Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat,

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. PROJECT INTRODUCTION

This Second Schedule Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been prepared for the Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, on Lots PT 41097 & PT 473, Mahkota Industrial Park, , Mukim Tanjung 12, Daerah Kuala Langat, Selangor Darul Ehsan by Best Eternity Recycle Technology Sdn. Bhd. (BERT) hereafter referred to as the Project. The Project site has a combined land area of approximately 114.75 acres.

The Project involves the installation of a wet pulp board plant and a packaging paper manufacturing plant. The Project will have an annual output of 800,000 tons of wet pulp board (48% dryness or 52% water content), and 700,000 tons of high-strength packaging paper. About 1.7 to 1.9 million tons of waste paper are to be recycled in this processing plant. All the raw material comprising of sorted commercial and industrial waste paper will be imported, mostly from United States and Europe.

The processing plant and auxiliary components will be constructed on the Project site with a raw water intake station located approximately 1.55 km southeast of the site on the banks of Sg Langat river.

The regional location and aerial image of the Project site is shown in Figure ES1 and Figure ES2 respectively.

The main components of the proposed Project include nine (9) major areas: i. Waste paper yard; ii. Wet pulping processing plant; iii. Packaging paper production plant; iv. Solid waste treatment plant; v. Finished products warehouse; vi. Water treatment plant; vii. Wastewater treatment plant; viii. Co-generation plant; and ix. Thermal treatment plant (Rejects Boiler)

1.1 Project Proponent

The Project Proponent is Best Eternity Recycle Technology Sdn. Bhd. (BERT), an enterprise of foreign direct investment and associated company of Lee & Man Paper Manufacturing Limited, . Lee & Man Paper was established in 1994 and is a world leading paper and pulp manufacturer.

Best Eternity Recycle Technology Sdn. Bhd. (1279344-A) Address : 35 & 35A, Jalan Emas 2, Bandar Sungai Emas, 42700 Banting, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Tel / Fax : +603-3181 1631 / +603-3181 1633

Executive Summary ES-1 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Contact : Mr. S.K. Wong, Managing Director Mr. Terrence Lim, Senior Manager Email : [email protected] [email protected]

1.2 Environmental Consultant

AGV Environment Sdn. Bhd. (AGV) has been appointed by BERT to prepare the EIA report for the Project. AGV is a multi-disciplinary consulting firm specializing in environmental, health and safety.

AGV Environment Sdn. Bhd. (1155709-T) Address : 100-06-035, Block J, 129 Offices, Jaya One, No 72A, Jalan Universiti, 46200 , Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Tel / Fax : 03-7931 1455 / 03-7931 3512 Contact Persons : Tan Kim Fong, Principal Consultant : Dr. Vijayalakshmi Samuel, Principal Consultant E-mail : [email protected] : [email protected]

2. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

The proposed Project falls under the Second Schedule, Item 6, Industry (e): Pulp or Pulp and Paper with production capacity of 50 tonnes or more per day, of the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order, 2015. The Project will have a production capacity of 2,400 tonnes/day wet pulp board and 1,650 tonnes/day packaging paper.

The Project will include a 60 MW natural gas co-generation plant and solid waste thermal treatment plant (Rejects Boiler) which is essentially a waste-to-energy as it generates steam for the production process. Therefore, the Project is also captured under:

• First Schedule, Item 11, Power Generation and Transmission (a): Construction of steam generated power station using fossil fuels (other than coal) and having the capacity of 10 megawatts or more, with or without transmission line; • Second Schedule, Item 14 (a) (i) Scheduled Waste: Construction of a thermal treatment plant; and • Second Schedule, Item 14 (b) (i) Solid Waste: Construction of a thermal treatment plant

The Terms of Reference (TOR) for the EIA study was endorsed by DOE Putrajaya in a letter dated 7th November 2018.

A report on the Sg. Langat Water Availability Study prepared by AGV Environment Sdn. Bhd. in collaboration with G&P Water & Maritime Sdn. Bhd. was submitted to the Lembaga Urus Air Selangor (LUAS) on 17th December 2018, for approval of the river water abstraction.

Executive Summary ES-2 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

3. STATEMENT OF NEED

In 2016, the production of boxboard and corrugated paper in China was 23.05 million tons and 22.7 million tons respectively, while their respective consumption was 23.64 million tons and 22.7 million tons. These productions had a total pulp consumption of 97.97 million tons, of which 65% was recycled waste paper pulp. Of this amount, 23.1 million tons of waste paper pulp were imported from overseas and accounts for 24% of the total pulp consumption. In 2017, it is estimated that the new production capacity was to increase 144.73% year-on-year. Therefore, with the increasing demand for boxboard and corrugated paper globally, the need for recycled waste paper pulp has increased significantly.

In addition, the proposed Project is wholly in line with the Malaysian Government’s efforts to encourage foreign direct investment (FDI). The Project is expected to generate an annual revenue of RM 1.1 billion and contribute RM 50 million in profit tax to Malaysia. Furthermore, a trade surplus of USD 100 Million is expected to be generated.

The proposed Project will employ a total of 1,200 employees, mostly comprising of locals.

4. PROJECT OPTIONS

4.1 Build-Out versus No-Build Option

The Build-Out option would entail the installation of the wet pulp board processing plant within the Mahkota Industrial Park, Tanjung 12 and the environmental and social benefits accrued as a result of the Project will be realised. The environmental impacts arising from the Project and the significance of these impacts in the long term will also be presented. Under the No Build Option, the implications of not carrying out the expansion will be described and this includes any potential long-term adverse impacts to the environment and/or social issues.

4.2 Technology Options

BERT uses a horizontal arrangement which consist of more branches and more pulp feeding points which uses lower pulp concentration. With more points to feed the pulp, the pulp force can be maintained for a longer time, efficient removal of slag, resulting in cleaner pulp.

The improved refiner technology that will be incorporated into the production process is the multi- section refiner. This refiner enables effective breaking of the primary wall and secondary wall outer layer, making the fibre fully embellish after completion. It has a higher efficiency of refining the product and pulp, achieving improved final product and lower power consumption.

Serrated vacuum panels will be used in the production process, which provide a larger surface area to absorb water and moisture from paper. This feature effectively balances the non-uniformity caused by the fluctuation of vacuum and enable the production of paper with higher quality.

4.3 Pollution Control Options

Executive Summary ES-3 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

4.3.1 Wastewater Treatment Plant i. Biological Treatment - Anaerobic and aerobic biological treatment system will be used as it provides a higher rate of pollutant removal such as COD, BOD and TSS compared to other types of systems. The benefits include less space required for equipment layout and lower energy consumption. ii. Sedimentation Method - a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system will be included after the second stage sedimentation, to enable lighter suspended solids to float up and be removed. iii. Screening Process – an inclined screen to remove paper fibre and reuse in the production process. This additional screening process is not commonly in the industry where these residue fibres are scrapped after sedimentation. iv. Sludge Press - filter press instead of the belt press, as it is able to achieve a much higher dryness (50%) in the sludge.

4.3.2 Thermal Treatment and Air Pollution Control i. Thermal Treatment System Advanced Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) type thermal treatment plant will be installed where rejects will need to be sorted. The CFB Rejects Boiler is able to achieve near to complete combustion and temperatures are more uniformed compared to the moving grate incinerator, which will result in lower NOx, CO and dioxin emissions. ii. De-sulphurization System The CFB type Turbo Reactor tower for de-sulphurization will be installed. The Turbo Reactor contains moisten lime powders blown up by strong air draught. The high concentration of lime will result in vigorous reaction to absorb acidic gases with over 95% removal rate of SO2. iii. Fabric Filter A two-stage fabric filter system will be used instead of the usual one-stage fabric filter commonly used in the industry, to improve removal of particulates. The first filter will be placed after the Turbo Reactor and the second filter will be after the active carbon injection system.

Executive Summary ES-4 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

5.1 Project Location

The Project site of approximately 115 acres occupies the western end of the Mahkota Industrial Park, a planned industrial area which has total area of 181.05 hectares (447.39 acres). The industrial park is approximately 1.2 km east of the Sungai Manggis town, 6 km northeast of Banting, 30 km southeast of town and 45 km southwesterly of city centre. The coordinates of the proposed BERT facility is outlined in Table ES1.

Table ES1: Coordinates of Project Site Point Coordinates 1 2° 50' 15.3" N; 101° 32' 25.4" E 2 2°50' 05.1" N; 101° 32' 32.8" E 3 2° 49' 46.2" N; 101° 32' 34.8" E 4 2° 49' 42.9" N; 101° 32' 23.4" E 5 2° 49' 58.0" N; 101° 32' 07.0" E

5.2 Project Components

The main components of the Project that will be installed are listed in Table ES2. The Project layout is shown in Figure ES3.

