VISITORS GUIDE COVID-19 2021–2022 SAFETY MEASURES Find the latest information about restrictions on our websites

haʔɬ adsɬčil ʔal dxʷlilap WELCOME TO TULALIP The Tulalip Tribes Administration Building opened in 2009 to provide tribal members with a one-stop shop for programs and services.

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Welcome Friends and Neighbors

We are the Tulalip (pronounced acre Tulalip Indian Reservation Tuh’-lay-lup) Tribes, successors located north of Everett and the in interest to the Snohomish, Snohomish River and west of Snoqualmie, Skykomish, and Marysville, Washington. other allied tribes and bands We hope you enjoy your visit signatory to the 1855 Treaty of and see some of the sites we Point Elliott. Our tribal population have identified on the Tulalip is over 4,800 with about 2,600 Reservation maps beginning on members residing on the 22,000 page 14. VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1 A product of the Tulalip Tribes. VISITORS GUIDE Updated May 2021. 2021–2022

CONTENTS PUBLICATION TEAM

— CONTENT — Inez Bill Wendy Church Niki Cleary Sheryl Fryberg EXPLORE TULALIP Hank Gobin 3 11 12 Steve Gobin Sheryl Guydelkon 3 Your Gaming Destination With three venues, Tulalip is Chuck James Washington’s premier gaming location! Joy Lacy 8 Dining at Tulalip So many delicious dining choices, you Teresa Meece are sure to find exactly what you are craving. Lita Sheldon Tracie Stevens 11 Hibulb Cultural Center Discover the history and culture Lindsey Watkins of the Tulalip Tribes.

— DESIGN & LAYOUT — 12 Shopping at Tulalip A shopper’s paradise with preeminent destinations. Erik Skoog Tulalip Data Services Find Tulalip Reservation maps with places to visit on pages 14–17. We are especially grateful for the contributions made by Carolyn Marr, Seattle Museum of History and Industry, for input on Boarding Schools; and Hank Gobin and Wayne Williams for their

contributions to “The People of ABOUT TULALIP the Salmon” section. 18 32 No content, written or images, 18 The People of the Salmon The story of the tribes that from this publication may be became Tulalip. used without written attribution of the Tulalip Tribes. Email 30 Story of the Killer Whale The story behind our logo. Tulalip Media & Marketing at tulalipmediamarketing@ 32 Qwuloolt Estuary Restoring the Snohomish River’s tulaliptribes-nsn.gov with inquiries tidal marsh. to use content or input/corrections for future editions. 34 Tulalip Tribes Today Culture and history powers progress. 36 Meet the Tulalip Board of Directors (2021) www.tulaliptribes-nsn.gov

TDS-36324 1 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE Looking back, we thank and honor some of our past leaders

on the Tulalip Tribes Board said local tribes would have of Directors from 1939 to joint authority in state fishery 1950, serving as the first management and were Chairwoman in 1946. She was entitled to half of the state’s appointed Chief Judge during salmon catch. a period of time when court was held in her home. She William Shelton xʷəqidəb is credited with revitalizing (1869–1938) was credited with the Salmon Ceremony. She keeping the Tulalip culture donated the land on which flourishing in the 1920s and Tulalip Elementary was built 1930s. He received permission to keep the school local to from then Superintendent, the reservation. Charles Buchanan, to build the community longhouse on the Clarence Hatch Sr. Tulalip Indian Reservation. (1934–1992) was a self- He organized numerous educated man yet he believed public exhibitions to spotlight in promoting a higher tribal culture as a way of education for our youth educating the community. and tribal employees. His He was an accomplished service to the Tulalip Tribes craftsman, carving canoes included work as a Board and the 1912 story pole that Stanley G. Jones Sr. Member, Executive Director, once stood outside Tulalip “Scho-Hallem” (1926–2019) and Services Manager. As Elementary School. served on the Tulalip Board of Executive Director from Directors for 44 years (26 years 1979 to 1992, he promoted as Chairman), with the first impeccable work ethics and year of service in 1966. At a dedication to provide the that time, the Tulalip Tribes highest quality of services to had three employees, all of tribal members. He had an whom worked in the Leasing open door policy and strived Department. Bill Steve, who to support all who entrusted was the Tulalip Tribes’ first him with their needs. Clarence chairman, served alongside possessed a deep love Harriette Shelton Dover him at that time. Stan was and respect for the Tulalip hayalc̓aʔ (1904–1991) was also an active participant in community and was proud of the second female to serve the Boldt Decision, which his Coast Salish ancestry. EXPLORE TULALIP

Tulalip Resort Casino, a four-diamond destination features gaming, restaurants, entertainment, and shopping.

Your Gaming Destination With three venues, Tulalip is Washington’s premier gaming location!

