Curonian bead sets with bronze spacer plates and their Scandinavian parallels Bliujiene#, Audrone# Fornvännen 2001(96):4, s. [235]-242 http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/fornvannen/html/2001_235 Ingår i: samla.raa.se Curonian bead sets with bronze spacer plates and their Scandinavian parallels

by Audroné Bliujiené

From lhe (enlh cenlury onward and into lhe thirteenth, Curonian women wore bead sets with bronze spacer plates. Bead sets with miilticolour glass and opaque paste, cast bronze and bronze spiral beads are only found in lhe terrilory inha- bited by lhe Guronians. Some bead sets had no spacer plates. In Lithuanian ar cha?ological literature, there is a tendency lo interpret bead sets with spacer pla­ tes .is lu-adbands, but such were no! worn by Curonian women. They covered iheir hair wilh a head-dress possibly similar to that worn in olher parts of Europé in Ihe Viking Period. This head-dress also reminds of lithuanian nuomelas, a cloth ol linen, wrapped in folds över lhe head and around lhe neck, similar to a mm's wimplc, well known from ethnographie sources. Caps fastened with pins were also common among Curonian women. The Curonian fashion of bead sets with bronze spacer plales were probably originally a i csnll of Golland's cultural influence.

Audroné Bliujiené, Lithuanian Art Museum, Boksto st./I)idzioji si. 4, LT 2001, Vilnius. Lithuania,

From the sixth century onward, the Baltic tribe (Mugurevic 1970, p. 21—36; Asaris 1977, p. 200— of the Guronians lived in a narrow strip of the 201). Curonian sites from the eighth through the Baltic coastline of Lithuania and Latvia. In the twelfth century are found in lhe districts of Pil- eighth and ninth centuries, the Curonians in- sotas, Méguva, Keklis, Duvzaré, Piemaré, Ban- habited northwestern Lithuania and southwcs­ duva, Vindava, Vrcdecuronia, in the area bet­ tern Curonia. The southern boundary of tbc ween Skrunda and Semigallia and on the Curo­ Guronians' territory reached the environs of nian spit (Zulkus 1995, p. 3, fig. 1). Klaipéda and remained there for centuries. In The Curonians are one of the best-known the north, their lands bordered 011 the river Baltic tribes. They entered the written sources Tebra. Not even in the tenth century did they at an early dale and were known as warlike and expand past the Tebra valley (Mngurevic 1970, wealthy people. However, while they are always p. 24, fig. 1). In Latvia, Curonian sites are con­ mentioned in connection with armed conflict centrated in the vicinity of Lake Pape and the and piracy in the Baltic Sea, they also appear in environs of Gruobinia. Around Gruobinia, Cu­ accounts of the Christian missionary efforts on ronian cemeteries are intermingled with buri­ the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Vita S. Ans- al mounds built by setllers from central kari mentions tbis reslless tribe already about Sweden and Gotland (Petrenko & Urtäns, 873. This source describes five Curonian terri­ 1995, p. 17—18). With time, Curonian territory tories and two of their "towns", Apuolé and expanded northward. In the eleventh century Seeburg. Henry of Livonia describes the Swe­ the Guronians settled to the north of the river dish attack of 853 and the siege of Apoule, an Abava and to the nortbeast of tbc river Venta event well known in historiography, He also

Famvånnen 00 (2001) 23Ö Audroné Bliujiené

Fig. 1. Necklace from lhe Palanga grave 57 (draw­ Fig. 2. Bead sel from the Plungé region, unknown ings by Audroné Ruzicné, LNM AR). - Halsband lind circumstances (after 1AB. 1961, p. 326). - Pärl- från Palanga grav 57. uppsättning från Plungé-området okänd fyndort.