Table ES2: List of Project Components Category Components 1. Production Plants Wet Pulp production plant Packaging Paper manufacturing plant 2. Storage Areas Waste paper yard Finished products warehouse 3. Facilities Raw Water Intake Station Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Solids Waste Treatment Plant Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) 4. Common Utilities Cogeneration plant Rejects Boiler (waste-to-energy plant) TNB substation Sewage treatment plant (STP)

5.3 Raw Materials

The Project's raw material is waste boxboard paper, mainly imported from the United States, Europe and other countries. BERT currently has secured waste paper acquisition and transportation channels from the abovementioned countries which can guarantee the supply of waste paper raw materials. In addition, the company has in place its waste acceptance criteria (WAC) for the waste papers received.

Executive Summary ES-5 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

5.4 Process Description

The wet pulp board is produced by recycling imported waste paper from the United States and/or Europe as raw material. The processed wet pulp board (48% dryness or 52% water content) after cutting and packaging is considered as semi-finished products which will be export for further process. The packaging paper will be for export (85%), local consumption (10%) and free zone market (5%).

5.4.1 Wet Pulp Board Production

(i) Waste Paper Pulping Process • Removal of heavy impurities and stored in the dump tower • Slurry from the dump tower passes through primary and secondary sifter before reaching pulp thickener to increase the pulp concentration • Slurry is sent to the concentrated slurry pool and then to the double-net six-pressure filter wet pulp machine to produce the wet pulp board

(ii) Wet Pulping Process • Slurry with a concentration of 4-5% pulp is buffered and evenly distributed between two nets • Pulp layer is further pressed under high roller pressure to further intensify dewatering • After the six hydration zones of dual-wire press filter wet pulp machine, the slurry concentration achieves 48%

(iii) Pulp Cutting & Packaging • Pulp board is cut into a certain size of wet pulp board as required • Wet pulp board are conveyed and sent to the weighing unit • Wet pulp boards are then passed through the bale press, aligning, packing then temporarily stored before tying up, coding etc. and sent into warehouse for storage.

5.4.2 Packaging Paper Production

(i) Waste Paper Preparation • Imported Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) (90%) and Unbleached Kraft Pulp (UKP) (10%) are prepared in stages including high concentration filtering, coarse screening, fine screening, heat dispersion, and refining • UKP is prepared in a similar manner with addition of two stages of fibre splitting and crushing

(ii) Production Line Process There are two papermaking machine lines i.e. (i) the OCC Line and (ii) UKP Line. • In the OCC Line, fibres are separated into 3 lengths (short, medium and long) • Short fibres are further processed through a filter plate and heat dispersion • Medium fibre is separated to light filtration system to remove light impurities, followed by disc filter systems, heat dispersion and grinding discs • Long fibres mixed with impurities will go through fine screening equipment before being treated with disc filters, heat dispersion and grinding discs • In the UKP Line, Kraft sheet is shredded by hydraulic grinder, and then filtered

Executive Summary ES-6 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

• It is then sent through the grinding machine to achieve different grinding level in accordance to production demand

(iii) Impurities Removal and Pulp Treatment • OCC is shredded into pulp fibre of different lengths and waste material will be separated and channelled out for waste processing • The high concentration filtration equipment will filter out metal, glasses and stones • Pulp then goes through 5 phases of filtration device to remove impurities of sand and gravel • The pulp line reaches the level 1 pulp screening equipment to separate short fibres • Pulp is heated to about 85 – 150ºC using high pressure steam to soften the impurities • A grinding disc is used to reduce the size of the particle contaminants • At the level 2 screening, long fibre pulp will be separated before shredding for the second time • Fibres are separated into long, medium and short to be processed separately • Medium fibres pass through the filtering stages to filter impurities thoroughly • Next, medium fibre will go will be blended with the original pulp to improve the pulp quality • Long fibre pulp stream is processed and further fine screened through three stages using continuous wavy sieve with slot of 0.2 mm to remove impurities before pulp concentration • The fibres are then grinded to develop the best pulp for paper making

(iv) Paper Manufacturing Process • Slurry is dewatered by gravity, vacuum suction, and doctoring to form a wet paper sheet with a specified strength • Wet paper sheet is further dewatered using mechanical pressing • At the Drying section, the paper web will be dried to the standard and uniform moisture • At the Sizer Section, a coat or layer of modified starch and water-resistant substances will be evenly applied on the surface to make the paper stronger and water resistant • Paper is smoothened by pressure of the upper and lower rolls at the Calendaring Section • Paper web will be rolled into a jumbo roll of a specified diameter for further processing • Finally, the jumbo roll will be cut into the diameter and width of the customer's specifications

5.4.3 Water Supply and Treatment

The Project will abstract raw water supply from Sg. Langat on an average daily abstraction volume of 35,500 cubic meters per day (m3/d) or 35.5 million litres per day (MLD). The maximum volume of water abstraction will be 45,000 m3/d (45 MLD) on occasions not exceeding 10% of the time.

The water intake plant will be located approximately 1.55 km southeast of the plant on the river reserve land on the northern bank of Sg. Langat. The river water abstracted will be pumped via a pipeline to a Water Treatment Plant (WTP) located at the southern portion of the Project site. The WTP will have a design capacity to treat 45,000 m3/day of raw water.

Of the 35,500 m3/day of water used in the process, 6,500 m3/d (19%) will be consumed (contained in the products and evaporative loss) and reused in the production while 29,000 m3/d will be treated

Executive Summary ES-7 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) discharged back to the river in the form of treated effluent.

5.4.4 Wastewater Treatment Plant

On average, 29,000 m3/d of wastewater will be treated and returned to the river, at discharge flowrate of approximately 1,210 m3/hour. However, due to fluctuations in the water abstraction and production processes, the WWTP will have an excess design capacity of 45,000 m3/d.

The wastewater treatment process for the proposed Project involves a three-stage treatment process, involving (i) primary physical treatment, (ii) biological treatment and (iii) floatation and filtration. The WWTP is expected to be able to treat effluent parameters such as BOD, COD, TSS and pH to meet the Standard A discharge limits of the Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) Regulations 2009, although the Project is only required to meet Standard B effluent quality, being located downstream of water intake stations for potable water supply.

5.4.5 Solid Waste Treatment Plant

Solid residues generated from the production of wet pulp board and paper making is mainly the waste residues during the waste paper processing. Solid residues from the production process will be washed and recovered in the Solid Waste Treatment Plant (SWTP). The SWTP employs an advanced water washing line to separate and recover the various components of wastes, namely plastics, metals, pulp, and waste residues (sand, sludge etc.).

Steel and aluminium residue extracted from the SWTP will be sold to licensed recycling facilities. Waste pulp fibre is filtered and sent back into production to minimize waste generated. The remaining waste residue which makes up roughly 51% of the combined wastes from the SWTP, will be made into RDF for combustion in the Rejects Boiler, external industrial boilers, or disposed in landfill.

Almost all of the waste residue produced in this Project will be recycled and reused, avoiding any kind of secondary pollution.

5.4.6 Cogeneration Plant

The Project will include cogeneration plant that operates on natural gas. There will be two (2) gas turbines with a combined capacity of 60 MW and generate steam at 85 tonnes/hr. The heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) will recover heat from the hot gas stream to produce steam to be used in the paper machine for paper drying process. A 35 MW steam turbine will be installed to recover energy and generate electricity during low pressure steam from the HRSG.

5.4.7 Rejects Boiler

The proposed Project will include a Rejects Boiler (waste-to-energy plant) with a rated steam production of 140 t/h which is based on circulating fluidized bed (CFB) technology. The Project Proponent intends to co-fire the waste solids such as glass rejects, pulp rejects, ditch sludge and wastewater sludge with coal in the rejects boiler to generate steam for production use.

Executive Summary ES-8 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Flue gas from the boiler will be treated with a flue gas treatment system which consists of Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) de-NOx system, CFB type semi-dry desulphurization system, activated carbon powder absorption system and two stages of Fabric Filters to ensure pollutants in emission is well within Clean Air 2014 regulation.

5.4.8 Sewage Treatment Plant

The proposed Project will include an on-site Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) with a design capacity of 525 Population Equivalent (PE) which will cater for 1,200 workers. The STP will be located at the southern portion of the Project site near the WTP. The final effluent discharge of the STP will comply with Standard A of the Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations, 2009. The STP design will be based on the extended aeration system with an average daily discharge of approximately 118 m3/d.

5.4.9 Warehouse

There will be six (6) warehouses which will be located at the southwestern portion of the Project site. Two of the warehouses will be used to store the finished products and the remaining warehouses will store the waste paper (raw materials).

5.5 Project Implementation Schedule

The Project is expected to take 22 months starting from the planning and design stages to the commencement of operations. Plant operations are expected to start by August 2020.

6. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

6.1 Topography

Areas in the vicinity of the Project site are generally flat, not exceeding 50 m MSL. The ground elevation of the Project site is approximately 9 m MSL at the eastern boundary and 13 m MSL towards the northern boundary. Coastal shorelines are approximately 14 km southwest of the Project site.

