June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4433 faced the Ebola crisis, we responded. McConnell (for McCain) amendment No. United States, where local transmission of When the avian flu crisis hit, we re- 4787 (to amendment No. 4685), to amend sec- the virus has yet to be reported, most blood sponded quickly with emergency fund- tion 2709 of title 18, United States Code, to banks are not yet using the experimental ing. We have done the same with torna- clarify that the Government may obtain a screening test used in Puerto Rico, which specified set of electronic communication was made by Roche Diagnostics. does, hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, transactional records under that section, and and fires, but the Republicans aren’t Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, this ar- to make permanent the authority for indi- ticle is entitled, ‘‘U.S. Officials Are doing that. I don’t know; I don’t under- vidual terrorists to be treated as agents of stand this. It is an emergency. Zika is foreign powers under the Foreign Intel- Surprised by Zika Rate in Puerto an emergency. It is devastating. Re- ligence Surveillance Act of 1978. Rico.’’ publicans should treat it as such and McConnell motion to recommit the bill to It goes on: ‘‘Roughly 1 percent of re- work with Democrats to fully respond the Committee on Appropriations for a pe- cent blood donors in Puerto Rico to this. They should do it now; they riod of 14 days. showed signs of active infection with should have done it months ago. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the Zika virus, suggesting that a sub- It is stunning and sad that instead of the previous order, the time until the stantial portion of the island’s popu- responding responsibly to this Nation’s cloture vote will be equally divided be- lation will become infected, federal emergency in a bipartisan way, the Re- tween the managers or their designees. health officials reported on Friday.’’ publicans have retreated behind closed The Senator from Illinois. They go on to cite the statistics that doors and are negotiating Zika funding Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I rise to have been analyzed by the Centers for among themselves. There is a con- speak as in morning business. Disease Control and Prevention, and ference going on, but nothing is hap- ZIKA VIRUS here is what they concluded: pening. The Republicans over in the Mr. President, the statement just Based on prior experience, Dr. Williamson House are playing around with some- made by the Senate Democratic leader [of the CDC] said he would not have expected so many Zika-infected donors until late June thing they are going to send us. We on the Zika challenge to the United States is well documented. What is or early July. know; we have been there. It is going The CDC has estimated that as many as a to come here. The Republicans in the well documented is that the President quarter of the island’s 3.5 million people may House will then decide to go home, and of the United States came to Congress become infected with the Zika virus this the Democrats will have to go with 4 months ago and said: We are facing a year. them, and they will be gone. So we will public health threat. Do something. ‘‘It’s possible that thousands of pregnant be jammed sometime next week, and For 4 months the Republican-led women in Puerto Rico could be infected,’’ the Republican leader will say: Listen, Congress has done nothing. Meanwhile, Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, [the CDC’s] director, told Reuters . . . leading to ‘‘dozens or hun- we have to do this. The House is gone. the mosquitoes carrying this deadly virus are on the march. dreds of infants being born with We can’t change anything. Well, that is microcephaly in the coming year.’’ wrong. They should not turn this gen- This is a report from the New York Times from last week which I ask What is the Republican majority eral public health emergency into a waiting for in the U.S. Senate? What is partisan game, syphoning money from unanimous consent to have printed in the RECORD in its entirety. the Republican majority waiting for in Ebola or cutting the Affordable Care the U.S. House of Representatives? Act as we heard they are doing over in There being no objection, the mate- rial was ordered to be printed in the Don’t they believe this is a serious the House. That is a dangerous break public health threat? If they don’t, from our commitment to address emer- RECORD, as follows: [From the New York Times, June 17, 2016] they are ignoring the obvious—evi- gencies we are funding. dence given to us by the leading public U.S. OFFICIALS ARE SURPRISED BY ZIKA RATE We should respond to this crisis and health defense agency in the United IN PUERTO RICO respond now. We know what we need to States of America, if not the world. (By Catherine Saint Louis) send the President—at least $1.9 bil- Over and over again, they tell us this is lion—and it is an emergency. It is no Roughly 1 percent of recent blood donors a deadly threat. While the infection different, as I have said, than a flood or in Puerto Rico showed signs of active infec- tion with the Zika virus, suggesting that a rates increase and the infections a fire or those other emergencies I among pregnant women increase and mentioned. For every moment the Re- substantial portion of the island’s population will become infected, federal health officials the number of these infants who are af- publicans delay in responding to the reported on Friday. flicted by serious birth defects in- Zika virus, we endanger more Ameri- From April 3 to June 11, testing of 12,700 crease, the Republicans in the House cans. donations at blood centers in Puerto Rico and Senate are too busy focusing on Mr. President, there are a number of identified 68 infected donors, according to Donald Trump to pay attention to this people on the floor. I would ask the the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- public health crisis. It is about time tion. Chair to announce the business of the they accepted the reality, and the re- day. Over all, about 0.5 percent of donors had active Zika infections, but the prevalence ality is they were elected to lead, they f rose to 1.1 percent in the week ending June were elected to protect, they were RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME 11. The virus, carried by the yellow fever elected to serve, and when it comes to mosquito, has been linked to birth defects in the Zika virus, they are doing none of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under infants and neurological problems in adults. this. They are standing back, twisted the previous order, the leadership time ‘‘There are a lot more Zika-positive people in knots, trying to figure out how to is reserved. than we would anticipate this early’’ in the take money away from other public f outbreak, said Phillip Williamson, an author of the C.D.C. report and the vice president of health challenges to deal with this, and COMMERCE, JUSTICE, SCIENCE, operations at Creative Testing Solutions, a 4 months have passed. These mosqui- AND RELATED AGENCIES APPRO- blood-donor testing laboratory. toes are spreading this infection across PRIATIONS ACT, 2016 Based on prior experience, Dr. Williamson Puerto Rico, and soon we will know said he would not have expected so many more in the United States. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Zika-infected donors until late June or at the previous order, the Senate will re- Senator REID suggested there were early July. 2,000 Americans with the Zika virus in- sume consideration of H.R. 2578, which The C.D.C. has estimated that as many as the clerk will report. a quarter of the island’s 3.5 million people fection; 400—if I recall his numbers cor- The legislative clerk read as follows: may become infected with the Zika virus rectly—pregnant women, and there is already evidence of babies here being A bill (H.R. 2578) making appropriations this year. for the Departments of Commerce and Jus- ‘‘It’s possible that thousands of pregnant born afflicted because of this infection. tice, Science, and Related Agencies for the women in Puerto Rico could be infected,’’ What is the Republican majority wait- fiscal year ending September 30, 2016, and for Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, the agency’s direc- ing for? tor, told Reuters on Friday, leading to ‘‘doz- other purposes. FIGHTING TERRORISM ens or hundreds of infants being born with Pending: microcephaly in the coming year.’’ Mr. President, the Senate Republican Shelby/Mikulski amendment No. 4685, in Zika-contaminated donations are removed leader came to the floor earlier this the nature of a substitute. from the blood supply. In the continental morning to speak to us about ISIL and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.006 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 terrorism. I hope he understands there night on 4 gun safety issues. None of Mr. President, I yield the floor. is a political consensus on the fol- them passed. It was established that I suggest the absence of a quorum. lowing statement: We should do every- they needed an extraordinary majority. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. COT- thing in our power to prevent any ter- That was the decision made by the Re- TON). The clerk will call the roll. rorist attack in the United States and publican leadership. While we came The assistant bill clerk (Lindsay everything in our power to stop the close to a majority on many of these Gibmeyer) proceeded to call the roll. spread of terrorism overseas, including votes, we didn’t have the 60 votes nec- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask and especially when it comes to ISIS. essary to make them law. unanimous consent that the order for What Senator REID asked of Senator Luckily, we have one Republican the quorum call be rescinded. MCCONNELL is the right question. You Senator on the Republican side who The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without come with criticism of our current pol- showed extraordinary courage. Senator objection, it is so ordered. icy, but you offer nothing. There is no COLLINS of Maine has stepped up to try Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask suggestion by the Senate Republican to craft a measure to keep deadly unanimous consent that the time be leader that we should be sending invad- weapons out of the hands of terrorists equally divided between the Democrats ing armies again. We did try that in in the United States. Do the American and Republicans during the quorum Iraq, and the consequences are well people agree with Senator COLLINS? call. known. We lost 4,844 lives—American Only by a margin of 90 percent, they The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there soldiers who gave their lives in Iraq. believe she is right. They believe we objection? Over a half million returned with inju- are right—that we should do something Without objection, it is so ordered. ries, some of them with injuries that to defy the National Rifle Association Mr. DURBIN. I suggest the absence of will be with them for a lifetime. The and make it more difficult for those a quorum. cost to the United States in terms of who are suspected terrorists to buy The PRESIDING OFFICER. The death, injury, and the problems that firearms, especially assault weapons. clerk will call the roll. Well, she is working on it, and I am these veterans face will go on for gen- The assistant bill clerk proceeded to working with her. Many of us are sup- erations. Is the Senator from Kentucky call the roll. porting her effort—a bipartisan effort, suggesting we should do that again? I Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I ask and one that is long overdue. unanimous consent that the order for hope not. When the Senator who is the Repub- What we are doing is joining up with the quorum call be rescinded. lican majority leader comes to the Iraqi forces to defeat ISIS. We are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without floor and says we need to do more to using the best of American intelligence objection, it is so ordered. fight terrorism, what is he doing to and guidance to make sure they are ef- AMENDMENT NO. 4787 fight terrorism? When it comes to as- fective and there is evidence of success. Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, as a sault weapons and those who are pur- The statement put in the RECORD member of the Appropriations Com- chasing them in the United States— from Senator CARPER goes into detail. mittee, I am concerned about a pending like the deadly killer in Orlando—he Senator REID alluded to it in his amendment, McCain amendment No. can help us. The Kentucky Senator speech. It talks about the things we 4787. who is the Republican leader can help have done and the success we have had. We had a series of votes earlier this us by making America safer and keep- The notion that we can do this over- week on sensible gun safety measures. ing automatic weapons, assault weap- night, that we just invade with a large We know by all the polling that the ons, and semiautomatic weapons out of overwhelming majority of Americans U.S. Army—if that is what Senator the hands of would-be terrorists. That supported these measures, but they MCCONNELL is suggesting, I would sug- would mean defying the National Rifle were blocked by Senate Republicans. gest he go back in history and reflect Association, and many on the Repub- Now it appears the Republican lead- on his own vote for the invasion of lican side are scared to death of that— ership wants to change the subject. Iraq, which I disagreed with at the just scared to death of what that orga- They are resorting to scare tactics to time and still do. It was a mistake for nization might do to them if they join us to invade. divert the attention of the American Senator COLLINS, if they join Senator Then there is the question about the people from their failure to act in re- FEINSTEIN, in trying to stem the rise of sponse to mass shootings. Let’s be gun issue, particularly when it comes terrorism from these assault weapons clear about what we need to stay safe. to assault weapons. Do you know what in the United States. the terrorists have told us? They basi- I have said it before and I will say it We need universal background checks cally said to us: Go ahead and fight the again: There is no self-respecting hun- for firearms purchases and we need to last war. Focus on what happened on ter, sportsman, or even a person look- give the FBI the authority to deny 9/11. Put all your resources at airports. ing for self-defense who can defend guns to terrorist suspects. Be ready to stop anyone who wants to these weapons that are being sold in Senate Republicans rejected those take over an airplane. It is a worthy the United States. commonsense measures earlier this goal, but while you are diverted with There was a Snapchat video of one of week, but we still have the chance to that goal, fighting the last terrorist the victims in Orlando, the last 9 sec- give law enforcement real and effective war, we are opening up new fronts, and onds of her life before she was killed. tools. We should strengthen our laws to one of those fronts very specifically is She turned on her cell phone, and in 9 make it easier to prosecute firearms that the terrorists warned us: We know seconds, 17 rounds were fired by this traffickers and straw purchasers. where to buy assault weapons in the aspiring ISIS terrorist who had access I am a gun owner. I know if I go in to United States. We know about your to an assault weapon. Assault weapons buy a gun in Vermont—even though gun shows. We know about your Inter- belong in the hands of law enforcement the gun store owner has known me net sales, and that is where we are and the military. They shouldn’t be so most of their life—I have to go through going to turn. easily accessible by those who would a background check. But you can have They are calling on their aspiring turn them on innocent Americans, somebody who has restraining orders terrorists around the world to find ac- whether it is in a classroom in New- against them, warrants outstanding cess to assault weapons and turn them town, CT, or in a nightclub in Orlando. against them, or who could have been on innocent Americans. We saw the I would say to the Senator from Ken- convicted of heinous crimes, and they devastating impact of that in Orlando tucky that if he wants to stop ter- can walk into a gun show, with no two weeks ago. rorism, start at home. Start at home background check, and buy anything Because of the filibuster last week by preventing terrorist access to these they want. that was initiated by Senator MURPHY deadly weapons that have no effective We also know they can go and buy all of Connecticut and sustained by Sen- use when it comes to sport and hunting kinds of weapons to sell at a great prof- ator BOOKER of New Jersey and Senator and that are just being purchased, it to criminal gangs that couldn’t buy BLUMENTHAL of Connecticut and 37 oth- sadly, for collections reasons or for them otherwise, and of course to those ers who came to the floor to support those who want to misuse the weapons who are going to commit acts of ter- them, we forced a vote on Monday to kill innocent people. rorism and hate crimes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.007 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4435 We also need to fund the FBI and the they will support measures that will rity letter statute ought to be inter- Justice Department so they have the actually help keep our country safe. preted narrowly just the way the au- resources to combat acts of terrorism Mr. President, I yield the floor to the thors in 1993 envisioned. and hate. Those are the elements of the distinguished Senator from Oregon. I see my friend, the distinguished amendment that Senators MIKULSKI, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- chair of the Intelligence Committee. I BALDWIN, NELSON and I filed yesterday. ator from Oregon. know we are going to hear how this is In contrast, Republicans are pro- Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, I thank absolutely pivotal in order to protect posing to reduce independent oversight my colleague. He and I have worked on the security of the American people. I of FBI investigations, and make per- this. He is really outlining the hypoc- will recap. manent a law that as of last year had risy behind what has been going on No. 1, never once has the FBI sug- never been used. The McCain amend- over the past few days. gested this would have prevented Or- ment would eliminate the requirement Mr. President, due process ought to lando; No. 2, in the face of an emer- for a court order when the FBI wants apply as it relates to guns, but due gency under the legislation I authored, to obtain detailed information about process wouldn’t apply as it relates to the government, in an Orlando or San Americans’ Internet activities in na- the Internet activity of millions of Bernardino issue, can go get the tional security investigations. Americans. My view is that the coun- records immediately and then after the You can almost hear J. Edgar Hoo- try wants policies that promote safety fact settle up; No. 3, this was not a ver, who loved to be able to spy on any and liberty. Increasingly, we are get- typo. This was what the authors had American he didn’t like, asking: Why ting policies that do not do much of ei- suggested; No. 4, the Bush administra- didn’t I have that when I was the head ther. Supporters of this amendment, tion, hardly soft on terror, didn’t be- of the FBI? the McCain amendment, have sug- lieve what this amendment was all The McCain amendment could cover gested that Americans need to choose about was necessary. This is an amend- Web sites Americans have visited; ex- between protecting their security and ment that would undermine funda- tensive information on who Americans protecting their constitutional right to mental American rights without mak- communicate with through email, privacy. ing our country safer. chat, and text messages; and where and The fact is, this amendment doesn’t In my view, undermining the role of when Americans log onto the Internet improve either. What it does is, it gives judicial oversight, particularly when it and into social media accounts. Over an FBI field office new authority to ad- doesn’t make the country safer and we time, this information would provide ministratively scoop up Americans’ have a specific statutory provision for highly revealing details about Ameri- digital records, their email and chat emergencies to protect the American cans’ personal lives, Americans who records, their text message logs, Web- people, this amendment defies common are totally innocent of any kind of browsing history, and certain types of sense. criminal activity, and they get all of location information without ever I hope my colleagues will oppose it. I this without prior court approval. going to a judge. urge my colleagues to do so. I think it That is why this amendment is op- The reason this is unnecessary—and is going to be very hard to explain to posed by major technology companies it is something I believe in very strong- the American people how an approach and privacy groups across the political ly and worked hard for it in the FREE- like the one behind this amendment, spectrum, from FreedomWorks to DOM Act—there is a very specific sec- that would allow any FBI field office to Google, to the ACLU. tion in the FREEDOM Act, which I issue an administrative subpoena for Senator CORNYN and others have ar- worked for and authored in a separate email and chat records, text message gued that we cannot prevent people on effort in 2013, that allows the FBI to logs, web-browsing history, location in- the terrorist watch list from obtaining demand all of these records—all of the formation—that you ought to be able firearms without due process and judi- records I described—in an emergency to do it without judicial oversight, cial review. Yet at the same time they and then go get court approval after when you have a specific law that says are proposing to remove judicial ap- the fact. So unless you are opposed to government has the right to move proval when the FBI wants to find out court oversight, even after the fact, quickly in an emergency. I think it is what Web sites Americans are visiting. there is no reason to support this going to be pretty hard to explain to The FBI already has the authority to amendment. the American people how you are going obtain this information if it obtains a The FBI has not, in any way, sug- to have an arrangement like this that court order under section 215 of the gested that having this authority does not make us safer and certainly USA PATRIOT Act. would have stopped the San Bernardino jeopardizes our liberties. None of us would feel comfortable if attack or the massacre at an LGBT I am for both, and this amendment the FBI or any law enforcement agency nightclub in Orlando. That is because doesn’t do much of either. could just walk into our home, rifle there is no reason to think that is the I yield the floor. through our desks, and go through the case. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- notes of whom we have called or whom The Founding Fathers wrote the ator from North Carolina. we have talked to. But they are saying Fourth Amendment to the Constitu- Mr. BURR. Mr. President, as I grew because we have done it electronically tion for a good reason. We can protect up, I remember listening daily to Paul and through the Internet, we ought to security and liberty. We can have both. Harvey on the radio. Paul Harvey’s be able to just ignore any right of pri- Somehow, the sponsors of the McCain motto was, ‘‘and now the rest of the vacy and go into it. amendment have said: You can really story.’’ So rather than trying to distract us only have one or the other. That is where we are. I give Senator from their opposition to commonsense Mr. President and colleagues, the WYDEN a tremendous amount of credit gun measures, such as their opposition other argument that was made yester- for consistency. He is consistently to requiring somebody who has crimi- day—some have said, we have to have against providing the tools that law nal indictments pending against them this amendment because it will just fix enforcement needs to defend the Amer- from being able to go to a gun show a typo in the law. That is not true. I ican people. That is fine, if that is your and buy guns, Republicans should sup- urge colleagues to take a look at the position, but let’s talk about fact. port actions that will help protect us, record on this. The record makes it This statute was changed in 1993, and such as those in the amendment filed clear that this provision was carefully in one subpart of that legislation, it by Senators MIKULSKI, BALDWIN, NEL- circumscribed, was narrowly drawn. was not carried over about the ISP— SON, and myself. The notion that this is some sort of Internet service provider—responsi- Instead of kowtowing to a very well- typo simply doesn’t hold water. bility to provide this information when organized special interest lobbying The fact is, the Bush administra- requested by law enforcement. group, why not listen to the lobby of tion—hardly an administration that From 1993 until 2010, every tech- the American people and do what was soft on terror—said this was not nology company, when requested by Americans want. I hope Senators will needed, this was not something they the FBI, continued to provide this in- oppose the McCain amendment. I hope would support; that the national secu- formation. This is not a new expansion.