Annual Report SPH 2006 Department of Public Health Public of Department School of Population Health Population of School

School of Population Health, Department of Public Health, Annual Report 2006 Centre for International Mental Health Level 5, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0908 Fax: +61 3 9348 2794 Email:[email protected] www.cimh.unimelb.edu.au Sexual Health Unit Melbourne Sexual Health Centre 580 Swanston Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 9341 6236 Fax: +61 3 9347 6757 Email:[email protected] www.mshc.org.au The McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing Level 5, 207 Bouverie Street University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Tel: +61 3 8344 9101 Fax: +61 3 9348 2832 Email:[email protected] www.mccaugheycentre.unimelb.edu.au Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Tel: +61 3 8344 9325 Fax: +61 3 9348 1827 Email:[email protected] How to contact the School of Population Health School of Population Health Academic ProgramsOffice Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 9338/9339 Fax: +61 3 8344 0824 Email:[email protected] www.sph.unimelb.edu.au Centre and Units Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology Level 2, 723 Swanston Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0671 Fax: +61 3 9349 5815 Email:[email protected] www.epi.unimelb.edu.au Centre for Health and Society Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0822 Fax: +61 3 8344 0824 Email:[email protected] www.chs.unimelb.edu.au Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society Royal Women’s Hospital Level Clinical 1, Services Building 305 Cardigan Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 4333 Fax: +61 3 9347 9824 Email:[email protected] www.kcwhs.unimelb.edu.au Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0710 Fax: +61 3 9348 1174 Email:[email protected] www.healthprograms.unimelb.edu.au School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006

Contents Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences School of Population Health Summary Report 1 Australian 7 Schools Centre for Nossal Institute Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic International Neuroscience of Global Health and Analytic Epidemiology 25 Health Institute Centre for Health and Society 33 School of School of School of School of School of School of School of Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society 39 Population Dental Behavioural Nursing Physiotherapy Rural Medicine Health Science Science Health McCaughey Centre 51 Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics 59 Anatomy & Cell Biology Centre for International Mental Health 73 Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic * and Analytic Epidemiology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Sexual Health Unit 77 * * General Practice Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre 81 Centre for Health and Society * * Medical Biology (The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research) Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group 85 Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society * 2006 Publications Report 89 * Medicine, Austin & Northern Health McCaughey Centre * Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital/Western Hospital * * Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital * Microbiology & * Immunology * Centre for International Mental Health Obstetrics & Gynaecology * Ophthalmology * * Otolaryngology * Paediatrics * Pathology * Pharmacology Sexual Health Unit * * Physiology * Psychiatry * Radiology * Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre Surgery, Austin & Northern Health * * Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital/Western Hospital Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group * Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital SPH School of Population Health Department of Public Health SUMMARY Report 2006 Our Vision The School of Population Health vision is to inculcate a population health approach in all areas of health care and in the community where opportunities for disease and injury prevention exist.

Our Mission University. Rob made a very Head of School of To conduct and enhance research considerable contribution Population Health: that addresses issues of population in research, teaching and Professor Terry Nolan. higher degree supervision. “We’re drawing together health and health social sciences, He has had considerable superb biomedical and and to educate undergraduates and success in NHMRC program social science expertise, postgraduate students, clinicians, and project grant funding. in a form that is multi- scientists, professionals and public We wish him well in his disciplinary, collaborative future career. and synergistic. That’s health leaders through the enrichment of our educational The VicHealth Centre for what the School is the Promotion of Mental about.” programs in public health. Health and Community Wellbeing commenced its operation in June 2006. The Centre is now known as the McCaughey Centre Many staff have contributed Three new Professors named in honour of two Head of School outstanding Victorians, Report to the work of the Curriculum commenced their Commission and to the appointment with the School Davis and Jean McCaughey. 2006 proved to be another Faculty’s planning for the early in 2006: Their commitment to landmark year for the “knowledge for the common Growing Esteem agenda. • Professor Robin Room, School of Population Health. good”, to creating and The new Bachelor of (Chair in Social Research This report describes the sharing knowledge about Biomedicine, Bachelor of in Alcohol), based primarily School’s achievements and the values and actions Science and Bachelor of at Turning Point, our initiatives to adopt and Arts will potentially needed to build health, just • Professor Dallas English contribute to the University’s incorporate contributions and resilient communities new strategic plan “Growing from staff from the School of (Chair in Epidemiology and is at the heart of the Esteem” throughout the year. Population Health. Biostatistics), and Centre’s work program. The School’s contribution The Centre has attracted Our other focus continues • Professor John Wiseman to knowledge through our (Chair in Health Promotion a number of talented research activities continues to be on postgraduate individuals to develop the Masters and Doctoral and Director of the to be recognised nationally McCaughey (VicHealth Centre’s research and policy and internationally and we training, and the full development program. implications for this are yet Centre for the Promotion have received many new of Mental Health and The proposal to rename the research awards which are to be worked through. A new medical curriculum is Community Wellbeing). Program Evaluation Unit listed later in this report that as the Centre for Health attest to the breadth and to be devised and just as In addition, David Studdert with the current curriculum, was recruited from Harvard Policy, Programs and depth of quality of research Economics was approved within the School. Our the fundamental importance University as a new of population health for Federation Fellow jointly by Council. This was based excellent Quality of Teaching on a successful review of and Learning performances medical students will need sponsored by the Faculties of the Unit’s work over the are also documented further to be both realised and Law and Medicine, Dentistry previous five years. in this report. maintained as the content and Health Sciences. David of the new curriculum is will be co-located with the The Diabetes Vaccine The Melbourne Model aligns developed. Law School and the Centre Development Centre the University more fully with for Health Policy, Programs (DVDC) was reviewed by the the education framework The implementation of the and Economics in the School NHMRC and will continue being implemented across Growing Esteem Strategic of Population Health when to be funded, however the Europe and includes Plan at the School level he commences in 2007. He DVDC will move, with its elements of the American has been led by Professor holds the second Federation next stage of development, liberal education tradition. Ian Anderson. A number of Fellowship to be awarded to to the Garvan Institute. Dr The introduction of innovative working groups have been a researcher working within David Irving (CEO, DVDC) undergraduate degrees will established to develop strengthen the recognition Strategic Plans for Research the School of Population made many valuable of Melbourne degrees. It will and Research Training, Health. contributions not only to the position graduates for global Learning and Teaching Farewell to Associate development of the Centre employment by providing and Knowledge Transfer. Professor Rob Carter but also to the School during curricula that assists students The School’s planning day and his group of health the past three years. to develop a broader skills afforded an opportunity to economists. Rob accepted a The Centre for International and experience base and will fully review the work of these Chair in Health and Human Mental Health was reviewed differentiate the University groups and to commence Services Economics in the in 2006. The Review Panel within the Australian higher the development of the School of Health and Social made a strong overarching education sector. 2007-2010 Strategic Plan. Development at Deakin commendation and tribute 2 to the achievements of the the activities of the School vitality necessary for active 330 registrants, and was Centre for International in 2006 and the profile of its living, to achieve goals and to an outstanding success. Mental Health. staff of interest. interact with one another in Professor Ken Rothman, The School’s major – Professor Terry Nolan ways that are respectful and Boston University gave the opening plenary speech on collaborations continue Highlights of 2006 just’. Research underpinning with the Murdoch Childrens the development of the the theme of the conference. Research Institute Professor Margaret VicHealth Strategic Plan has His presentation was through our Vaccine and Hamilton, AO identified the following key provocative and stimulating, as one would expect Immunisation Research Congratulations to Professor determinants of mental health from such a distinguished Group, with the Centre for Margaret Hamilton who and community wellbeing: epidemiologist. Associate International Child Health, was the previous Professor Freedom from violence; Professor Ana Diez Roux, and with The Australian and Director of Turning Freedom from discrimination; from the University of International Health Institute. Point. Margaret was made Economic participation Michigan, was the second Through the Victorian Public an Officer of the Order of and security; and Social international guest to give Health Education and Australia (AO) for her service inclusion. The Centre’s initial a plenary presentation. She Research Program (PHERP) to the community in the focus will therefore be on spoke about the rapidly Consortium, we collaborate areas of social welfare and policy research, workforce emerging field of social with Deakin, La Trobe and public health, especially development and advocacy epidemiology. The Ian Monash Universities to in relation to the field of leading to improvements in: Prior oration was given by deliver the Master of Public drug and alcohol. Margaret • Freedom from violence, Professor Judith Lumley, Health Program. The School continues to be an active • Freedom from discrimination, from La Trobe University. receives generous support honorary Professorial • Economic participation She spoke about the paucity for several core activities Fellow of the School of and security, and of monitoring data on birth and educational and Population Health and has • Social inclusion. anomalies. The conference research programs from the been associated with the The Centre has attracted concluded with a lively Commonwealth Department University for many years. a number of talented enjoyable debate between of Health and Ageing, from McCaughey Centre individuals to develop and Professors Konrad Jamrozik the National Medical and achieve the Centre’s research The VicHealth Centre for and Neal Pearce on whether Health Research Council and policy development the Promotion of Mental epidemiologists should do (NHMRC), from the Victorian program: Professor John Health and Community more randomised trials, Department of Human Wiseman, Director, Dr Marion Wellbeing, now known as chaired by Professor John Services, and from the Frere, Deputy Director, the McCaughey Centre, Carlin. There were three Victorian Health Promotion associate Professor Tony commenced operation sets of five concurrent Foundation. LaMontagne, Principal in June. The Centre’s sessions for proffered In 2007 we will continue Research Fellow, goal is to create and papers and around 150 to implement initiatives to Dr Gabrielle Berman, share knowledge which posters displayed. The become a leading School of Research Fellow, Dr Melanie strengthens the foundations oral presentations and Population Health by: Davern, Sue West, research of healthy and sustainable the posters were of high Fellow, Cathleen Brasher, • clearly defining the paths communities, leading to quality. Associate Professor Research Fellow, Steve to research excellence, improved mental health Dorota Gertig, from MEGA Gelsi, visiting appointment • continuing to refine and wellbeing. To achieve Epidemiology, co-convened and Australian Bureau of our programs at both this goal the Centre will the conference, while Statistics, Tessa Keegel, undergraduate and undertake policy research, Professor Dallas English, also Research Fellow, Janine graduate level, and workforce development and from MEGA Epidemiology, Campbell, Centre Manager, advocacy which increases chaired the scientific • further developing the links and Kate Jenkins, Centre understanding of the social, committee. with industry, government Administrator. and community to enhance economic and environmental Twin Registry Workshop AEA 2006 Meeting in knowledge transfer determinants of community The Australian Twin activities with students wellbeing and mental health. Melbourne Registry hosted a one-day and staff – the third strand The Centre is supported by The Australasian workshop on Sunday 17 of the triple helix that and will collaborate closely Epidemiological Association September that presented underpins the University’s with the Victorian Health held its 15th Annual the opportunities that Growing Esteem Strategic Promotion Foundation Meeting at The University new genetic knowledge, Plan. (VicHealth). The Centre’s of Melbourne on 18 and techniques and approaches Finally, I wish to work will therefore be 19 September. The theme have opened up for acknowledge and thank the informed by the VicHealth of the conference was epidemiological research, many friends of the School of definition of mental health as “Opportunities and limits in and the potential for Population Health who have ‘the embodiment of social, epidemiological research”. researchers to use nationally supported and assisted us emotional and spiritual The conference had the funded resources and throughout the year. We hope wellbeing. Mental health highest attendance yet facilities. It also described you will find this report on provides individuals with the of any AEA meeting, with the important contributions 3 that epidemiology can make made a strong overarching and Society on their breadth of its research and to genetic research. A total commendation and tribute promotions to Associate policy impact. of 110 delegates braved the to the achievements of the Professor and Reader He has served on many early Sunday morning start Centre for International and Associate Professor professional bodies, review and were introduced to a Mental Health and in respectively. Martha’s panels and enquiries, wide range of speakers from particular the post-December achievements recognised including membership of the a variety of research areas, 2004 tsunami activities in at national and international WHO Expert Advisory Panel resulting in very positive Sri Lanka and Indonesia and levels for scholarship in on Drug Dependence and feedback on the value of in the International Mental anthropology, and Lynn’s Alcohol Problems; board the day. The workshop Health Leadership Program. for her contribution to membership and presidency convener, Katrina Scurrah These achievements received scholarship and knowledge of the Kettil Bruun Society for (Dept of Physiology), said international recognition. transfer in health ethics. Social and Epidemiological that the workshop was During 2006 the Centre Professor Robin Room Research on Alcohol; board a great opportunity for played a key role in commenced in March as membership and presidency researchers from various translating post-tsunami the inaugural Chair of Social of the International Council on fields including both genetics relief efforts into longer- Research in Alcohol at the Alcohol and Addictions; chair and epidemiology to network term mental health system School of Population Health of the Alcohol Epidemiology and explore possible development programs in and Director of the Centre Section of the International collaborations. Aceh, Indonesia, and in Sri for Alcohol Policy Research Council on Alcohol and Notable highlights were Lanka. Funding from World at Turning Point Alcohol and Addictions; and an advisor speakers Sam Berkovic Vision Australia has enabled Drug Centre. His expertise to the WHO Mental Health from the Epilepsy Research substantial mental health is in the social, cultural and Division and Program on Centre, who was recently development projects to be epidemiological studies Substance Abuse. awarded the 2005 Curtin undertaken. of alcohol, drugs and In 1983, Professor Room Medal for Outstanding Key Centre for Womens gambling behaviour, studies was co-winner of the Contribution to Australian Health in Society – Short of social responses to Jellinek Memorial Award Medical Science, and Tom alcohol and drug problems, for Alcohol Studies and, in Courses Mack from the University and the effects of policy 2002, received a Lifetime of Southern California Associate Professor Anne changes. Achievement Award from Kavanaugh hosted two who presented exciting Professor Room received the Alcohol, Tobacco and successful short courses: perspectives on and his higher education in Other Drugs Section of the examples of the use of twins The Social Determinants of the United States, with a American Public Health in research into early life risk Health and An Introduction to PhD in sociology from the Association. factors for diseases such as Multilevel Modelling. University of California, His latest award was the Multiple Sclerosis and Breast Community health Berkley. From 1977 to 1991 Annual Drug Research Award Cancer. managers, policy makers he was scientific director of the Swedish Council for Diabetes Vaccine and researchers were among of the Alcohol Research Information on Alcohol and Development Centre the 31 registered to attend. Group, a national alcohol Other Drugs. research centre funded by The Diabetes Vaccine The Social Determinants of Professor Dallas English the US National Institutes Development Centre (DVDC) Health Course was facilitated joined the School of for Health, and from 1982 commenced a large, multi- by internationally renowned Population Health on adjunct professor at the centre trial jointly funded academics Professor Ichiro 24 April 2006 as Chair School of Public Health of by the National Health Kawachi and Assistant of Epidemiology and the University of California, and Medical Research Professor S V Subramanian Biostatistics and Director Berkley. He moved to Council (NHMRC) and from the Harvard School of of the Centre for Molecular, Toronto where, until 1998, the Juvenile Diabetes Public Health. Participants Environmental, Genetic and he was vice-president for Research Foundation were able to glean a deeper Analytic Epidemiology. research at the Addiction (JDRF) to determine if the understanding of the social He has a Bachelors degree Research Foundation, with vaccine prevents diabetes and economic circumstances in Mathematics from the professorial appointments in at-risk children. This influencing health and to take University of Melbourne, at the University of Toronto trial commenced on the part in hands-on workshops his Masters in Biostatistics in the departments of public basis of work done by Dr exploring multilevel and and PhD in epidemiology health, psychiatry and Peter Coleman (The Royal qualitative research methods. are from the University sociology. Melbourne Hospital) and Assistant Professor S V of Washington in Seattle, Professor Len Harrison (The Subramanian also facilitated Since 1999, Robin was USA. From 1982 to 1999, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute the Introduction to Multilevel professor and founding he worked at the University for Medical Research). Modelling course. director of the Centre of Western Australia, first for Social Research on in the NHMRC Research Review of the Centre Staff Promotions/ Alcohol and Drugs at Unit in Epidemiology and for International Mental Appointments Stockholm University. Under Preventive Medicine, and Health Congratulations to Martha his direction the centre later in the Department The Centre was reviewed McIntyre and Lynn Gillam developed an international of Public Health. His last in 2006. The Review Panel from the Centre for Health reputation for the quality and position there was Associate 4 Professor. He moved to the The School Staff Profile Cancer Council Victoria in February 2000 where he Staff Numbers (excl casual) Academic Professional Total was the Associate Director of the Cancer Epidemiology School Executive/ 1 11 12 Centre. Administration Professor English has Centre for Molecular, substantial experience as a Environmental, Genetic & 23 10 33 cancer epidemiologist, having Analytic Epidemiology worked in this field since 1982. While in Perth, his main Centre for International 3 2 5 research interests were in Mental Health skin cancer prevention and in cancer screening. Since Centre for Health and 23 8 31 moving to Melbourne, he Society has been working on the Melbourne Collaborative Diabetes Vaccine 0 2 2 Cohort Study and will Development Centre continue to devote his Key Centre for Women’s research time to this study. He 19 4 23 retains a senior appointment Health in Society at the Cancer Council. Centre for Health Policy, Professor John Wiseman was 26 2 28 Programs & Economics appointed to the inaugural Chair of Health Promotion Sexual Health Unit 5 2 7 and Director of the VicHealth Centre for the Promotion McCaughey Centre: of Mental Health and VicHealth Centre for 8 2 10 Community Wellbeing. He Promotion of Mental Health commenced his appointment and Community Wellbeing on 29 May 2006. John was Vaccine & Immunisation the Professor of Public Policy 5 0 5 and Acting Director of the Research Group Institute for Community TOTAL 113 43 156 Engagement and Policy alternatives at Victoria University. He has Bachelors School of Population Health Management and Governance degrees in Arts and in Social The School’s committees are accountable for the implementation of the strategic and Work from the University of operational plans incorporated within the School’s management and governance framework Melbourne and his PhD is and reinforced through the performance development framework. from La Trobe University. He has been closely involved School of Population Health Principal Committees with the Victorian Community Management and Resources Chairperson Indicators Project and has an Executive Professor Terry Nolan extensive record of research Strategic Planning Professor Terry Nolan in community development, Growing Esteem Implementation Professor Ian Anderson sustainability and wellbeing. Communication Leanne Taylor His experience derives from both academic and Finance and Resources Professor Terry Nolan government sectors. Prior to Information Technology Dr David Irving his appointment at Victoria School Managers Leanne Taylor University, he was Assistant Environment, Health and Safety Professor Terry Nolan Director, Policy Development Social Affairs Jennifer Burchill and Research Branch, in the Department of Premier and Cabinet where he contributed to the development and Academic Chairperson implementation of ‘Growing Higher Degree Research A/Prof Jane Fisher Victoria Together’, the Postgraduate Studies Dr Catherine Bennett Victorian Government’s Undergraduate Studies A/Prof Marilys Guillemin social, economic and environmental policy Research Professor Terry Nolan framework. Health Ethics Advisory Group Dr Mark Jenkins 5 Enrolments 2001 – 2006 From second semester 2006 there were 404 continuing students within the SPH postgraduate coursework programs. This represents an additional 60 plus enrolments from 2005. Following a number of substantial reviews within the postgraduate teaching programs a number changes came into effect in 2006.

COURSE LEVEL & FACULTY/COURSE NAME Enrolments

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

DPubHlth 3 6 7 7 4 4

MASTERS BY RESEARCH

MPubHlth - 2 4 4 3

MSocHlth 2 4 5 2

MWomensHlth 4 3 2 3 5 5

MASTERS BY COURSEWORK

MBioStat 10 16 20 29 31

MEpid 7 11 4 5 4 19

MHlthEth 5 6 2

MIMH 11 3 4 5

MMedAnthr 4 4

MPubHlth 74 85 118 125 169 202

MSocHlth 10 17 28 37

MMed(Women’s Health) 2 1 1

MWomensHealth 5 7 11 13 8 11

POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMAS

GDipHlthCareHist 3 2 1 1

GDipHlthEth 2 2 1

GDipHlthProm 2 3 1

GDipMedAnthr 1 2

GDipSocHlth 11 16 12 10

PGDipBioStat 10 17 25

GDipBioStat 3 5 2

PGDipEpid 9 19 12

GDipEpid&Biostat 42 41 27 8

PGDipWH - - 3 6 3

GDipWomHlth 15 16 3

POSTGRADUATE CERTIFICATES

GCertHlthServRsrch&Eval 9 12 10 4 2

PGCertBioStat 7 7 8

GCertBioStat 2

PGCertPubHlth(SexHlth) 22 22

TOTAL 176 215 244 285 346 404

Note that shaded cells represent programs that are no longer offered.

6 Learning and following the introduction of SPH Teaching and taught in collaboration with teaching new subjects and changes to Learning Excellence Associate Professor Andrew the structure of courses as a Awards Forbes at Monash. Semester 1 commenced result of the ongoing review of Quality of Teaching and with the newly revised A specialist biostatistics our teaching. This will see the program (with a strong Learning Epidemiology teaching introduction in 2007of revised mathematical foundation) SPH has continued to program. The core new programs in Women’s Health is offered in conjunction maintain excellent teaching program comprising six (postgraduate Diploma, with the Biostatistics evaluations in 2006. Masters level epidemiology Masters of Women’s Health and analytic methods Collaboration of Australia, Semester One reports and Master of Public Health which consists of seven subjects began strongly with were most encouraging. (Women’s Health) that offer universities, for those 35 students enrolled in each All 26 of the postgraduate a program of purpose-built seeking professional of the semester 1 subjects. subjects evaluated were subjects and a simplified training in biostatistics. Students have enrolled into rated as well taught, 23 program structure. Student numbers across these subjects from the Master of these were rated as the Certificate, Diploma and very well taught (scoring of Epidemiology, Master The structure of the Masters reached almost 150 an average of 4 or more of Public Health and PhD Biostatistics programs nationally, of whom almost out of a possible 5), with and Masters by Research. (Postgraduate Diploma of 50 were enrolled at the 14 rated as exceptionally The program was officially Biostatistics and Master University of Melbourne. The well taught (scoring 4.5 launched by Professor John of Biostatistics) have been coordinator of the program or higher). These results Hopper at the first teaching revised to include a new at Melbourne, Professor were supported by an session. This was followed core subject (Probability and John Carlin, was awarded equally good performance Distribution Theory) to further by an inspiring introductory the School’s Teaching in Semester 2. Once again, build the theoretical core of lecture from Professor Terry Excellence Award in 2006 our student evaluations Dwyer AO on his exemplar these programs. for his role in setting up indicated that the school epidemiological work. The Master of Social Health the course and for the high was a leader across the There have been a number will see the introduction of a quality of the two subjects Faculty and the University of changes to our programs new Health Policy stream. that he has delivered and in the quality of its teaching. Semester One Evaluations Question 2: “This subject was well taught.” (score range 1 - 5)

Subject Title Centre/Unit Total Students Total Mean Enrolled Forms Health, Ethics & Society CHS 9 8 4.8

Culture, Health & Illness CHS 15 14 3.6

Clinical Epidemiology & EBM MEGA 14 9 3.4

Advanced Epidemiology - Special Topics MEGA 11 8 3.6

Determinants of Women’s Health KCWHS 17 14 4.7

Research Methodology KCWHS 9 7 4.7

Priority Issues in Women’s Health KCWHS 7 6 4.5 Control of Sexually Transmissible Infections SHU 14 10 4.6

Sexually Transmissible Infections SHU 11 7 4.6 Clinical & Sexual Reproductive Hlth for Nurses SHU 17 6 4.8

Policy Processes in Aboriginal Health CHS 10 10 4.4

Living Longer: Global Perspectives CHS 8 8 4.4

Health Program Evaluation 1 PEU 29 25 4.7

Health Services Research 1 PEU 4 3 4.0

International Adolescent Health AIHI 19 18 4.1

Economic Evaluation 1 PEU 14 7 4.1

Health Economics 1 PEU 10 9 4.9

Principles of Research Design CHS 22 20 4.8

7 Subject Title Centre/Unit Total Students Total Mean Enrolled Forms Research Methods in Social Health CHS 10 10 4.6

Infectious Disease Epidemiology MEGA 30 28 4.6

Research Project Development KCWHS 9 9 4.4

Psychological Practice in Women’s Health KCWHS 10 9 4.6

Primary Health Care, Jamkhed, India AIHI 8 5 4.6

Epidemiology & Analytic Methods 1 MEGA 34 33 4.4

Epidemiology & Analytic Methods 2 MEGA 31 30 4.4

Study Design in Epidemiology MEGA 27 24 4.4

Question 9: “Overall I was satisfied with the quality of the learning experience in the subject.” (score range 1 - 5)

Subject Title Centre/Unit Total Students Total Mean Enrolled Forms

Health, Ethics & Society CHS 9 8 4.5

Culture, Health & Illness CHS 15 14 3.6

Clinical Epidemiology & EBM MEGA 14 9 3.0

Advanced Epidemiology - Special Topics MEGA 11 8 3.1

Determinants of Women’s Health KCWHS 17 14 4.8

Research Methodology KCWHS 9 7 4.7

Priority Issues in Women’s Health KCWHS 7 6 4.3 Control of Sexually Transmissible SHU 14 10 4.6 Infections Sexually Transmissible Infections SHU 11 7 4.3 Clinical & Sexual Reproductive Health SHU 17 6 4.8 for Nurses Policy Processes in Aboriginal Health CHS 10 10 4.6

Living Longer: Global Perspectives CHS 8 8 4.4

Health Program Evaluation 1 PEU 29 25 4.6

Health Services Research 1 PEU 4 3 4.3

International Adolescent Health AIHI 19 18 3.8

Economic Evaluation 1 PEU 14 7 4.3

Health Economics 1 PEU 10 9 4.9

Principles of Research Design CHS 22 20 4.7

Research Methods in Social Health CHS 10 10 4.7

Infectious Disease Epidemiology MEGA 30 28 4.5

Research Project Development KCWHS 9 9 4.6

Psychological Practice in Women’s Health KCWHS 10 9 4.6

Primary Health Care, Jamkhed, India AIHI 8 5 5.0

Epidemiology & Analytic Methods 1 MEGA 34 33 4.4

Epidemiology & Analytic Methods 2 MEGA 31 30 4.4

Study Design in Epidemiology MEGA 27 24 4.3

8 Semester Two Evaluations The evaluation focussed on two main areas as shown below for Semester 2: Question 2: “This subject was well taught.” (score range 1 - 5)

Subject Title Centre/Unit Total Students Total Mean Enrolled Forms Mental Health Policy Development# CIMH 4 2 4.0

Environmental Health Services Evaluation PEU 4 4 4.3

Research: Methods, Ethics and Uses# CIMH 5 2 3.5

Research Project in Women’s Health KCWHS 7 3 4.0

Health Effects of Violence Against Women KCWHS 7 5 4.6

Current Issues in Health Ethics CHS 7 7 4.9

Policy Processes in Aboriginal Health CHS 8 2 4.5

Community: Theory and Practice CHS 8 4 4.3

Economic Evaluation 2 PEU 8 6 4.5

Key Perspectives in Medical Anthropology CHS 8 7 4.3

Research Project in Health Program Evaln PEU 9 2 4.5

Koori Heath: Past to Present CHS 9 9 4.6

Global Health Impacts of Drug Use Burnet 10 10 4.4 Database Systems in Epidemiology MEGA 10 6 4.0 Studies Infectious Diseases Epi - Special Topics MEGA 10 8 4.8

Primary Health Care (Jamkhed, India) AIHI 10 8 3.9

Research Methodology KCWHS 11 10 4.9

Global Mental Health Development# CIMH 11 10 4.1

Key Concepts in Social Health CHS 12 12 4.6

Epidemiology in Practice MEGA 13 13 4.6

Research Project in Epidemiology/Biostat MEGA 13 4 3.8

Sexual Function and Dysfunction SHU 13 8 4.5

Genetic Epidemiology MEGA 13 9 4.8

Using Evaluation in Program Design PEU 14 14 4.7

Sexual and Reproductive Health SHU 16 11 4.7

Health Program Evaluation 2 PEU 16 13 4.5

Harm Reduction - HIV in Drug Users Burnet 16 16 4.1

Research Project in International Health AIHI 16 7 4.3

Reproductive Hlth & Reproductive Rights KCWHS 17 13 4.2

Women’s Health in Asia and the Pacific KCWHS 19 15 3.9

Disability in Developing Countries AIHI 20 19 4.6

Women’s Health Promotion and Evaluation KCWHS 20 19 4.8

International Child Health AIHI 26 25 4.5

Survival Analysis & Regression for Rates MEGA 33 30 3.7

Linear & Logistic Regression MEGA 44 42 3.8

9 Question 9: “Overall, I was satisfied with the quality of the learning experience in the subject.” (score range 1 - 5)

Subject Title Centre/Unit Total Students Total Mean Enrolled Forms Key Perspectives in Medical Anthropology CHS 8 7 4.4

Current Issues in Health Ethics CHS 7 7 4.9

Key Concepts in Social Health CHS 12 12 4.5

Database Systems in Epidemiology MEGA 10 6 4.0 Studies

Reproductive Hlth & Reproductive Rights KCWHS 17 13 4.2

Research Methodology KCWHS 11 10 4.9

Women’s Health in Asia and the Pacific KCWHS 19 15 3.9

Health Effects of Violence Against Women KCWHS 7 5 4.6

Sexual and Reproductive Health SHU 16 11 4.6

Koori Heath: Past to Present CHS 9 9 4.6

Community: Theory and Practice CHS 8 4 4.5

Sexual Function and Dysfunction SHU 13 8 4.9

International Child Health AIHI 26 25 4.4

Disability in Developing Countries AIHI 20 19 4.4

Research Project in International Health AIHI 16 7 4.3

Health Program Evaluation 2 PEU 16 13 4.3

Research Project in Health Program Evaln PEU 9 2 5.0

Economic Evaluation 2 PEU 8 6 4.3

Global Mental Health Development# CIMH 11 10 4.0

Mental Health Policy Development# CIMH 4 2 3.0

Research: Methods, Ethics and Uses# CIMH 5 2 3.0

Research Project in Epidemiology/Biostat MEGA 13 4 4.3

Genetic Epidemiology MEGA 13 9 4.8

Infectious Diseases Epi - Special Topics MEGA 10 8 4.5

Research Project in Women’s Health KCWHS 7 3 4.3

Women’s Health Promotion and Evaluation KCWHS 20 19 4.7

Harm Reduction - HIV in Drug Users Burnet 16 16 4.3

Global Health Impacts of Drug Use Burnet 10 10 4.3

Primary Health Care (Jamkhed, India) AIHI 10 8 4.1

Environmental Health Services Evaluation PEU 4 4 4.5

Using Evaluation in Program Design PEU 14 14 4.5

Linear & Logistic Regression MEGA 44 42 3.7

Survival Analysis & Regression for Rates MEGA 33 30 3.8

Epidemiology in Practice MEGA 13 13 4.5

Policy Processes in Aboriginal Health CHS 8 2 4.0

10 Student services Research and research training New Graduates Counts by Year There were a number of course completions Publication Type 2003 2004 2005 2006 during the year, including 10 new Masters of Public Health (MPH) Graduates. Again A - Books 1 there were many students completing with A1 - Books outstanding academic records. In addition, - Authored - there were a number of award winners at 1 3 0 3 Research the Victorian Consortium of Public Health and the VicHealth Master of Public Health A2 - Edited Books 2 1 6 2 awards Ceremony. The joint winners of the University of Melbourne top MPH in 2005 A5 - Textbooks 0 1 0 0 were Jaithri Ananthapavan and Caroline A6 - Authored King. Other Melbourne students were also 0 0 1 1 among the prize winners as top students in Books - Other 2005 in the foundation subjects taught by the B1 - Chapters in consortium universities, winning top 3 of the Research Books 17 7 11 6 8 subjects. Catherine Hutton was top student in Epidemiology, Kate Dwyer top student in B2 - Chapters in 6 5 11 5 Statistics, and Mathew Hercus was joint winner Books for Principles and Practice of Public Health. C – Journal Articles 1 SPH Alumni C1 - Journal We are also inviting our new graduates to keep in Articles - Refereed 73 102 162 204 touch with us via an alumnus email address sph- [email protected] so that we can begin to C2 - Unrefereed grow an active network of graduates. We also Journal Articles 9 2 11 15 invite past students to contact us at this email C3 - Unrefereed address with their current contact details so that 7 14 10 23 we can add these to our alumnus list. Letters or Notes Undergraduate News C5 - Other Refereed Health Practice 1, 3 and 5 in the Bachelor of 11 5 12 11 Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery attracted a Contributions to number of excellent tutors from the School in Refereed Journals 2006 and they made important contributions D4 - Major to the Health Practice Tutorials and Evidence Reference Works 0 2 4 1 based Practice Training. This has proven to be a good way for the tutors to gain experience in F1 - Conference Publications - Full undergraduate medical teaching and to contribute 1 3 2 0 to the implementation of the curriculum. written paper - refereed With the decision to have a Bachelor of Biomedicine Degree that will commence in F2 - Fully Written 2009 there will still be a need to teach Health Unrefereed 2 2 5 7 Practice in its current form until the last intake Conference / of undergraduate medical students for this Papers current curriculum in 2008. The establishment G4 - Major Reports 14 14 34 36 of the new undergraduate degree presents the School of Population Health with some exciting G5 - Minor possibilities for curriculum input and teaching. Reports/Working 4 8 3 5 Advanced Medical Science Papers There has been a wide range of options from M5 - Computer the various coursework and research units Software Products 0 0 0 0 on offer from SPH. Associate Professor Lyn Q10 -Awards Gillam (AMS coordinator) and Anita Lucas (AMS 0 2 0 0 Administrator) have organised a program of (Prizes, Medals etc) academic support and social events, including Q8 - Research in work in progress presentations and the final Progress (RIP) 38 43 25 DNR conference held on 26 May that involves all students. This is an opportunity for the AMS Q9 - Substantial 25 23 10 DNR students to present their research to their Grants Received family, friends and peers. R11 - Thesis The AMS cohort that commenced in mid July Passed for Higher 8 9 3 13 had 14 local students at SPH (9 – Medical Degrees Humanities /Social Health/ Complementary Medicine; 4 – Public Health Perspectives in R12 - Thesis in Women’s Health; 1 – Sexual Health). The School Progress for Higher 41 74 28 101 also hosted a number of Universitas Indonesia Degrees AMS students in Public Health and Models of Health Care Delivery units. 11 SPH Research research. The Australian Twins and Sisters Study NSW Cancer Council and Excellence Awards Breast Cancer Family Registry, of Mammographic Breast the National Institutes of the Australasian Colorectal Density (in conjunction with Health (USA). The analysis The School Research Award Cancer Family Registry, the University of Toronto and of genetic mutations and in the Open Category was the Australian Melanoma the Queensland Institute of variants is a common thread presented to Professor John Family Study, the Victorian Medical Research) are large to all studies and much of Hopper for his pioneering Paediatric Cancer Family population-based and clinic- this work is being conducted work with population-based Study, Australian Prostate based case-control family in the Genetic Epidemiology family studies of cancer which Cancer Family Study (in studies funded by the National Laboratory in the Department are emerging as a standard conjunction with The Cancer Health and Medical Research of Pathology at The University for genetic epidemiological Council Victoria), and The Council (NHMRC), VicHealth, of Melbourne. Research Training - PhD Completions – 2006 Name Centre/Unit Supervisor(s) at Final Thesis Topic Completion Bradshaw, SHU Fairley, K; Garland, S; Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory correlates of Catriona Susan Tabrizi, S bacterial vaginosis and non-gonococcal urethritis Cox, AIHI Morrow, M; Tuberculosis treatment and control in Uzbekistan: Helen Suzanne Deutschmann, P; Toole, M DOTS and drug resistance Delany, CHS Gillam, L; Brookes, A Informed consent: ethical theory, legal obligations and Clare Maree the physiotherapy clinical encounter Fuscaldo, CHS Gillam, L; Savulescu, J Genetic ties: are they morally binding? Giuliana Fausta Hammarberg, KCWHS Fisher, J; Rowe, H Woman’s experience of birth and early mothering after Karin assisted conception Hester-Moore, CHS Guillemin, M; Brookes, A; Going with the flow: enacting fluidity in contraceptive Jennifer Sarah Macintyre, M and menstrual decision making Johnson, CHS Macintyre, M; Guillemin, M Diasporas of medical beliefs: a multi-ethnic clinic Penelope and the experience of tuberculosis in a low incidence country

