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Abax 278 Acanthoscelides Obtectus 311 Acentria (= Acentropus) 173

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Abax 278 Acanthoscelides Obtectus 311 Acentria (= Acentropus) 173 INDEX Generic and specific names are in italics. Synonyms are indicated by a cross-reference (e.g. Calandra see Sitophilus). Page numbers in bold type denote illustrations. Abax 278 Aeshna (=Aeschna), larval excretion 236 abdomen 13, »-5, 33, 78 Agaonidae 211, 212 appendages of 30, 31, 33; in embryo 101, Agathiphaga 172 102; musculature 41, 42; segmentation 30, Agathtphagidae 172 101; viscera 78 Ageniaspis }ilscicollis, polyembryony 95 abdominal artery 78 Aglossata 172 abdominal ganglia 45, 47 Agriotes 250 Acanthoscelides obtectus 311 larva 153 accessory glands 88 Agriotes lineatus 299 of female 89, 91; of male 91, 92, 93 Agriotes obscurus 299 accessory hearts 79 Agriotes sputator 299 Acentria (= Acentropus) 173 Agromyza 201 acephalous larva 109, 166 Agromyza sonchi, mine 202 Acephate 327, 328 Agromyzidae 204 Acerentomon 121 calcium excretion 84; host specificity 197; Acerentulus 120 as leaf-miners 201-3, 202 acetylcholine 44, 330 Agrotis 303, 337 acetylcholine esterase 44 Agrotis segetum 303 acetyldopamine 8 air-sac 72, 73 acetylglucosamine 7 alarm pheromone 54, 55, 145 Acheta alary muscles see aliform muscles auditory organ 51; tegmen 51 alder-fly see Sialis Acheta domesticus 133, 134 Aldicarb 327, 328, 331 Achroia grisella, sex attractant 55 Aleyrodes proletella 148 Acidia see Euleia Aleyrodidae 148 Aconitum pollination 209 metamorphosis 108 Acrididae 292 Aleyrodoidea, 148 air sacs 72; hearing 51; respiration 75; alienicolae 146 stridulation 51, 52; tympanum 51 aliform muscles 77, 79 Acridoidea 132, 134 alimentary canal 61, 62-5 acron 13, 103 of Archotermopsis 217; of Calliphora 64; acrotergite 19 development 98, 103; excretory role 65, 84; acrotrophic ovariole 90 of Nemobius 63; of Periplaneta 63 activation centre 99 alkaline gland 34, 35 Aculata 180 allantoic acid 83 ovipositor 180, see also sting allantoin 83 Acyrthosiphon pisum 295 allometric growth 104 adaptive radiation 195-6 allomone 54 adecticous pupa 110 allopatric speciation 287 Adelges abietis 205 alternation of generations 206 Adelges cooleyi 207 Altica 298 Adelgidae 146, 207 alveolus 8 adenosine triphosphate 29, 37 Alysia 224 Adephaga 154 Amauris 241 adhesive organ, in Rhodnius 21 amber, insects in 191 aedeagus 31, 32, 91, 92 ambrosia beetles 306, 307 Aedes 317, 318, 319, 320 amino acids, in nutrition 67 medical importance 313,319; tracheal end­ -y-amino butyric acid 44 cell 71 ammonia 83,84,236-7 Aedes aegypti 317, 320 amnion 98, 100, 101 larva 234, 318; pupa 318 amniotic cavity 98, 101, 188 Aedes scutellaris 319 amniotic folds 98, 100, 101 aeropyle 97 Amphigerontia, venation 140 aerosol 330 amphipneustic tracheal system 73 INDEX amplexiform wing-coupling 170 Aphididae 145, 146 amplitude modulation 52 cyclical parthenogenesis 94, 145-6; life­ amylase 66 cycle 145-6, 294; viviparity 96, 145 anal furrow 22 Aphidius 224 anal lobe 22, 191-2 Aphidoidea 145, 146 anal papilla 10, 77, 234 alarm pheromone 55; gall-forming 204, anal veins 24 207; host specificity 197, 201; mycetocyte anamorphosis 30, 120 218; and virus transmission 294-5 anautogeny 