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.004 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4436 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 It is clearly something that continued tion—the one that has the responsi- ment we put in the FREEDOM Act. from 1993 until 2010, 6 years ago, when bility today to keep the American peo- The government can go get that infor- all of a sudden a tech company looked ple safe. It is the administration that mation immediately and come back at it and said: Boy, it is in this subpart, has come to the Senate, provided the and then settle up later with the judge. but it doesn’t state it in that subpart language, and asked for this clarifica- Frankly, that was something I felt ex- so we are not going to provide it for tion to be made because it was inad- tremely strongly about because I want- you anymore. vertently left out in 1993. ed it understood that there is not a de- Myth: We have never asked for this. So we are here today to fix some- bate about privacy versus security. We have never had this. thing that is broken, not to expand in This is about ensuring that we have No, we have had it for a long time, any way, shape, or form the powers or both, and that is why that emergency and until 2010, every company supplied to intrude into privacy, because there provision is so important. it to the Federal Bureau of Investiga- is no content collected. This is simply My colleague made mention of the tion. All of a sudden, one company’s to provide law enforcement with tools fact that the FBI would be waiting general counsel said: We don’t see it in that enable them to fulfill their mis- around if the country’s safety and well- this subpart; therefore, we are not sion, which is to keep America safe. being were on the line. No way—not be- bound to provide that for you. In addition to the ECTA fix, let me cause of the specific language in the We are either going to fight ter- say there is a lone-wolf provision that USA FREEDOM Act I offered and my rorism and prosecute criminals or we extends the lone wolf permanently. The colleague supported. This is about en- are not going to do it. We can take lone wolf provision provides the gov- suring that the American people can away every tool because we use this ex- ernment’s ability to target non-U.S. have both security and liberty. cuse that technology now forbids us persons—foreigners only—who engage We have heard the lone-wolf provi- from accessing information. or attempt to engage in international sion referred to. That was extended for Let me say about this, we get no con- terrorism but do not show specific 4 years in the USA FREEDOM Act. I tent. To get content, you have to go to links to a foreign power or terrorist or- supported that as well. a judge on a bench, and that judge has ganization to be under the lone-wolf So what we are talking about today to give you permission to actually read provision. It is too important to let it is not making the country safer but the content. We are talking about ad- expire. threatening our liberty. And I did draw dresses, locations, times that, in the This provision is not about address- a contrast between this and the issue case of reconstruction or in the case of ing or responding to a single specific with respect to guns. Our colleagues trying to prevent an attack, could be threat—particularly one that has al- said we ought to have due process as it crucial. ready manifested itself—any more than relates to guns. I certainly support the idea of due process, but it shouldn’t be The one fact I heard from my col- the underlying bill is. I urge my col- a double standard—we are going to league from Oregon is that this leagues to support this legislation. The have due process there, and we are not wouldn’t have stopped San Bernardino American people need it, law enforce- going to have due process as it relates or Orlando. He is 100 percent correct. ment needs it, and the Obama adminis- to these national security letters. But I hope there is no legislation we tration wants it. It is what we operated are considering in the Senate that is The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- under from an understanding from 1993 ator has used 3 minutes. about a single incident. This is about a until 2010, when a general counsel in Mr. WYDEN. If I could have 10 addi- framework of tools law enforcement one company decided to buck the sys- tional seconds, and I appreciate my can use today, tomorrow, and into the tem and say: Spell it out for me or we colleague’s courtesy. future; it is not about looking back and are not going to do it. Let’s spell it out Mr. MCCAIN. Certainly. saying: But it didn’t exist here. for them and give law enforcement this Mr. WYDEN. The amendment gives Let me just explain what happens if, tool. the FBI field office authority to scoop in fact, this inadvertent change isn’t I yield the floor. up all this digital material without ju- made. It means the FBI goes from a 1- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- dicial oversight. That is a mistake. day process of getting this vital infor- ator from Arizona. I yield the floor. mation to over a month. To go to the Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, how The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- FISA Court and get approval to seek much time remains? ator from Arizona. the information—over a month. If it The PRESIDING OFFICER. Ten min- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, obvi- had to do with a terrorist attack, boy, utes remains. ously I urge my colleagues to support I hope the American people are com- Mr. MCCAIN. I won’t take the entire this amendment. I thank the distin- fortable with saying: As long as the 10 minutes. I notice the Senator from guished chairman of the Select Com- FBI figures this out a month in ad- Oregon, and I would be glad to yield to mittee on Intelligence, who knows as vance, then we are OK. But when you him 3 minutes of the 10 minutes re- much about this issue as any Member look at the MO of attacks around the maining so he can speak in his usual of Congress or anyone else, and I appre- world, in most cases, we had no notice. articulate fashion. ciate the great job he is doing and his In most cases, maybe another thread of Mr. WYDEN. I thank my colleague important remarks. information might have given us the for the time. Look, this is pretty simple. The preventive time we needed. Mr. MCCAIN. I yield 3 minutes of my amendment has the support of the Na- In many cases, connecting the dots is 10 minutes to the Senator from Oregon. tional Fraternal Order of Police; the also a matter of time. Director Comey The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Federal Law Enforcement Agencies As- came and had a session with all Mem- ator from Oregon. sociation, which is the largest national bers of the Senate last week. His com- Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, I want to professional law enforcement associa- ment about expediting this informa- come back again to the argument I tion; and the Federal Bureau of Inves- tion into the public domain was be- made earlier. The Senator from North tigation Agents Association. Literally cause he wanted to assure the Amer- Carolina said the FBI would have to every law enforcement agency in ican people that they had reviewed as wait around if there was something America supports this amendment so much as they could to certify that that really had the well-being of the they can do their job and defend Amer- there was not another cell, that the American people at stake. That is sim- ica. American people could sleep safe that ply inaccurate. In the USA FREEDOM Ronald Reagan used to say that facts night. Well, this is part of that proc- Act, I was able to add a provision I feel are stubborn things. The fact is, ac- ess—being able to access the informa- very strongly about, which says if the cording to the Director of the CIA, ac- tion you need in a timely fashion. FBI thinks the security and well-being cording to the Director of National In- You know something he forgot to say of the American people are on the line, telligence, right now Baghdadi, in is that this is the Obama administra- the FBI can move immediately to col- Raqqa, is calling people in and saying: tion’s language. We can talk all we lect all the information we have been Get on this. Get on this and get back to want to about Bush or Clinton or what- talking about. So there is no waiting. the United States or Europe and con- ever; this is the Obama administra- There is no dawdling under the amend- tact us then and we will attack.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.005 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4437 There will be more attacks, accord- tion. They are saying unanimously The question is, Is it the sense of the ing to both the Director of the CIA and that they need this authority in order Senate that debate on amendment No. the Director of National Intelligence. to carry out their responsibilities. 4787, offered by the Senator from Ken- Right now there are, unfortunately, Mr. President, we are going to vote tucky for the Senator from Arizona, to young people in this country who are here in a couple of minutes, and I amendment No. 4685 to H.R. 2578, shall self-radicalizing. And what vehicle is would urge my colleagues to respect be brought to a close? doing the self-radicalization? It is the the views—maybe not mine, maybe not The yeas and nays are mandatory Internet. the chairman of the Select Committee under the rule. We are not asking for content here; on Intelligence, but let’s respect the The clerk will call the roll. we are just asking for usage, the same views of those who are entrusted with The bill clerk called the roll. way we can do with financial records, defending this Nation. I believe we Mr. CORNYN. The following Senator the same way we can do with telephone should give them this authority. is necessarily absent: the Senator from records. This is an important tool. This debate will go on, I say to my Idaho (Mr. CRAPO). How could anyone—and I say this friend from Oregon. There will be other Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the with great respect for the Senator from areas where there is tension between Senator from Indiana (Mr. DONNELLY), Oregon. He is a passionate and articu- the right of every citizen to privacy the Senator from California (Mrs. FEIN- late advocate for what he believes in, and the requirement to defend this Na- STEIN), and the Senator from New Jer- and he has my respect and friendship. tion because we are facing a challenge sey (Mr. MENENDEZ) are necessarily ab- But I ask, in all due respect, after the the likes of which we have never seen sent. events of the last few days, when we before, and that is this whole thing of The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. SUL- know that attacker was self- self-radicalization and people who are LIVAN). Are there any other Senators in radicalized—and what did he use for it? sneaking into this country to commit the Chamber desiring to vote? He used the Internet. acts of terror, which has the entire The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 58, I don’t know if that attack could American public concerned—San nays 38, as follows: have been prevented, but I know that Bernardino, Orlando. [Rollcall Vote No. 108 Leg.] attacks can be prevented because that I hope the Senator from Oregon and YEAS—58 is the view of the chairman of the Se- those who will vote no on this amend- Alexander Graham Reed lect Committee on Intelligence, the Di- ment understand that in the view of Ayotte Grassley Reid rector of the Federal Bureau of Inves- the experts on terrorism in this Barrasso Hatch Risch tigation, the Director of the CIA, and world—absolutely are convinced there Blunt Heitkamp Roberts Boozman Hoeven Rounds the Director of National Intelligence, will be further attacks. Shouldn’t we Burr Inhofe Rubio who are not interested in taking away give them this fundamental tool, this Capito Isakson Sasse our liberties but are interested in car- basic tool they have asked for? I be- Casey Johnson Scott Cassidy King Sessions rying out their fundamental respon- lieve they respect all Americans’ right Coats Kirk Shelby sibilities, which happen to be to pro- to privacy as well. Cochran Klobuchar Sullivan Collins Lankford tect this Nation. I urge my colleagues to vote aye on Thune So all I can say to my colleagues is this amendment, and then we can move Corker Manchin Cornyn McCain Tillis that we need to protect the rights of on to other ways to help our enforce- Cotton McCaskill Toomey all of our citizens. We can’t intrude in ment agencies and our intelligence Cruz Mikulski Vitter their lives. This constant tension will agencies defend this Nation against Enzi Moran Warner Ernst Nelson Whitehouse go on between the right of privacy and this threat, which is not going away. Fischer Perdue Wicker national security, and I think there are Mr. President, I believe my time has Flake Portman gray areas we need to debate and come expired. NAYS—38 to agreement on finally over time, but The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ator from New Mexico. Baldwin Gardner Murray this issue is, honestly, a no-brainer. Bennet Gillibrand Paul When the Director of the Federal Bu- Mr. HEINRICH. Mr. President, has Blumenthal Heinrich Peters reau of Investigation, who is probably all the time expired? Booker Heller Sanders one of the most respected individuals The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time Boxer Hirono Schatz Brown Kaine in America, admired and respected by has expired. Schumer Mr. HEINRICH. I ask unanimous con- Cantwell Leahy Shaheen all of us, is saying this is one of his Cardin Lee Stabenow sent to speak for 2 minutes. Carper Markey highest priorities in order to protect Tester Coons McConnell Mr. MCCAIN. I object. Udall America, then I think we should listen Daines Merkley The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- Warren to him. When the Director of the CIA Durbin Murkowski tion is heard. Wyden says they are planning further attacks Franken Murphy CLOTURE MOTION on the United States of America and NOT VOTING—4 Europe, we should give them the tools Pursuant to rule XXII, the Chair lays before the Senate the pending cloture Crapo Feinstein they need to prevent that. When the Donnelly Menendez Director of National Intelligence testi- motion, which the clerk will state. The bill clerk read as follows: The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this fies before the Committee on Armed CLOTURE MOTION vote, the yeas are 58, the nays are 38. Services that there will be further at- Three-fifths of the Senators duly cho- tacks, shouldn’t we give them this ru- We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the sen and sworn not having voted in the dimentary tool, which, according to Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby affirmative, the motion is rejected. the chairman of the Select Committee move to bring to a close debate on Senate The Republican leader. on Intelligence, was basically an over- amendment No. 4787 to amendment No. 4685 Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I sight? Shouldn’t we correct that, and to Calendar No. 120, H.R. 2578, an act making enter a motion to reconsider the vote. can’t we protect the rights of every in- appropriations for the Departments of Com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo- dividual and every American and still merce and Justice, Science, and Related tion is entered. enact this really modest change, Agencies for the fiscal year ending Sep- Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, I sug- which, although in some ways modest, tember 30, 2016, and for other purposes. Mitch McConnell, Chuck Grassley, Orrin gest the absence of a quorum. according to the Director of the FBI, is G. Hatch, John Thune, Thad Cochran, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The of his highest priorities? Marco Rubio, Tom Cotton, Richard clerk will call the roll. So let’s listen. Let’s listen to those Burr, Pat Roberts, Thom Tillis, Mike The legislative clerk proceeded to whom we entrust our Nation’s security Rounds, John Cornyn, John Barrasso, call the roll. to after going through the confirma- Deb Fischer, Cory Gardner, Shelley Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I ask tion process and the approval or dis- Moore Capito, Johnny Isakson. unanimous consent that the order for approval of the Members of this body, The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan- the quorum call be rescinded. who are then entrusted with the sol- imous consent, the mandatory quorum The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without emn obligation of defending this Na- call has been waived. objection, it is so ordered.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.010 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4438 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 COMPREHENSIVE ADDICTION AND RECOVERY BILL tion is it helps them in training how to in CARA, and we should incorporate Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. President, I rise use naloxone and Narcan more effec- those. One I like particularly is lifting today to talk about the heroin and pre- tively and provides them the ability to the cap on Suboxone so we can expand scription drug epidemic that is tearing have that to be able to take these over- the number of patients who can be families apart and devastating commu- dose increases we have seen in all of treated by a doctor for an opioid de- nities in every one of the States rep- our States—be able to save lives. pendency. Suboxone, like methadone, resented in this Chamber. So this legislation is comprehensive. is one of the treatment methods that I rise today for the 10th time since It is needed. We now have the funding are used. That cap should be raised. this body, the Senate, passed CARA— in place. Should there be more funding? There seems to be a bipartisan con- the Comprehensive Addiction and Re- Yes, I think so. But this is an awfully sensus about that. covery Act—by a vote of 94 to 1. It took good start, to have a 93-percent in- I am hopeful that we can quickly re- us 21⁄2 weeks on the floor to get that crease and an increase already for this solve the differences we have between done. It took 3 years of work to build year. the House and Senate bills, pick up the up the right consensus, but we got it There is no excuse for us not getting good parts of the House bill, keep it done. The House then proceeded over this conference committee completed comprehensive, and get it to the Presi- time to pass 18 separate bills dealing and taking the comprehensive Senate dent’s desk for his signature. I am en- with this issue, and now we are in con- bill and merging it with the individual couraged that the conference is getting ference with the House. House bills and getting it to the Presi- going. Last week I thanked Senator As I have said in every speech I have dent’s desk for his signature. The com- MCCONNELL, the majority leader, for given over the last 10 weeks we have prehensive approach is the only way to naming the conferees on the Senate been in session since that time, we do this. side. There has already been a lot of need to move and move quickly, and The acting U.S. attorney for North- good work done, and now we have the there is no excuse for inaction. I am ern Ohio said it well. Her name is Car- conferees officially named on both going to continue to come to the floor ole Rendon. She is involved with it, sides. Again, there is no excuse for not and talk to my colleagues on both sides folks. She is in the trenches. She said: moving forward. of the aisle, leadership on both sides of ‘‘The only way we can stem this tide is I was very concerned yesterday when the Capitol, on this issue until we get with a comprehensive approach.’’ I I heard a news report from National it done. Why? Because this is an emer- couldn’t agree more. Public Radio about a White House A lot of us, including my friends and gency. This is not just another issue meeting with some Democratic Mem- allies on the outside, are interested in that Congress should take up; this is bers of Congress about potentially this issue. There are 130 national one that is affecting every single com- stalling CARA, the Comprehensive Ad- groups who have supported this legisla- munity in America. Sadly, it is getting diction and Recovery Act. One White tion. Virtually every group in the worse, not better. House legislative aide is quoted in the country involved in prevention, edu- Every week when I come to the floor, story as saying, ‘‘We need to slow down cation, treatment, recovery, and law unfortunately, I come with new news. I the conference enough so that the enforcement has supported this. But come with information that has come White House . . . can bring it back to they are concerned about the House to my attention since my previous talk the American people. . . . We need . . . versions—the 18 separate bills versus on the floor about what is happening in help in slowing it down.’’ The piece the comprehensive bill—because the our communities, and I will do that went on to say that some of the Demo- House versions do not deal effectively again today. cratic Members who went down to the with this issue of recovery. Treatment There is some good news, and that is White House ‘‘were eager to help’’ to and recovery need to go hand in hand. that since I spoke on the floor last By the way, without recovery, the slow it down. I hope that is not accu- week, the Senate Appropriations Com- legislation is not comprehensive. It is rate. I can’t believe it would be. Delay- mittee has voted to increase funding to called the Comprehensive Addiction ing might be a good way to score some deal with this opioid issue—this is her- and Recovery Act for a reason. We political points, but it is terrible pol- oin, prescription drugs, and this new know that funding the right kinds of icy. It is the wrong thing to do, and it fentanyl, which is a synthetic form of recovery programs will work to help is a disservice to the millions of Ameri- heroin that is gripping our commu- people get back on track and bring cans who are suffering across this nities—and the funding increase was their families back together and keep country from the consequences of ad- made as a commitment by the Senate them away from some of the aspects we diction and who are waiting for relief. Appropriations Committee on a bipar- all know about. The No. 1 cause of acci- They have been patient so far, but tisan basis to have a 93-percent in- dental death in the State of Ohio is these 130 groups I talked about are get- crease in funding as compared to this overdoses. It is probably the No. 1 ting increasingly impatient, and I year. cause of accidental death in the coun- don’t blame them. I am too. This bill is This year we also saw an increase in try, from the data we recently re- about saving lives. Delay means the funding. Thanks to the leadership of ceived. We have to be sure that recov- status quo continues. some of the Members in this body, we ery works. On average, 129 Americans lose their increased the funding for this year, and CARA offers critical resources to de- lives every day. We had 129 families we have increased it again for next velop recovery support services for in- come to the Capitol a few weeks ago to year. That is the good news, but we dividuals and families working to over- make that point—the CARA family have to be sure the money is properly come addiction. It promotes recovery group—to be able to let Members know spent. programs in high schools and colleges this is something we need to act on That is what CARA is about. It is an that, sadly, are needed. now. Every day five Ohioans, on aver- authorization bill, and it says that At Ohio State University, we happen age, lose their lives. That is one every going forward, let’s be sure we are to have a model recovery program. 12 minutes at the national level. In the spending it on evidence-based treat- Sarah Nerad, who is a brave young 103 days since we passed CARA in this ment and recovery that actually works woman, started it. It is something Chamber with a 94-to-1 vote, during to make a difference to get people back other schools are now emulating. It those 103 days, that means 12,000 Amer- on track; let’s be sure we are spending started with a couple of people, and it icans have lost their lives to overdoses it on the kinds of things that keep peo- has grown and grown in Ohio State. Re- from heroin and prescription drugs. ple from getting into the funnel of ad- covering addicts can come together and Again, the overdoses don’t tell the diction in the first place—again, evi- talk among themselves in a support story. As horrific as that is, it is a dence-based prevention and education; group. These are college students. This much bigger story. It is about all the let’s be sure we are helping our law en- is something that has been very helpful casualties—people who may not have forcement and helping our health offi- at the college and high school level be- overdosed and died, but they are cas- cials. cause it is needed. ualties. They have been torn apart The reason the Fraternal Order of There are some good ideas in the 18 from their families. They have been Police strongly supports this legisla- bills passed by the House that were not torn apart from their work. They have