Khun, KCWHS Manderson, L; Allotey, P Community participation in the prevention and control of Sokrin dengue fever in Cambodia Kristyanti, KCWHS Manderson, L; Understanding the dynamics of violence and exploring Johana Rosalina Markovic, M the potential application of logotherapy for women survivors of domestic violence in Indonesia

Lister, SHU Fairley, K; Smith, A; Screening men who have sex with men for bacterial Nichole Ann Garland, S; Tabrizi, S sexually transmissible infections MacInnis, MEGA English, D; Carlin, J; A prospective study of body size and composition and Robert Jeffrey Nowson; Gertig, D the risk of cancer Mann, CHS Macintyre, M; Anderson, I; Look wide – Searching for health in the borderlands: Rosemary Helen Humphery, K Experiences of disease prevention and health promotion in a Central Australian indigenous settlement

Munib, CIMH Minas, H; Klimidis, S The effects of immigration and resettlement on the Ahmed mental health of South-Asian communities in Melbourne Nkosana, KCWHS Rosenthal, D Intergenerational sexual relationships in urban Botswana Josephine Mmanchibidu Paradies, CHS Cunningham, J; Race, racism, stress and indigenous health Yin Carl Anderson, I; Devitt, J Renkin, external Swain, P; Anderson, I From segregated institution to self-managed Peter Francis Becket community: Community work towards indigenous self- management at Lake Tyers/Bung Yarnda, Victoria

Tinney, CHS Macintyre, M; Feldman, P; Still me: old and in care. The role of social and Dorothy Jean Guillemin, M communicative interactions in maintaining sense of self and well-being in residents in aged care

Tomnay, SHU Fairley, K Partner notification for Chlamydia Trachomatis and HIV Jane Elizabeth in Australia Xeuatvongsa, KCWHS Manderson, L Public ignorance, silent killer: An ethnographic study Anonh of tuberculosis control in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic

12 Research Grants Higher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC)

SCHOOL of POPULATION HEALTH 2006 2005 2004 2003

C1.1 - Com’lth Schemes $3,688,734 $3,719,650

C1.2 - Non Com’lth Schemes $554,225 -

Cat 1 - ACR Grants (NCGP) $4,242,959 $3,719,650 $2,635,278 $5,102,800

C2.1 - Local Govt - $20,837

C2.2 - State Govt $1,950,368 $1,768,440

C2.3 - Com’lth Govt (other) $3,856,702 $3,068,456

Cat 2 Total OPS $5,807,070 $4,857,733 $3,581,741 $3,463,946

C3.1 - Aust Contracts $1,432,204 $1,152,838

C3.2 - Aust Grants $674,839 $458,098

C3.3 - Aust Donations, Bequests and $7861 $31,159 Foundations

C3.5 - Int Funding $2,986,280 $2,533,870

Cat 3 Total Industry & Other $5,101,183 $4,175,966 $2,718,158 $3,818,322

C4.1. Com’lth Grant $134,392 $142,199

C4.2. Non-uni participants $16,034 $18,312

C4.3. Third Parties $67,501 $45,269

Cat 4 Total CRC $217,927 $205,781 $139,515 -

Total $15,369,140 $12,959,129 $9,074,691 $12,385,067

According to the (un-audited) submission to DEST for research income* in 2006, the School of Population Health collected $4.243M in National Competitive Grants Revenue (DEST Category 1 Income), $5.807M in Local, State or Commonwealth Government Grants Revenue (DEST Category 2 Income), $5.101M in Other Contracts (Category 3), and $0.218 in Cooperative Research Centre Income (Category 4). The $15,369,140 is the total of continuing research grants and contracts plus new grants and contracts commencing in 2006. *SPH Return of Higher Education Research Data Collection Report, version 2

SCHOOL OF 13% State Govt $1950 % Aust Contracts POPULATION HEALTH 9 $1432 RESEARCH INCOME BY % Aust Grants DEST CATEGORY (’000s) 4 $675 Non Com’lth 4% Schemes Int Funding % $554 $2986 19 Com’lth 1% Grant $134

% Other* 1 $91

Com’lth Schemes % % Com’lth Govt $3689 24 25 (other) $3857

13 Grants Commencing 2006

Sponsor Responsible Ci Description 2006 New Grants Income

ASTHMA VIC $5,000

Dr Melanie Matheson The Follow-Up Study of the Tasmanian 5,000 Asthma Rich Families AUST RESEARCH COUNCIL $691,932

A/Prof Marilys Guillemin Hamstrung by Ethics Creep? 0 Investigating Human Research Ethics in Practice

Prof Doreen Rosenthal Understanding Women’s Experiences 320,705 of Unplanned Pregnancy and Abortion Prof Janet Mccalman “Turning Points: Redemption, Women 7,465 and Alcohol in Melbourne, 1870-1945” Prof David Studdart Using Law to Improve Population 363,762 Health and the Quality of Health Care Services

CRC FOR ABORIGINAL HEALTH 2,302

Samuel Michael Crane Urban Koori Men’s Experience of 2,302 Substance Abuse DEPT OF HEALTH & AGEING 770,007

Dr Marcus Chen Chlamydia Screening of Antenatal 201,281 Women in Melbourne Dr Jane Hocking Chlamydia Incidence and Re-Infection 151,584 Rates: a Longitudinal Study of Young Australian Women

Prof Christopher Fairley Improved Chlamydia Contact Tracing 417,142 by Optimising Cost-Effective and Sustainable Supports

DEPT OF HUMAN SERVICES $47,710

A/Prof David Dunt Promoting Public Awareness of 11,721 Prevention, Early Detection and Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Dr Margaret Kelaher Responding to Health Inequalities: 35,989 Investigating the Impact of Neighbourhood Renewal on Health & Well-Being in Disadvantaged Victorian Communities

L.E.W. CARTY CHARITABLE FUND $12,000

Dr Melanie Matheson Genetic Modifiers of Environmental 12,000 Risk Factors for Longitudinal Changes in Asthma

MONASH UNIVERSITY $8,000

Dr Grace Mitchell Quantifying Stormwater Recycling 8,000 Risks and Benefits NATIONAL BREAST CANCER FOUNDATION $130,890

Prof John Hopper Mutations in Steroid Hormone 130,890 Metabolism Genes and Risk of Breast Cancer

14 Sponsor Responsible Ci Description 2006 New Grants Income NHMRC $520,543

A/Prof Dorota Gertig Molecular Epidemiology of Chronic 48,625 Disease and Cancer Dr Marcus Chen Improving The Control of Chlamydia in 65,800 Australia Dr Mark Jenkins “Germline Mutations in Mismatch 213,000 Repair Genes: Prevalence, Risk of Cancer, and Environmental Modifiers of Risk.”

Dr Robert Macinnis Statistical Models for Genetic 61,713 Susceptibility to Prostate and Other Common Cancers.

Dr Andrew Holloway Establishment of a Latrobe Valley 17,576 Power Industry Cohort and Biospecimen Bank for the Study of Asbestos Related Disease

Prof John Mathews Modelling the Biology & Transmission 113,829 of Influenza Virus – Learning From 1918-19 and Other Outbreaks

THE CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION $3,795

Prof John Hopper Genome Wide Association Study of 3,795 Colorectal Cancer THE HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN $81,752

Prof John Hopper Genetic Studies of Mammographic 81,752 Density – (Sub-Grant Agreement Between the Hospital for Sick Children, D. Johanna Rommens, and the University Of Melbourne, Professor John Hopper)

THE IAN POTTER FOUNDATION $400

Dr Melanie Matheson American Thoracic Society 400 International Conference UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE $3,432

Dr Melanie Matheson Genetic Modifiers of Environmental 3,432 Risk Factors for Longitudinal Changes In Asthma - Melbourne Early Career Researcher Grant Scheme 2006

VIC HEALTH PROMOTION FOUNDATION $333,616

Prof Doreen Rosenthal Understanding Women’s Experiences 320,705 of Unplanned Pregnancy and Abortion Tania Louise King Relationship Between Aspects of 12,911 the Built Environment, SES, Physical Activity and Obesity

Grand Total $2,611,379

15 Grants awarded in 2006 to commence 2007 Researchers in the School of Population Health and affiliated institutions were awarded $11,756,762 that will flow to them from 2007. $4,367,164 will be directly administered by the School.

Sponsor Responsible Ci Description 2006 New Grants Income

NHMRC Project Grants $5,718,539

Shyamali Dharmage, John Genetic epidemiology of chronic $840,113 Hopper, Melanie Matheson, respiratory diseases from childhood to Michael Abramson, Graham adult Byrnes

Jane Fisher, Heather Rowe, A randomized trial of an early parenting $376,375 Doreen Rosenthal, Julie intervention to reduce maternal Quinliven, Lyle Gurrin mood disorder and infant behaviour disturbance.

Kit Fairley, Catriona Treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a $255,425 Bradshaw, Marie Pirotta, randomised controlled trial Suzanne Garland, Jane Hocking

John Mathews, Terry Modelling of the effects of immunity $264,713 Nolan, Niels Becker, Jodie on influenza transmission – McVernon, James McCaw, implications for prevention and vaccine Emma McBryde development

John Hopper, Mark Jenkins, Statistical analyses of breast cancer $410,250 Graham Byrnes, Laura risks for BRAC1 and BRAC2 mutation Baglietto, Carmel Apicella carriers

John Hopper, Shyamali A prospective study of the effects $442,838 Dharmage, Gillian Dite, of early life growth of adult Carmel Apicella mammographic density

Kelly-Anne Phillips, John kConFab follow-up: A prospective $698,575 Hopper, Michael Friedlander, study of non-genetic risk modifiers in Mark Jenkins, Sue Ann women at high risk of breast cancer McLachlan, Roger Milne

Sepher Tabrizi, Kit Fairley, Surveillance of LGV Chlamydia $186,875 Basil Donovan trachomatis types among men who have sex with men

Administered by Sheena Reilly, Margot Prior, Understanding how language $633,550 Partner Institution Anne Castles, Melissa Wake, and reading probems develop: a (MCRI) Edith Bavin, John Carlin population-based longitudinal study from infancy age 7

Cancer Council Gialuca Severi, Vanessa Markers of Androgen action, genetic $772,700 Hayes, Justine Ellis, Rodney variation and prostate cancer risk Sinclair

Cancer Council Ron Borland, Melanie Extending the Australian arm of the $837,125 Wakefield, Hua Hie Yong, International Tobacco Control Policy Mohammad Siahpush Evaluation Study

16 Sponsor Responsible Ci Description 2006 New Grants Income

NHMRC Career Development Award $445,000

Lyle Gurrin Bayesian Statistical Methods for $445,000 Combining Evidence in Genetic Association Studies of Complex Disease

NHMRC Population Health Capacity Building Grants $2,449,375

Administered by MCRI Melissa Wake, John Carlin Developing child health research with $2,449,375 a focus on preventative interventions for common childhood disorders

NHMRC Strategic Research Grants $1,641,848

Administered by Andrew Holloway, Anthony Establishment of a LaTrobe $581,225 Peter McCallum LaMontagne Valley power industry cohort and Institute biospecimen bank for the study of asbestos related disease

Administered by Sue Richardson, Anna Changing patterns of work: impacts $1,060,623 Flinders University Ziersch, Fran Baum, Diannah on physical and mental health and the Lowry, Anne Kavanagh, mediating role of resiliency and social Laurence Lester, Tony La capital Montagne, Rebecca Bentley

ARC Discovery Grants $1,247,000

John Hopper, MA Reuter, J Expert judgement of environmental $282,000 Langford health risks from exposures to contaminants in urban water systems

Tony Scott Blended payment system for doctors; $165,000 evaluation of a natural experiment Administered by the H Maxwell Stewart, R Founders and survivors: Australian $800,000 University of Tasmania Kippen, Janet McCalman, lifecourses in historical context G McCarth R Shlomowitz, Alison Venn, Shyamali Dharmage

ARC Linkage Grant $255,000

Administered by C McMahon, F Gibson, Jane Age at first birth, mode of conception $255,000 Macquarie University; Fisher, J Boivin, D Saunders and adjustment to parenthood industry partners IVF Australia and Melbourne IVF)

17 School Of Population Health Seminar Series 2006 The School seminar series was well received throughout 2006 with increasing attendance levels. It provided opportunities for staff and visitors to showcase their research.

Date Speaker Title/General topic Feb 8 Associate Professor Gita Mishra, Medical Research Life course approach to health outcomes Council Senior Fellow, United Kingdom Birth Cohort Study, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London

Mar 1 Ms Kirsty Harris, PhD candidate, Department of Nursing responses to Spanish influenza 1918-19 as a History, University of Melbourne basis for nursing a possible avian flu epidemic

Mar 22 Dr Elizabeth Bryan, Paediatrician and Medical Iatrogenic twins: Bonus or failure? Consultant, Multiple Births Foundation, London

Mar 29 Associate Professor Harry Minas, Director, Developing a mental health system in Aceh and Sri Centre for International Mental Health, School of Lanka Population Health, University of Melbourne

Apr 12 Professor Tony Jorm, Professorial Fellow, ORYGEN Improving the mental health literacy of the Australian Research Centre, University of Melbourne public

Apr 26 Dr Richard Scotton, Former Professorial Fellow, Paying for health care in Australia: An historical Health Economics Unit, Monash University perspective

May 10 Professor Boyd Swinburn, Professor of Population Community-based obesity demonstration projects: Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Building the evidence and expertise Deakin University

May 17 Associate Professor Debbie Feldman, Faculty of Referral to specialists for persons with new-onset Medicine, School of Rehabilitation, University of rheumatoid arthritis: A population-based study Montreal

May 24 Associate Professor Jane Fisher, Key Centre for Is assisted conception a risk factor for early Women’s Health in Society, School of Population parenting difficulties? Health, University of Melbourne

Jun 7 Associate Professor John Ayanian, Harvard Medical Understanding & Eliminating Racial Disparities in School and School of Public Health USA Health Care

Jun 8 Associate Professor John Ayanian, Harvard Medical The Quest for Universal Health Insurance in the School and School of Public Health USA United States: What happens to Americans who can’t afford to get sick?

Jun 14 Mr Todd Harper, director QUIT and the VicHealth The cost-effectiveness of tobacco control Centre for Tobacco Control (VCTC), Cancer Council Victoria & Dr Susan Hurley, Associate Professor, School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, and director, Bainbridge Consultants

Jun 21 Professor Graham Giles, Director, Cancer Prostate cancer: Risk factors for the lethal Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria phenotype(s) Jun 28 Dr Jane Hocking, NHMRC Postdoctoral Research Epidemiology and control of genital Chlamydia Fellow, School of Population Health, University of infection in Australia Melbourne 18 Date Speaker Title/General topic Jul 5 Dr Carolyn Whitzman, Senior Lecturer, Urban Gender, Local Governance and Violence Prevention: Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Building and An international perspective Planning, University of Melbourne

Jul 19 Associate Professor Michael Shields, Department Parental income and child health of Economics, University of Melbourne

Aug 2 Dr Marj Moodie, Program Evaluation Unit, School of Economics of obesity Population Health, University of Melbourne

Aug 16 Associate Professor Jane Halliday, Head, Public Assisted reproductive technology and perinatal Health Genetics Unit, Murdoch Childrens Research outcome Institute

Aug 30 Associate Professor Tony LaMontagne, Senior Workplace Stress in Victoria: Developing a Systems Research Fellow, Centre for Health and Society, Approach: Summary of Findings and Implications for School of Population Health, University of Policy & Practice Melbourne

Sep 13 Dr Mark Jenkins, Senior Lecturer, Centre for Ethical issues in public health research Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology. School of Population Health, University of Melbourne

Sep 27 Associate Professor David Dunt, Director, Program Evaluating community-based initiatives: Lessons Evaluation Unit, School of Population Health, from Best Start University of Melbourne

Oct 25 Professor Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Murdoch Epidemiologic investigation of hygiene hypothesis Childrens Research Institute and immune disorders

Nov 8 Dr Catriona Bradshaw, PhD candidate, Sexual Gaps in our understanding of common sexually Health Unit, School of Population Health, University transmitted infections: Current dilemmas and of Melbourne possible solutions

Nov 15 SPH teaching and research awards

Nov 22 Associate Professor Marilys Guillemin, Deputy Investigating human research ethics in practice Director and Senior Research Fellow, Centre for Health and Society, School of Population Health, University of Melbourne

Dec 6 Dr Lyle Gurrin, Senior Lecturer, Centre for Genetic and environmental modifiers of hereditary Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic haemochromatosis: The HealthIron Study Epidemiology, School of Population Health, University of Melbourne

Dec 13 SPH Christmas quiz

19 Staff Associate Professors *denotes part-time staff Robert Carter, BA Macq. MAdmSt ANU PhD Monash GDipEpi&PopH ANU School of Population Health David Dunt, MB BS Melb. MAPrelim LaTrobe PhD Monash Head Of School and Associate Dean and Professor FFPHM Terence Michael Nolan, BMedSc MB BS W.Aust. PhD McG. Jane Rosamond Fisher, BSc Qld. PhD Melb. FRACP FAFPHM *Dorota Gertig, MB BS Monash MHSc(ClinEpi) UBC ScD(Epi) Deputy Head of School and Professor Harv. FAFPHM Ian Philip Anderson, MB BS Melb. PhD LaTrobe Lynn Gillam, BA Melb MA Oxf PhD Monash *Peter Greenberg, MB BS Melb. MD Melb. PhD Melb. FRACP Professional Staff Marilys Guillemin, BAppSc RMIT MEd Murd. PhD Melb. DipEd School Manager Anne Kavanagh, MB BS Flinders PhD ANU FAFPHM Leanne Taylor, BSc Deakin BHA NSW MHSc LaTrobe Steven Klimidis, BSc Monash PhD ANU PGDipDietetics Deakin Harry Minas, MB BS Melb. BMedSc Melb. DPM FRANZCP IT Manager Jane Pirkis, BA Tas. MPsych Tas. MAppEpi ANU PhD Melb. Nick Golovachenko BA Syd Senior Lecturers IT Officers Catherine Marie Bennett, BSc LaTrobe MAppEpid ANU PhD Niven Mathew BE TIEC MIT Monash LaTrobe Andrew Poynton BAppSc RMIT PGrad Cert (BIT) Melb Elizabeth Bennett, MTropHlth Qld PhD Melb Vladimir Tittl Cert IV Civil Eng Moorabbin Adv Sound Prod Ma Luz Casimiro-Querubin, BA Ateneo de Manila MD RMIT Philippines FPPA Academic Programs Manager *Steven Crowley, BAppSc Curtin MSc York MBA Monash Elizabeth Lagias GDipDietit Deakin Shaun Ewen BAppSc S.Aust Academic Programs Officers Lyle Gurrin, BSc W.Aust. PhD W.Aust. Katie Dumas BLit Melb Dip Ed Melb Mark Jenkins, BSc Monash PhD Melb. Finance and Resources Officer Martha Adele MacIntyre, BA PhD ANU CertSocAnth Camb. Fiona Kostidis BSc Melb Martha Morrow, BA Kalamazoo MA Harv. PhD LaTrobe (on PA to Head of School secondment to 2007) Nora Li Dip Exec SecStudies HK Polytechnic *Julie Simpson, BSc Melb. PhD Open Uni UK PGDip(MathStat) Public Health Cambridge UK *Jennifer Thomson, MB BS Monash MBiostats Melb. PhD Head of Department and Professor Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. Terence Michael Nolan, BMedSc MB BS W.Aust. PhD McG. *Henrietta Williams, MB BS Lond. MPH Monash DRCOGUK FRACP FAFPHM DCH MRCGP MFFP DipGUM FRACGP Deputy Head of Department and Professor Joint Senior Lecturer with Asia Institute Ian Philip Anderson, MB BS Melb. PhD LaTrobe Andrea Whittaker, BA Qld. PhD Qld. (on transfer to 2008) Professors Lecturers Dallas English, BSc Melb. MS Wash. PhD Wash. *Lisa Amir, MB BS Monash MMed Melb. PhD LaTrobe IBCLC Christopher Kincaid Fairley, MB BS Melb. PhD Monash FRACP (on leave to 2008) FAFPHM FAChSHM Vicki Briggs BA S.Aust Helen Edith Herrmnan, BMedSc MB BS Monash, MD Melb, Alison Brookes, BA Deakin PhD Deakin FFPHUK FRANZCP FAFPHM Angela Clarke, BA VUT MPublHlth Deakin *Janet Susan McCalman, BA Melb. PhD ANU FAHA Shaun Ewen, BAppSc S.Aust. Doreen Rosenthal AO BA Melb PhD Melb FASSA Bill Genat, BSc W.Aust. PhD W.Aust. John Richard Wiseman, BA Melb. BSW Melb. PhD LaTrobe *Helen Jordan, BSc Melb. GDipEd Melb. GDipEpi&Biostat (from 29 May 2006) Melb. Professorial Fellows *Jennifer Anne Livingston, BSc Melb. MEd Melb. DipEd Melb. *John Brooke Carlin, BSc W.Aust. PhD Harv. Heather Rowe, BA LaTrobe PhD Melb. John Hopper, BA Melb. BSc Monash MSc Monash PhD Amanda Tattam BA (Journalism) Monash (Community Liaison/ LaTrobe (National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Research Translation Officer) Principal Research Fellow) *John Waller, BA Oxf. MSc Oxf. PhD Lond. 20 Senior Tutor Melanie Matheson, BSc Monash MAppSc RMIT PhD Monash Ann Brothers, BA Melb. James Matthew McCaw, BSc Melb. PhD Melb. Principal Research Fellows *Rosemary McKenzie, BA Monash MPH Curtin PGDipHlthProm John Lawrence Fitzgerald, PhD Monash PhD Melb. Curtin Anthony LaMontagne, MSc Harv. MEd Mass. PhD Harv. Tania Nadalina Miletic, BA Melb. PGrad Psych Melb. MCertInterstudies ICU Tokyo MPubAdmin ICU Tokyo Senior Research Fellows Johanna Monk, BA Melb. MA Monash Elizabeth Sutherland Bennett, MTropHlth Qld. PhD Melb. Marjorie Moodie, BA Monash *Grant Blashki, MB BS Monash MD Monash FRACGP RACGP *Belinda Morley, BA Monash *Andrew Dalton, BEc Monash MEc Monash DipEd Monash *Lucio Naccarella, BSc Adel. GDipMHS(Transcult) Melb. GDipHEcEval Monash Nicholas Osborne, BSc Adel. BSc Flinders MAgSc Qld. PhD Shyamali Dharmage, MB BS Colombo MSc Colombo MD Qld. Colombo PhD Monash *Michael Otim, BSc Makerere Uni. Uganda MEcon Monash Marion Frere, BA UWA MA Melb PhD Melb GDipEc Newcastle PGDipHlthEc&Evln Monash Margaret Kelaher, BSc(Psych) NSW PhD NSW Gregory Phillips, BA Qld. MMedSc Qld. Jodie McVernon, MB BS Monash BMedSc Monash PhD Oxf. *Catherine Mihalopoulos, BBSc LaTrobe GDipEcSt Therese Riley, BSocSci RMIT MA RMIT PhD RMIT PGDipHlthEc&Eval Monash *Ting Fang Shih, BS CMC Taiwan MPH Tulane USA DrPH Priscilla Pyett, BA Monash PhD Deakin Melb. Kevin Rowley, BAppl Sci RMIT PhD Melb. GDipEpid Melb. Paul Stewart, GDipIndigSt Syd. *Theonie Tacticos, BBus Monash GDipCommDevt RMIT Research Fellows *Kui-siang Tay-Teo, BPharm Monash MPH(HlthEco) Melb. Carmel Apicella, BSc Monash MSc Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. David Thomas, MB BS Syd. MMedSci Newcastle PhD NTU PhD Melb. Lyndal Thomas, BSc Monash *Rebecca Bentley, BBSc LaTrobe Sue West, BA Phillip IT MA RMIT Gabrielle Berman, BEComFin RMIT BCom (Hons) Melb PhD *Michelle Williamson, BHlthSc LaTrobe RMIT Kathleen Brasher, CertGeneralNurs Royal Melb CertMidwifery NHMRC Postdoctoral Research Fellows Monash BASc(Nursing) Monash GradDipArts Melb PhD Jane Hocking, BAppSc(MLS) RMIT MPH Melb. MHSc(PHP) Monash LaTrobe PhD Melb. Graham Byrnes, BSc Syd. PhD Syd. PGDip(AppStats) Melb. Michelle Kermode, BA Macq. MNS LaTrobe MPH Melb. Marcus Chen, MB BS Melb. PhD Syd. DipVen Monash MRCP Maggie Kirkman, BA Melb. PhD LaTrobe UK FAChSHM FRACGP DTM&H Lond. Cathy Segan, BA Melb. PhD LaTrobe Xiaogang Chen, BSc Hangzhou MSc Changchun R. Douglas Wright Research Fellow PostgradDipIMGP ITC (Netherlands) PhD Melb Deborah Warr, BA Deakin MA Monash PhD Monash *Stephen Colgan, BNurs Deakin VicHealth Public Health Research Fellow Clare Constantine, BSc W.Aust. PhD Murd. GDip(CompSci) Murd. Shelley Mallett, BAppSc LaTrobe BA LaTrobe PhD LaTrobe Kyllie Cripps, BA S.Aust. PhD Monash Melanie Davern, BSc Melb BSc(Hons) Deakin PhD Deakin Research Officers Gillian Dite, BSc Melb. PhD Melb. GDipEpiBiostat Melb. Christopher Thomas McCaw, BA Melb. BSc Melb. James Dowty, BSc Melb. PhD Melb. Cathryn Whaton, BAppSc Deakin *Bircan Erbas, BSc Melb. MSc Melb. PhD Melb. Research Assistants *Peter Feldman, BA Tas. Melanie Adams, BAppSci Deakin Karin Hammarberg, RN BSc Sweden MWomen’sHlth Melb Paul Chang, BSc Auck. MSc Auck. PGDipSc Auck. PhD Melb *Claudine Chionh, BA Melb. Kate Rawson Johnston, BA Melb. BComm Melb. *Jennifer Foord BAsianStudies ANU MPubPol GRIPS Tokyo *Alan Headey, BA Qld. Tessa Keegel, BA(Hons) Monash MA Monash Lucinda Johnson, BCom Melb. BSc Melb. MPH Melb. GradDipEpidBiostats Melb Lauren Matheson, BA Calg. MWH Melb. *Louise Keogh, BSc W.Aust. MA Monash PhD LaTrobe *Joan McPhee, BA Rutgers MNutr&Diet Deakin *Deborah Keys, BA Deakin PhD LaTrobe Deborah Moon, BA LaTrobe DipEd Melb. Tania King, BA Melb. BSc Melb. *Carolyn Nickson, BA LaTrobe GDipEpi&Biostat Melb. Maggie Kirkman, BA Melb. PhD LaTrobe Bree Rankin, BCom Melb. *Fay Kohn, MA Deakin DEd Melb. DipPT Deakin GDipTESOL Amanda Richardson, RN Deakin *Janet Townsend, BA LaTrobe MA(AppSocRes) Monash GDip 21 WelfAdm Monash GDipEd Deakin Michelle Haby de Sosa, BAppSc S.Aust. MAppSc Syd. Gael Trytell, BSc Monash BA Swinburne PhD Syd. Christine Van Vliet, BSc NSW MB BS NSW MPH Syd. DipEd Wendy Holmes, MB BS Lond. MSc Lond. NSW Krishna Philip Hort, MB BS Syd. DRCOG Lond DTCH Liverpool Honorary Appointments MCH NSW FAFPHM James Kimberley Humphery, BA MA MPhil Camb. PhD Professorial Fellows Robin Hyndman, BSc PhD Warwick Hugh Anderson, MB BS BMedSc MA MD Melb. PhD Rosemary Ann Lester, MB BS Melb. MPH Monash MS(Epid) Penn. UCLA FAFPHM Ross Bailie, MBChB CapeTown MPhil CapeTown Duncan MacGregor, MB BS BMedSc PhD Melb. MD(CommHlth) CapeTown MRNZCGP FCCH(SA) FAFPHM Catherine Louise Mead, PSM MB BS Syd. DPH Syd. FRACMA Stephen Bird, BSc Lancaster PhD Leicester PGCE ScEdu FAFPHM Sussex FIOB FBASES Michael Montalto, MB BS Melb. PhD Melb. DipRACOG Melb. Ron Borland, BSc Monash MSc Monash PhD Melb. MAPS FRACGP John Nicholas Crofts, MB BS Melb. MPH Monash FAFPHM Daniel Reidpath, BA Swinburne PhD W.Aust. DEdPsych Graham Giles, BSc MSc Mich. PhD Tas. Monash Margaret Ann Hamilton, BA MSW Mich. DipSocSt Mohammad Siahpush, BS Utah MS Utah MBiostats Melb. Allan Kellehear, BA PhD PhD Ohio Lenore Hilda Manderson, BA(AsianSt) ANU PhD ANU FASSA Julie Thacker, BSc W.Aust. PhD ANU GDipEd Curtin UCLES/ John Mathews, AM, BSc Melb. MB BS Melb. MD Melb. PhD RSA CLEFLA Lond. Melb. Hon DSc NT FRACP FRCPA FAFPHM Susan Treloar, BSocStud Syd. MSc Lond. MSW NSW PhD Qld. Alan Rob Moodie, MB BS Melb. MPH Harv. FAFPHM FRACGP Tarun Stephen Weeramanthri, MB BS W.Aust. DipTropMedHyg DRACOG DTM Paris FAIM Lond. PhD Syd. FRACP FAFPHM Robert Power, BSc Lond. PhD Lond. PGCE Lond. Godfrey Woelk, BSc(Soc) MCommH PhD Wash. Robin Room BA Princeton MA (English) MA (Sociology) PhD Berkeley Fellows with the title Lecturer Karyn Alexander, MBChB Leicester MPH Monash Edward William Russell, BA Melb. BEc Monash PhD Monash Laura Baglietto, BSc Italy MSc Italy PhD Birmingham UK DipArchSt Lond. FAIM FIPAA(Vic) John Biviano, BAppSc RMIT MBus RMIT GDipBus RMIT Anthony Scott, BA Northumbria MSc York PhD Aberdeen Michelle Boglis, RN Julian Savulescu, MB BS LaTrobe BMedSc LaTrobe PhD Janet Briggs, BAppSc LaTrobe DipAppSc LaTrobe RN RM LaTrobe Clare Teresa Brophy, RN Principal Fellows with the title Associate Professor Heather Elizabeth Dawson, BAppSci(Physio) Lincoln BEd Donald Alexander Campbell, MBBS Monash MMedSc(Clin Epi) LaTrobe PGDipHlthResMethods LaTrobe MPH Monash Newcastle MD Monash FRACP Richard Di Natale, MB BS Monash MPH LaTrobe MHSc Christopher John Clements, MB BS. Lond. MSc Manchester LaTrobe FAFPHM FACRRM DipChildHlth, RCP Lond. DipObst Auck. FAFPH MFPH MCCM Ashley Fletcher, BSc Monash MEpi Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. LRCP MRCS Susan Foxman-Feldman, BA LaTrobe MA Alex Cohen, BA NY MA NY PhD UCLA Jane Freemantle, PhD W.Aust. Joan Cunningham, BA Harv. PhD Harv. Craig Lindsay Matthew Fry, BSc Monash Peter William Deutschmann, MB BS MPHC FRACS Jane Gibson William Hart, MB BS Monash MBScPrelim GDipCH LaTrobe Elizabeth Hoban, BA Edith Cowan MTropHlth Qld PhD Melb. Fumi Horiguchi, BMed TokyoWmMed-College PhD Keio Sonja Hood, BA Melb. MSc Penn. Susan Hurley, BPharm Vic.Coll.Pharm. MPharm Vic.Coll. Cecily Hunter, BA Monash MSc Melb. PhD Melb. Pharm. MSc Wash. PhD Monash GAICD Marita Kefford, DipAppSc PhillipIT Damien John Jolley, BSc Melb. MSc Lond. MSc LaTrobe DipEd Ruth Lawrence, RN SCVic. David Michael Lee, BAppSc(UTS) DrPH Melb. MPH Syd. Heath Kelly, BSc MB BS W.Aust. MPH W.Aust. FAFPHM GDip(CritCare) Syd. FRCNA FCN Vikram Patel, MB BS Bom. MSc Oxf. MRCPsych RCP (UK) Stephanie Lenko, GDipOHP LaTrobe RN RM PhD Lond. Tania Lewis, MB BS Otago BA Canterbury MA Canterbury PhD Senior Fellows with the title Senior Lecturer Melb. James Francis Patrick Black, MB BS Monash MCommH Liv. Betty Yar Yuan Lim, BNurs Deakin RN PhD Monash DTM&H Liv. FAFPHM Tamara Mackean, MB BS NSW MB BS W.Aust. MPH Adel. John Carnie, MB BS Melb. MMed Melb. MPH Harv. DipCH Ethna Mary Macken, BA Swinburne DipAppSc PhillipIT RN Ceylon DipCH Lond. MRCP(UK) FRACMA FAFPHM Milica Markovic, BSoc Belgrade MSoc Belgrade PhD Qld. John Condon, MB BS Monash MPH Harv. CertHlthEcon Brian McCoy, BA Melb. BTheol Melb. PhD Melb. GCert Monash PhD Charles Darwin CommMentalHlth Flinders DipCrim Melb. Jisheng Cui, BSc Shandong MMedBiostat Shanghai PhD Elizabeth McGrath, BA Melb. LaTrobe Roger Laughlin Milne, BA Melb. BSW Melb. BComm Melb. Louisa Flander, BA G.Wash. MA G.Wash. MA RMIT PhD GDipClinEpi Monash Colorado Penny Mitchell, BSc Psych NSW MPH Syd. 22 Head of School Professor Terry Nolan with Professor John Carlin, who was awarded the School’s Teaching Excellence Award for 2006 (see report page 7).

