2011-2012 Newsletter, Issue No. 7 Anthropology Department The Anthropology Department’s 2011-2012 Newsletter, Issue No.7

Cross-border Health Care at the U.S.- Border

By Jennifer Miller-Thayer that originate in cities such I conducted my doctoral dissertation as Palm Springs, Calif., and fieldwork on cross-border healthcare Prescott, Ariz., and take them access in Los Algodones, Mexico. directly to Los Algodones for Having read in newspapers about the day. They cross the border, people from the crossing get their eye glasses, medical into Mexico for medication and other prescriptions and dental work services, I decided to find out why and done, have lunch and then how people were doing this. I also get back on the bus for the wanted to understand how people trip home. I refer to all of these discovered this option and began to people as transnational medical access care in another country. consumers (TMCs) because they are crossing a national I found out that several types of Algodones. Not all medications have border in order to access medical that high of a cost savings, but many people go to Los Algodones for services and goods. medications, eye glasses and dental do. However, this was more complex work. First, there are the snowbirds Social networks are at the heart of than just saving money. In most cases who migrate down to the Southwest this practice. People find out about the TMCs have insurance coverage, every winter. They come from northern how to access care in Mexico, where but the coverage was inadequate U.S. states and , some traveling to access it and how to be safe about for the medications, eye glasses and in RVs, some staying in mobile home it from friends, family members and/ dental work that they needed, either parks and some owning permanent or neighbors who are already doing because of a lack of coverage for those housing in a southwestern state. this themselves. Ninety percent of my services or co-payments that made Another group is the year-round interviewees started their access in them unaffordable. The demand for residents who live in the border area. Mexico this way. There are even chat these services and goods was so high Some of these residents also have room discussions on how this works that Los Algodones built its economy border insurance policies that cover for people who have heard about it, on providing them for U.S. residents. their care as long as they access it but don’t know anyone who has done Therefore, this small town and others in Mexico, although they can get it. like it provide a subsidy for the U.S. emergency care in the United States The main reason why so many medical system by providing services when needed. Lastly, there are the day people were crossing into Mexico for and goods that are not accessible for and weekend crossers who carpool care was basically the cost savings; for these people in the United States. from various U.S. states such as example, 700 pills of Delanotin were For those who need this medical Minnesota, Oregon and Washington $700 at Rite Aid and $380 at Walmart in access and for the townspeople of Los State. Some also take tour busses the United States and only $42 in Los Algodones, it is a win-win situation. Anthropology Alumnus Endows Scholarships Great news! Mike Swank, who recently archaeological field schools. completed our anthropology program, has Mike Swank pursued his interest in anthro- made a pledge to donate enough money pology after he retired from a successful to endow scholarships to the tune of career in business, though he modestly about $6,000 each year. Moreover, while describes himself as having been “lucky.” he slowly builds the size of the endow- Well, in this case we are the lucky ones, ment, Mike will continue to donate funds since Mike chose to donate so generously that we can spend immediately each year to support current and future anthropol- to maintain the scholarships at their cur- ogy students. rent level. We are also grateful to other donors who These scholarships are available only for have also earmarked their donations to anthropology majors and support sum- the department to supplement the sum- mer fieldwork, including participation in mer fieldwork scholarship program. From left: Larry Sharp (CSUSB vice president, advancement), Enrique Gonzales-Salgado (CSBS director of development), Mike Swank, Pete Robertshaw (anthropology chair) and CSUSB President Albert Karnig. Photo: Robert A. Whitehead/CSUSB DEPARTMENT NEWS Adieu to Dr. Bennett Dr. Robertshaw Wins Award Dr. Anne Bennett will leave her full-time position at the end of the Dr. Pete Robertshaw, together with seven other faculty members 2011-2012 academic year in order to spend more time with her from CSUSB, was named a “global academic excellence professor” family and to pursue some of her other interests. We hope that for his achievements in promoting global education. The award she will continue to teach for the department on a part-time basis. was bestowed by a panel of jurists at the 14th annual International However, she will no longer be available for student advising and Business Summit and Research Conference held at Amity Univer- supervision of independent studies and theses. We wish Anne all sity in Noida, India. Unfortunately Dr. Robertshaw was unable to success and happiness in the future. travel to India to receive his award.