Tulalip Resort Casino, Enjoy. Canoes Cabaret is the Tulalip Resort Casino Quil Ceda Creek Casino, and area’s premier weekly live Address 4 Tulalip Bingo & Slots have entertainment venue while 10200 Quil Ceda Blvd joined forces to present you the Orca Ballroom features Tulalip, WA 98271 Map with ONE Club. Now a single national acts with intimate page 14 Website card does it all—use it every seating for 1,200. The Summer www.tulalipcasino.com time you play, and you will Concert Series, held from July Telephone be recognized and rewarded through September at the 888-272-1111 at all three casinos with Tulalip Amphitheatre features outstanding new benefits! national acts with a 3,000-seat The AAA Four Diamond capacity. Tulalip Resort Casino is Stay. Let the luxury envelop Washington’s destination for you, whether walking Relax. For a rejuvenating, luxury and excitement! barefoot across woven wool relaxing retreat, the carpeting, or surrounded 14,000-square-foot full service Play. As Western Washington’s by down bedding atop our T Spa includes 16 treatment only AAA Four-Diamond-rated custom-made beds. Room rooms, separate men’s and resort casino, our casino boasts amenities include user women’s lounges, eucalyptus a 192,000-square-foot facility friendly technology like steam rooms, saunas built featuring over 2,400 slots and Bluetooth-enabled media from cedar and grotto showers 35 gaming tables—including hubs, 55" Smart TVs, and with rain shower heads and some slots not available instant access high-speed performance body sprays. anywhere else in Seattle. Wi-Fi.

3 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE NOW OPEN!

MORE OF WHAT YOU ALREADY LOVE. Almost twice the size, you can enjoy 50% MORE slot machines, MORE table games and MORE dining options.

• The Kitchen is our brand new food hall featuring • The Stage is our new entertainment venue, featuring seven made-to-order stations. massive video walls featuring the best in sports and entertainment. • The Landing is our full-service restaurant offering locally grown Northwest ingredients. • There’s even MORE parking including a six-story parking garage. • The Keg Bar features local beers, wines and bites.

100% SMOKE-FREE GAMING OPEN 24 HOURS | I-5, EXIT 199 WEST | QCCCASINO.COM EXPLORE TULALIP

Your Gaming Destination continued

a new Food Hall and additional Quil Ceda Creek Casino Quil Ceda Creek Casino opened its dining options, an innovative doors on February 3, 2021 after a Tulalip tribal blessing and ribbon- Address 11 entertainment venue and a six- cutting ceremony. 6221 31st Ave NE story parking garage. Tulalip, WA 98271 Map The new Quil Ceda Creek Website page 14 Casino includes 1,500 of the offering guests casual dining www.qcccasino.com newest slot machines (an with an array of made-to- Telephone increase of 500) and 16 table order menu choices and The 360-716-1700 games including the addition Landing, an exciting a la of EZ Baccarat and Craps with carte dining experience. Menu With “More to Love,” the new Fire Bet. items spotlight fresh, local Quil Ceda Creek Casino is A major commitment to ingredients from Northwest almost twice the size of the food excellence and state-of- suppliers and prepared with former casino across the street, the-industry “green kitchen” the latest “green cooking” the new Q spans 126,000 operations are at the heart techniques. square feet and features a of the new dining venues. The Kitchen is a new food beautifully designed and The enhanced culinary hall dining experience where greatly expanded main casino, focus includes The Kitchen, guests may visit one or all

5 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE EXPLORE TULALIP

Your Gaming Destination continued Tulalip Bingo & Slots

seven stations and choose In addition to the Address 7 from a variety of made-to- greatly enhanced restaurant 2911 Quil Ceda Way Tulalip, WA 98271 order menu items. Selections operations, guests will have Map are recorded on a single card multiple choices at three bars Website page 14 as they go, and guests pay for craft cocktails, regional www.tulalipbingo.com one bill for all orders when beers, Northwest wines and Telephone they are finished, as opposed appetizers, including The Keg. 800-631-3313 to a “food court” where The Stage features the guests pay at each station or Northwest’s most advanced All players ages 18 and up restaurant they visit. LED technology with four can daub their way to victory Guests at The Kitchen enormous video walls for the with multiple bingo sessions can expect a tasty lineup ultimate viewing experience. per week. Play paper style or of choices including Spanning a total of 896-square- use state-of-the-art electronic

THE freshly-prepared pizza feet with 13 million pixels, it is machines for multiple games and pasta, roasted prime sure to be a “go-to” destination at once. Also, enjoy the FUN! rib, hand carved meats to watch sports and other gaming excitement of over JOIN for sandwiches, tossed events, with the flexibility to 200 of the best slot machines, salads made on the spot, display up to 10 different views along with all the latest MULTIPLE BINGO SESSIONS A WEEK homemade cinnamon rolls, simultaneously. releases. And don’t forget to STARTING AT 11AM DAILY frybread specialties and When sports and events grab a snack at the delicious Play paper style or use state-of-the-art electronic machines for multiple games at once. breakfast served 24/7. aren’t lighting up the seamless Quil Ceda Deli, famous for To prepare food LED walls, the new venue their Indian tacos. The Bingo efficiently in a high-output will welcome a variety of Bar is open daily at 4 PM, so BUT THERE’S MORE THAN BINGO! kitchen—without sacrificing entertainers, including current you can enjoy your favorite 200 SLOT MACHINES | PULL TABS | DAILY PROMOTIONS flavor and character—the Quil Ceda Creek Casino beverage. Plus, the Bingo Bar Play your favorite slots until 2AM on Friday and Saturday nights new Q culinary team favorites and new faces, to also sells pull-tabs! and until midnight Sunday through Thursday. introduced windspeed ovens its spectacular stage once and other innovations to COVID-19 restrictions are ENJOY YOUR FAVORITE WINES BY THE GLASS, THE QUIL CEDA DELI FEATURES A the food preparation. It’s a lifted. Performers will be A SELECTION OF BOTTLED BEERS AND SELECTION OF FAVORITES INCLUDING no-fry, greaseless kitchen spotlighted with full lighting MIXED COCKTAILS AT THE BINGO BAR A BURGER BAR, TACO BAR OPEN DAILY AT 4PM. AND FRYBREAD. with no vents, and the from a truss system. The integration of new kitchen custom lighting system and technologies will greatly state-of-the-art sound system reduce waste output and will add to the fun. energy consumption. Even The Stage area is served to-go containers will have by its own beer and wine bar a short “life” of 90 days and flanked by two massive 19-foot- Tulalip Bingo & Slots has been in will be compostable. wide curved video walls. operation for over 30 years. TULALIPBINGO.COM | 800.631.3313 | I-5, EXIT 200 WEST 6 MUST BE 18 TO PLAY BINGO, CLASS II SLOTS AND PULL TABS. TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022

