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200 Years of Christianity in New Zealand

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200 Years of Christianity in New Zealand 200 Years of Christianity in New Zealand By Rex Morgan 1642. On see- ing the two ships in Golden any Christians in New Bay, the Maori Zealand are celebrating the launched sever- 200th year since the first M al canoes to take public Christian service was held a closer look at in New Zealand in 1814. This anni- the strangers. versary is important, not only to the Unfortunately history of their faith, but to the devel- there was some opment of New Zealand as a whole. disagreement Christianity had a very significant and a skirmish role in the founding of our nation, in- in which four cluding the signing of the Treaty of Europeans and Waitangi. Christians were the back- a Maori lost their bone of the first permanent settle- lives. ment by Europeans in New Zealand, After that having been invited by Maori to live Tasman avoid- near them. Indeed, Christianity has ed contact with contributed immensely to the growth Maori, whom he and success of our nation. considered as Many Kiwis have a rather sketchy ‘enemies’. He knowledge of their country’s histo- never set foot ry. History is notorious for being a on shore, but it dull and boring study. But it doesn’t was the Dutch have to be that way. A look at the re- who called the cords of early European settlement country ‘Nieuw in Aotearoa can be quite enthralling. Zeeland’. A Celtic cross at Rangihoua Bay commemorates the arrival of Have you ever wondered what the It was over 100 missionary Samuel Marsden and his Christian message Maori thought when they first spotted years before the in 1814. huge ships with billowing sails off the next European it Mount Egmont! Du Fresne’s crew coast? How did they respond when visitor, James Cook, came in 1769. set up camp for a while and got on the white-skinned people wearing He spent six months sailing around quite well with Maori, but when they strange clothing wanted to come New Zealand, and made contact moved an abandoned canoe to their ashore? How long was it before the with Maori on a few occasions, camp, the Maori objected and killed visitors began building European even trading some food with them. du Fresne and some of his men. houses? How did the first horses and Amazingly, the French explorer Jean By this time there were convict set- cattle come to New Zealand? Whose de Surville arrived at almost exact- tlements in Australia and on Norfolk idea was the Treaty of Waitangi? The ly the same time, and his ship criss- Island, and in 1793 a ship was sent answers to questions like these can crossed the path of Cook’s without to pick up a couple of Maori, named be fascinating. either of them actually realising the other was there! Tuki and Huru, and take them to teach the Norfolk Islanders how to The First European Visitors Three years later another French use flax to make ropes and clothes. Most Kiwis know that the first re- navigator, Marion du Fresne, turned Philip King, the Governor of Norfolk corded European sighting of ‘the up and gave names to a few plac- Island, developed a special attach- land of the long white cloud’ was by es, including ‘Mascarin Peak’, not ment to the two men. He gave them the Dutch navigator Abel Tasman in knowing Cook had already named axes and tools, and when they Issue 21 3 Meanwhile, back in New Zealand some of the whaling and sealing cap- tains were mistreating some Maori, promising to sail them to Australia, and then flogging them and using them as slaves. In retaliation Maori attacked a ship, the Boyd, and set it on fire, killing and eating the captain and crew. An interesting account records that Ruatara, wishing to introduce wheat production into New Zealand, brought back a quantity of seed wheat to share with a number of chiefs. It grew well, but the Maori, never having seen it before, thought they would find the grain in the roots, as with potatoes. When no grain was found they pulled all the plants out and burnt them. Ruatara left his wheat to mature and the lo- cals were amazed to see that the wheat grew at the top of the plants!1 Shipping between Australia and New Zealand was very irregular, so Samuel Marsden bought his own brig, the Active, and sent it across the Tasman in June 1814 with two missionaries, Thomas Kendall, a schoolteacher, and William Hall, a carpenter. Marsden believed in teaching physical skills, as well as spiritual instruction. Kendall and Hall arrived at Ruatara’s home at Rangihoua in the Bay of In December 