Alison Morgan, MB BS Syd. DRANZCOG DTM&H Liverpool Professional Staff Christopher John Morgan, MB BS Syd. DTCH Liverpool CEO Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre FRACP David Irving BSc James Cook PhD ANU Paula Nathan, AssDipMedLabSci RMIT Centre/Unit Managers Kerry-Ann O’Grady, BScN JCU MAppEpid ANU GDipPH Syd. Jenny Burchill BA VU Aleck Ostrey, BSc UBC MSc UBC MA Simon Fraser PhD UBC Janine Campbell, BA Melb GradCertUM Melb Phillip Patterson, RN IDCert Mary Joy Gleeson, BBus VU MEd Melb Michaela Riddell, BAppSc RMIT GDipEpiBio Melb. PhD Melb. Maggie Lenaghan BA Monash BA (Fine Art) Prahran GDipFA (from 1 May 2006) VCA GDip BusAdmin RMIT Mary Rillstone, BA Otago MHS Otago DipTheoSt Otago Tracey Mayhew Jane Ryrie, RN Felice Rocca, BA (Hons) Melb Deborah Saunders, RN Douglas Scobie, BA Deakin Gianluca Severi, BSc Genoa MSc Milan Italy PhD Milan Italy PhD Birmingham UK Centre/Unit Staff Serena Simms, RN Penny Allen Pamela Sinclair, DipAppSc RN Maggie Angelakos BSc Monash Richard John Sloman, MB BS Monash GDipEpid Melb. Kellie Aujard, BInfo Sys Swinburne Jacinta Sonego, BAppSc LaTrobe RN Jennifer Boadle, BA Deakin Patricia Staig Kim Dorell BA Qld Yvonne Stolk, BA Melb. MAResPsych Melb. MAClinical Psych Emily England BA/BSc La Trobe GDipEd Monash Melb. PhD Melb. Elizabeth Gwynne Kirsty Maree Thompson, BAppSc(OT) Syd. Vicki King Loretta Thorn MB BS Melb. Kate Jenkins DipBus RMIT Diane Roslyn Tibbits, BSc PhD Monash GDip LaTrobe Judi Maskiell, BAppSc(Nurs) Monash GDipBusSt (Mgt) Eve Urban, BN LaTrobe, MEd Monash RN Monash Sandra Walker, BA Swinburne GDipAppPsych VUT DPsych Nicole McMillan Swinburne RN RM Adam Moffat Marie West, RN Karen O’Brien Ann Felicity Westmore, BSc MSc PhD Melb. Leanne Perry BA (Hons) Leeds Vanessa Wood, BAppSc Nsg LaTrobe GDip Mgmt VU Leanne Prior AdvSexualHealth Nurse Judy Pryor Tiam Yap BAppSc RMIT Dennellie Ricardo-Fraser Helen Smallwood, BA LaTrobe Grad Dip Soc Res Methods Adjunct Staff Melb MSc RMIT Professors Jennifer Sievers BInfMan Monash Sidney Bloch, MB ChB CapeTown PhD ECFMG DipPsyMed Katie Symes BA Melb Sioban Nelson, BA LaTrobe PhD Griff. Kellie Vizard Adv Cert(Admin) Box Hill TAFE ADip(Bus) Box Loane Skene, LLM Monash LLB Barrister & Solicitor Victoria Hill TAFE Senior Research Fellow Nicole Wadell Jenny Lewis, BSc MEnvSc PhD Camb. GDipRecPling Davina Woods, BEd QUT Grad Cert S Aust MA Monash Alexis Wright, BA RMIT MA RMIT GDipPubPol Joy Yeadon Senior Lecturer Jane Yule, BA Monash MA Monash Grad Dip Rec PhillipIT Tim Marjoribanks, PhD Harv. Lecturers Rosemary Robins, BA PhD NSW 23

MEGA Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic (MEGA) Epidemiology’s aim is to develop, promote and consolidate epidemiologic research and teaching. The Centre houses the Australian Twin Registry and has strong links with the Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory in the Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne.

Overview interests are in cancer Learning and time mode concurrently, and epidemiology and he remains increasing the accessibility The Centre completed its a chief investigator on the teaching to students with work first full year of operation Melbourne Collaborative The Centre provides two core commitments. in 2006. With its extensive Cohort Study, which is based programs in Epidemiology research programs and The restructure of the and Biostatistics. The thriving postgraduate at the Cancer Council. epidemiology curriculum program in Epidemiology, teaching, including a The inaugural Director, has resulted in more full- including substantial applied revised and innovative Professor John Hopper time international and local biostatistics, was redesigned Master of Epidemiology, was appointed Director students enrolling in the during 2005 to provide a it is an internationally- (Research) and continues to program, and has increased solid but flexible core for a renowned academic centre head the thriving research the subject load taken by new Master of Epidemiology. for epidemiology and activity of the Centre our part-time local students biostatistics. During 2006, (see “Research” section The Postgraduate Diploma as well. The total School of the Centre continued to below). Professor Hopper’s of Epidemiology was phased Population Health full time grow and produced research contribution in steering out from 2005, the last year equivalent student load output of high quality and the new Centre through its of intake. taught by the Centre grew impact. It also accepted inaugural year has been The revised epidemiology from 39.1 in 2005 to 58.1 in the first cohort of students crucial to its current and coursework program 2006. The average number into its revised Master of future success. Dr Catherine that forms the core of of students in the Centre’s Epidemiology. Bennett was appointed the restructured Master classroom-based subjects In April, Dallas English, Director (Learning and of Epidemiology and the also grew from an average of commenced as Director and Teaching). Dr Bennett is the Epidemiology & Biostatistics 13.6 in 2005 to 29.6 in 2006. Professor of Epidemiology course coordinator for the stream of the Master A specialist biostatistics and Biostatistics. Professor Master of Public Health and of Public Health began program (with a strong English’s most recent the Master of Epidemiology successfully in 2006. This mathematical foundation) appointment was in the and is also Chair of the was the first time component is offered in conjunction Cancer Epidemiology Centre, School’s Postgraduate subjects of the course have with the Biostatistics The Cancer Council Victoria. Studies Committee and been delivered in intensive Collaboration of Australia, Previously he had been at Deputy Chair of the Faculty’s mode (five days), allowing which consists of seven The University of Western Academic Programs the program to be delivered universities, for those Australia. His research Committee. in both full time and part seeking professional 2005 2006

Course Total Int’l Local Course Total Int’l Local

M Epidemiology 3 0 3 M Epidemiology 19 3 16

PgDip Epidemiology 8 1 7 PgDip Epidemiology 7 0 7

PgCert Biostatistics 6 0 6 PgCert Biostatistics 6 0 6

PgDip Biostatistics 12 0 12 PgDip Biostatistics 23 0 23

M Biostatistics 21 0 21 M Biostatistics 26 0 26

TOTAL 50 1 49 81 3 78

26 Professor Dallas English Cancer Council, and for attributes an element of a period, to international serendipity to how he consultancy. started what became a long His research is driven by and distinguished career in curiosity, the desire to improve cancer epidemiology. on past efforts and vigilance MEGA’s new Director and against complacency, motives Professor of Epidemiology he believes are common to all and Biostatistics, Professor good researchers. English recalls taking on His educational work is fuelled a post graduate job to by “the realisation that not only conduct an epidemiological do you have to replace yourself survey of injuries among but you have to continually abattoir workers. “I grow the discipline and the way recognised that I needed to know more to do that is through education and research about what I was doing, consulted the training – particularly the research training”. textbooks and realised that this was a really Increasing MEGA’s research training will interesting area,” he says. be a key focus for the Centre in the years A colleague suggested he study ahead, in addition to maintaining high epidemiology in the US. This led him to quality post-graduate teaching and learning undertake his PhD at the University of programs, revolving around the Masters Washington, within a department which degrees in Public Health, Epidemiology focused primarily on cancer. The next 35 and Biostatistics. “I want MEGA to be years saw him appointed to many senior the premier centre for epidemiology and roles in universities and at Victoria’s Anti- biostatistics in Australia.”

training in biostatistics. grants and a successful Major research The Centre, in collaboration Student numbers across ARC Discovery Project programs with the Murdoch Childrens the Certificate, Diploma and application. Centre staff Research Institute and the Asthma, Allergy and Masters reached almost 150 were also named as chief Royal Children’s Hospital, nationally, of whom almost investigators on two other Other Respiratory is investigating the natural 50 were enrolled at the successful NHMRC project Disease history, environmental University of Melbourne. The grant applications and one The research program on and genetic risk factors coordinator of the program at ARC grant application. A allergy, asthma and other for childhood asthma and Melbourne, Professor John key NIH grant, the Australian respiratory disease at allergies using a population- Carlin, was awarded the Breast Cancer Family the Centre is headed by based prospective study of School’s Teaching Excellence Registry, was refunded Dr Shyamali Dharmage. a high risk cohort of children Award in 2006 for his role for a further five years. In This program mainly born from 1991-94 (i.e. in setting up the course addition, Lyle Gurrin was encompasses two major Melbourne Atopic Cohort and for the high quality of awarded a five-year Career cohort studies that are Study). Fifteen-year follow-up the two subjects that he Development Award by currently funded by a of the MACS cohort including has delivered and taught in the NHMRC. Income from number of external funding their parents and siblings was collaboration with Associate research grants in 2006 was bodies, including NHMRC. recently funded by a Healthy Professor Andrew Forbes at $6.8 million and included NIH In addition, the Centre is Start to Life for All Australians Monash University. grants, NHMRC Program collaborating with other local NHMRC strategic award. The first year of the new Grants, a NHMRC Capacity and international research The Centre is part of an program attracted the largest Building Grant in Population groups over studies in this international working enrolments into the Master Health Research, a NHMRC research area. group investigating early- of Epidemiology since this Enabling Grant, NHMRC The Centre, in collaboration life risk factors for asthma degree was introduced, and project grants, a NHMRC with Monash University and in collaboration with the course structure and Career Development Award the University of Tasmania, Haraldsplass Hospital, delivery of individual subjects and NHMRC postdoctoral is investigating the natural Bergen, Norway, and received positive feedback fellowships. history, environmental Department of Public Health from students. We published more than 60 and genetic risk factors Sciences, King’s College, The Centre continues to be peer-reviewed articles on for adult asthma and London. This is a working the largest contributor to the a wide variety of topics. A chronic obstructive group within the European School of Population Health’s common theme was the use pulmonary disease using Community Respiratory postgraduate teaching; with of advanced epidemiological a large population-based Health Survey that has been our number of subjects and and biostatistical methods prospective study of the conducted in 56 centres highest class enrolments, we applied to molecular, 1961 birth cohort enrolled in 28 countries including were responsible for 43% of clinical and epidemiological in the 1968 Tasmanian Australia. A separate the School’s postgraduate problems. In recognition of Asthma Survey, their collaboration with Monash teaching in 2006. his outstanding research parents and siblings. This University and the Centre achievements over many is currently funded by the for Public Health Research, Research years, Professor Hopper NHMRC project grants Massey University, New During 2006, staff of the was awarded the School of scheme, Tasmanian Asthma Zealand, is investigating the Centre were first-named Population Health’s Award Foundation, Victorian Asthma association between indoor investigators on three for Excellence in Research Foundation, GSK and allergens poorly controlled successful NHMRC project Achievement. Sypkes Trust. asthma using the case 27 control methodology. The Twins and Sisters Study 25 percent of participants Melbourne Collaborative Centre is part of a study of Mammographic Breast are migrants to Australia Cohort Study, run by the investigating the impact of Density (in conjunction with from Italy and Greece. These Cancer Council Victoria. air pollutants and pollen on the University of Toronto and migrants were included This includes all HFE C282Y asthma hospital admissions the Queensland Institute to increase the variability homozygotes who are at conducted by the La Trobe of Medical Research) are in lifestyle and genetic high risk of developing University in collaboration large population-based and factors. The main focus of iron overload and random with the Department of clinic-based case-control the study to date has been subsets of other genotypes. Human Services and Monash family studies funded by the on identifying risk factors SNP (genetic marker) University. The Centre also National Health and Medical for cancer, but there is also discovery in candidate genes has a collaborative study Research Council (NHMRC), extensive collaboration with involved in iron metabolism VicHealth, NSW Cancer of occupational allergy investigators working on type by resequencing of 94 Council and the National underway. This is a study 2 diabetes, cardiovascular random individuals, which Institutes of Health (USA). disease, eye disease and of prognostic indicators has now been completed The analysis of genetic arthritis. for occupational contact for 12 genes. Analysis of the mutations and variants is dermatitis in collaboration Hereditary sequencing results comparing with the Occupational a common thread to all Haemochromatosis both allelic frequencies and Dermatology Research studies and much of this haplotypes with published & Education Centre i.e. work is being conducted in This program of research HapMap caucasian Skin Watch Study and is the Genetic Epidemiology was begun by Associate population is underway. currently following up a Laboratory in the Department Professor Dorota Gertig. Selected SNPs from both cohort of 600 workers who of Pathology at The Within the Centre, Lyle Gurrin HealthIron resequencing and have been diagnosed as University of Melbourne. is now responsible for it in other data sources including having occupational contact collaboration with Dr Katie The Melbourne HapMap have recently dermatitis. Allen from the Murdoch Collaborative Cohort Childrens Research Institute. been genotyped in 865 Family studies of cancer Study HealthIron is a study to participants using the Illumina This program of research The Melbourne Collaborative investigate the genetic (NIH GoldenGate genotyping is headed by Professor Cohort Study (MCCS) is funded) and environmental platform. Investigators on the John Hopper. The Centre conducted by The Cancer (NHMRC funded) project have recently begun has pioneered population- Council Victoria and is modifiers of hereditary analysis of these genetic based family studies of headed by Professor Graham haemochromatosis, an iron data. Recent results from cancer that are emerging Giles (honorary professorial overload disease that affects statistical analysis of data as a standard for genetic fellow). Professors English about 1 in 200 people of from HealthIron clinics and epidemiological research. and Hopper are chief Northern European descent. baseline information from The Australian Breast investigators on the study It involves collaborators at the Melbourne Collaborative Cancer Family Registry, and it represents Professor several other institutions in Cohort Study show that the Australasian Colorectal English’s main research Australia and the University people with two copies of Cancer Family Registry, interest. It is a prospective of California at both Berkeley the faulty HFE gene were the Australian Melanoma cohort study of 41,528 and Irvine campuses in the at increased risk of fatigue, Family Study, the Victorian people (17,049 men, 24,479 USA. Almost 1438 people arthritis, bowel cancer (for Paediatric Cancer Family women) aged between 40 were selected and invited for men and women) and breast Study, Australian Prostate and 69 years at recruitment, clinic attendance based on cancer (for women). Disease Cancer Family Study (in which occurred between preliminary HFE genotyping was much more common in conjunction with The Cancer 1990 and 1994. An unusual of the 31,192 Northern men at risk of iron-overload Council Victoria), and The feature of the study is that European participants in the than in women. 28 Statistical methods the Registry. A new website attention. Some of these into a large international This program of research is (www.twins.org.au) was publications are described collaborative resource headed by Professor John launched. Nine applicants below. (including Australia) called Hopper. Methodological were awarded travel funds Publication the Breast Cancer Family research in biostatistics has from the ATR Research Travel Study. Women who carried focused on the development Grant Scheme. Four new highlights one specific ATM mutation, and refinement of methods research projects began in For a full list of publications, called c.7271T>G, were nine for genetic epidemiology 2006 and eight studies in the see the 2006 Publications times more likely to develop and for the analysis of recruitment phase continued. Report, page 89 breast cancer compared to women without the mutation. correlated data more Bernstein L, Teraoka S, Community The other mutation, c.1066- generally. These included Southey M, Jenkins M, activities 6T>G, was not associated methods of clustering and Andrulis L, Knight A, John with breast cancer. These data reduction for extracting Staff of the Centre have M, Lapinski R, Wolitzer results indicate that genetic relevant information from many varied and influential L, Whittemore S, West D, tests of the ATM gene are pathology data, optimising external advisory roles Seminara D, Olson R, Spurdle not useful for identifying design of genome-wide related to research policy, B, Chenevix-Trench G, Giles scans and methods for policy and practice of public G, Hopper J & Concannon women at increased risk analysing data from families, health and policy related to P. 2006. Population-based of breast cancer, but that for both continuous and teaching of public health. estimates of breast cancer testing based on the activity binary outcomes. These These include memberships risks associated with ATM of the gene might be useful. studies help us understand of boards and advisory gene variants c.7271T>G Gurrin LC, Carlin J, Sterne the aetiology of disease and committees, memberships and c.1066-6T>G (IVS10- AC, Dite GS & Hopper J. provide opportunities for of grant review panels and 6T>G) from the Breast Cancer 2006. Using bivariate models public health interventions membership of Human Family Registry. Human to understand between- and such as targeted screening Research Ethics Committees. Mutation. 27 (11): 1122-1128. within-cluster regression of high risk individuals and The Centre was pivotal Individuals who have coefficients, with application families. to the success of the inherited a mutation in a to twin data. Biometrics. 62: 745-751. Australian Twin Australasian Epidemiological gene called ATM are at Association’s Annual increased risk of a rare Comparing measurements Registry (ATR) Scientific Meeting held at neurodegenerative disease on measures like breast Professor John Hopper is the University in September. called ataxia-telangiectasia. density (a risk factor for the Director of the ATR. A The chair of the Organising Several studies have shown breast cancer) within pairs new governance structure Committee (Dorota Gertig) that relatives of individuals of twins, both identical consisting of an Advisory and the Chair of the Scientific with this disease appear to and non-identical, has the Board and an Expert Program Committee (Dallas have increased risk of breast potential to identify genetic Reference Group was English) were both Centre cancer indicating this gene factors that cause disease. implemented. This structure staff and numerous other may also be associated with Scientists analysing this more clearly defines the staff were involved, including breast cancer risk. For this type of data had previously roles and responsibilities of Catherine Bennett, Shyamali study, we genetically tested thought that if the within-pair each group and complies Dharmage, Cathryn Wharton, approximately 3700 women difference in breast density with the NHMRC Enabling Melanie Matheson and diagnosed with breast measures were the same in Grant Scheme policies. The Penny Allen. cancer and their relatives as identical and non-identical staffing was restructured and During the year, several of well as approximately 1200 twins then genetic factors did additional staff employed to the Centre’s publications unrelated women without not play a role in the origin manage the increasing use of received widespread media breast cancer all recruited of disease. Our theoretical 29 The Australian Twin Registry is looking for new recruits as scientists become increasingly aware of the value of using twins in their research. Twins offer a combination of genetic and environmental influences that provide a unique perspective for social and medical research. Both identical and non-identical twins are welcome to join.

Bailey and Jake, aged 5

work in statistical modelling risk. This study examined may be attributable to demonstrated in this paper, has shown that genetic the relatives of 18 bowel “reverse causation”. Infants breast-feeding should be risk factors can be present cancer cases diagnosed at at the highest risk of allergic promoted when formulating even when comparisons a young age and found to disease (due to a strong public health policy or within pairs yield similar have inherited a mutation family history of allergic advising individual mothers. results for identical and non- in mismatch repair gene disease or early signs of Peacock S, Apicella C, identical twins. Our proposed and estimated risk using allergic disease such as Andrews L, Tucker K, Bankier solution to this problem sophisticated statistical eczema) may be breastfed A, Daly B & Hopper J. 2006. provides a new approach techniques that produce longer in the hope that it will A discrete choice experiment to distinguishing the unbiased estimates. Lifetime reduce the risk or delay the of preferences for genetic genetic and environmental risk of bowel cancer in onset of symptoms of long counselling among Jewish determinants of disease. carriers was estimated to be term allergic disorders. women seeking cancer Jenkins M, Baglietto L, 42%, i.e., about half the risk In this paper, we examined genetics services. British Dowty J, Van Vliet C, Smith previously reported. These the association between Journal of Cancer. 95: 1448- L, Mead L, Macrae F, St findings are particularly breastfeeding and increased 1453. important for the genetic John B, Jass R, Hopper J, risk of allergic disease. Early The aim of this study was counselling of mutation Giles G & Southey M. 2006. signs of allergic disease in to determine which aspects carriers, and increase the Cancer risks for mismatch infants were associated with of breast cancer genetic evidence that genetic risk repair gene mutation carriers: mothers prolonging exclusive counselling are important may be modified by other a population-based early breastfeeding. This finding to Ashkenazi Jewish factors. onset case-family study. casts doubt on previous women. Study participants Clinical Gastroenterology and Lowe AJ, Carlin J, Bennett reports suggesting that consisted of 339 Australian Hepatology. 4: 489-498. C, Abramson M, Hosking prolonged breastfeeding may Ashkenazi Jewish women Mismatch repair genes S, Hill J & Dharmage SC. lead to an increased risk of who provided a blood produce proteins that 2006. Atopic disease and allergic disease, and instead sample for research used to detect and repair errors breast-feeding – cause supports a theory of “reverse test for Ashkenazi Jewish in DNA. Individuals who or consequence? Journal causation”. The reviewers ancestral mutations in the have inherited a mutation of Allergy and Clinical of the Journal of Allergy genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, in a mismatch repair gene Immunology. 117: 682-687. and Clinical Immunology, and who were offered their may have decreased ability Historically, there has been which is the highest genetic test result through to repair DNA and are at widespread support for the ranking allergy journal, family cancer genetics increased risk for some concept that breastfeeding identified this as a “land services. Consultations with cancers, including cancer is protective against asthma mark paper”, highlighting heads of genetics services, of the bowel and uterus. and allergic disease (eczema, the wider implications on genetics counsellors, and Previous studies have hay-fever, food allergies). studies investigating early patients identified four estimated that about 80% However, a number of recent life risk factors for allergic distinct aspects to genetic of carriers of mutations in studies have observed disease. Due to the range counselling: providing a mismatch repair gene an association between of benefits associated cancer, gene, and risk will develop bowel cancer. breastfeeding and increased with breastfeeding and information [information]; However, almost all of these risk of developing asthma the difficulty in interpreting giving advice about cancer studies used methods that and eczema. A primary any association between surveillance [surveillance]; were flawed, resulting in criticism of these studies breastfeeding and risk preparing for genetic inflated estimates of cancer has been that their findings of allergic disease, as testing [preparation]; and, 30 Amy and Sarah, aged 4 Max and Jade, aged 5

assistance with decision- Preventive Medicine Staff Monash MBiostats Melb. making [direction]. A 2006;42:14-20 *denotes part time PhD Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. Discrete Choice Experiment Professor English was the Director, Professor and Senior Research Fellow was conducted to measure chief investigator on the Chair of Epidemiology and Shyamali Dharmage, MB BS women’s preferences for the Kidskin trial, which was a Biostatistics Colombo MSc Colombo MD different aspects. Discrete school-based intervention Dallas English, BSc Melb. Colombo PhD Monash Choice Experiments are to reduce sun exposure, MS Wash. PhD Wash. Research Fellows an established economic started in 1995 and involving Director (Research) and Carmel Apicella, BSc method for measuring a comprehensive intervention Professorial Fellow Monash MSc Melb. PhD how much value people including changes to John Hopper, BA Melb. BSc Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. place on different elements health education curricula Monash MSc Monash PhD Graham Byrnes, BSc Syd. PhD of health services. and integration of sun LaTrobe (National Health and Syd. PGDip(AppStats) Melb. Respondents most valued protection material into Medical Research Council Clare Constantine, BSc information, about twice other parts of the curriculum Senior Principal Research W.Aust. PhD Murd. as much as advice about as well as environmental surveillance, four times as Fellow) GDip(CompSci) Murd. and policy interventions. Gillian Dite, BSc Melb. PhD much as preparation for Director (Learning and The results of the trial Melb. GDipEpiBio Melb. testing, and nine times as Teaching), Senior Lecturer demonstrate the importance James Dowty, BSc Melb. much as assistance with Catherine Bennett, BSc of multidisciplinary PhD Melb. decision-making, which LaTrobe MAppEpid ANU PhD collaborations, in this case Bircan Erbas, BSc Melb. was least valued. Women’s LaTrobe between epidemiologists, MSc Melb. PhD Melb. preferences were consistent statisticians, health Professorial Fellow with the major goals of Melanie Matheson, BSc educators and health *John Carlin, BSc W.Aust. Monash MAppSc RMIT PhD genetic counselling, which promoters, in designing, PhD Harv. include providing information Monash implementing and evaluating Associate Professor and Nicholas Osborne, BSc Adel. and surveillance advice, health promotion activities. Principal Research Fellow BSc Flinders MAgSc Qld. and avoiding direction by Furthermore, it also *Dorota Gertig, MB BS PhD Qld. facilitating autonomous demonstrated the value of Monash MHSc(ClinEpi) UBC decision-making. There using trials to investigate Research Officer ScD(Epi) Harv. FAFPHM were differences between questions about relationships Cathryn Wharton, BAppSc the women in which between exposure and Associate Professor Deakin aspects they most favoured, important health outcomes, *Peter Greenberg, MB BS Research Assistants suggesting that counselling free from the biases that Melb. MD Melb. PhD Melb. Melanie Adams, BAppSci that elicits and responds to often exist in observational FRACP Deakin clients’ preferences is more studies. The Kidskin Senior Lecturers Paul Chang, BSc Auck. MSc likely to meet clients’ needs. intervention successfully Lyle Gurrin, BSc W.Aust. PhD Auck. PGDipSc Auck. Milne E, Jacoby P, Giles- reduced sun exposure and W.Aust. *Jennifer Foord Corti B, Cross D, Johnston showed that this reduced Mark Jenkins, BSc Monash Lucinda Johnson, BCom R, English DR. The Impact the number of naevi (moles) PhD Melb. Melb. BSc Melb. MPH Melb. of the Kidskin Sun-Protection although the results of this *Julie Simpson, BSc *Joan McPhee, BA Rutgers Intervention on Summer publication show that unless Melb. PhD Open Uni UK MNutr&Diet Deakin Suntan and Reported Sun the intervention is continued, PGDip(MathStat) Cambridge Deborah Moon, BA LaTrobe Exposure: Was it Sustained? the effects wane over time. *Jennifer Thomson, MB BS DipEd Melb. 31 Amy Nisselle, BSc Melb. Mohammad Siahpush, BS Cancer Council Victoria Coordinator, Australian Amanda Richardson, RN Utah MS Utah MBiostats Bendix Carstensen, Twin Registry *Janet Townsend, BA Melb. PhD Ohio Steno Diabetes Center, Kim Dorrell, BA Qld. LaTrobe MA(AppSocRes) Susan Treloar, BSocStud Denmark Assistant Coordinator, Monash GDipWelfAdm Syd. MSc Lond. MSW NSW Philip Schluter, AUT Uni, Australian Twin Registry Monash GDipEd Deakin PhD Qld. Auckland, New Zealand Emily England, BA/BSc La Gael Trytell, BSc Monash BA Fellows Professional Staff Trobe GDipEd Monash Swinburne Laura Baglietto, BSc Italy Centre Manager Australian Twin Registry Christine Van Vliet, BSc NSW MSc Italy PhD Birmingham UK Maggie Lenaghan, BA Project Support Officer MB BS NSW MPH Syd. John Biviano, BAppSc RMIT Monash BA(FineArt) Prahran Jennifer Boadle, BA Deakin DipEd NSW MBus RMIT GDipBus RMIT GDipFA VCA GDipBusAdmin Finance and Resources Honorary Appointments Ashley Fletcher, BSc Monash RMIT MEpi Melb. GDipEpiBio Officer Interviewer Coordinator/ Professorial Fellows Melb. Vicki King Coordinator of Family Ron Borland, BSc Monash Roger Milne,BA Melb. Personal Assistant Cancer Studies MSc Monash PhD Melb. MAPS BSW Melb. BComm Melb. Kellie Vizard, AdvCert(Admin) Judi Maskiell, BAppSc(Nurs) Graham Giles, BSc MSc GDipClinEpi Monash Box Hill TAFE, ADip(Bus) Monash GDipBusSt(Mgt) Mich. PhD Tas. Michaela Riddell, BAppSc Box Hill TAFE John Mathews, AM, BSc Monash RMIT GDipEpiBio Melb. PhD Administration Officer Melb. MB BS Melb. MD Assistant Data Manager Melb. *Penny Allen Melb. PhD Melb. Hon DSc Gianluca Severi, BSc Maggie Angelakos, BSc NT FRACP FRCPA FAFPHM Genoa MSc Milan Italy PhD Monash Administration Assistants Karen O’Brien Senior Fellows Birmingham UK Database Programmer *Leanne Prior Louisa Flander, BA G.Wash. Selected Visitors *Kelly Aujard, BInfoSys MA G.Wash. MA RMIT PhD Maree Brinkman, Leuven Swinburne Colorado University, Belgium/The 32 CHS Centre for Health and Society School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006

33 The key focus for the Centre for Health and Society (CHS) is the interdisciplinary study of health, illness and healthcare in local, national and international settings. The Centre brings perspectives from the humanities and social sciences to the study of medical science, clinical and public health practice and health policy. Director of the Centre for Health and Society: Professor Ian Anderson. “Our Centre is truly multi-disciplinary – we draw from such diverse areas as history, moral philosophy, anthropology, sociology and epidemiology.”

Overview Aboriginal Health taken in establishing the at contributing to the Leaders in Indigenous public understanding of At the Centre for Health Programs Medical Education (LIME) science and medicine. and Society (CHS) we have 2006 was both a year of network. A meeting in Achievements in 2006 for always taken pride in our growth and of consolidation June 2006 endorsed the the Medical History Program large number of high quality for the Onemda VicHealth overarching framework for included Professor Janet PhD candidates, most Koori Health Unit, which the network and the key McCalman being awarded of whom are funded on forms a key part of the CHS. work programs. A website an ARC Linkage Grant prestigious PhD scholarships The seven research themes is being established in order with Turning Point for the including NHMRC, Australian identified as part of the project: Redemption, Women Postgraduate Awards, to facilitate communication Unit’s strategic and research and Alcohol in Melbourne Melbourne Research between members. planning process – Aboriginal Scholarships and VicHealth At the end of 2006, the 1870-1945. Professor Janet health policy and systems; scholarships. In 2006 we saw Centre for Excellence in McCalman was also part of a Aboriginal health research the successful completion of Indigenous Tobacco Control large team awarded a major and ethics; Aboriginal twelve of our PhD students (CEITC) received a further five-year ARC Discovery community development (see table next page). These three years of funding, until Grant: Approved Founders and health; Aboriginal PhD projects were excellent September 2009, from the and survivors: Australian health and professional illustrations of the Centre’s Commonwealth Department lifecourses in historical practice(s); Aboriginal health interdisciplinary focus in of Health and Ageing. The context. needs and services in a combining perspectives from CEITC has continued to social context; evaluation of Learning and the humanities and social develop its Community of Aboriginal health services, sciences to the study of Practice, holds a monthly teaching programs and interventions; medical science, clinical and teleconference and Undergraduate public health practice and and capacity building for has developed network Aboriginal health research – CHS staff members health policy. opportunities for people continued to play a have been further developed engaged in Indigenous The CHS is a joint centre and consolidated. major role in curriculum within the Faculty of tobacco control. The Centre development, subject Medicine, Dentistry and In July 2006, Onemda has recently released a coordination and teaching Health Sciences and signed Memoranda of tobacco control resource (kit in the University of the Faculty of Arts. In Understanding with and CD–ROM) for Aboriginal Melbourne’s undergraduate relation to this, we were the Victorian Aboriginal primary health care services. medical curriculum. The Community Controlled pleased to welcome Hans Medical History Centre contributed to the Baer, a leading medical Organisation (VACCHO) teaching of ethics, Aboriginal anthropologist, who moved and the Koorie Cultural Programs health, sociology of health from the US to take up Heritage Trust. These MOUs The Medical History and illness, the history of a joint appointment with further build on our existing Program, under the medicine and health policy us and the School of strong relationships with umbrella of CHS, includes in the Health Practice Anthropology, Geography two significant Community the Johnstone-Need subject of the undergraduate and Environmental Studies in organisations. Medical History Unit, the medical curriculum. CHS the Faculty of Arts. The Committee of Deans Medical History Museum, staff continued to lead the Australian Medical Schools the Gateways to the development of the national project had a number of History of Medicine, and framework for inclusion significant achievements the Australian Witness to of Indigenous health into during 2006. First Science and Medicine, a medical curricula via the significant steps were series of seminars aimed Committee of Deans of 34 A two-month summer job shaped After holding leadership roles the 40-year career of Professor in alcohol, drug and gambling Robin Room, the inaugural Chair research in the US, Canada, of Alcohol Policy Research at the Sweden and now Australia, School of Population Health. Professor Room is uniquely As a graduate student, qualified to make international Professor Room was employed comparisons. to survey drinking habits in the Australia’s biggest drug problem general population at a time is actually alcohol, he says. It is so when such research had mostly entrenched that we don’t notice focused only on alcoholics. the health, social and economic Alcohol proved to be an ideal problems that it generates. research topic for studying The trend of applying a ‘free change at both societal and market’ approach to regulating individual levels. alcohol is making it difficult for governments to rein “Alcohol is so deeply entrenched in the daily in its availability. life of countries like Australia that it becomes His current research includes a study measuring a very good window for looking at society in all the effects of the density of alcohol outlets on kinds of ways. factors such as crime, and a review charting the “For instance, despite global homogenisation, impact of changes in alcohol policy in Australia. there are still huge differences between Studies quantifying the effects of alcohol on countries in the cultural position of drinking: our other people, akin to ‘passive drinking’, are customs about if and when and how we drink.” planned, he says.

Australian Medical Schools CHS 2006 PhD completions (CDAMS) project, which is examining and further PhD graduate Thesis title developing the inclusion of Aboriginal health in Coles, Jan Breastfeeding and Maternal Touch after Childhood Sexual Assault the medical curricula of Delany, Clare Informed consent: ethical theory, legal obligations, and the Australian medical schools. physiotherapy clinical encounter The CHS also offered a number of units, including Furler, John Chronicity and character: Patient centredness and health Medical Humanities and inequalities in general practice diabetes care Social Health units, as part of the Advanced Fuscaldo, Giuliana What is the role of genes in determining parenthood? Medical Science research year of the undergraduate Hester-Moore, Jennifer Going with the flow: Enacting fluidity in contraceptive and medical course. A number menstrual decision-making of undergraduate medical students worked with CHS Hodgson, Jan Testing times, challenging choices. Women, prenatal testing and supervisors on a variety genetic counselling of research projects, both Johnson, Penny Diasporas of medical beliefs: A multi-ethnic clinic and the in Australia and overseas, experience of tuberculosis in a low incidence country that covered the different disciplinary approaches of MacLean, Sarah Chrome world, chrome magic: inhalant use and public policy in an the Centre. Australian context Postgraduate Mann, Rosemary Look wide – searching for health in the borderlands The CHS offers a comprehensive postgraduate Paradies, Yin Race, Racism, Stress and Indigenous Health coursework program in Social Health that reflects Renkin, Peter From segregated institution to self-managed community the Centre’s unique interdisciplinary environment. Tinney, Jean Still me: Being old and in care Within the Social Health program, students can Education and Research Fellowship and a NHMRC Research highlights undertake a comprehensive Program (PHERP), this short term exchange study In 2006 the CHS continued interdisciplinary program, or curriculum has continued to scheme to strengthen choose streams in Ethics, to be highly research be further developed. These teaching and learning skills. Medical Anthropology, productive, both in terms of innovations aim to fill gaps in Shaun’s focus was on on- Aboriginal Health, or Health attracting research income the existing Master of Public line subject development Care History. In 2006 a new and producing research stream in Health Policy was Health curricula and draws and delivery, and to work outcomes. The CHS 2006 offered, including a number broadly on social sciences/ collaboratively with U21 research income (not of new subjects, such as humanities theory and partners (University of British including consultancies) Australian Health Systems. method to address issues in Columbia, University of was over $2.44 million. Following the piloting of new Aboriginal health. Auckland) to develop an Research outcomes curricula in Aboriginal health Shaun Ewen was awarded on-line subject. generated included through the Public Health a prestigious Universitas 21 academic publications and 35 presentations, community Manager at Onemda (0.5) the range of health care graduate students published reports, discussion and appointed Publications disciplines. It focuses not 97 academic publications, papers, as well as refereed Manager (0.5) for the only on ethical analysis and including the following: conference proceedings. Cooperative Research decision-making, but also on • 45 Refereed journal In addition, our 2006 Centre for Aboriginal Health the more subtle, and often articles (C1) (CRCAH). more important art of ‘ethical research achievements • 7 Research book mindfulness’. included: Other achievements chapters (B1) The book presents five very • Karen Adams being • 2 Authored research Rony Duncan, CHS PhD personal stories of health awarded an ARC alumnus, was awarded books (A1) Discovery Indigenous care practice, and engages a Tall Poppy Award for in depth with each of them. • 2 Edited books (A2) Researchers her work on the ethical Through these stories, These publications included Development Grant implications of science, readers are introduced to a key refereed articles in (with Ian Anderson especially in adolescent narrative approach to health leading journals such as The and Kevin Rowley): health. Rony had a research ethics that first acknowledges Lancet, Social Science and Approved preventative position at Imperial College everyday ethics in health care Medicine, and the Australian health interventions for London before returning as significant. The approach and New Zealand Journal Indigenous children less to Melbourne to continue combines conventional of Public Health. In addition than six years of age. her work at the Murdoch bioethics principles, to these refereed journals, • Hans Baer being Childrens Research Institute. sociology, and narrative were a number of significant awarded a University of Rony has a passion for analysis to understand what reports that directed key Melbourne Early Career public engagement in is ethically at stake in these research findings to relevant Research Grant. science including public stories, and provide a way stakeholder audiences. speaking, opinion pieces in • John Fitzgerald being of engaging with the stories. These included the important the media and a regular slot awarded a University The aim is to promote ethical and much-publicised on 3RR’s medical chat show of Melbourne Research mindfulness and enhance Workplace stress in Victoria: Radiotherapy. Grant for “Fits and Fixes: ethical practice in health care, Developing a systems Innovation, organisation Publication in ways that are informed approach report by Tony and knowledge transfer highlights not just by abstract ethical LaMontagne and team, and in Australia’s drug and principles but by real life published by VicHealth. alcohol sector”. For a full list of publications, events. • Deb Warr being awarded see the 2006 Publications Staff Congratulations to Martha a five-year VicHealth Report, page 89. Professor and Director Macintyre and Kuntala Fellowship. Ian Anderson, MB BS Melb. The following 2006 Lhiti-Dutt on the successful PhD LaTrobe Key Achievements publications were illustrations production and launch of the research-teaching Professor Staff of their book: Lahiri-Dutt, nexus that characterises K. & Macintyre, M. 2006, Janet McCalman, BA PhD Shaun Ewen was promoted much of the Centre’s work. Women Miners in Developing ANU FAHA to Lecturer Level C. Guillemin, M. & Gillam, Countries: Pit Women and Associate Professor and Marilys Guillemin and Lynn L. 2006, Telling Moments: Others, Ashgate, Aldershot, Deputy Director Gillam were nominated for Everyday Ethics in Health UK. Marilys Guillemin, BAppSc the 2006 Carrick Australian Care, IP Communications, 2006 has been a rich RMIT MEd Murd. DipEd PhD Awards for University Teaching. Hawthorn East. and productive year for Melb. Jane Yule was promoted Telling Moments explores publications at the CHS. Senior Lecturers to Senior Communications ethical practice across In summary, CHS staff and Shaun Ewen, BAppSc S.Aust. 36 Publication highlight in addition to providing grassroots health care. Genat, W. 2006, Aboriginal He also describes how AHWs Healthworkers: Primary Health encounter barriers from both Care at the Margins, University of clients and medical colleagues. Western Australia Press, Perth. Despite being Aboriginal, AHWs Dr Bill Genat’s book offers a rare sometimes have to overcome an insight into the working lives of endemic mistrust of officialdom Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) among clients before they can and the highly complex issues deliver health care services. they deal with on a daily basis. Among their medical colleagues, His research involved 18 AHWs may be highly valued for months spent at an Aboriginal their deep local knowledge but Health Service in Perth where still not be included in planning he worked as a volunteer while and policy making. collaborating with a group of AHWs who The book describes the unique, indigenous wanted to record their practice. healing practice of AHWs and their holistic Highly committed and passionate about approach that encompasses the social, their work within the healthcare system, emotional, spiritual and physical health of AHWs are not afforded a status in keeping their clients. with their diverse skills and experience, According to Dr Genat, AHWs face the Dr Genat found. consequences of history – the exclusion, He takes readers with AHWs as they go cultural oppression and racism that still on home visits to clients, where AHWs resonate and undermine the health of find themselves acting as social workers, Aboriginal people. mediators, counsellors and legal advocates, For more publication highlights, see page 36.