ANTHROPOLOGY FACULTY Dr. Russell Barber Dr. Wesley A. Niewoehner For advising in the major, please 537-5523, SB-307 537-5567, SB-313 contact any full-time faculty [email protected] [email protected] member during their office hours (preferably in person) or by phone Dr. Anne Bennett Dr. James C. Pierson or e-mail. 537-5520, SB-302F Emeritus [email protected] 537-5504, SB-311 Anthropology Web site [email protected] http://anthropology.csbs.csusb.edu Dr. Frances F. Berdan Emeritus Dr. Peter T. Robertshaw Newsletter Editorial Team 537-5505, SB-309 Department Chair Alan Llavore [email protected] 537-5551, SB-327G Patricia Massei [email protected] Peter Robertshaw Dr. Kathleen M. Nadeau 537-5503, SB-302D Three-Year Part-Time Lecturers [email protected] Ms. Christine Dias Dr. Jennifer Miller-Thayer ALUMNI NEWS from theCollege ofLiberal Arts, The Dean’s at Cal State Long Hereceived Beach. anaward his master’s degree inappliedanthropology Brandon Fryman, B.A. 2008,hascompleted classes! her chemistry Dr. sent glassbeadsto inoneof Robertshaw got achance to tour thenuclearreactor that getting adegree infood science. Shesays she Mo., (alongwithHarshandherdaughter) Jennifer Clark, B.A. 2005,isinColumbia, they have two boys agedfour andtwo. at theUniversity ofRedlands,working and well: (a2006graduate) husbandEric isstill anthropology program at CSULA.Shereports first year graduate student in the forensic Lynn,Michele B.A. 2009,iscurrently a nearStateline.surveying based inRedlands, Calif., andhasbeenout anewjobwithEcorp Consulting,started Kristina Lindgren, B.A. 2001,hasrecently JoseStateSan andisreally loving it! program andinformation science at inlibrary in district Valencia, hasbegunamaster’s school mediaspecialistintheSaugus a library Natalie Kahn,B.A. as 2009,hasbeenre-hired ceremonies. Award thecommencement during Student Award andtheOverall Achievement List Award, DistinguishedGraduate theMost anthropology alumni.Herfamilyisalldoing for several years, aswell aswithotherCSUSB with DickenEverson, whotaught at CSUSB planner inarchaeology. Shewillbeworking at Caltransworking asanenvironmental Laura Chaffin (Chatterton), B.A.2007,is monkeys. to habituatean effort alocaltroop of vervet as well beinggiven thetaskofheadingup a Ph.D. student withhisresearch onbaboons, Africa following samangomonkeys, assisting the Lajumaprimate research center inSouth at Heis some primate field working work. his Army employers out to allow himto carry David Bush,B.A. 2011,was ableto persuade with the White RiverFirst Nation. Little Johnarchaeological site inthe Yukon each summerdigging inpermafrost at the around theworld. Shealsospendsamonth in Montclair. Sheleadsgroup divingtrips and travel ofAmerica agent Schools at Scuba Niki Verga Berry, B.A. isascubainstructor anthropology at the University of North anthropology at theUniversity ofNorth Texas. accepted into theM.A.program inapplied Ashley (O’Neill), Sauer B.A. 2008,hasbeen andhasreturned to .University (UK) master’s degree inarchaeology at Durham Jenn Richards, B.A. 2010,completed her archaeologist. employed by Ecorp Consulting asafield Jennifer B.A. Ramirez, 2011,isalso for theChildren’s