mentions that the Curonians had previously bronze and bronze spiral spirals (fig. 1). Such paid tribute to the Danes. The Curonians ap­ ornaments are known in the Lithuanian litera­ parently had close contacts with Seandinavia. ture as necklaces. Curonian graves also yield another type of bead sets, very similar to neck­ Function laces, but with bronze spacer plates (fig. 2—4). During the Viking Period the dress of the Baltic These bead sets with spacer plates are only tribes, especially the Curonians, abounded in found in the graves of Curonian women. They ornaments. Besides their decorative function, were among the most impressive Curonian Curonian women used bronze jewellery all pectoral jewellery. Women of Other Baltic tribes över their outfits to button, attach and fästen wore only necklaces, i.e. sets without spacers. their clothing. Curonian jewelry, induding bead Tbis paper focuses 011 the bead sets with bronze sets and jewellery erroneously attributed to spacer plates. headbands, has been extensively published An unresolved problem in Lithuanian ar­ (LAA 1987; Tautavicius 1996; Bliujiené 1999). cheological literature is the attribution of some However, the function of some ornaments still bead sets with spacer plaies to headbands, whi­ needs darification. For one thing, the assumed le others are considered to have been pectoral remains of headbands appear to belong to qui­ jewellery. They all have the same kind of spacer te a different category of ornaments. plates (fig. 2-5). Curonian women wore two types of bead For centuries, both married women and sets. The first type was made up of several rows young girls of the Baltic tribes covered their of multicolour glass and opaque beads, cast hair. In the Roman Iron Age, caps decorated

Ftrrnvännen y6 (2001) Curonian bead . »37 Fig. 3. Bead sel from Bandn/i.ii cremation 43A, EQaipéda region (photo by Mindaugas Bra/.ms kas). - Päiiiippsätiiiing från Ban- duziai brandgrav 43A, Klaipeda- omrädet.

Fig. |. Bead set and dress pins from Palanga town cremation 198 (reconstruction, drawings bv Audmne Rn/icne, LNM AR). - Pärluppsättning och dräktnålar frän Palanga siad brandgrav 198 (rekonstruktion).

with tiny bronze work were common (Kackule not cover their bair. They did wear caps 1995). Fragments of such caps decorated with (Gencai 1, Kietinga region, graves 11, 21, 36, bron/c acoi ns and loop-sbaped pendants with (.6, 60, 67, 7<>, 93, 830; Gintaliskc, Plungé re­ spiral terminals are found in the areas inbabi- gion, grave 7; Kiauleikiai, Kielinga region, gra­ ted by the Curonians from the sixth century ve 1; Palanga, grave 11, 104), kerchiefs (Tauta- (Kurinaiciai, Kietinga region, graves 5. 8, 22; vicius 1970, p. 1 12) and other textile he.id- Palanga, Palanga lown: Kiidaiciai I, Kietinga dresses. Neither head-dress nor other clothing region). In tbc early lilili century, some of the can at present be reconstructed from the small Baltic tribes adopted metal headbands (Vaske- fragments known liom Curonian graves. It is vicinié 1998, p. 1 29). These were especially po­ probable thal the head-dress of Curonian wo pulär with the women of Samogitia, Semigallia men was similar to thal worn bv other Euro­ and upland Lithuania bordering on Samogitia pean women of the period (Hook & Macgregoi (Taiitavicitis 199(1, p. 1(15—171; Kazakevicius 1997, p. 50—51, lig. (17). Lithuanian archeo­ 1993, p.84—87). In the Viking Period, headbands logical literature is dominated by tbc view that were particulary common in Letigallia (Rådigs* Curonian head-dress was closely similar to the 1999, fig. 40-42), Semigallia and Samogitia Lithuanian wimple of laler centuries (Litb. (Vaskeviciiité 1992; LPA 1974 tab. 59:1-4). niiiiiiielas), which was especially typical of the I lowever, there is no indication that Curonian eastern part of Lithuania and is known from women wore metal headbands din ing lhe Vi­ ethnographie sources (Volkaité-Kulikauskiené king Period. 1959, 1964, 1970). However. nuomelas are Tbis is 1101 lo sav thal (luronian women did mentioned in ethnographie sources only from

liiniviliinen ifh i 21101 1 238 Audroné Bliujiené

Fig. 5. Bronze spacer plates of Cu­ ronians bead sets. 1-2: Laivai cre- 111,ilion 198. ",: Prysmanciai I, KrM without inventory no. 4: Palanga I.NM AR 396:3764. 5: I.azdininkai 179 (exeavation of 197(1). (i: Prys­ manciai I, KrM without inventory no. 7: Palanga LNM AR 390:2762. 8: Prysmanciai I, KrM without in- ventory no. 9: Palanga town, I.NM AR 396:3839. IO! Palanga town 271. 1 1-12: Palanga town 67. All ce­ meteries located in Kietinga re­ gion. (1—2, 4, 9—IS drawings by Audroné Ruzicnc, LNM AR. 3, 5-8 drawings l>v Virgilijns Truklickas). - Pärlspridare från kuriska pärlnpp- sältningar.