Lynn Gillam, BA Melb. MA R. Douglas Wright Research Elizabeth Hoban, BA Edith Senior Lecturer Oxf. PhD Monash Fellow Cowan MTropHlth Qld PhD Tim Marjoribanks, PhD Harv. Martha MacIntyre, BA PhD Deborah Warr, BA Deakin MA Melb. Rosemary Robins, BA PhD ANU CertSocAnth Camb. Monash PhD Monash Cecily Hunter, BA Monash NSW Lecturers Honorary Appointments MSc Melb. PhD Melb. Professional Staff Harald Klein, BA Qld. PhD Viki Briggs, BA S.Aust. Professorial Fellows Manager Alison Brookes, BA Deakin Monash Warwick Anderson, MB BS Tania Lewis, BM BS Doug Scobie, BA Deakin PhD Deakin BMedSc MA MD Melb. PhD Angela Clarke, BA Victoria UT Otago BA Canterbury MA CEITC Project Officer Penn. Canterbury PhD Melb. Helen Smallwood, BA MPublHlth Deakin Ross Bailie, BM BS Cape Bill Genat, BSc W.Aust. PhD Brian McCoy, BA Melb. LaTrobe, Grad Dip Social Res Town MPhil Cape Town DipCrim Melb BTheol Melb W.Aust. Methods, Melb, MSc, RMIT, DMed Cape Town GradCert Comm Mental Hlth John Waller, BA Oxf. MSc CEITC Administration Rob Moodie, MB BS MPH Flinders PhD Melb. Oxf. PhD Lond. Harv. RACOG RACGP Officer Tamara Mackean, BM BS Nicole McMillan Senior Tutors RACFPH (hons) UNSW BM BS UWA Ann Brothers, BA Melb. Robert Power, BSc London MPH Adel. Community Development Principal Research Fellows PhD London PGCE London Aleck Ostrey, BSc UBC MSc and Communications Officer John Fitzgerald, PhD Monash Robin Room, BA Princeton UBC MA Simon Fraser PhD Nicole Waddell PhD Melb. MA(English) MA(Sociology) UBC Executive Assistant to Anthony LaMontagne, MSc PhD Berkeley (Chair of Social Mary Rillstone, BA Otago Professor Ian Anderson Harv. MEd Mass. PhD Harv. Research in Alcohol) MHS Otago DipTheoSt Otago Judy Pryor Senior Research Fellows Principal Fellows with the Richard Sloman, MB BS Indigenous Health Project Priscilla Pyett, BA Monash title Associate Professor Monash GDipEpid Officer PhD Deakin Joan Cunningham, BA Harv. Diane Tibbits, BSc PhD Davina Woods, B Ed QUT, Kevin Rowley, B Appl Sci MLibArts Harv. PhD Harv. Monash GDip LaTrobe Grad Cert S Aust, MA RMIT PhD Melb. Grad Dip William Hart, MB BS Monash Ann Westmore, BSc MSc Monash Epidemiology Melb MBScPrelim GDipCH LaTrobe PhD Melb. LIME Network Project Research Fellows Fellows with the title Senior Adjunct Staff Officer Kyllie Cripps, BA S.Aust PhD Lecturer Professors Alexis Wright, BA RMIT, MA Monash John Condon, MBBS Monash Sidney Bloch, MB ChB RMIT Johanna Monk, BA Melb. MA MPH Harvard CertHlthEcon Capetown PhD ECFMG Senior Communications Monash Monash PhD Charles Darwin DipPsyMed Manager Gregory Phillips, BA Qld James Humphery, BA MA Sioban Nelson, BA LaTrobe Jane Yule, BA Monash MA MMed Sc Qld. MPhil Camb. PhD PhD Griff. Monash GDipRec PhillipIT Therese Riley, B Soc Sci Duncan MacGregor, MB BS Loane Skene, LLM Monash RMIT MA RMIT PhD RMIT BMedSc PhD Melb. LLB Barrister & Solicitor Indigenous Trainee in IT Paul Stewart, GDipIndigSt Fellows with the title Victoria (Website Administration) Syd MPublHlth Deakin Lecturer Senior Research Fellow Adam Moffatt David Thomas, BM BS Susan Foxman-Feldman, BA Jenny Lewis, BSc MEnvS Indigenous Trainee in Sydney M Med Sci Newcastle LaTrobe MA PhD GDipRecPlng Canberra Business Administration PhD NTU Jane Freemantle, PhD UWA GDipPubPol Dennellie Ricardo-Fraser 37

KCWHS Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Women’s Health School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society, since its foundation in 1988, has been at the forefront of thinking, researching, teaching and disseminating information about women’s health. The vision for the Key Centre is that it will be the leading centre for research, education and advocacy in women’s health, gender and society in Australia and the Asia-Pacific region. Director of The Key Centre’s work recognises that women’s Key Centre for Women’s Health in health and wellbeing is integral to the health and Society: Professor wellbeing of their families and the whole community. Doreen Rosenthal. “We focus on ensuring that the outcomes of our research provide an evidence base for changing policy and practice.”

Overview and key Awards significant contributions that the development of new achievements Staff at the Centre have been women have made to their technologies, increased recognised with the following communities and to the lives requirements for an evidence The Key Centre for awards: of other women. base for policy and practice Women’s Health in Society The Victorian Lifestyle and demographic changes has continued to actively Dr Jane Fisher has been and Neighbourhood to the population in terms review, explore and deepen promoted to Associate Study (VicLANES), led by of aging and fertility. All of its academic program Professor. She is also Associate Professor Anne these have distinct effects on in line with meeting the President-elect of the Kavanagh, has won the 2006 women. requirements of the new Australasian Marce Society Victorian Public Health Award The new subjects will Melbourne Model. The and will become President for research innovation. commence in 2007 and achievements of the Key in June 2007 for a two-year The research category are designed to promote Centre in 2006 can be term. for innovation recognises in students an ability to summarised under the three Associate Professor original new research that utilise new knowledge and key headings that guide the Anne Kavanagh has been has the potential to make technologies, to develop University’s direction: appointed to the NHMRC a substantial contribution lifelong skills of critical • Teaching and learning: Health Services Research to public health practice enquiry and a sustained The Key Centre Working Group and has or policy. Announcing the capacity to integrate research conducted a review of its also been appointed as a award, Health Minister evidence from both the social postgraduate teaching member of the University’s Bronwyn Pike said VicLANES and biomedical sciences. and subject offerings Postgraduate Scholarships was inspired by the growing The Centre’s Postgraduate for 2007. Committee. awareness of researchers Diploma in Women’s Health All applications for higher Dr Lisa Amir has been that obesity was more than and the Master of Women’s degree enrolment were awarded a three-year just bad food and lifestyle, Health are highly regarded carefully assessed to NHMRC Health Professional but the environment was also nationally and internationally ensure they met Centre Fellowship and will be taking a key component. for being dedicated to research priorities and extended leave from the Key Key Centre research women’s health in its social, supervisor research Centre to undertake research projects have won two economic, cultural and interests. on breastfeeding at La Trobe Department of Human political contexts. • Research: The Key University. Services Public Health Centre continued to Our status as one of only Research Awards in three be highly successful Caroline Nickson, PhD two WHO Collaborating years, with Project i, the in gaining competitive candidate and KCWHS Centres in Women’s Health longitudinal study of youth funding, as well as research fellow, has received in the world has ensured homelessness, also winning contract funding for the Richard Lovell Traveling that we have strong interest the innovation category in specific work in its Scholarship in Cancer from international students, 2004. research fields. Epidemiology to travel to the currently drawn from more • Knowledge transfer: Netherlands and UK. Teaching and than 25 countries. The Key Centre has Professor Doreen learning Changes to the Post remained a leader Rosenthal, Centre Director, Graduate Diploma in within the University in was inducted into the Course changes Women’s Health will allow developing its community Victorian Honour Roll of The Key Centre reviewed students who have met the liaison and ensuring Women for advancing its postgraduate learning requirements to transfer to the dissemination of understanding of sexual and opportunities this year to the Master’s course work outcomes of its academic reproductive health. The reflect the changing health program without completing program. Honour Roll recognises the environment, including the Diploma. 40 Publication highlight revised and updated second edition covers topical issues ranging from Moore, S.M., Rosenthal, D.A., 2006. the role of the internet in adolescent Sexuality in Adolescence: Current romance to the pros and cons Trends. 2nd ed. London Taylor and of abstinence education versus Francis harm minimization. Issues, such Co-authored by Professor Doreen as whether there are male-female Rosenthal, Director of the Key Centre differences in desire are examined, for Women’s Health in Society, this along with the question of whether book considers the latest theory and a sexual double standard still exists. research on adolescent development. Maladaptive aspects of sexual It focuses on sexuality as a vital development, including sexual aspect of normal, healthy maturation coercion, are also covered. and discusses biological changes This book aims to promote sexual within a social context. In presenting well-being, and argues for the the latest research on key issues of importance of the adolescent period as a time our time, it includes changes in teenage sexual for engendering healthy sexual attitudes and behaviours and beliefs, sexual risk-taking, body practices. It will be valuable reading for students dissatisfaction, sex education, teen pregnancy in the social and behavioural sciences interested and abortion. in adolescent development and the topic of The authors explore the roles of parents, peers, sexuality and for professionals working with the media, social institutions and youth culture young people. in adolescent sexual adjustment. This fully For more publication highlights, see page 47.

AMS Achievements • Shaping pregnancy: program – jointly run by Students enrolled in Fourteen Advanced Medical representations of the University’s School of KCWHS Courses Science (AMS) students pregnant women in Enterprise and KCWHS – is Postgraduate Australian women’s innovative because it is completed projects with the Doctor of Philosophy, 33 Key Centre in 2006. Eight magazines; allows Japanese-speaking Doctor of Public Health, 1 of the Key Centre students • Prevalence and risk students to be taught by Master of Medicine were enrolled through the factors for suicide among English-speaking lecturers, (Research), 1 University of Melbourne and homeless young people; via an interpreter, using teaching materials that Master of Public Health six through the program with • Does “stress” increase have been translated into (Research), 1 the University of Indonesia. the risk of breast Japanese. The following projects were cancer?; Master of Women’s Health completed in 2006: Short Courses (Research), 4 • The role of female sex Master of Medicine • A survey of patient workers regarding Following on from the (Coursework), 1 satisfaction with the HIV transmission in successful short courses breastfeeding education the southeast Asia: held in 2005, two related Master of Public Health and support services knowledge of condom courses were run in June (Coursework/Research of the Royal Women’s use and barriers to safe 2006: Report), 3 Hospital; sex; • The Social Determinants Master of Women’s Health (Coursework/Research • The social and cultural • The relationship between of Health –19 to 21 June Report), 1 determinants of obesity mammographic density 2006, and in African women; and ethnicity; • Introduction to Multilevel Master of Women’s Health (Coursework only), 10 • Disciplinary discourses: • The psychological, Modelling – 22 to 23 June Postgraduate Diploma of rate of caesarean section educational, economic 2006. Women’s Health, 3 explained by medicine, and physical outcomes Community health managers, midwifery and feminism; of teenage pregnancy for policy makers and Undergraduate • Detection of postpartum young women; researchers were among the (12 month enrolment spanning two calendar mental disorders in • Endometriosis: women’s 31 registered to attend. The years) women admitted to perspective. SDH course was facilitated residential early parenting by internationally renowned Advanced Medical Science Japanese Master of centres; academics Professor Ichiro – University of Melbourne Women’s Health (new), 5 • Barriers towards cervical Kawachi and Assistant cancer screening in The Key Centre welcomed Professor S V Subramanian Advanced Medical Science 10 Japanese students to Malaysia: a health from the Harvard School of – University of Melbourne Melbourne in August. Two provider’s perspective; Public Health. Participants (completing), 8 subjects were taught: ‘The were able to glean a deeper Advanced Medical Science • Intimate partner health effects of violence’, understanding of the social – University of Indonesia relationships: what are co-ordinated by Deb Keys and economic circumstances (completing), 6 the links with postnatal and ‘Women and ageing’, co- influencing health and to take Student completions mood?; ordinated by Susan Feldman. part in hands-on workshops • Sexual well-being and Associate Professor exploring multilevel and Doctor of Philosophy intellectual disability: a Jane Fisher also taught qualitative research methods. Karin Hammarberg The look at social barriers Psychological Practice in Assistant Professor S V experience of birth and early from a developmental Women’s Health in Japan in Subramanian also facilitated mothering after assisted perspective; May. The Japanese language the IML course. conception. 41 Sokrin Khun Community Master of Public Health Lara Marie Williamson • Social and economic participation in the – Research Project in Perceptions of primary health inequalities in health. prevention and control of Women’s Health care in mothers attending an Research highlights included: dengue fever in Cambodia. early parenting centre. Chandana Gurung Attitudes Wellbeing scores high for Johanna Rosalina of young people towards non Post Graduate Diploma international students Kristyanti Understanding consensual sex and barriers In Women’s Health According to a report co- the dynamics of violence to resistance. Barbara Bissachi authored by Key Centre & exploring the potential Zhaohui Liufu One-child director, Professor Doreen application of logotherapy for Srabani Majumder policy, contraception and Rosenthal, the university’s women survivors of domestic unintended pregnancy in Student Scholarships international student violence in Indonesia. China – a systematic review. (external) & Awards population is adapting well to Josephine Mmanchibidu Susan Margaret Johnson Tania King Relationship life away from home, and only Nkosana Intergenerational Peer Group Support between the built a small number are engaging sexual relationships in urban for Women Survivors of environment, socioeconomic in risky behaviour that could Botswana. Childhood Sexual Abuse: status, physical activity and damage their health. The work Anonh Xeuatvongsa Public Towards a Model with Health obesity. VicHealth 2006- was carried out by Professor Ignorance, Silent Killer: Promotion Potential. 2009. Rosenthal, Dr Jean Russell An Ethnographic Study of and Mr Garry Thomson. The Mimmie Claudine Ngum Raelene West Rights, Tuberculosis Control in the Lao report, A Growing Experience: Chi Towards development at Compensation and Disability People’s Democratic Republic. the health and wellbeing of the Royal Women’s Hospital, Service Delivery in Victoria. Master of Women’s Department of Human international students at the Melbourne, of an evaluation University of Melbourne, was Health by Research for women affected by Services Disability Plan Scholarship 2006-2009. launched by Professor Glyn Kuniko Ishihara Older Female Genital Mutilation. Davis, Vice-Chancellor, in May. Japanese war brides in Mariana Panjaitan Research Decisions behind abortions Australia. Polymerase Chain Reaction The vision for the Key This new project, funded Nasir Sudirman Stories from (PCR) in detection of candida Centre is that it will be the by the Australian Research the Lorong: Drug subculture albicans for confirmation of leading centre for research, Council and VicHealth is and the social context of clinical diagnosis of nipple education, knowledge Victoria’s first large-scale HIV-risk behaviours among thrush. transfer and advocacy in study to examine unplanned intravenous drug users in Susan Peterson What women’s health, gender pregnancy and abortion. Makassar, Indonesia. Does Yours Look Like? and society in Australia and It will be managed by Master of Women’s Problematising Responses to the Asia-Pacific region. In the Key Centre with the Health (course work/ Intersex Infants as a Public working to this vision the Royal Women’s Hospital. research project) Health Exercise. Key Centre, through regular The study will look at the planning and review, has Julie McCormack Choosing Nicola Julia Reid Improving demographic, social, health focused its attention to the a caesarean birth. Young Women’s Knowledge and economic reasons following priority areas. behind the termination of Master of Women’s of the Menstrual Cycle: A Proposed Health Promotion • Health services and pregnancies. Health (course work) Program. technology, Male infertility project Alison Jill Bean-Hodges Benson Ochieng Singa • Mental health and The long-term psychological Caterina Bortolot First time fathers in the early wellbeing, and social consequences Samira Jameel postpartum: A descriptive • Reproductive and sexual of male infertility are the Rasha Lubani psychological study. health, and focus of a study that has 42 ARC linkage grant recipients/ UPAP team for ‘Understanding women’s experiences of unplanned pregnancy and abortion’: Dr Heather Rowe, Ms Annarella Hardiman, PAS Manager, RWH, Prof Doreen Rosenthal, Dr Maggie Kirkman and Dr Shelley Mallett.

started at the Key Centre. Dr Kirkman M, Prof consequences for men and unemployment: impacts on Four hundred men who were Rosenthal DA, with their relationships. $31,923 – physical and mental health treated at the Royal Women’s Louise Johnson (Infertility Andrology Australia. and the mediating role of Hospital in 2001 and 2002 Treatment Authority). A/Prof Fisher JRW, Ms social capital. $1,060,623 – will be asked to participate in Supporting parents in telling Hammarberg K. Adolescent NHMRC Strategic Award, the confidential survey. their adolescent children Health & Development after 2007-2011. Update on the PEPP trial – about their donor-assisted IVF. $15,682 – Melbourne IVF Prof Rosenthal DA, Dr Living well with a first baby conception: Research, 2006-2007. Kirkman M, A/Prof Fisher resource development, and Participants recruited A/Prof Fisher JRW, Dr JR, Sullivan E. Investigation public information. $100,000 of the reproductive lives in 2006 completed only – Department of Human Rowe HJ, Prof Rosenthal the telephone interviews. DA, Prof Quinlivan J, Dr of young adults who live Services public health in the technological age: The recruitment rate was research project grant. Gurrin L. Feasibility of excellent, with 77% of all the methods of an early feasibility of method. $23,402 – University of Melbourne eligible families invited to Dr Shelley J (Deakin parenting intervention University), Dr Chris Bayly Research Grant. the trial ultimately deciding RCT. $30,000 – Melbourne (Royal Women’s Hospital), to participate. In 2007 Research Grant Scheme. Prof Rosenthal DA, Dr Dr Graham M (Deakin), A/ Mallett S, Williams H, Dr the project will move to A/Prof Fisher JRW, Dr Prof Fisher JRW, Dr Rowe Keys D, Jordan L. Making a controlled trial to assist Rowe HJ, Prof Rosenthal HJ. Associate Investigators: it Real: relevant sexual them with negotiating DA, Prof Quinlivan J, Dr Ms Hardiman A, Dr Palmer health communication for their changing roles and Gurrin L. Randomised trial of D (RWH). Modelling a young people. $98,536 relationships. The trial will early parenting interventions pregnancy advisory service - Department of Human test an intervention. (REPIT). $376,375 – National for Victoria. $77,000 – Services, Victoria. The PEPP trial is Department of Human Health and Medical Prof Rosenthal DA. Website funded by a grant from Services, public health Research Council. Partner on reproductive and sexual the Commonwealth research grants 2005-2006. organisation: Tweddle Child Government’s Department and Family Services. health education for mid Dr Venn A (Menzies School of Family and Community to late adolescents (16- of Health Research, McMahon C, Gibson Services and Indigenous 24 years). $218,400 est. Univeristy of Tasmania), A/ FL, A/Prof Fisher JRW, Affairs to assess the (CHF210,000) – Bertarelli Prof Kavanagh A, A/Prof Boivin J, Saunders DM. seminar’s efficacy in Foundation Switzerland Gertig D, (University of Age at first birth, mode of improving new parents’ 2006-2007. Melbourne), Ms Jordan H, conception and adjustment mental health. (Menzies School of Health to parenthood. $255,000 – Current Grants – New grants Research, University of Australian Research Council, Extended Prof Rosenthal DA, Dr Tasmania). Exposure to 2007-2009, Macquarie Prof Rosenthal DA. Rowe HJ, Dr Mallett S, Dr high dose estrogens in University. University Dissemination Strategy. Kirkman M, Hardiman, A, adolescence: long term of Melbourne. Partner Additional $35,000 – (Royal Women’s Hospital). effects on mammographic organisations: IVF Australia, VicHealth 2006-2007. Research Partners: RWH and breast density. $89,050 – Melbourne IVF. A/Prof Fisher JRW, Prof Victorian Health Promotion National Health and Medical Richardson S, Baum F, Rosenthal DA. Improving Foundation. Understanding Research Council project A/Prof Kavanagh A, maternal mental health in of women’s experiences of grant 2006-2007. LaMontagne A, Ziersch Vietnam. Additional $30,000 unplanned pregnancy and A/Prof Fisher JRW. Male A, Lowry D, Lester L, – The Myer Foundation abortion. $236,000 – ARC infertility: the long term Ms Bentley R. Changing Beyond Australia Scheme, linkage grant 2006-2008. psychological and social patterns of employment and 2006-2007. 43 At the Richard Lovell Inaugural Travelling Scholarship in Cancer Epidemiology award presentation are: Prof James Angus, Dean, MDHS, Caroline Nickson, KCHWS PhD student and Prof David Hill, Director, Cancer Council Victoria.

Knowledge Transfer online. They spoke about website on reproductive They explored a range of sex and young people, the and sexual health education issues affecting health, Community and National ethics of surrogacy, teenage for mid to late adolescents including work and health, Activities motherhood, the effect of (16-24 years). Funded by housing and neighbourhood The Key Centre has been at infertility on motherhood, the Bertarelli Foundation, inequality. Associate the forefront of knowledge family planning and the Switzerland, it will aim Professor Anne Kavanagh transfer activities within optimal age for childbearing. to be a leading resource leads the AHIP team with the University since The Key Centre in 2006 was for educators not only in Professor Fran Baum from Professor Doreen Rosenthal a signatory to the Women’s Australia but also worldwide Flinders University, South successfully gained, in Health Victoria led 10 Point and will be translated into Australia. 2004, a two-year grant from Plan for Victorian Women’s both French and Spanish. International Activities VicHealth to devise and Health 2006-2010. It was The site is to be completed WHO Collaborating Centre implement a dissemination represented at the statewide in 2007. status strategy. Summit on Women’s Health Dr Elizabeth Bennett The Community Liaison/ in July 2006 to help refocus presented the Key Centre The Key Centre for Women’s Research Translation Officer, efforts, debate future submission to the Federal Health in Society has been Ms Amanda Tattam, has challenges and to celebrate Parliamentary Group on a designated World Health been responsible for raising 21 years of women’s health Population and Development Organisation Collaborating the Centre’s public profile in Victoria. (PGDG) which, following Centre on Women’s Health and promoting research Another example of the Government White (Asia and Pacific) since 1993. translation and knowledge community activity is that Paper, is looking at the In March 2006, Professor exchange with policy makers over 2000 copies of a health future direction of Australia’s Doreen Rosenthal and Dr and health practitioners. guide for young homeless overseas aid program. Elizabeth Bennett travelled She has also been assisting people have now been Dr Bennett was invited to to Manila to meet with Dr Associate Professor Anne distributed across Melbourne present key arguments Shigeru Omi, WHO Regional Kavanagh on VicLANES, a and beyond. ‘674 – A pocket from the submission at Director for the Western local government research guide to keeping well on meetings of the Group in Pacific, to successfully translation project. The the street’ gives tips on August and September. renegotiate the renewal of success of her work up to the safe use of injecting The submission argued that this status with WHO for 2006 was recognised by an drugs, Hepatitis C, mental Australia’s commitment to another four years. extension of the VicHealth health, sexually transmitted the implementation of the Over the past 13 years, grant for another year into infections, contraception Millennium Development the Centre has increased 2007. and pregnancy, and includes Goals and its obligations substantially its international Key Centre staff were a list of places where under international human training and research regularly in the news, offering young people can get help. rights law oblige a long-term program and expanded its comment about topical Designed for use by services engagement with sexual and expertise in women’s health issues or talking about their who come into contact with reproductive rights. in the region. It has also own research. During 2006, homeless young people, State Government policy provided advice to WHO Professor Doreen Rosenthal, the booklet is based on makers and academics had programs in the Asia Pacific Associate Professor the findings from Project a rare opportunity to debate area and with a number of Jane Fisher, Dr Karin i, the longitudinal study of the research and policy programs of WHO Geneva, Hammarberg, Dr Deb Keys, homeless young people in interface at the second and with other multilateral Dr Maggie Kirkman and Dr Melbourne and Los Angeles. Australian Health Inequities agencies whose mandate is Louise Keogh appeared The Key Centre is also Program (AHIP) retreat in women’s health. The Centre in print, on radio, TV and developing a multi-lingual Geelong in October 2006. has also undertaken several 44 The First National Conference of Gender and Health Inequalities speakers pictured from left: A/Prof Dorothy Broom, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health at ANU; Prof Ruth Fincher, Dean of Architecture, Building and Planning, University of Melbourne; Prof Sue Richardson, Director of the National Institute of Labour Studies; Prof Doreen Rosenthal, Director, KCWHS, Prof Gary Dowsett, Deputy Director at the Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society at LaTrobe University; Dr Shelley Mallett, VicHealth Public Health Research Fellow, KCWHS; Prof Janet McCalman, Centre for Health and Society, School of Population Health, and Head of the History and Philosophy of Science Department, Faculty of Arts; A/Prof Anne Kavanagh, KCWHS, A/Prof Jane Fisher, KCWHS.

collaborations with WHO in Dr Lorraine Greaves, speaker at the 1st National practitioners seeking a the past and in late 2006 was Executive Director of Conference on Gender greater understanding of in negotiations on two further BCCEWH, visited the Key and Health Inequalities. the relationship between projects in 2007. Centre in late 2006 to Other visitors who also gender and the social A/Prof Jane Fisher and discuss areas of common participated in the Key Centre’s determinants of health, were Professor Doreen Rosenthal focus, including improving Seminar Program were: inspired and challenged at the health of women and girls the Key Centre’s 1st National visited WHO Geneva during • Prof Julie Cwikel, Director who are marginalised due Conference on this subject. 2006, with trips in September Center for Women’s and October respectively. to socio-economic status, Convened by Associate Health Studies and While in Switzerland, race, culture, age, sexual Professor Anne Kavanagh, Promotion, Ben-Gurion Professor Rosenthal orientation, geography, there were expert local University of the Negev, also visited the Bertarelli disability and addiction. One and international speakers Israel, presented in July Foundation. major area of work of the who came together to on Women’s ways of BC Centre is substance use, present ideas and research In addition, travel was coping under conditions addiction and mental health. findings on issues of work, undertaken by the following of chronic stress. staff: Overseas Visitors globalisation and poverty, • Prof Karin Schenck- health service use, historical • Dr Elizabeth Bennett International visitors and Gustafsson, Professor of perspectives and place made two visits to China collaborators came from Cardiology, Karolinska and social policy as they regarding research and countries as diverse as University Hospital, relate to gender and health education issues. Canada, Israel, Japan, Sweden, presented in inequalities. • A/Prof Jane Fisher Pakistan and the United December on the Centre Conference visited Japan as part of States. They included: of Gender Medicine presentations the Japanese Master • Dr Donya Aziz, at Karolinska Institute, of Women’s Health Parliamentary Secretary Stockholm, Sweden and International Program. for Population Welfare, activity in Europe. Kavanagh AM, Thornton • A/Prof Jane Fisher Ministry of Population • Prof Gayle Letherby L, Thomas L. Fast food and Professor Doreen Welfare, Pakistan, School of Sociology, intake and the density of Rosenthal visited Hanoi, visited the Centre in May Politics & Law, Plymouth fast food stores: A multilevel Vietnam, working on the 2006, meeting with A/ University, United study in Melbourne, Victoria. Maternal Health Project. Prof Jane Fisher and Dr Kingdom, presented in International Society for Memo of Understanding Elizabeth Bennett about December on Hierarchies Behavioural Nutrition and education and training Physical Activity; 2006 Jul; Canadian and Australian and Continuums of Non/ opportunities. Boston. researchers in women’s Motherhood: research health are driven by many • Prof Ichiro Kawachi, (and praxis) reflections. Thomas L. Socio-economic of the same interests and Professor of Social Prof Letherby also and environmental challenges. Following the Epidemiology, and Asst remained at the Centre determinants of food signing of a Memorandum Prof S V Subramanian, for two weeks for purchasing behaviour in of Understanding between Department of Society, collaborative discussions. Melbourne, Australia. GIS the Key Centre and the Human Development and Conferences and Population Science British Columbia Centre of Health, Harvard University, Conference on Spatial Excellence for Women’s USA, visited in June 2006 1st National Conference Demography, University of Health (BCCEWH), one of to facilitate the short on Gender and Health California, Santa Barbara, Canada’s leading women’s courses. Prof Kawachi Inequalities – 22 June 2006 USA, 2006 Jul 21. Invited health research centres, was also a keynote Over 130 researchers and Australian seminars. 45 At the VicLanes award presentation for VicLanes are: Lukar Thornton KCWHS; A/Prof Anne Kavanagh KCWHS; A/Prof Damian Jolley, School of Health Sciences Deakin University; the Honourable Bronwyn Pike MP; Lyndal Thomas KCWHS; Amanda Tattam, KCWHS.