JOIN THE FUN! MULTIPLE BINGO SESSIONS A WEEK STARTING AT 11AM DAILY Play paper style or use state-of-the-art electronic machines for multiple games at once. BUT THERE’S MORE THAN BINGO! 200 SLOT MACHINES | PULL TABS | DAILY PROMOTIONS Play your favorite slots until 2AM on Friday and Saturday nights and until midnight Sunday through Thursday.

ENJOY YOUR FAVORITE WINES BY THE GLASS, THE QUIL CEDA DELI FEATURES A A SELECTION OF BOTTLED BEERS AND SELECTION OF FAVORITES INCLUDING MIXED COCKTAILS AT THE BINGO BAR A BURGER BAR, TACO BAR OPEN DAILY AT 4PM. AND FRYBREAD.

TULALIPBINGO.COM | 800.631.3313 | I-5, EXIT 200 WEST MUST BE 18 TO PLAY BINGO, CLASS II SLOTS AND PULL TABS. EXPLORE TULALIP

Blackfish Wild Salmon Grill & Bar offers a seafood-centric menu paying tribute to regional Northwest ingredients and Tulalip tradition.

Dining at Tulalip So many delicious dining choices, you are sure to find exactly what you are craving

Inside Tulalip Resort Casino

From impressive culinary artistry to traditional open fire pit cooking, Tulalip Resort Casino is home to some of the best restaurants in the Seattle area. Guests can enjoy an array of chef-inspired dishes at any of their casual or modern- sophisticated dining options. The Draft Sports Bar and

Grill: Tulalip’s premier sports The Draft Sports Bar & Grill Journeys East bar destination, featuring a dramatic 14' x 9' wall matrix half-pound hand-pressed Journeys East: Asian of HDTVs that puts you in “Build Your Own Burger,” inspiration meets Tulalip the middle of the world’s Jumbo Signature Wings with hospitality, a blend of cuisine top sporting events. Located chef inspired sauces, Mahi and culture in a modern, Zen- adjacent to the hotel lobby, this Fish Tacos, and a variety of like setting. A centrally located urban pub offers craft brews, cool-crisp salads. Whether it’s display kitchen features dishes legendary cocktails, as well as burgers and baseball or wings from Japan, Thailand, China, foods befitting any sports fan. and soccer, The Draft is the Korea, and Vietnam. The Guests can enjoy the legendary best game in town. bar offers global cocktails, a

8 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 EXPLORE TULALIP

Dining at Tulalip continued carefully curated sake selection and award-winning wines. The menu lists shareable experiences, such as house- made Pork Pot Stickers, Shrimp Siu Mai Dim Sum, authentic Chicken or Beef Pho, Chicken and Shrimp Pad Thai, Honey Walnut Shrimp, and Mongolian Beef. Dine in or take out. No passport required. Just an appetite for a lively experience. Blackfish Wild Salmon Blackfish Wild Salmon Grill & Bar Tula Bene Pastaria + Chophouse Grill & Bar offers a seafood centric menu paying tribute to regional Northwest ingredients food meets comfortable Cedars Café provides a relaxed and Tulalip tradition. Think contemporary dining. Diners atmosphere for breakfast, local oysters shucked to order, will be taken on an unexpected lunch, or dinner. The chef’s fresh caught fish and shellfish culinary experience where approach to food is simple and boards, to grilled steaks. Long curated Italian-inspired family straight forward, celebrating a staple of Tulalip dining, styled plates bring family and classic dishes from coffee salmon is prepared using friends together. Guests can shop favorites, and hearty traditional tribal techniques savor exceptional steaks and breakfasts served until 2:00 PM over an open fire pit. Blackfish’s lovingly handcrafted house- to grand half-pound monster casual, vibrant atmosphere made pastas paired with a burgers as well as slow roasted is reminiscent of a Tulalip European inspired eclectic prime rib and seasonal salads. longhouse, which provides wine list, featuring over Blazing Paddles Stone the perfect backdrop for the 30 wines by the glass and a Fired Pizza and Spirits: restaurant’s daily offerings. The full bar showcasing artfully Artisan craftsmanship meets Wine Spectator award-winning handcrafted cocktails. Tula endless flavor possibilities. wine list, visionary cocktails Bene is unquestionably Italian! Starting with their signature and microbrews fill out the Cedars Café serves up a dough, guests can choose from experience. wide range of menu offerings over 50 delicious toppings to Tula Bene Pastaria + 24/7 including their “Fresh and call it their own. Add a cocktail Chophouse serves the finest Fast Express Breakfast Buffet,” or a decadent dessert, and get Italian specialties borne out featuring delicious options back in the game in no time. of a respect for tradition without all the wait from 7 to Located in the north end of and quality—where classic 10 AM Monday thru Friday. the casino.