the sixteenth or seventeenth centuries onward chest (Ginialiskes, Plungé region, grave 5) or (LEB 19(14, p. 363—365; Bcmotienc 1974, p. 011 tbc back of lhe deceased (Siraiciai, Tclsiai VII). There is no earlier evidence of such fol- region, grave 18). Even wilh inhumation gra­ ded linen head-dress either from written, ico­ ves ii is difficult to establish exactly how tbc pre­ nographic 01 archeological sources. In the sumed headbands were located 011 tbc bodies, eighth ihrough the twelfth centuries, Curo­ as in the coastal cemeteries bones and other or­ nian, Scalvian and Lamalian women dresscd ganic materials bave peiished. Most of lhe diffeienilv from those of other Baltic tribes. bead sets are found in a (lisinlegrated stale. They used a variety of pins to fästen caps or ot­ Therefore the position in the grave provides her head-dress, induding crossbow fibulae few dues a.s to the original placement of the or­ (fig. 6—7). The female attire of other Baltic tri­ naments. bes does not seem to bave included pins in In addition to one of these controversial bead such a function. sets, grave 18 in the Siraiciai cemetery yielded In the areas inbabited hy lhe Guronians, bead a cap decorated with bronze spirals and iwo sets with bronze spacer plates are found in pins ihal were mosl probably cap fästenen. It cremation graves from the tenth through the appears unlikely tbat lhe deceased would have twelfth centuiy Only very few of the presumed been wearing both a cap and a headband. Most headbands have been found in inhumation of tbc ensembles called headbands (Bandiiziai, graves. In these cases they were found on the Klaipéda region, grave 43A) or their constitu-

Fornvänneii y6 (2001) Curonian bend . 239

1 U^TmlTlTOrUilKi^wiö jfr*1*)

i ^> TT! * u ^j^^^f

Fig. 7. Crossbow fibula from Gencai I 221 (drawing by Virgilijns Truklickas). - Armborstfibula.

Fig. (i. Pins with triangulär head for lhe fixing of head- dresses. 1: Palanga 357, 2: Palanga 151. (Drawings by Virgilijns Truklickas) - Nålar au fäsia huvuddu­ ken med. enl spacer plates have been found in crema­ yielded only few intact examples of these bead tions, in small piles together with lhe other gra­ sets. They are from Bandiiziai grave 43A, Gin- ve goods. Find contexts like these cannot sup­ taliskés grave 5, Siraiciai grave 18 and one set port a functional interpretation either as head- from an unknown location (fig. 2—3). Of other band or pectoral jewellery. scis, onlv fragments bave survived: one or two Most Lithuanian examples of the contro- spacer plates, glass beads or bronze spirals. versial bead sets that bave appeared after This is the case with Bandiiziai grave 54; World War II are stray finds. They have been at- GirkaliaJ (Klaipéda region) grave 23 and a iributed to headbands even though their lind stray find (inventory no. 4412); Kiauleikiai contexts are obscme. The problem of identifi­ (Kretinga region) grave 10 (LNM AR 4:391); cation and distinction between headbands and Laiviai (Kietinga region) graves 43 & 198; pectoral jewellery is underlined by tbc fact that Lazdininkai (Kietinga region) graves (ii, 73, a bronze spacer plate from grave 213 in 81,126, 179; Palanga graves 67, 198, 271, stray Ramuciai, Rlaipéda region, bas been interpre­ linds LNM AR 396: 27(12, 8764, 8839; ted as part of horse trappings by the German Prysmanciai I (KrM, stray find without invento­ excavator [oachim I [offman (194 1. p. 38, Abb. ry no.); Ramuciai grave 2 13; Lake Vilknmiiiza, 7). This suggests that there is actually not suffi­ Talsai region, Latvia (LVM PV 12380, 12 381)). cient data to support the assumption tbat Also, a bronze spacer plate from the Riidaiciai (luronian women wore headbands. Instead, 011 I cemetery is in the Museum of National lhe basis of parallels from ( äiiland, all bead sets Antiquities in Stockholm (SHM). Bead sets with spacer plates should be considered as pec­ with bronze spacer plates have been found in toral jewellery. graves with elaborate burial goods. It should be repeated that bead sets wilh bronze spacer pla­ tes are known only from the lerritory once in­ Distribution and chronology habited bv ihe Guronians. The territory inhabited bv tbc Guronians bas