Rowe HJ, Fisher JRW, Behavioural Development, Kavanagh AM, Bentley Development; 2006 Jul; Quinlivan J. Informed 19th Biennial Meeting, 2006; R. Local environments and Melbourne. decisions in prenatal genetic Melbourne. health: A gender relationship. Rosenthal D, Mallett S. screening are associated Kavanagh AM. Place and The First National The consequences of HIV/ with delayed maternal-fetal health in Australia: Future Conference on Gender and AIDS for young people. emotional attachment. Marcé possibilities. Australasian Health Inequalities; 2006 The 19th Biennial Meeting, Society Biennial Conference; Epidemiological Association. Jun; Melbourne. International Society for 2006 Sep 13; Keele. Plenary session speaker. Mallett S. Gender, health the Study of Behavioural Rowe HJ, Fisher JRW. Mallett S. Homelessness and homelessness: A view Development; 2006 Jul; Detection of postpartum research: where to from from the margins. The First Melbourne. anxiety disorders with the here? The Australian National Conference on Rowe HJ, Loh WM, Fisher EPDS and need for tailored Federation of Homelessness Gender & Health Inequalities; JRW. Detecting postpartum treatment interventions. Organisation (AFHO) National 2006 Jun; Melbourne. mental disorders in women Marcé Society Biennial Homelessness Conference; Fisher JRW, Hammarberg admitted to residential early Conference; 2006 Sep 14; 2006 Mar 1-3; Sydney. K, Baker G. Older maternal parenting centres. Program Keele. and abstract booklet of Mallett S. Interdependence: age, assisted conception, the Australian Society of Fisher JRW, Ngoc NtN, A new vision of multiple gestation and Psychosocial Obstetrics and Morrow M, Anh LtH. homelessness policy and operative birth increase Gynaecology Conference, Traditional postpartum care practice for homeless risk of early parenting Sydney, 2006 Aug 22. and mothers’ preferences young people Paper difficulties requiring and emotional wellbeing presented at Australian hospital treatment. Fisher JRW, Ong DM, Rowe in Vietnam. Marcé Society Federation Of Homelessness Symposium OS – 087 on HJ, Williamson L. Intimate Biennial Conference; 2006 Organisation (AFHO) National Delayed Childbearing: partner relationship and Sep 14; Keele. Homelessness Conference; Reasons, Risks and maternal mood. Australian Fisher JRW. Suc khoe 2006 Mar 1-3; Sydney. Protective Factors Society of Psychosocial tam than ba me-tre em Keys D, Mallett S, International Society for Obstetrics and Gynaecology vas u phat trine. (Maternal Rosenthal D. Moving the Study of Behaviour and Conference; 2006 Aug 4; mental health and infant Out, Moving On: Young Development; 2006 Jul 6; Sydney. health and development) people’s pathways out of Melbourne. Hammarberg K, Fisher Invited keynote presentation homelessness, (With Keys Mallett S, Rosenthal D. JRW, Rowe HJ. The Burden Vietnam National Paediatrics D, Rosenthal D.) Paper Disrupting stereotypes: of Infertility and Treatment Association Conference presented at Australian Homelessness and drug use. Scale: A useful measure Mental Disorders in Children: Federation of Homelessness The 19th Biennial Meeting, of degree of difficulty Identification and Treatment; Organisation (AFHO) National International Society for to conceive. Australian 2006 Oct 5; Hanoi School of Homelessness Conference; the Study of Behavioural Society of Psychosocial Medicine, Hanoi. 2006 Mar 1-3; Sydney. Development; 2006 Jul; Obstetrics and Gynaecology National Thomas L. Environmental Melbourne. Conference; 2006 Aug 4; Hammarberg K, Clarke determinants of walking: Mallett S, Rosenthal D. Sydney. V. Reasons for delaying a multi-level study in Translating research into Lee ASM, Kirkman M. childbearing: A survey of Melbourne, Australia. Kinect policy and practice: An Disciplinary Discourses: women aged over 35 seeking Australia forum: Creating Australian case study. The Rates of caesarean section assisted reproductive Community Friendly 19th Biennial Meeting, explained by medicine, technology, International Environments for Physical International Society for midwifery, and feminism. Society for the Study of Activity; 2006 Apr 6; Geelong. the Study of Behavioural Annual scientific meeting of 46 Japanese language postgraduate Women’s Health students: Reiko Imaizumi, Sakumi Kazama, Michiko Nohara, Yumi Ohkura, Mari Takahashi, Atsuko Yumoto, Yumiko Tateoka, Nao Araki, Yuka Tamaki, Tomoko Grainger and Tomoko Maruyama with Dr Deb Keys, KCWHS, and Brad Atkins from the School of Enterprise.

the Australian Society for Kavanagh AM. Improving centres. Early Childhood: who require intensive care Psychosocial Obstetrics and local areas to increase Evidence into Practice. and consequent separation Gynaecology; 2006 Aug 4-5; physical activity and healthy Fourth Biennial International from the infants in early Sydney. food choices. DHS Victoria. Conference of the Queen life. They are at elevated McDonald K, Kirkman Research to Practice Forum; Elizabeth Centre; 2006 Nov risk of pregnancy anxiety, M. Reducing the risk of 2006 Oct; Melbourne. 23; Melbourne. postpartum depression and transmission of HIV from Rosenthal D. A Growing Fisher JRW, Rowe HJ, complicated grief reactions. mother to baby: How do HIV- Experience: The Health and Ong DM, Williamson LM. These are difficult to address positive women interpret the Well-Being of International Relationship between partner because multiple gestation evidence? Annual scientific Students at the University behaviours and mood in has often been idealised as meeting of the Australian of Melbourne (with G. mothers admitted to early providing an instant family Society for Psychosocial Thomson & V.J. Russell). parenting centers. Early and the risks and difficulties Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Australian International Childhood: Evidence into underestimated. When 2006 Aug 4-5; Sydney. Education Conference; 2006 Practice. Fourth Biennial multiple gestation is chosen International Conference of by consent to transfer more Sha J, . Shaping Oct; Perth. Kirkman M the Queen Elizabeth Centre; than one embryo, women Thomas L, Kavanagh A, Pregnancy: Representations 2006 Nov 23; Melbourne. are less able to express of pregnant women Jolley D, Turrell G, King T, ambivalence and distress in Australian women’s Crawford D. Environmental Publication and their needs for support magazines. Annual scientific determinants of walking: highlights are underestimated. This meeting of the Australian a multi-level study in For a full list of publications, provides evidence that in Society for Psychosocial Melbourne, Australia. see the 2006 Publications addition to obstetric and Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Walk21: 7th International Report, page 89 neonatal risks multiple 2006 Aug 4-5; Sydney. Conference on walking and gestation and birth are liveable communities; 2006 Fisher, JRW, Psychosocial Cooklin A, Fisher JRW, associated with psychsocial Oct; Melbourne. implications of multiple Rowe HJ. Employee morbidity that makes gestation and birth. Australian Thomas L. Walking adjustment to parenthood entitlements during and New Zealand Journal of behaviour and walkability. more difficult. pregnancy: implications for Obstetrics and Gynaecology Victorian Lifestyle and maternal wellbeing. Program 2006; 46; 26-32 Keys, D, Mallett, S, and abstract booklet of Neighbourhood Environment Rosenthal, D, 2006. Giving Multiple gestation and birth the Australian Society of Study Research Forum for up on drugs: homeless are increasing because Psychosocial Obstetrics and local government. VicHealth; young people and self- of the increasing use of Gynaecology Conference; 2006 Oct 3; Carlton. assisted reproductive reported problematic drug 2006 Aug 7-8; Sydney. Hammarberg K, Fisher technologies. Currently 20 use. Contemporary Drug JRW, Rowe HJ. Early Kavanagh AM. percent of births after ART Problems, 33 (1), 63-98 parenting after assisted Methodological and conception are of twins or Numerous studies have epistemological challenges conception. Fertility higher multiples. The rate of revealed high levels of in multidisciplinary research. Society of Australia Annual multiple gestation is even drug-taking among young One-day workshop on Conference; 2006 Oct 23. higher and in a proportion people experiencing multidisciplinary research at p.46, Supplement 2, A13. of these pregnancies one homelessness. This article the International Society for Rowe HJ, Fisher JRW. twin dies in utero. Women draws upon 40 in-depth Equity and Health hosted Detection of diagnosable with multiple gestations interviews carried out as part by the Australian Health anxiety and depression and multiple births are at of a five-year longitudinal Inequities Program Health; in women admitted to higher risk of operative birth, study of homeless young 2006 Sep. residential early parenting having premature infants people (Project i). Rather 47 Pictured at the Statewide Summit on Women’s Health are: Dale Fisher, CEO The Royal Women’s Hospital, Marilyn Beaumont, CEO Women’s Health Victoria, Deb Keys, Research Fellow KCWHS, and Karen Goltz, Regional Health Promotion Manager, DHS North Western Metropolitan Region.

than increasing drug use physiological/medical of Epidemiology. 2006, Key Centre for Women’s over time, many young interpretations of problematic 35(3):607-13. Health in Society – 2006 people who had experienced drug use. This paper is the first (and Director & Professor homelessness reduced, if not The research identified a only) multilevel study of Doreen Rosenthal AO BA gave up, their problematic clear association between social capital and health in Melb. PhD Melb FASSA drug use. This is an positive life changes and Australia. We showed that unexpected finding given Associate Professors reduction in drug use for the influence of area social commonly held assumptions Coordinator of Education & this population that is not capital on self-rated health about the impact of the Training simply confined to changes was weak and that the homeless lifestyle on drug Jane Fisher BSc Qld. PhD in homelessness status. Our effect of area disadvantage use. The interviews provided Melb. findings indicate that stable attenuated the effects of area insight into the way in Coordinator of Research and supportive relationships, social capital, suggesting which some young people Anne Kavanagh BMBS particularly with partners, are that investments in improving experiencing homelessness Flinders. PhD ANU FAFPHM also extremely important. view their drug use and the the economic and material Our findings raise many Senior Lecturers actions they take in light of characteristics of areas is questions about current likely to bring about greater Elizabeth Bennett MTropHlth these understandings. This Qld. PhD Melb. article reports on their stated drug and alcohol treatment improvements in health that responses for homeless investing in improving the *Andrea Whittaker BA Qld. reasons for giving up or PhD Qld (on temporary reducing usage and identifies young people. The fact social capital of areas. that the young people in transfer until Dec 2008) some commonalities that Staff may have impacted on the our sample used specific Lecturers outcomes. drug and alcohol services *denotes part-time *Lisa Amir MB BS Monash infrequently invites questions MMed Melb. PhD LaTrobe While young people Welcome about the scope, setting and IBCLC (on leave until Dec sometimes referred to timing of drug and alcohol Mid-year Karin Hammarberg 2008) physiological consequences treatment services for this began a part-time contract Heather Rowe BSc (Hons) La of their drug use they did population. working on the Andrology Trobe PhD Melb. not usually equate this with and IVF projects with A/Prof NHMRC Post Doctoral a chemical dependency. The Kavanagh AM, Turrell G, Jane Fisher. way in which they dealt with Subramanian SV. Does area- Research Fellow their problematic use reflects based social capital matter Farewell *Louise Keogh BSc West this understanding and for the health of Australians? In September Claudine Aust. MA Monash PhD La adds weight to arguments A multilevel analysis of self- Chionh completed her Trobe that highlight social and rated health in Tasmania. part-time contract on the VicHealth Public Health interpersonal rather than International Journal VicLanes project. Research Fellow 48 New international journal: Dr. Lisa Amir, Lecturer on leave, KCWHS and Editor- in Chief, International Breastfeeding Journal.

AMS student/ supervisor: KCWHS visit to WHO Manila: Dr Shigeru Omi, WHO Regional Centre Director for the Western Pacific, Prof Doreen Rosenthal, KCWHS Director Director, Dr Elizabeth Bennett, Senior Lecturer, KCWHS. Professor Doreen Rosenthal with AMS student, Muhammad Budimansyah.

KCWHS visitor: Professor Lorraine Greaves, Director, British Columbia Center of Excellence for Women’s Health. Pictured left to right are Key Centre students Julie Amalliah, Irma Nareswari, Sappaporn Wirratanapokin, Josephine Nkosana, Lignet Chepuka, Phoebe Bwembya, Lauren Matheson and Benson Singa.

Shelley Mallett BApSc La Candidate Melb. Administrative Manager TokyoWmMed-College PhD Trobe. BA La Trobe PhD La Lyndal Thomas BSc (Hons) Mr Felice Rocca BA (Hons) Keio Trobe Monash. PhD Candidate Melb. Melb Senior Fellows Wendy Holmes, MSc Research Fellows Research Assistants Personal Assistant to the London, MB BS U London *Rebecca Bentley BBSc *Claudine Chionh BA Melb Director Julie Thacker, UCLES/RSA (Hons) La Trobe PhD Melb. Lauren Matheson BA Calg. Ms Katie Symes BA Melb CLEFLA Lond. BSC West *Karin Hammarberg RN BSc MWH Melb Postgraduate Programs Aust. GradDipEd Curtin PhD *Lukar Thornton BSoc.Sc Administrator MWH Sweden, M Women’s ANU (Environment) RMIT. PGDip Ms Jennifer Sievers BInfMan Health Melb. PhD Melb Godfrey Woelk, BSc.(Soc), (Environment) Melb. MEnv Monash *Deborah Keys BA Deakin. Rhodesia M.COMM.H, Melb. PhD Candidate Melb PhD La Trobe Professorial Fellow Liverpool PhD U *Maggie Kirkman BA (Hons) Community Liaison/ Lenore Manderson, BA (As. Washington Melb. PhD La Trobe Research Translation Stud.) ANU (Hons), PhD, Fellow *Carolyn Nickson BA Officer ANU FASSA Milica Markovic, BSoc. La Trobe Grad Dip (Epi *Amanda Tattam, BA Principal Fellow Belgrade, MSoc Belgrade & Biostats) Melb. PhD (Journalism) Monash RN Fumi Horiguchi, BMed PhD Qld. 49

McCAUGHEY CENTRE VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing is a policy research centre which builds knowledge about the social, economic and environmental determinants of mental health and community wellbeing. The McCaughey Centre is supported by and works closely with the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth). Our mission is to be a catalyst for knowledge which strengthens the foundations of healthy, just and sustainable communities and builds social, emotional and spiritual wellbeing.

Overview McCaughey Centre. Further to establish an Advisory for Public Policy, University details regarding the origin Committee comprising of Melbourne; Former The McCaughey Centre: and significance of the individuals from a range of Director, United Nations VicHealth Centre for the McCaughey Centre name are sectors to provide the Centre Division for Social Policy and Promotion of Mental Health included below. Director with support in the Development. and Community Wellbeing establishment and growth of commenced formal operation The McCaughey Centre is a Mr Tony Nicholson: CEO, the Centre’s profile. As outlined in June 2006, when policy research centre which Brotherhood of St.Laurence. below, the McCaughey Centre Professor John Wiseman builds knowledge about Professor Terry Nolan: Advisory Committee bring an came on board as the the social, economic and Head, School of Population invaluable breadth of skill and Centre’s inaugural Director environmental determinants Health, University of expertise to their role. and began assembling a of mental health and Melbourne. wellbeing. The Centre is multi-disciplinary team to McCaughey Centre Professor Pip Pattison: supported by and works develop and shape the School of Behavioural closely with the Victorian Advisory Committee Centre’s policy research Science, President, Health Promotion Foundation Chair: Mr Michael Wright: profile. By the end of 2006 Academic Board, University (VicHealth), which defines Managing Director, Miller the Centre had engaged of Melbourne. nine academic staff, two mental health as ‘the Consulting. Dr Chrissie Pickin: Assistant professional staff, and a embodiment of social, Professor Ian Anderson: Director, Health Promotion & number of visiting staff from emotional and spiritual Director, Centre for Health Chronic Disease Prevention, academia and the public wellbeing. Mental health and Society and Onemda Department of Human sector. The disciplinary provides individuals with the VicHealth Koori Health Unit, Services. backgrounds of the Centre’s vitality necessary for active School of Population Health, staff range from Sociology, living, to achieve goals and University of Melbourne. Ms Cath Smith: CEO, Criminology, Occupational to interact with one another Mr Paris Aristotle: Director, Victorian Council of Social and Environmental Health, in ways that are respectful Victorian Foundation for Service. Economics, Accounting, and just’. Survivors of Torture. Ms Lyn Walker: Director, Sociology of Health Focusing on the promotion Professor Fran Baum: Mental Health & Wellbeing and Illness, Geomatics, of mental health and social Faculty of Health Sciences, Unit, VicHealth. Psychology, Epidemiology, wellbeing, the McCaughey Flinders University & Ms Marion Webster: Chair, Medicine and Public Centre’s strategies Commissioner on the WHO Melbourne Community Health, providing a multi- are population based, Commission on the Social Foundation. skilled platform from which intersectoral and grounded Determinants of Health. Ms Maria Wilton: Managing to achieve the Centre’s in the recognition that the Ms Helen Fenney: Director, Director, Franklin Templeton vision for ‘Healthy, just and health and wellbeing of Fenney Letts Consulting. International. sustainable communities’. populations is determined by Mr Damien Ferrie: Director, The McCaughey Centre how we organise ourselves Our name Community Strengthening, started out as ‘The VicHealth as a society, and our practice The McCaughey Centre is Department for Victorian Centre for the Promotion of and policies in diverse named in honour of two Communities. Mental Health and Social domains such as education, outstanding Victorians, Davis Wellbeing’, however a health, transport, the Professor Ruth Fincher: and Jean McCaughey, who shorter working title was economy, local government School of Social and have made a significant sought and approved by and the environment. Environmental Enquiry, and lasting contribution to the University of Melbourne A key priority within the University of Melbourne. improving the health and Council in September 2006, McCaughey Centre’s first Professor John Langmore: wellbeing of a diverse range and the Centre became the six months of operation was Professorial Fellow, Centre of Victorian, Australian and 52 For Professor John Wiseman, He hopes the work of the becoming inaugural Director of the McCaughey Centre will similarly McCaughey Centre: the VicHealth create a sense that there are Centre for the Promotion of Mental other possibilities to explore as it Health and Community Wellbeing generates “knowledge for common in 2006 was a personal and career good”. highlight. “The McCaughey Centre creates The appointment reflects Professor an outstanding opportunity for Wiseman’s ongoing commitment to researchers, students, policy makers turning knowledge about the causes and practitioners to work together to of injustice and violence into actions develop new insights into the nature that help build healthy, just and and sources of community health resilient communities. and wellbeing,” he says, “and the John says that this commitment actions which can turn those insights goes back to his initial awareness as a teenager into positive and tangible social change.” of the injustices experienced by Black and First In the McCaughey Centre’s first six months, Nation peoples in America – and by Australian Professor Wiseman has focused on laying its Indigenous communities. foundations by appointing key staff, setting up In addition to sparking his opposition to injustice, its research program, overseeing the creation this awareness of indigenous cultures alerted him of websites for both the Centre and Community that there were alternatives to the increasingly Indicators Victoria (which it hosts), developing extreme consumerism and individualism of relationships with stakeholders and hosting the Western cultures. Centre’s first events.

international communities. Centre is also developing range of projects with a engaged and integrated Their commitment to a suite of short courses for broad range of stakeholders community planning and ‘knowledge for common delivery to key stakeholders, to work toward improved policy making. CIV has good’ is at the heart of all including community wellbeing outcomes for all. A been established as a result the McCaughey Centre’s organisations and the respectful, partnership-based of the recommendations work. Jean McCaughey is government sector, focusing approach to the development of the VicHealth funded the Centre’s Patron. Further on key priority areas such and implementation Victorian Community details regarding Davis as community strengthening of policy and research Indicators Project (VCIP), and Jean McCaughey are and mental health promotion. projects is at the core of the and the initial objectives available at http://www. Research McCaughey Centre’s work. of Community Indicators mccaugheycentre.unimelb. The Centre encourages Victoria are to: edu.au/the_mccaughey_ The McCaughey Centre is conversations with potential • provide a sustainable story/10000_story.php. a research-intensive unit, collaborators from the mechanism for the with a strong emphasis upon three tiers of government collation, analysis and Teaching and research dissemination and and associated agencies, distribution of local community engagement. learning community organisations, community wellbeing The initial focus of the academia, the public and indicator trend data across The McCaughey Centre’s McCaughey Centre’s policy private sectors to advance Victoria; initial teaching and learning research is on: focus is on research higher the Centre’s mission, ‘To • be a resource centre • Community wellbeing degree supervision, with be a catalyst for knowledge supporting the development frameworks, policy the Centre recruiting its first which strengthens the and use of local community directions and strategies two doctoral students in late foundations of healthy, just wellbeing indicators by • Community wellbeing 2006 for commencement and sustainable communities local governments and their indicators, trends and in 2007. The Centre has and builds social, emotional communities; and outcomes capacity to co-supervise and spiritual wellbeing’. • Key determinants of • contribute to national and research higher degree While it was still very early mental health and international policy research days for the McCaughey students across a range community wellbeing: on the development and of disciplines, and will be Centre in 2006, Centre 0 Freedom from violence use of local community developing a recruitment staff developed a range of 0 Freedom from wellbeing indicators as research proposals, and strategy in 2007 with further discrimination a basis for improving details at http://www. initiated and contributed to 0 Social inclusion and community engagement, numerous research projects mccaugheycentre.unimelb. connectedness community planning and in progress, a flavour of edu.au/postgraduate_ 0 Economic participation policy making. which is included below: research/11000_ and security The McCaughey Centre’s postgraduate_research.php. 0 Healthy and Community Indicators CIV project partners include It is envisaged that as the sustainable Victoria (CIV) the Australian Bureau of McCaughey Centre’s profile environments Community Indicators Statistics (ABS), Departments grows, a number of new The Centre identifies key Victoria (CIV) is a of Victorian State and subjects will be developed population groups such as collaborative project hosted Local Government, Municipal around themes of community men and women, young by the McCaughey Centre, Association of Victoria strengthening and wellbeing people, older people, with the aim of supporting (MAV), Victorian Local for incorporation into the indigenous communities the development and Governance Association School of Population Health’s and CALD communities use of local community (VLGA), Victorian Council of existing postgraduate within these research areas, wellbeing indicators as Social Services (VCOSS), programs. The McCaughey and undertakes a diverse a basis for informed, RMIT and Swinburne 53 University. Further details Establishment of a Latrobe perpetrators and keeping of NSW), Pam Muth (Office regarding Community Valley power industry children and women in for Children, DHS), Bill Indicators Victoria cohort and biospecimen their homes; whether the Randolph (Uni of NSW), and can be found at www. bank for the study of early referral of children Robert Tanton (NATSEM, Uni communityindicators.net.au. asbestos-related disease to community services of Canberra). Analysis of psychosocial Assoc Prof Tony LaMontagne impacts on the statutory World Health Organisation workplace hazards from the McCaughey Centre child protection system; the (WHO) Age Friendly Cities Assoc Prof Tony LaMontagne is Co-Investigator on this integration of criminal and Project from the McCaughey Centre NHMRC funded project, civil justice responses; and Prof John Wiseman and is the lead investigator on this with lead Chief Investigator the effectiveness of multi- Dr Kathleen Brasher research project for the Office Dr Andrew Holloway and disciplinary governance from the McCaughey of the Australian Safety and Prof David Bowtell (Peter arrangement in metropolitan Centre are managing the Compensation Council (ASCC), MacCallum Cancer Centre), and rural regions. Melbourne component of Department of Employment and Assoc Prof Richard Lake Implications of community this 37-city, 22-country and Workplace Relations (Uni of WA). strengthening strategies World Health Organisation (DEWR). The project entails Family violence reform: for working with people (WHO) collaboration with scoping and analysing the Using knowledge to with a disability the Municipal Association previously collected four waves support integration of This policy research project, of Victoria (MAV) and the of HILDA data for psychosocial policy and practice funded by the Department Council of the Ageing Victoria hazard surveillance purposes, Dr Marion Frere and Prof of Human Services, is (COTA). The project aims to including analyses of the John Wiseman from the coordinated by McCaughey identify indicators of an age- prevalence, magnitude, McCaughey Centre partnered Centre Research Fellow Sue friendly city, and produce a and distribution of hazards, with Chief Investigators West. practical guide to stimulate both cross-sectionally and Prof Cathy Humphries Understanding community and guide advocacy, longitudinally over the four (Social Work, UoM – grant level factors that influence community development and years of study. lead), Dr Charles Ross children’s outcomes in policy change to make urban Changing patterns of work: (Criminology, UoM), Dr Chris disadvantaged areas communities age-friendly. A Impacts on physical and Laming and Dr Karen Crinall across Australia and key project goal is to provide mental health and the (Monash) and with Partner Canada participating cities with an mediating role of resiliency Investigators Ms Christine Prof John Wiseman from increased awareness of and social capital Nixon and Dr Charles the McCaughey Centre is a local needs, gaps and good Assoc Prof Tony LaMontagne Gassner (Victoria Police), partner in this project funded ideas for stimulating the is an investigator on this Ms Julia Griffith (Dept of by the Australian Research development of age-friendly NHMRC funded project with Justice), Mr Terry Healy Alliance for Children and urban settings. research partners Prof Sue (Dept for Vic Communities), Youth (ARACY). The Project Community Richardson (Flinders), Prof and Dr Jane Bennett and leader is Dr Sharon Goldfeld Fran Baum (Flinders), and Prof Ms Chris Asquini (Dept of (Centre for Community Child activities Anne Kavanagh (KCWHS, Human Services) on this Health, Royal Children’s Building effective, UoM). The project provides, project proposal submitted Hospital), with other partners intersectoral partnerships for the first time in Australia, to the November 2006 ARC including Sally Brinkin across academia, a detailed understanding of Linkage round. The project (Murdoch Institute), Brendan government departments the impact of the changing aims to address national Gleeson (Griffith Uni), Paul and agencies, community forms of employment and ‘hot’ issues around family Kershaw (Uni of British groups, public and private unemployment on overall violence, including the Columbia), Ilan Katz (Social sector organisations is a health. effectiveness of removing Policy Research Centre, Uni guiding principle in the 54 McCaughey Centre’s August 2006: Participation October 2006: Presentation Australian Health Network, approach to policy research, in the Faculty of Medicine, to Key Centre for Women’s and presentation on Work teaching and learning, and Dentistry and Health Health in Society on Towards Stress; Presentation to knowledge transfer. Initiating Sciences’ Forum on a Gendered Approach to the Council on the Ageing and developing strong Collaborative Research on the Development and Use on the WHO Age Friendly stakeholder relationships Mental Health; Presentation of Community Wellbeing Cities Project; Workshop has therefore been a key to the Victorian College of the Indicators; Presentation facilitation with MAV, COTA, priory in the Centre’s first six Arts on Cultural Development to the Australian Nurses DVC and City of Maribyrnong months of operation, and and Community Wellbeing Federation on VicHealth Job on the WHO Age friendly details below of the Centre’s Indicators; Launch of Stress Report; Presentation Cities project; Lecture to community engagement the Victorian Community to the Work-Life Association medical students (510-511 throughout this initial Indicators Project Final of Victoria on VicHealth Job “Integrated Clinical Studies”) establishment phase gives a Report Measuring Wellbeing, Stress Report; Presentation on Occupational Health & brief insight into the Centre’s Engaging Communities by Dr to the Centre for Adolescent Occupational Medicine: emphasis upon collaboration, Rob Moodie (CEO, VicHealth) Health, Adolescent Youth Linking Public Health & research dissemination, and and Mr Vince Lazarro Forum on How Will We Medicine; Hosted a community engagement: (Regional Director, ABS); Know We Are Getting NAPCAN forum with Professor Isaac Prilleltensky July 2006: Meeting with Participation in Hanover Somewhere?; Participation and Dr Ora Prilleltensky Ministerial Staff from the Welfare Services Forum on in ARACY Early Childhood (School of Education, Victorian Department of Homelessness Research Project Research Workshop Miami University) on Employment & Youth Affairs Priorities; Presentation on Early Childhood Policy Community Strengthening to provide a briefing on to Local Government and Research Development Community Planners Forum and Priorities; Participation in and Community Wellbeing; the VicHealth Job Stress Presentation on Community Report and related VicHealth on Development and use of National Knowledge Access local community wellbeing Grid on Early Childhood Indicators Victoria to the initiatives; McCaughey Centre Office of Women’s Policy and representation on the panel indicators; Presentation Research Trends (part of to Melbourne City Council ARACY Early Years Project); Office for Youth; Participation for the VicHealth ‘Get Real’ in ARACY workshop on Forum on Research to Policy Corporate Planning Team Presentation to Women’s on Development and Use Health Victoria on the role Integrating Research, Policy Translation; Participation in and Practice. an initial planning meeting for of Community Wellbeing of the McCaughey Centre the 2008 World Conference Indicators. and Community Indicators Key Achievements Victoria; Presentation of on Promotion of Mental September 2006: Joint With the McCaughey the Job Stress Report to Health and Wellbeing; workshop with DHS and Centre commencing formal the Ballarat Regional OHS Presentation to beyondblue Newfoundland Community operation in June 2006, the Group; on the Mental Health Accounts Team (Canada) Centre’s key achievements Impacts of Workplace Stress; on Community Indicators; November/December for the half-year from Participation in an initial Presentation to ABS 2006: Presentation to the June to December 2006 Victorian Health Inequalities National Workshop on Local City of Boroondara on were primarily around Network planning workshop; Community Indicators and Community Indicators establishment issues such Presentation to a Municipal Data and the Outcomes of Victoria; Facilitation of a DHS as recruitment, governance, Association of Victoria Human the Victorian Community Disability Services workshop stakeholder engagement, Services Directors Forum Indicators Project; on Community Strengthening research project start-up, on Development and Use Participation in VicHealth Strategies; Chaired session and strategic planning for of Community Wellbeing Workshop on ‘Train Stations on Workplace Stress and the Centre’s initial phase Indicators. as Creative Community Hubs’. Health Inequalities for the of activity. The Centre 55 undertook an extensive potential and ongoing Community Wellbeing in a and Trade Show, Hobart recruitment process in the relationships with the Globalising World. Tasmanian Chamber of first months of operation, McCaughey Centre. 4 August: Presentation to Commerce and Industry. resulting in the establishment In addition to working the 2006 VCOSS Congress 20 November: Presentation of a highly skilled, multi- on numerous projects in on The Victorian Community on Acting On Job Stress – do disciplinary team of nine progress and future project Indicators Project. we have a context for action? academic staff, two proposals in 2006, the 18 September: Hosted a at the Human Factors and professional staff, and a McCaughey Centre made a joint forum with the Planning Ergonomics Society of number of honorary staff by positive start in developing a Institute of Australia with Australia Annual Conference. the end of 2006. strategic plan, and a vision, Barbara Holtman (Group 20 November: Hosted a A further priority in these mission, and core set of Leader, Crime Prevention, public forum by Professor initial months was to principles to guide the Centre Defence, Peace, Safety and Isaac Prilleltensky and Dr Ora assemble a McCaughey into the future. Security Unit, Government Prilleltensky on Promoting Centre Advisory Committee To cap off a busy first six of South Africa) on Crime Wellbeing: A Change with a breadth of skills, months of activity, the Prevention Partnerships at Strategy for Communities. expertise and perspectives McCaughey Centre was the Local Level: The South the Centre may draw upon thrilled to congratulate African Experience. Publication for strategic guidance and staff members Assoc Prof 25 September: Presentation highlights feedback. An outstanding Tony LaMontagne and to the University of For a full list of publications, group of individuals Tessa Keegel for their Melbourne’s Centre for see the 2006 Publications assembled for the inaugural VicHealth award celebrating Public Policy Conference Report, page 89 meeting of the McCaughey achievement in Health on Government Community Centre Advisory Committee Wiseman J., West, S., and Promotion in Mental Health Partnerships: Local heroes: on 14 December, which Bertone, S., Mainstreaming (the $15,000 to $75,000 Learning from recent was attended also by Ms change: Learning from category), presented at the Victorian community Jean McCaughey, whom the community strengthening in VicHealth Annual General strengthening initiatives. Centre is thrilled to have as Meeting in Parliament Victoria, Just Policy, Vol. 41, its patron. Gardens on the evening of 11-13 October: Keynote September 2006, pp. 34-42 presentation at the 4th Identifying and establishing 13 December 2006. Tony This paper considers the World Conference on the relationships with a broad and Tessa received the lessons from community Promotion of Mental Health range of stakeholders has award for their work on the strengthening projects and Prevention of Mental been a further achievement project ‘Workplace Stress instigated under the and Behavioural Disorders in the Centre’s first months in Victoria: Developing Victorian State Government’s (Oslo, Norway - delivered of operation, with many a Systems Approach’, Community Building on behalf of VicHealth) on meetings undertaken with which was undertaken in Initiative, and considers The development and use representatives from local the School of Population the implications of these of community wellbeing and state government Health’s Centre for Health lessons for future community indicators. departments and agencies, and Society. strengthening policy and 18 October: Presentation to heads of key not-for- Conferences and practice in Victoria. The profit, public and private the Comcare Annual OH&S first section of the paper organisations, colleagues public presentations Conference on Controlling explores the rise of more from academia, and 27 July: Hosted a joint forum the risks of job stress. ‘community’ focused policy members of the community with Centre for Health and 26 October: Presentation and practice in Australia, as a first conversation in Society, by Professor Paul on Stress and bullying to the the drivers behind this regard to collaborative James (RMIT), presenting on Working Safe Conference approach, and the tensions 56 Congratulations to Associate Professor Tony Lamontagne and Tessa Keegel for their VicHealth award celebrating achievement in Health Promotion in Mental Health (the $15,000 to $75,000 category). Tony and Tessa received the award for their work on the project ‘Workplace Stress in Victoria: Developing a Systems Approach’, which was undertaken while they were both based in the School of Population Health’s Centre for Health and Society. The award was presented by Ted Baillieu (left) at the VicHealth Annual General Meeting in Parliament Gardens on the evening of 13 December 2006. Tony Lamontagne joined the McCaughey Centre from the Centre for Health and Society Fellow and the designated McCaughey Centre in October (CHS) in October 2006, and academic liaison between CHS 2006, and continues her links remains linked to the CHS as and the McCaughey Centre. with the Centre for Health and an honorary Principal Research Tessa Keegel also joined the Society as a PhD candidate.

and issues along the way. Wiseman J., Local heroes: as providing a foundation for Massachusetts MA Harvard This is followed by an outline Learning from recent the democratic renewal of ME Massachusetts Sc.D of the specific policy context community strengthening local governance. Key factors Harvard of community strengthening initiatives in Victoria, underpinning successful Research Fellows in Victoria and the approach Australian Journal of Public community strengthening Gabrielle Berman, BEComFin by the Victorian State Administration, Vol. 65, No. programs include strong local RMIT BCom (Hons) Melb Government since 1999. 2, June 2006, pp. 95-107 ownership and leadership, PhD RMIT The paper suggests that the Policies and programs backed by sustained Kathleen Brasher, policy direction in Victoria which aim to strengthen the government investment CertGeneralNurs Royal in the social and physical has moved from a projects engagement, connectedness Melb CertMidwifery Monash infrastructure priorities based approach to looking and resilience of local BASc(Nursing) Monash identified as important by local at ways of ‘mainstreaming’ communities have increasingly GradDipArts Melb PhD communities. However, while community strengthening. become a core element Monash local community strengthening The paper then considers in public policy responses Xiaogang Chen, BSc strategies can lead to real the findings of a research to the challenges posed Hangzhou MSc Changchun improvements in community project which sought by globalising social and PostgradDipIMGP ITC networks, infrastructure to understand, from a economic relations. However, (Netherlands) PhD Melb and capacity, they are no practice perspective, what for many politicians, policy Melanie Davern, BSc Melb substitute for the inclusive and factors have contributed makers and citizens the BSc(Hons) Deakin PhD redistributive taxation, income to successful community conceptual framework Deakin security, service delivery and strengthening. It is and practical benefits of Tessa Keegel, BA(Hons) suggested that a community ‘community strengthening’ labour market policies needed to create the conditions for Monash MA Monash centered approach to remain vague and unclear. GradDipEpidBiostats Melb community strengthening This article aims to contribute sustainable reductions in poverty, inequality and social Sue West, BA Phillip IT MA is what works best. The to debates about the RMIT final section of the paper significance of community exclusion. Professional Staff considers what these strengthening by providing Staff findings mean in the a concise overview of Janine Campbell, BA Melb Professor and Centre context of a search for more the development and GradCertUM Melb Director ‘mainstreamed’ approaches implementation of community Kate Jenkins, DipBus RMIT John Wiseman, BA Melb to community strengthening strengthening initiatives by the Visiting Staff BSW Melb PhD Latrobe and a number of key Bracks Labor Government in Steve Gelsi, Australian strategies are identified. Victoria. Initial learning from Senior Research Fellow Bureau of Statistics The paper concludes with this experience suggests that and Centre Deputy Director Neil McLean, Australian some comments about the engaging and linking local Marion Frere, BA UWA MA Bureau of Statistics implications of the lessons communities can make a Melb PhD Melb Jeanette Pope, Department from the ‘experimenting’ useful contribution to local Associate Professor and for Victorian Communities phase for alternative public social, environmental and Principal Research Fellow Jim Stanford, Canadian Auto policy ideas. economic outcomes as well Anthony Lamontagne, BSc Workers Union 57

CHPPE Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics (formerly the Program Evaluation Unit) is a multidisciplinary organisation, the core business of which is health services and policy research and health economics. Its staff have expertise in program evaluation, health economics, economic evaluation, health law, epidemiology, social sciences and research methodology, and many have clinical backgrounds. Director of the The mission of the CHPPE is to contribute to the health Centre for Health Policy, Programs of the community through research, teaching and service and Economics: relevant to health programs and policy. It aims to do Associate this by advancing relevant knowledge and addressing Professor David relevant issues productively and flexibly. It also includes Dunt methodological development, exemplary practice and a “Our work is about getting varied program of teaching and training. It aims to achieve the products of this mission by improving the community’s ability to research into critically evaluate the performance and funding of health the delivery of policy and health programs. services.”

