The Making of an SS Killer: the Life of Colonel Alfred Filbert, 1905–1990 Alex J
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W., D. (Fictitious character) William Kerr Scott Lake (N.C.) Waaddah Island (Wash.) USE D. W. (Fictitious character) William Kerr Scott Reservoir (N.C.) BT Islands—Washington (State) W.12 (Military aircraft) BT Reservoirs—North Carolina Waaddah Island (Wash.) USE Hansa Brandenburg W.12 (Military aircraft) W particles USE Waadah Island (Wash.) W.13 (Seaplane) USE W bosons Waag family USE Hansa Brandenburg W.13 (Seaplane) W-platform cars USE Waaga family W.29 (Military aircraft) USE General Motors W-cars Waag River (Slovakia) USE Hansa Brandenburg W.29 (Military aircraft) W. R. Holway Reservoir (Okla.) USE Váh River (Slovakia) W.A. Blount Building (Pensacola, Fla.) UF Chimney Rock Reservoir (Okla.) Waaga family (Not Subd Geog) UF Blount Building (Pensacola, Fla.) Holway Reservoir (Okla.) UF Vaaga family BT Office buildings—Florida BT Lakes—Oklahoma Waag family W Award Reservoirs—Oklahoma Waage family USE Prix W W. R. Motherwell Farmstead National Historic Park Waage family W.B. Umstead State Park (N.C.) (Sask.) USE Waaga family USE William B. Umstead State Park (N.C.) USE Motherwell Homestead National Historic Site Waahi, Lake (N.Z.) W bosons (Sask.) UF Lake Rotongaru (N.Z.) [QC793.5.B62-QC793.5.B629] W. R. Motherwell Stone House (Sask.) Lake Waahi (N.Z.) UF W particles UF Motherwell House (Sask.) Lake Wahi (N.Z.) BT Bosons Motherwell Stone House (Sask.) Rotongaru, Lake (N.Z.) W. Burling Cocks Memorial Race Course at Radnor BT Dwellings—Saskatchewan Wahi, Lake (N.Z.) Hunt (Malvern, Pa.) W.S. Payne Medical Arts Building (Pensacola, Fla.) BT Lakes—New Zealand UF Cocks Memorial Race Course at Radnor Hunt UF Medical Arts Building (Pensacola, Fla.) Waʻahila Ridge (Hawaii) (Malvern, Pa.) Payne Medical Arts Building (Pensacola, Fla.) BT Mountains—Hawaii BT Racetracks (Horse racing)—Pennsylvania BT Office buildings—Florida Waaihoek (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) W-cars W star algebras USE Waay Hoek (KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa : USE General Motors W-cars USE C*-algebras Farm) W. -
NARA T733 R9 Guide 87.Pdf
Rg ! 1985 GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA No. 87. Records of Headquarters, German Army High Command, Part V (Oberkommandos des Heeres -- OKH) National Archives and Records Administration Washington, DC: 1990 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................... i Glossary of Selected Terms and Abbreviations ................................. iv Captured German and Related Records in the National Archives ................... vi Published Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, VA. ............. xxi Suggestions for Citing Microfilm .......................................... xxv Instructions for Ordering Microfilm ....................................... Guide Entries ........................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION The Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, VA, constitute a series of finding aids to the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) microfilm publications of seized records of German central, regional, and local government agencies and of military commands and units, as well as of the Nazi Party, its component formations, affiliated associations and supervised organizations. These records were created generally during the period 1920-1945, excepting the Heeresarchiv Records dating from the 17th to the 20th Century. The guide series was initiated as a microfilming project of the Committee for the Study of War Documents of the American Historical Association (AHA) in cooperation with the National Archives and the Department of the Army. With the termination of AHA participation in July 1963, the National Archives assumed sole responsibility for the reproduction of records and the preparation of guides. Guide No. 87 is Part V of Records of Headquarters, German Army High Command (Oberkommando des Heeres -- OKH) and describes records reproduced on 227 rolls of NARA Microfilm Publication T78 (rolls 606-644, 650-655, 657-663, 665-670, 672 and 715-882). -
Wehrmacht Security Regiments in the Soviet Partisan War, 1943