9 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE EXPLORE TULALIP

Dining at Tulalip continued

The Kitchen food court The Landing full-service restaurant

Inside the new Quil Ceda suppliers are prepared with desserts, you’ll be delighted Creek Casino the latest “green cooking” with the variety. techniques, providing a Quick Eats is an on-the- Whether you’re looking to take tasty lineup including freshly floor food truck where you a break from the action or grab prepared pizza and pasta, can enjoy a quarter-pound some food on the go, you’ll find steaks, seafood, breakfast all beef frank and bun with a the most expansive variety all-day, sandwiches/soups, variety of toppings, pretzels, to choose from at the Q’s global cuisine, frybread and nachos, ice cream treats and new dining options. Coupled more. Selections from the other grab-and-go items. Open with energy-saving advanced stations are recorded on a 24 hours daily. “green kitchen” preparation single card, and you pay one techniques, the focus on fresh bill for all orders when you Quil Ceda Village local and regional products are finished. promises a memorable The Landing provides a Outside the casinos, Quil dining experience. dining experience that honors Ceda Village offers several The Keg is the place to the Tulalip Tribes’ Canoe popular chain restaurants— enjoy appetizers, classic pub Journey, an annual tradition including: Bob’s Burgers & fare, flatbread pizzas and your bringing together the people Brew, Olive Garden, Panera favorite beverages. of the Pacific Northwest Bread, RAM Restaurant The Kitchen is where Tribes to celebrate their & Brewery, Seattle Premium you’ll find exactly what you’re connection to salmon, water Outlets Food Court, Port craving at this innovative food and each other. With an of Subs, McDonald’s, or the hall, featuring seven cooked-to- expansive menu ranging from Tulalip Market for a quick order food stations. Fresh, local steaks and seafood to burgers, bite to go. ingredients from Northwest sandwiches, breakfast and

10 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 EXPLORE TULALIP

Hibulb Cultural Center & Natural History Preserve serves to protect, perpetuate, and honor the traditional cultural values and spiritual beliefs for which our ancestors dedicated their lives.

Hibulb Cultural Center Discover the history and culture of the Tulalip Tribes

Hibulb Cultural Center The Hibulb Cultural Center a research library, and gift shop. Address 10 6410 23rd Ave NE and Natural History Preserve's It also features a fully certified Tulalip, WA 98271 mission is to revive, restore, collections and archaeological Map Hours page 14 protect, interpret, collect, and repository. It was the first tribal Tuesday through Friday enhance the history, traditional facility certified by the State 10 AM to 5 PM cultural values, and spiritual of Washington. Saturday and Sunday beliefs of the Tulalip Tribes Learn about our traditional 12 PM to 5 PM who are the successors in territories, the importance of Admission interest to the Snohomish, the cedar trees, our seven value Adult $10 Snoqualmie, and Skykomish stories, and seasonal lifeways. Senior (age 50+) $7 tribes and other tribes and As you walk through the Canoe Student (age 6–17) $6 bands signatory to the Treaty Hall, you will experience our Child (under age 5) FREE Military & Veterans $6 of Point Elliott. homelands from the mountains Family (2 + 4 children) $25 The Hibulb Cultural to Tulalip Bay. Featured in

Note: Open until 8:00 PM the Center is approximately 23,000 the Canoe Hall are historic first Thursday of every month square feet with a 50-acre canoes and archaeology from with free admission for all! natural history preserve. The various sites throughout Website interactive cultural center Snohomish County. www.hibulbculturalcenter.org features a main exhibit, Visit the Hibulb website Telephone a temporary exhibit, two for information on monthly 360-716-2600 classrooms, a longhouse, events.

11 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE EXPLORE TULALIP

Find your favorite brands at Seattle Premium Outlets located a short walk north of Tulalip Resort Casino.

Shopping at Tulalip A shopper’s paradise with preeminent destinations

Seattle Premium Outlets

Address 2 10600 Quil Ceda Blvd Tulalip, WA 98271 Map Website page 14 seattlepremiumoutlets.com Telephone 360-654-3000

One of the finest outdoor The outlets offer a spectacular Quil Ceda Village shopping destinations in the opportunity to window shop area, the Seattle Premium unbelievable brands and The Consolidated Borough of Outlets is a must visit outrageous deals. You’re sure Quil Ceda Village, established shopping destination! It to be hungry after shopping so in 2001, is a unique city owned features an upscale collection they’ve made sure they have by the Tulalip Tribes that of over 130 designer names many options for food and offers many more shopping from women’s apparel and drink, like Qdoba Mexican opportunities. jewelry to sporting goods Eats, Starbucks, and The Cabela’s, The World’s including Burberry, Coach, RAM Restaurant and Foremost Outfitter, is located Le Creuset, Theory, kate Brewery, located across from just south of our AAA Four spade new york, and more. The North Face. Diamond Tulalip Resort Casino