Zone. Discovery oversees audience andprogram development World Culture Arabia, inSaudi where he coordinator Abdulaziz Center at King for Paul Perry, B.A. 1996,isnow program Korea inSouth andJapan. instruction communications, editingandlanguage ofpositionsinbusiness has heldavariety recent In based inArkansas. years she administrator a forcompany Staffmark, Rut Nieves, B.A. asan 2007,isworking hours anddecomposing pigsinpajamas. experience inthefield, but for now it’s alllab get to work withthecoroner’s office andget that shereally loves year it. Next shewill works asanarchaeologist for CRM TECH inColton, Calif. Charitable Trust. This scholarshiprecognizes veterans anddescendants ofveterans. Robert M.A. student, received of a$5,000scholarshipand certificate recognition from the Zapletal November,In Porter, 2011Robert B.A. inAnthropology 2000and acurrent interdisciplinary ChelseaParham,Summer Scholarships: Josh Van andJessicaRamirez. Buskirk ChelseaParham. to theDepartment: Service Outstanding AcademicOutstanding Achievement: KelliDahlhauserandJohnRudik. ElisabethCook, Behavioral Sciences2011Awards Ceremony onSaturday, June11,2011: The following students received awards departmental at theCollege and ofSocial Cook. Elisabeth to ChelseaParham, right)are: JohnRudik, (left Pictured Dr. Robertshaw, Kelli Dahlhauser, around theworld. and confidence within many diverse cultures greatly helpedhiminestablishingrapport He says hisanthropological background has andengineering consultant. manufacturing Timothy Worthington Sr., B.A. 1980,isa Center. clinician at Loma LindaUniversity Medical Permanenteboth anRNat Kaiser andanurse from NewMexico State University andisnow Sciences 2002,obtainedanursingdegree Christine (Cobos) Vargas, B.A. Social theCPAtaking exams soon. amaster’searn degree intaxation andwillbe Franciscoin theSan Bay area. Sheplansto accountantproject at GCIGeneralContractors Lyudmila Stoupnikova, B.A. 2009,isa the play. thepremierewill mark for stagedproduction benefitintheIMMRAMAfringe festival, this Festival 2012inLismore, Waterford, Ireland. A Vanessa Hyde at theLismore Travel Writing “The Victorian Traveler,” by actress performed soloplay,major 1987,willhave herone-act B.A.Linda Stockham, 1975, M.A.special ‘Steps Through Time: The Emerging Human’ In May of 2011, The Anthropology Museum opened an exhibit curated a Success; ‘Beads’ Is Next Exhibit by Wes Niewoehner with the as- sistance of two student co-curators: Linda Apodaca and Danica Langston. That exhibit, “Steps Through Time: The Emerging Human,” traced the de-

N ews velopment of modern human beings through stations focusing on major human adaptations as reflected in the skeleton. The next exhibit will open in May of 2012: “Beads,” an exploration of the 90,000-year story of beads as orna- ment, symbol and religious device. A variety of historic beads will be presented, as well as stations dis- M useum cussing bead manufacture, use of beads as symbols of identity, prayer beads, beads as amulets and spiritual protectors, and the impact of the colonial bead trade. Many of the examples on exhibit will be the work of Sharon Yellowfly, a traditional Blackfoot beader.