232 Aphis craccivora 197 Anax, larval abdomen 129 Aphis fobae 295 Andrena life-cycle 294 as pollinator 208, 211; Stylops parasitic on Aphodius 283 156; visiting flowers 272 aphrodisiac pheromone 55 Andrena carlini, mouthparts 176 Aphytis chrysomphali 271 Andricus kollari 204, 205, 206 Aphytis lingnanensis 271 Andricus quercuscalicis 204, 206 Aphytis melinus 271 androconia 87 Apini 181, 244 Androctenes horvathi 228 Apis mellifera A!1giosperms, and insects 196 alarm pheromone 55; antennal sensilla 53; Angoumois Grain Moth see Sitotroga cerealella circulation 78; colour vision 60; form Anisoptera 128, 129, 130 perception 60; hind leg 177; larva 108; larva 129; larval respiration 77 mouthparts 176; parthenogenesis 94, 243, Annelida 186 247; as pollinator 208, 213; population Anobiidae, as pests 309,310,311 density 245,251; population growth 254; Anobium punctatum 309, 310 pretarsus 21; pupa 110; queen substance 56, Anopheles 316-20 87, 244, 246; regulation in embryo 100; biology 316-17,318--19; larva 234; medical social life 241; sting 34; tarsal receptors 53; importance 313,316,317-18; mouthparts thermoregulation 82; thorax 177; tracheal 163-4,317; oenocytes 86 system 72; venation 176; wax glands 86 Anopheles albimanus 318 apneustic tracheal system 73 Anopheles arabiensis 318 Apocrita 180 Anopheles cla viger 318 larval gut 65; ovipositor 180, 181 Anopheles culiJacies 318 apodeme 11, 36, 37 Anopheles funestus 318 in Dipteran mouthparts 160, 161, 163 Anopheles gambiae 318 apodous larva 108, 109 Anopheles leucosphyrus 318 Apoidea 243 Anopheles maculipennis as pollinators 208 complex 318; larval palmate hair 234 apolysis 104 Anopheles plumbeus 319 apomorphic character 182 Anopheles punctulatus 318 apophyseal pit 19 Anopheles stephensi 318, 319 aposematic coloration 198, 239 Anoplura 142, see also Siphunculata appendages 13 antenna 15 of abdomen 102; development of98, 102; musculature 38 embryonic 98, 101, 102; of head 15, 102 antennal artery 78 Apple Blossom Weevil see Anthonomus antennal lobe 46 pomorum antennal segment 102 Apple Capsid see Plesiqcoris rugicollis anterior cubitus 24 apposition image 59, 60 anterior media 23, 24 Apterygota, a para phyletic group 194 anterior tentorial pit 14 Apterygotes 117 Anthocoridae 218, 334 affinities 188; characteristics 117; fate maps Anthocoris nemorum 218 100; moulting 106; ovariole 90; sperm Anthomyiidae, as leaf-miners 201 transfer 94 Anthonomus grandis 155, 299, 340 Aptinothrips rufus, population density 250 Anthonomus pomorum 300 aquatic life Anthophora 208 adaptations to 76, 84, 233, 234; in Anthrenus 311 Heteroptera 145, 233; in insects 232-7; in antifeedant 198 Lepidoptera 173, 233 Antirrhinum, pollination 209 Arachnida see Chelicerata ant-lion see Myrmeleontidae arboviruses 320 anus 61,65 Archaeognatha 32, 122, 123 Aonidiella aurantii 271 affinities 124, 188--9; characteristics 122-3; aorta 46, 78, 79 literature on 355; moulting 106; thoracic Aphaniptera see Siphonaptera gland 87 Aphelinidae 224, 225 Archips see Choristoneura Aphelocheirus, respiration 76 Architipula 191 385 INDEX Archostemata 154 Belostoma, nervous system 45 Archotermopsis wroughtoni, gut 217 Belostomatidae 145 arista 167 benzene hexachloride see Gamma-HCH Aristolochia grandiflora, pollination 210 benzoylphenylurea 326 Arixenia 