12 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 EXPLORE TULALIP

Shopping at Tulalip continued

Some highlights of the Quil Ceda Village Retail Center include the Marysville Tulalip Chamber of Commerce, the Beef Jerky Outlet with unique jerky choices like alligator and edible bugs the kids are sure to enjoy, as well as the Tulalip Clinical Pharmacy. and has a 110,000-sq.-ft retail the PNW, including a large If you’d like more showroom that is both an selection of Super Bowl information about Quil Ceda educational and entertainment champions Seattle Seahawks Village visit our website or attraction—featuring museum- gear. The Home Depot, check us out on Facebook. quality animal displays, a everyone’s favorite home You’ll find more information on “Bargain Cave”, a conservation improvement store, is located some of our seasonal activities mountain, and huge aquariums next door to Panera Bread like the Tulalip Amphitheatre stocked with local fish. After and Remedy Tulalip. When summer concerts series and visiting and talking to the you stop to get gas at the the Boom City Swap Meet. experienced outfitters, you’ll Tulalip Market, located know exactly what you on 116th St NE, be sure to Quil Ceda Village need for all of your outdoor go inside. It’s a 10,000-sq.-ft adventures. Cabela’s also building featuring growlers Websites quilcedavillage.com teamed up with many Tulalip and over 40 different types Tribal carvers and artists to of craft beers. You’ll also find remedytulalip.com display Coast Salish carvings some hidden treasures like tulalipmarket.com and art throughout the store. local artist clothing items tulalipclinicalpharmacy.com Don’t forget to visit their and merchandise. Eagle’s Nest Café for a hearty wild-game sandwich, then top it off with a sweet treat from the Fudge & Nut Shop. We also have a Walmart Supercenter which is open 24/7 for all your shopping needs. You’ll find local souvenirs that will commemorate your visit to

13 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE EXPLORE TULALIP

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Tulalip Liquor & Tulalip Resort Casino 12 4 8 Battle Creek Smoke Shop/ 10200 Quil Ceda Blvd Golf Course Chevron Gas Station Tulalip, WA 98271 N Ave Meridian 6006 Meridian Ave N 6326 33rd Ave NE 888-272-1111 Tulalip, WA 98271 Tulalip, WA 98271 Children’s Art Corner 360-659-7931 360-716-3250 (near the hotel lobby) 360-716-6000

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10610 Waterworks Rd Tulalip, WA 98271 6710 Totem Beach Rd Alphonses Bob Rd NE NE Ave Ave 27th 27th Tulalip, WA 98271 360-716-0871 Tulalip, WA 98271 360-716-4420 360-716-4000 18 Tulalip Marina 14 Community Dining 7411 Totem Beach Rd 22 Alpheus ‘‘Gunny” To te m Hall (Old Mission Tulalip, WA 98271 Jones Sr. Ball Field B e a School) 360-716-4562 6710 Totem Beach Rd ch AE R

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17 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE Meridian Ave N Ave Meridian ABOUT TULALIP

The People of the Salmon The story of the tribes that became Tulalip

If you look among the History books credit land on the northern shore of historical listings of the Captain Vancouver with Tulalip Bay, and constructed early groups of Coast Salish discovering Tulalip Bay by a sawmill by 1853. This was people who lived below the accident when, according to Snohomish County’s first line which separates Canada one source, his ship Discovery white encampment, before and the U.S., you won’t find ran aground on a sand bar. In the county itself had been a reference to “Tulalip” truth, however, centuries prior designated; Washington, at the (pronounced Tuh’-lay-lup) to the coming of any white time, was still a “territory.” Indians until modern times. man, we roamed throughout And just a few years later, Tulalip is a place—a this area and made it our home. around this same bay, leaders spectacularly beautiful, According to Vancouver’s own of the Indian nations who sheltered bay on the eastern journals, when he did come attended the now-famous shore of Washington’s Puget ashore at this pristine spot on 1855 gathering at Mukilteo, Sound. The Lushootseed word the afternoon of June 4, 1792 settled their people—after for it is dxʷlilap; it means “far to claim English possession, he giving up much of what is to the end” and refers to how found our ancestors “…helpful now the western portion of canoes entering the bay had and non-threatening.” Washington State. to cut a wide berth around the Just half a century after Patkanim of the sandbar on the south side to Vancouver’s grounding, settlers sdukʷalbixʷ Snoqualmie tribe, avoid running aground. arrived, claimed portions of and other leaders who attended

18 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 ABOUT TULALIP

In 1914, Tulalip Tribes members stand together as a united sovereign people alongside other tribes, assembled in front of the former longhouse during observance of the 65th anniversary of the signing of the Point Elliott Treaty. Today’s longhouse fronting Tulalip Bay is built on the site of this photo.

the gathering, requested that Those tribes, which after form a single governmental the reservation be located at living alongside one another structure under the auspices of Tulalip Bay because it had “… at the Tulalip Reservation the Indian Reorganization Act plenty of timber and creeks.” for 79 years, agreed upon the of 1934. This was a region with nearly U.S. Government’s urging to We have held to our 20,000 acres of forest land, agreements and promises where two freshwater streams for more than 150 years. converged, and where the fish And have honored our treaty were plentiful. commitments and, in turn, rely The Tulalip Tribes are on the federal government to federally recognized successors uphold our treaty rights. in interest to the Snohomish, Snoqualmie, Skykomish, and A Good Life other allied tribes and bands signatory to the Treaty of Long before Captain Vancouver Point Elliott. Our ancestors came ashore at Tulalip Bay, the collectively agreed to cede many tribes of the Coast Salish their ancestral lands and people thrived on the lands “Patkanim, Snoqualmie” Thwaites, Portland,“Patkanim, Ore. relocate their tribal homes to surrounding Puget Sound. The Patkanim, circa 1850 is buried the Tulalip Federal Reserve. at Tulalip. climate was mild and fish and