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.015 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4439 been driven to crime, such as theft, to always another election. But delaying of prescription drug monitoring, we support their habit. They do feel as CARA is unacceptable. Partisanship is have tried to help pass legislation on though there is no hope for them. Nine not going to help people who are suf- interstate prescription drug moni- out of ten people who are addicted are fering to find treatment. It is not going toring. not getting treatment. This is hap- to heal our families. It is not going to But this legislation, this CARA legis- pening right now. The price of delay is educate our kids so they don’t become lation, is what is needed now. There is those people are not getting the help addicted. If we want to show the Amer- no good reason to keep these families they need. The longer we delay, the ican people we can accomplish some- who are affected waiting. longer this epidemic continues to get thing that really makes our commu- We can have a conversation about worse. nities better, we will get CARA to the funding. Again, I am for more funding. Maybe some of those who want to President as soon as possible. I have voted that way. This 93-percent delay CARA don’t realize how urgent We have kept this legislation com- increase in funding this year and in the this crisis is. I know there is a lot pletely nonpartisan, not just partisan. next appropriations bill for next year is going on right now, and maybe they We brought in major experts from a great step forward. are distracted by other issues. Maybe around the country. We had five con- Respectfully, let me just say again they don’t know the statistics. Maybe ferences over a 3-year period. We gath- that this issue is not like everything they don’t know the stories of the fam- ered ideas from Democrats and Repub- else we face around here. This is ur- ilies broken up, the lives cut short, or licans. If anyone had a good idea, we gent. We have to move, and we have to those who are casualties to this. Maybe didn’t ask where it came from. We move now. they don’t know the faces behind these asked if it was a good idea, if it would Will it solve the problem? No. The statistics. help to address this problem. That is problem is not going to be solved from Again, just since last week when I the way things are supposed to work. Washington, but Washington can be a spoke last time, we have new informa- We had strong help from the White better partner in addressing the issue tion that is troubling. We know now House Director of National Drug Con- right now, and it is a growing issue. that the Centers for Disease Control trol Policy, Michael Botticelli, who has Whether I am in a suburb, a rural and Prevention is warning that the stated repeatedly we need a com- area, or the inner city in Ohio—no heroin epidemic is actually driving the prehensive solution and was quoted as matter where I am, I hear from people threat of HIV and hepatitis C, includ- saying: about this issue. I have a tele-townhall ing in my own area of Southwest Ohio. There is clear evidence that a comprehen- tonight. I will hear about it. We now know that. So this is about A few weeks ago in our tele-townhall, heroin and prescription drugs, but it is sive response looking at multidimensional aspects of this that are embedded in CARA a gentleman called in and wanted to also about hepatitis C, and it is also are tremendously important. . . . We know talk about the treatment options in about HIV. that we need to do more, and I think all of CARA. He seemed to know a lot about Maybe they don’t know about the those components put forward in CARA are it. I asked him why he knew so much drug traffickers sentenced last week in critically important to make headway in about this, if he wouldn’t mind talking Lima, OH, for trafficking $300,000 worth terms of this epidemic. about it, reminding him there were of heroin and 20,000 injections’ worth of That is the White House drug czar. I probably 25,000 people on the call at the heroin. hope the White House staffer who was time and that he was being heard by a Maybe they don’t know about Stosh quoted as saying ‘‘Let’s delay’’ actu- lot of people. He told his story, which Simcak of Euclid, OH, outside Cleve- ally talks to the drug czar. unfortunately was a story you hear land. He was a star athlete in soccer Nearly every Democrat in this Cham- and football. He was a charismatic, tal- way too commonly in my State of ber voted in support of CARA, and I Ohio. His daughter—in and out of ented, and joyful young man. In high commend them for that. Democrats school, he started to experiment with treatment and, in her case, in and out were indispensable in crafting it. They of the criminal justice system—had de- drugs. He started with marijuana and were involved at the very start. ecstasy and prescription pain killers. cided to seek treatment. She went, she SHELDON WHITEHOUSE is the coauthor He got addicted to opioids and then couldn’t get in, and 14 days later she of this legislation with me. He has a turned to heroin because it is less ex- died of an overdose. real passion for this. He has a heart for pensive and more available. His rela- According to one poll, 3 in 10 Ohioans it. He understands the pain these fami- tionship with his family suffered, of know someone who is struggling with lies who lost a loved one feel. He under- course, as it almost always does. The an opioid addiction. Family members, stands the casualties of this epidemic. drug becomes everything. At times, his friends, coworkers, fellow parishioners, He gets it. relationship was broken altogether. He their neighbors—those family members AMY KLOBUCHAR has also been very had a hard time getting a job and keep- are hurting too. It is almost unbear- involved, KELLY AYOTTE on our side, ing a full-time job. Finally, he agreed able to watch a loved one suffer and others. This has been something he needed help. His parents unsuccess- through this disease, and it is a disease fully tried to get him into five dif- from the start—again, not just par- in that it requires treatment. ferent rehabilitation centers. Often tisan but nonpartisan. It has been a Ohioans are taking action—and ap- there was no room. He was arrested group effort. That is one reason I think propriate action too. I commend them with a felony drug charge. He posted we have received so much good support for that. bond and was released. He told his dad because we came up with the right In Warren, OH, the Braking Point Steve in a text message: ideas. These groups around the country Recovery Center recently held its an- who worked for us on that realize it is I don’t want to lose my family. I lost nual Walk Against Heroin. Nicholas enough already. . . . I want to be the son you going to make a difference. Story and Emily Smith, who are in re- can be proud of if it’s not too late. I have been involved with this issue covery from addiction, bravely spoke That was the last time Steve ever of drug abuse and addiction for more at that rally about their experiences heard from his son. Within 48 hours, he than two decades. Twenty-two years and how this epidemic is affecting died of an overdose. ago, a mom came to my office and said them. Nicholas spoke about how much Maybe those who support delaying her son had just died of an overdose. happier he is now that he is in recov- CARA don’t know about Dan Durbin What was I doing? That got me en- ery, saying: ‘‘My life has improved so from Delphos, OH. It is a small town. gaged. I am the author of the Drug- much it is amazing.’’ Emily talked He reports setting up on the front lawn Free Communities Act, the Drug-Free about how her mother, some of her for his daughter’s high school gradua- Media Campaign Act, and the Drug- cousins, and friends have suffered from tion party recently and seeing in the Free Workplace Act. addiction. Some have died of overdoses. alley right next door a heroin deal tak- In this Chamber I have been the au- I commend them for having the cour- ing place in front of these high school thor of other legislation, including age to speak up and to spread aware- students. with DIANNE FEINSTEIN, to stop these ness about this epidemic. I know it is an even-numbered year, synthetic drugs and to make sure they Raymond Sansota of Euclid, OH, also meaning it is an election year. There is are scheduled as illegal drugs. In terms spoke about losing his son, Josh, to a

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.016 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4440 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 heroin addiction. He was a star athlete, so it can start to help those millions of four Pinocchios for the way that played point guard, and was a 4-year who are struggling. Delay is not an op- they falsely twisted information to fit letterman in high school. He was an ac- tion. their narrative. Pinocchio means they olyte in his Catholic parish. He was I yield back the remainder of my have studied it, they have looked at it, known for his sense of humor, for his time. and they have decided what they said musical and artistic talents. He had a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- wasn’t true. good job at a rubber company in Mid- ator from Oklahoma. The left was given a chance for the dlefield, OH, but he became addicted to Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask Senate to vote on their gun control prescription drug painkillers. Eventu- unanimous consent to be recognized for proposals, which would not have pre- ally, like so many others, he switched such time as I may consume as in vented this terrorist act from hap- to the less expensive, more accessible morning business. pening, and their proposals ultimately option, which was heroin. He overdosed The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without failed to progress in the Senate. Mean- at the age of 31. objection, it is so ordered. while, Democrats voted against the Raymond, thank you for speaking up. Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, let me amendments that would strengthen our At Barnesville High School in just say that my friend from Ohio is gun laws and keep guns out of the Barnesville, OH, OhioHealth Services, truly passionate. hands of terrorists while protecting the Barnesville Hospital, and Crossroads In the years I have been here, I have rights of due process. Counseling Services held a townhall not heard of anyone who is stronger Over the past week, you have heard about the heroin epidemic, bringing to- and has a better understanding of this my friends on the left say that if you gether doctors, lawyers, law enforce- issue than the Senator from Ohio. I can’t fly, you shouldn’t be able to buy ment, and public health officials. find myself listening as he speaks and a gun. Well, this sounds good, and a lot Judge Frank Fregiato spoke there, reflecting. of the media has kind of bought into and he said: ‘‘Rich, poor, black, white, I hear the same things. It is not just this idea, but you can’t take away the educated, non-educated, political, non- in Ohio; it is in my meetings that I fact that flying is a privilege in this political, whatever you are, your fam- have in Oklahoma. I am glad he has country and gun ownership is a right ily is at risk.’’ that passion, pleased he does, and I that is guaranteed by the Constitution. He is right. That is why we can’t af- wish him success. That is a huge difference. You cannot ford to delay. Mr. PORTMAN. I thank the Senator. take away a constitutionally protected Today I was talking to two high MASS SHOOTING IN ORLANDO AND FIGHTING right without notice and a fair and im- school principals who came to me at TERRORISM partial hearing. our weekly coffee in Ohio. They in- Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I have to Denying someone their civil rights formed me they had lost six of their re- get on the record after the events of based on secret lists is unconstitu- cent graduates to this issue and that the last week and the claims that some tional. I think everyone knows that, they are holding a townhall on this of my colleagues made on the Senate and it will be struck down by the subject soon at that high school. floor and that the mainstream media courts. Everybody knows that, but it On Saturday, in Stark County, doz- have published about the horrific event sounds so good right now to say every- ens of motorcyclists participated in the in Orlando. one is going to want to be for gun con- second annual Families Against The Before we had all the facts about trol. One of the things people forget is Heroin Epidemic Rally in Stark. Fami- what happened in Orlando last Sunday, they are trying to pass laws that are lies Against The Heroin Epidemic people on the left were blaming Con- going to offend the rights of gun own- Rally is also F.A.T.H.E.R.S.; gress, and people on the left were blam- ers when, by definition, a criminal F.A.T.H.E.R.S. is the acronym. These ing Republicans. They were blaming all breaks laws, a terrorist breaks laws. fathers and those who support them gun owners who were out there, and Consequently, you would have only raised money for addiction treatment, they were blaming anyone they could those individuals who are law-abiding for treatment for education, and for think of for this terrorist attack. The citizens complying with the law. law enforcement. I thank everyone who actual person responsible for killing 49 It is a very simple concept. Again, participated in this motorcycle ride people that day is Omar Mateen, an Is- everyone knows that, but given the ir- and everyone who is doing their part to lamic terrorist. refutable evidence of Mateen’s motiva- stop this epidemic. There is something wrong with this tions, many wonder why the adminis- That event was founded by Larry and aversion they have to talking about tration, supported by the Democrats, is Kara Vogt of Perry Township. Their the real cause of these tragedies that so focused on policies that don’t ad- sons had recovered from a heroin addic- are going on right now around the Na- dress the core cause of this horrific tion, and he is in transitional housing. tion. By immediately politicizing this act—terrorism and the influence of As Larry puts it: ‘‘If you aren’t af- act of terrorism, the left has denied the radical Islam here in the United States fected by this now, you will be.’’ victims, their families, and their of America. I know the scope of this epidemic can friends our full attention and our care. The answer is simple. Focusing on sometimes feel overwhelming, but They have denied the Nation a period the root cause and Mateen’s motiva- there is hope. There are many stories of mourning for those we lost at the tions will only further expose the fact of people who have found themselves in hands of a terrorist who pledged alle- that the policies of this administra- the funnel of this addiction, the grip of giance to the Islamic state. tion, supported by most of his own this addiction, and have found hope Last week my colleagues on the party in Congress, have been a com- through treatment and recovery. There other side of the aisle participated in a plete failure. Time and again, the are many who are now helping others filibuster against gun rights, and they President’s rhetoric on ISIL, terrorism, to get treatment. have continued to demonize those who and the threat to America is proven Michael Evans of Columbus, OH, is still believe in the Constitution and wrong in reality. an example of that. He had chronic the rights that it protects. I am not In January of 2014, the President re- back pain. He had Percocet and just talking about gun rights, I am ferred to ISIL as a JV squad and OxyContin and became addicted. Now talking about the right to due process, downplayed their threat and influence. he is helping others. He has been clean the right to be innocent until proven Yet just 4 days before he dismissed and sober for more than a year. He is guilty. ISIL as a minor player in the Middle beating it because he got treatment. In fact, in their effort to twist this East, they had captured and raised the Again, it is time for us to act. Again, act of terrorism into a need to curtail flag over Fallujah, where our marines I have told stories just from the last our constitutional rights, the Wash- fought and died. week of what is happening around the ington Post—we are talking about the My State director is Brian Hackler. I country and in my home State of Ohio. Washington Post. That is not one of first met Brian Hackler when I was in There is no excuse. We need to act the more conservative publications Fallujah. That was right after—we all quickly to find common ground, to get around. They gave the arguments that remember; I am sure the Presiding Of- a comprehensive bill to the President they were using against guns three out ficer remembers—they were taking the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.017 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4441 fingerprints of the heroic people who mittee, in light of the administration’s Law enforcement across the country were risking their lives to vote over talking points, and it should have all of takes part in this program so they can there, and we won in Fallujah. It was us seeking ways to ensure they are not do their job of keeping criminals off like World War II, door-to-door com- successful. However, policy proposals the streets. However, their efforts are bat. We actually won. to combat these threats—extra vetting continually frustrated by liberal activ- Brian Hackler came back. I hired him of the refugees, pausing the refugee ists seeking to shield those same crimi- after he came back. He is doing a great program, the stepping up of border pro- nals from the consequences of their ac- job for me now. When I called him and tection and enforcing our immigrations tions. We should stand with our friends I had to tell him that we had lost laws through visa enforcement—are all in law enforcement, in their commu- Fallujah after we had Fallujah in our ignored by this administration. They nities, who are working every day to hands, he literally cried. He had friends would rather paint us, the Republicans, ensure our safety and the safety of oth- who died over there. as arms dealers to terrorists and yet ers. Furthermore, the President failed to remain silent on the President’s deal Whether criminal immigrants are recognize the threat posed by the Mus- with Iran, the No. 1 state sponsor of here illegally or legally, it should not lim Brotherhood. President Obama cre- terrorism. be controversial to deny them the ated the vacuum in the Middle East I can remember when the President, privilege of staying in our country, and that gave rise to ISIL. with the Secretary of State, put to- we should remove them from our com- He downplayed Benghazi. I remember gether the deal with Iran. This was munities until they are removed from he tried to blame it on a video. I can going to see Iran all of a sudden our country. When we refuse to do it, remember that because I talked to change. Today, Iran is still the chief we reward their behavior and give James Clapper, and I talked to all of supplier of terrorist activity around them an opportunity to continue to the intelligence people right after that the world. Yet we released billions of commit violent crimes. Why is this such a big deal? In 2014— happened. I did so because of my posi- dollars to them through this deal that and people heard this way back in 2014 tion at that time as ranking member was made. on the Armed Services Committee. It is interesting. I happened to be on but they have forgotten it. During the year of 2014, the Obama administration They all said at the time of Benghazi the USS—I can’t remember which one released over 30,000 criminal aliens they knew that it was a terrorist at- it was, one of the aircraft carriers in from custody, and by July of last tack. It had nothing to do with the the Persian Gulf at the same time this year—so now we are talking about in video. deal was being put together by the the first 6 months after they released The President also said that ISIL was President and by the Secretary of 30,000 criminal aliens—1,800 of them contained hours before the attack on State. That is when we found that went on to commit over 2,500 new Paris. there was an Iranian ship that was car- The threat to our country and our se- crimes. rying weapons from North Korea to That may not be believable, and be- curity is increasing—Fort Hood, Bos- Yemen at the very time they were cause it is not believable, a lot of peo- ton, San Bernardino, and now Orlando. pledging their love for us and they ple don’t believe it, but it actually hap- The attacks are not the fault of the were working with us in this program. pened. It is a fact the Obama adminis- West, they are the fault of radical Their deal with Iran is giving them tration released over 30,000 criminal Islam. Somehow the administration the resources necessary to support ter- aliens, and 6 months later, 1,800 of can’t say it. They can’t say radical rorism. ISIL and similar radical groups them—that we know of, probably more Islam. seek to extinguish our freedoms and to than that—went on to commit crimes. Most recently we heard from the terrorize, kill, and oppress anyone who Instead of deporting people who White House that ISIL is retreating. lives counter to their extreme ide- shouldn’t be here, the administration This is from President Obama—that ology. No matter how they carry out released them back onto our streets, ISIL is retreating, it is declining and their evil, their mission will always be where they committed new, prevent- losing territory and losing funds, but superseded by our Nation’s laws. We able crimes, including assault, sex of- just last week CIA Director John Bren- have to protect the Constitution, sup- fenses, kidnappings, and even homi- nan testified before the Senate Select port law-abiding citizens’ rights to due cide. Committee on Intelligence, and he process and to bear arms and to focus Between 2010 and 2015, we had 135 pre- said: ‘‘Our efforts have not reduced on the real threat: Islamic terrorism, ventable homicides occur in our com- ISIL’s terrorism capability and global radical Islam. munities across the country by crimi- reach.’’ Furthermore, Brennan went on I just wish the administration would nal aliens who had been released by to say: ‘‘ISIL is probably exploring a talk about this—this greatest threat to this administration. Now, this is very variety of means for infiltrating our Nation. We are doing something— difficult to believe, and certainly it is operatives into the West, including the though this is totally unrelated, but it not acceptable. The excuse the admin- refugee flows, smuggling routes and is something that happened in my istration uses is two little known Su- the legitimate methods of travel.’’ State of Oklahoma earlier this week. preme Court cases that determined That is a quote from him. So we have Earlier this week, the county commis- criminal aliens cannot be detained in the President on one hand saying it is sioners in my city of Tulsa and in my the United States for more than 6 contained, we are successful, ISIL is State of Oklahoma voted to renew a months while awaiting deportation. disappearing, at the same time the CIA memorandum of understanding with However, there are many factors which Director he appointed is telling us the ICE—that is Immigration and Customs can prevent a deportation from taking truth—that we are losing, and this is Enforcement—to detain their inmates place within the 6-month period. serious. and train local deputies to refer It is interesting that excuse is being I have looked back wistfully at the threats of violent criminals to the Fed- used, and in order to take away this ex- good old days of the Cold War. I never eral authorities. cuse, I introduced the Keep Our Com- thought I would say ‘‘the good old days Entering into a memorandum of un- munities Safe Act during the past two of the Cold War,’’ but in reality we are derstanding—an MOU—had been a rou- Congresses, and I am introducing it in a much greater threatened position tine procedure until last week, when it today as an amendment—amendment today than we ever were in the Cold was derailed by illegal immigrant ac- No. 4732—to the CJS appropriations War. In the Cold War, we had two su- tivists—the same type of activists we bill. This legislation would allow the perpowers. We knew what they had. see across the country pushing sanc- Department of Homeland Security to They knew what we had. We were pre- tuary policies, policies to give sanc- petition the courts to hold a criminally dictable. It was mutually assured de- tuary to terrorists and policies to pro- convicted alien for a renewable 6- struction. That doesn’t mean anything tect criminal aliens, allowing them to month period until deportation occurs, anymore. These people want to break continue committing crimes against if the Secretary deems the alien would the law. our citizens such as the one we saw be a threat to national security or the It was incredible testimony John with the murder of Kate Steinle in San safety of the community, among other Brennan gave before the Senate com- Francisco almost a year ago. reasons.