Ben Shepherd Wehrmacht Security Regiments in the Soviet Partisan War, 1943 Historians generally agree that, as an institution, the German Wehrmacht identified strongly with National Socialism and embroiled itself in the Third Reich’s criminality through a mix- ture of ideological agreement, military ruthlessness, calculation and careerism.1 Less certain is how far this picture extends to the Wehrmacht’s lower levels — individual units and jurisdictions, middle-ranking and junior officers, NCOs and rank-and-file sol- diers. For the German Army of the East (Ostheer), which fought in the ideologically coloured eastern campaign (Ostfeldzug) of extermination, subjugation and plunder against the Soviet Union, the scale of complicity, of the resulting killing and of the manpower involved make lower-level investigation especially pertinent. The picture emerging from a detailed, albeit still embryonic, case study treatment of units of the Ostheer’s middle level (mitt- lere Schicht) — a picture which, thanks to the nature of the sources available, is significantly fuller than that of its rank and file — is one in which motivation and conduct, whilst unde- niably very often ruthless and brutal, were nonetheless multi- faceted in origin and varied in form and extent.2 This article argues that, if the dynamics behind mittlere Schicht brutality are to be understood more fully and their effects quantified more comprehensively, the mittlere Schicht itself needs breaking down and examining in terms of the different levels — divisions, regi- ments, battalions and others — that comprised it. The setting is the Ostheer’s anti-partisan campaign in the central sector of the German-occupied Soviet Union, namely Byelorussia and the areas of greater Russia to the east of it, during the spring and summer of 1943. -
German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 2017+ University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2018 German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941 David Sutton University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses1 University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Sutton, David, German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Humanities and Social Inquiry, University of Wollongong, 2018. -
“The Germans Had Set the Goal to Destroy Everyone”
“the Germans had set the goal to destroy everyone” Ozarichi in German-occupied Belarus through the eyes of survivors University of Amsterdam Master thesis in History, German Studies Anne-Lise Bobeldijk [email protected] March 2016 Supervisor: dr. K.C. Berkhoff Second reader: dr. M.J. Föllmer Contents Introduction 3 1. Towards an oral history of the Ozarichi camps 9 2. The round-ups 20 2.1 The cities of Bobruisk and Zhlobin 20 2.2 Villages and hamlets 24 3. Transport to the camps as virtual death marches 28 3.1 Deportation methods 28 3.2 Arbitrariness, torment and violence 33 4. The transit camps 39 4.1 The numerous transit camps 39 4.2 Treatment in the camps and social interaction 45 5. The Ozarichi camps 51 5.1 Ozarichi, Dert and Semonovich 51 5.2 Liberation and aftermath 53 Conclusion 56 Bibliography 61 Appendix I 64 Appendix II 65 Appendix III 73 Acknowledgements 74 2 Introduction ‘The regime in the camps – a regime of hunger, cold, illness and the immense insults of the Soviet people – gave me the firm belief that the Germans had set the goal to destroy everyone; all children, elderly people, women, disabled people and inmates.’1 This quote from Vasilli Murashkin seems to refer to one of the well-known national socialist concentration camps, such as Auschwitz, Dachau or Majdanek. However, he refers to the Ozarichi camps in Belarus, near the villages Ozarichi, Dert and Semonovich. Murashkin was one of the approximately 40,000 people who ended up in these camps because they were seen as “useless eaters”.2 After the Battle of Stalingrad, Hitler ordered that nothing useful was to fall into the hands of the Soviets. -
Mommsen, Hans, Germans Against Hitler
GERMANS AGAINST HITLER HANS MOMMSEN GERMANSGERMANSGERMANS AGAINSTAGAINST HITLERHITLER THE STAUFFENBERG PLOT AND RESISTANCE UNDER THE THIRD REICH Translated and annotated by Angus McGeoch Introduction by Jeremy Noakes New paperback edition published in 2009 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com First published in hardback in 2003 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd as Alternatives to Hitler. Originally published in 2000 as Alternative zu Hitler – Studien zur Geschichte des deutschen Widerstandes. Copyright © Verlag C.H. Beck oHG, Munchen, 2000 Translation copyright © I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd, 2003, 2009 The translation of this work has been supported by Inter Nationes, Bonn. The right of Hans Mommsen to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN 978 1 84511 852 5 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Project management by Steve Tribe, Andover Printed and bound in India by Thomson Press India Ltd ContentsContentsContents Preface by Hans Mommsen vii Introduction by Jeremy Noakes 1 1. Carl von Ossietzky and the concept of a right to resist in Germany 9 2. German society and resistance to Hitler 23 3. -
Introduction