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wildlife were abundant. United other tribes were invited; by a common heritage and a some traveled great distances Some Historical root language (Salish), more to attend. Highlights than 30 tribes and bands of During warm weather our Indian people lived in relative people followed the game and 1792 harmony with the land and fish runs, erecting temporary Snohomish tribes each other. encampments that could meet explorer Captain The sheltered waterways be moved quickly. Winter George Vancouver, who and rivers allowed our people homes on the other hand were concludes that they had to connect with one another. large permanent structures, not met Europeans or As marriages between constructed of massive cedar Americans before. members of different extended beams and planks, and usually families was encouraged, shared by several families of gatherings which brought the same bloodline. 1842 the various tribes together In addition to being Settlers start to move into were important social events, hunters, fishermen, and the Puget Sound region. particularly so for the younger gatherers, our ancestors were U.S. Government starts to people who were eager also accomplished traders. sell land and open areas for to find mates. These also They traveled up and down the homesteads without having served as markets for trading, Puget Sound and the Pacific title to the land. and the evening campfires Ocean in large cedar canoes— offered opportunity to pass from the north past Vancouver on legends and dances which Island and inland to Fort were important teachings and Langley, B.C. to as far south 1855 perpetuated life-ways, history, as Fort Nisqually and into the On January 22, Governor and spirituality of Coast Columbia River via the Pacific. Isaac Stevens concludes Salish culture. Transactions were often the Treaty of Point Elliott at The potlatch, long a conducted using shell money, Mukilteo, which establishes Northwest Indian tradition, with values determined by the the Tulalip Reservation. was a great feast given to size and rarity of the seashells. celebrate important events Our people shared a strong and confirm the power of a belief in the existence of a 1857–1863 leader by the giving of gifts “myth age,” when beings that Father E.C. Chirouse, a to guests. These were held displayed both human and French Roman Catholic of during the summer when the animal qualities roamed the the Oblates of Mary the salmon began to run, and after earth. According to legend, the Immaculate, establishes and successful hunts, and when Changer, , changed dukʷibəɬ conducts a school for boys adolescent children received many of these beings into on the Tulalip Reservation. new names to replace their animals, some dangerous childhood names. People from creatures into stone, and gave

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the native people the essential respect by others. They lived elements of their culture. in four principal communities Totems carved from but claimed Hibulb, their main 1884 cedar, the “tree of life”, were settlement just four miles south Allotment of Tulalip prominently displayed in of Tulalip (on the north shore Reservation begins. the large potlatch houses. of Everett along the Snohomish Images depicted on story River), as their original home. poles represented ancestral č̓ƛ̕aʔqs, at Priest Point, was spirits that the people felt the second largest community. 1902 influenced many aspects of dəgʷasx̌, on the southern A new school is built their existence. By calling upon point of Whidbey Island, and on Tulalip Reservation, their spirit guardians, they č̓əč̓ɬqs, across from Tulalip at called the Tulalip Indian gained a sense of control over Sandy Point, were the others. Boarding School. the unpredictable forces of life. Skykomish settlements were located along the The First Residents of Skykomish and Foss Rivers. 1912 Snohomish County From these spots the First Tulalip Treaty Days Skykomish (sq̓ixʷəbš) traveled celebration is held through Members of the Snoqualmie deep into the Cascades on the efforts of William tribe initially lived inland hunting expeditions. Shelton to preserve the along the Snoqualmie River, songs and dances. from North Bend to the The Promises of junction of the Skykomish and the Treaty Snoqualmie rivers. They were called sdukʷalbixʷ, which During the early years of the 1936 means extraordinary people. United States, the government The Secretary of the Interior They were great hunters who attempted to maintain friendly approves the Tulalip lived principally on game and relations with our people. Of Constitution, and Tulalip salmon. During the summer the first 13 laws enacted by elects their first Board of they would visit families of the first U.S. Congress, four Directors. the coastal Snohomish tribe to dealt with Indian matters. feast on seal, sturgeon, clams, The U.S. Constitution gave and salmon. In summer they Congress the power to 1974 went to Snoqualmie Prairie regulate trade with tribes and U.S. v. Washington State to gather roots and berries ultimately established federal (the Boldt decision) gives and hunt throughout the authority to keep peace, make Washington Indian tribes Cascade Mountains. treaties, and spend monies on the right to co-manage As one of the largest tribes Indian matters. fishing resources and take in the area, the Snohomish During the years of 50% of the harvestable fish. (sduhubš) were given due westward expansion, the