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.018 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4442 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 We are talking about communities. With that, I suggest the absence of a Democratic colleagues engaging in a This is back home. This is my commu- quorum. filibuster, in an impassioned series of nity. This is where this is happening The PRESIDING OFFICER. The speeches about how important it was and throughout America. Some organi- clerk will call the roll. that we do something. My message was zations, such as the ACLU and other The legislative clerk proceeded to simply this: Let’s stop talking, and liberal organizations, believe this bill call the roll. let’s actually do it. Let’s actually find amounts to indefinite detention, in vio- Mr. TOOMEY. Madam President, I the mechanism, find the solution here. lation of a criminal’s due process ask unanimous consent that the order There are two aspects we need to rights. However, in addition to the for the quorum call be rescinded. consider, in my view, in this legisla- specified circumstances of continued The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tion. One is that we want to block a detention I just mentioned, this bill re- objection, it is so ordered. terrorist from buying a firearm. I don’t quires the Secretary of the Department COMPROMISE GUN LEGISLATION think that should be terribly con- of Homeland Security—that is what Mr. TOOMEY. Madam President, I troversial. But the second thing that is they are supposed to be doing—to re- rise this afternoon to discuss the pend- also very important to me—and I think certify the person is a threat every 6 ing legislation that would prevent ter- to many of our colleagues—is to make months. In other words, if this person rorists from being able to legally pur- sure that an innocent American who is is a threat, rather than automatically chase guns. This general topic of back- wrongly put on the list has the oppor- turning them loose in 6 months, he can ground checks for legal firearms sales tunity to clear his or her name so that recertify the fact they are a threat and is not new to me. It is an issue I have their Second Amendment rights are every 6 months continue to keep them. been wrestling with for some years not infringed upon. That is the chal- Furthermore, an alien can submit evi- now. Shortly after the horrific murders lenge, it seems to me, and it is not dence for review of his or her detention at Sandy Hook Elementary School, my rocket science. This is something we and will still have access to our courts, Democratic colleague, Senator JOE can do. giving judges a say in the process. MANCHIN from West Virginia, and I So I actually drafted a bill that does We were unable to get this added in teamed up and worked together and that. I think the bill works very, very the last 2 years. I can’t imagine, after produced a bipartisan bill designed to well. Senator COLLINS took a different all the things that have happened just ensure that we would do background approach and used a different mecha- this year—and of course right on the checks for commercial gun sales. So if nism for getting the same result. In the heels of the disaster that just hap- someone wants to buy a firearm end, Senator COLLINS has legislation pened—I can’t imagine people wouldn’t through a commercial mechanism—not now that has significant bipartisan want to do this, do everything they can a private transaction, like from a sib- support. It is a compromise bill that I to keep from turning these people ling or a neighbor or friend, but a com- think strikes the right balance. As I loose. mercial sale—they would be subject to announced yesterday, I intend to sup- I go back and repeat that this admin- a background check so that for the port her legislation. There is no ques- istration turned loose 30,000 criminal very criminals who have forfeited their tion—it is an objective fact—that if aliens onto the streets—this was in the Second Amendment rights and those Senator COLLINS’ legislation becomes year of 2014—and in the first 6 months who are dangerously mentally ill who law, the Attorney General will have a in the following year, they had actu- also should not have guns, we would tool that the Attorney General does ally committed more crimes. find a mechanism to prevent the sales. not have today. It is a tool that will So there is this thing about turning That was legislation that I worked on stop terrorists from being able to le- people loose. It is very similar to what with Senator MANCHIN. As I said, it was gally buy a gun. It is as simple as that. the administration is doing in Gitmo. bipartisan. It still marks the closest That is what it does. Importantly, to We passed a law, actually in the com- the Senate has come to passing legisla- me and to many of my colleagues, it mittee. tion dealing with background checks in also provides the mechanisms whereby Let me make an inquiry of the Chair. an innocent law-abiding American who Are we on a time requirement here? a meaningful way in quite some time. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. But we were not successful. It did not is wrongly put on a no-fly list will be ERNST). No, Senator, we are not. pass. able to clear his or her name. I think Mr. INHOFE. The Presiding Officer is Then on June 12, we saw the worst that is very, very important. a member of the Committee on Armed terror attack on American soil since The starting point for the Collins leg- Services who may very well remember 9/11, an unbelievable massacre in Or- islation is that if you are on the no-fly when we passed a law, and that law lando that left 49 people dead and an- list, then you don’t get to buy a gun. said the President was not going to be other 53 grievously wounded. It has Now, let’s think about this. If we deem able to release anyone from Gitmo raised the question of whether now a person to be so dangerous that we until 30 days’ notice is given to the there is an opportunity to do some- deny them the opportunity to board a Senate Committee on Armed Services. thing to make it illegal—make it more commercial plane, should we really The President signed that bill and a difficult, if not impossible—for a ter- allow that person to walk down the matter of hours later released the rorist whom we already deem to be too street, walk into a firearms dealer, and Taliban Five. dangerous to board a plane to buy a buy an AR–15? I don’t think that Everybody remembers the Taliban firearm. makes sense. I think most of us prob- Five. They were the most egregious of There are other things we need to be ably agree. That is a short list, actu- all the terrorists who were in Gitmo. doing—a lot of other things we need to ally, of people we deem to be so dan- We don’t know what they are doing be doing—to keep us safe from the ter- gerous that we don’t let them board a now. Supposedly they are in Qatar or rorists who want to kill Americans. We plane. It is pretty sensible, from my someplace under some supervision, but need to take stronger measures to keep point of view, to also preclude a fire- it happens that the recidivism rate of them from entering the United States arms purchase. those who have been released from in the first place. We need to make Then we have the selectee list. That Gitmo is 30 percent. In other words, 30 sure they can’t escape detention and is a separate list that subjects people percent of those released are back try- capture. We need to make sure that to enhanced scrutiny because there is ing to kill Americans again. local law enforcement is cooperating serious suspicion. It doesn’t quite rise It is unacceptable, and it is very with Federal law enforcement and DHS to the level of the no-fly list, but there similar to this. Whether it is releasing folks. There are a lot of things we can is serious suspicion. So those people people—terrorists from Gitmo—to go do. also would be denied a firearm. Now, as out and kill Americans or releasing But one of the things we can do is the with the approach that I took, Senator people who are criminal aliens from very simple measure that the Collins COLLINS’ legislation has a whole series our cities and towns, it is a problem, a legislation addresses. This is too im- of procedures, policies, and mecha- serious problem, and we are going to portant an issue to be partisan. I took nisms to ensure that if someone is have to address this problem, and we to the Senate floor last week to urge wrongly put on this list, they will have are going to address it. my colleagues. We had a number of our a way to get off the list. We know for

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.019 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4443 a fact that eventually some people will making sure that the bad guys can’t Given that the Senate was able to be put wrongly on the list because peo- buy guns and the good guys get a agree on the seriousness of this prob- ple make mistakes. Governments make chance to clear their name and don’t lem, I would like to give all my col- mistakes. In fact, someone could even have their Second Amendment rights leagues an opportunity today to take try to abuse the list. So we need to infringed. That is what this is about. another step forward—not backward— have a mechanism to make sure that We need to have a vote on this, and on equal pay for equal work. I have an innocent person can have their we need to have a vote soon. I hope we filed an amendment that would provide name taken off. Senator COLLINS, I will have a vote this week. But this is much needed new resources to ensure think, achieves that. She creates an an opportunity for this body to take a this important proposal can be imple- adversarial challenge mechanism in big step forward and get something mented and finalized as quickly as pos- court where the burden of proof is on done with a bipartisan compromise bill sible. I urge our colleagues to support the Federal Government to prove that that makes a lot of sense. We are going the amendment and oppose efforts by the individual who has been denied the to have a test, and I hope this Chamber some in the Republican Party to stand opportunity to buy a gun should be de- will pass the test. in the way of better information and nied that—in other words, that the per- I yield the floor. enforcement on pay equity. son is properly on the list. As in my The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- It should go without saying, but if a legislation, if the individual succeeds ator from Washington. woman still isn’t getting equal pay in in his challenge—if he says: I was de- Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I the 21st century, she deserves to know nied the opportunity to buy this fire- want to start by thanking my col- and she deserves action. This rule arm; I am not the John Smith that you league, Senator MIKULSKI, for her lead- would take critical steps in the right think I am and here is my proof—and ership in the fight for equal pay for direction for women, families, and our the person wins, the U.S. Government equal work. It has been 50 years since country as a whole, and I hope that our would pay all of his reasonable attor- the signing of the Equal Pay Act. But Republican colleagues will not stand in ney’s fees and costs, as should be the despite how far women have come, de- its way. case. The person shouldn’t be finan- spite all the progress women have I yield the floor. cially penalized for simply clearing his made and the ways women contribute The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- or her own name. across our economy, women still only ator from Maryland. Also, there needs to be a meaningful make 79 cents on the dollar. The gap is Ms. MIKULSKI. Madam President, I deadline for a court to make a deci- even wider for women of color: for Afri- rise as an enthusiastic supporter of the sion. In the case of the Collins legisla- can-American women, 60 cents on the Murray amendment requiring the tion it is 14 days. Otherwise, a court dollar; for Native American women, 59 EEOC to implement the change rec- case could go on indefinitely. That cents on the dollar; and for Hispanic ommended by President Obama that wouldn’t be right, either. women, 55 cents on the dollar. would add compensation data to its So the bottom line is simple. This This status quo is not only deeply un- employment data form, and also to legislation is a sensible, reasonable fair to women, but it is also bad for provide it with $1 million to be able to way to achieve the balance that I have families and it is bad for our economy pay for its implementation. been calling for—to make it illegal for because today 60 percent of working First, I would like to salute the Sen- a suspected terrorist, someone we families rely on wages from two earn- ator from Washington State, who has won’t allow to board a plane, to buy a ers. We have to do better. That is why been a longstanding and assertive ad- gun, and, at the same time, to create a I was so pleased when earlier this year vocate of equal pay for equal work for mechanism for someone wrongly put the Equal Employment Opportunity women. I thank her for her ongoing, on the list to clear their name. Commission took a very important persistent advocacy. Last week we had quite a number of step in the right direction with a mod- I so admire this amendment, which our colleagues down here on the Senate est proposal to collect pay data on a insists we develop even better tools to floor. As I said, they were giving im- form that employers already submit in pinpoint those companies with over 100 passioned speeches about how essential order to accomplish one goal—making employees in terms of their pay. it was that we do something. What we sure that we have solid information The Senator from Washington State are going to find out is whether that about how employers pay their male was right there when we passed the was sincere or whether that was polit- and female workers. Lilly Ledbetter bill. She has been right ical. That is what we are going to find This proposal is pretty straight- there as we tried to move to the next out because this legislation achieves forward. It brings new and much need- step on the Paycheck Fairness Act, and exactly what our colleagues said they ed transparency to workplaces and now today she is here to implement the wanted. It may not do it in exactly the might even help businesses address pay EEOC rule that would also help to do same fashion in every little detail. It is gaps that they weren’t even aware ex- the kind of work we need to do to en- not exactly the same as the legislation isted. It would also make enforcement sure that the Equal Pay Act of 1963, a I have proposed. But it is bipartisan. of pay discrimination laws more effec- major civil rights law which guaran- There are, at last count, at least five tive and efficient. Especially when it teed equal pay for equal work, is en- Members of the Democratic caucus who comes to an issue like wage discrimi- forced. We spent days talking about en- are on this bill. There are at least a nation, I would like to think it would forcement of civil rights laws. Let’s en- comparable number of Republicans. be hard to argue against more trans- force the law passed over 50 years ago There are probably more who are going parency and more effective enforce- to guarantee equal pay for equal work. to support this. It is really going to be ment because when women are not get- Here is a quick history. The Lilly a test of whether this body is serious ting equal pay for equal work, we Ledbetter bill kept the courthouse door about what it says it is serious about— should be able to find out about it and open for when people wanted to file whether the folks who came down here we should be able to fix it. wage discrimination based on gender and gave impassioned speeches about It is disappointing that Republicans claims. That courthouse door was how important it is we do something in both the House and the Senate are slammed in the face of Lilly and other really want to get something done, or opposing that proposal. That is abso- women who found out too late about do they want a political message to run lutely the wrong approach. What what they were paid. We kept the ads about? I hope it is the former. makes this even more surprising is courthouse door open. Then, we intro- I hope we are going to be able to get that just weeks ago I was very proud to duced the Paycheck Fairness Act. The something done. As to Senator COLLINS stand right here to introduce a resolu- Paycheck Fairness Act would get rid of and the other Senators she worked tion in the Senate calling for equal pay the other barriers to women getting with, I appreciate the input she took for equal work for the U.S. women’s equal pay for equal work. from me and my office to craft a sen- national soccer team. It was a resolu- One of the biggest barriers is that sible, workable compromise bill that tion that recognized the impact of the pay is kept a secret. One of the biggest has bipartisan support that will wage gap on women and the need to fix secrets in the United States, other achieve those two important goals of it, and it passed by voice vote. than national security, is what women

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.021 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4444 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 get paid in the workplace. Let’s keep it tractors, to provide this information. CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOSSIL FUELS our little secret, they say. In fact, in It would go across 10 job categories and Mr. MERKLEY. Madam President, many instances, you have to sign an 12 pay bands, but it would not require global warming is the most grave con- agreement in order to be hired that the reporting of specific salaries of in- cern facing human civilization on this you will not disclose your pay to an- dividual employees. Remember, the re- planet. We are the first generation to other worker. If you do, you can be port is on the basis of job category and see the impact, and that impact is oc- fired. pay band. We won’t know if Suzy curring in so many ways right before We are not talking about small busi- Smith gets paid more or less than Sam us. nesses. We are not talking about those Jones. What we will know is what they In my home State of Oregon, we are mom-and-pop stores like my dad’s gro- are paying computer operators. We will seeing the impact on our forests, which cery store. But I can assure you that know what they are paying lab techni- has resulted in a longer and drier fire my father paid equal pay for equal cians. These are jobs that tend to be season that burns more acreage and work to my mother. But in January, gender neutral. We will know if you are has more lightning strikes. We are see- our President—President Obama—an- working in a call center or a firm that ing smaller snowpacks, and that is hav- nounced that the EEOC would add com- employs 100 people that you would be ing an impact on our agriculture and trout streams. Everyone realizes that a pensation data to its employment data able to do it. Remember, it covers 63 smaller, warmer stream is not a pleas- form that companies must submit an- million people. nually that will help shed light on the ant place for trout to thrive. We are The proposal is broader than one that even seeing it in our Pacific Ocean oys- wage gap across geographic regions and was originally published by the Depart- ters. The oysters are having trouble re- industries. ment of Labor, and it lays important Our colleague from Tennessee, the producing. They are having troubling groundwork for progress towards reproducing because the ocean is more distinguished Senator, Mr. ALEXANDER, achieving equal pay. It will encourage acidic. Because of the wave action, the has introduced an amendment pre- and facilitate greater voluntary com- venting this change from going into ef- oceans have absorbed a lot of the car- pliance by employers dealing with ex- bon dioxide, which has become car- fect. We had dueling amendments. I am isting Federal pay law. It will also as- bonic acid, and the carbonic acid af- for the Murray amendment. It requires sist the EEOC, and in case of contrac- fects the formation of shells. These im- the EEOC to implement the Obama tors, in better focusing investigations pacts are having a steady, detrimental change and provides $1 million to do it. on employers that are unlawfully impact, and it is occurring right before What is the EEO–1 form? It is the em- short-changing workers based on gen- ployer information report that requires our eyes. It is affecting our fishing, der, race, or ethnicity. It wouldn’t go farming, and forestry, and it is an as- companies to submit information an- into effect until September 2017. sault on our resources. It is incumbent nually about their employees based on Why is this important? It covers only on all of us, this generation, to address race, ethnicity, gender, and job cat- companies of 100 or more employees. It these issues. egory. So it is equal pay, equal work. will affect 63 million people. Nobody’s What we know is that the impacts we The form helps identify and prevent personal privacy will be impinged upon have seen in Oregon are being echoed discrimination and protects employees’ because it is information with job cat- in States across the country and na- civil rights. egory and pay band. But it will show, tions across the globe. If you go to the In January, President Obama an- first of all, which are the good-guy Northeast, you might hear folks talk- nounced that companies with over 100 companies. These become the best ing about how the moose are dying be- employees—remember, this is over 100 places to work. My gosh, this can be a cause the ticks aren’t being killed by employees—must include compensa- small recruitment tool. You go to work winters that are cold enough. You tion data on their EEO–1 form that for X company, and they do pay equal might hear about the migration of lob- would identify the wage gap based on pay for equal work. But if it has been sters going north to find colder water, gender and ethnicity across regions. a persistent pattern of egregious viola- and so on and so forth. We are seeing it This change has been strongly sup- tion of unequal pay for doing the same everywhere. ported by many of us, and I support it. job, it enables sparse resources at the We know that in order to prevent the Much is said about the President EEOC to be targeted. temperature of the planet from going overreaching. I don’t get it. Some- One, I say cheers to President Obama up more than 2 degrees Centigrade, times—often, the President is being for taking leadership to get to the real which is about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, criticized on the other side of the aisle facts of the matter, and to pinpoint we have to leave the vast bulk of our for not doing too much—that he is not who the egregious violators are that proven fossil fuel preserves in the a leader, that he is not a fighter, that employ more than 100 people. So, ground. In other words, we have seen a he is not a champion. I take exception again, there is no negative impact on 1-degree increase in temperature Centi- to that. I think he is a leader. I think small business, and it gives no personal grade, which is about 1.8 degrees Fahr- he is a fighter, and I think he is a information, but does give corporate enheit—almost 2 degrees—and that has champion, and he certainly has been information. I think the Obama action come from burning fossil fuels. If we that on behalf of the empowerment of was outstanding, and I think the Mur- keep burning them, it will have a dev- women and girls. What did he do? He ray amendment defending the Obama astating impact and will burn up the exercised his Executive authority to action is exactly what is needed on this planet. We have to stop and quickly declare that the EEOC action on pay bill to take the very important steps of pivot off of fossil fuels. data collection would do this. The ensuring the enforcement of civil We have identified vast reserves of EEOC, in partnership with Department rights laws passed by Presidents Ken- gas, oil, and coal across the planet, of Labor, has a proposal to annually which is worth a lot of money, so of nedy and Johnson that said equal pay collect summary pay data—as I said, in course the owners want to pull it out of for equal work. addition to gender, race, and ethnicity, the ground and sell it to be burned. I am sure there will be additional de- which it already collects—from compa- Somehow we have to find the political bate on this issue. nies with over 100 employees. This pro- will to take this on and leave 80 per- posal would cover 63 million employ- I yield the floor. cent of those proven fossil fuel reserves ees. It stems from a recommendation of I suggest the absence of a quorum. in the ground. That is the magnitude of the President’s Equal Pay Task Force The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the challenge, and we can do all kinds in a Presidential memorandum issued clerk will call the roll. of things that will help. We can in 2014. It will help focus public en- The senior assistant legislative clerk produce more renewable energy, we can forcement of equal pay laws and pro- proceeded to call the roll. produce more conservation, and we can vide better insight into discriminatory Mr. MERKLEY. Madam President, I proceed to find ways to pull carbon out pay practices across industries. ask unanimous consent that the order of smokestacks and store it in the Today the EEOC is proposing revi- for the quorum call be rescinded. ground, or at least we can try. We need sions to its longstanding form to re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to approach it from every possible quire these companies, not just con- objection, it is so ordered. angle.