Head of Centre capacities in health outstanding reputation for was organised by the Vice- services research and linking the skills of these Chancellors of the two Report health economics among areas to inform the derivation universities to promote the The major highlight of graduate students and of more effective public already existing strategic 2006 was undoubtedly the practitioners; and health and health care alliance that existed between acceptance by the University • Improve the capacity services. He is regarded as the two universities. Four of our proposal to establish of the community the leading practitioner of areas were nominated for the new Centre for Health to critically evaluate his academic generation special attention. One of Policy, Programs and the performance and in his field and will make a the areas nominated was in Economics. Based on the funding of health policy significant contribution to health services research, and existing Program Evaluation and health services this critical area in Australia. a workshop on this area was Unit, its establishment (programs). He will work jointly with the conducted on the day. followed a successful review This is a culmination of the School of Law. Other highlights were of the Unit’s work over the 16-year history of the group, We are sad to say farewell • CHPPE’s externally previous five years. first as the NHMRC National to Associate Professor Rob earned income in 2006 Centre for Health Program The primary aims of the Carter and his group of was $2.1 million ($4.7M Evaluation, later as the Centre are to: health economists, including including funding from Centre for Health Program • Advance relevant Cathy Miholopoulos, Marj collaborative grants). This Evaluation (in conjunction knowledge and address Moodie, Sophie Shih is an increase of 20% on with Monash University) and health issues so as to and Steve Colgan. Rob 2005 and in excess of still later as the Program better inform theory, has accepted a Chair 60% on 2004 Evaluation Unit. The Centre research, policies and in Health and Human • A total of 53 articles & will build on our already very programs; Services Economics in reports were published • Develop, evaluate and substantial contribution in the School of Health and in 2006 including 25 trial interventions to build the health services area at Social Development at referred journal articles. further understanding of the University in research Deakin University. Rob • Very large numbers (235) best practice models of output and funding, was previously Deputy of MPH students from health services; postgraduate teaching Head and has made a very both The University of • Engage in the and supervision of higher considerable contribution Melbourne and other development of research degrees and community and in research, teaching and universities in The methods, exemplary professional service, as set higher degree supervision. Victorian Consortium practice and a varied out below. He has had considerable of Public Health took program of teaching and The other important success in NHMRC program our postgraduate units training; highlight is the imminent and project grant funding. in program evaluation • Promote and support arrival of Professor David He established health and health economics. the development and Studdert, Federation Fellow economics at the University Thirteen MPH students adoption of evidence- and previously Associate and will be very much completed their research based public health Professor from the Harvard missed. We wish him well in projects in program policies and practices; School of Public Health. his future career at Deakin. evaluation and health • Establish systems and David is a Law/Arts In March 2006, Jane Pirkis, economics. There processes to promote graduate of the University Rob Carter and I attended are 16 higher degree effective transfer of of Melbourne who holds the Melbourne-Monash students, including 2 new research findings into a Doctor of Science in Protocol Collaboration enrolments in 2006. policy and practice; Public Health from Harvard Meeting at the Melbourne • The two courses • Develop skills and University. He has an Cricket Ground. The meeting in Health Program 60 Publication highlight 2. Is there evidence that portrayal of mental illness in fictional films and television Pirkis, J., Blood, R.W., Francis, C., & McCallum, programs can have harmful effects? K. 2006, ‘On-screen portrayals of mental illness: Extent, nature and impacts’, Journal of Health 3. Is there evidence that portrayal of Communication, Vol. 11, pp. 523-541. mental illness in fictional films and television This article reviews the published literature on programs can have positive effects? the extent, nature, and impacts of portrayal of Our review of the literature suggests that mental illness in fictional films and television on-screen portrayals are frequent and programs. generally negative, and have a cumulative There is already evidence that nonfiction effect on the public’s perception of people media may have a role in perpetuating negative with mental illness and on the likelihood attitudes to mental illness by “framing” people of people with mental illness seeking with mental illness as violent or dangerous, appropriate help. but we need more evidence about the role of We conclude that the mental health sector fictional films and television programs in shaping and the film and television industries need to community attitudes about mental illness. collaborate to counter negative portrayals of This study aimed to establish: mental illness, and to explore the potential for 1. What is the extent and nature of portrayal positive portrayals to educate and inform, as of mental illness in fictional films and well as to entertain. television programs? For more publication highlights, see page 70

Evaluation continue online and electronic forum each section, with Andrew in Health Program to attract enrolments support. Dalton, Steve Crowley, David Evaluation (D), Jenni from health professions. Our two short courses in Dunt, Rosemary McKenzie, Livingston Short Course 1 ran three health program evaluation Cathy Mihalopoulos, Marj • Environmental Health workshops and attracted are becoming more popular, Moodie, Lucio Naccarella, Services Evaluation (D 28 participants and Short and we have reviewed their Michael Otim, Theonie only), Helen Jordan. Course 2 ran twice with delivery, providing time Tacticos and Kiu-Sang Tay- During 2006, 13 students 16 participants. between the linked course Teo providing lectures and completed their two semester • Staff members Lucio for students to reflect on tutorials. There were 132 Research Project in either Naccarella and Belinda their learnings and try out students enrolled in this Health Economics/Economic Morley were awarded their various approaches in the subject in 2006. Evaluation or Health Program PhDs, and Alan Headey workplace before they MPH students had access Evaluation. These students was awarded his Doctorate return for the next block. to the following suite of completed reports on the of Psychology (Health). This approach is supported health economics/economic following topics: – Associate Professor as sound evidence based evaluation subjects: • Jonathan St Clair David Dunt practice worldwide. • Health Economics, Cathy Anderson: Supervisor Teaching and The suite of health program Mihalopoulos (Subject Steve Crowley. The Learning evaluation/health services Coordinator) measurement of health research subjects was • Economic Evaluation 1, related utility in HIV In 2006, the pattern of steady enhanced by the successful Steve Crowley medicine. growth in enrolments in first delivery of the new • Economic Evaluation 2, • Justine Bukenya, our short courses in health Public Health Education Steve Crowley Supervisors: Jenni program evaluation, our two and Research Program • Research Project in Livingston & Cathy streams of subjects in the Innovations Grant (PHERP) Health Economics, Rob Segan. Evaluating home- MPH, and research training funded Environmental Health Carter based HIV counseling through doctoral studies Services Evaluation subject and testing in Bushenyi has shown that there is an In the health program in off campus semester District, Uganda. ongoing demand for well- evaluation field, the following mode by Helen Jordan. This • Pauline Maree Galvin, taught and supervised, and subjects were available in subject is also available Supervisor: Irene workplace relevant subjects 2006. Those in distance mode Australia wide as a block Blackberry & Jenni and courses. have been designated ‘D’. mode short course. Livingston. Predictors Although we have noted a • Health Program of compliance shift in student preference Master of Public Health Evaluation 1 (D), Jenni with preventive towards on-campus delivery There has been steady Livingston (Subject recommendations among in semester and block mode growth in enrolments in Coordinator) older people following for our subjects, the flexibility the subject we provide for • Health Program their recent falls. that comes from the off the Victorian Consortium evaluation 2 (D), David • Yvonne Ginifer, campus options available of Public Health, Health Dunt & Rosemary Supervisor: Jenni means that students who Economics and Program McKenzie Livingston. Myanmar would otherwise be unable Evaluation, for students from • Health Services Research Red Cross Society to gain access to our Deakin University, La Trobe 1 (D), David Dunt (MRCS) HIV Program: subjects are taught. In most University, Monash University • Using Evaluation in What is the program cases, the distance and on and the University of Program Design, Jenni logic underpinning the campus students are taught Melbourne. Rob Carter and Livingston program and how is the concurrently with interactive Cathy Segan coordinated • Research Project program doing? 61 • Kirsty Jennifer Irving, PMTCT Program Design. with other public health Five short courses were run Supervisor: Jenni • Jose Rene Urias Huezo, practitioners who share an in 2006, twice in Canberra, Livingston. Evaluation Supervisor: Jenni interest in health program and one each in Victoria, Capacity Building for Livingston. What are the evaluation. Short Course 1 Queensland and South Health Arts Programs in key issues that need to on Planning, Negotiation, Australia DoHA state-based a Youth Mental Health be addressed to develop Evaluation Approaches, offices. Setting. a culturally competent Criteria Selection and Research • Anna-Lisa Jenkins, (mental) health Program Logic Modelling Supervisor: Jenni workforce? was held three times in 2006 The CHPPE undertakes Livingston. Community • Gail Beverley Miller, and attracted 28 participants. evaluations of health link issues investigation. Supervisor: Andrew Short Course 2 on Data programs at national, state • Susan Jury, Supervisor Dalton. Critique of the Collection, Analysis & and local levels. Since its Jenni Livingston. A Quality of Economic Reporting in Health Program establishment, the CHPPE formative evaluation of Evaluation in the Dental Evaluation was run twice in has attracted over $29 paediatric pre-referral Literature & Future 2006 and attracted a total of million in funding from key guidelines. Directions. 16 participants. granting bodies such as the National Health and Medical • Catherine Lee Keating, Higher Degree Students SC1 is coordinated and Supervisor: Marj Moodie. taught be Helen Jordan, Research Council (NHMRC) Adolescent obesity There were 14 PhD students with Rosemary McKenzie and from organisations such in Australia – and the enrolled in 2006, including providing a session as a as Commonwealth and state/ associated quality of life two students new to the guest lecturer. C2 is taught territory health departments that fund contract research. burden. program. Two students by Helen Jordan, Michelle Over half of this funding • Anita Lal, Supervisor: were enrolled in the DrPH Williamson, Theonie Tacticos, has come directly to the Cathy Mihalopoulos. Cost program. Peter Feldman and Sonja CHPPE and the remaining effectiveness analysis of Short Courses Hood. call-back counselling for funding has been shared Health Program Commonwealth smoking cessation. with collaborating agencies. Department of Health • Rachel Susan Greta Evaluation Since 2004, the CHPPE has focussed its research around Lee, Supervisor: Cathy Two short courses in Health and Ageing Short three work streams: Primary Mihalopoulos. Private Program Evaluation (SC1 Course in Health Care and Health Promotion, health insurance policy and SC2) attracted health Program Evaluation Health Economics and and incentives in Australia. professionals working The Department of Health Mental Health. A fourth work • Marcia Angeline across a range of health and Ageing (DoHA) stream, Health Policy, will be Soumokil, Supervisor: policy and program areas commissioned the PEU added in 2007. Jenni Livingston. in Australia and overseas. to deliver a two-day short Engagement of male The short courses provide course in Program Evaluation Details of new and existing participation in HIV/AIDS an opportunity for very for DoHA policy makers and research activities are set out prevention of mother- practical, workplace oriented program managers across under the three work steams to-child transmission learning about health Australia. This two-day short and includes major grants (PMTCT) program: program evaluation and course was coordinated awarded. Evaluation of Indonesia’s the opportunity to network and taught by Helen Jordan. 62 Seminar Program Once again, the Centre’s lunch time Seminar Series, which is open to all colleagues and the general public, proved to be extremely successful. The seminar topics are chosen to highlight current and key aspects of the Centre’s Research Program.

Date Presenter’s Name Topic of Presentation

7 March Cathy Segan Maximising the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions

21 March No seminar Commonwealth Games

4 April Grant Blashki The Primary Care Evidence-based Psychological Interventions (PEP) Study: Evaluating cognitive behavioural therapy training for GPs

2 May Rosemary McKenzie Evaluating the Well For Life program

16 May Alan Headey Lessons from the evaluation of 160 local suicide prevention initiatives

23 May Susan Day Geographic inequities in the supply and demand for GP services

6 June Lucio Naccarella Why a relational perspective matters in general practice

20 June Kiu-siang Tay A review of influenza vaccination in high-risk groups

4 July Michelle Williamson Recruiting GPs and maintaining their interest in a large-scale intervention study

18 July Dominique Cadilhac Undertaking economic evaluation of blood pressure lowering interventions in stroke: Selecting interventions and modelling implications

1 August Bree Rankin Improving GPs’ assessment and treatment of coronary heart disease

15 August Theonie Tacticos Why self-reported health status is important

5 September Belinda Morley and Fay Evaluating the Better Outcomes in Mental Health Care program Kohn 19 September Jenni Livingston An evaluation of changes to informed consent for post-mortem

3 October Michael Otim Priority setting in Aboriginal health

17 October Peter Feldman Intercultural evaluations

21 November Sonja Hood Implementing evidence in health care

63 Primary Care and Health Promotion Work Stream 2006 saw the completion of one of the stream’s long term projects Evaluation of the Best Start Program, which commenced in 2003. The findings from this project have received a very positive response from the Department of Human Services, Victoria and those in the field involved with the Best Start Program. Another significant project completed in 2006 was the Review of Indigenous use of MBS-funded Medical Services. The review found that some disparity remains between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and other Australians with access to MBS funded medical services, however the gap is closing. The Primary Care and Health Promotion Work Stream attracted funding for a number of new projects including:

Title Funding body Chief Investigator(s) Description Funding National Evaluation Australian Chief Investigators: This project aims to $1,647,100 of the Australian Government Colleen Doyle, evaluate the Australian Government Department of Health David Dunt, Richard Government’s 2005 Dementia Health and Ageing Rosewarne (Applied Budget Dementia Priority Initiative Aged Care Solutions), Initiative and to Lynne Pezzullo provide ongoing (Access Economics). evaluation advice to Other Investigators: key stakeholders. Susan Day

Helping smokers beyondblue Catherine Segan, Ron This project involves $91,805 with a history of Borland (The Cancer a prospective study in depression quit Council Victoria), which three different smoking safely: Kay Wilhelm (The groups of callers Depression and University of New receiving the callback smoking cessation South Wales), Sunil service will be outcomes among Bhar (University of followed up by trained clients of a tailored Pennsylvania), and telephone interviewers quitline callback David Dunt at two months (end of service offering treatment) and at six doctor-quitline co- months after enrolling management of on the callback smoking cessation service. and depression

Responding to Department of Human Margaret Kelaher, This project $89,973 Health Inequalities: Services, Victoria Theonie Tacticos, involves baseline Investigating Deb Warr (Centre for data collection for the Impact of Health and Society) Neighbourhood Neighbourhood Renewal in Fitzroy Renewal on health and Collingwood, and well-being comprising a in disadvantaged community survey Victorian of neighbourhood communities characteristics, health and wellbeing.

Raising Awareness Department of Human David Dunt This project involves $58,603 of Prevention Services, Victoria a literature review Programs for and consultation Chronic Pulmonary with stakeholders Disease regarding the awareness-raising programs of greatest potential in addressing chronic pulmonary disease.

64 Title Funding body Chief Investigator(s) Description Funding

The impact of the Victorian Department Dr Lisa Begg, Ms Recently bereaved $53,236 new post mortem of Human Services Maureen Johnson, Ms families were consent procedure Christine Hennequin, interviewed and on recently bereaved Ms Barbara Robb surveyed to explore parents (Royal Women’s their understanding Hospital), Professor of the new fully Paul Monagle informed consent (Department of to post mortem Pathology, University process introduced of Melbourne), Ms at the Royal Women’s Jenni Livingston Hospital in 2003.

Arts and Health The Australia Council Lindy Joubert (Faculty This project aims to $27,160 Strategy of Architecture, provide a platform for Building and Planning), the Australia council Margaret Kelaher, to improve recognition David Dunt of the role of the arts in such areas as healthcare, ageing and community service; and to promote the practice amongst the medical and health community professions. Evaluation of the Centre of Excellence David Dunt, Rosemary This project involves $20,000 Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders McKenzie a review of policy for for Eating Disorders the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in primary care settings.

Existing research activities carried over from previous years include: • Evaluation of the Best Start Program. • National Evaluation of the After Hours Primary Medical Care Trial. • Review of Indigenous use of MBS-funded Medical Services. • Evaluation of the Supply of Pharmaceuticals to Remote Area Aboriginal Health Services. • Career Development Award – Strengthening the relationship between policy and epidemiology in addressing social determinants of health • Public Health Training Fellowship – Helping people with concurrent medical conditions quite smoking. • Evaluation of the Well for Life Initiative. • Evaluation of the Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Neurosciences. • Evaluation of the VicHealth Community Arts Development Scheme.

65 Mental Health The Mental Health Work Stream continues to be successful in attracting funding for a range of projects in the area of mental health and suicide prevention. Four new projects commenced this year and a number of projects have continued from previous years and received additional funding. New research activities funded this year include:

Title Funding body Chief Investigator(s) Description Funding

Monitoring Media Australian Jane Pirkis, Warwick This project aims to $714,194 Reporting of Suicide Government Blood (University determine whether and Mental Illness Department of Health of Canberra) Philip the nature and quality and Ageing Burgess (University of media reporting of of Queensland), Cath suicide and mental Francis and Andrew illness has improved Dare between 2000-01 and 2006-07.

Research priorities Australian Jane Pirkis, Jo The Research $103,778 in suicide prevention Government Robinson (ORYGEN Priorities in Suicide Department of Health Research Centre), Prevention project and Ageing Karolina Krysinska aimed to identify future (Australian Institute for areas of research Suicide Research and to be addressed in Prevention, Griffith suicide prevention. It University), Sara Niner, identified the suicide Tony Jorm (ORYGEN prevention research Research Centre), that is currently Michael Dudley being undertaken in (Suicide Prevention Australia, identified Australia), Emily gaps in this research, Schindeler (Suicide and made suggestions Prevention Australia), with regard to a Diego De Leo national research (Australian Institute for agenda based on Suicide Research and priority areas for future Prevention, Griffith research. University)

The ‘Learnings from Auseinet Jane Pirkis, Alan This project involves $78,464 Suicide Prevention Headey. Other an analysis of the Initiatives’ Project Investigators: project and evaluation Penny Mitchell, Jo reports from 156 Robinson (ORYGEN suicide prevention Youth Health), Philip projects funded under Burgess (University of the National Suicide Queensland) Prevention Strategy.

An evaluation of Australian Rotary Jane Pirkis, Philip This project will $47,375 the new Medicare Health Research Fund Burgess (University of evaluate the uptake Benefits Schedule Queensland), Harvey of new Medicare psychologist item Whiteford (University Benefits Schedule numbers: Impacts of Queensland), Grant item numbers which for psychologists Blashki (Department provide rebates and their patients. of General Practice, for psychologists’ The University of services. The Melbourne), Lyn evaluation will Littlefield (Australian consider whether the Psychological Society) item numbers are achieving their aim of providing improved access to high quality mental health care for Australians.

Existing research activities carried over from previous years include: • Australian Mental Health Outcomes and Classification Network • Career Development Award – Preventing suicidal behaviours – Ecological studies of systemic protective factors • Journalistic news values, and medical, health professional and lay discourses on suicide and mental illness • Evaluation of the Access to Allied Psychological Services Component of the Better Outcomes in Mental Health Care Program • Reducing Depression and Suicide amongst Older Australians: A Cluster Randomised Clinical Trial in Primary Health Care • Health Risk Screening of Adolescents in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial

66 Health Economics The Health Economics Work Stream had successes with two collaborative NHMRC project grants applications. The group will be responsible for the economic evaluation component for each project. Details of these and other new research activities funded this year are:

Title Funding body Chief Investigator(s) Description Funding

Multicentre NHMRC Helen Dewey, Julie The Health Economics $2,820,228 randomised Bernhardt, (National Group was controlled trial Stroke Research responsible for the of very early and Institute) Geoffrey economic evaluation frequent mobilisation Donnan Amanda component of this after stroke (AVERT) Thrift, (National Stroke project. Research Institute) Rob Carter

Maximising the NHMRC Ron Borland and The Health Economics $3600 effectiveness James Balmford Group was of interactive (Cancer Council). responsible for the automated programs Consultant: Marj economic evaluation for smoking Moodie component of this cessation project.

A cost and cost National Institute of Rob Carter. Other The project involves $18,960 effectiveness study Clinical Studies Investigators: Kiu- a review of relevant of the provision of siang Tay-Teo, literature which influenza vaccination Stephen Colgan, identifies and to people at risk Sophy Shih summarises any groups in the existing studies 18-64 years age on cost and cost group, who are not effectiveness for currently eligible influenza vaccination for the government in the risk population program group aged between 18-64 and estimating the cost of the disease burden of influenza and cost of vaccination for at risk groups aged 18-64 years.

Existing research activities carried over from previous years include: • Burden of Disease and a Cost-Effectiveness of Intervention Options: Informing Policy Choices and Health System Reform in Thailand. • Assessing Cost Effectiveness (ACE) in Prevention. • The Pacific OPIC Study: A Four Country Study of Obesity Prevention in Communities. • Australasian Cystic Fibrosis BAL Study: Economic Evaluation. • The Construction and Validation of the Assessment of Mental Health Related Quality of Life (PsyQoL) Instrument. • Career Development Award: Priority setting in population health: Past experience and future directions. • Referral of Newly Diagnosed Prostate and Colorectal Cancer Patients to a Telephone-based Support Program. • Assessing Cost Effectiveness (ACE) in Obesity. • Computer Alert to Increase Chlamydia Screening of High Risk Women in General Practice: An RCT. • Priority Setting in Aboriginal Health: Planning for the Prevention of Non-communicable diseases in Aboriginal and Torres Strait (Islander Communities. • Exploring the Economic Implications Arising from the Proposed National Coronary Heart Disease Initiative in General Practice. • The economics of Celiac Disease. • The economic impact of Occupational contact dermatitis. • Initial scoping and development of a work plan to investigate the economics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

67 Community International Association • Reviewer, Australian and Media Appearances activities for Suicide Prevention New Zealand Journal of Marj Moodie • Member, International Public Health • Media Intervention TV During 2006 CHPPE staff Association for Suicide Jane Pirkis Tonga news – 27 April continued to be active in Prevention • Member, Editorial Board, 2006 the wider community as • Executive Member, Crisis members of important Health Services Research Other • Reviewer, Australian and advisory committees, Association of Australia Jenni Livingston reviewers of potential articles and New Zealand New Zealand Journal of for a variety of referred Psychiatry • Evaluation Consultant • Member, Australian to Talkin’ Up Good journals and assessors of • Reviewer, Australian Psychological Society Air: Australian grant applications. e-Journal for the • Board Member, Suicide Indigenous Tobacco Advancement of Mental Committee Prevention Australia Control Resource Kit Health Memberships • Member, Local Scientific development through Program Committee, Jenni Livingston • Reviewer, Australian Centre for Excellence World Psychiatric Journal of Primary Health in Indigenous Tobacco • Member, Drinkwise Association Congress • Reviewer, BMC Control Australia Research • Member, School of Psychiatry • Evaluation Consultant Advisory Committee Population Health • Member, Austin Health • Reviewer, Crisis to Centre for Rheumatic Research Committee Diseases Orthopaedic Human Research • Reviewer, Journal of • Member, School of Waiting List Pilot Ethics Committee (until Population Health Affective Disorders September 2006) Communications • Reviewer, Mass Conferences and Rosemary McKenzie Committee Communication and public presentations • Member, School of Society • Member, Evaluation International Working Group of the Population Health IT • Reviewer, New Zealand Conferences National Prescribing Committee Medical Journal Lee A, Colgan S, Carter Service Referee and Assessor • Reviewer, Psychological R and Nixon R. (2006). Lucio Naccarella Medicine Services for Grant Evaluation of the economic • Health Service Research Applications and • Reviewer, Social impact of OCD. Berlin: 8th Association of Australia & Journals Psychiatry and Congress of the European New Zealand (HSRAANZ) Grant Bodies Psychiatric Epidemiology Society of Contact • EVALTALK - American • Reviewer, Social Science Dermatitis. Evaluation Association Marj Moodie and Medicine Haby, M.M., Carter, R., (AEA) Discussion List. • Assessor, Heart Marj Moodie Markwick, A.J., Moodie, http://www.eval.org Foundation Grants-In-Aid ., Magnus, A., Vos, T., • Reviewer, International M • AAAGP participated in Swinburn, B. 2006, Findings Journals Journal of Paediatric AAAGP Annual Research from the Assessing Cost- David Dunt Obesity Meeting effectiveness in Obesity (ACE • Social Network Analysis • Member of the Editorial • Reviewer, ANZJPH Obesity) project, International Association Board Family Practice Lucio Naccarella Conference on Obesity, Jane Pirkis • Reviewer, Family Practice • Guest Editor, Australian Sydney, September 3-8 2006. • Chair, Suicide and the • Reviewer, BMC Family Journal of Primary health Magnus, A., Haby, M.M., Media Task Force, Practice – Special Issue Carter, R., Swinburn, B. 68 2006, ACE: Obesity: The RW. (2006). Australia’s National Conferences Dare A. 2006, Media cost-effectiveness of reduced experience with media Carter R., Colgan S., Monitoring Project 2006- television advertising of guidelines. 11th European & Nixon, R (2006). The 2007, Suicide Prevention high fat and/pr high sugar Symposium on Suicide and economic impact of Australia’s (SPA) National (non-core) food and drinks Suicidal Behaviour, Portoroz, Occupational Contact Conference, Connecting to Australian children, 9-12 September. Dermatitis in Australia. Pathways, Big Country – Big International Conference on Pirkis J, Burgess P, Blood Occupational Contact Picture, 2 November – 4 Obesity, Sydney, September RW, Francis C. (2006). The Dermatitis: Where are we November, Adelaide. 3-8 2007. ‘newsworthiness’ of suicides. now? Melbourne. Pirkis J, Burgess P, Blood Moodie, M., Carter, R., 11th European Symposium Dunt D, 2006. RW, Francis C. (2006). Haby, M., Swinburn, B. on Suicide and Suicidal National Evaluation of What proportion of suicides 2006, The potential cost- Behaviour, Portoroz, 9-12 the Commonwealth are reported in the media, effectiveness of Walking September. Government’s Dementia and what determines School Bus as an obesity Workshop presentation Health Priority Initiative, their ‘newsworthiness’? reduction measure, Queensland Suicide and Self- Taylor S, Hood, S. 2006, University of Tasmania, International Conference on harm Prevention Conference, The devil in the detail: August, Invited presentation. Obesity, Sydney, September Brisbane, 30-31 March. data extraction forms for Moller-Saxone K, Pirkis J, 3-8 2006. Workshop presentation systematic reviews of Tobias G. 2006. Successful Danchin, M., Carter, R., complex interventions, 14th quitting stories, The Mental Dunt D. 2006, Final report Carapetis, J.R. 2006, A Annual Cochrane Colloquium, Health Services Conference, of the statewide evaluation cost-effectiveness analysis October 2006, Dublin. Townsville 29 August – of Best Start (Victorian Early of the management of sore Poster presentations 1 September. childhood Development throat in children in Australia, Initiative) Department of Markwick, A.J., Moodie, Haby MM, Carter R, Paediatric Academic Human Services Melbourne. Markwick AJ, Moodie M, Societies (PAS), San M., Carter, R., Haby, M. Magnus A, Vos T, Swinburn Poster Presentation Francisco, USA. 2006, ACE: Obesity: The cost-effectiveness of two B. 2006. Modelling cost- Kave C, De Courten M, Moodie M, Haby M, single component school- effectiveness ad population Moodie M, Swinburn Swinburn B, Markwick A, based interventions to impacts: the Assessing B, 2006. Digital versus Magnus A, Tay-Teo K, Sach reduce the prevalence of Cost-Effectiveness in Obesity paper entry for surveys: A T, Carter R, 2006. ACE- unhealthy weight in children (ACE-Obesity) project. comparison of data quality Obesity: Priority setting in Australia, International Invited paper, Community and preferences using a for obesity prevention. Conference on Obesity, Based Obesity Prevention quality of life instrument with European Health economics Sydney, September 3-8 ICO Satellite, Geelong, adolescents. 15th Annual Conference, Budapest, July 2006. Augustl. Meeting of the Australasian 2006. Hood S, Dunt D, Pirkis P, Faeamani G, Scragg Epidemiological Association, Pirkis J, Neal L. (2006). Phillips S, Taylor S 2006, R, Schaaf D, Moodie 18-19 September, The Australian legislation on Meta-analysis of systematic M. 2006, The Association University of Melbourne. suicide and the internet. reviews of complex between Obesity and De Courten M, Moodie M, Paper presented to the interventions: lessons / PedsQL Quality of Life Kave C, Swinburn B, 2006. 11th European Symposium insights from complex Measure in South Auckland Cost comparison of survey on Suicide and Suicidal interventions in heart failure, high school students. data collection methods for Behaviour, Portoroz, 9-12 14th Annual Cochrane Community Based Obesity large-scale youth survey: September. Colloquium, October 2006, Prevention ICO Satellite, paper versus handheld Pirkis J, Skehan J, Blood Dublin. Geelong, August. computer based. 15th Annual 69 Meeting of the Australasian integration in Australia: A Staff Department of General Epidemiological Association, multilevel analysis, Social Practice at The University of The CHPPE comprises 28 18-19 September, The Melbourne. Science in Medicine, vol. 63, full-time and part-time staff, University of Melbourne. pp. 680-690. consisting of 25 Academic Achievements Publication Kelaher, M., Dunt, D., staff and three professional • Lucio Naccarella and highlights Taylor-Thomson, D., staff. The Centre also Belinda Morley were Harrison, N., O’Donoghue, has three honorary staff awarded their PhDs; The Centre for Health Policy, L., Barnes, T. & Anderson, I. members. • Alan Headey was Programs and Economics 2006, Improving access to published 53 journal articles, Farewells awarded his Doctorate of medicines among clients or reports and conference Rob Carter has taken up Psychology (Health); papers including 25 peer Remote Area Aboriginal and an appointment at Deakin • Margaret Kelaher gave reviewed journal in 2006, Torres Strait Islander Health University as Inaugural birth to Max; and a selection of which are Services, Australian & New Chair in Health Economics • Shelby Williamson gave provided below. For details Zealand Journal of Public in the School of Health and birth to Will. of all CHPPE publications Health, vol. 30, pp. 177-183. Social Development. Other CHPPE Staff List please refer to the full Moodie, M., Cadilhac, D., members of his health * denotes part-time staff school report located in the Pearce, D., Mihalopoulos, economics group, including members 2006 Publications Report, C., Carter, R., Davis, Cathy Miholopoulos, Marj Head and Associate beginning page 89. S., Donnan, G. 2006, Moodie, Sophie Shih, Kiu- Professor Cadilhac, D.A., Moodie, Economic evaluation of siang Tay-Teo, Michael Otim David Dunt, MB BS Melb. M.L., Lalor, E.E., Bilnet, Australian Stroke Services: and Steve Colgan have also MAPrelim Latrobe PhD taken up positions at Deakin. L.E. & Donnan, G.A., A prospective multicentre Monash FFPHM 2006 Improving access to study comparing dedicated Belinda Morley has been Deputy Head and Associate evidence-based acute stroke stroke units with other care appointed the Obesity Professor services: Development modalities, Stroke, vol. 37, Research and Evaluation Robert Carter, BA Macq. and evaluation of a health pp. 2790-2795. Manager, at the Centre for MAdmSt ANU PhD Monash systems model to address Behavioural Research in GDipEpi&PopH ANU equity of access issues, Pirkis, J., Burgess, P., Cancer (CBRC, CCV), Alan Australian Health Review, vol. Francis, C., Blood, R.W., Headey has taken up a Associate Professor 30, no. 1, pp. 109-118. Jolley, D. 2006, The psychologist position with Jane Pirkis, BA Tas. MPsych Dunt, D., Elsworth, G., relationship between the Division of General Tas. MAppEpi ANU PhD Melb. Southern, D. Harris, C., media reporting of suicide Practice Northern Tasmania Senior Lecturer Potiriadis, M. & Young, D. and actual suicide, Social and Lucio Naccarella has *Steven Crowley, BAppSc 2006, Individual and area Science and Medicine, vol. been appointed Senior Curtin MSc York MBA factors associated with GP 62, pp.2874-2886. Research Fellow with the Monash GDipDietit Deakin 70 The Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics said farewell to members of the the Health Economics Group after Associate Professor Rob Carter took up an appointment as Inaugural Chair in Health Economics at Deakin University. Pictured at the farewell are (from left) Cathy Mihalopoulos, Marj Moodie, Kiu Tay- Teo, Michael Otim, Rob Carter, David Dunt and Jane Pirkis.

Lecturers Research Fellows Monash GDipEc Newcastle, Honorary Appointments *Helen Jordan, BSc *Stephen Colgan, BNurs PGDipHlthEc&Evln Monash Senior Fellow Melb. GDipEd Melb. Deakin *Ting Fang Shih, BS CMC Michelle Haby de Sosa, GDipEpi&Biostat Melb. *Peter Feldman, BA Tas. Taiwan MPH Tulane USA BAppSc S.Aust. MAppSc *Jennifer Livingston, BSc *Alan Headey, BA Qld. DrPH Melb. Syd. PhD Syd. Melb. MEd Melb. DipEd Melb. *Fay Kohn, MA Deakin *Theonie Tacticos, BBus Fellows DED Melb. DipPT Deakin Monash GDipCommDevt Senior Research Fellows Sonja Hood, BA Melb. MSc GDipTESOL Deakin RMIT *Grant Blashki, MB BS Penn. *Rosemary McKenzie, *Kui-siang Tay-Teo, BPharm Monash MD Monash Penny Mitchell, BSc Psych BA Monash MPH Curtin Monash MPH(HlthEco) Melb. FRACGP RACGP NSW MPH Syd. PGDipHlthProm Curtin *Michelle Williamson, *Andrew Dalton, BEc Monash Marjorie Moodie, BA Melb. BHlthSc LaTrobe Professional Staff MEc Monash DipEd Monash DPH Melb. DipEd Melb. Centre Manager GDipHEcEval Monash NHMRC Postdoctoral DipTRP Melb. *Tracey Mayhew Margaret Kelaher, *Belinda Morley, BA Monash Research Fellow BSc(Psych) NSW PhD NSW *Lucio Naccarella, BSc Adel. Cathy Segan, BA Melb. PhD Administrative Officer *Catherine Mihalopoulos, GDipMHS(Transcult) Melb. LaTrobe *Joy Yeadon. BBSc GDipEcSt *Michael Otim, BSc Makerere Research Assistants Administrative Assistant PGDipHlthEc&Eval Monash Uni. Uganda MEcon Bree Rankin, BCom Melb. *Elizabeth Gwynne 71

CIMH Centre for International Mental Health School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006

73 The Centre for International Mental Health (CIMH) is dedicated to research, teaching, and policy and service development in the field of mental health, in Australia and internationally. The two broad areas of activity are capacity development for mental health in low-income and post-conflict societies, and development of culturally appropriate mental health services for Director of multicultural societies. the Centre for International Mental Health: Associate Professor Harry Minas. “Our key motivation is to improve the quality of mental health care for people in Asia and in other regions.”

Overview Learning and Claire Steiner – “it’s students participating in the a lifestyle choice to week long subject. The Centre was reviewed teaching work on a cat team”: in 2006. The Review Panel The following non-award During 2006 the following An investigation into made a strong overarching courses were offered students completed their organizational processes commendation and tribute during 2006: study at the CIMH: in a mental health to the achievements of the iMHLP–International PhD team and responses to Centre for International cultural diversity among Mental Health Ahmed Munib – the Mental Health. their clients. Leadership Program “The Review Panel effects of immigration and resettlement on the Michelle Foong – iMHLP commenced in 2001 commends highly the and is a leadership training mental health of South- profile of needs in a work done by CIMH and program and a global Asian communities in new community mental its Director, particularly in network of mental health Melbourne. health service in Kuala the post December 2004 Lumpur. professionals committed tsunami activities in Sri Masters MIMH – Master of to mental health system Lanka and Indonesia and development. One of the Anita Gupta – cross- International Mental in the International Mental cultural competencies in key benefits of participation Health Health Leadership Program. practicing psychologists in the program is the These achievements have This postgraduate degree opportunity to engage with Advanced Medical received international program is a response the issues and people at recognition as unique and Sciences (AMS) to the global need for the forefront of international valuable … outstanding Research Projects strengthened capacity in mental health today. The work, which brings Nik Isahak – they mental health policy, service iMHLP is a global network recognition and credit come to CCT for development and health of Fellows, alumni and to the Faculty of MDHS a life intervention: systems research. The international faculty in and the University of organizational processes program has been running dialogue and collaborating Melbourne …” in a mental health for four years and has been on mental health reform During 2006 the Centre service continuing care offered to students both across diverse societies. The internationally and locally. played a key role in team and relationship network of iMHLP Fellows In 2006 three students translating post-tsunami with responsiveness to and mentors is strong in East enrolled in the MIMH. relief efforts into longer- cultural diversity. Asia and the Pacific. In 2006 One of the students, from the iMHLP course was run term mental health system Jane Carter – knowing Samoa, had been a fellow during September and 12 development programs in the “middle bit”: an in a previous iMHLP. There fellows from Vietnam, Japan, Aceh, Indonesia, and in Sri exploration of the has also been an increase Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Samoa Lanka. Funding from World organizational dynamics in the number of students participated in the course. Vision Australia has enabled and responsiveness to enrolling in single subjects substantial mental health ausMHLP–Australian cultural diversity of a – most of these students development projects to be psychiatric inpatient unit. are enrolled in the MPH Mental Health undertaken. Maggie Chua – what is course. The Global Mental Leadership Program The Centre Director, Harry the interplay between Health Development subject A one-year unrestricted Minas, was appointed by the organisational dynamics has seen an increase in educational grant of Director-General of the World and responsiveness popularity and in 2006 the $A250,000 was obtained Health Organisation to the to cultural diversity in course had an enrolement from Eli Lilly Australia WHO Expert Advisory Panel a mobile support and of eight MPH students as allowing the successful on Mental Health. treatment service? well as MIMH and iMHLP delivery of a second year 74 Publication highlight Western medical knowledge to develop their own labels for mental disorders. Folk concepts of mental disorders among Chinese- Among our conclusions was that educational Australian patients and their caregivers. Hsiao programs to introduce Chinese immigrants FH, Klimidis S, Minas HI, Tan ES. Department of to psychiatric services could be made more Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, effective if the designers took into account China. Chinese understanding of mental illness. This project continues the Centre’s long- The implications of this study, however, are standing commitment to improving the capacity even broader in terms of the way all clinicians of Australian health services to respond approach their treatment of patients across appropriately to diversity within the general the culturally diverse, general population. Put population. simply, effective relationships between clinicians It examines how social and cultural knowledge and their patients rely on the development of a about mental illness influences the way Chinese- common language to address health problems, Australian patients and caregivers understand be they mental or physical. and explain patients’ problems. The research suggests that a greater sensitivity We knew previously that patients and their to the variety of beliefs on health and illness caregivers often did not consider mental health held across the community is needed to inform problems to be mental illness and therefore were undergraduate health training, continuing not inclined to use Western mental health services. professional education for clinicians and the way A key finding of our project was that Chinese- health policy and services are designed. Australians combined traditional knowledge with For more publication highlights, see page 76.