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policy concerning Indians At the time, something very and Indians of six other tribes. was simple: nudge them ever similar was taking place to the Two days later, 62 chiefs forward as white settlers north. The Indians of British signed the Treaty of Medicine moved across the country from Columbia, at meetings in 1850 Creek which established the east. This “nudging” also and 1852 with Governor James the Puyallup, Nisqually, and included mistreatment in the Douglas, negotiated a series of Squaxin reservations. name of power, money, and treaties which ceded all their It was called the The land, along with exposure to lands except their accustomed Treaty With The Suquamish, European and Western disease, settlements, camps, and fishing Staktalijamish, Samahmish, alcohol, and other “gifts.” When sites, most of which would And Other Allied And colonists reached the western later become reserves. Subordinate Tribes In boundaries of the continent The “deal” he sought Washington but came to be and realized the “new world” would exchange vast portions known as the Treaty of Point was not endless, government of territory for various goods Elliott. Based on our ancestors’ officials were pressed to and services. Chiefs would contacts with white settlers, secure land for the pioneers receive annuities. A school all of which had been quite by seeking land cession would be provided. All of this, friendly, leaders of Duwamish, agreements, or treaties, from of course, was predicated Suquamish, Snoqualmie, the Indians. on the understanding that Snohomish, Stillaguamish, In pursuit of this intention the Indians would move to Swinomish, Skagit, and Lummi the U.S. Government designated areas set aside tribes agreed to attend. established the Bureau of as “reservations.” Indians Affairs in 1824, and five A leading concern for our The Convention years later made it part of the people was that their right to at Mukilteo Department of Interior. fish in their usual places would Isaac Ingalls Stevens, be preserved. This is the core In late January, 1855, 2,300 Washington’s first territorial essence of our culture, our Indian people gathered on governor, became this region’s way of life. It has been said the shores of Puget Sound first superintendent of Indian that fishing was of no less at what is now Mukilteo, Affairs. By 1853, he had importance to Coast Salish Washington. Over the course identified 30 different Indian people than the atmosphere of several days, the treaty tribes in the general Puget they breathed. document, having been Sound area and had estimated Point Elliott was actually prepared well before the the surviving collective the second treaty Stevens council even convened, was population to be between pursued. On the day before read to our ancestors who, 5,000 and 7,000 individuals. Christmas in 1854, at what although they understood little His correspondence with the is now McAllister Creek in of the white man’s language, Indian Office expressed his Thurston County, Governor were expected to sign it. 82 strong concern for the need to Isaac Stevens met with headmen signed the treaty on sign treaties with these tribes. Nisqually, Squaxins, Puyallups, January 22, 1855.

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be the general permanent reservation for the Point Elliott treaty tribes, but became the permanent reservation for the Snohomish, Snoqualmie, Skykomish, and other allied tribes and bands. It has more than 22,000 acres as well as the waters of Tulalip Bay and is located close to the territory of the Snoqualmie and Snohomish Indians. The treaty provided for money to be paid—$15,000 for

“Tulalip Burton, Edison, 1904” Norman Indians Smoking Salmon Wash. the “preparation of reservation Snohomish Indians on Puget Sound erected temporary dwellings, composed of rush lands for habitation,” another mats and pieces of canvas, on the shore and hung their salmon catch on beams $150,000 over a 20-year period above a campfire to be “smoked” and cured for the winter months. for “annuity goods,” and compensation to individuals for Among them were Chief almost to Tacoma, and west their “removal to the proposed Patkanim of the Snoqualmie; to the waters of Puget Sound. reservations.” Also promised Chief Chow-its-hoot of the It included the San Juans, in writing: a school would be Lummi; and Chief Goliath of Whidbey and other habitable provided with teachers for 20 the Skagit tribe; sub-chiefs islands. It encompassed several years, a blacksmith, carpenter, S’hootst-hoot, Bonaparte, present day Washington and farmer would be hired to George Bonaparte, Joseph counties: King, Snohomish, instruct our people in their Bonaparte, Jackson, and Skagit, Whatcom, Island, and respective occupations, and a John Hobtsthoot, all of part of Kitsap. doctor would be provided at the Snohomish tribe; Chief The tribes, in turn, were the central agency. Seattle of the Duwamish and to retain four relatively small Our leaders were assured Suquamish, and a number parcels of land; these would be that the treaty would secure of others. the reserves set aside for their their fishing rights, and those The document called use and occupation. Three of of their tribal descendants, to for the tribes to give up a these parcels were originally fish in all of their “…usual and vast region where they lived intended to be temporary accustomed…” off-reservation for generations. This land reserves, but became places, and to hunt and gather comprised millions of acres— permanent reservations. on all open and unclaimed from the Cascade Mountains Tulalip, at the mouth lands. Washington Territorial to the east, the Canadian of the Snohomish River, Governor Issac Stevens said, border to the north, south was originally intended to “this paper secures your fish.”

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Skykomish tribes moved to the reservation at Tulalip Bay. By 1862, reservation agent S.D. Howe noted that the Indians under his charge at the agency included “…the Snoqualmoo, Sno-ho-mish, and Skai-wha-mish tribes” with a combined population of 1,200, and that Club Shelton, “Head Chief” of the Snohomish tribe, lived among them on the Tulalip Reservation. The following year, in his Tulalip Mission School about 1898—a boys and girls boarding school under the annual report to the Indian charge of the Sisters of Charity of Providence. Office, Agent Howe reported again—this time with slightly The treaty further called The Tribes Live Alongside different spellings that the for the abolition of alcohol and One Another “Snohomish, Snoqualmie slavery on the reservation, and Skykomish lived here and underscored the necessity Shortly after ratification of at Tulalip.” for our people to remain the Point Elliott Treaty, the The historical record is full friendly with their white Snohomish, Snoqualmie, and of documentation describing neighbors. For their part, the participating tribes agreed to move from their homes and settle collectively upon the designated reserves within one year of the treaty’s ratification. Because of political squabbles among federal officials, the Treaty of Point Elliott was not ratified until 1859. It was not until December 23, 1873, some 14 years later, that the Tulalip Indian Reservation was officially established by Tulalip Mission School, presidential executive order. boys class 1898.