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-45608-1 - The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945-1958: Atrocity, Law, and History Hilary Earl Excerpt More information Introduction Just after midnight on the night of June 7, 1951, five men – Otto Ohlendorf, Paul Blobel, Werner Braune, Erich Naumann, and Oswald Pohl – were exe- cuted for crimes against humanity at Landsberg war crimes prison in Landsberg-am-Lech, Bavaria, southern Germany. The five executions took a little less than two hours and marked the conclusion of an international legal process begun by the Americans in the summer of 1945.Inthe6 years since the end of the war, the Palace of Justice at Nuremberg had housed a number of high-profile war crimes trials; the most renowned was the International Military Tribunal (IMT) in which twenty-two major Nazi war criminals, including Hermann Goring¨ and Albert Speer, were tried by the Allies in the first international court.1 Albeit the most well-known, the IMT was but the first of thirteen so-called Nuremberg war crimes trials that cov- ered an array of crimes not limited to either soldiers or the conduct of the war. Following the IMT, between 1946 and 1949, there were 12 additional Nuremberg trials or NMT, prosecuted by the Americans alone. The subject of this book is one of these trials, Case 9 against Otto Ohlendorf and the SS-Einsatzgruppen leaders, officially titled: “The United States of America v. Otto Ohlendorf et al.,” more commonly known as the Einsatzgruppen case.2 The reference to “military” is confusing and somewhat of a misnomer 1 Important works on the IMT include: Whitney Harris, Tyranny on Trial: The Evidence at Nuremberg (New York, 1954); Wilbourn E. -
Final Thesis.Pdf
Canterbury Christ Church University’s repository of research outputs http://create.canterbury.ac.uk Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. Stracey, H. (2017) ‘Enfer des femmes’: Britain and the Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trials. M.A. thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University. Contact: [email protected] ‘Enfer Des Femmes’: Britain and The Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trials By Heather Stracey Canterbury Christ Church University Thesis submitted For Masters by Research September 2017 1 Table of Contents: Abstract page 4 Acknowledgements 7 Abbreviations 8 Prologue: Impressions of Ravensbrück 10 Introduction: Ravensbrück and War Crimes in Historical Perspective 14 Chapter 1: When ‘Conceptions of Justice Do Not Always Tally With Our Own’: 24 Human Rights and Bipolar Politics Prior to the First Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trials Chapter 2: The Seven Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trials 36 i. The First Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trial ii. The Second Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trial iii. The ‘Uckermark Trial’ iv. The ‘Doctors and Nurses Case’ v. The Fifth Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trial vi. The Sixth Ravensbrück-Hamburg Trial vii. -
Law Reports of Trial of War Criminals, Volume XII
LAW REPORTS OF TRIALS OF WAR CRIMINALS Selected and prepared by THE UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES COMMISSION VOLUME XII THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND TRIAL LONDON PUBLISHED FOR THE UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES COMMISSION BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE 1949 Price 5S. od. net. LAW REPORTS OF TRIALS OF WAR CRIMINALS SELECTED AND PREPARED BY THE UNITED NATIONS WAR CRIMES COMMISSION I One of the aims of this series of Reports is to relate in summary form the course of the most important of the proceedings taken I' against persons accused of committing war crimes during the Second [I World War, apart from the major war criminals tried by the ,I Nuremberg and Tokyo International Military Tribunals, but ;1 'I including those tried by United States Military Tribunals at I Nuremberg. Of necessity, the trials reported in these volumes are examples only, since the trials conducted before the various Allied Courts of which the Commission has had record, number about 1,600. The trials selected for reporting, however, are ~hose which are thought to be of the greatest interest legally and in which important points of municipal and international law arose and were settled. Each report, however, contains not only the outline of the proceedings in the trial under review, but also, in a separate section headed" Notes on the Case ", such comments of an explanatory nature on the legal matters arising in that trial as it has been thought useful to include. These notes provide also, at suitable points, general summaries and analyses of the decisions of the courts on specific points of law derived primarily from a study of relevant trials already reported upon in the series. -