1'ornvännen t)0 12001) 240 Audroné Bliujiené

As already mentioned, in the Viking Period vertieal lines of diainonds, triangles, »eyes« Curonian women also wore bead necklaces wit- (fig. 4—5). Some of them are plated with white boul spacer plates. Impressive sets without spa­ metal. Chemical analyses performed by Bagd- cer plates are known from the cemeteries of zeviciené and Ragauskienéof l.DM RG have re­ Palanga, Genciai I and Kiauleikiai. The neck­ vealed ihal spacer plates from Lazdininkai gra­ lace from Kiauleikiai grave 1 had 289 blue, yel­ ve 179 (excavated in 1976) and Prysmanciai I low, and gold foliate beads arranged in three (KrM without inventory no.) are both plated rows. It should be noted that of all known with tin with a negligible lead content Curonian sets very few contain amber beads. The sets under discussion were striiiig 011 On the olher hand, sets of glass, amber or bronze wire (Bandiiziai grave 43A, Gintaliské bronze beads were generally rare among olher grave 5, Siraiciai grave 18), leather thong (sträv lhe Baltic tribes of the Viking Period. Outside lind dunge region, fig. 2), wool yarn (Laz­ the Curonian lerritory, most beads have been dininkai grave 81; Knnciené 1981, p. 78) or found in the cemeteries of the Scalvians and slrings of unidentified fiber (Lazdininkai gravt- Lamattians in the Neinunas river della, and a 1 •_>(>). Most beads are small, only 4—(i mm in few in central Samogitia (Kunciene 1981, p. diameter. Tbc number of beads varies: some 84). The bead necklaces of these tribes did not piéces have lens of beads, others up lo 350 or include bronze spacer plates. Instead, neck even 500. Some of lhe sets bave beautiful blue rings were common with all the Baltic tribes. or green nolcbed glass beads. These are typical Curonian women wore bead sets from tbc of tbc Baltic tribes in the Viking Period and es­ end of tbc ninth century, but mosl linds are pecially numerous in the Curonian, Scalvian from the tenth through the eleventh centuries and Lamalian territories. The bead sel from Ban­ (1AB 1963, p. 454—455; Vaitkunskiené 1979, diiziai grave 43A originally consisted of twelve p. 56—69). It is probable that bead sets with rows of ycllowish opaque beads. 331 beads sur­ bronze spacer plates were worn into the twelfth vive (fig. 3). The Siraiciai sel bad live rows ol ti­ and thirteenth centuries, as they have been ny white and black beads. The one from Ginlaliskés grave 5 had five rows ol inulticoloiir found combined with penannular brooches beads separated by two bronze spacer plates, wilh star-shaped lerminals and bracelets with and the necklace ended in bronze spirals. The zoomorphic terminals (Vaitkunskiené 1978, set from Palanga grave 198 consists of two 54-55. maP 43:4- P- 97-101. maP 58)- bronze spacer plales and 39 glass and bronze beads. Ol lbe.se, one is a rare lind for tbc Baltic Bead sel design area, a blue bead decorated wilh white and red Curonian bead sets contain from iwo to ten or­ flowers (fig. 4). namented bronze spacer plates (fig. 5). Most often a set has spacer plates of only two diffe­ Sets with bronze spacer plales sometimes rent designs, but some bave six or seven. The feature bronze spirals. In most instances ii is spacer plates are of two types: T-shaped (lig. 5: impossible lo lell how these sets ended and 3,5, 11) and rectangular (fig. 1—2,6—10, 12). how they were fastened. Some sets end in lea­ The spacer plates of bolh types are most often ther siraps tbat were probably tied together at 5—7 cm long and 0,5—0,8 cm wide. Some of lhe nape of the neck (Bandiiziai grave 43A, lig. lliem are only 3,2—3,5 cm long, and a few rec- 3). The sel from Siraiciai grave 1 8 ends in bron­ tangular ones are 1,8 cm wide. The legs of the ze wire loops. Two small (6-7 cm long, fig. 4) T-shaped spacer plates bave 4—1 2 tiny holes for pins with spiral beads were found in Palanga bead slrings. Rectangular spacer plates have cremation 198 - they may bave been fastenen string holes along one of tbc edges. Many spa­ for tbc bead set. Such pins are not characteris­ cer plates of bolh types have ornate profile tic of the Curonians. flitiges (lig. 5:1, 5, 10—1 1). The spacer plates are decorated in geometric patterns: horizon­ Gotlandic spacer plales tal groups of notches, double X, small cirdes. Gotlandic and Curonian bead scis are compo- lun/vännen 06 l 200 1 I Curonian bead .. 