6.2 Hydrology and Hydrogeology

6.2.1 Catchment and River System Sg Langat river basin has a total catchment area of 2,348 km2 up to the river mouth. The catchment area at the proposed Intake is 1,830 km2, about 78% of Sg. Langat river basin. Sg. Langat has a total length of about 180 km. The location of the proposed Intake is about 41.5 km from the Sg Langat Southern Channel river mouth.

Sg. Langat Basin is drained by three (3) major tributaries – Sg. Langat, Sg. , and Sg. Labu. The main tributary, Sg. Langat, flows about 182 km from the main range (Banjaran Titiwangsa) at the northeast of and drains southwesterly into the Straits of Malacca. Sg. Langat joins with Sg. Semenyih after Bangi town. After the point of confluence with Sg. Semenyih, the river flows in a westerly direction until town. The river flow in a southerly direction after Sepang town and converges with Sg. Labu at about 14.7 km downstream. After the

Executive Summary ES-9 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor confluence with Sg. Labu, Sg. Langat meanders towards the coast passing by the Project site near Kampung Tengah, Kuala Langat and major towns of Banting, and prior to its discharge into the sea via the northern and southern channels. The northern channel flows into Selat Lumut (between mainland and ) while the southern channel flows directly into Straits of Melaka.

6.2.2 Rainfall Stations 32 DID rainfall stations are located in and around Sg. Langat Basin which could well represent the rainfall characteristics of the river basin. During the north-east monsoon in the month of November to December and inter-monsoon period in the months of April and September to October, Sg. Langat Basin and the Project site itself experiences wetter months with and average monthly rainfall of about 220 mm. The mean annual rainfall of Sg. Langat basin is about 2,100 mm.

6.2.3 Flow Regime Sg. Langat at (2816441) is located nearest to the Proposed Intake at about 24 km upstream and commands a catchment area of about 1,240 km2. Based on the historical data of Dengkil (1963 - 2015), the mean annual flow is about 34 m3/s. Higher flow is observed within the months of April to May and October to December with a mean monthly flow ranging from 37 m3/s to 66 m3/s. Lower flow is observed in February and June to August with a mean monthly flow of 19 m3/s to 24 m3/s.

6.2.4 Hydrogeology Groundwater in Selangor can be found in alluvial and hard-rock aquifers (meta-sediments, limestone, and granite). The Project Site is located at a very high groundwater aquifer region. Nevertheless, there is no current and future planned usage of the groundwater by this Project. Based on the groundwater sampling from 8 boreholes and analysis conducted, VOCs, SVOCs and TPH were not detected. However, heavy metals were reportedly detected in the groundwater samples.

6.3 Geology and Soil

Based on the Geological Map of Peninsular Malaysia (1985), the Project site and the regional geological settings comprises of unconsolidated Quaternary continental deposits, which overlie the sedimentary bedrock of Kenny Hill Formation.

Soil investigation (SI) was carried out in July 2018 by drilling nine (9) boreholes to assess the existing soil condition of the project site. The SI work also included standard penetration test, disturbed and undisturbed soil sampling for visual examination and laboratory testing.

6.4 Climate and Meteorology

The Project site experiences a tropical climate like the rest of Malaysia with several variations attributed to the location differences, elevations, as well as humidity and intensity of development.

The annual daily (24-hour) mean temperature recorded in KLIA Sepang was 27.8°C with the highest temperature recorded in April 2016 at 29.3°C. At the other end of the scale, the lowest

Executive Summary ES-10 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor monthly mean temperature was recorded in November 2016 at 26.6oC while the annual daily relative humidity mean reading was recorded at approximately 77.7%.

The wettest month was November with a mean monthly rainfall of 393 mm and 22 rainy days. On the other hand, the driest month was June with an average rainfall of 81.1 mm while the lowest rain days was February of 5 days. On the annual basis, the mean rainfall recorded was 1,952.5 mm with the annual mean rain days of 160 days.

Wind speed in that area is relatively consistent throughout the 4-year period 2013 - 2016 with minimal spikes in the earlier months. The wind speed mainly fluctuates between 1.6 m/s to 2.6 m/s.

6.5 Landuse

Based on the environmentally sensitive area (ESA) classification described above, there are no environmental sensitive areas (ESA) within the immediate impact zone (5 km) of the Project site. The three ESA located beyond 5 km and their distances from the Project site are listed below:

• Bukit Forest Reserve (14 km, due northwest); • Labohan Dagangan Water Treatment Plant (10 km east, upstream); and • Paya Indah Wetlands (9 km, north)

The Project site is surrounded by industrial areas comprising of an industrial gas production and bottling plant, a scientific glassware manufacturing plant, a graphite electrode plant, an automotive component manufacturer and a solar panel component manufacturer, located within 1 km to the south and within 4 km to the east of the Project site.

6.6 Ecology

A total of five (5) major phyla of phytoplankton were recorded at the study area, namely Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanophyta and Dinoflagellate. Among the phyla listed, Chlorophyta was found to be the most abundant phylum, contributing to 67.5% of the total phytoplankton density, followed by Bacillariophyta (14.2%) and Dinoflagellata (9.0%).

A total of three (3) major phyla of zooplankton, i.e. Rotifera, Arthropoda and Protozoa were recorded at the study area. Rotifera was the most dominant phylum in terms of density, where they account for 65.6% of the total zooplankton density, followed by Arthropoda (32.6%) and Rotifera (1.8%).

Three (3) major phyla i.e. Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca were recorded at the study area. Annelida was the most dominant phylum, consisting of 89.1% of the total macrobenthic fauna, while Arthropoda and Mollusca contributed 10.3% and 0.6% respectively.

During the study, one (1) individual fish was caught at F1 i.e Lampam, Silver Carp (Barbonymus gonionotus) from Family Cyprinidae, and 15 individuals at F2 i.e. 11 individuals of Patin, Freshwater Catfish (Pangasianodon hypothalmus) from Family Pangasiidae, two (2) individuals each of Keli Afrika, African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Family Clariidae and Ikan Bandaraya, Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus) from Family Loricariidae.

Executive Summary ES-11 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

On riparian vegetation, Berembang (Sonneratia caseolaris) and Nipah (Nypa fruticans) listed as least concern (LC) in IUCN Red List of Endangered Species and the other species are not listed. All species countered in the survey are very common throughout the country, within the same habitat condition.

6.7 Socio-Economy

The socio-economic study covered a 5-km radius from the boundary of the proposed Project site within Mukim , . The field survey was conducted from 20th to 23rd September 2018. There were 12 major settlements selected within the 5 km zone around the Project site. A total of 297 questionnaires were completed out of a total of 21,669 housing units.

Majority or 52.2% of the study area are in the younger age group (40 years and below), followed by one-fifth of middle age 41-50 years, and the older group of 61 years and more (12.1%). Thus, the population of the study area had younger population than the older and dependent category.

Overall, the population as represented by the sample may be considered as an educated community. More than half (60.6%) had gone through secondary education and more than one- quarter had attained tertiary level of education, with a significant number (9.1%) reaching the university level.

Generally, the people of the district earned average income. Those earning RM2,500.00 and above made up of only one-quarter (25.1%) of the sample. More than half (59.3%) were low earners of below RM2,000.00 per month

6.8 Community Health

Generally, the area surrounding the Project site has adequate coverage of safe drinking supply, sanitary toilet and electricity. The disease burden of the area is not great as most of communicable diseases were well below the rate of the State of Selangor. However, dengue fever and STI are two important diseases that require special attention in the study area

6.9 Traffic

Access to the Project site in Mahkota Industrial Park (MIP) is via the Federal Route 31 (FR31) at the signalized junction which leads to the industrial park internal road, a 2-lane dual carriageway road. Federal Route 31 (FR31) (Jalan Banting - Dengkil) is an arterial road that connects to Federal Route 5 (West Coast Highway) to the west and Federal Route 29 (Putrajaya- Expressway) to the east. It is a 2-lane single carriageway road with carrying capacity of 2,000 pcu/hour for both directions.

The current traffic flow of FR31 at the MIP stretch is operating at a critical level of service (LOS F) and experiencing forced flow. Its morning and evening peak hour traffic has already breeched its volume/capacity at ratios of 1.51 and 1.50 respectively. This route needs upgrading even with the present traffic volume.

Executive Summary ES-12 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

6.10 Environmental Baseline Investigation

6.10.1 Air Quality Monitoring

(i) Ambient Air Quality The results of ambient air monitoring showed that the 24-hour averaging concentrations of 3 particulate matters PM10 and PM2.5 at all locations were below the respective limits of 120 μg/m 3 and 50 μg/m . As for gaseous and heavy metal pollutants, the SO2, NO2, HCl, HF and Hg (mercury) were all not detected at all five stations. For CO, the levels were lower than the limit of 10 mg/m3 for all locations. All the ambient air quality monitoring results complied with the respective limits in the Malaysia Ambient Air Quality Standard (MAAQS)

Dioxin and Furan measurement at stations A2 and A5 showed that the overall I-TEQ concentration of 0.000001 ng/Nm3 for both locations. However, there was no limit stipulated under MAAQS IT-2 (2018).