At the ‘Steps Through Time: The Emergining Human’ opening reception at The Anthropology Museum, counter- clockwise from top: Linda Apodaca, Dr. Wes Niewoehner and Danica Langston (from left to right); one of the skeletons that was part of the exhibit; and Dr. Russell Barber, The Anthropology Museum coordinator, and Dr. Jim Pierson, emeritus faculty. Photos by Corrine Jamieson/CSUSB

New Faculty Member effectively mobilize scientific knowledge, public debates over mining development and The Anthropology Department is delighted indigenous discourses, laws and creative forms has co-authored two book chapters on the to welcome our newest tenure-track faculty of protest to stop the intersections of post-neoliberal state practices member. Teresa Velásquez is currently extraction of gold from and multinational mining development. Her completing her doctoral dissertation at the their watershed. Collective research interests include the anthropology of University of Texas at Austin. She earned her political action, Teresa knowledge, social movements, nature, gender, B.A. in International Relations at UC Davis. argues, has transformed race/ethnicity, and the state. Teresa is especially farmers’ relations with interested in activist and collaborative research Teresa is a cultural anthropologist whose work each other and with their methodologies. She has worked for more than examines conflicts over sustainable mining environment. ten years in Ecuador on questions of resource development in the Ecuadorian highlands. Her She has published an conflicts with indigenous, environmental and dissertation research, carried out in the Azuay farmer organizations. province, examines how farmer organizations article on the role of science in organizing ALPACA has been on to presentations by top Meso-American a never-ending roller scholars, such as Dr. Berdan and Alfredo coaster ride this year. We Lopez Austin. ALPACA’s attendance at the have continued to host our symposium was recognized by CSULA’s traditional ethnic dines, as Art History Society’s president and adviser. well as incorporating new Through that event we have created events, such as student-led networks with Cal Poly and CSULA’s presentations, to our agenda. anthropology clubs. Our first ethnic dine took Perhaps our greatest achievement of the place at the Wok ‘N’ South, winter quarter was acquiring club Mongolian BBQ, on Del T-shirts and hoodies. v entures Rosa Avenue. We later took Later in the quarter, Professor Dubois advantage of our visit to gave a very well-attended presentation LACMA’s exhibit “Contested on his research on the historical ecology Visions,” and ate with our hands of rock art in the north central Andes at the Merkato, an Ethiopian restaurant in of Peru. Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles. We celebrated For the spring quarter we are planning the end of the 2011 winter quarter with a trip to San Diego’s Museum of Man. an ethnic food pot-luck dinner at Desiree Taking advantage of the trip, we will Lopez’s house in the High Desert. We had also be hosting an ethnic dine at Pokez more than 20 dishes of food from all over Vegetarian Mexican food in Downtown the world from which to choose. Those San Diego. dishes included foods such as pad-thai, Later in the quarter, we hosted student-led vegan cupcakes, Croatian rice, bratwurst presentations on archaeological field schools. ALPACA would like to thank all that and sauerkraut, Indian tacos, chicken/veggie Soon thereafter, we hosted our largest ethnic have participated in our events, and a kabobs and baklava. dine at the tiny Spanish Tapas Viva Madrid special thanks to Patricia and the CSUSB Anthropology Department. For our first event of the winter quarter, we restaurant in Claremont. walked on the wild side by eating at the “C”- We also attended CSULA’s Art History This year’s ALPACA officers are Manny Galaviz, rated Thai food restaurant on Kendall Avenue, Society’s symposium, “Teotihuacan to president; Monique Corona, vice president; but I assure you that nobody became ill from Tenochtitlan: Cultural Continuity in Central Desiree Lopez, treasurer; Kat Souratha, eating the delicious Thai food. Mexico.” At the symposium we listened secretary; Andrea Frost, historian; Rhaine Waters, honorary shaman. Seeking Support 2011-2012 ALPACA A d ALPACA 2011-2012 The Anthropology Department is very grateful to those who have donated to the department during the last year. As a result of your generosity, we have given some student scholarships and used money to buy materials for exhibits in our Anthropology Museum. Most of our own faculty are also continuing to contribute via payroll deduction to a scholarship fund for our anthropology majors. We hope that some of you will consider adding your donations to the department or designating a larger gift in your name or in someone else’s honor. We have many needs, including scholarships, our mu- seum, student fieldwork and travel, and lab