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.023 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4445 I will keep coming to the floor, as I Here we have a lake, and we can see Model S, and now the Model 3. The have before, to talk about keeping it in these floating solar panels. Floating Model 3 will be cost competitive with the ground. I especially wanted to em- solar panels have several potential ad- the Chevy Volt. It is going to be much phasize that because when we simply vantages over land-based panels. One cheaper than their previous cars. Their talk about saving energy—like putting advantage is more efficient cooling, waiting list has already grown beyond more insulation in a building, install- and a second is that they might create 400,000 people—an enormous, unprece- ing double-pane windows, or better less of an eyesore for the public. They dented response. mileage for cars—we aren’t embracing might prevent surface water from Tesla cars, like the Volt and other the size of the challenge we are facing. evaporating, which can be a side effect electric cars, use regenerative braking, It is an extraordinarily difficult chal- that would be useful. but what I wanted to highlight today is lenge, and it is up to our generation to Japanese, Australian, and U.S. com- an effort to apply this in new ways. address it. panies are currently pursuing this UPS, the United Parcel Service, has When I come to the floor, sometimes technology. a fleet of delivery trucks and they have I will be speaking about the math be- There is a planned array—50,904 pan- invested in hybrid electric vehicles and hind the temperature increase, such as els floating on the Yamakura Dam res- they have used regenerative braking. how the amount of carbon dioxide and ervoir in Japan. It would generate Last October, they announced the de- methane in the air is changing the at- 16,000 megawatt hours annually, or to ployment of 18 new delivery vehicles mosphere of our planet. Other times I translate that to something more un- that use regenerative braking to reach will be talking about the calamities we derstandable, they could power 5,000 pretty much close to a zero-emissions are seeing on the ground, things I have homes for a year, so it is significant. In status. They have to take into account already mentioned, such as the pine the United States, there is a winery in the source of the initial electrons that beetles that are thriving because the California, and it goes by the name of are used to charge the trucks. winter is not cold enough to kill the Far Niente. They have combined both In their announcement, they esti- pine beetles and ticks or the coral reefs land and water arrays, and that com- mated those 18 delivery trucks, by that are bleaching across our planet. I bination produces 477 kilowatts of elec- using clean technologies, would save will also highlight emerging tech- tricity at its peak. It is expected to pay 1.1 million gallons of diesel fuel over 20 nologies because we have to realize for itself by 2020, or maybe sooner, so it years. When we start talking about that as much as we talk about the has a high rate of return. These float- anything that includes the word ‘‘mil- problem, we also have to talk about ef- ing panels provide an opportunity for lion,’’ such as 1 million gallons, that is forts to address the problem. I will pick cheaper, out-of-the-way energy genera- a lot of savings from just 18 delivery out various ideas and efforts that are tion that has the potential to protect trucks. appearing in our newspapers and sci- reservoirs from evaporation and water Even more recently, we have an arti- entific literature, and that is what I loss. cle in which Mack Trucks is developing will do today. We must continue to invest and en- the ability to use regenerative braking The first innovation I will highlight courage innovative technologies— on garbage trucks. They have devel- today is about a strategy in Iceland to floating solar panels are one example— oped a new electric hybrid garbage store carbon dioxide in the ground. to make renewable energy adaptable to truck. It incorporates a powertrain This is one of the carbon capture strat- all environments, usable all over the technology developed by Wrightspeed. egies. This is not easy to do, and there world. Wrightspeed powertrains use electric are many different scientists working I thought I would highlight a third motors to drive the wheels of the on different ways to attempt to cap- technology. One of the biggest uses of trucks, and the motors are powered by ture carbon, but this is a new one, so I fossil fuel is vehicles. Vehicles burn batteries on board the trucks, which thought it merited discussion. gasoline and diesel. Oftentimes when are then recharged from the regenera- Scientists at Lamont-Doherty Earth the vehicle finally gets up to speed, it tive braking when the garbage truck Observatory at Columbia University suddenly has to brake for a red light. comes to a stop. invented a way to store carbon dioxide. Let’s say you are traveling at 35 miles The point is, when you have a very It was invented here in America at Co- per hour on an urban road and you sud- heavy truck that accelerates and stops lumbia University. They have found a denly stop. You are wasting enormous often, it wastes a vast amount of en- way to store carbon dioxide by first amounts of energy. All of the momen- ergy, and now they are working to de- dissolving the gas in water and then tum with that mass—that car or sign an effective drive train to recap- storing that water in rocks, where it truck—traveling down the road is then ture that energy. The founder of reacts to form the mineral calcite. The converted primarily into heat through Wrightspeed, Ian Wright, says this new calcite will then store the carbon diox- your brakes. That heat is lost, and it is technology can power these vehicles ide as a solid deep underground. not recaptured. for a substantial distance, and very This project at Columbia University Along the way, as different compa- heavy vehicles—66,000 pounds—it can being experimented with in Iceland is nies started exploring electric cars, power them up pretty steep hills. A 40- called CarbFix. They pumped about 250 they said: We already have electric mo- percent grade is a very steep hill. tons of carbon dioxide, which was tors. We already have a battery sizable The main point is, it is capturing mixed with water, into rocks in 2012. enough to accommodate quite a bit of that energy that would otherwise be When they came back in 2014, they electricity. Why don’t we try to cap- lost every time they stop. If you have found that 95 percent of the carbon di- ture that energy from the braking watched a garbage truck go down the oxide had become calcite. While there process and put it back in the battery? street, it stops, the men and women on are some very specific requirements to What they do is they utilize magnets, board jump off, pick up the garbage make this particular technology work, and as the magnets go through a field, cans, dump them into the truck, and such as the right kind of rock, the that field creates resistance, it pro- then they accelerate and four houses right amount of water, and the carbon duces a current, and that current— later they are stopping again. So this dioxide being generated close to the those electrons are stored in the bat- is a very appropriate application. right kind of rocks, it is an example of tery. This is called regenerative brak- I wonder how much energy would be innovative technology that could prove ing, and we have seen this on a variety saved if every car in America had re- useful as another tool in the fight of electric cars. It just makes sense, generative braking. Almost every car against climate change. since they already have an electric is used in an urban setting where there A second idea that is starting to ex- drive and they have the batteries to ac- is lots and lots of braking. How much pand is to recognize that we can put commodate it. would be saved if our light pickups had solar panels in a variety of places—not We have seen a lot of interest in elec- regenerative braking? How much en- just on the ground and on our rooftops tric cars. Recently, Tesla put out an ergy would be saved if every delivery but also on bodies of water. This was invitation for people to put down $1,000 van that is heavy and starts up and reported in May 2016. This is referred and get in line to buy their Model 3. stops many times—how much would be to as floating solar. They had the Roadster, they had the saved? At some other point, I want to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 23:35 Jun 22, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.024 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4446 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 try to put together a calculation of mittee about what is happening with else in the world with an Internet con- that because it could be a substantial ISIS. He said, ‘‘Our efforts have not re- nection does not see this radical Is- contributor. duced the group’s terrorism capability lamic ideology as victorious. That is Each of these technologies I have and global reach.’’ why we need to pass the appropriations mentioned today—a new strategy on Does the President not believe his act that is on the floor today. Nobody storing carbon dioxide underground, a own CIA Director? believes that using the term ‘‘radical new way of deploying solar panels The CIA Director said that ISIS is Islam’’ will magically defeat the through floating solar panels, an ex- adapting to our efforts, ‘‘and it con- enemy, but words do matter. pansion of the use of regenerative tinues to generate at least tens of mil- It is interesting. I note that in the braking—represent modest efforts in lions of dollars in revenue per month.’’ New York Times op-ed page last Fri- this effort to take on this large chal- He said that ISIL ‘‘will intensify its day, an editorial written by David lenge of global warming. Added to- global terror campaign.’’ Brooks—he is a columnist. The Presi- gether, they can make a great dif- Why does the President of the United dent listens to him. He has him into ference and other technologies to come States—the Commander in Chief— the White House, and he is someone the will make a great difference. refuse to accept the words of the CIA President says he turns to. It is our challenge. It is our genera- Director—his own CIA Director? The David Brooks’ column last Friday tion’s responsibility to pivot quickly CIA Director came to the Senate and starts like this: said that ‘‘ISIS is training and at- off of fossil fuels, and these strategies Barack Obama is clearly wrong when he re- can help. tempting to deploy operatives for fur- fuses to use the word ‘‘Islam’’ in reference to Thank you, Mr. President. ther attacks.’’ Islamic terrorism. The people who commit I yield the floor. Why does the President intentionally these acts are inflamed by a version of an Is- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. try to deceive the American people in lamic ideology. They claim an Islamic iden- TILLIS). The Senator from Wyoming. terms of thinking about what the at- tity. FIGHTING TERRORISM tacks are and what is happening? Why But the President will not say it. Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, last does the President want to say all is Brooks goes on—and I think it is week, flags across the country were well? very informative seeing that it is The CIA Director said that ISIL ‘‘has lowered to half-staff to honor the 49 David Brooks who is writing this: a large cadre of Western fighters who lives which were lost in the terrorist ‘‘Obama is using language to engineer could potentially serve as operatives attack in Orlando. The American flag a reaction rather than to tell the truth, for further attacks.’’ which is the definition of propaganda.’’ also flew at half-staff following ter- The President seems to suggest the The definition of propaganda. That is rorist attacks in Brussels in March, in problem is not coming from the terror- what we have. San Bernardino last December, and in ists but coming from the Second Well, if the President refuses to cor- Paris last November. Amendment of the Constitution. rectly name our enemy, he can’t effec- The flag is a symbol. It has great Whom should we believe, the Presi- meaning and so do words. When we dent of the United States or his CIA tively fight the enemy because Demo- talk about the enemy, the words we Director? Somebody asked the CIA Di- crats don’t understand the enemy, and use have meaning too, but now is not rector at the hearing last week if ISIL it seems they just want everyone to get the time to talk. Now is the time to would be weaker if they didn’t have a along. The world does not work that act. We must take action to stop the safe haven in Syria and in Iraq. The way. So the Democrats tried to change terrorists here and abroad. CIA Director replied: the topic from terrorists to going after our Second Amendment rights. When That is why last week Republicans That is a big, big part of it. We need to were eager to get to work on appropria- take away their safe haven. they do this, they are not confronting tions bills that give the FBI more of Terrorists use these safe havens to the real threat, which is the ability of the resources they need to stop the train, to raise money, and to plot more ISIL to inspire terrorists to act. threats on American soil. The bill that attacks. That should be the focus of If you want to stop the terrorist would give law enforcement officials President Obama and the Obama ad- threat, you need to address the real more tools to help prevent terrorist at- ministration in response to Orlando. problem. We must give law enforce- tacks was brought up and discussed on The administration and the Presi- ment the support they need to stop the the floor, but what did the Democrats dent want to pretend it is succeeding in terrorists here at home. We must give do? They came to the floor and staged getting rid of the safe havens abroad. our military the strength to deprive a campaign-style publicity stunt. That is simply not true. The terrorist the terrorists of their safe havens When Democrats were talking on the army of ISIL controls a significant abroad. The Defense Authorization Act floor, Republicans attended a briefing amount of territory across the globe, and this Justice appropriations legisla- by the FBI Director to listen—not to and it is not just ISIL. There are also tion are important steps toward doing lecture, as Democrats were doing—but additional terrorist groups. that. to listen and to get the facts about the The Director of National Intelligence Symbolic acts like lowering our flag specifics of what happened in Orlando. testified to Congress earlier this year matter, and so do words. Words matter. When Democrats held press conferences that Sunni violent extremists have President Obama seems to want to and sent out tweets, Republicans were more safe havens ‘‘than at any other take a victory lap for his efforts so far. pushing for the Defense Authorization point in history.’’ He added that Al Well, there will be no time for victory Act that finally passed. This legisla- Qaeda affiliates ‘‘are positioned to until ISIL is no more. tion actually does something by help- make gains’’ this year. According to Maybe President Obama really ing our military take on terrorist the United Nations, the Taliban now doesn’t understand the truth about this threats. It is directed at organizing the controls more ground in Afghanistan threat from radical Islamic terrorists. Pentagon to confront new threats. than at any point since 2001. Maybe he is just not being honest with Democrats actually tried to block the Extremists groups like ISIL need the the American people about it. Either legislation, and President Obama has territory they control because it gives way, Congress has been told the truth threatened to veto it. them safe havens and because the terri- by the CIA Director. And it is up to us President Obama went out and gave a tory makes them more powerful. It to do something about it. The CIA Di- speech last week in which he said ISIL helps them inspire more of their fol- rector said it himself to the Senate last is on the defense. We remember when lowers to launch attacks around the week. He said that ISIL ‘‘would have to he compared ISIL to the JV team. world. It makes it seem like the ide- suffer even heavier losses of territory Well, now the President says they are ology of radical Islam is winning the and money for its terrorist capacity to on defense. He bragged about all the battle of ideas. So it is imperative that decline significantly.’’ success he has had fighting terrorists. we have a real strategy to defeat ISIL Our response to the Orlando attack Then, his CIA Director, John Bren- and other terrorist groups abroad. should be to step up the fight against nan, came to Capitol Hill. He came to We need to make sure someone in the ISIS where they live. We need a real speak to the Senate Intelligence Com- United States or France or anywhere strategy to defeat the radical Islamic

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.025 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4447 terrorists and the resolve and the return to confront an enemy that is safe haven in these countries to launch at- strength to carry it out. even more dangerous, and those are the tacks against U.S. interests. Thank you, Mr. President. words of President George W. Bush in That was what Senator GRAHAM and I yield the floor. July of 2007. Senator MCCAIN said in October 2013. I suggest the absence of a quorum. In October of 2011, at the same time Senators MCCAIN and GRAHAM, Janu- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The that the President said that ‘‘the tide ary 2014: clerk will call the roll. of war is receding,’’ I, myself, said: The senior assistant legislative clerk Reports that Al-Qaeda fighters have taken [T]his decision will be viewed as a stra- over Fallujah and are gaining ground in proceeded to call the roll. tegic victory for our enemies in the Middle other parts of Iraq are as tragic as they are Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I ask East, especially the Iranian regime, which predictable. unanimous consent that the order for has worked relentlessly to ensure a full with- The Administration’s failure in Iraq has the quorum call be rescinded. drawal of U.S. troops from Iraq. been compounded by its failed policy in The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without [A]ll of our military commanders with Syria. It has sat by and refused to take any objection, it is so ordered. whom I have spoken on my repeated visits to meaningful action, while the conflict has The Senator from Arizona. Iraq have told me that U.S. national security claimed more than 130,000 lives— FOREIGN POLICY interests and the enduring needs of Iraq’s It has now taken more than 400,000 Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, in the military required a continued presence of lives, by the way. last several days the conversation and U.S. troops in Iraq beyond 2011 to safeguard the gains that we and our Iraqi partners have driven a quarter of the Syrian population the dispute and the rhetoric has been made. from their homes, fueled the resurgence of devoted to the issue of guns, which is Nearly 4,500 Americans have given their Al-Qaeda, and devolved into a regional con- certainly a worthy cause, but, unfortu- lives for our mission in Iraq. Countless more flict that now threatens our national secu- nately for the American people, the have been wounded. . . . I fear that all of the rity interests and the stability of Syria’s issue of how we got here has been ig- gains made possible by these brave Ameri- neighbors, especially Iraq. nored. Guns don’t fire themselves. cans in Iraq, at such grave cost, are now at As the situation worsened in April of Guns and weapons are fired by people. risk. 2014, I said: They are fired by people, and in the That is what I said in October of 2011. It is reality check time in Iraq, where the cases of Orlando, San Bernardino, As the situation worsened in December Syria-Iraq border has turned into a major Paris, and others, they are fired by of 2011, I said: highway and safe haven for transnational people who have been radicalized or [Domestic] political considerations in [the terrorist groups. The black flags of al-Qaeda trained or in some coordinated fashion United States and Iraq] have been allowed to fly over the city of Fallujah, where hundreds have inflicted murder, death, and may- trump our common security interests. All of of U.S. troops were killed and injured. Vio- lence across the country has reached the hem on innocent people. the progress that both Iraqis and Americans have made, at such painful and substantial same levels as at the height of the Iraqi in- While we in all our righteous indig- surgency in 2008, and the country is creeping nation talk so strongly and so passion- cost, has now been put at greater risk. Senators MCCAIN and GRAHAM in De- dangerously close to a reignition of civil ately about what we have to do about conflict. the weapons, we are ignoring exactly cember 2011: If Iraq slides back into sectarian violence, President Obama, September 2014: how all of this happened and why it ‘‘We will degrade and ultimately de- happened, and it is because of the poli- the consequences will be catastrophic for the Iraqi people and U.S. interests in the Middle stroy ISIL.’’ cies of this President and this adminis- East, and a clear victory for al Qaeda and JOHN MCCAIN, September 2014: tration from the beginning. From the Iran. A deterioration of the kind we are now The President’s plan will likely be insuffi- beginning this President wanted to get witnessing in Iraq was not unforeseen, and cient to destroy ISIS, which is the world’s out of Iraq, wanted to get out of Af- now the U.S. government must do whatever largest, richest terrorist army. To destroy ghanistan, believing in some delusional it can to help Iraqis stabilize the situation. ISIS, create conditions for enduring security fashion that if we got out of these con- We call upon the Obama Administration and in the Middle East, and protect the Amer- flicts, the conflict would end. Obvi- the Iraqi government to reopen negotiations ican people, additional steps are necessary. ously, that has not been true. with the goal of maintaining— Half measures against ISIS only make it I want to go forward and with the Reopen negotiations with the United stronger and will not lead to its destruction. Senator from South Carolina, I want to States of America— That was almost 2 years ago. go through a chronology of events very with the goal of maintaining an effective re- Senators GRAHAM and MCCAIN, Octo- quickly. sidual U.S. military presence in Iraq before ber of 2014: the situation deteriorates further. President Obama in October 2011 We continue to urge the Administration to said: What we were saying is, we didn’t quickly adopt a comprehensive strategy The tide of war is receding. . . . The long have to pull everybody out of Iraq. We [against ISIL] and avoid the perils of gradual war in Iraq will come to an end by the end of could have stayed. What they kept say- escalation. this year. . . . We’re also moving into a new ing is: What we need is a status of Degrading and ultimately destroying ISIS phase in the relationship between the United forces agreement. The fact is that now will require additional actions that we have States and Iraq. there is no mention of a status of long advocated, such as the deployment of We’ll partner with an Iraq that contributes U.S. Special Forces and military advisers on to regional security and peace. . . . Just as forces agreement, and there are 4,500 the ground to direct air strikes and advise Iraqis have persevered through war, I’m con- Americans there and possibly more. our local partners; the expansion of assist- fident that they can build a future worthy of President Obama, January of 2014: ance for moderate Syrian forces, and the es- their history as a cradle of civilization. ‘‘The analogy we use around here tablishment of safe zones protected by no fly President Obama, December 2011: sometimes, and I think is accurate, is zones in Syria. . . . That is ultimately what ‘‘We’re leaving behind a sovereign, sta- if a jayvee team puts on Lakers uni- it will take to destroy ISIS and keep Amer- ble and self-reliant Iraq.’’ forms that doesn’t make them Kobe ica safe, and we cannot avoid to delay any President Bush, July 2007: Bryant.’’ longer. To begin withdrawing before our com- He went on to say they are the JV That was nearly 2 years ago. manders tell us we are ready would be dan- team; ISIS is the JV. The list goes on and on. I will make gerous for Iraq, for the region and for the Senators MCCAIN and GRAHAM in Oc- it a part of the RECORD. United States. It would mean surrendering tober of 2013 wrote: My friend is here. the future of Iraq to Al Qaeda. It would mean By nearly every indicator, the situation in All during this time, while Senator that we’d be risking mass killings on a hor- Iraq has worsened dramatically since the be- GRAHAM and I were warning time after rific scale. It would mean we allow the ter- ginning of the conflict in Syria and the with- time, using every means possible to rorists to establish a safe haven in Iraq to re- drawal of U.S. forces from Iraq in 2011. . . . warn the American people and our col- place the one they lost in Afghanistan. It What’s worse, the deteriorating conflict in would mean we’d be increasing the prob- leagues that this thing was going to es- Syria has enabled al Qaeda in Iraq to trans- calate because the President of the ability that American troops would have to form into the larger and more lethal Islamic return at some later date to confront an State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), which now United States did not have a strategy, enemy that is even more dangerous. has a major base for operations spanning his policies failed. Now we have at- I know my colleagues have not both Iraq and Syria. It may just be a matter tacks on the United States of America. missed it. American troops have had to of time until al Qaeda seeks to use its new I have been pilloried because I used the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.027 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4448 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 word ‘‘personal.’’ I said I misspoke. But The biggest flaw of the President of As the Middle East deteriorates, I have no doubt about why we are where the United States, I believe, is that he don’t remember anybody on this side of we are today, and that is because this doesn’t think we are at war. He thinks the aisle standing up and saying: Presi- administration, this President, called this is a counterterrorism problem, dent Obama, you need to reconsider ISIL the JV, saying that if a JV team that these are wayward souls or reli- what you are doing. puts on Lakers uniforms, that doesn’t gious fanatics, and he doesn’t embrace Senator MCCAIN, when the Repub- make them Kobe Bryant. Does anybody the fact that radical Islam is loosely licans were in charge, President Bush today believe that ISIS is JV? associated throughout the globe. They was Commander in Chief, challenged The list goes on and on. have an agenda to destroy our way of the construct that all things were I want my colleague Senator GRAHAM life, to purify their religion, to destroy going well in Iraq when they were not. to speak for a moment, and I will go on the State of Israel. It is on the Sunni So I want to give some credit to Sen- with these because we can see the com- and the Shia side. It represents a small ator MCCAIN. It is not just Obama; peting statements between the admin- minority of the Islamic faith. when he sees a problem, he speaks up. istration and the President and Sen- When you talk about radical Islam, The bottom line is that President ators GRAHAM and MCCAIN. They are you are not slandering those who are Bush made an adjustment. He doubled starkly different. fighting radical Islam. They don’t feel down on the surge. He sent more troops What else has happened there? The slandered. I have been to Iraq and Af- into Iraq under General Petraeus. echo chamber, as was described by Mr. ghanistan with Senator MCCAIN over 37 Guess what. The new strategy worked. Rhodes, one of the President’s chief ad- times. I have yet to have one leader in By 2011, President Obama was claim- visers—the echo chamber of Krugman, that part of the world tell me: Would ing this to be a successful operation, of Zakaria, of Friedman, of Ignatius, you quit using the term ‘‘radical that we could leave Iraq whole, free, se- all the echo chambers out there saying: Islam.’’ They appreciate the fact that cure, and stable. Vice President BIDEN He’s doing fine. Everything is fine. we understand the threat and that said it may be the biggest accomplish- This guy is leading great and not to what we have been proposing would ac- ment of the Obama administration, to worry. Things are really great. The tually work. withdraw our forces from Iraq because echo chamber that Mr. Rhodes de- The JV team here is in the White we are in such a good spot. The New scribed in an article in The Atlantic House. I really don’t mean to slander York Times held the security environ- about how they were able to orches- JV teams. The bottom line is that the ment in Iraq as a major achievement. trate the Iranian agreement is out people in the White House have proven What we were trying to say, along there. they are not up to the task of defend- with our military commanders, was So as we warned—as we warned and ing this Nation, destroying radical that if they pull out now, the gains we predicted—I wish we had been wrong. I Islam, and coming up with a plan to fought for are going to be lost. would love to stand on the floor of the make us safe and protect our allies. This is what I said on April 3, 2011, as Senate and say: Senator GRAHAM and I How much more has to happen before this negotiation was going on: were wrong. We didn’t have to worry you realize the people running this If we’re not smart enough to work with the about ISIS. They were the JV. war, No. 1, don’t realize we are at war. Iraqis to have 10–15,000 American troops in We were right, and we continue to be It is hard to win a war when you don’t Iraq in 2012, Iraq could go to hell. right, and we still don’t have a strat- I’m urging the Obama Administration to realize you are in one. work with the Maliki Administration in Iraq egy. But there is the echo chamber out What happened in Orlando breaks to make sure we have enough troops, 10 to 15 there. The echo chamber that goes on your heart, but the Attorney General thousand, beginning in 2012 to secure the and on. went down yesterday—and I like her gains that we have achieved. . . . This is a My friends, I believe the American very much—to offer sympathy to the defining moment in the future of Iraq . . . people deserve better than what they victims, and she made a statement: We and in my view they are going down the are getting from this echo chamber, will never know what motivated this wrong road in Iraq. who are the Obamaphiles that can in- man. When the administration tells you credibly—incredibly—praise all of Excuse me. We do. All you have to do that the Iraqis would not accept a re- these mistakes. is listen to what he said. He pledged al- sidual force, they are lying. I don’t use Finally, I urge my colleagues—and I legiance to al-Baghdadi in the middle that word lightly because it is a harsh will go through some more of these— of the slaughter. He went to the other word. They are intentionally mis- but my colleagues, I warn that unless side. leading you. They are lying. Let me we get a real strategy and stop this In every war America has been in, we tell you why I know. incrementalism, we are going to see— have had Americans side with the I was there. I got a phone call from perhaps we will retake Fallujah, as we enemy. It is an unfortunate event, but Secretary of State Hillary Clinton ask- had. We may even retake Mosul. But it happens in all wars. Radical Islamic ing me—along with Senator MCCAIN this ISIS is still metastasizing and groups like ISIL are trying to turn and Senator Lieberman—to go to Iraq spreading throughout the world, and American citizens against us. This man to see if we could talk to the Iraqis there is no better expert than the Di- joined their cause. He called 911 and about a residual force. We met with rector of the Central Intelligence said: I am now a soldier in the army of Barzani, the President of the Kurdish Agency, who basically said that in a ISIS. I pledge allegiance to al- element of Iraq. Not only would he hearing to not only the Members of Baghdadi—not to the citizens of the have accepted 15,000, he would have ac- Congress but the American people. United States and the country in which cepted 250,000. Anybody who knows I would like to yield for some com- he was a citizen. And he slaughtered a anything about the Kurds, they are not ments to my friend, the Senator from bunch of people. resistant to American troops in Iraq. South Carolina. Madam Attorney General, I know They would put them all in Kurdistan Mr. GRAHAM. Thank you very much. why he did it. The fact that you cannot if we would let them. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- understand why he did it bothers me as Then we went to Maliki, who was a ator from South Carolina. far as your view of the fight we are in. Prime Minister, head of a Sunni block. Mr. GRAHAM. I wish we were wrong But let’s go back to the time ISIL He said the Sunni members of this po- too. The worst is yet to come. I hate to was created. Al Qaeda in Iraq was deci- litical block realize that without an be saying this all the time, but as they mated by the surge. It is fair to criti- American follow-on force, Iran will are losing territory in Iraq, which they cize the Bush administration. Presi- come in, fill the vacuum, and the are, and they are being hurt some in dent Bush did make mistakes. Senator Sunnis will feel threatened because the Syria, which they are, they are becom- MCCAIN called for the removal of the political achievements will all be at ing a lethal terrorist organization. Secretary of Defense under President risk because the balance of the mili- They are a terrorist army now holding Bush’s watch, Secretary Rumsfeld, be- tary power will change. territory. All I can say is that you cause he believed Secretary Rumsfeld Then we went to Maliki. I can re- could see this coming a mile away if did not appreciate the deteriorating se- member it like it was yesterday. It was you spent any time looking. curity environment in Iraq. Senator MCCAIN, Senator Lieberman,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.028 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4449 and I. It was always us three, and I am and others have said has come true in there were more refugees in the world at the end of the line, as I should be. spades. now than there were post-World War II. There was Ambassador Jeffries and Let me tell you about a comment by Tell it to the people of Lebanon, where General Austin, who was the com- the President yesterday that our mili- one out of five children in the primary mander of our forces in Iraq. tary strategy regarding ISIL is hitting schools is a Syrian refugee child. Tell When it was my time, I looked on all cylinders. Mr. President, you that to the people of Turkey. Maliki in the eye and said: Would you need to get out of the White House and Mr. President, the bottom line: You support a residual force to maintain take a new look at what is going on in always underestimate the threat. You the gains we have achieved jointly? the world. try to undersell what is going on, and He looked me in the eye and he said: Yesterday there was testimony by a you oversell our successes. How many troops are you talking Yazidi woman in the Homeland Secu- I hope the people in this body will re- about? rity Committee. alize that some of the votes we are I turned to General Austin and Am- Last week the U.N. issued a report going to take in the coming weeks will bassador Jeffries, and General Austin that ISIL is engaged in genocide correct this course, and I hope you re- said: We are still working on that num- against the Yazidi people. This is a alize that the war is not going as well ber. people who mix Christianity and Islam, as the President says it is. I want it to We went back to talk to the Vice and they have a unique religion. ISIL go better. I want to destroy ISIL. I President. The military had rec- is in the process of destroying the promise you this: The strategy we have ommended 18,000—General Austin Yazidi community that has been in ex- in Syria will never lead to ISIL’s de- had—and the Chairman of the Joint istence for thousands of years. struction. The people we are training Chiefs said we could get by with 10,000, Yesterday this woman testified that to fight ISIL are mostly Kurds, and the but they wouldn’t go below 10,000. Ac- eight members of her family, including Kurds do not have the ability to go cording to General Dempsey, then her mother, were killed by ISIL. She into Raqqah, Syria, which is an Arab Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, the ad- was gang-raped. She said: Don’t feel town, and take it away from ISIL and ministration kept reducing the number sorry for me; they are doing this to hold it. And the people we are training below 10,000, and it got to almost 1,500. girls as young as 8 years old. are Communist, Marxist Kurds. Their This cascading of numbers of troops So, Mr. President, go tell that young acronym is YPG. They are associated did not come from the Iraqis saying woman that your military strategy with the PKK, which is a terrorist or- that was too many; it came from the when it comes to ISIL is working on all ganization in Turkey. I appreciate White House, which really wanted to cylinders. The U.N. Special Envoy to their help, but the future of Syria get to zero. So when you try to blame Syria estimates that 400,000 people should not lie in the hands of a bunch the Iraqis for your mistake, you are have been killed in Syria, where ISIL’s of Communist, Marxist Kurds who lying. headquarters exist. could never ever bring about stability Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I ask Mr. President, go tell the people, the in Syria. unanimous consent for a colloquy with families of the victims of ISIL in We don’t have a game plan to end Senator GRAHAM. Syria, that your military strategy is this war. We don’t have a diplomatic The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without working on all cylinders. How do you strategy. If you don’t believe me, ask objection, it is so ordered. explain the fact that there are now up the 50-plus Foreign Service officers Mr. MCCAIN. May I also add that at to 8,000 ISIL fighters in Libya? who wrote a letter publicly urging the the same time, this President and his I had a conversation yesterday with President to change his strategy in administration were saying that we AFRICOM Commander Waldhauser, Syria because it is not working. You can’t get a status of forces agreement who is an incredibly gifted man. I can discount Senator MCCAIN and me if with the Iraqi Government; that has to asked him: Is ISIL in Libya? you would like, but these are 50 people go through the Parliament. Is there He said: Yes. who dedicated their lives to under- any mention today of this same Presi- Are they a threat to our homeland? standing the Middle East. They said in dent who says it is absolutely nec- He said: Yes. an open letter that we should be taking essary for us to have a status of forces Are we doing anything militarily to the Assad regime on because if he stays agreement as we incrementally in- engage them? in power, this war will never end. He is crease our troop strength in Iraq? He said: Virtually nothing. literally getting away with murder. Mr. GRAHAM. Isn’t it kind of odd I asked him: How many airstrikes And our strategy of appeasing Assad that we have not 4,500, we have over have there been against ISIL soldiers because of Russia and Iran’s involve- 5,000 troops. They are playing with the in Libya? ment is going to lead not only to the numbers again. I know this. There are He said: Zero. destruction of Syria but also to a over 5,000 troops. About 1,000 are off the The bottom line, Mr. President, is we change in the power balance in the books. They are there; they are just are not hitting on all cylinders. We are Middle East that is harmful to us. not being counted. making some gains, but you don’t have It is not just us saying it is not work- This incessant desire by the Presi- an overall strategy to secure these ing. Mr. President, your military strat- dent to say we are not in combat of- gains. Leaving Assad in power is the egy is not working on all cylinders. fends the heck out of me. Tell that to worst possible outcome for the United The Yazidi community is being deci- the family of the Navy SEAL who was States because the Sunni Arabs see mated on your watch. Some 400,000 peo- killed. They don’t want to admit we him as a puppet of Iran, and he is the ple have been murdered on your watch, are in combat because that means we one who has killed most of the 400,000, and we haven’t even gotten to the mis- are at war. They don’t want to admit not ISIL. The Syrian people are never take you made in Syria yet. As we we are at war, and I don’t know why going to accept him as their leader. withdrew our forces from Iraq against because this guy in Orlando certainly Russia and Iran have come to the aid sound military advice, the people of was at war with us. of the Butcher of Damascus, Assad. Syria rose up against Assad, demand- We have a presence in Iraq, and isn’t They have bombed the people we have ing the freedom all of us take for it unusual that no one is saying that trained to fight not only ISIL but granted. There was a moment in time we need approval from the Iraqi Gov- Assad. The Russian people have killed when Assad was on the ropes. The peo- ernment now? This was never the prob- the people the American President ple of Syria rose up as part of the Arab lem. The problem was that President tried to recruit to our cause, and we spring. Every person in the administra- Obama sincerely wanted to end both are not doing a darn thing about it. tion advised President Obama to help wars. He saw an opportunity in 2011 to Mr. President, your military strategy the Free Syrian Army while they were fulfill a campaign promise because is not working. Tell that to the King of intact, and he said no. When he said no, America is war weary, and I under- Jordan, where there are more Syrian Hezbollah, which is an agent of Iran, stand that. But at the end of the day, refugees today than there has ever the Shia militia, sent 5,000 troops to he ignored sound military advice, and been in the history of Jordan. Two support Assad. Russia eventually got everything that Senator MCCAIN and I weeks ago there was a report that in on Assad’s side, and the entire mess

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.029 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4450 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 in Syria has exploded. His unwilling- Iraq that contributes to regional security have changed the military facts on the ness to help the Free Syrian Army and peace . . . Just as Iraqis have persevered ground and created the terms for a political take Assad out created the vacuum in- through war, I’m confident that they can settlement more favorable to their interests. side of Syria that ISIL filled. build a future worthy of their history as a And I believe as a result, the conflict will cradle of civilization.’’ grind on, ISIL will grow stronger, and the So to those who look at Orlando as a refugees will keep coming.’’ gun control problem, I think you are PRESIDENT OBAMA, DECEMBER 2011 ‘‘We’re leaving behind a sovereign, stable missing the story of Orlando. Orlando WHITE HOUSE: ASSAD’S FALL IS INEVITABLE and self-reliant Iraq.’’ is about ISIL being seen as a winner by WHITE HOUSE PRESS SECRETARY JAY CARNEY, PRESIDENT BUSH, JULY 2007 people over here who are sympathetic JANUARY 2012 ‘‘To begin withdrawing before our com- to their cause. ISIL is being seen ‘‘Assad’s fall is inevitable . . . It’s impor- manders tell us we are ready would be dan- throughout the world as a winning tant to calculate into your consideration the gerous for Iraq, for the region and for the team, not a JV team. What we see in fact that he will go. The regime has lost con- United States. It would mean surrendering trol of the country and he will eventually Orlando is someone who was recruited the future of Iraq to Al Qaeda. It would mean fall.’’ to their cause and our intelligence sys- that we’d be risking mass killings on a hor- tems failed. rific scale. It would mean we allow the ter- SENATOR MCCAIN, MARCH 2012 I am not blaming the FBI, but the rorists to establish a safe haven in Iraq to re- ‘‘The Administration’s approach to Syria fact of the matter is we interviewed place the one they lost in Afghanistan. It is starting to look more like a hope than a this guy a couple of times, he was on would mean we’d be increasing the prob- strategy. So, too, does their continued in- our watch list, and he fell through the ability that American troops would have to sistence that Assad’s fall is ‘inevitable.’ Tell cracks. return at some later date to confront an that to the people of Homs. Tell that to the enemy that is even more dangerous.’’ people of Idlib, or Hama, or the other cities Mr. MCCAIN. May I also point out to SENATOR MCCAIN, OCTOBER 2011 that Assad’s forces are now moving against. my friend that the President and mem- Nothing in this world is pre-determined. And ‘‘This decision will be viewed as a strategic bers of the administration continu- claims about the inevitability of events can victory for our enemies in the Middle East, ously say: We only have two choices. often be a convenient way to abdicate re- especially the Iranian regime, which has sponsibility.’’ One is do nothing or very little, or we worked relentlessly to ensure a full with- have to send 200,000 troops. You know, Warning about sectarian conflict in drawal of U.S. troops from Iraq . . . all of our Syria . . . I grow so weary of that straw man military commanders with whom I have spo- being set up by the President of the ken on my repeated visits to Iraq have told SENATOR MCCAIN, MARCH 2012 United States, because it is intellectu- me that U.S. national security interests and ‘‘The surest way for Al-Qaeda to gain a ally dishonest. the enduring needs of Iraq’s military re- foothold in Syria is for us to turn our backs What we have called for—I am not quired a continued presence of U.S. troops in on those brave Syrians who are fighting to sure this President can lead and do it Iraq beyond 2011 to safeguard the gains that defend themselves. After all, Sunni Iraqis were willing to ally with Al-Qaeda when they because he has no credibility in the we and our Iraqi partners have made . . . Nearly 4,500 Americans have given their lives felt desperate enough. But when America Middle East anywhere. When he de- for our mission in Iraq. Countless more have gave them a better alternative, they turned cided that they had crossed the redline been wounded . . . I fear that all of the gains their guns on Al-Qaeda. Why should it be dif- and we were going to take military ac- made possible by these brave Americans in ferent in Syria? . . . As we saw in Iraq, or tion and then did nothing, that had a Iraq, at such grave cost, are now at risk.’’ Lebanon before it, time favors the hard-lin- profound effect throughout the Middle As the situation worsened . . . ers in a conflict like this. The suffering of Sunnis at the hands of Assad only stokes the East. There is no trust or confidence in SENATOR MCCAIN, DECEMBER 2011 the United States. But if there were, it temptation for revenge, which in turn only ‘‘[Domestic] political considerations in deepens fears among the Alawites, and would be approximately 100,000 [the United States and Iraq] have been al- strengthens their incentive to keep fighting. troops—about 10,000 Americans, the lowed to trump our common security inter- For this reason alone, it is all the more com- Sunni Arabs, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, ests. All of the progress that both Iraqis and pelling to find a way to end the bloodshed as and the other Gulf countries—a force Americans have made, at such painful and soon as possible.’’ substantial cost, has now been put at greater that would go to Iraq today and take SENATOR MCCAIN, JUNE 2012 risk.’’ out ISIS. ‘‘If we fail to act, the consequences are I want to assure my fellow Ameri- SENATORS MCCAIN AND GRAHAM, DECEMBER 2011 clear. Syria will become a failed state in the cans that as long as ISIS has a geo- ‘‘If Iraq slides back into sectarian violence, heart of the Middle East, threatening both graphic base in Raqqa, they will be ex- the consequences will be catastrophic for the our ally Israel and our NATO ally Turkey. porting terror into the United States Iraqi people and U.S. interests in the Middle With or without Assad, the country will de- and Europe. Baghdadi, we know, is East, and a clear victory for al Qaeda and volve into a full-scale civil war with areas of Iran. A deterioration of the kind we are now sending people with these devices—se- ungoverned space that Al-Qaeda and its al- witnessing in Iraq was not unforeseen, and lies will occupy. Violence and radicalism will cure encrypted devices. We know there now the U.S. government must do whatever spill even more into Lebanon and Iraq, fuel- is self-radicalization taking place as we it can to help Iraqis stabilize the situation. ing sectarian conflicts that are still burning speak. We know they are being inserted We call upon the Obama Administration and in both countries. Syria will turn into a bat- into the refugee stream. We know these the Iraqi government to reopen negotiations tlefield between Sunni and Shia extremists, things. As long as they have a capital with the goal of maintaining an effective re- each backed by foreign powers, which will ig- and we have no strategy for retaking sidual U.S. military presence in Iraq before nite sectarian tensions from North Africa to that capital, there will be further at- the situation deteriorates further.’’ the Gulf and risk a wider regional conflict. tacks, as the Director of the CIA has This is the course we are on in Syria, and we OBAMA: ASSAD MUST GO must act now to avoid it.’’ said, as the Director of National Intel- PRESIDENT OBAMA, AUGUST 2011 ligence has said. There will be further OBAMA: RUSSIAN SYRIA INTERVENTION WILL attacks on the United States of Amer- ‘‘For the sake of the Syrian people, the time has come for President Assad to step BE QUAGMIRE ica. aside.’’ PRESIDENT OBAMA, OCTOBER 2015 Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- OBAMA ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL IN THE NEW ‘‘An attempt by Russia and Iran to prop up sent to have printed in the RECORD YORKER, DECEMBER 2015 Assad and try to pacify the population is these statements by the President and ‘‘The meaning of ‘Assad has to go’ has just going to get them stuck in a quagmire by Senator GRAHAM and myself. evolved.’’ and it won’t work.’’ There being no objection, the mate- SECRETARY KERRY, MARCH 2016 SENATOR MCCAIN, DECEMBER 2015 rial was ordered to be printed in the ‘‘Russia is now helping with the cessation ‘‘So why has the meaning of ‘Assad has to RECORD, as follows: of hostilities. And if Russia can help us to go’ evolved? Because this Administration actually effect this political transition, that OBAMA ON WITHDRAWAL FROM IRAQ was overpowered, outplayed, and out- is all to the strategic interest of the United PRESIDENT OBAMA, OCTOBER 2011 matched. This Administration consoled States of America.’’ ‘‘The tide of war is receding . . . The long themselves with the mantra of ‘there is no Warning of foreign intervention . . . war in Iraq will come to an end by the end of military solution,’ rather than facing the re- this year . . . We’re also moving into a new ality that there is a clear military dimension SENATOR MCCAIN, MARCH 2012 phase in the relationship between the United to a political solution in Syria. That is what ‘‘Increasingly, the question for U.S. policy States and Iraq . . . We’ll partner with an Russia and Iran have demonstrated. They is not whether foreign forces will intervene