(ii) Odour Sampling Perceived odour concentrations obtained from the baseline odour sampling carried out on 16 August 2018 indicates that the Project site and its surrounding areas do not experience objectionable smell. The highest D/T for unpleasant smells perceived through this sampling exercise was 2 D/T which is below the objectionable level of 7 D/T for the odour sensitive receptor. The perceived odours/smells at the Project site and surrounding areas are typical of rural setting with the localised rural activity, industrial activity and vehicle movements along the main road.

6.10.2 Noise and Vibration

Baseline noise monitoring results showed that all average LAeq readings recorded during daytime and night time at all seven (7) noise monitoring locations were lower than the respective noise limits of 70 dBA and 60 dBA under Schedule 1 for Designated Industrial Zones in “The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control”. Noise sources observed at these locations were related to vehicular movements along the main road and carpark area, soil reclamation activities nearby and residential activities.

6.10.3 Water Quality

Baseline river water quality monitoring was conducted twice (24th July 2018 and 24th October 2018). Results from the river water quality monitoring in July 2018, all parameters are within the Class IIB limits, except for COD, TSS, Manganese, Iron, AN, Turbidity, Fluoride and TP. Fluoride exceeded the Class IIB limit at W3 (High Tide only) and W4 while TP exceeded the Class IIB limit at W1 (High Tide only), W2 and W4.

As for October 2018 sampling, most of the parameters are within the Class IIB limits except TSS, Iron, Turbidity, COD, Manganese and AN. COD exceeded the Class IIB limit at W3 (Low Tide only) and W4, Manganese at W3 (High Tide only), AN at W1 & W3 & W4, and TP at W4. In other words, the results obtained in October 2018 were better than in July 2018, indicating better water quality during the raining period in October compared to dry period in July.

Executive Summary ES-13 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

The calculated WQI for Sg. Langat based on the monitoring conducted in October 2018 generally falls under “Slightly Polluted” class, having WQI of Class III.

7. EVALUATION OF IMPACTS

7.1 Hydrology and Hydrogeology

7.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase

The construction phase will involve land clearing and construction activities of the proposed Project. The Project site of 114.75 acres is currently planted with vegetable and fruits. During the construction phase, vegetable and fruit trees will be cleared which in turn may increase the stormwater runoff from the Project site. The increased runoff will be discharged into the nearby detention pond prior to discharge out to Sg. Langat. However, the increase is expected to be small as compared with the Sg. Langat flow originated from the catchment area of 1,830 km2. This insignificant and temporary increase in storm runoff is unlikely to have any impact on the flow regime of Sg. Langat.

7.1.2 Impacts During Operational Phase

i. Hydraulic Impact on Sungai Langat Under the 7Q50 low flow condition considering Labohan Dagang WTP future ultimate abstraction of 400 MLD at the upstream, the reduction of water level due to BERT operation is less than 1 mm, which is insignificantly small. Due to the larger river storage of Sg. Langat and tidal backflow replenishment, the nett consumptive use of 6.5 MLD is not expected to cause any significant changes in the river WL and flow availability to Sg. Langat downstream river reach. Hence, there is negligible hydraulic impact in terms of water level reduction at the Project area and the downstream area.

ii. Potential Impacts Due to Water Availability at Sg. Langat The 95-percentile flow of 4.71 m3/s indicates the normal low flow as this flow is being equal to or exceeded at 95 percent of the time in a year while the 10-percentile flow of about 98.42 m3/s indicates the normal high flow as it is only being equal to or exceeded at 10 percent of the time in a year.

Of the 35.5 MLD of water abstracted, about 82% (29 MLD) is returned to Sg. Langat as effluent discharge. This indicates that the nett consumptive water is about 18% or only 6.5 MLD from Sg. Langat. As there are no major water abstraction activities located downstream of the proposed intake, it can be concluded that there shall be no significant impact to downstream water users. Besides, the tidal backflow along this reach will provide additional resources for water abstraction.

iii. Potential Increase in Stormwater Runoff The current Project site of 114.75 acres or 46 ha is located within the catchment area which shall discharge into the Main Drain A and Detention Pond A. As the design of the Main Drain A and Detention Pond A has taken into consideration of all the ultimate development in the catchment, the increased in the storm runoff due to the proposed Project is not likely to cause any impact to the main drain, detention pond and Sg. Langat.

Executive Summary ES-14 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

iv. Potential Impact to Hydrogeology Regime The water abstraction from Sg. Langat for the plant usage is not expected to have any impact on the hydrogeology regime as the raw water abstraction will be drawn from Sg. Langat and not from the groundwater. Moreover, the effluent discharge will be conveyed directly to Sg. Langat and not seeping into the groundwater.

7.2 Soil Erosion

For the Existing Condition (pre-development), 100% of the site falls within the Low Erosion Risk category. The annual soil loss is estimated to be around 0.007 t/ha/yr.

Worst-Case scenario (without control measures) indicates about 35.195 hectares (75.97%) of the site will be subject to Low Erosion risk. 20.42% falls under the Moderate Erosion Risk category and 1.06% falls within the Critical Erosion Risk category. With no control measures, the potential soil loss rate is expected to be about 5.98 t/ha/yr.

For Scenario 3 (With Control Measures), the entire site also falls within the Low Risk category with a total annual soil loss rate of about 0.003 t/ha/yr. This suggests that the usage of Best Management Practices along with other erosion control measures will significantly reduce the risk of soil erosion.

There is only a minimal variation between the Existing and Worst-Case scenario due to the relatively flat topographical conditions at site, leading to the low erosion risk rates.

7.3 Air Quality

7.3.1 Impacts During Construction Phase The main sources of air pollution include land clearing, excavating, backfilling, compacting, and grading of the Project footprint. The main air pollutant from this activity would be fugitive particulate matters (PM). Other sources of air pollutant would be heavy equipment and vehicular emissions during platform development, transportation, construction of road, plant and supporting facility.

The area of influence for fugitive dust is anticipated to be localized within the construction area (usually <50m away). The duration of impact for the construction phase will be short-term to medium term.

7.3.2 Impacts During Operational Phase The air quality model used in the air dispersion modelling exercise was USEPA AERMOD. Air modelling was carried out for both normal operations as well as abnormal conditions condition where air pollution control system fails with untreated emissions for 1 hour. Pollutants modelled were PM10/PM2.5, NO2, SO2, HCl, HF, metals (Hg, Cd, Tl, Cd) and PCDD/PCDF.

The air modelling results indicates that during normal operation, the contribution of identified criteria air pollutants from the Project to the surrounding environment was assessed to be minimal. For the nearest identified Air Sensitive Receptor (ASR) i.e. ASR2: JKR Quarters Area which is about 53 m southwest from the Project boundary, the predicted MAICs for the criteria air pollutants

Executive Summary ES-15 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor were still within the MAAQS 2013 (Standard 2020) due to the orientation of the point sources away (300 m) from the surrounding ASRs i.e. located at the eastern portion of the Project site. However, the predicted 1-hour averaging time particularly PM10/PM2.5 during abnormal situation is assessed to have significant impact to the surrounding areas.

7.4 Noise and Vibration

7.4.1 Impacts During Construction Phase Noise assessment indicated that for the worst-case scenario, construction noise at the boundary of the Project site range from 64 to 71 dBA. While at the receptor N2A (JKR Quarters) and N3A (Taman Bakti), construction noise dispersed to the receptors are predicted at 65.8 and 64.9 dBA respectively.

With the hoarding, cumulative noise at the Project boundaries will range between 56 to 70 dBA, well within the Schedule 1 limit for industrial zone. With the installation of 3 m height hoarding along the southwestern boundaries, construction noise dispersed to N2A and N3A could be reduced to 58.1 and 57.3 dBA respectively with a cumulative noise of 59.1 dBA at both N2A and N3A. The predicted level slightly exceeded the Schedule 3 levels for both receptor sites. However, it should be noted that the modelling was based on worst-case scenario with assumption that piling machines are in full operation.

The assessment indicated that moderate impact is predicted to the receptor at the southwestern and southern boundaries with maximum increase of 7 dBA noise level. However, this will be temporary and occurring for a short duration of time when piling works approaches these boundaries.

7.4.2 Impacts During Operational Phase Operational noise for the Project was simulated for 24 hours basis. Operational noise at the Project site boundary are predicted in range of 41.2 dBA to 58.2 dBA for worst case condition with all sources in full operation simultaneously. Lower noise of below 48 dBA are predicted at the southwestern boundary as most noise sources are located at the center and eastern portion of the Project site.

The findings indicated that upon full operation of the plant, boundary noise within the Project boundaries are predicted well within the reference limits of 70 dBA for day and 60 dBA for night. Similarly, noise at the receptors are predicted well within their respective day and night time reference limits as proposed based on Schedule 3 criteria.