135, 136 BHC see Gamma-HCH Arixenia esau 136 Bibionidae 207 armyworm see Spodoptera binomial nomenclature 116 arolium 20, 21 biological control 335-41 Arthropleona 122 biological equilibrium 262--6 Arthropoda Biorhiza pallida 204, 205, 206 characteristics 183; classification 183-5; biotype 197, 285, 288, 341 phylogeny 185, 186 biramous limb 13 Artona catoxantha 336 bird lice see Phthiraptera Arum maculatum, pollination 210 Biston betularia 239 Ascalaphidae 151 Biting house-fly see Stomoxys Asilidae 21, 167 biting lice see Phthiraptera predatory habits 219, 221 Black Arches Moth see Lymantria monacha Asilus barbarus 219 black-flies see Simuliidae Asilus crabroniformis, pretarsus 21 blastoderm 97, 98, 100 Asparagus Beetle see Crioceris asparagi blastokinesis 103 Aspidiotus, fungal association 217 Blastophaga psenes 181, 211 Aspidiotus destructor 297 Blatta 137 association neuron 43 circulation 78, 81; fat-body 67; male asynchronous flight-muscle 27, 37 reproductive system 92, 93; nervous Athous haemorrhoidalis 299 system 45; oenocytes 86 Atlas Moth see Attacus Blattaria 137 Atopatelura, abdomen 125 circulation 78; ootheca 91 A TP see adenosine triphosphate Blattella 137 atrium Blephariceridae 233 in Dipteran larva 166; in spiracle 69 Blepharidopterus angulatus 334 Attacus, size 3, 173 Blissus leucopterus 144 Attagenus pellio 311 blister beetles see Meloidae Atta sextens, population growth 254 blood 77, 79-82 Attini 216 circulation 80-2, 81; respiratory function 79 attractant gland 86-7 blood cells 7'J, 80, 112 auditory organ 48, 50, 51 blood gills 77 Aulacaspis tegalensis 297 blood meal identification 280 Australentulus 120 bloodsucking insects 162, 163-4, 230--2, 231 autogeny 232 blood-worm see Chironomidae Autographa gamma, parasite of 95, 96 blowfly see Callirhora axillary sclerite 26, 27 Blue Swallowtai Butterfly see Battus philenor axon 43 body·cavity 102, see also haemocoel Aysheaia pedunculata 186 Body Louse see Pediculus humanus azadirachtin 198 bollworms see Diparopsis; Earias; Heliothis; Azinphos-methy\ 327, 328 Platyedra Bombini 181 Bacillus popilliae 338 social life 244 Bacillus thuringiensis 338 Bombus 208, 209, 213, 241 backswimmer see Notonectidae population density 251; thermoregulation Baculovirus 337-8 82 baits, insecticidal 330 Bombycidae 173 bark beetles see Scolytidae bombykal55 basalar sclerite 41 bombykol55 basement membrane 8 Bombyliidae 207, 221, 224, 227 basiconic sensillum 48, 53, 56 Bombyx mori 172, 173 basisternum 18, 19 diapause 114; sex attractant 55 Batesian mimicry 238, 240 book lice see Psocoptera bats (Chiroptera) Boopidae 229 commensals 135; ectoparasites 228 Borellia recurrentis 315 and sound perception 171 Boreus 157 Battus philenor 198, 240 bot-flies see Oestridae bed-bugs see Cimex Brachycera 165, 167 bedeguar gall 206 Braconidae 224, 225 bee see Apis, Apoidea, Bombus, Colletes, etc. brain 45,46 bee purple 60 development of 45, 103; functions of 46; beetle see Coleoptera neurosecretion in 46 386 INDEX brain hormone see thoracotropic hormone species 1; predatory adaptations 221; branchia see gill venation 152 branchial chamber, in Ephemeropteran larva Caraboidea 154 128 Caraphractus, swimming 236 Brassolinae 240 Carausius morosus 135 Brevicoryne
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