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.030 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4451 militarily in Syria. We can be confident that the conflict has claimed more than 130,000 protected by no fly zones in Syria . . . That Syria’s neighbors will do so eventually, if lives, driven a quarter of the Syrian popu- is ultimately what it will take to destroy they have not already. Some kind of inter- lation from their homes, fueled the resur- ISIS and keep America safe, and we cannot vention will happen, with us or without us gence of Al-Qaeda, and devolved into a re- afford to delay any longer.’’ . . . We also hear it said, including by the gional conflict that now threatens our na- SENATOR MCCAIN, NOVEMBER 2014 Administration, that we should not con- tional security interests and the stability of ‘‘Applying a half-hearted bombing cam- tribute to the militarization of the conflict. Syria’s neighbors, especially Iraq.’’ paign without seriously undertaking com- If only Russia and Iran shared that senti- As the situation worsened . . . plementary efforts to train and assist local ment. Instead, they are shamelessly fueling SENATOR MCCAIN, APRIL 2014 forces and protect civilians in Syria is sim- Assad’s killing machine. We need to deal ‘‘It is reality check time in Iraq, where the ply doomed to fail. It is time for this Admin- with reality as it is, not as we wish it to be— Syria-Iraq border has turned into a major istration to stand by our Syrian allies, as it and the reality in Syria today is largely a highway and safe haven for transnational has done for other communities in Iraq and one-sided fight where the aggressors are not terrorist groups. The black flags of al-Qaeda Syria, and move quickly to support mod- lacking for military means and zeal. Indeed, fly over the city of Fallujah, where hundreds erate opposition forces fighting against ISIS Assad appears to be fully committed to of U.S. troops were killed and injured. Vio- and Jabhat al-Nusra and protect the Syrian crushing the opposition at all costs. Iran and lence across the country has reached the people from Assad’s deadly air campaign. Russia appear to be fully committed to help- same levels as at the height of the Iraqi in- Until such actions are taken, I fear that the ing him do it.’’ surgency in 2008, and the country is creeping threat posed by ISIS will continue to metas- On the nature of Russian intervention . . . dangerously close to a reignition of civil tasize.’’ SENATOR MCCAIN, OCTOBER 2015 conflict.’’ OBAMA ON CONTAINING ISIL The Administration has accepted ‘‘Russia’s expanded role in Syria, and as a con- OBAMA ON LEAVING ISIL UNCHECKED PRESIDENT OBAMA, NOVEMBER 2015 sequence, for Assad’s continued brutalization PRESIDENT OBAMA, SEPTEMBER 2014 ‘‘We have contained them.’’ of the Syrian people. It is simply incompre- The day after this statement, ISIL at- ‘‘So ISIL poses a threat to the people of tacked in Paris . . . hensible that the Administration is taking Iraq and Syria, and the broader Middle SENATOR MCCAIN, NOVEMBER 2015 such great pains to offer Russia a ‘construc- East—including American citizens, per- tive’ role in Syria, pretending that Russia sonnel and facilities. If left unchecked, these ‘‘What should now be clear is that ISIL is has the slightest interest in anything other terrorists could pose a growing threat be- determined to attack the heart of the civ- than propping up the murderous Assad re- yond that region, including to the United ilized world, Europe and the United States— gime. That is what Russia has been doing for States.’’ that it has the intent to attack us, the capa- four years as Assad has slaughtered more bility to attack us, and the sanctuary from than 200,000 Syrians, and that is what Russia SENATORS MCCAIN AND GRAHAM, AUGUST 2014 which to plan those attacks. What should is doing now.’’ ‘‘Americans need to know that ISIS is not now be clear is that our people and our allies What has happened since . . . just a problem for Iraq and Syria. It is a will not be safe until ISIL is destroyed—not threat to the United States. Doing too little SENATOR MCCAIN, APRIL 2016 just degraded, but destroyed; not eventually, to combat ISIS has been a problem. Doing but as soon as possible.’’ ‘‘Last year, Vladimir Putin moved to fill less is certainly not the answer now . . . ISIS the strategic vacuum that the United States GENERAL JOSEPH DUNFORD, DECEMBER 2015 presents Mr. Obama with a similar chal- ‘‘We have not contained ISIL.’’ has left in the Middle East. In its first out- lenge, and it has already forced him to begin of-area military since the time of the czars, Further warning that ISIL is not contained changing course, albeit grudgingly. He ... Russian forces moved into Syria, doubled should accept the necessity of further change SENATOR MCCAIN, DECEMBER 2015 down on the Assad regime, and decimated and adopt a strategy to defeat this threat the moderate Syrian opposition groups that . . . If he does not, ISIS will continue to ‘‘As long as this caliphate exists in Raqqa, America and our allies said we were sup- grow into an even graver danger to our allies they are going to be able to orchestrate at- porting. Russia has used Syria as a live-fire and to us.’’ tacks and metastasize and maybe even move exercise for its modernizing military. De- Nearly two years into the campaign to to Libya.’’ ISIL’s scored its biggest victory in Libya spite predictions of a Russian quagmire, ‘‘check’’ ISIL . . . in June 2016 when it captured Sirte. Today, Putin has instead used limited military ISIL has metastasized to Yemen, Egypt, ISIL still has over 5,000 fighters in Libya. means to achieve distinct political goals. De- Lebanon, Afghanistan, and Libya. spite Putin’s pledged withdrawal from Syria, In January 2016, ISIL was so contained As of the end of April 2016, CNN reported that the Obama Administration approved Assad’s forces, backed by Russia, now appear that ISIL had conducted or inspired at least poised to retake Aleppo. Meanwhile, ad- targeting ISIL in Afghanistan nearly a year 90 terrorist attacks in 21 countries other after they had arrived on the battlefield . . . vanced Russian military capabilities remain than Iraq and Syria. in Syria, enhancing Putin’s ability to project That, of course, doesn’t account for the 49 SENATOR MCCAIN, JANUARY 2016 power beyond the region.’’ Americans murdered in Orlando by a ter- ‘‘Now the administration seems to be wak- rorist who pledged allegiance to ISIL. ing up to the fact that more than a year into OBAMA UNDERESTIMATING ISIL If it wasn’t clear then, ISIL’s threat to our the U.S. military campaign, ISIL’s reach is PRESIDENT OBAMA, JANUARY 2014 homeland is real, direct, and growing. global and growing. We can only hope it won’t take so long for the administration to ‘‘The analogy we use around here some- realize that conditions on the ground in Af- times, and I think is accurate, is if a jayvee OBAMA ON DESTROYING ISIL ghanistan simply don’t warrant a dangerous, team puts on Lakers uniforms that doesn’t PRESIDENT OBAMA, SEPTEMBER 2014 calendar-driven withdrawal of U.S. forces.’’ make them Kobe Bryant.’’ ‘‘We will degrade and ultimately destroy As of today, the Obama administration is SENATORS MCCAIN AND GRAHAM, OCTOBER 2013 ISIL.’’ moving forward with plans to cut U.S. forces ‘‘By nearly every indicator, the situation SENATOR MCCAIN, SEPTEMBER 2014 in half by the end of the year. in Iraq has worsened dramatically since the ‘‘The President’s plan will likely be insuf- Mr. MCCAIN. I would point out that, beginning of the conflict in Syria and the ficient to destroy ISIS, which is the world’s as long ago as August 2014, Senator withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq in 2011 largest, richest terrorist army. To destroy GRAHAM and I said: . . . What’s worse, the deteriorating conflict ISIS, create conditions for enduring security Americans need to know that ISIS is not in Syria has enabled al Qaeda in Iraq to in the Middle East, and protect the Amer- just a problem for Iraq and Syria. It is a transform into the larger and more lethal Is- ican people, additional steps are necessary threat to the United States. Doing too little lamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), . . . Half measures against ISIS only make it to combat ISIS has been a problem. Doing which now has a major base for operations stronger and will not lead to its destruc- less is certainly not the answer now . . . ISIS spanning both Iraq and Syria. It may just be tion.’’ a matter of time until al Qaeda seeks to use Urging a comprehensive plan . . . presents Mr. Obama with a similar chal- lenge, and it has already forced him to begin its new safe haven in these countries to SENATORS MCCAIN AND GRAHAM, OCTOBER 2014 launch attacks against U.S. interests.’’ changing course, albeit grudgingly. . . . If he ‘‘We continue to urge the Administration ISIL captured Fallujah three months later does not, ISIS will continue to grow into an to quickly adopt a comprehensive strategy ... even graver danger to our allies and to us. [against ISIL and avoid the perils of gradual SENATORS MCCAIN AND GRAHAM, JANUARY 2014 It was obvious. escalation . . . Degrading and ultimately de- Here is a quote from President ‘‘Reports that Al-Qaeda fighters have stroying ISIS will require additional actions taken over Fallujah and are gaining ground that we have long advocated, such as the de- Obama from November 2015: ‘‘We have in other parts of Iraq are as tragic as they ployment of U.S. Special Forces and mili- contained them.’’ were predictable . . . The Administration’s tary advisers on the ground to direct air- Really? We have contained them? failure in Iraq has been compounded by its strikes and advise our local partners; the ex- Again, General Dunford said, in a fur- failed policy in Syria. It has sat by and re- pansion of assistance for moderate Syrian ther warning, that ISIL is not con- fused to take any meaningful action, while forces, and the establishment of safe zones tained.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:33 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A22JN6.023 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4452 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 I said in December of 2015: ‘‘As long So I say directly to my colleagues: So inside Syria there is no strategy as this caliphate exists in Raqqa, they The President’s policies are responsible to destroy ISIL. I think President are going to be able to orchestrate at- for the deaths, untold deaths, the quag- Obama is passing this on to the next tacks and metastasize and maybe even mire we are in, the metastasizing of President, not wanting to break his move to Libya.’’ ISIL and the rise of Russia as a new promises, not recommitting troops, Guess what. They moved to Libya. power in the Middle East and the re- and he is just ignoring good sound mili- The list goes on and on. tention of Bashar Assad ensconced as a tary advice. The bottom line is—and I From August 2011, here is one of my ruler of Syria—the same person about hate to say this—if there is a JV team favorites from President Obama: ‘‘For whom the President of the United on the field in the War on Terror, it is the sake of the Syrian people, the time States said: It is not whether Bashar in the White House. The bottom line is has come for President Assad to step Assad leaves power; it is when. they are at war with us, but we are aside.’’ Mr. GRAHAM. If I may, just to wrap really not at war with them. We can’t An Obama administration official this up, 50 diplomats who served in the even say ‘‘combat.’’ said in the New Yorker in December Mideast wrote an open letter to the So I want to help this President 2014, 4 years later: ‘‘The meaning of world to say that we have let Assad get where we can. We have had a very con- ‘Assad has to go’ has evolved.’’ away with murder. Assad will be in tentious debate about guns. Things ‘‘The meaning of Assad has to go has power when Obama is gone. Russia and have been said on both sides of the evolved.’’ Iran have gone to Assad’s aid. The big- aisle that I think are, quite frankly, Anyway, the list goes on and on. gest winners of Obama’s strategy in President Obama said in October out of bounds. I don’t want to sell guns Syria have been Russia and Assad. The 2015: ‘‘An attempt by Russia and Iran to ISIL; I want to destroy them. biggest losers have been our allies— I think we have several choices here. to prop up Assad and try to pacify the Arab allies, in particular and the peo- We are going to fight them in their population is just going to get them ple in Syria. backyard or ours. I choose to fight stuck in a quagmire and it won’t About our willingness to help, I was them in their backyard—with partners. work.’’ in a multiperson primary back in 2014. ‘‘In a quagmire, and it won’t work.’’ The Arabs want to help us because they Secretary Kerry said in March of The President basically reached out to are in the crosshairs of ISIL. But they 2016: Senator MCCAIN and myself after Assad are not going in to fight ISIL in Syria Russia is now helping with the cessation of had crossed the redline the President and wind up giving the whole country hostilities. And if Russia can help us to actu- drew regarding chemical weapons. It to the Iranians by keeping Assad in ally effect this political transition, that is was Labor Day. I will never forget it as power. They have told us. all to the strategic interest of the United long as I live. I flew up with Senator The King of Saudi Arabia told us: States of America. MCCAIN, and we met with President You can have our army. But they want And now, what did they do? They Obama in the Oval Office and Susan to make sure that when we finish the bombed the people we trained and Rice. They informed us of what Assad job in Syria, the Iranians are not in equipped. They murdered. Bashar did, and were seeking our support to control of Syria. They are dominating Assad has murdered so many more basically hit him militarily as punish- four Arab capitals and the Arabs are than ISIS with his barrel bombs and ment for crossing the redline. tired of this. the indiscriminate killing of men, The goal was to degrade Assad’s ca- The bottom line is Iran is running women, and children. He has never paid pability on the battlefield, upgrade the wild, ISIL is a growing threat to the a penalty for the use of sarin gas, with ability of the opposition to fight him homeland, and we don’t have a strat- which he gassed thousands of innocent and change momentum on the battle- egy to destroy ISIL and secure the men, women, and children in Syria. field. Senator MCCAIN and I went out in gains and stabilize Iraq and Syria. Does anybody believe that Assad is front of the Oval Office in the driveway When it comes to Iran, we have empow- leaving power anytime soon? Of course and said: We stand with the President ered the most tyrannical regime on the not. in his efforts to deal with Assad for planet, I think, by giving them $150 bil- So again, we have been talking about crossing the redline, to upgrade the op- lion to put in their war machine. They this, and we have been warning about position, degrade Assad, and change will have a pathway to a bomb and a it. By the way, Senator GRAHAM and I the momentum on the battlefield. missile to deliver it even if they do not are always described in the liberal This was right around Labor Day. It cheat under this agreement. media this way: ‘‘Senator GRAHAM and was supposed to happen in a couple of So the next President of the United Senator MCCAIN, among Obama’s days—airstrikes from the sea and land. States is going to have a mess on their harshest critics.’’ They do not mention Nothing happened. By the end of the hands, but we still have a long way to that we called for the removal of Presi- week, the President decided to go to go with this President. dent Bush’s Secretary of Defense. Congress, and, unfortunately, Congress So, Mr. President, send a couple No, we are not his harshest critics. didn’t respond well. So there is some thousand more troops into Iraq and We are the ones who have been telling blame in the body. But President make sure we liberate Mosul and can the truth to the American people ever Obama has yet to call us and tell us hold the place. Up your game in Syria. since this debacle began, because we that. Work with our Arab partners who will have an obligation—we have an obliga- Now, I am in the middle of a primary go in on the ground with you. Tell tion—to those men and women in uni- and people are war weary, and I just Assad he has to go, and tell the Rus- form serving in the longest wars in our really thought the President was doing sians, if you want to fight for the history. We have an obligation to the the right thing to hold Assad account- Butcher of Damascus, you are welcome families of those who have been killed able. So I want to help him where I to do so—and they won’t. Let the Syr- and wounded. We have an obligation to can. ian people rebuild Syria, pick their try to force this President to under- I have tried to put money in the leader, and not have the Russians or stand that we have failed. We are fail- budget to help secure the gains we have the Iranians pick their leader. ing, and we have failed. achieved in Iraq. I hope Fallujah falls, There is a way forward. It is going to Yes, we are making some gains with and I think it will, but I said 8,000 to take more effort on our part but not the retaking of Fallujah, after two bat- 10,000 U.S. soldiers would be necessary 100,000 troops. We are talking less than tles—by the way, where American to destroy ISIL inside Iraq. We are over 10,000 to get this job done. But we do troops were wounded and killed. There 5,000, and we have to go to Mosul, need a different approach to Syria par- is some small success. But the fact is which is a city of a million people. If ticularly or this will never end. that none of this had to happen, and we don’t have more American ground Here is what I worry about the most. that is the great tragedy of the last few components, then we are not going to The thousands of foreign fighters who years. None of it had to happen, and retake Mosul, and the Shia militia, have joined the jihad have Western this President didn’t lead because he which are controlled by Iran, are going passports, and people on my side of the believed all we needed to do was get to have way too much to say in terms aisle were saying some pretty crazy out and those conflicts would end. of the future of Iraq. things, quite frankly. You can’t seal

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.032 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4453 America off from the world. People do this President has failed to lead. Look tioned IP addresses and others. I can’t travel, and they do trade. So the abil- at the world as it was in the times say that would have prevented it. What ity to penetrate the homeland exists. when I was talking and look at the I can say, and the Senator knows, the The bottom line is that the sooner we world today. We have to have a strat- Director of the FBI said this is the can destroy ISIL, the safer we will be egy to defeat ISIS, and we cannot most important tool he needs to defend and the quicker we can live in peace in stand to have this brutal dictator this country against further attacks. Is the region—and we don’t have a plan to named Bashar al-Assad continue to there anyone now in America who do it. slaughter his own people. We have to doesn’t believe there is going to be an- I hope the President will make an ad- stand with our allies and stand with other self-radicalized or instructed in- justment. President Bush adjusted. It our friends, but what is most impor- dividual who will try to attack the is not easy for a President to adjust. I tant is, we have to have a strategy to United States of America? Of course can get that. But he made a decision to defeat this enemy, which has proven at not. listen to his commanders and he ad- least twice it has the ability to attack In their wisdom, a majority of my justed. This President is making some the mainland of the United States of colleagues over there and a group of adjustments, but they are incremental America. That is not there today. my colleagues over here have rejected the urgent request from the Director of in nature. He downplays the adjust- AMENDMENT NO. 4787 the Federal Bureau of Investigation. I ments he is making. He downplays the Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, would have seen a lot of strange votes around threats we face. When the Attorney the Senator from Arizona yield for a here, I would say to my friend from General says: I really don’t understand question? Texas, but to see Republicans, who ad- what motivated this man, that really Mr. MCCAIN. Absolutely. breaks my heart because I think most Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, I would vertise themselves as trying to protect the people of this Nation, not give the of us do. say to my friend from Arizona, before Here is what I worry the most about. lunch we had a vote on a very impor- Director of the Federal Bureau of In- vestigation the tool he needs the most It is taking too long to take these guys tant amendment the Senator spon- to counter what is clearly coming, out over there. They are reaching into sored, along with the chairman of the frankly, is one of the most puzzling and Libya, and another 9/11 is on the way if Intelligence Committee, that received disappointing actions that have been we don’t put these guys on the defen- a majority vote of the Senate but not taken by my colleagues on this side of sive. I want to hit them before they hit enough to get us to the 60-vote thresh- the aisle. us. I want partners. I don’t want to old. I know the majority leader has put Mr. CORNYN. I thank the Senator. fight this war alone. I want to keep the in a motion to reconsider, which will I would merely add, this is not a par- war over there. It is coming here. No allow him to bring that up because of tisan issue. As the Presiding Officer matter what you do, it may come here some absenteeism. and as the Senator from Arizona anyway, but we are allowing them to I want to ask my friend, during the knows, the Intelligence Committee has come here quicker and faster than they time the shooter in Orlando was under voted in a bipartisan way, with only should be allowed to come here. We are surveillance by the FBI and was actu- one Senator dissenting in the Intel- allowing them to stay stronger—longer ally put on a watch list, the authority ligence reauthorization bill, to rein- than they should. they had to gather information about state this very authority the amend- In the wake of this foreign policy de- him and particularly his computer ment of the Senator from Arizona per- bacle, we have lost an entire group of usage by issuing a subpoena to the tained to. I believe, of all the votes we people called the Yazidis, who have Internet service provider in order to have had this week, the vote on Sen- been basically wiped off the face of the identify IP addresses and perhaps email ator MCCAIN’s amendment was the one planet. There have been hundreds of addresses, not content—they were de- with the greatest potential to stop fu- thousands of people displaced—millions nied the opportunity to get that kind ture terrorist attacks like we saw in displaced—and they are going to look of information. Does the Senator have Orlando—because we all know the at America and say: You can’t count on any idea whether perhaps the FBI shooter in Orlando was under two sepa- America. Every young child in a ref- might have been tipped to the fact that rate FBI investigations and he was put ugee camp who was driven to that this shooter—let’s say he was accessing on a watch list. With so much discus- camp because of our failure to deal YouTube videos of Anwar al-Awlaki sion about watch lists, he was no with ISIL, allowing Assad to barrel- like Nidal Hasan in Fort Hood was be- longer on a watch list so the FBI was bomb his or her family, is going to fore he committed his terrorist attack not notified when he went in and pur- grow up not liking us. One day we are there, or let’s say one of the email ad- chased the two firearms he used in this going to have to confront them. dresses they were able to collect was attack. We also know he was a licensed The effects of this strategy of failed one of a known terrorist or somebody security guard, and he actually had a foreign policy are going to be genera- the FBI suspected was complicit in ter- license to own firearms. tional. Mr. President, there is still rorism, obviously, under the Senator’s This is a complicated and complex time to adjust, if you will adjust your amendment, in order to get the content and confusing picture we have all been strategy and not just listen to us but of that, the FBI would have to go to presented, and we are all trying to fig- listen to the 50 people who wrote the the FISA Court and establish probable ure out what is the solution or what letter and listen to your military com- cause. could we do to help reduce the possi- manders. If you make these adjust- Does the Senator have an opinion bility that something like this might ments, we will be there with you. whether that kind of information, to happen in the future? I can guarantee Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I wish to which the FBI was blinded by the lapse one thing. It is not to limit the con- summarize, the reason Senator GRA- in this authority—whether that would stitutional rights of law-abiding citi- HAM and I came to the floor at this be helpful information in identifying zens. That is not going to stop future time is because it is pretty obvious the potential threats like we saw in Or- terrorist attacks. If we fail to give law debate now is over guns, and there lando? enforcement and counterterrorism au- should be a legitimate debate over the Mr. MCCAIN. I say to my friend and thorities the means by which to iden- use and availability of weapons. I hope colleague who has done so much hard tify these self-radicalized terrorists be- we could reach a reasonable com- work on trying to achieve a careful fore they kill—if we don’t do that, then promise so we can act. balance and compromise that all of us shame on us. This is not partisan, as I I want to emphasize, we would not be could agree to on the issue of weapons, said, because a bipartisan majority— having this debate if it were not for the I appreciate the question and I appre- with one dissenting vote—on the Intel- failed policies that led to where we are ciate his work. ligence Committee voted for this provi- today, where a young man—either in- I can’t specifically state I know for a sion, but we need to get serious about structed or self-radicalized—took the fact that the failure of the ability of this. I know, because of some absentee- lives of nearly 50 brave Americans. the FBI to monitor and know about use ism today—necessary, I am sure—we That was not like a hurricane. It was of the Internet—not content but use of didn’t have every Senator here present not like an earthquake. It was because the Internet, such as the Senator men- and voting.