241 sed of tbc same elements, except for lhe pen­ References dants that are characteristic for Gotland but al> Asaris, |. 1977. O scvernix teritorijax raselenija knr- sent from Curonia. Most Curonian and sei v XI - XIII v. v. Vakant ballai: elnogein-A' ir etui ne istorija Vilnius. Gotlandic spacer plates are of a similar shape Beruotiene, S. t(|7 |- l.ieluviu liaudies moleriiilrabuiiai (WKG 1:47:7, 173:1, 179:8, 192:15, 841:6; XVIII a. pah.'- XX ».Vilnius. 11:1(11:14). Spacer plates similar to the Curo­ Bliujiené, A. 1999- Vikingu epochos kuriiu papuosalu nian ones have been found in Gruobinia, ornameulika. Vilnius. Latvia (Nerman 1958, Tafel 2:14. 19:105). Gaimster, M. 1998, Vendel period bracteates on Holland. Some of the spacer plates from Gotland are de­ On lhe sigtii/ieauee oj Germanic ml. Acta Archaeo­ logia Lundensia, series in octavo 27. Lund. corated in Scandinavian style (WKG 1:49:5. Hook, M. & MacGregor, A., 1997. Medieval England 166:13, 207:16; 11:161:1 — 14). The decoration Archaeological collections in ilu Asmotean Museum of the Curonian spacer plates is less sophistica­ jrom Al/red Ihe l,real to Hitliard III. (Ixlord. ted, usually a characteristic geometric pattern Hoffmann, |. 1941. Dn- spätheidnische En/lur des (lig. 5). Sets from Gotland terminate in two Memettandes (10.—is. jahrh. N. d. Zw.). Königs spacer plates. Some sets with spacer plates berg. Kackiilc, R. 1993. Lietuvos motei ugalvos dangos pa- found in Zealand and Bornholm (Kyndby, piiosalai I - IV amziais. Iliillu Anheologija 191)5: Norre Sandegård) terminate in openwork spa­ 3(6)-4(7)- cer plates (Gaimster 1998, fig. 165:2-3). The Kazakevicius, V. 1993- Plinkaigalio kapinynas. En-tu Gotlandic bead sets were made of opaque pas­ vos archeologija 10. Vilnius. te, timed glass, limestone, rock crystal and am­ Kunciené, O. 1981, IX - XIII a. sliklo karoliai ber beads; also ollen adorned wilh bracteates, Lietuvoje, Uetuvos archeologija a. Vilnius. LAA 1978. Lietuvos TSR archeologijos allasas IV. Vil­ fisb-bead pendants and other pendants. nius. Sets with spacer plates spread across tlie LPA 1974. Latvijas PSR Arheologija. Riga. Curonian territory in the tenth and eleventh 1AB 19(11. Kulikauskas, 1'.; Kulikauskienc, R. & Tau- centuries. During this period the Guronians tavicius, A. Lietuvos archeologijos bruoiai Vilnius. cultivated an intense relationship with Got­ 1.1-15 1964. Eielin-iu etnogra/ijos bruoiai. Vilnius. land, which allows us to suggest ihai ihe Curo­ Mugurevic, K. 1970. Sekotorije voprosy etnileskoi istorii Kurzemev XI — XlVvekax. Vxaimosviaxi battov I jm nian bead sets were inspired by those of Got­ balliiskix jinov. Riga. land. However, bead sets with spacer plates Nerman, B. 1958. drobin -Seeburg. Ausgrabungeu und both in Gotland and in Curonia were an out­ Emilie. Stockholm. come of the 1 ivah v between Western Europé Petrenko, V. & LJrians, J. 1995. The Archaeobgical and the Byzantine Empire in desigiiing the Monuments of Grobina, Riga, Stockholm. symbols of power and prestige. Elaborate bead Radius. A. 1999. Gadsimta tenkapi latgalu ajnhivolaju teritorija un austrumlatvijas etniskas, socialas un po­ sets, appearing under Byzantine influence, were litiskas vistures jäutajumi Kiga. adapled lo adorn the ouiliis of wealthy Ger­ Tautavicius, A. 1970. Vakarinés Zemaiujos daliea IX manic ladies 011 tbc Gonliiienl (Gaimsler 1 998, - XII a. molern kepniaités. Mir.iejai ir jimnink- p. 242—243). Elaborate pectoral jewellery was /((/.Vilnius. worn by the Frankish queens, as depicted 011 - 1996. \iilmiu\sis gdeåes amzriis Lietuvoje (\ - IX the shroud of Queen Balthilde who died around a.). Vilnius. Thunmark-Nylén, L. 1995-. Die Wikingerzeit 680 AD. However, the Curonian bead sets we­ Gotlands. KVI1AA, Stockholm. re assembled locally and the spacer plales wei c Vaitkunskiené, L. 1978. Pasaginés segés kampuotais produced by local craftsmen. galais. Uetuvos TSR archeologijos allasas. IV. Vil­ nius. Translated by [rena (omanliene and revised by 1978a. Apyrankésgyvulmiaisgalais. Lietuvos TSR archeologijos allasas. IV. Vilnius. Marlin Rundkvist. - t()79- Gmtaliikés kapinynas. Lietuvos artheologija