Noise level change at the receptor sites are predicted mostly below 1 dB with the highest 2 dB for night time noise at the JKR Quarters. Since the changes are less than 3 dB therefore it is predicted to be barely perceptible and the impact will be not be significant.

7.5 Water Quality

7.5.1 Impacts During Construction Phase During the construction phase, the Project area will be cleared, levelled to prepare for the buildings and infrastructure construction. At this stage, the only potential WQ threat to the downstream river

Executive Summary ES-16 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor is sediment and TSS outflow due to the land disturbing activities. The WQ impact as a result of increased TSS outflow on Sg. Langat is indirect due to the fact that the detention pond will be acting as second defence sediment basin to contain the sediment and TSS outflow prior to discharge into Sg. Langat.

7.5.2 Impacts During Operational Phase

(i) Low Flow Scenario Upon operation of the plant, effluent discharge will be released after the treatment from the WWTP. Under the 95th percentile low flow condition, the simulated WQ concentrations of all the parameters during plant operation are only marginally deteriorated as compared with baseline scenario and all the WQ parameters still remain in the same class. The effluent discharge complying with Standard A will not cause any significant change on the downstream WQ.

(ii) Normal Flow Scenario Overall, WQ condition improves under the normal flow condition compared to 95th percentile low flow condition. The simulated WQ concentrations of all the parameters during Project operation are only marginally deteriorated compared with baseline scenario. The differences in concentration values for each parameter are small that the overall WQI for all the parameters are still maintained within same class regardless of tide condition.

The insignificant impact on Sg. Langat water quality due to the BERT Project could be attributed to the small effluent discharge quantity (29 MLD) as compared to the large Sg. Langat flow volume. The large storage capacity of Sg. Langat with its wide and deep channel, coupled with the tidal backflows, has the capacity to dilute the effluent discharge.

In summary, the changes to water quality is minimal within the BERT proposed Intake and effluent discharge point vicinity. It can be concluded that the Project does not pose significant impact to the water quality of Sg. Langat.

7.6 Waste Management

7.6.1 Impacts During Construction Phase The potential impacts arising from improper management of the construction, municipal and scheduled wastes include the following:

• Odour nuisance from decaying organic and food wastes from municipal wastes; • Improper disposal of putrescible municipal wastes on-site would attract disease carrying rodents and insects. This may result in public health impacts within nearby residential areas. • Grouting material, oil & grease, paint, etc. may potentially contaminate surface runoff. • Indiscriminate dumping of construction waste (municipal and scheduled) at open areas may potentially contribute to soil and groundwater contamination. • Improperly managed wastes will be washed into the temporary drainage channels during rainfall events potentially obstructing the drainage flow. • Aesthetic issues due to poor management of the wastes.

Executive Summary ES-17 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

• Wastes are potential fire hazards within the site, if uncontrolled can spread to surrounding areas.

7.6.2 Impacts During Operational Phase Waste generated from the production plants will comprise of mainly metals, plastics and waste residue which will be separated and recovered in the Solid Waste Treatment Plant (SWTP). Almost all of the wastes generated from the production processes will be recycle and reused into secondary “products”. Other non-recoverable wastes will be disposed in the Rejects Boiler or to landfill.

Overall, the impacts arising in terms of waste management is expected to be minimal during operation and can be mitigated with the implementation of appropriate waste management practices.

7.7 Quantitative Risk Assessment

The credible scenario consequences assessed does not reach involuntary recipients of industrial risk surrounding the project, which comply with DOE’s risk acceptance criteria.

• Hazard zones contour does not reach involuntary recipients of industrial risk: o 37.5 kW/m2 heat radiation hazard zone; and o 0.21 bar explosion overpressure

• Industrial Risk (IR) Contours: o There is no result for 1 x 10-5 per year IR contour for the proposed Project; and o 1 x 10-6 per year IR contour slightly goes beyond the plant boundary but does not encompass involuntary recipients of industrial risks such as residential areas, schools, hospitals, and places of continuous occupancy, etc.

The risks have been assessed on a conservative basis, both in terms of consequences, worst case process conditions, maximum releases rates, no account taken of site drainage/spill containment systems, frequency, operator intervention to prevent or minimise releases and no credit has been taken to account for the site Safety Management System.

7.8 Ecology

7.8.1 Impacts During Construction Phase

Potential increase in soil erosion during the construction phase are due to intense precipitation events (rain) and nature of the soil. The increase in SS in would lead to the rise of water temperature due to greater heat absorption by the suspended particles, which in turn, would reduce DO concentrations. This will lead to retardation of primary productivity through reducing light penetration, thereby suppressing photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton, algae and macrophytes. Fewer photosynthetic organisms will be available as food sources for many invertebrates.

Executive Summary ES-18 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

7.8.2 Impacts During Operational Phase

The abstraction of water can potentially lead to the reduction of water levels and changes in river flow. However, based on water availability analysis, the reduction in the river flow is insignificant. In addition, the abstraction of water could potentially cause fish and other aquatic species as well as their hatchlings to be drawn into the water intake. This can lead to the reduction in population and imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem.

Water quality may deteriorate due to effluent from the Plant. This would create unfavourable conditions for most aquatic organisms and decrease the survival rate due to the high temperatures, low DO, high BOD, high TSS and high nutrients in the water.

The water quality modeling indicated that during the plant operation stage, under low flow conditions, the concentration of all the parameters are marginally deteriorated as compared to the baseline data. Under the normal flow condition, the simulated concentrations of all the parameters are expected to be slightly better with only slight deterioration compared to the baseline data. In the event of system treatment failure (worst case), there will be no significant change from the baseline levels during both low and normal flow conditions. Where aquatic biological resources are concerned, the baseline levels had already exceeded the safe limits, thus with small change in water quality concentrations, the proposed Project is not expected to cause significant impact on the aquatic organisms.

7.9 Socio-Economy

The sampled respondents (297 individuals) represented a fairly well educated lower to lower- middle income community in a Malay majority semi-urban setting. The few traditional settlements were socially urbanized and found to be generally fairly comfortable, socially and economically. It is a generally young community with more than half were 40 years and below, which signals a good human resource base.

From the analysis of the responses on perceived impact of the paper production processes the following conclusions may be drawn about the people of the study area:

i. They were generally very positive about development programs, and were amenable if not receptive. ii. They were knowledgeable about development and appeared able to appreciate industrial processes leading to ability to evaluate the pros and cons of industries’ operations. Thus, they were able to indicate what they liked or otherwise. iii. As far as the paper producing process was concerned, worries about pollution – air as well as water – were not serious. iv. There was a fairly high level of confidence that river water which is vital in the paper production would remain unaffected. Treatment of used water as important as pre-use treatment seemed to be appreciated.

The generally positive perception may be due to factor that the majority showed high appreciation of the decision to build the paper plant within a designated industrial park which would mean that at the outset, there was a general location-compliance.

Executive Summary ES-19 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

7.9.1 Impacts During Construction Phase

During construction period, the construction of plant and related component as well as other infrastructures will require additional skilled construction workers. Besides the labour force from outside the area, some of the jobs will be performed by the locals who reside in the nearby area. This will directly benefit the surrounding population.

The capital investment from the Project will greatly benefit Malaysia in terms of infrastructure development, creation of business opportunities and jobs for local Malaysian and positive spin-off effects in terms of cluster development of related supporting industries in Malaysia.

The potential socio-economic impact will result from the in-migration of the people into the area to stay temporarily during the construction period. A positive effect can be seen in terms of increased demand for goods and services which could benefit the larger commercialised area around.

7.9.2 Impacts During Operational Phase

During the operational phase of the plant, beside the labour force from outside the area, some of the jobs will be performed by the locals who reside in the nearby area. In the long run, the requirement for labour will also increase and will directly benefit the surrounding population.

It is expected that an additional income will be generated to the area. Directly, this would be in the form of salaries and wages earned by the additional workforce as well as the receipts from purchases of local material inputs for the Project. Additionally, income would also be generated resulting from the expansion of the economic and commercial activities in the area.

A potential socio-economic impact will result from the in-migration of people into the area to stay on a more permanent basis during the operation period. A positive effect can be seen in terms of increased demand for goods and services which could benefit the larger commercialised area around.

7.10 Community Health

Generally, the baseline monitoring results shows that the ambient air quality is good except at Bandar Baharu Mahkota. However, the ambient air hazard quotient and lifetime cancer risk value for all stations are safe and healthy. The air dispersion predicted good air quality during normal operation scenario of the proposed Plant.

Sungai Langat is categorised at Class III, which not suitable for body contact and recreational activities. The groundwater in the area is known to be high in heavy metals such as lead and is unsafe for consumption at. However, well water consumption will not cause any extra cancer cases in the area.

Certain areas like JKR Quarters have high background noise due to human activities and insect sounds. The prediction of noise produced during the construction and operation is within normal limits.