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.033 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4454 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 I hope in the interim, from the time and vote on what I think is one of the tional health, prosperity, and welfare. of that failed cloture vote on the more important issues we are dealing That is a great goal. McCain-Burr amendment until the with; that is, our ability to stop ter- I am not here today to question the time we vote on this again when the rorist attacks. validity of the National Science Foun- majority leader moves to reconsider, As a member of the Senate Intel- dation. There is no question that re- we can have some serious discussions ligence Committee, we have had the search funded by the NSF has led to re- and serious efforts at trying to make opportunity to meet several times with markable discoveries in that the ma- our country safer and protecting inno- Director Comey, the head of the FBI, jority of the work they do, their re- cent Americans from terrorist attacks asking him if they have the tools nec- search, is worthwhile. However, thanks on our own soil. essary to prevent terrorist attacks to the work started by my former col- If we deny the FBI Director the No. 1 against innocent Americans. Simply league Senator Tom Coburn, it has now legislative priority of the agency, as he because of changes in technology, a become clear that the National Science has told us time and time again—most tool they had before—and by ‘‘tool,’’ a Foundation has funded some research recently in the SCIF, in the secure fa- method they had before to try to deter- that truly falls in the category of a cility. Obviously, that part is not clas- mine who is trying to do us harm— waste of taxpayer dollars—either be- sified, but he said this is a very impor- works for one type of technology, but cause the research has questionable tant tool. If we are going to ask the new technology, basically because of benefit or because it is research that FBI and our counterterrorism authori- an omission in the language that was should more appropriately be con- ties to connect the dots, well, they never intended by the Congress, does ducted by the private sector or perhaps can’t connect the dots unless they can not give us the ability to so-call con- it doesn’t even need to be conducted. collect the dots. Again, this is with nect the dots to give us the oppor- By the way, these are all docu- proper and appropriate regard, under tunity to then go and seek a warrant mented. Inspectors general—the Gov- the Fourth Amendment, for American for further investigation. ernment Accountability Office goes in citizens when it comes to searches of This was the vote we had on the and does audits and they look at how their property or seizures. Under the floor. We came up just one or two votes money is spent. Then they report this Fourth Amendment, we know there has short. I know the majority leader made back to us. We look at this and say: to be established probable cause that a a motion to reconsider so we will be How in the world did this ever get ap- crime has been committed, established taking this up again. I hope my col- proved? Who agreed to spend this kind before an impartial judge. We are not leagues who did not vote for this will of money on this kind of research talking about the content. We are say- take the opportunity as a Member of project when we are running deficits, ing, if there are enough dots to connect the U.S. Senate to come to the Intel- when we are deeply in debt here as a together to raise a reasonable sus- ligence Committee to sit down, look at nation? Is this a wise way to spend picion on the part of our counterterror- the classified information, and assure hard-earned tax dollars? ism authorities, they ought to then themselves this does nothing that in- We are trying to bring these to light have the opportunity to go to a judge vades anyone’s privacy rights. in a transparent way so our Members and get the content of that commu- There seems to be a lack of informa- will say: Let’s crack down on this kind nication under appropriate constitu- tion as to what is being asked for. In of stuff. I don’t want to go home and tional Fourth Amendment procedures. that regard, hopefully during this next tell my constituents their tax dollars If they don’t even have access to the few days, we will have the opportunity are going toward this kind of stuff. basic information, then they can’t con- for our colleagues to come and under- We had another example several nect the dots because they can’t collect stand this. Frankly, it is something months ago about—you can’t make them. many had voted for but were not aware this stuff up—whether, if people are So of all the votes we have had this of this glitch in the language that has hungry, they are more disposed to be a week, I believe the vote on the McCain- put us in this particular position. I will little curt or a little angry with their Burr amendment was the most impor- be happy to accompany any of my col- spouse. Somebody came up with the tant because I think it was the one leagues to a place where we can look idea: Let’s test this out. The expendi- most likely to produce additional tools through, on a classified basis, why this ture was considerable for this research. that our counterterrorism authorities is so important. I can’t remember exactly what it is could use in an investigation to iden- WASTEFUL SPENDING right now, but they gave husbands and tify self-radicalized terrorists in the Mr. President, I want to do what I wives voodoo dolls and a bunch of pins. United States before they strike. It is have been doing now for about 46 weeks They said: Every time you feel a bad too late after they strike, when we are in the Senate in this cycle; that is, to feeling or want to say something mean all asking the question: What can we discuss the waste of the week. The to your spouse, you take your voodoo possibly do in order to prevent some- waste of the week is something we doll—you have your voodoo doll that thing like this from happening again? have been talking about. While I deep- looks like your wife and your wife has We now know what we can do. It may ly regret we have not been able to fash- one that looks like her husband—and not be a panacea, but it is making sure ion a long-term program dealing with you take a pin and stick it in the voo- our law enforcement authorities, such our debt and our deficit, which is so doo doll. When you did this, you were as the FBI, have the tools they need in critical for the future of this country, asked the question: Were you hungry order to conduct these investigations, the least we can do is look at the way at the time? If you were hungry at the again to collect the dots so they can we currently spend taxpayer money, time, they said to count all the pins connect those dots. and in doing so, weed out those pro- and say: Well, OK, we have proven the Mr. President, I yield the floor. grams that simply don’t justify the use fact that if you are hungry, you are I suggest the absence of a quorum. of taxpayer money. more likely to be upset with your The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. I was going to do this last week, and spouse than if you are not hungry. FLAKE). The clerk will call the roll. after the tragic events of Orlando, I To come here and explain this, people The legislative clerk proceeded to didn’t think it was the appropriate say this can’t be true. Tell me, tell me call the roll. time to do so. So today I am doing two tax dollars are not used for something Mr. COATS. Mr. President, I ask wastes of the week to make up for last like this out of an agency as respected unanimous consent that the order for week and this week. as the National Science Foundation. the quorum call be rescinded. This week, the Senate is considering Yet they defended this process as a le- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without legislation that funds a number of gitimate grant, expenditure of tax- objection, it is so ordered. agencies, including the National payer dollars, and used a new word, Mr. COATS. Mr. President, there is a Science Foundation. When Congress ‘‘hangry.’’ It is the combination of lot going on around here. Before lunch, created the National Science Founda- being hungry and angry, and it is we finished a vote that I was very dis- tion, the agency’s goals were to pro- hangry. Are you hangry? And if you appointed did not reach the 60-vote mote progress in science, help secure are, you might be upset with your threshold so we could proceed to debate our national defense, and advance na- spouse a little more quickly because

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.037 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE June 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S4455 the pins in the voodoo dolls prove that. things maybe to do for somebody if the research grants that are awarded I promise you, I am not making this they want to do them, I suppose, but by the National Science Foundation. up. This is documented. This is what the conclusions they come to, it may Taxpayers have a right to know how the research project included. benefit society, but does it have to be their money is being spent. Today, I want to name two addi- done with taxpayer dollars? So on and Our ever-growing accumulation of tional examples. I am not picking on on we go. wasted taxpayer dollars can now add the NSF, but we keep reading about The second issue here is this Cornell over $2 million for gambling monkeys this. Here are two examples that cost study on photos. The researchers claim in a photo popularity contest, bringing taxpayers nearly $2.2 million. The first they searched the 40 billion pages of our pricetag to nearly $176 billion of example is a $171,000 grant to research Web sites with photos to make photo taxpayer money wasted on projects how monkeys gamble. Yes, you heard archives available to social science for that really provide little or no benefit that correctly. Researchers actually research. In reality, the researchers ex- to the American people. That is what taught monkeys to gamble to see if amined photos that had been uploaded the inspectors general at the Govern- they could develop a hot-hand men- to a popular photo-sharing site called ment Accountability Office and others tality. Flickr and then determined some of have determined, and this is not small Now let me put my cards on the table the top photograph sites in the world. change. People work really hard to and explain what this means. Research- What did they find? Unsurprisingly, raise this kind of money and are then ers taught monkeys to keep gambling the most popular sites included the Eif- taxed at a level of $176 billion only to and keep playing, despite potential fel Tower, Big Ben, the Empire State see every dollar and every penny of risk, in order to maximize their re- Building. Unfortunately, the Indianap- that essentially wasted through fraud wards. Instead of earning money, which olis Motor Speedway was not included, or abuse. the monkeys weren’t going to take the which is disturbing to me. They also I will keep coming to the floor, so money to a store and spend, the mon- found that the Apple store on Fifth Av- stay tuned for next week’s revelation. I keys were rewarded with food. It turns enue in New York City is more popular could probably come down and do this out the monkeys tried to get as much on Flickr than the White House. You every day when the Senate is in session food as possible from their gambling can come to your own conclusions as to because I am just scratching the sur- game. In other words, knowing there what you might think about that, but face. We will keep pointing out how the was going to be the reward of more we have to ask ourselves: Was this people’s money is being spent, and food if they kept gambling, the mon- basic Internet research really worth $2 hopefully on the basis of that, Congress keys kept gambling. million of taxpayer money? The re- will take action to make sure it no First of all, I didn’t know monkeys searchers said it is because the work longer falls under the category of could gamble so I guess we learned can help with online travel guides and waste, fraud, and abuse. something there. Secondly, my bet is improve social media sites’ ability to With that, I yield the floor. guess where a photo was taken. Help- I suggest the absence of a quorum. that taxpayers agree with me that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ing improve online travel guides and there are much more pressing issues clerk will call the roll. that deserve Federal funding. social media geolocation services is not The bill clerk proceeded to call the The second example I want to talk exactly part of the NSF’s original mis- roll. about is the nearly $2 million grant to sion, which I read to you. Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I ask Cornell University for a study on pop- What can Congress do about these unanimous consent that the order for ular landmark photos. This money was kind of things? One problem with the quorum call be rescinded. used to study photos that have been Congress’s inability to crack down on The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. posted—I think we have a chart here. wasteful spending is the lack of trans- TOOMEY). Without objection, it is so or- We actually found a picture of the parency, and what we are doing here is dered. monkeys gambling. Here are their trying to be transparent. We are expos- Mr. BROWN. I ask unanimous con- chips. Somehow they taught them to ing to my colleagues, we are exposing sent to proceed as in morning business. gamble. They were rewarded with food. to the American public the kind of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The monkeys figured out pretty quick- waste that is going on with their hard- objection, it is so ordered. ly that if they kept gambling, they earned tax dollars. They sent their VETERANS FIRST ACT could get more food. hard-earned tax dollars to Washington Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I want to It is not unlike my dog. We wake up thinking that it would be invested in thank my colleagues from the Veterans in the morning, and the first one up in building new roads, infrastructure, pro- Affairs’ Committee for their work on our house—my wife or myself—feeds viding for our military defense, or the the Veterans First Act. I just left the the dog. If we forget to tell each other veterans who have come home and need committee, where Senator ISAKSON and that we fed the dog—I go off to work, support. No, instead it goes to grants Senator BLUMENTHAL are in their typ- catch a plane to come back to Wash- that go to these kinds of crazy things. ical bipartisan way working together ington—I get a call from my wife: Did That is why I submitted an amendment with the VA to improve veterans’ you feed the dog? Yes, I did feed the to this week’s bill to require the Na- health care. I am appreciative of that. dog. Well, she is sitting here begging, tional Science Foundation to publish They will be on the floor later this looking like, ‘‘Poor thing, I didn’t get the full documents submitted by NSF afternoon to urge the Senate to move anything to eat this morning’’—soulful grant recipients outlining what the re- quickly on this important legislation eyes on Honey Hoosier. That is our dog, search will entail. We can no longer for our Nation’s heroes. soulful eyes looking at you, ‘‘Oh, if you trust the decisionmaking process of the This comprehensive, bipartisan bill could just give me something to eat.’’ National Science Foundation. We want will grant vets and their families ex- My wife says: I fed the dog because I them to publish and provide docu- panded benefits that will ensure that thought you surely didn’t feed the dog mentation to the Congress so we know the VA has resources to provide vet- because she looked so sad. who is and why they are making these erans with the highest quality of care. Hey, she is gaming the whole pro- decisions and where this money is No veteran should face exploitation by gram here. She is very successful with going. for-profit colleges, inadequate care, or me because I look at her and say: Oh, As of today, the NSF provides only life on the street. We address all these you poor thing. Let me give you some short summaries of the proposals that issues with this bill. food. And then my wife comes out later are awarded funds, but these sum- This bill will expand educational op- and says: You know, I fed the dog. I maries are very limited, and, of course, portunities for veterans and their fami- hope you didn’t feed her again. they are written in a way that makes lies, including my constituent, Melissa Anyway, the animals figured it out it look as though it is legitimate and Twine. Ms. Twine is an Air Force vet- pretty quickly, and I don’t know what something that we really need to do. eran from Batavia, east of Cincinnati, this leads to as a conclusion. All I We cannot appropriately fix the prob- in Clermont County. Her husband Phil- know is, why should the taxpayer be lem without all of the information and ip Twine died serving our country in paying for stuff like this? These are fun a clear understanding of the intent of the Air Force.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 00:17 Jun 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G22JN6.034 S22JNPT1 rfrederick on DSK6VPTVN1PROD with SENATE S4456 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 22, 2016 The Fry Scholarship provides GI bill CONGRATULATING THE CLEVE- then. That is how long ago this was. It benefits to surviving spouses and chil- LAND CAVALIERS FOR WINNING was called the NFL championship. Lit- dren of servicemembers who have died THE 2016 NATIONAL BASKETBALL tle did any of us know that we wouldn’t in the line of duty since 9/11. However, ASSOCIATION FINALS see another trophy for another half when Congress extended the benefit to Mr. BROWN. Mr. President, I know I century. spouses in the Veterans Access, Choice, will be joined in a few moments by my I was 12 years old at the time. The Cleveland Cavaliers did not and Accountability Act of 2014, a 15- colleague from Ohio, Senator PORTMAN. exist. The NBA was much smaller. year limitation was put on these bene- I rise to make some remarks on a resolution Senator PORTMAN has sub- Three years earlier, the Indians had fits. Captain Twine passed away in traded the beloved outfielder, the hero 2002, meaning that now, as his wife mitted with me. Mr. President, journalists and sports of all young fans. Rocco Colavito was tries to go back to school to pursue her fans like to describe victories as ‘‘his- traded away to Detroit. The Indians master’s degree, she and so many other toric,’’ and often that is a bit of hyper- were in the midst of losing season after surviving spouses don’t have the time bole. But in the case of the Cleveland losing season. Within a year or 2, they to use this benefit. This bill will fix Cavaliers’ NBA championship win on put together a top-line four-person that and give veterans’ families the op- Sunday, the word ‘‘historic’’ is war- starting pitching staff—Sonny Siebert, portunity to further their education. ranted. Luis Tiant, Sam McDowell, Steve Hargan—but still the Cleveland Indians In addition to expanding the Fry Today, several hundred thousand didn’t win. Scholarship, the bill will expand the people gathered in downtown Cleve- land. Senator PORTMAN and I talked As a 10-year-old, a 12-year-old, and a VA’s Yellow Ribbon Program to help about how we would have liked to have 15-year-old, my dad would take us up students with out-of-pocket tuition joined in. But we have these day jobs, old U.S. 42, often to see a double-head- and fees and to include all spouses and and we just figured we couldn’t really er, back when they played those kinds children of servicemembers who gave go back. Today, literally hundreds of of double-headers on Sunday. their lives fighting for our country. thousands of people are in downtown My dad would never take us to see The bill also incorporates legislation I Cleveland. Some estimates were as the New York Yankees, a team he de- helped to introduce to restore GI bene- high as almost all the adult population spised, because he knew that 15 or 20 fits of veterans who lost credit or of Cuyahoga County. The numbers are cents of our ticket price would go to training time because their school per- pretty spectacular. The word ‘‘his- Mickey Mantle or Roger Maris and manently closed. We have heard too toric’’ is warranted in this Cavaliers Yogi Berra and other Yankees. many stories of shady, for-profit col- victory on Sunday night. Every year I was naive to think the leges that close abruptly, leaving stu- No other team in NBA history has Indians would win the pennant. Never in those years would they even get dents and many veterans in limbo. This come from a 3-to-1 series deficit in the close. By July, or certainly by August, ensures the veterans don’t lose their GI finals, until now. No other major American city has gone so long as it was clear even to this 12-year-old benefits. Cleveland has without winning a major boy that the Indians were not going to We know that, shamefully, too many league sports championship. win the pennant. veterans don’t have a roof over their It is fitting for my city—my wife and For the next 52 years after the 1964 heads or a place to call home. The leg- I call Cleveland home—that this cham- Browns championship, we were chal- islation incorporates elements of the pionship came down to game 7. The se- lenged in the city of Cleveland. The Veteran Housing Stability Act, which ries played out like a metaphor for manufacturing economy that sustained would increase veterans’ access to per- what this means in Cleveland—ever the Northeast Ohio eroded with decades of manent housing options. underdog, down 3 games to 1. policy choices that closed factories and To understand what this victory shipped jobs overseas. Too often there This is an issue that we have been means for our Midwestern city on the was bad trade policy and bad tax pol- working on for years. Last year, I vis- lake, think about the last time we won icy. The population of the city shrank ited organizations around Ohio that a championship in a major sport. None to almost half its population from my are doing terrific work to give veterans of the pages sitting here were born. In boyhood, from my early years. the support they need to get back on fact, some of their parents might not Beginning in 1995, Ohio had 14 years their feet and find permanent homes. have yet been born. It was 1964. of consecutive foreclosure increases, With this bill we will give veterans the Lyndon Johnson was President. Mar- each year more than the year before. support they need. Even one veteran on tin Luther King, Jr., was in the middle But today, downtown Cleveland is the streets means Congress isn’t doing of a very successful civil rights cam- coming back, not just because hun- dreds of thousands of people are in nearly enough to tackle this problem. paign. Robert Kennedy, who sat at this desk on the Senate floor, was still downtown Cleveland celebrating this The legislation also helps ensure alive, campaigning for civil rights and first NBA championship, but it is com- whistleblowers at the VA can disclose economic justice. America was begin- ing back. My wife and I moved into the concerns relating to veterans care ning to hear more and more about city 3 years ago. We wanted to be a without fearing retaliation. Vietnam on the evening news. We had part of this renaissance, and we have It expands a critical program to sup- no idea of the nightmare that it would seen the city beginning to return to its port veteran caregivers. become. glory. The Beatles had just come to Amer- Nothing has embodied the hope and As a country, we made a promise to ica. We had three TV channels in the determination and the grit of our care for veterans in return for their Cleveland—channels 3, 5, and 8. The city like this team. We know that service to this country. Far too often most popular shows were ‘‘Bonanza’’ sports teams are far more than the sum people in this body are willing to vote and ‘‘Bewitched.’’ of their parts. They are a point of con- billions of dollars for defense but then As a boy growing up in Mansfield— nection for people in every walk of life not do what we should with veterans. not far from Cleveland, about 70 in the city. There is a reason we have This bill helps to change that. Right miles—I watched with pride a little begun to call it Believeland. now, 9/11 veterans and their families al- more than 2 years before that when On Monday, a native Clevelander who ready take advantage of this critical Ohio’s John Glenn orbited the Earth in had to move away from his hometown support. This bill will make the same Friendship 7. The moon was still a dis- posted this on Facebook: support available to families and vet- tant dream, and none of us had heard of We draw so much from our teams. It’s astronaut Neil Armstrong. wound up in our identity—a token of the erans of all generations. The Cleveland Browns with Jim pride we have for the local tribe from which I urge my colleagues to move quickly Brown brought home the NFL cham- we came. in this important legislation to protect pionship for us that December. It My wife Connie reposted the man’s and honor our Nation’s heroes. wasn’t even called the Super Bowl back words that night, and hundreds chimed

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