equipment. If you would like to make a donation to the department, either con- tact Dr. Pete Robertshaw ([email protected] or (909) 537-5551) or simply send us a check, letting us know if you have a preference for where we put your donation to use. You can also donate on-line by clicking on the “Give to CSUSB” button on the university’s home page (csusb.edu), but please make sure to specify your gift is for Anthropology. For additional information on how to establish a named or endowed scholarship fund in the CSUSB College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, please contact our director of develop- ment, Enrique Gonzalez-Salgado, at (909) 537-7363. FACULTY NEWS Russell Barber Aztec Daily Life (co-authored in a community college setting. I with Michael E. Smith of also recently had the opportunity I am happy to report that my State University). During the past to be an expert reviewer for a grant article, “Numerical Place Names year I also published an article, for the National Science Foundation in California,” was accepted for “Rebeliones contra Tenochtitlan,” (NSF). In March of this year I will publication in the Mexican journal Arqueología be presenting my paper titled, “‘Is in Names, the Mexicana, and consulted with film it safe?’ Exploring Cross-Border journal of the producers for a History Channel Healthcare at the U.S.-Mexican Onomastics production called “The Story of All Border,” at the Society for Applied Society. A second of Us” (they’re including an Aztec Anthropology/Society for Medical article, “Adena segment). I am especially excited Anthropology joint meeting in Tablets, Vultures, about receiving permission (with Baltimore, Md. This paper is based and Dualism,” has two other researchers) from the on a chapter in my dissertation been submitted National Museum of the American that deals with the perceptions and to the Mid- Indian (Smithsonian Institution) for issues of risk and safety of cross- continental Journal of Archaeology scientific analyses of turquoise and border healthcare practices in the and is under consideration. My adhesive materials from mosaic border region where I worked. ongoing revision of Doing Historical objects in their collections. It looks Archaeology for its second edition Kathleen Nadeau like all of the turquoise found in is progressing and nearing Last year, I published an article, Mesoamerica did not come from completion. In the meantime, “So far, yet home? The Impact of the U.S. Southwest (as previously most of my time is consumed Colonization thought), and this research should with planning and execution and contribute to our rapidly changing of the upcoming exhibit in The Globalization on ideas about these Mesoamerican- Anthropology Museum: “Beads.” the Philippine Southwest U.S. relationships. That exhibit will explore the Family,” in prehistory and history of beads, Jennifer Miller-Thayer the East Asian their significance and their use and I was the co-organizer of the Pastoral Review, will open in spring 2012. California Community College 48 (4): 247-257. Frannie Berdan Anthropology This journal is Teachers published by I am happy to say that my Association the East Asian Pastoral Institute seemingly endless book, Aztec (CCCATA) of Ateneo de Manila University Archaeology and meeting held in the Philippines, where I often Ethnohistory, in Paso Robles, stay when in Manila. This institute has finally been Calif., this past brings together liberation theology submitted to January (2012), practitioners from around Asia, its publisher, since I teach at coming from the different world Cambridge Chaffey College religions in the ecumenical University Press. as well as at CSUSB. I will also be the movement for the promotion of And while it co-organizer for this same meeting human, animal, and environmental feels good next year. This meeting allows rights. I also published three to catch my community college anthropology encyclopedia articles on “Lingam,” breath a bit, professors to share teaching “Yoni,” and “Devadasi” in the I am already beginning another techniques and discuss issues Encyclopedia of the Middle East book for the same publisher, relevant to teaching anthropology and South Asia, edited by Gordon Newby. My work with the Filipino of the exhibit. Overall, this exhibit Peter Robertshaw American student organization, was a great success and certainly My book for young adults, Every Lubos PASO, is on-going. Each year helps to increase the visibility of the Bone Tells A Story, co-authored with the students perform an annual department. Jill Rubalcaba, has been translated Celebration of Pilipino Culture event On the research front, I attended into Italian and at the Sturges Center for the Fine the 2011 Paleoanthropology Society published as Gli Arts in San Bernardino. The San meetings and presented my poster, Antenati: Che cosa Bernardino Concert Committee is Is the Neandertal opponens pollicis ci raccontano i più sponsoring this