Executive Summary ES-20 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

7.11 Traffic

7.11.1 Impact During Construction Phase

The increased vehicular movement during the construction phase may potentially impede traffic during peak hours along the main Jalan Banting – Dengkil road (FR31) which is the main access to the industrial park via the signalised junction at the main road. Additional traffic during construction phase is not anticipated to be significant in terms of vehicle volume (pcu) and not expected to significantly affect the traffic flow. Nonetheless, measures need to be taken to ensure the construction traffic occur during off peak hours.

7.11.2 Impacts During Operational Phase

The forecasted traffic generated during the operation phase will involve an estimated 200 trucks (20 tons capacity) trips per day due to the incoming of raw materials and outgoing delivery of the products. In addition, the proposed Project is expected to employ 1,200 workers upon full operation. Based on the traffic projection, the proposed Project will generate additional traffic of 194 pcu from the combination of trucks and employees’ vehicles during the morning and evening peak hour.

The future traffic projection for year 2029 is estimated at 4,292 morning peak and 4,281 pcu evening peak, without the Project. The level of service (LOS) for this route is at level F for both existing and future traffic scenarios, which is indicated that the Federal Route 31 is experiencing critical level of service (LOS F) with forced flow as the traffic has exceeded its operating capacity of 2,000 pcu.

The total projected traffic from the Project (due to trucks and employees’ vehicles) during the morning and evening peak hours of 194 pcu, will contribute 4.5% to the projected morning and evening peak hour traffic in year 2029. As such, the additional traffic during the operation of the Project is not anticipated to have any significant effect on the traffic flow on the main access road Federal Route 31, which is already heavy congested and in need of upgrading.

8. MITIGATION MEASURES

8.1 Hydrology and Hydrogeology

The water availability and hydraulic study shows there is negligible hydraulic impact in terms of water level reduction (< 1 mm) at the Project area and the downstream area. In addition, there are no major water abstraction activities located at the downstream of the proposed water intake (either for water supply or industry). Therefore, no mitigating measures is required for hydrological impacts as long as the water abstraction do not exceed 35.5 MLD with treated effluent discharge of 29 MLD to Sg. Langat.

The water abstraction from Sg. Langat for the Plant usage is not expected to have any impact on the hydrogeology regime as the raw water abstraction will be drawn from Sg. Langat and not from the groundwater. Moreover, the effluent discharge will be conveyed directly to Sg. Langat. Therefore, no mitigating measure are proposed for hydrogeological impacts.

Executive Summary ES-21 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

8.2 Soil Erosion

The soil loss is estimated at 5.98 t/ha/yr under the worst-case scenario without control and reduced to 0.003 t/ha/yr with control measures. These erosion rates are low due to the flat terrain of the Project site. Nevertheless, Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be employed in order to further minimize the risk of soil washout into the surrounding drainage system. The temporary earth drainage will channel surface runoff within the site to sediment basins before channelling all runoff into the permanent drainage system.

As outlined in the Erosion Sediment Control Plan (ESCP), two (2) sedimentation basins of 6,085.9 m3 will be constructed. All drainage channels will also be inspected daily to remove any sediment deposited. The Contractor be vigilant towards soil movement especially during conditions of heavy rainfall such that the surrounding drainage area must be kept free of debris and silt at all times.

Mitigating measures as outlined in the Land Disturbances Pollution Prevention and Mitigation Measures (LD-P2M2), will be implemented which include construction of silt traps, site inspections, maintenance of P2M2 and monitoring of silt trap discharge. Construction activities will be strictly confined within the proposed Project area, stockpile and construction storage areas will be clearly marked and will be covered with temporary roofing structures or with tarpaulins.

8.3 Air Quality

8.3.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase In order to minimize the fugitive PM generated during the construction period, where applicable, the following mitigating measures can be adopted by the Project Proponent:

• Fenced construction area to reduce wind-blown dust dispersion and dust clouds; • Ensure construction access or haulage route are kept damp by water browser or equivalent measures on regular basis during the whole construction period. • All dusty materials should be sprayed with water prior to any loading, unloading or transfer operation so as to maintain the dusty materials wet; • Wash trough to be constructed at the entrance of each access road. All construction vehicles shall have their wheels washed before leaving or entering the site onto a public road; • All vehicle within the Project site to adhere to the speed limit of 25 km/hr; • All stockpile construction material that could generate fugitive dust during high wind speed such as fine sand and aggregate to be covered when not in used or during high wind speed; • Fuel-efficient and well-maintained haulage trucks will be used to minimize exhaust emissions. • A good housekeeping checklist for managing construction dust can be developed by the Project Proponent as part of its periodic internal environmental auditing for the Project.

8.3.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase During the operational phase, the Project shall comply to the relevant schedules of the Clean Air Regulations (CAR) 2014 for the proposed stacks emission concentration limits. The proposed APCS for the Rejects Boiler shall be monitored in accordance with DOE’s Technical Guidance on

Executive Summary ES-22 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Performance Monitoring of Air Pollution Control System and competent personnel will be trained and certified under the Certified Environmental Professional in Bag Filter Operation (CePBO).

For the coal to be used in the Rejects Boiler, the Sulphur content shall not exceed 1% (weight) as prescribed in the Second Schedule [Regulation 13]: Limit Values And Technical Standards (General): (I) Control of fuel burning equipment, incinerators and crematoria under CAR 2014.

In the event that there is residual odour nuisance, other operational control techniques that may be applied by the Project Proponent during the operational period are as follows:

• Restrict acceptance of raw material known to be strongly maldorous/ objectionable; • Any handling or treatment of maldorous raw material should be carried out in an enclosed area suitable for the capture, containment and treatment of odours; • Use of appropriate abatement equipment; • Conduct regular inspections, monitoring and maintenance of raw material handling areas and abatement equipment; and/or • Use of odour neutralizing sprays and additives to be considered where odours cannot be prevented.

8.4 Noise and Vibration

8.4.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase To minimise noise emission and dispersion, the following mitigation measures will be implemented:

• 2.5 m height hoarding will be installed along the perimeter of the project boundary with exceptional 3 m height hoarding along southwestern boundary • Piling work along the southwestern and southern boundary to be scheduled and planned to reduce total exposures time in a day • Piling work near the boundary of Primary Islamic Religious School to be scheduled after school hours or during school holiday • No piling or other high noise intensity works is allowed near southwestern boundary at night • When necessary, notify and engage with the potentially affected receptor when piling activities is scheduled near the southwestern and southern boundary • Turn off the machinery which is not in use • All vehicles and machinery will be properly serviced and maintained • Noise monitoring program will be carried out during the construction stage

8.4.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase The following control measures are adopted in the design and operation approach of the Project:

• Enclosures will be provided to the noisy equipment to reduce noise from sources. • Vibration isolation pad will be provided for the compressor unit in cogeneration plant

Executive Summary ES-23 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

• Warehouses along the edge of southwestern boundary will be provided with fully enclosed wall for the façade facing the southern boundary. • Perimeter boundaries of the Project to be planted with 3-meter vegetation belt where possible • Transportation truck will be turn off when the vehicle is in idle mode • Regular maintenance of heavy vehicles and machinery will be carried out. • Periodical monitoring program will be conducted • Noise management plan including requirement and procedure to attend to public complaints

8.5 Water Quality

8.5.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase The construction activities will not have significant and direct impact to Sg. Langat WQ status as the stormwater discharge and sediment outflow from the construction site will drain through the main drain and detention pond prior to discharge to Sg. Langat.

Furthermore, it is mandatory in this Project to provide proper ESCP measures adopting the latest LD-P2M2 guide. Thus, the impact arising from the construction activities is not expected to be significant with proper control measures.

8.5.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase (i) Wastewater Treatment Effluent from the wet pulp plant, packaging paper plant and solids treatment plant will be treated in the WWTP. Although effluent discharge from the Project is only required to comply to the Standard B limits under the Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) 2009, the Project Proponent has committed to ensure that effluent from the Project site will be treated to comply with Standard A limits.

(ii) Sewage Treatment Sewage from the workforce of 1,200 workers will be treated in the STP to comply with the Standard A limits under the DOE Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulation 2009.

(iii) Control Measures for Failure Scenarios In the event that the WWTP fails, effluent will be contained in a holding tank which has the capacity to retain effluent up to 6 hours. The plant production operations will be slowed down until the WWTP operation is resumed back to normal. In the event that the WWTP operation is unable to resume within 6 hours, the whole plant operation will be ceased or shut down.

Similarly, for the proposed STP, it is designed to have the capacity to retain untreated effluent up to 12 hours in the event of malfunction.

Executive Summary ES-24 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

(iv) Monitoring Programme A weekly effluent monitoring programme for WWTP is recommended to ensure that the quality of effluent discharge is within the acceptable quality and quantity limit. It is crucial to conduct regular inspection and maintenance to detect early sign of failure or leakage if any. Preventive maintenance of the WWTP’s components (tanks, valves, pumps etc.) with regular system checks should be conducted to detect early signs of system failure.