1814, Anglican missionary Samuel Marsden arrived at the Bay of Islands, and began to teach the lo- Islands after journeying from his base in New South Wales. He came ashore at cals gardening and building tech- Rangihoua Bay on Christmas Day and preached the first Christian sermon ever niques. Kendall started lessons for delivered in New Zealand, to Maori and Europeans. This is artist Russell Clark’s the children. After a few weeks they depiction of the event, painted in 1964. took Ruatara back to Australia, along Permission of the Aleander Turnbull Library, Wellington NZ, must be obtained before any reuse of this image. with three other chiefs. As an insight returned home they requested the convict settlement in New South into the way learning was achieved, ship’s guns to be fired, which caused Wales. He visited Governor King on records show that the Maori were the other Maori much amazement! Norfolk Island and found out how given a fishhook for every page of an well the Maori were regarded. So English grammar book they learnt on Before long, whaling and sealing he invited some of the Maori living the voyage! ships began visiting New Zealand in Australia to stay at his home in and made further contact with Marsden himself joined the next trip Parramatta. He got on particularly Maori, taking some of them to live in to New Zealand, which had 35 people well with Te Pahi, an important chief Australia. on board, including Ruatara and nine from the Bay of Islands, and his other Maori, as well as cattle, sheep, Enter Samuel Marsden nephew Ruatara. Marsden learnt pigs, poultry, horses, goats, cats, and In 1794, on the recommendation Maori from Ruatara, and taught dogs. ‘It bore a perfect resemblance of the anti-slavery reformer William him English and skills such as gar- to Noah’s Ark!’ commented a sailor in Wilberforce, Samuel Marsden was dening, and they began discussing the ship’s journal, adding that ‘It wasn’t sent to Australia as chaplain to the spiritual matters. very comfortable’. 4 Inside Life The Story of Tarore even sent a message to Ngakuku to Tarore’s apologise for killing Tarore. Grave In 1835 a missionary gave a twelve year old Maori girl called Tarore Although his friends expressed a a small book entitled ‘Te Rongopai desire for utu (revenge), Ngakuku a Ruka’, the gospel of Luke in had also been touched by the Maori. Tarore’s father, Ngakuku, message of Luke, and he forgave was the chief of the Waikato tribe. Uita. And so the two tribes were He saw that Tarore treasured the reconciled. Peace had come, not book very highly, so he asked her through war, but through listening to to read it to him. and practicing the words of a book, interesting evidence that truly the One night when Tarore’s pen can be mightier than the sword. family needed to travel across the Kaimai ranges to Tauranga, But that wasn’t the end of the story. they stopped to spend the night at The slave, Ripahau, later went south the Wairere Falls. Their camp- to Otaki and taught Tamihana, the fire attracted a raiding party from son of the great chief Te Rauparaha minister had yet travelled there, a rival Rotorua tribe, led by Uita. to read. He sent back to Rotorua for many Maori had learned to Tarore was killed while sleeping more books and amazingly Tarore’s read and write and had become with the book under her pillow. Uita very book was returned to him, still Christians. The only book they had took the book, but he was unable to with Ngakuku’s name in it! Tamihana known was Tarore’s ‘Te Rongopai read, so it lay discarded for some became a Christian, as did Ripahau, a Ruka’. What an amazing and time. One day a slave, Ripahau, and even Te Rauparaha was strong- productive journey had been who was able to read, came on a ly influenced by Christianity. Tarore’s taken by this little book! visit. He read Tarore’s book aloud book was then taken down to the to Uita, who was convicted by its South Island, and used to spread The gospel of Luke is widely words. He took to heart the mes- the gospel there. When Bishop available today. sage to love one’s enemies, and Selwyn visited the South Island six decided to become a Christian. He years later, although no European Have you read it? On 22 December 1814 they landed It is interesting to note that the mis- stand up and sit down at the right at Ruatara’s pa of Rangihoua, where sionaries came to New Zealand at time, and if anyone started talking, the Maori were amazed to see the the request of Maori, and the hosts he tapped them on the head with his strange animals from abroad.
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