(2006-07) of the Australian Community a diverse range of staff and 2 Social determinants of Mental Health Leadership activities students across faculties and mental health, and social Program (ausMHLP) from a vibrant cross-section context for mental health following a well received Harry Minas continued of private and public sector system development. pilot in 2005-06. ausMHLP to make a contribution to organisations and community 3 Mental health system is offered as a nine-month, the reform of Australia’s groups. research. immigration detention part-time professional Seminars College of Community system through membership development program to Physicians of Sri Lanka of the Ministerial advisory Seminars in 2006 included: early career psychiatrists and Conference, Colombo, Sri committee, the Immigration senior psychiatry trainees Peace, Conflict & Lanka, 28 October 2006, Detention Advisory Group, engaged in full-time work Development: An Emerging Mental Health: A Public and through being invited in Australia. It comprises a Paradigm for Development Health Perspective. by the Department of mix of seminars, interactive Workers, presented by Steve Immigration to chair the Indonesian Association of workshops, social events Darvill, Humanitarian/Peace- newly established Detention Conflict Adviser, AusAID. Psychiatrists Schizophrenia and project work and aims Health Advisory Group. Congress, Batam, Indonesia, to engender a cohort of “Depression” or “Thinking 18 November 2006, Mental Australian psychiatrists Key Achievements too much”? Concepts of Health Leadership in mental illness in the Somali better able to lead mental Agreement with Biomed Changing World. community in Melbourne, health debate and change Central to launch a new presented by Dr Marion Invited Lectures in the future. The program journal in 2007 – The Bailes. Indonesian Association of is a modification of the International Journal of International Mental Health Developments in mental Psychiatrists Schizophrenia Mental Health Systems. Congress, Batam, Indonesia, Leadership Program and health in Cambodia, 18 November 2006, The is run in collaboration with Conferences and presented by Dr Chhit importance of mental health Barwon Health, the Brain Sophal, Cambodia. public presentations policy research in improving and Mind Institute (University In 2006 the Centre for Mental Health Development quality of life of people with of Sydney), the Queensland International Mental Health, Issues in Sri Lanka, schizophrenia. Centre for Mental Health School of Population Health, presented by Dr Chandanie Philippine Psychiatric Research (University of held seminars on a regular Hewage and Dr Jayan Association. 32nd Annual Queensland) and the basis with distinguished Mendis, Sri Lanka. Convention, Manila, 24 Department of Psychiatry guest speakers from Keynote Addresses January 2006, Reformations (University of Melbourne). Australia and abroad. Taiwan Public Health and Transformations of The International Mental Research Association Conference, Taipei, Mental Hospitals from a Health Seminar Series help Taiwan, 19 October 2006, Global Perspective. Centre staff are collaborating to keep staff, students Mental health system reform in with colleagues from Victoria and the interested public Official launch of WHO/ Australia: La lotta continua. University in a major new informed about current AISRAP Collaborating Centre program of research issues and research in the Pacific-Rim Mental Health for Research and Training in ($5.65 million over five area of international and Policy Workshop, College of Suicide Prevention, Griffith years) – D2West: Diversity transcultural mental health Medicine, National Taiwan University, 2 March 2006, and diabetes in the Western and related fields, with a University, Taipei and Hualien, The Centre for International Suburbs of Melbourne. special theme for 2006 on Taiwan, 5 October 2006: Mental Health. The focus of the CIMH health, peace and conflict. 1 Leadership for Seoul International Mental contribution to this work is Seminars have been mental health system Health Conference, Seoul, on depression and diabetes. extremely well attended by development. South Korea, 21-22 March 75 Associate Professor Harry Minas (third from right), in Lhok Nga, Banda Aceh, with staff of the psychiatric hospital.

2006, The role of mental is shaped by traditional Outcomes initiative appear Staff health professionals in cultural values helps nurses to be modest in relation Associate Professor and response to disaster: communicate empathy in a to minority patients with Director Experiences from the culturally sensitive manner mental disorders, and Harry Minas, MB BS tsunami, Aceh, Indonesia. to facilitate the therapeutic the program may require Melbourne BMedSc relationship and clinical Conference Papers additional strategies for Melbourne DPM Melbourne outcomes. its application to minority 41st RANZCP Congress, FRANZCP Mental health research, communities, especially Perth, 28 May 2006: Associate Professor and ethics and multiculturalism. for patient engagement in Research Co-Ordinator 1 The need for leadership Bailes MJ, Minas IH, mental health assessment Steven Klimidis B.Sc(Hons) capacity building in the Klimidis S. Centre for and treatment. Monash Ph.D (ClinPsy) Australian mental health International Mental Health, A comparative study of MAPS ANU workforce. School of Population Health, sertraline dosages, plasma 2 A proposal for a College University of Melbourne. Research Fellows Advanced Training concentrations, efficacy and Tania Miletic BA Melbourne In this paper we examine Stream in leadership and adverse reactions in Chinese GDipPsych Melbourne M. ethical issues relevant to management. versus Caucasian patients. Pub. Admin. ICU Tokyo conducting mental health Hong Ng C, Norman TR, Kate Johnston-Ata’ata, The Mental Health Service research with refugees and Naing KO, Schweitzer I, BA BComm Melbourne B Conference, 29 August immigrant communities that Kong Wai Ho B, Fan A, Asian Studies ANU M Pub 2006, Klimidis S, Minas H, have cultural orientations Sundram S, Stol Y, Carter Klimidis S. Department of Pol GRIPS (Japan) and social organisation that Psychiatry, University of J, Sahat N, Steiner C, Chua are substantially different MIMH Melbourne (in Melbourne, The Melbourne M, Kokanovic R, Adaptation to those of the broader progress) Clinic and St Vincent’s of organisational processes Australian community, and Centre Manager and Mental Health Service, in mental health services to we relate these issues to Personal Assistant Richmond. cultural diversity. NH&MRC Guidelines. Jennifer Burchill, BA VU This prospective six- Publication Ethnic minority community Administration week study examined highlights patients and the Better *Leanne Perry BA (Hons) Outcomes in Mental Health the differences in dosage Leeds (UK) For a full list of publications, and steady state plasma Care initiative. Klimidis Honorary Staff see the 2006 Publications concentrations of sertraline S, Minas H, Kokanovic Alex Cohen MA CUNY/ Report, page 89. in Chinese versus R. Centre for International Hunter PhD UCLA Caucasian depressed Cultural attribution of mental Mental Health, School of Ricki E Kantrowitz BA health suffering in Chinese Population Health, The patients. Sertraline was Simmons MA PhD Michigan societies: the views of University of Melbourne effective and well tolerated State University Chinese patients with mental and Victorian Transcultural in both ethnic groups A/Prof Vikram Patel MBBS illness and their caregivers. Psychiatry, St Vincent’s with few adverse events. Mumbai MSc Oxford PhD Hsiao FH, Klimidis S, Hospital Melbourne. Although there was a lack of London MRCPsych London Minas H, Tan ES. College of This study compared difference between groups Erminia Colucci, DipEd Martina Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, general practitioners in the pharmacokinetic F. BPsySc (Hons) Padua Taipei Medical University, registered under the results, Chinese depressed GradDipDataAnalysis Florence Taiwan. Better Outcomes in Mental patients appeared to Anura Jayasinghe MBBS Sri The results of this study Health Care initiative and require lower dosages with Lanka MSc Colombo MD contribute to essential those not registered, in consequently lower plasma Colombo knowledge for culturally addressing mental disorders concentrations of sertraline Yutaro Setoya, BA Tokyo MA appropriate nursing in members of ethnic compared to Caucasian Tokyo PhD Tokyo practices. An understanding minority communities. patients to achieve clinical Yvonne Stolk BA MA PhD of patient suffering that The impacts of the Better efficacy. Melbourne 76 SHU Sexual Health Unit School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The University of Melbourne’s Sexual Health Unit (SHU) is situated at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) which is also a division of the Bayside Health Network. The vision of the MSHC is to be a leader in the management and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and its mission is to maximise sexual health through innovation and excellence in public health, education, clinical care Director of the and research. Sexual Health Unit: Professor Christopher Fairley. “Our Centre helps to improve STI control by delivering services in innovative, highly efficient ways.”

Overview MSHC Statistics The Centre has continued to provide high quality care for 2006 SERVICES AND CONSULTATIONS clients, with a total of 26,718 (the number of consultations by type of service) consultations and 11,580 Clinic Type Total Male Female Transgender new clients being registered General Clinic 22,695 12,739 9,939 17 in 2006. The walk-in triage system remains a rapid HIV Clinic 1,813 1,610 198 5 catalyst for treating more Outreach 485 393 86 6 symptomatic clients than the past appointment system, Counselling 1,028 768 259 1 with 90 percent of clients Vaccination 697 502 195 - been seen by a triage nurse Total 26,718 16,012 10,677 29 in less than 20 minutes and by a practitioner within one Individuals 11,580 7,111 4,455 14 hour. Diagnoses health subjects as part of One of its key roles is to their masters degree. These support health care providers (The numbers of the most frequently made diagnoses in consultations) subjects have become (e.g. General Practitioners) increasingly popular and as a in diagnosing and treating Diagnoses Total result of this, from 2008 there STIs. MSHC provides Chlamydia trachomatis 768 will be a formal Sexual Health extensive support to GPs Stream within the Masters of through various means such Neisseria gonorrhoeae 262 Public Health. This will enable as extensive web page and Nongonococcal urethritis 774 students to pursue research 1800 009 903 telephone Herpes simplex virus 663 projects in Sexual Health as number directly to a sexual part of their MPH programme. health physician. The MSHC Syphilis 51 Post Graduate website (www.mshc.org.au), Bacterial vaginosis 496 which is frequently updated, Certificate of Public provides a variety of sexual Warts 1570 Health (Sexual Health) health education and other Human immunodeficiency virus (new cases) 32* This course continues useful information for both HIV post exposure prophylaxis 139 to attract students from healthcare professionals and a variety of professional the general population. Post coital intervention 88 backgrounds. The PG Learning and Trichomoniasis in women 10 Certificate has become a Teaching * includes 2 females valued qualification for both nurses and doctors wanting The Centre has continued to a number of postgraduate that improves the quality to specialise in sexual health. maintain strong research and courses, postgraduate of sexual health services • Semester 1 – Control of education activities through subjects and short courses outside the Centre. The University of Melbourne’s in sexual health. These Sexually Transmissible Master of Public Health School of Population Health. have been well-attended Infections 505-431/531. In collaboration with the and will provide the (MPH) • Semester 1 - Sexually School of Population Health Victorian community with Many students undertaking Transmissible Infections the Centre has developed a highly trained workforce the MPH select sexual 505-432/532. 78 Publication highlight client brochure and a partner letter for clients (index case) to pass on to their exposed sexual partners. Tomnay JE, Gebert R, Fairley CK. A survey of partner Our survey found that GPs most commonly test notification practices among general practitioners and patients for chlamydia when signs and symptoms their use of an Internet resource for partner notification are present, patients report an infected partner or for Chlamydia trachomatis. 2006; Sexual Health. 3(4): when the patient requests a test. 217-220 Women aged under 25 were infrequently tested. This research continues the Sexual Health Unit’s Our study identified that GPs expected patients commitment to supporting general practitioners in to be responsible for notifying their sexual partners their role of treating sexually transmitted infections and GPs did not commonly use pre-printed partner by providing them with appropriate, easily letters and brochures. accessible information. GPs reported that if they received more support, We surveyed Victorian GPs to determine: they could improve partner notification. • in what circumstances do they offer chlamydia When the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (where testing to patients? the SHU is located) responded to the results of • what are their attitudes to contact tracing? this survey by providing a website that offered • how often do they use pre-printed partner appropriate information, up to 25% of GPs involved notification letters and brochures? in this study used it. As a result of this study an • and what proportion can immediately access the extensive website to assist GPs with partner Internet in their consulting rooms? notification has been developed (www. mshc.org. As well, we assessed whether GPs would use a au/gpassist). website that provided treatment guidelines, a printable For more publication highlights, see below.

• Semester 1 – Clinical Research Using computers to improve (WHO), UNICEF & UNFPA. Sexual and Reproductive sexual history. Robin Manila, Philippines. March The research projects of Health for nurses 505- Tideman, PhD. 2006. higher degree candidates 434/534. This subject is enrolled through the School An investigation of also accredited by Royal Publication of Population Health are interventions aimed at college of Nursing as highlights aimed at enhancing the enhancing sexual satisfaction a pap smear provider services and promotion in women. Richard Hayes, For a full list of publications, course. of sexual health offered at PhD. see the 2006 Publications Report, page 89. • Semester 1 – Adolescent MSHC. Chlamydia incidence and re- Sexuality and Sexual Chlamydia is the most Postgraduate Courses infection rates: a longitudinal Health 571-821. study of young Australian common notified sexually This subject is run Completed women. Jennifer Walker, transmitted infection (STI) collaboratively with the Recurrence rate of Bacterial PhD. and because the symptoms Centre for Adolescent Vaginosis (BV) after treatment The screening and control are so mild, infections Health, Dept of with metronidazole over a of Chlamydia. Jade Bilardi, often remain undetected. Paediatrics, University of 12 month period. Catriona PhD. Effective control strategies Melbourne. Bradshaw, PhD. include improving partner A look at two opposing STI notification and screening of • Semester 2 – Sexual & Efficacy of current strategies trends in Australia: Increasing at risk populations. MSHC Reproductive Health – and the role of newer HIV and decreasing has continued to address 505-433/533. technology in partner Trichomonas vaginalis. John these issues with innovative • Semester 2 – notification. Jane Tomnay, Marrone, DPH. research as shown in the list Sexual Function and PhD. More than just anal sex: the of publications below. Dysfunction-505-41/541. Screening programs for men potential for STI transmission Tideman RL, Pitts MK, • Short course series on who have sex with men (MSM) among men visiting sex Fairley CK. Client many different aspects in male-only saunas and a on premises venues in acceptability of the use of relating to STIs and specialist clinic in Melbourne. Melbourne. Chee Wun computers in a sexual health clinical attachments at Nicky Lister, PhD. Phang, Advanced Medical clinic. International Journal MSHC are also offered. An analysis of Australian Student (AMS). of STD & AIDS. 2006; 17: Undergraduate Teaching chlamydia notification and Invited 121-123 testing data. Kathleen • Semester 5 – public Presentations In the past decade there McNamee, MPH. has been an increase in health control of STIs. 1 Chlamydia screening In progress the use of mobile phones, • Semester 8 – clinical policy. Centre for including SMS, the internet HIV/AIDS prevention and aspects of STIs. Infectious Diseases & and email. In view of this, a management. Moshin Sidat, • Semesters 6 and 7 Microbiology (CIDM) - number of studies have PhD (submitted). – Advanced Medical Public Health Symposium been undertaken to Science (AMS) – clinical Development of Series 2006. Westmead determine the use and research projects. questionnaire to provide Hospital, Sydney, acceptability of these the greatest sensitivity and Australia. 2006. • Clinical attachments to applications in sexual health specificity in detecting non- Melbourne Sexual Health 2 Workshop on Accelerating services. These include adherence to antiretroviral Centre. Action for Improving the computer-assisted self therapy used in the Sexual and Reproductive interview of sexual history management of HIV. Asiye Health of Young People – which was found to be a Doxanakis, MPH. World Health Organization practical and constructive 79 approach to streamlining Research Grants Bowden F, Donovan B, Staff List clinical services. Chen M, Kaldor J, Gunn 1 McCarthy TD, Chatsuwan Professor of Sexual Health J, Pirotta M, Harindra V, Bradshaw CS, Tabrizi SN, T, Cook IRC, Cooper DA, Christopher Fairley Gurrin L, Tabrizi S, Garland Read TR, Garland SM, Denham I, Evans SKG, S, McNamee K, Birden Senior Lecturer Hopkins CA, Moss LM, Fairley CK, Heerey G, H. Chlamydia incidence Hennie Williams Fairley CK. Etiologies of Holmes WR, Kaldor JM and re-infection rates: Post Doctoral Research nongonococcal urethritis: et al. Microbicide Design a longitudinal study of Fellows bacteria, viruses, and the & Development Teams. young Australian women. Jane Hocking, PhD (NHMRC) association with orogenital Department of Health and Chlamydia Pilot Program: Marcus Chen, MBBS Melb, exposure. Journal of Human Services, Public Targeted Grants Program DTM&H Lond, DipVen Infectious Diseases. 2006; Health Service, National 2006. $833,714 Monash, PhD Syd, MRCP UK 193(3):336-45 Institutes of Health & FAChSHM (NHMRC) A case-control study of men Proposal Summary 5 Chen MY, Garland SM, Marie Pirotta, MBBS Melb, with and without symptoms and Data Record (NIH- Fairley CK, Tabrizi S, PhD (NHMRC) of nongonococcal urethritis NIAID-DAIDS-04-04) - Wallace E. Grover S, (NGU) was conducted $27,607,753. Phase I & II Petersen R, Hocking J, Students and sexual practices were Clinical and Supporting Pirotta M, Carter R, Gurrin Moshin Sidat, PhD student measured by questionnaire. Program for VivaGelTM. L. Chlamydia screening Robin Tideman, PhD student Chlamydia trachomatis (20%), $1,000,000 of antenatal women in (Doctor) Melbourne. Chlamydia Jennifer Walker, PhD student Mycoplasma. genitalium 2 Fairley CK, Donovan Pilot Program: Targeted Jade Bilardi, PhD student (9%), adenoviruses (4%), B, Harcourt C, Tabrizi Grants Program 2006. Rebecca Guy, PhD student and Herpes simplex virus S, Garland S, Hoban $138,381 John Marrone, DPH student type 1 (HSV-1) (2%) were E, Cook K, Chen M. more common in the cases Health needs and sexual 6 Fairley CK, Parker R, with NGU (n=329). Infection health knowledge in the Bowden F, Temple-Smith with adenoviruses or HSV-1 unregulated sector of the M, Hocking J, Chen M, was associated with distinct Victorian sex Industry. Tomnay J, Russell D, Gunn clinical features, oral sex, DHS Public Health J, Pitts M, Cummings and male partners, whereas Research Grant 2006. R. Improved Chlamydia infection with M. genitalium $97,032 contact tracing by or C. trachomatis was optimising cost effective associated with unprotected 3 Sanci L, Chen M, Sawyer S, Mazza D, Hocking and sustainable supports. vaginal sex. Oral sex was Chlamydia Pilot Program: associated with NGU in J, Willis M, Henning D, Fairley CK. Development Targeted Grants Program which no pathogen was 2006. $229,428 detected. Adenoviruses and and testing of a tool to HSV-1 were identified as identify youth at risk significant causes of NGU of sexually transmitted with distinct clinical and infections in primary behavioral characteristics and care. DHS Public Health highlighted the association Research Grant 2006. between insertive oral sex $91,625 and NGU. 4 Hocking J, Fairley CK, 80 DVDC Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006

81 The Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre (DVDC) is a joint initiative of the Australian Government’s National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New York- based Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF). Administratively based within the School of Population Health at the University of Melbourne, this $10 million CEO of the initiative, which commenced in mid-2003, is Diabetes Vaccine Development part of a global coordinated effort to develop a Centre, Dr David vaccine to prevent the development of type 1 Irving. diabetes. “(The) ultimate aim is to produce that product and see it on the shelf. You must keep focused on that endgame.”

Overview human volunteers over the peptide-based vaccine and intranasal insulin trial (INIT past several years have been being developed through II), which originated at the Type 1 diabetes, also known sufficiently encouraging for investigators in the UK was Walter and Eliza Hall Institute as juvenile or early onset there to be a real hope that it also supported by DVDC of Medical Research, diabetes, is one of the may be possible to prevent through 2006. Melbourne, is DVDC’s most most costly and chronic the development of type 1 advanced project. This of childhood diseases. It On the operational side of diabetes. For example, involves a large Phase II is an autoimmune disease the ledger, DVDC underwent therapies analogous to clinical trial to test the impact in which the body’s own an exhaustive externally vaccination programs of delivering insulin via an immune system attacks and managed Administrative traditionally used to prevent intranasal route to individuals destroys insulin-producing Review, as had been the development of a number identified as being at risk of beta cells in the pancreas. recommended following a of infectious diseases have technical review the previous developing type 1 diabetes. The end result is a lack of been proposed. year. The outcome of the The second (PI Peptide insulin in the body. Without Administrative Review was Vaccine) is an approach the hormone insulin, the DVDC’s mission is to identify that DVDC should move out proposed by investigators cells of the body are unable the leading prospects for of the university environment at the University of Bristol to use glucose resulting type 1 diabetes vaccines to a more focused location and King’s College, London, in increases in blood and to facilitate their such as that provided UK. This is a Phase I safety glucose concentration and development through early by a medical research and immunogenicity study. concomitant significant stages of clinical trialling such that data generated is institute with a research and Following review, other disease development to development philosophy projects were also deemed many of the body’s organs. sufficiently robust to attract the attention of partners more closely aligned with appropriate for DVDC to To stay alive, people with experienced in the large that of DVDC. Towards the support during 2006. These type 1 diabetes must test scale development and end of 2006, a short-list of are earlier stage projects and their blood sugar levels marketing of vaccines for three such research institutes will be described in more and take multiple injections subsequent sale. had been identified, again detail following completion of of insulin daily. Even with with input from facilitators experiments required to be insulin, this form of diabetes DVDC bridges the gap external to DVDC. Thus, undertaken prior to testing usually results in a drastic between research and DVDC’s association with the the respective compounds reduction in quality of life commercial product School of Population Health proposed as type 1 diabetes and shortens the average life development. was drawing to a close by vaccines in clinical trials the end of 2006. span. During 2006, DVDC initiated (post 2006). An estimated 140,000 people an Australia-wide Phase Scientific Program (i) INIT II in Australia have type 1 II clinical trial (INIT II) of a During 2006, DVDC The principal investigators diabetes. The International new preventative treatment consolidated its scientific for INIT II are Prof. Len Diabetes Federation for type 1 diabetes for program that had been Harrison (Walter and Eliza estimates that there are 16 young people at risk of established during 2004/5 Hall Institute of Medical million people with type 1 developing type 1 diabetes. following extensive Research) and Dr Peter diabetes worldwide. If successful, this treatment global searches for Colman (Royal Melbourne Experimental treatments could prevent type 1 projects applicable to Hospital). Provisional aimed at modulating the diabetes and thus the need DVDC’s mission and their approval to commence the immune system in laboratory for daily insulin injections. subsequent reviews by high- trial was received from the animal models along with An earlier stage (Phase I) ranking experts in the fields Royal Melbourne Hospital some preliminary clinical study aimed at determining of diabetes, immunology and Ethics Committee in trials in small numbers of the safety profile of a novel vaccine development. The December 2005, with formal 82 Publication highlight activator (uPA), was a critical marker of invasion and metastasis, had strong prognostic relevance, Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6(1):203–11 and was thus a potential therapeutic target. Preclinical evaluation of 213Bi-labeled plasminogen Experimental data published to date had established activator inhibitor type 2 in an orthotopic murine the proof-of-principle of uPA targeting by 213Bi- xenogenic model of human breast carcinoma labeled plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 Tamantha K. Stutchbury, Fares Al-ejeh, Gillian E. (a-PAI-2) in multiple carcinoma models. Stillfried, David R. Croucher, John Andrews, David Irving, Matthew Links and Marie Ranson In these studies we established that a-PAI-2 was safe in animal systems and we determined the This paper reports internationally significant maximum tolerated dose (MTD). advances in the development of a potential therapy The MTD for a multiple fractionated (once daily for that could more effectively treat tumours by 5 days) administration schedule was determined to targeting cancerous cells and minimising collateral lie between 4.8 and 6.0 mCi/kg/d x 5. Comparison of damage. the tumour growth rates and survival using sub-MTD These preclinical studies of toxicology and efficacy single and multiple-dose schedules in an orthotopic focused on the use of the molecule PAI-2 as a human breast carcinoma xenograft murine model targeting agent that was linked to a radioactive indicated that 4.8 mCi/kg/d x 5 was the most compound which then killed cancer cells in mice. efficacious schedule. Previously, it was known that the tumour- The next step is to evaluate the safety of a-PAI-2 in associated molecule, urokinase plasminogen a second species and to begin human clinical trials.

approval to commence will test the efficacy and 30 years; and have a positive The trial is taking place at a received in early 2006. assist in finding a suitable blood test for antibodies number of centres across Following development and dose range in a larger against antigens expressed Australia and New Zealand. refinement of operational population. by their pancreatic beta cells By the end of 2006, the procedures, establishment Recruitment for INIT II is (autoantigens). following centres had agreed of a call-centre for ongoing and it is hoped Genes play a significant role to participate in the trial: Mater recruitment and formulation that 300 children and young in type 1 diabetes. People Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, and manufacture of the adults will take part in the with a close family member Royal Women’s Hospital, experimental ‘vaccine’ trial. The participants will be with type 1 diabetes have a Adelaide, Princess Margaret during 2006 (under contract identified by screening over 10-15 times greater risk of Hospital, Perth, Royal and according to the code 20,000 people aged between developing the disease than Melbourne Hospital, Auckland of good manufacturing four and 30 who have a those without. The immune City Hospital, New Zealand practice – GMP), the study blood relative suffering damage to the beta cells that and Christchurch Hospital, was officially launched by the from type 1 diabetes. The results in type 1 diabetes New Zealand. A further three Federal Health Minister, Mr screening process will select is thought to begin months hospitals based in Sydney Tony Abbott, in December patients who are considered to years before the lack of and Canberra are expected to 2006. to be at high risk of insulin causes symptoms. become active trial sites in the INIT II is a multi-centre, developing type 1 diabetes In order to find approximately coming months. due to the presence of two randomised, double-blind, 300 high-risk participants for For more information on or more specific antibodies in placebo controlled trial the trial, over 20,000 first and the trial and to establish their bloodstream. which will determine whether second-degree relatives of eligibility an INIT II Call intranasal administration Patients taking part in the people with type 1 diabetes Centre managed by Diabetes of insulin to children and trial will self-administer need to be screened Australia – Victoria has young adults at risk of type 1 the insulin solution or for antibodies against been established and is diabetes will delay or prevent placebo using a nasal spray components of their beta operational on the toll-free the onset of type 1 diabetes. every morning for seven cells. This is because only number: 1300 138 712. consecutive days and There is significant about two percent of family then once a week for 12 (ii) PI Peptide Vaccine evidence suggesting members will have a high months. The patients will be Trial that the administration enough risk of diabetes to be monitored for a further four of intranasal insulin can eligible to enter the trial. This study involves the years after completing the induce protective immunity, The Staging Phase will administration of T cell 12-month trial. thus acting as a vaccine commence if a participant binding peptides that have against type 1 diabetes. This Eligibility to participate in is found to have antibodies been implicated in the immunotherapy approach this trial to a number of beta cell onset of type 1 diabetes. has shown promise in both A person will be eligible autoantigens. The small T cell assays are then used preclinical and early stage to enter the trial if they proportion of people who to monitor the outcome of clinical testing (INIT I). The have a first-degree relative are eligible for this phase the immunotherapy. The INIT I trial demonstrated an (mother or father, brother will receive further blood first phase of this project acceptable safety profile and or sister, son or daughter) tests to see how their body is a safety study using a an immune effect resulting or a second-degree relative handles glucose and how single peptide. Assuming from the administration of (grandmother or grandfather, much insulin they make. this proves to be safe and intranasal insulin in children aunt or uncle, niece or These tests will refine the generates an appropriate and young adults at risk of nephew, half-sister or half- level of risk which the immune response, other type 1 diabetes. Based on brother) with type 1 diabetes; person has of developing peptides are proposed to be that success the INIT II trial are aged between four and type 1 diabetes. used in combination. 83 DVDC CEO Dr David Irving and Dr Grace Wong, CSO and President of Actokine Therapeutics, at a recent international biotechnology congress held in Boston, Massachusetts.

The principal investigators completed both vaccine described in subsequent Dr Irving attended various for this trial are Dr Colin administration and a full reports. local and international Dayan (Bristol University) and six-month follow-up for meetings and conferences Dr Mark Peakman (King’s the lowest dose or were Teaching and through the reporting College, London). enrolled in the untreated Academic Activities period, including FOCIS Through 2005, a batch of arm. No serious adverse The Chief Executive Officer, 2006 (the Federation of peptide of suitable quality reactions were recorded in Dr David Irving, delivered the Clinical Immunological and quantity for testing any of the subjects. Some following lecture to students Societies) in San Francisco in humans was prepared preliminary immunological undertaking the University of in June 2006; BIO2006 and dispatched to the data, showing that there Melbourne’s Postgraduate in Chicago in April 2006, investigators in the UK. had been an apparent Diploma in Drug Evaluation and AusBiotech 2006, the Following further preclinical response to the vaccine & Pharmaceutical National Conference of the testing in a transgenic mouse in at least some of the Sciences: Semester II Australian biotechnology model, where the peptide subjects has been obtained. 2006: Pharmaceutics, industry, which was held in was shown to be non-toxic These data are being Biotechnology and Statistics Sydney in November 2006. followed up along with data and subsequent approval DNA Technology – Principles now being generated from Major of clinical trial protocols by and applications of the higher dose groups relevant ethics committees, recombinant DNA technology Collaborations that are participating in the first injections into patients for pharmaceutical production. As per Scientific Program study through 2007. commenced in February above 2006. All data from the study is Community and Staff The study design involves anticipated to be available Professional four cohorts of subjects for analysis towards the end Involvement Chief Executive Officer of 2007, when a decision David O. Irving, PhD, GAICD with long-standing type 1 Dr Irving has continued as diabetes. One group receives on future directions for this Centre Liaison Manager approach will be made. a Director of AusBiotech no injections while the Ltd (Australia’s national Mary Joy Gleeson (until others receive one of three (iii) Other Projects biotechnology industry June, 2006) increasing doses of peptide Other projects that DVDC organisation), being re- Executive Assistant delivered intradermally. has been either directly or elected to the Board in Sarah Thyssen (part-time Through 2006, 24 subjects indirectly involved in will be November 2005. casual from September 2006) 84 VIRG Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006 The Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group operates as a research collaboration with the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute with our staff based in the School of Population Health. Research focuses on clinical trials of new vaccines, mathematical modelling of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), the epidemiology of vaccine- Group Leader, preventable viral diseases, and the evaluation Professor Terry Nolan. of immunisation programs. VIRG contributes to the NHMRC National Capacity Building Program in Mathematical Modelling in Infectious Diseases, and works closely with the NHMRC Centre for Clinical Research Excellence in Immunisation (MCRI and University of Melbourne consortium).

