Appendix B from NOAA-TM-AFSC-115
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Wasting Disease and Static Environmental Variables Drive Sea
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 520 (2019) 151209 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jembe Wasting disease and static environmental variables drive sea star T assemblages in the Northern Gulf of Alaska ⁎ Brenda Konara, , Timothy James Mitchella, Katrin Ikena, Heather Colettib, Thomas Deanc, Daniel Eslerd, Mandy Lindeberge, Benjamin Pisterf, Benjamin Weitzmana,d a University of Alaska Fairbanks, PO Box 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA b US National Park Service, Inventory and Monitoring Program, Southwest Alaska Network, 4175 Geist Road, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA c Coastal Resource Associates, 5190 El Arbol Dr., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA d US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA e NOAA Fisheries, AFSC, Auke Bay Laboratories, 17109 Pt Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801, USA f US National Park Service, Kenai Fjords National Park, 411 Washington Street, Seward, AK 99664, USA ABSTRACT Sea stars are ecologically important in rocky intertidal habitats where they can play an apex predator role, completely restructuring communities. The recent sea star die-off throughout the eastern Pacific, known as Sea Star Wasting Disease, has prompted a need to understand spatial and temporal patterns of seastarassemblages and the environmental variables that structure these assemblages. We examined spatial and temporal patterns in sea star assemblages (composition and density) across regions in the northern Gulf of Alaska and assessed the role of seven static environmental variables (distance to freshwater inputs, tidewater glacial presence, exposure to wave action, fetch, beach slope, substrate composition, and tidal range) in influencing sea star assemblage structure before and after sea star declines. -
Kelp Forest Monitoring Handbook — Volume 1: Sampling Protocol
KELP FOREST MONITORING HANDBOOK VOLUME 1: SAMPLING PROTOCOL CHANNEL ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK KELP FOREST MONITORING HANDBOOK VOLUME 1: SAMPLING PROTOCOL Channel Islands National Park Gary E. Davis David J. Kushner Jennifer M. Mondragon Jeff E. Mondragon Derek Lerma Daniel V. Richards National Park Service Channel Islands National Park 1901 Spinnaker Drive Ventura, California 93001 November 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................1 MONITORING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................... Species Selection ...........................................................................................2 Site Selection .................................................................................................3 Sampling Technique Selection .......................................................................3 SAMPLING METHOD PROTOCOL......................................................................... General Information .......................................................................................8 1 m Quadrats ..................................................................................................9 5 m Quadrats ..................................................................................................11 Band Transects ...............................................................................................13 Random Point Contacts ..................................................................................15 -
Pisaster Ochraceus (Ochre Star)
Benjamin Miner INFECTIOUSNESS OF SEA STAR Western Washington WASTING DISEASE University Shannon Point Marine Center FUNDING AND COLLABORATORS NSF . co-PI Ian Hewson WA SeaGrant . Co-PI Melissa Miner Western Washington University SEA STAR WASTING SYNDROME General description for a set of symptoms that are found in sea stars Typically, lesions appear in the ectoderm followed by decay of tissue surrounding the lesions, leading to eventual fragmentation of the body and death GEOGRAPHIC EXTENT Data from MARINe Locations of die-offs . Vancouver area BC (fall 2013) . Seattle area WA (fall 2013) . Monterey Bay area, CA (fall 2013) . Southern CA (winter & spring 2014) . Oregon coast (spring 2014) . Salish sea (late spring 2014) . Sitka AK & Northern Vancouver Island (fall 2014) . BC, CA SPECIES AFFECTED Evidence of disease . Pycnopodia helianthoides (sunflower star) . Evasterias trochelii (mottled star) . Pisaster ochraceus (ochre star) . Pisaster brevispinus (giant pink star) . Solaster dawsoni (morning sun star) . Patiria miniata (bat star) . Solaster stimpsoni (striped sun star) . Orthasterias koehleri (rainbow star) . Pisaster giganteus (giant star) . Dermasterias imbricata (leather star) . Leptasterias spp (six-armed star) . Mediaster aequalis (vermilion star) . Henricia spp. Linkia columbiae (fragile star) . Astropecten spp. (sand star) . Crossaster papposus (rose star) . Stylasterias forreri (velcro star) . Astrometis sertulifera (fragile rainbow star) Appears unaffected . Pteraster spp. CAUSE OF THE DISEASE Evidence suggests that it is a virus. There is also evidence that environmental factors are involved. Star probably die of a secondary bacterial infection. QUESTIONS QUESTIONS Can individuals with signs of the disease affect “healthy” conspecifics? .Is the viral load of the densovirus associated with wasting disease higher in “sick” individuals? Does temperature affect the progression of the disease? INFECTIOUSNESS EXPERIMENT DESIGN PYCNOPODIA HELIANTHOIDES Collection sites . -
Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and Its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions
Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) Research Document 2016/035 Pacific Region Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions Emily Rubidge1, Katie S. P. Gale1, Janelle M. R. Curtis2, Erin McClelland3, Laura Feyrer4, Karin Bodtker5, Carrie Robb5 1Institute of Ocean Sciences Fisheries & Oceans Canada P.O. Box 6000 Sidney, BC V8L 4B2 2Pacific Biological Station Fisheries & Oceans Canada 3190 Hammond Bay Rd Nanaimo, BC V9T 1K6 3EKM Scientific Consulting 4BC Ministry of Environment P.O. Box 9335 STN PROV GOVT Victoria, BC V8W 9M1 5Living Oceans Society 204-343 Railway St. Vancouver, BC V6A 1A4 May 2016 Foreword This series documents the scientific basis for the evaluation of aquatic resources and ecosystems in Canada. As such, it addresses the issues of the day in the time frames required and the documents it contains are not intended as definitive statements on the subjects addressed but rather as progress reports on ongoing investigations. Research documents are produced in the official language in which they are provided to the Secretariat. Published by: Fisheries and Oceans Canada Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat 200 Kent Street Ottawa ON K1A 0E6 http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/ [email protected] © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2016 ISSN 1919-5044 Correct citation for this publication: Rubidge, E., Gale, K.S.P., Curtis, J.M.R., McClelland, E., Feyrer, L., Bodtker, K., and Robb, C. 2016. Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions. -
Echinodermata
Echinodermata Bruce A. Miller The phylum Echinodermata is a morphologically, ecologically, and taxonomically diverse group. Within the nearshore waters of the Pacific Northwest, representatives from all five major classes are found-the Asteroidea (sea stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins, sand dollars), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars, basket stars), and Crinoidea (feather stars). Habitats of most groups range from intertidal to beyond the continental shelf; this discussion is limited to species found no deeper than the shelf break, generally less than 200 m depth and within 100 km of the coast. Reproduction and Development With some exceptions, sexes are separate in the Echinodermata and fertilization occurs externally. Intraovarian brooders such as Leptosynapta must fertilize internally. For most species reproduction occurs by free spawning; that is, males and females release gametes more or less simultaneously, and fertilization occurs in the water column. Some species employ a brooding strategy and do not have pelagic larvae. Species that brood are included in the list of species found in the coastal waters of the Pacific Northwest (Table 1) but are not included in the larval keys presented here. The larvae of echinoderms are morphologically and functionally diverse and have been the subject of numerous investigations on larval evolution (e.g., Emlet et al., 1987; Strathmann et al., 1992; Hart, 1995; McEdward and Jamies, 1996)and functional morphology (e.g., Strathmann, 1971,1974, 1975; McEdward, 1984,1986a,b; Hart and Strathmann, 1994). Larvae are generally divided into two forms defined by the source of nutrition during the larval stage. Planktotrophic larvae derive their energetic requirements from capture of particles, primarily algal cells, and in at least some forms by absorption of dissolved organic molecules. -
Asterias Amurensis Global Invasive
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Asterias amurensis Asterias amurensis System: Marine Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Echinodermata Asteroidea Forcipulatida Asteriidae Common name North Pacific seastar (English), Nordpazifischer Seestern (German), Japanese seastar (English), northern Pacific seastar (English), purple-orange seastar (English), flatbottom seastar (English), Japanese starfish (English) Synonym Parasterias albertensis , Verrill, 1914 Asterias rubens , Murdoch, 1885 Asterias pectinata , Brandt, 1835 Asterias nortonensis , Clark, 1920 Asterias anomala , Clark, 1913 Asterias amurensis , f. robusta Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. latissima Djakonov, 1950 Allasterias rathbuni nortonens , Verrill, 1909 Allasterias rathbuni , var. anom Verrill, 1909 Allasterias rathbuni , var. nort Verrill, 1914 Asterias amurensis , f. acervispinis Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. flabellifera Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. gracilispinis Djakonov, 1950 Similar species Pisaster brevispinus, Pisaster giganteus, Pisaster ochraceus Summary Originally found in far north Pacific waters and areas surrounding Japan, Russia, North China, and Korea, the northern Pacific seastar (Asterias amurensis) has successfully invaded the southern coasts of Australia and has the potential to move as far north as Sydney. The seastar will eat a wide range of prey and has the potential for ecological and economic harm in its introduced range. Because the seastar is well established and abundantly widespread, eradication is almost impossible. However, prevention and control measures are being implemented to stop the species from establishing in new waters. view this species on IUCN Red List Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) 2021. Species profile Asterias amurensis. Pag. 1 Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=82 [Accessed 06 October 2021] FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Asterias amurensis Species Description Asterias amurensis (northern Pacific seastar) can grow upto 50cm in diameter. -