Vaskevuiulé I, 1992. LV - XI a. ivijiuiai apgalviai. Lietuvos archeologija 8. Vilnius. Volkailé-Kiilikauskieué. R. 1959 Senovés lietuvin

liirnvännen t/O 12001) 242 Audroné Bliujiené moteru galvos danga ir jos papuosalai. In ls ttetu. Abbreviations i'iu kultums istorijos. Vilnius, 1959.T. II, p. 3—53. KrM - Kretinga Museum - 19(14. Nauji duomenysapie Vakat u Lietuvos mo­ I.DM RG- Lithuanian Art Museum, Pranas Gudynas teru galvos danga ankslyvojo feodalizmo laiko- Restoration Centre tarpiu. Lietuvos TSR mokslu akademijos ilarbai A2 LNM AR - National Museum of Lithuania, Depart­ (>7)- ment of Archaeology - 1970. LietuviailX- XII amziais. Vilnius. LVM - Stale Historical Museum of Latvia Zulkus, V, 1995. Kursiai. Hälla Archeologija 3(7). SHM - Museum of National Antiquities, Stockholm Vilnius. ZAM - Zemaiciai Museum, »Alka« WKG - Die Wikingerzeit Collands (Thunmaik-Xvlcn •995)

Sammanfattning

Kurerna är en av de historiskt mest väldoku­ motsätter sig denna tolkning eftersom dvn sak­ menterade baltiska stammarna under den yng­ nar positivt stöd i fynden. Man har påträffat en re järnåldern och äldre medeltiden, känd för grav med rester av både en ornerad mössa och sin krigiskhet och sina rikedomar. De anses en pärluppsättning med spridare, och det fö• från 500-talet och framåt ha bebott kustområ­ refaller otympligt att bära båda två på huvudet dena i nuvarande västra Lettland och nordväst­ samtidigt I stället menar Bliujiené all de ku­ ra Litauen, ett område som än idag kallas riska kvinnorna bar just en sådan mössa, eller Kurland (lett. Kurzeme). ännu oftare, ett dok av linne som är belagt från Mellan slutet av 900-talet ocb början av senare århundraden. Bada fästes med nålar i 1 200- talet bar kuriska kvinnor pärluppsäiining- håret Alla pariuppsättningar, med eller utan ar med pärlspridare av brons. Sådana smycke- spridare, bars på bröstet. uppsättningar påträffas bara i de trakter som Med hänvisning till liknande fynd från anses ha tillhört kurerna. Inom den litauiska Gotland och lidens tydligen täta kontakter arkeologin har man tidigare tolkat pärlupp- indian ön och Kurland föreslår Bliujiené lill sättningar utan spridare som bröstsmycken och sist an pärluppsättningen med spridare kan ha sådana med spridare som pannband. Pannand anammats därifrån. var vanliga i andra delar av Baltikum. Bliujiené Marlin Rundkvist

Fornvännen ()6 (2001)