Research meningococcal serogroup influenza pandemic (border Territory; and studies C and Y conjugate vaccine control, antivirals, social of the effectiveness Vaccine clinical trials in a total of 1220 infants. distancing including school of polysaccharide 1: Phase I clinical trial of a The purpose of this study closure), and established pneumococcal vaccine pandemic influenza (H5N1) is to provide data on the an historical database of and inactivated influenza candidate vaccine in 200 immunogenicity and safety clinical and other records vaccine in preventing healthy adults aged 18- of a primary vaccination from Australia, UK and hospital admissions due 45 years. The purpose of course with this new elsewhere in Europe and the to community-acquired this study is to identify a vaccine. US. (see http://influenza. pneumonia. vaccine that may prevent 4: Phase IV clinical trial sph.unimelb.edu.au). Models the spread of “bird” (or Major presentations of inactivated influenza have also been used to avian) flu in the event of Professor Terry Nolan: vaccine in 250 children, explore the 1918 ‘Spanish a human pandemic and Randomized, clinical trial of with a booster dose in flu’ pandemic to try to better to determine which of the safety and immunogenicity year 2 following a 2-dose understand the role of poor four different formulations of a prototype H5N1 primary course in the immunity and asymptomatic produces the best immune influenza vaccine in healthy previous year. infection. response. In 2006 we adults. Presented at (1) VIII conducted a third (booster) Mathematical modelling Epidemiologic research International Symposium for dose evaluation. The Mathematical modelling In collaboration with the Respiratory Viral Infections results of this study will be of the spread of infectious University of Queensland, March, 2006, Hawaii, integral to the production disease and possible our studies continue on USA, and (2) World Health of the vaccine that could epidemics is used to gain a community sample of Organisation Pandemic protect the Australian insights into potential public families looking at the Vaccines Review, Geneva, population in the event health interventions ranging incidence of common Switzerland. of a human influenza from vaccines to community and newly discovered Professor Terry Nolan: pandemic. interventions such as border respiratory viruses, including A novel Haemophilus 2: Phase II clinical trial of a control measures and school a novel human coronavirus, influenzae type b – pandemic influenza (H5N1) and business closures. bocavirus and human meningococcal serogroups candidate vaccine. This As part of an NHMRC- metapneumovirus. C and Y conjugate (Hib- study extended the Phase I MenCY-TT) vaccine funded national network Evaluation of trial to evaluate safety and for infectious disease induces persistent immune immunisation and immunogenicity (immune modelling (scientists from responses and immune response) with higher mathematics, medicine, screening programs memory. Presented at antigen doses (30 mcg public health and health This program of research the Pediatric Academic and 45mcg) of adjuvanted policy backgrounds), our includes continuing studies Societies Annual Scientific vaccine in 200 healthy studies have focussed to evaluate the effectiveness Conference, San Francisco, adults aged 18-64 years. principally this year on of screening for chlamydia USA. In addition, a third study of pandemic influenza. With infection; evaluation of the Professor Terry Nolan: this vaccine was initiated in additional Department prevention by conjugate Safety and immunogenicity children aged between of Health and Ageing pneumococcal vaccine of concurrent live attenuated 6 months and 8 years. and NHMRC funding, we of severe pneumonia influenza vaccine (FluMist®) 3: Phase III clinical trials conducted studies on public in Australian Aboriginal with Measles-Mumps-Rubella of a combined Hib health interventions for an children in the Northern and varicella vaccines in 86 Publication highlight 506 girls and 510 boys (10 to15 years of age) and a comparison group of 513 women (16 to 23 years of age) Block SL, Nolan TM, Sattler C, Barr E, Giacoletti K, to show that the antibody levels generated were the Marchant CD, Castellsagué X, Rusche S, Lukac S, Bryan same or higher than achieved in young women which JT, Taddeo FJ, Esser TM, Li H, Cavanaugh P, Reisinger SK. were sufficient to prevent pre-malignant cervix changes. Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of a Prophylactic Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types This large ‘bridging’ study showed that the vaccine 6,11,16,18) L1 Virus-like Particle (VLP) Vaccine in Male and induced antibody levels in children that were up to Female Adolescents and Young Adult Women. Pediatrics double the levels recorded in the adult comparison 2006;118:2135-45. group composed of women in the same age group as in the pivotal trial. The efficacy of the vaccine recently marketed as Gardasil was proven through a large-scale trial This higher level of antibodies also suggests that if involving women aged 16-23 years. This pivotal trial the vaccine is administered at a younger age, a booster established that this HPV (human papilloma virus) dose is less likely to be necessary. vaccine prevents the development of pre-malignant Our findings were used to support the subsequently conditions that lead to cervical cancer. implemented national program in Australia and elsewhere Our research aimed to bridge these efficacy findings around the world to focus vaccine campaigns on females in young women to also apply to pre-adolescent and between the ages of 10-13 years of age. adolescent girls and (eventually) boys, the key target group It also supports extending vaccination to include boys for this vaccine because the vaccine can only be effective if with the aim both of preventing the spread of HPV given before HPV is acquired through sexual activity. infections and also protecting boys against the HPV- Jointly with collaborators in the US and Europe, related cancers that can occur in later in life. we conducted a safety and immunogenicity study in For more publication highlights, see below.

infants 12 to 15 months use of an antiviral stockpile Regan D, Philp D, Hocking and 30 days after vaccine of age. Presented at the during an influenza pandemic, J, Law M: Modelling doses, and solicited and Pediatric Academic Societies Presented at Australasian the impact of a vaccine unsolicited adverse events Annual Scientific Conference, Society of Infectious Diseases on HPV transmission in were collected. After 2 doses San Francisco, USA. Annual Scientific Meeting, Australia. Presented at The of HAV (hepatitis A virus) Kerry-Ann O’Grady: An Wellington, NZ. International Papillomavirus vaccine, all subjects in all electronic system to simplify Dr Jodie McVernon: Conference IPV, Prague. groups were seropositive. the WHO process for the Understanding the impact Hocking J: Modelling the Co-administration of HAV radiological diagnosis of of Hib conjugate vaccine on impact of a vaccine on HPV vaccine with DTaP and Hib pneumonia in research. transmission, immunity and transmission in Australia. vaccines did not impact Presented at the 5th disease in the United Kingdon. Presented at 10th PHAA the immunogenicity of International Symposium Presented at the Annual Immunisation Conference the three vaccines. HAV on Pneumococci and Meeting of the European Sydney. vaccine was well tolerated Pneumococcal Diseases, Society for Paediatric in children 11-25 months Alice Springs, Australia. Infectious Diseases, Basel, Publication of age. We concluded that Kerry-Ann O’Grady: The Switzerland. highlights the administration of 2 WHO guidelines for the Dr Jodie McVernon: Host For a full list of publications, doses of HAV vaccine on a radiological diagnosis of and environmental factors see the 2006 Publications 0- and 6-month schedule pneumonia in children: associated with ongoing report, page 89. starting at 11-13 months of age or at 15-18 months of outcomes of investigator Hib disease in English Nolan TM, Bernstein H, age was as immunogenic training in the Northern children, 1998-2002. Blatter HM, Bromberg and well tolerated as the Territory, Australia. Presented at the Annual K, Guerra F, Kennedy W, administration of 2 doses in Presented at the 5th Meeting of the European Pichichero M, Senders children 2 years of age. International Symposium Society for Paediatric SD, Trofa A, Collard A, on Pneumococci and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Sullivan DC, Descamps D: McVernon J, Slack MPE, Pneumococcal Diseases, Switzerland. Immunogenicity and safety Ramsay ME. Changes in the Alice Springs, Australia. Hocking J: A mathematical of an inactivated hepatitis Epidemiology of epiglottitis Chris McCaw: Learning model to assess the impact A vaccine administered following introduction of from the past – An on-line of a chlamydia screening concomitantly with Haemophilus influenzae type historical database to inform program on the prevalence Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular B (Hib) conjugate vaccines mathematical modelling of Chlamydia trachomatis Pertussis and Haemophilus in England: a comparison of influenza, Australasian in Australia. Presented at influenzae type B vaccines of two data sources. Epidemiology Association Australasian Sexual Health to children under the age Epidemiology and Infection Annual Conference, Conference. of 2 years. Pediatrics 2006:134:570. Melbourne, Australia. Hocking J: Uncontested 2006;118:e602-9. Waning Hib vaccine James M. McCaw: R0 and possessions and key In a multicenter study, 1084 effectiveness in the UK Influenza. Presented at positions – sexual health healthy children aged 11-25 in the late 1990s was Australasian Epidemiology and risk behaviours in young months were allocated to 5 evidenced by a rise in Association Annual men in rural and regional treatment groups based on invasive disease, including Conference, Melbourne, football clubs. Presented at age and previous vaccination epiglottitis. Population Australia. Australasian Sexual Health history. Immune responses trends in microbiologically James McCaw: Optimal Conference. were measured at baseline confirmed child and adult 87 cases of Hib epiglottitis in randomised controlled trial. Dr Karyn Alexander Jane Ryrie England were reviewed, GPs were randomly assigned Dr Jennifer Thomson Charan Sandhu and compared with hospital to either a telephone Dr Stephen Lambert Deb Saunders admissions for acute upper interview or a postal survey. Kerry-Ann O’Grady Serena Sims airway infection. Both data GPs in the telephone Field studies coordinator Jacinta Sonego sources described a marked group were mailed a letter Marita Kefford Patricia Staig reduction in paediatric of invitation and asked Merrin Sulovski Research assistants disease following Hib to undertake a telephone Eve Urban Susan Anderson vaccine implementation interview. GPs in the postal Sandra Walker Leonie Baker with resurgence in 2001. group were mailed a letter of Marie West Michelle Boglis No similar correlation with Tiam Yap invitation and questionaire. Janet Briggs adult inpatient episodes was Non-responders were sent up Clare Brophy Study doctors observed, consistent with to three reminders, the final Elizabeth Christie Dr Aleya Begum a more diverse aetiology by registered post. Response Peta Fennessy Dr. Kylie Blackwell of epiglottitis. The need for rates were calculated for Debbie Gercovich Dr Ada Cheung a high index of suspicion each group. These results Jane Gibson Dr Gabi Dabscheck for this life threatening show that postal surveys with Erin Hill Dr Jenny Davey diagnosis was reinforced. three reminders can have Alice Holloway Dr Wei Lyn Fah Hocking JS, Lim M, superior response rates Ruth Lawrence Dr Lana Horng Read T, Hellard M. Postal compared with a telephone Stephanie Lenko Dr Jessica Luong surveys of physicians gave interview. Betty Lim Dr Shane O’Dea superior response rates over STAFF Ethna Macken Dr Briony Price telephone interviews in a Sarah Macnee Dr Cameron Roberts randomised trial. Journal Group leader AnnMarie McEvoy Dr Nicole Rose of Clinical Epidemiology Professor Terry Nolan Liz McGrath Dr Yulia Sugeng 2006;59:521-524. Researchers Chris McCaw Dr Claire Veith To compare general Professor John Matthews Paula Nathan Dr Emily Walsh practitioner (GP) response Dr Jodie McVernon Elanna Nolan PhD students to a telephone interview with Dr James McCaw Jacinta O’Sullivan Dr Susan Skull response to a postal survey Dr Jane Hocking Mairead Phelan Kerry-Ann O’Grady with three reminders in a Dr Loretta Thorn Pamela Rhodes Dr Stephen Lambert 88 2006 Publications Report School of Population Health Department of Public Health A: Books elsewhere) and gendered’, in C: Journal Articles Young, P., Haydon, A., Grubb, K. Lahiri-Dutt & M. Macintyre G., Giles, G., Jenkins, M., • Miletic, T. & Soth Plai, N. (eds), Women miners in • Silbert, B., Scott, D., Maruff, Hopper, J. & Southey, M. 2006, Introduction to peace developing countries: Pit P., Evered, L. 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Cameron, J. 2006, ‘The of the National Cancer Aboriginal and Islander Health place of supervised injecting • Macintyre, M. 2006, Institute, 98(11): 794–5. Worker Journal, 30(2): 15–21. facilities within harm ‘“Indicators of violence reduction: Evidence, ethics • Southey, M., Jenkins, M., • Amir, L. 2006, ‘International against women.” Measuring and policy’, Addiction, 101(4): Hopper, J., Macrae, A. & Breastfeeding Journal: In- gender equality: indicators 465–7. Giles, G. 2006, ‘In reply: Is it troducing a new journal’, of change’, Development time to abandon microsatellite International Breastfeed- Bulletin, 71: 61–2. • Kirkman, M. 2006, ‘Clone instability as a pre-screen for ing Journal, 1(1): . dimensions [Book review]’, genes?’, Journal of Clinical Pyett, P. & Devitt, J. 2006, Sociology of Health and Oncology, 24(12): 1962–3. Bennett, C. 2006, ‘Antibiotic ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait •  Fitness, 28(7): 989–99. resistance—The emergence Islander participation in • Thomas, D. & Anderson, I. of the superbugs’, Issues the ethical review of health • Kowal, E. E. 2006, ‘Book 2006, ‘Getting the most from Magazine, 22–24(74). research’, Aboriginal and review: Sex in development: Indigenous health research’, Islander Health Worker Science, sexuality and Medical Journal of Australia, • Bernhardt, J., Dewey, H., Journal, 30(6): 22–4. morality in global perspective’, 184(10): 500–01. Collier, J., Thrift, A., Lindley, Australian and New Zealand R., Moodie, M. & Donnan, Waples-Crowe, P. & Pyett, •  Journal of Public Health, 30(1): • Walter, M. & Pyett, P. 2006, G. 2006, ‘A Very Early P. 2006, ‘Learning from 94. ‘Australian sociology engages Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT)’, a successful partnership with Indigenous issues’, International Journal of Stroke, between mainstream and • Langton, M. 2006, ‘Reviving NEXUS: the TASA Newsletter, 1(2006): 169–71. Indigenous organizations’, Indigenous sovereignty?: 18(1): 14. 98 • Walter, M., Pyett, P., Tyler, Obstetrics and Gynecology, F2: Full Written Papers VicHealth Koori Health Unit, B. & Vanderwyk, A. 2006, 46(1): 46–8. Unrefereed Melbourne. ‘Editorial: Beyond the • Seccull, A., Richmond, J., • Anderson, M., Smylie, J., margins/ beyond marginality’, • Fisher, J. 2006, ‘Maternal Thomas, B. & Herrman, H. Anderson, I., Sinclair, R. Journal of Sociology, 42(4): mental health and infant 2006, ‘Hepatitis C in people & Crengle, S. 2006, First 341–5. health and development’, with mental illness: How big Proceedings of the National Nations, Inuit and Métis is the problem and how do C5: Other Refereed Pediatrics Association, health indicators in Canada: A Contribution to Refereed we respond?’, Australasian National Pediatrics background paper for the Psychiatry, 14(4): 374–8. Association, Hanoi, 14–20. project ‘Action-oriented Journals indicators of health and • Smith, L., Tesoriero, A., Mead, • Pirkis J. 2006, ‘Service health systems development • Blashki, G., Pirkis, J., L., Royce, S., Grubb, G., utilisation in the mental health for Indigenous peoples in Morgan, H. & Ciechomski, L. Young, J., Giles, G., Jenkins, system’, in An Australian– Australia, Canada and New 2006, ‘Managing depression M., Macrae, F., Hopper, J. 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C. 2006, health and community sector, • Clements, C. & McIntyre, P. ‘Childhood obesity—Where WorkCover NSW, Sydney. B. 2006, ‘When science is not • Anderson, I., Crengle, S. & are the solutions?’, Annals enough—A risk/benefit profile Klugman, M. 2006, ‘Mosby’s of Nutrition and Metabolism • Carter, R. & Rankin, B. 2006, of thiomersal-containing dictionary of medicine, nursing 2005 Proceedings of 18th Economic assessment of the vaccines’, Expert Opinion on and health professions’, International Congress of NHFA proposal for a national Drug Safety, 5(1): 17–29. Health of Aboriginal and Nutrition, pp. 1–10. CHD initiative in general Torres Strait Islander and practice, Report No. 1 for • Cvetkovski, S. & Fry, C. 2006, Maori people, Elsevier, United • Weedon, K. R. 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E. 2006, Koori MHS Conference, Sydney, (ODREC), Program Evaluation glycaemic load and the risk kids’ ears and health: A pp. 38–41. community report, Onemda Unit, The University of of postmenopausal breast Melbourne, Melbourne. cancer’, International Journal • Shaw, A. & Lamontagne, VicHealth Koori Health Unit, of Cancer. 118: 1843–7. A. 2006, ‘Acting on job The University of Melbourne, • Colgan, S. & Carter, R. 2006, stress—Do we have a Melbourne. The economics of coeliac • Hurley, S. 2006, context for action?’ in J. disease in Australia and New ‘Hospitalisation and costs • Adams, K. E. 2006, Koorie Talbot (ed.), Proceedings of Zealand, Report No. 1 for attributable to tobacco maternal and child health the 42nd annual conference ANZ Coeliac Research Fund, smoking in Australia: 2001– services Victoria, Office for of the Human Factors and Program Evaluation Unit, 2002’, Medical Journal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Ergonomics Society of The University of Melbourne, Australia, 184(1): 45. Islander Health, Australian Australia, new technology— Government, Canberra Melbourne. • Johnson, P., Howden, putting macro and micro in • Colgan, S., Tay-Teo, K. S., B. & Bennett, C. 2006, context, The Human Factors • Anderson, M., Anderson, Shih, T. & Carter, R. 2006, ‘Staphylococcus aureus: and Ergonomics Society of I., Smylie, J., Crengle, S. & Influenza vaccination for ‘at A guide for the perplexed’, Australia, Canberra, pp. 1–9. 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Paper No. 16, Onemda of Melbourne, Melbourne. 99 • Doyle, C., White, V., Dunt, for the Campus Tripartite • Morley, B., Pirkis, J., • Robinson, J., Pirkis, J., D. & Hogan, A. 2006, Committee and the Campus Sanderson, K., Burgess, Krysinska, K., Niner, S. & Dementia—A national health Education and Training Grants P., Kohn, F., Naccarella, Jorm, T. 2006, Identifying priority: Draft evaluation Committee, Royal Hobart L. & Blashki, G. 2006, research priorities to be framework, Commonwealth Hospital Campus, Report No. Evaluating the Access to addressed in the area of Department of Health 1 for Royal Hobart Hospital, Allied Psychological Services suicide prevention—Interim and Ageing, Australian Program Evaluation Unit, component of the Better report 3: Review of funded Government, Canberra. The University of Melbourne, Outcomes in Mental Health grants, Report No. 3 for Melbourne. Care Program—Eighth Commonwealth Department Dunt, D., Kelaher, M., •  interim evaluation report, of Health and Ageing, Feldman, P., Raban, B. & • McKenzie, R. A. & Dunt, consumer outcomes: The Program Evaluation Unit, Nolan, A. 2006, Statewide D. 2006, Evaluation of the impact of different models The University of Melbourne, evaluation of Best Start— Secondary Consultation and of psychological service Melbourne. Final report, Report No. 1 Education Pilot Project (2003– provision, Report No. 8 for for Department of Human 2005) and consultation for • Rosenthal, D., Russell, V. & Commonwealth Department Services, Program Evaluation planning, Report No. 1 for The Thomson, G. 2006, A growing of Health and Ageing, Unit, The University of Victorian Centre for Excellence experience: The health and Program Evaluation Unit, Melbourne, Melbourne. in Eating Disorders, Program well-being of international The University of Melbourne, Evaluation Unit, The University students at The University of Melbourne. • Green, R., Flander, L. & Velik- of Melbourne, Melbourne. Melbourne, The University of Lord, M. 2006, Evidence- • Niner, S., Pirkis, J., Krysinska, Melbourne, Melbourne. based landscape design • McKenzie, R. A. & K., Robinson, J., Dudley, M., principles for hospital-park Naccarella, L. 2006, Well • Swinburn, B., Carter, R., Schindeler, E. & De Diego, L. systems: A literature review for for Life Initiative 2005—Final Haby, M., Moodie, M., Bell, A. 2006, Identifying priority areas the Royal Children’s Hospital support and evaluation & Simmons, A. 2006, Obesity of research to be addressed redevelopment in Royal Park, report based on a summary prevention—Selecting the in the area of suicide Melbourne, The University of of project self-assessments, best investments, Report No. prevention—Interim report Melbourne, Melbourne. Report No. 2 for Victorian 1 for WHO—Europe, Deakin 2: Focus groups, Report Department of Human University, Burwood, Vic. No. 2 for Commonwealth • Joubert, L., Kelaher, M., Services, Program Evaluation Department of Health and & Johnson, V., Berman, N., Unit, The University of • Tay-Teo, K. S. Carter, R. Ageing, Program Evaluation 2006, Influenza vaccination Dunt, D. & Stanley, J. 2006, Melbourne, Melbourne. Strategy options in arts and Unit, The University of for ‘at risk’ Australian adults health, Report No. 1 for • McKenzie, R. A. & Melbourne, Melbourne. aged between 18–64—Part 1: Australia Council for the Arts, Naccarella, L. 2006, Well for Literature review of influenza Pirkis, J., Robinson, The University of Melbourne, Life Initiative 2006—Phase •  vaccination for the ‘at risk’ J., Krysinska, K., Niner, Melbourne. 3, final support and capacity Australian adults, Report S., Jorm, T., Dudley, M., building report based on No. 1 for National Institute Kohn, F., Morley, B., Pirkis, Schindeler, E., De Diego, •  a summary of project self- of Clinical Studies, Program J., Shandley, K., Naccarella, L. & Harrigan, S. 2006, assessments, Report No. 3 Evaluation Unit, The University L., Blashki, G. & Burgess, P. Identifying research priorities for Victorian Department of of Melbourne, Melbourne. 2006, Evaluating the Access to be addressed in the area Human Services, Program to Allied Psychological of suicide prevention—Final • West, R. A. 2006, Funding Evaluation Unit, The University Services component of the report, Report No. 4 for and operation of the of Melbourne, Melbourne. Better Outcomes in Mental Commonwealth Department Commonwealth State/Territory Health Care Program—Sixth • Miletic, T., Minas, I., Stolk, of Health and Ageing, Disability Agreement, Standing interim evaluation report— Y., Gabb, D., Klimidis, S. & Program Evaluation Unit, Committee and Community Progressive achievements Stankovska, M. 2006, Improving The University of Melbourne, Affairs, Australian Senate, over time, Report No. 6 for the quality of mental health Melbourne. Commonwealth of Australia, Commonwealth Department interpreting in Victoria, Victorian Canberra. Ratima, M., Edwards, of Health and Ageing, Program Office of Multicultural Affairs, •  W., Crengle, S., Smylie, Evaluation Unit, The University Victorian Transcultural Psychiatry G5: Minor Reports and J. & Anderson, I. 2006, of Melbourne, Melbourne. Unit, Fitzroy, Vic. Working Papers Maori health indicators: A • Lamontagne, A., Glass, • Miletic, T., Piu, M., Minas, I., background paper for the • Fisher, J., Cabral De Mello, D., Benke, G. & McLean, Stankovska, M., Stolk, Y. & project ‘Action-oriented M., Patel, V. & Rahman, A. C. 2006, Review of primary Klimidis, S. 2006, Guidelines indicators of health and 2006, ‘Mental health: A vital investigation of suspected for working effectively with health systems development consideration in assuring safe brain cancer cluster in RMIT interpreters in mental health for Indigenous peoples in motherhood and newborn Building 108, levels 16 and 17, settings, Mental Health Australia, Canada and New health, Report No. 2,’ RMIT University, Melbourne. Branch, Victorian Transcultural Zealand’, Discussion Paper No. Australia: Lives: Newsletter of Psychiatry Unit, Fitzroy, Vic. 17, Onemda VicHealth Koori the Partnership for Maternal, • Lamontagne, A., Shaw, A., Health Unit, The University of Newborn and Child Health. Ostry, A., Louie, A. M. & • Morley, B., Kohn, F., Melbourne, Melbourne. Keegel, T. 2006, Workplace Naccarella, L., Pirkis, J., • Loughnane, S. & Kirkman, stress in Victoria: Developing Blashki, G. & Burgess, P. • Robinson, J., Pirkis, J., M. 2006, Parents disclosing a systems approach, Victorian 2006, Evaluating the Access to Krysinska, K., Niner, S., donor conception to their Health Promotion Foundation, Allied Psychological Services Harrigan, S. & Jorm, T. children: What does the Melbourne. component of the Better 2006, Identifying priority literature tell us?, Infertility Outcomes in Mental Health areas of research to be Treatment Authority, • Mallett, S., Rosenthal, D., Care Program—Seventh addressed in the area of Melbourne. Keys, D. & Myers, P. M. 2006, interim evaluation report, rural suicide prevention—Interim Moving out moving on: Young • Szoke, H. & Kirkman, M. and urban projects: Similarities report 1: Review of published people’s pathways in and 2006, Telling donor-conceived and differences, Report literature, Report No. 1 for through homelessness, Key people about their conception, No. 7 for Commonwealth Commonwealth Department Centre for Women’s Health in Infertility Treatment Authority, Society, Melbourne. Department of Health and of Health and Ageing, Melbourne. Ageing, Program Evaluation Program Evaluation Unit, • McKenzie, R. A. 2006, Unit, The University of The University of Melbourne, • Tran, T. & Fisher, J. 2006, Evaluation needs assessment Melbourne, Melbourne. Melbourne. Report of the strategic review 100 of the Research and Training of social and communicative • Day, S. E. A. 2006, An • Hood, S. G. 2006, Getting Centre for Community interactions in maintaining investigation into the extent evidence into practice: The Development’s progress on sense of self and well-being in to which General Practitioner management of heart failure in mental health care development residents in aged care. (GP) remuneration can be Australia. in Vietnam, Research and used to overcome geographic • Tomnay, J. E. 2006, Partner Training Centre for Community inequities in the supply and • Horsley, P. A. 2006, A social notification for Chlamydia Development, Hanoi. demand for Medicare-funded anatomy of autopsies. Trachomatis and HIV in GP services. R11: RHD Theses Australia. • Ishihara, K. 2006, Older • Doxanakis, A. 2006, Auditing Japanese war brides in Passed • Xeuatvongsa, A. 2006, a tool to predict those at Australia. Public ignorance, silent killer: • Bradshaw, C. S. 2006, risk of non-adherence to An ethnographic study of • Johnston, V. 2006, ‘Weapons Epidemiological, clinical antiretroviral medication. of mass destruction’: The and laboratory correlates of tuberculosis control in the Lao People’s Democratic • Edmonds, F. M. 2006, health impact of human rights bacterial vaginosis and non- violations in the context of gonococcal urethritis. Republic. How does the knowledge and practice of south-east Australian asylum policies. R12: RHD Theses in • Cox, H. S. 2006, Tuberculosis Australian Aboriginal art relate • Justin, C. G. 2006, An treatment and control in Progress to the health and well-being of examination into the social Uzbekistan: DOTS and drug the Aboriginal Community and determinants affecting the resistance. • Acton, C. E. 2006, Impact of the individual? childhood sexual abuse on health outcomes of Koori • Delany, C. M. 2006, perinatal mental health. • Farooqui, A. 2006, Tobacco mothers and children aged Informed consent: Ethical use during pregnancy and 0–8, residing in Hume City theory, legal obligations and • Adams, K. E. 2006, Koori perinatal health in rural area of Melbourne. the physiotherapy clinical Kids and otitis media Kanataka, India. • Kandane, R. K. 2006, Genetic encounter. prevention in Victoria. • Fetherstonhaugh, D. M. modification of environmental • Hammarberg, K. 2006, The • Bennett, N. J. 2006, A. 2006, Hobson’s choice: and lifestyle risk factors for experience of birth and early The development and Dialysis or the coffin. A study chronic respiratory diseases. mothering after assisted evaluation of the Victorian of dialysis decision-making • Karakas, Z. I. 2006, Women’s conception. Hospital Acquired Infection amongst older people. Surveillance Program health and wellbeing: Financial • Hester Moore, J. S. 2006, (VICNISS) for ‘smaller’ public • Garimella, S. 2006, Health freedom versus emotional Going with the flow: Enacting acute hospitals. of women workers in the fulfillment. fluidity in contraceptive and garment industry in New Delhi, Kartal, D. 2006, Post- menstrual decision making. • Burgess, J. A. 2006, Risk •  India: Looking beyond the traumatic stress in population Factors for chronic respiratory obvious. • Johnson, P. 2006, Diasporas diseases in middle age. of Bosnian refugees resettled of medical beliefs: A • Gwatirisa, P. R. 2006, in Australia, Europe and multi-ethnic clinic and the • Bwembya, P. A. 2006, Are you being served? An Bosnia. experience of tuberculosis in a Reproductive decision making ethnographic study of food • Keegel, T. G. 2006, ‘Tell low incidence country. of HIV positive Zambian aid for HIV/AIDS affected women. me about it’: Hazard • Khun, S. 2006, Community households in Zimbabwe. communication in the participation in the prevention • Cantwell, K. S. 2006, To be • Hardiman, E. A. 2006, workplace. and control of dengue fever in advised. Women’s experience and Cambodia. • King T. L. 2006, Relationship • Chepuka, L. 2006, use of counselling and between the built • Kristyanti, J. R. 2006, Experiences of HIV-positive support services in relation to environment, socioeconomic Understanding the dynamics mothers with dependent coping with unplanned and/ status, physical activity and of violence and exploring children in Malawi. or unwanted pregnancy and obesity. the potential application abortion. of logotherapy for women • Clark, C. E. 2006, A social • Kowal, E. E. 2006, The and medical history of • Harris, A. 2006, International proximate advocate: survivors of domestic violence medical graduates in the in Indonesia. alcoholism in Australia. Indigenous health on the urban Australian hospital: An postcolonial frontier. • Lister, N. A. 2006, Screening • Clarke, A. 2006, Indigenous ethnographic study. knowledge of community • Lambert, S. B. 2006, The men who have sex with • Hayes, R. D. 2006, An men for Gonorrhoea and development. epidemiology and health investigation of components economics of viral infections Chlamydia. Cole, M. 2006, Improving •  and determinants of sexual in children. • MacInnis, R. J. 2006, A the quality and frequency of function and dysfunction in prospective study of body size substance use assessment for women. • Lazaroo, C. 2006, Here and and composition and the risk clients with mental illness. new: East Timorese asylum • Hoang, H. N. 2006, Predicting of cancer. seekers and transition. • Coles, J. Y. Breastfeeding and the individual risk of prostate • Nkosana, J. M. 2006, maternal touch after childhood cancer in Australian men. • Lechner, C. R. 2006, The Intergenerational sexual sexual assault. impact of early trauma on the • Hodge, A. M. 2006, Diet relationships in urban development of empathy in • Cooklin, A. R. 2006, ‘Time off related predictors of type 2 Botswana. a sample of violent juvenile work’: Primparous mothers diabetes in the Melbourne offenders. • Paradies, Y. C. 2006, Race, return to paid work in the first collaborative cohort study. racism, stress and Indigenous postpartum year. • Li, L. 2006, Vulnerable but • Hodgson, J. M. 2006, Testing health. feeling safe: HIV risk among • Dassanayake, J. 2006, times, challenging choices: male rural-to-urban migrant • Thorpe, R. D. 2006, Physical activity patterns and Women, prenatal testing and workers in Chengdu, China. Reflexive practice: The use of cardiovascular disease risk genetic counselling. complementary medicine by factors among immigrants in • Livingston, J. A. 2006, To be 2006, To have people living with HIV/AIDS. Australia. • Holton, S. N. advised. or not to have? A study • Tinney, D. J. 2006, Still me: • Davies, GT. 2006, The applied of Australian women’s • Lock, M. J. 2006, Being old and in care. The role ethics of HIV vaccines. childbearing decisions. Knowledges transformation 101 in contexts of national care, the media and death current legal, public policy, haemochromatosis and Indigenous health policy work. social and discursive context. the risk of other chronic processes. diseases of adult life in a large • Nugrahani, R. D. 2006, Risk • Sidat, M. M. 2006, Studies on Australian cohort. • Lowe, A. J. 2006, Causes of Management of Tuberculosis prevention and management allergy in children with a family in the Workplace. of HIV/AIDS in the era of • van der Sterren, A. E. 2006, history of atopy. highly active antiretroviral From crisis response to • O’Grady, K.-A. F. 2006, therapy (HAART). community health: Improving • Maharaj, N. 2006, Pneumonia in children the well-being of the Victorian Migration, motherhood and Territory-wide using • Silkoff D. A. 2006, The role Aboriginal Community. breastfeeding practice: Indian radiological endpoints. of actor networks in disputes women in Melbourne. concerning diagnoses of • van Vliet, C. M. 2006, • Ong, K. S. 2006, Assessing non-intellectual insanity’ in Prospective population-based • Marriott, P. 2006, Adverse the cost effectiveness of nineteenth century Victoria. cancer family studies: Conduct, events in health care: The preventative programs for ethical issues and analysis. experience from the patient non-communicable disease: • Skull, S. A. 2006, A case- and family perspective. Methods of health service cohort study: Impact of • Vasey, K. E. 2006, A country delivery in the Indigenous welcome: Emotional wellbeing • McDougall, R. J. 2006, influenza and pneumococcal community. vaccination on hospital and belonging among Iraqi Doctors’ experience of ethical women in rural Australia. issues in their early years of • Otim, M. E. 2006, Assessing admissions due to community practice. cost-effectiveness of health acquired pneumonia among • Warren, N. L. 2006, care services: Planning persons aged 65 years or Positioning health and • McKay, H. J. 2006, Voluntarily for the prevention of non- older. illness: Rural women’s midlife childless: A study to identify communicable Aboriginal experiences. and describe voluntarily • Stone, J. 2006, Genetic and and Torres Strait Islander environmental determinants childless women in a changing communities. • West, R. A. 2006, Rights, Australian society. of mammographically dense compensation and disability • Panta, B .P. 2006, Antenatal and non-dense breast tissue: service delivery in Victoria. • Mitchell, P. F. 2006, Mental anaemia and iron deficiency: Biomarkers for breast cancer. health care roles and • West, R. A. 2006, Social Prevalence, risk factors and • Syed Muhammed M. 2006, A capacities of non-medical correlates in Nepal. hierarchies of compensable primary health and social care study of knowledge, attitudes and non-compensable services: An organisational • Pattel, N. R. 2006, Identify and practices about tobacco disability: An ecological systems analysis. and define Aboriginal norms. among Hamdard University perspective. Medical students in Karachi, • Moeller-Saxone, K. 2006, • Phillips, G. L. 2006, Pakistan. • Westall, C. A. 2006, Kept Evaluation of smokefree Motivation and self-perception in the dark: The experience interventions for people with a among health-care providers • Tacticos, T. M. 2006, The of resolution from postnatal mental illness. in their professional roles. limits and potential of depression. community lead, place-based • Morris, B. J. 2006, Women • Reifels, L. 2006, Workforce strategies to address health • Williams, A. R. 2006, and autonomy: A textual challenges in mental health: A and social inequities. Disability in post-secondary analysis. PDRS sector study. education. • Tasker, C. E. 2006, • Myers, P. M. 2006, Hepatitis • Rumpf, M. 2006, What Discourses of medical • Williams, R. L. 2006, Shifting C testing among young constitutes a sound approach professionalism. the gaze to the other: Cultural people who experience to PBMA? safety and curricula in homelessness in Melbourne. • Tay-Teo, K. 2006, Priority universities. • Russell, M. A. 2006, Falls, setting for prevention of • Nasir, S. 2006, Stories from risk assessment and cannabis use in Australia. • Windi, Y. K. 2006, The ways Lorong: Drug subculture interventions for older fallers in which the ume kbubu and the social context of presenting to the Emergency • Thornton, L. 2006, Individual (traditional Timorese house) HIV-risk behaviours among Department and being and environmental influences shapes understandings of intravenous drug users in discharged home. on fast food intake. health and illness: A study in Makassar, Indonesia. Fatumnasi Village. • Saw, S. 2006, Strategies for • Tideman, R. L. 2006, • Nickson, C. A. 2006, public–private partnership Improving public health • Wirattanapokin, S. 2006, The Modelling the impact of in tuberculosis control: control of sexually transmitted health promotion of people targeted changes to screening The involvement of private infections (STIs) using risk with type 2 diabetes. intervals in the Australian practitioners in Myanmar. profiles of clients attending breast screening program. STI services. • Wium, C. 2006, An economic • Short, E. R. 2006, Conceiving evaluation of health initiatives • Nipe, T. A. 2006, Talking to the family: Lesbian women • Turkovic, L. 2006, Association funded by private enterprise the dead: A study of health who are mothers and the between the risk of hereditary within a developing economy. 102 School of Population Health Department of Public Health Annual Report 2006

Contents Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences School of Population Health Summary Report 1 Australian 7 Schools Centre for Nossal Institute Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic International Neuroscience of Global Health and Analytic Epidemiology 25 Health Institute Centre for Health and Society 33 School of School of School of School of School of School of School of Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society 39 Population Dental Behavioural Nursing Physiotherapy Rural Medicine Health Science Science Health McCaughey Centre 51 Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics 59 Anatomy & Cell Biology Centre for International Mental Health 73 Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic * and Analytic Epidemiology Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Sexual Health Unit 77 * * General Practice Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre 81 Centre for Health and Society * * Medical Biology (The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research) Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group 85 Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society * 2006 Publications Report 89 * Medicine, Austin & Northern Health McCaughey Centre * Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital/Western Hospital * * Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital * Microbiology & * Immunology * Centre for International Mental Health Obstetrics & Gynaecology * Ophthalmology * * Otolaryngology * Paediatrics * Pathology * Pharmacology Sexual Health Unit * * Physiology * Psychiatry * Radiology * Diabetes Vaccine Development Centre Surgery, Austin & Northern Health * * Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital/Western Hospital Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group * Surgery, St Vincent’s Hospital Annual Report SPH 2006 Department of Public Health Public of Department School of Population Health Population of School

School of Population Health, Department of Public Health, Annual Report 2006 Centre for International Mental Health Level 5, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0908 Fax: +61 3 9348 2794 Email:[email protected] www.cimh.unimelb.edu.au Sexual Health Unit Melbourne Sexual Health Centre 580 Swanston Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 9341 6236 Fax: +61 3 9347 6757 Email:[email protected] www.mshc.org.au The McCaughey Centre: VicHealth Centre for the Promotion of Mental Health and Community Wellbeing Level 5, 207 Bouverie Street University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Tel: +61 3 8344 9101 Fax: +61 3 9348 2832 Email:[email protected] www.mccaugheycentre.unimelb.edu.au Vaccine and Immunisation Research Group University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Tel: +61 3 8344 9325 Fax: +61 3 9348 1827 Email:[email protected] Centre and Units Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology Level 2, 723 Swanston Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0671 Fax: +61 3 9349 5815 Email:[email protected] www.epi.unimelb.edu.au Centre for Health and Society Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0822 Fax: +61 3 8344 0824 Email:[email protected] www.chs.unimelb.edu.au Key Centre for Women’s Health in Society Royal Women’s Hospital Level Clinical 1, Services Building 305 Cardigan Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 4333 Fax: +61 3 9347 9824 Email:[email protected] www.kcwhs.unimelb.edu.au Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 0710 Fax: +61 3 9348 1174 Email:[email protected] www.healthprograms.unimelb.edu.au How to contact the School of Population Health School of Population Health Academic ProgramsOffice Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street Carlton, Vic 3053 Tel: +61 3 8344 9338/9339 Fax: +61 3 8344 0824 Email:[email protected] www.sph.unimelb.edu.au