Operation Typhoon: Hitler’S March on Moscow, October 1941 David Stahel Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03512-6 - Operation Typhoon: Hitler’s March on Moscow, October 1941 David Stahel Frontmatter More information Operation Typhoon In October 1941 Hitler launched Operation Typhoon, the German drive to capture Moscow and knock the Soviet Union out of the war. As the last chance to escape the dire implications of a winter campaign, Hitler directed seventy-five German divisions, almost two million men and three of Germany’s four panzer groups into the offensive, resulting in huge victories at Viaz’ma and Briansk – among the biggest battles of World War II. David Stahel’s groundbreaking new account of Operation Typhoon captures the perspectives of both the German high command and individual soldiers, revealing that, despite success on the battlefield, the wider German war effort was in far greater trouble than is often acknowledged. Germany’s hopes of final victory depended on the success of the October offensive but the autumn conditions and the stubborn resistance of the Red Army ensured that the capture of Moscow was anything but certain. David Stahel is a lecturer at the University of New South Wales in Canberra. His previous publications include Operation Barbarossa and Germany’s Defeat in the East (2009), Kiev 1941 (2011)andNazi Policy on the Eastern Front, 1941 (2012). © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03512-6 - Operation Typhoon: Hitler’s March on Moscow, October 1941 David Stahel Frontmatter More information © in this web service -
Here Can Be No Debate That Nazi Germany’S Drive on Moscow Was a Human Calamity with Few Precedents in History
INTRODUCTION The battle of Moscow involved 2.5 million men on both sides of the eastern front, making it one of the largest and, without question, one of the most important battles of the Second World War. According to Andrew Roberts, Hitler’s offensive towards the Soviet capital was noth- ing less than decisive: ‘It is no exaggeration to state that the outcome of 1 the Second World War hung in the balance during this massive attack’. For both sides, the battle for Moscow was an epic of endurance and sacrifice, while its sheer magnitude concentrated the world’s attention as never before. There can be no debate that Nazi Germany’s drive on Moscow was a human calamity with few precedents in history. The battle began at the start of October 1941 with Operation Typhoon and, with a two- week pause at the start of November, continued to the very gates of Moscow by early December 1941. As one German soldier wrote: ‘Burning villages, the bodies of dead Russian soldiers, the carcasses of dead horses, burned-out tanks, and abandoned equipment were the 2 signposts of our march.’ Magnifying this level of destruction across a front nearly 700 km wide, Army Group Centre, the German force charged with seizing the Soviet capital, left a torrent of devastation through central Russia. The offensive towards Moscow was only the latest in an unbro- ken series of battles that Army Group Centre had fought since June 1941. The trail of destruction began with a two-week battle at Minsk, followed by a two-month battle at Smolensk, and then a month of fighting down into Ukraine for the battle of Kiev. -
(De)Constructing the Nazi State: Criminal Organizations and the Constitutional Theory of the International Military Tribunal
Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review Volume 39 Number 1 Special Edition: The Nuremberg Laws Article 8 and the Nuremberg Trials Winter 2017 (De)Constructing the Nazi State: Criminal Organizations and the Constitutional Theory of the International Military Tribunal David Fraser University of Nottingham, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr Recommended Citation David Fraser, (De)Constructing the Nazi State: Criminal Organizations and the Constitutional Theory of the International Military Tribunal, 39 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 117 (2017). Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr/vol39/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 08 FRASER .DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 1/24/17 7:14 PM (De)Constructing the Nazi State: Criminal Organizations and the Constitutional Theory of the International Military Tribunal DAVID FRASER* I. INTRODUCTION The place of the International Military Tribunal (“IMT”) at Nu- remberg for both historical and legal scholarship is not yet beyond doubt as we approach the seventieth anniversary of the proceedings.1 Some claim that, despite its many acknowledged