The Boundary Reefs: Glass Sponge (Porifera: Hexactinellidae) Reefs on the International Border Between Canada and the United States
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-264 The Boundary Reefs: Glass Sponge (Porifera: Hexactinellidae) Reefs on the International Border Between Canada and the United States by R. P. Stone, K. W. Conway, D. J. Csepp, J. V. Barrie U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center January 2014 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. The NMFS-AFSC Technical Memorandum series of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center continues the NMFS-F/NWC series established in 1970 by the Northwest Fisheries Center. The NMFS-NWFSC series is currently used by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center. This document should be cited as follows: Stone, R. P., K. W. Conway, D. J. Csepp, and J. V. Barrie. 2013. The boundary reefs: glass sponge (Porifera: Hexactinellida) reefs on the international border between Canada and the United States. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-264, 31 p. Document available: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/Publications/AFSC-TM/NOAA-TM-AFSC-264.pdf Reference in this document to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-264 The Boundary Reefs: Glass Sponge (Porifera: Hexactinellidae) Reefs on the International Border Between Canada and the United States by R. -
Contributions to the Classification of the Sea-Stars of Japan. : II
Contributions to the Classification of the Sea-stars of Japan. : II. Forcipulata, with the Note on the Relationships Title between the Skeletal Structure and Respiratory Organs of the Sea-stars (With 11 Plates and 115 textfigures) Author(s) HAYASHI, Ryoji Citation 北海道帝國大學理學部紀要, 8(3), 133-281 Issue Date 1943-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/27045 Type bulletin (article) File Information 8(3)_P133-281.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP , \ Contributio~s to the Classification of the Sea"stars ,of Japan. n. Forclpulata, with the Note on the Rela.. tionships between the Skeletal Structure and Respiratory Organs of the Sea"starsU Ryoji Hayashi Research Institute for Natural Resources (With 11 plates and 115 te::etjigures) It is the second report o{ the writer's investigation on the sea stars of Japan, undertaken under the guidance of Prof. Tohru Uchida and contains the following 41 forms belonging to the three families, Brisingidae, Zoroasteridae and Asteriidae. These families are all included in the .order Forcipulata. From Japanese waters 18 species of Forcipulata have previously been reported. 'l'hey all belong to the family Asteriidae, except Sladen's two species of Brisingidae. , The species newly recorde~ are marked with asterisk. Family Brisingidae * Odinia pacifica forma sagamiana n. forma * Odinia aust't'ni forma japonioo n. forma * Parabrisinga, pellucida n. sp. ' Brisingellaarmillata (SLADEN) * Freyellaster Fecundus forma ochotJensis n. forma * Freyellaster mtermedius n. sp. Freyella pennata SLADEN Family Zoroasteri~e * Zoroaster orientalis n. sp. * Zoroasterorientalis n. sp. forma gracilis n. forma * Zoroaster ophia.ctis FISHER * Zoroaster micropoTus FISHER * Cnemidaster 'wyvillii .SLADEN" 1) : Contributions from the Akkeshi Marine Biologi~al Station, No. -
Glossary for the Echinodermata
February 2011 Christina Ball ©RBCM Phil Lambert GLOSSARY FOR THE ECHINODERMATA OVERVIEW The echinoderms are a globally distributed and morphologically diverse group of invertebrates whose history dates back 500 million years (Lambert 1997; Lambert 2000; Lambert and Austin 2007; Pearse et al. 2007). The group includes the sea stars (Asteroidea), sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea), sea lilies and feather stars (Crinoidea), the sea urchins, heart urchins and sand dollars (Echinoidea) and the brittle stars (Ophiuroidea). In some areas the group comprises up to 95% of the megafaunal biomass (Miller and Pawson 1990). Today some 13,000 species occur around the world (Pearse et al. 2007). Of those 13,000 species 194 are known to occur in British Columbia (Lambert and Boutillier, in press). The echinoderms are a group of almost exclusively marine organisms with the few exceptions living in brackish water (Brusca and Brusca 1990). Almost all of the echinoderms are benthic, meaning that they live on or in the substrate. There are a few exceptions to this rule. For example several holothuroids (sea cucumbers) are capable of swimming, sometimes hundreds of meters above the sea floor (Miller and Pawson 1990). One species of holothuroid, Rynkatorpa pawsoni, lives as a commensal with a deep-sea angler fish (Gigantactis macronema) (Martin 1969). While the echinoderms are a diverse group, they do share four unique features that define the group. These are pentaradial symmetry, an endoskeleton made up of ossicles, a water vascular system and mutable collagenous tissue. While larval echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical the adults are pentaradially symmetrical (Brusca and Brusca 1990). All echinoderms have an endoskeleton made of calcareous ossicles (figure 1). -