8.6 Waste Management

8.6.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase

Municipal and Construction Wastes The potential environmental impacts arising from the improper management of municipal and construction wastes can be minimized with the implementation of the following practices:

• Biomass will be separated from other wastes and left to biodegrade or decompose at green areas within the Project site that will not be developed; • General construction waste will be recycled on site as much as possible. • Unsalvageable demolition waste will be stockpiled at a designated site and sold to salvage yard operators or other contractors interested in recycling the material. • Domestic waste generated from the site office will be stored in garbage bins/secure containers and collected regularly by a licensed contractor for disposal at approved landfill; and • The work place organization practice of 5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize and Sustain) will be adopted within the site.

During the operational phase of the Project, the municipal wastes will be collected by licensed contractors. Collection is recommended to be carried out once in every two days since accumulated wastes at the Project site will pose a health risk and aesthetically unpleasant.

Scheduled Wastes The scheduled wastes potentially generated during the construction phase will require proper handling, storage and disposal in compliance to the scheduled waste regulations which include, but are not limited to, the following: • Notification to DOE Selangor on the quantity and types of scheduled wastes generated; • Scheduled waste to be stored in suitable closed containers, drums or bags under a cover with provisions that prevent leakage or spillage into the environment; • Storage area for scheduled waste is to be secured and provided with secondary containment for control of spillage. • Containers/drums/bags to be labelled appropriately including type of waste, waste code, date of generation, quantity and hazard symbol;

Executive Summary ES-25 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

• Main Contractor shall ensure that only licensed scheduled waste contractors are employed for the transportation of scheduled wastes to the scheduled waste disposal or recovery facility.

8.6.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase

Waste generated from the Project during the operational phase will comprise of metals, plastics and waste residue that will be separated and recovered in the SWTP. The metal residues recovered from the production process, which is mainly steel and aluminium, will be sold off to licensed recycling contractors as scrap metals. The recovered plastics from the production process will be recycled into resins or sold off as recycle plastics. The remaining waste residues which constitute about 51% of the combined wastes will be converted into RDF and burnt in the Rejects Boiler to generate steam or landfill.

Sludge from WWTP will be mostly reused as fill material in the middle layer of the paper product, which is a common technology in modern paper manufacturing.

Scheduled wastes generated from the Project such as WWTP sludge will be incinerated in the Rejects Boiler while other scheduled wastes will be disposed through licensed contractors.

Executive Summary ES-26 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

8.7 Risk Management

The Project will adopt proven technology in facility design to safeguard against possible hazardous events. These include, but not limited, to the following: • Facilities will be built according to recognized design standards / specifications including selection of good quality materials • Quality assurance and control in the process of construction of the facilities • Appropriate external and internal coating of storage and process vessels to prevent corrosion • Regular maintenance / inspection of the facilities including performance monitoring

An Emergency Response Team (ERT) shall be set up to handle any emergency / incidents occurring in the plant.

8.8 Ecology

8.8.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase The following mitigation measures are recommended:

• Existing perimeter drain should be well maintained to ensure the sediment run-off from construction site would not overflow to the receiving water • Wastes, sand/gravel, concrete residue, or any materials should not be allowed to accumulate in perimeter drain. • Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site should be discouraged and should be washed offsite.

8.8.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase

(i) Abstraction of Water from Sg. Langat • Continuous control of the water consumption. • An appropriate structure should be construct in order to avoid large number of fishes being drawn into the water abstraction structures

(ii) Discharge of Effluent into Sg. Langat • Sedimentation basin must be installed to remove suspended solids from effluents; and • Water quality monitoring must be carried out to ensure that the treated water complies with the standard required by DOE before discharge to the river. • Screen structure and sedimentation basin have been placed to remove pieces of wood and suspended solids from the effluent; and • Monitoring of biological components (plankton, benthos, fishes) to be conducted to ensure the levels of effluent discharge are within the optimum level to sustain aquatic ecosystem 8.9 Socio-Economy

8.9.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase • Ensure that the workers are legally registered with the Department of Immigration

Executive Summary ES-27 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

• Ensure that the workers are well managed and confined to their worksite to avoid any misunderstanding with the local community • Constructing control barriers • Project Proponent need to monitor the community/settlements near the construction area • Provide proper mitigation measures to reduce pollution especially on water quality to nearby stream or river • For noise and air pollution measure, comments or feedback from nearby residents should be taken into consideration

8.9.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase • Pre-employment health check of all workers • Building the worker quarters (if any) away from the residential areas with proper facilities. • A properly organized social and sports programmes for the workers to provide healthy recreational activities. • Informing and working together with the local development and security committee – Jawatankuasa Kemajuan dan Keselamatan Kampung (JKKK).

8.10 Community Health

The common approach and measures to prevent communicable diseases amongst workers and the local communities are outline below.

i. Medical Surveillance During the construction and operational phase of the Project, the Project Proponent will adhere to the Malaysian guidelines on worker intake which requires each of the employees (including construction workers) to have a full medical check-up before employment. The Project Proponent to implement a comprehensive medical surveillance system to monitor workers' health which include pre-placement medical examination, biological monitoring and serology monitoring, workplace inspections, notification, and record keeping and evaluation.

ii. Dengue fever During the construction phase, cleanliness of the construction site to be made priority by all parties, including workers, developer and local government agencies. The concept of 5S will be implemented.

During the operational phase, the abovementioned practices should continue especially with the management of recycled packaging material storage and waste generated during the Plant operation.

Executive Summary ES-28 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

iii. Sexually transmitted Infections (STIs) • Minimizing the movement of workers outside of the Project site • Plant supervisors are recommended do surveillance of STIs among their workers and refer to their panel clinic as soon as possible when needed • Regular health campaigns on self-hygiene and healthy lifestyle is recommended to help prevent outbreaks at the workplace • The communities and workers should always be separated by secure fence or security personnel to prevent break in or out of the construction site / Plant site

iv. Well water Local authorities should be aware and informed about the poor quality of groundwater in the area. No new wells should be allowed to be constructed for water supple in the future. The supply of safe drinking water in the area should achieve 100% coverage.

8.11 Traffic

8.11.1 Mitigating Measures During Construction Phase • Implementation of appropriate road signage;

• Transportation of construction machinery and materials will be carried out during off-peak hours of the day;

• Speed of vehicles will be restricted to 80 km/hr (or other designated speed limits) to reduce the impacts of dust dispersion and fugitive material spillage;

• Safety measures with regard to loading and transporting of heavy machinery construction materials, raw material cargo and finished products will be observed at all times. All loads will be secured with chains/strong rope. Dusty material will be secured with tarpaulin covers; and

• Transportation vehicles used will be well maintained and, the drivers licensed and competent.

8.11.2 Mitigating Measures During Operational Phase • Use of adequate information signs and safety equipment on all trucks;

• Strict adherence to the relevant regulations pertaining to road transport;

• Designing the facilities on the trucks/transport vehicles to minimise the likelihood of spillages occurring due to over spilling and incorrect positioning of the vehicles;

• Proper scheduling of the transportation trucks to ensure the truck turn-around time is not delayed and to prevent truck-waiting within the site, which will lead to a line-up of trucks along internal roads and along access route; and

• Extension of hours and days (weekends and public holidays) to spread out and reduce traffic congestion.

Executive Summary ES-29 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

The primary objective of the EMP will be to ensure that sound environmental practices are adhered to during the construction and operational phase. The implementation of the mitigating measures is dependent on the responsibility and self-regulatory initiative of the parties concerned, namely the Project Proponent, the Main Contractors and the appointed Environmental Officer (EO).

It is recommended that an environmental audit is to be carried out on a quarterly basis during the construction phase to identify any weakness in the EMP and to provide updates as necessary.

For the proposed Project, an environmental monitoring program is recommended which includes the locations and parameters based on the baseline monitoring program. The final location, parameters and frequency of the proposed monitoring will be detailed in the final EMP document to be prepared and submitted to the Selangor State DOE.

10. CONCLUSION OF STUDY FINDINGS

The detailed assessment of potential impacts from the Project development encompassed all important environmental aspects, namely soil erosion, air quality, water quality, noise levels, risks and hazards, waste management, ecology, socio-economy and health.

The main environmental concerns associated with the Project, are related to the abstraction of raw water from Sungai Langat, discharge of effluents into the same river, air emissions from plant stacks and management of wastes generated during the plant operation.

Through careful planning and engineering design, combined with prudent implementation of all recommended mitigation measures and proven control systems, the proposed Project will be able to reduce the predicted adverse impacts to a low level of significance. The Project is also expected to have important economic benefits both locally and regionally.

Executive Summary ES-30 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Summary of Environmental Impacts and Mitigating Measures

All the potential impacts identified to be a result from this development Project below with their respective mitigation measures.