year’s event. insertion a flange or just a large crest?, antichi resti umani Wes Niewoehner which focuses on the morphology of by the publishing In last year’s newsletter, I the Neandertal first metacarpal, the house Zanichelli mentioned that I was planning an bone that runs through the palm of Editori. During exhibit on human origins for the the hand at the base of the thumb. the process of Department Museum. After much Neandertal first metacarpals are translation Jill and I had the chance fretting, planning, remarkable for their large their large to update the information on the and help from my opponens pollicis muscle insertion, famous Iceman found in the Alps. colleagues, the which is expressed as a flange- Although this discovery was made exhibit opened like projecting ridge. Interestingly, more than 20 years ago, laboratory in May of 2011. the flange is apparent, though analyses continue to yield new facts Two anthropology not fully expressed, even in young about the final hours of his life. majors, Danica Neandertals. Some argue that only I have four papers that will soon Langston and Neandertals exhibit this unique form see the light of day: two of them Linda Apodaca, of the opponens insertion while are research articles on chemical were also virtually all other modern humans do analyses of glass beads from African instrumental in the design and not. One notable exception to this sites; one is a book chapter on the mounting of the display cabinets, pattern is the European early modern archaeology of human migrations in giving them valuable, practical human Sunghir 1. The flange-like sub-Saharan Africa; and the last is the museum-design experience. The opponens insertion on Sunghir 1 is written version of the presentation exhibit, Steps Through Time: The presented as one (but not the only) on archaeology’s role in future multi- Emerging Human, presents our example of evidence for Neandertal disciplinary research on the African current knowledge of the origins admixture with European early past that I gave at a symposium of the human lineage based on modern humans. The admixture last year at Rice University in Texas. the fossil record. The opening was argument, though, assumes that I am also currently writing a paper well-attended (in fact, the museum the opponens insertion morphology on the human remains and burial space was totally packed) and the is not a developmentally plastic practices that were uncovered by my comments by the attendees were reflection of habitual behaviors and excavations in Uganda. overwhelmingly positive. The that the Neandertal flange is not simply a highly developed opponens I continue to serve as one exhibit utilizes our own collection of three editors for the peer- of fossil casts as well as recent crest. My research indicates that opponens crest morphology is, in reviewed academic journal Azania: human and nonhuman primate Archaeological Research in Africa that skeletal material. Additionally, our fact, developmentally plastic and therefore cannot be used as evidence is published four times per year by department was able to secure Routledge. funding to have full-sized replicas of for Neandertal/European early the Lucy skeleton and a Neandertal modern human admixture. skeleton on display for the first week Anthropology Department #101 Dr. Pete Robertshaw, Chair 5500 University Parkway, SB-327G San Bernardino, CA 92407-2393

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Gustatory Corner: Borscht If the only borscht you have eaten is the thin beet soup made by Manischevitz, you have never really tasted borscht. The real thing is thick – ideally so thick that a spoon will stand upright in it – and brimming with flavor. In the Ukraine, where borscht originated, it typically is made with beets, onions, carrots, parsley root, cabbage and a little bit of meat; when it spread to other parts of the old Russian Empire, it took on re- gional flavors but retained its basic root-vegetable composition. For both Jews and Gentiles, borscht is quintessential Russian peasant food. Besides the fact that it is so delicious, why has borscht been so popular? Much of the answer lies with those root vegetables. Root vegetables can be grown successfully in soils and climates that would not support grains or leafy vegetables. And root vegetables have a tremendous advantage over other kinds of vegetables: they store well. Root vegetables can be stored for several months in a cool place, like a root cellar. Alternatively, they can be left in the ground (providing it doesn’t freeze solid during winter) and har- vested as needed. During the various wars that ravaged Eastern Europe during the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, armies of- ten scavenged food as they marched, but they wouldn’t expend the time and effort required to pull beets, carrots, and parsnips. Storing your vegetables in the ground they grew in effectively protected them from scavenging soldiers.