Translation List of Underwater Life of the Canadian Pacific Northwest
TRANSLATION LIST OF UNDERWATER LIFE OF THE CANADIAN PACIFIC NORTHWEST Collected by: Peter Mieras Version: 2010-1 Copyright: © 2010 Rendezvous Dive Adventures Suggestions and corrections can be send to: [email protected] © 2010 P.Mieras Rendezvous Dive Adventures Ltd www.rendezvousdiving.com Mammalia Mammals Mamifères Saugetiere Zoogdieren Seals and sealions Latin English French German Dutch Danish Phoca vitulina richardsi Pacific Harbour seal Phoque commun Robbe gewone zeehond Mirounga Northern Elephant angustirostris seal Eléphant de mer Seeelefant Zee olifant Otarie Steller, lion de mer Eumetopias jubatus Steller sea lion Steller Steller Seelöwe Steller zeeleeuw Zalophus Otarie Califoniènne, lion de californianus Californian sea lion mer Califoniènne Kalifornische Seelöwe Californische zeeleeuw Callorhinus ursinus Northern fur seal Phoque à forrure du Nord Nördliche Pelzrobbe Noordelijke pelsrob Orca's, Dolphins and Whales Latin English French German Dutch Danish Orcinus orca Killerwhale (orca) Épaulard Schwertwal Orka Lagenorhynchus Pacific white sided Dauphin à flancs blancs du Pazifischer Weiẞseiten obliquidens dolphin pacifique Delphin Pacifische witflank dolfijn Phocoena Phocoena Harbour porpoise Marsouin commun Schweinswal Gewone bruinvis Phoncoenoides dalli Dall's porpoise Marsouin de Dall Dall's Schweinswal Dall's bruinvis Eschrichtius robustus Gray whale Baleine grise du pacifique Grauwal Grijze walvis Balaeanoptera acutorostrata acutorostrata Minke Whale Petit rorqual Zwerg Blauwal Dwerg vinvis Megaptera novaeangliae -
Pre-Contruction Sediment Characterization Study Denny Waylake Union Cso Control Project
PRE-CONTRUCTION SEDIMENT CHARACTERIZATION STUDY DENNY WAYLAKE UNION CSO CONTROL PROJECT Sediment Profile Imaging and Video Survey Data Report May 29,2001 Prepared for: King County Wastewater Treatment Division 201 South Jackson Street, Suite 501 Seattle, WA 98104 Prepared by: Striplin Environmental Associates, Inc. 222 Kenyon Street NW Olympia, WA 98502-4553 Striplin Environmental Associates. Inc. Pre-Construction Sediment Characterization Study Denny WayILake Union CSO Control Project Sediment Profile ImagingNideo Survey Data Report 29 May 200 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Goals and Objectives ...............................................................................................1 2.0 METHODS ...................................................................................................................2 2.1 Video Surveys ..........................................................................................................2 2.2 Sediment Profile Imaging ........................................................................................2 3.0 RESULTS .....................................................................................................................4 3.1 Video Surveys ..........................................................................................................4 3.2 Sediment Profile Imaging ........................................................................................6 -
RACE Species Codes and Survey Codes 2018
Alaska Fisheries Science Center Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering MAY 2019 GROUNDFISH SURVEY & SPECIES CODES U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | National Marine Fisheries Service SPECIES CODES Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division LIST SPECIES CODE PAGE The Species Code listings given in this manual are the most complete and correct 1 NUMERICAL LISTING 1 copies of the RACE Division’s central Species Code database, as of: May 2019. This OF ALL SPECIES manual replaces all previous Species Code book versions. 2 ALPHABETICAL LISTING 35 OF FISHES The source of these listings is a single Species Code table maintained at the AFSC, Seattle. This source table, started during the 1950’s, now includes approximately 2651 3 ALPHABETICAL LISTING 47 OF INVERTEBRATES marine taxa from Pacific Northwest and Alaskan waters. SPECIES CODE LIMITS OF 4 70 in RACE division surveys. It is not a comprehensive list of all taxa potentially available MAJOR TAXONOMIC The Species Code book is a listing of codes used for fishes and invertebrates identified GROUPS to the surveys nor a hierarchical taxonomic key. It is a linear listing of codes applied GROUNDFISH SURVEY 76 levelsto individual listed under catch otherrecords. codes. Specifically, An individual a code specimen assigned is to only a genus represented or higher once refers by CODES (Appendix) anyto animals one code. identified only to that level. It does not include animals identified to lower The Code listing is periodically reviewed