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures Construction Phase • Water abstraction will be limited to 35.5 MLD with treated effluent discharge of 29 MLD to Sg. • Increased in stormwater runoff Langat. • No mitigating measure proposed for hydrogeological impacts. Hydrology and Operational Phase Hydrogeology • Hydraulic impact on Sg. Langat • Water availability on Sg. Langat • Stormwater runoff

Construction Phase • Implementation of LDP2M2 measures and Best Management Practices (BMPs) • Soil erosion due to site clearing, earthworks, land • Establishment of temporary earth drain preparation and grading • Covering exposed areas with soil cover & immediate turfing Soil Erosion • Demarcation of stockpile & construction storage area

• Inspection of all drainage channels

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Dust emission & vehicle exhaust emission • Adoption of Best Management Practices (BMPs) such as: o Fence up construction area; o Construction access kept damp regularly;

o Covering loads on construction vehicles; o Wash trough for wheel washing; and o Minimise height of material unloading Air Pollution Operational Phase • Emission sources from the proposed Plant, Operational Phase Rejects boiler and cogeneration plant • Proper management and monitoring of existing air pollution control system (APCS) by certified competent person • Regular service and maintenance of the air pollution control system • Effective response in the event of emergency or system failure • Ensuring sulphur content in coal is less than 1%

Executive Summary ES-31 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures • Monitoring of all APCS according to DOE’s Technical Guidance on Performance Monitoring of APCS • Restrict acceptance of raw material known to have malodorous odour • Handling of raw material within enclosed area to contain odour

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Noise from transportation & operation of • Installation of hoarding as a noise barrier machinery, foundation work, piling. • Piling work along the boundary to be appropriately scheduled • No piling or other high noise intensity works near southwestern boundary at night • When necessary, notify and engage with the potentially affected receptor when piling

activities is scheduled near the southwestern and southern boundaries • Turn off the machinery when not in use • All vehicles and machinery will be maintained to ensure good working condition • Noise monitoring at Project boundary and sensitive receptors

Operational Phase Noise Generation Operational Phase • Noise from the cogeneration plant, machinery • Enclosures will be provided to the noisy equipment operations and transportation vehicles. • Vibration isolation pad will be provided for the compressor unit in cogeneration plant • Warehouses along the edge of southwestern boundary will be provided with fully enclosed wall • Perimeter boundaries of the Project site to be planted with 3-meter buffer vegetation belt where possible • Transportation truck will be turn off when the vehicle is in idle mode • Regular maintenance of heavy vehicles and machinery will be carried out. • Periodical noise monitoring at Project boundary and sensitive receptors

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Sediment and TSS outflow due to land disturbing • To implement ESCP measures adopting recommendations in the LD-P2M2 Water Quality activities

Executive Summary ES-32 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures Operational Phase Operational Phase • Slight deterioration of water quality at the • To ensure that effluent be treated to comply with Standard A limits under the Environmental immediate downstream of Sg. Langat Quality (Industrial Effluent) 2009 • Difference of changes in water quality is minimal • The sewage discharged will comply with the Standard A limits under the DOE Environmental Water Quality and remains within WQI Class III Quality (Sewage) Regulation 2009 • WWTP effluent will be contained in a holding tank with capacity to retain effluent up to 6 hours during failure • STP will be designed to retain untreated effluent up to 12 hours in the event of malfunction • Weekly WWTP effluent monitoring programme

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Wastes will be generated include construction, • Biomass will be separated from other wastes municipal, and scheduled wastes. • General construction waste will be recycled on site as much as possible • Potential impacts arising includes odour nuisance, • Unsalvageable demolition waste will be stockpiled at a designated site and sold to salvage attraction of disease carrying rodents and insects yard operators & potential contamination of the surface runoff • Disposal arrangements will be made with registered private contractors to carry out regular within the plant site. collection and off-site disposal at the approved disposal site; • Domestic waste generated will be stored in garbage bins/secure containers and collected regularly by a licensed contractor for disposal at an approved landfill; and • Practice of 5S (will be adopted within the site. • Notification to DOE Selangor on the quantity and types of scheduled wastes generated; Waste • Scheduled waste to be stored in suitable closed containers, drums etc. Management • Storage area for scheduled waste is to be secured with secondary containment • Containers/drums/bags to be labelled appropriately • Main Contractor shall ensure that only licensed contractors are employed for transportation and disposal of scheduled wastes.

Operational Phase Operational Phase • Recovered plastics and metal residues will be sold off to licensed recycling contractors • Waste is expected to be minimal as almost all • Most WWTP sludge will be reused as fill material in the paper product. wastes generated will be recycled and reused as • Remaining waste residues and WWTP sludge will be used as RDF for the Rejects Boiler RDF for the Reject Boiler • Other scheduled wastes will be properly managed and disposed through licensed contractors

Executive Summary ES-33 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures Risk Reduction Measures • Potential fires and explosion due to leaks from • Facilities will be built according to recognized design standards / specifications including the natural gas pipeline selection of good quality materials • Quality assurance and control in the process of construction of the facilities Quantitative Risk • Appropriate external & internal coating of storage/process vessels to prevent corrosion Assessment • Regular maintenance / inspection of the facilities including performance monitoring

Emergency Response • Preparation of Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Water quality impacts due to soil erosion from • Existing perimeter drain should be well maintained to ensure the sediment run-off will not earthwork and clearing activities overflow to the receiving water • Impacts expected to be insignificant • Wastes, sand/gravel, concrete residue, or any materials should not be allowed to accumulate in perimeter drain • Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site should be discouraged and should be washed offsite

Ecology Operational Phase Operational Phase • Reduction of water level and changes in river flow • Continuously monitor and control the water consumption efficiently causing imbalance in aquatic ecosystem • Appropriate structure to be constructed to avoid large number of fishes being drawn into the • Deterioration of water quality causing water abstraction point unfavourable conditions for aquatic organisms • Screen structures/sedimentation basin must be installed for the purpose to remove suspended solids from effluents • Water quality monitoring must be carried out • Monitoring of biological components (plankton, benthos, fishes) to ensure the levels of effluent discharge are within the optimum level to sustain aquatic ecosystem

Executive Summary ES-34 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures Construction Phase Construction Phase • Employment opportunities • Ensure that the workers are legally registered with the Department of Immigration • Short term economic opportunity for local • Ensure that the workers are well managed and confined to their worksite to avoid any businesses misunderstanding with the local community • Short-term increased in demands and goods from • Construct control barriers around the site in-migration of people • Monitor the community/settlements near the construction area • Provide proper mitigation measures to reduce pollution especially on water quality to nearby

stream or river • Comments or feedback from nearby residents should be taken into consideration Socio-Economy

Operational Phase Operational Phase • Employment opportunities • Official operators-contractors agreement must be in place • Economic opportunity • Enforcement of discipline on workers and vehicles drivers to ensure roads and site are clean, • Increased in demands and goods dry and without potholes to avoid the breeding of mosquitoes and rodents • Pre-employment health check of all workers • Social and sports programmes for workers to provide healthy recreational activities • Informing and working together with the local development and security committee (JKKK)

Construction Phase Construction Phase and Operational Phase • Potential increase in communicable diseases, • Adherence to the Malaysian guidelines on worker intake dengue outbreaks and sexually transmitted • Worker's camp equipped with proper waste management and sanitary amenities. infections (STI) • Ensure practice and implementation of 5S concept Community • Establish a system to monitor the presence of vectors and pests within the site Health Operational Phase • Minimizing the movement of workers outside of the Project site • The Project has no significant direct impact onto • Plant supervisors are recommended do surveillance of STIs among their workers the health of the surrounding communities • Regular health campaigns on self-hygiene and healthy lifestyle • The communities and workers be separated by secure fence or security personnel

Construction Phase Construction Phase • Increase in traffic generation • Implementation of appropriate road signage Traffic • Potentially impede traffic during peak hours along • Transportation of construction machinery and materials will be carried out during off-peak the main route. hours of the day.

Executive Summary ES-35 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Recycle Pulp & Packaging Paper Plant, Mahkota Industrial Park, Kuala Langat, Selangor

Activities Potential Environmental Impacts Proposed Mitigating Measures • Speed of vehicles will be restricted to 80 km/hr (or other designated speed limits) to reduce dust dispersion • All loads will be secured with chains or strong rope • Dusty material will be secured with tarpaulin covers • Transportation vehicles used will be well maintained with the drivers licensed and competent

Operational Phase • Use of adequate information signs and safety equipment on all trucks Operational Phase • Strict adherence to the relevant regulations pertaining to road transport; • Additional traffic of 194 pcu during the morning and • Designing the facilities on the trucks/transport vehicles evening peak hours. • Proper scheduling of the transportation trucks to ensure the truck turn-around time is not delayed and to prevent truck-waiting within the site. • Extension of hours and days (weekends and holidays) to spread out and reduce traffic congestion

Executive Summary ES-36 Environmental Impact Assessment Proposed Residential and Commercial Development Lot 10372, , , Darul Makmur, Malaysia

FIGURES