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the presence of the Snohomish, Snoqualmie, and Skykomish tribes at Tulalip since treaty times. Through all these years we maintained our culture, religion, language, and bloodlines, even under the strict guidelines set out by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Reservation Life Was Anything But Easy

Things were not easy for our people. They were expected Government-built Tulalip Indian School on the inner Tulalip Bay about 1912. The administration building is the only remaining structure. to learn how to farm and the heavily timbered land was not suited for crops. school for “…all the Indians called for the school to be The Indian school was west of the Cascade provided within one year a key element of the treaty mountains…which was to of the treaty signing, with a promise. Tulalip was the have a capacity of educating promise to maintain it for at designated site for an a thousand Indian children.” least 20 years. Seen originally agricultural and industrial The government’s pledge as a benefit for the Tulalip Tribes, the government school ultimately served to interrupt and suppress Coast Salish culture, history, life- ways, and spirituality for many generations. Before a government school could be established, a traveling missionary named Reverend E.C. Chirouse came down the Snohomish and Snoqualmie Rivers to camp at the mouth of Quil Ceda Creek where he began to offer academic and religious training. He was sent to Tulalip Indian School (1905–1923). This is a student court, held every week to “try” students for offenses such as speaking their native language. establish a school by the

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constructed on Tulalip Bay, but not until the close of the Civil War could a school for girls be established. At the all-boys school, Chirouse wrote Snohomish language books and taught religion, woodcarving, and farming. When the government did not supply their promised aid, Father Chirouse traveled the land, begging for help to continue his work. Since there was no doctor, it was left to Typical Tulalip residence circa 1918: Jack Wheeler and his wife lived near the water Father Chirouse to care for our close to the Percivals land, east of priest point where the McCollums lived. people through a devastating smallpox epidemic. The Sisters French Roman Catholic The mission school at of Providence arrived in 1868 Oblates of Mary Immaculate Tulalip began receiving and until 1901 they operated Church. By late 1857 he had meager government support the Tulalip Mission School built a log church at Priest beginning in 1861, when of St. Anne, which was the Point, adorning it with a bell a boys’ dormitory and first Indian contract school in and a beautiful statue of St. a teachers’ house were the United States. The new Anne that had traveled with school, originally for girls, was him from France. The bell and located below today’s Mission statue, known as the “French cemetery on the southern Madonna,” remain today bank of Tulalip Bay. Needing at the relocated Mission of to fulfill treaty commitments, St. Anne Church in Tulalip. the U.S. government agreed With a tribal settlement of to Father Chirouse’s request hundreds of members located to provide funds to maintain near Chirouse, he was soon the buildings and the church, teaching tribal pupils as he furnished books, clothing, and preached, instructed and medical care. baptized throughout the In the 1880s the region. Typical of missionaries U.S. government began at the time, Chirouse exhorted the assimilation and his students to forgo all their Americanization process traditional practices, calling Father Chirouse, the first for Indians throughout the priest to be ordained in the them “the Devil’s work.” state of Washington. country. Their plan called for

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Indian children to leave their homes on the reservations to live at government assisted Indian boarding schools. The policy was enforced by Congress in 1893 with a law that stated all Indian children from age six to 16 had to attend an Indian boarding school. Agents on reservations became the enforcers of this law, withholding rations or annuities from parents or sending them to jail if they did not place their children in Hop picking about 1910. Left to right: Selina Wilson, Marge LeClair Williams, Marge’s younger sister. Marge was married to Martin Williams. the schools. The boarding schools separated families and children uniforms, and forbade the use renovations and reopening from their customs, religion, of native languages. on December 17, 1901. Soon beliefs, life-ways, clothing, Eventually the U.S. after on March 29, 1902, the and native language. There government took over the school was destroyed by fire were also considerable health Tulalip Missionary School at sending home the children— risks, as communicable the turn of the century, making but only for a short time. diseases such as tuberculosis The government built a new and influenza took their toll school, further north along in the crowded conditions the inner shoreline of Tulalip of the schools. By the late Bay, the Tulalip Indian School 1800s, life at Tulalip Mission opened on January 23, 1905 School began to transform under the supervision of into a military-style boarding Charles Milton Buchanan (who academy. Reservation children also assumed the duties of were subjected to non-Indian the Indian agent when that teachers intent on “civilizing” position was abolished). By them. They were allowed little 1907 it had two dormitories contact with their families for boys and girls and could while in school and strict accommodate 200 students. discipline was maintained— Many of the students came with a leather strap if from other reservations and necessary. The school enforced Digging potatoes at the old Indian communities. Tulalip offered Office. Kneeling at left isBill Steve with marching, mandatory use of Robert Shelton behind him. education up to the eighth

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grade, and some students history, culture, values, continued on elsewhere for and spirituality. more advanced training. Despite the Bureau’s Boarding schools did strict discipline, our people offer one advantage. Children maintained strong tribal were taught multiple subjects communities. Our culture such as writing, arithmetic, survived and flourished and reading. That allowed on the reservation as an the younger members of expression of the collective the various tribes to learn a will of the people. Tribal common language, English, leaders served on the Indian which enhanced their ability police force and on the to live and work in the reservation’s Court of Indian William Shelton promoted Tulalip emerging world. Children culture throughout Washington in the Offenses which heard civil and also learned job skills such 1920s and 1930s. criminal suits involving tribal as farming, western cooking, members. In the 1920s and cleaning, carpentry, nursing, in favor of public schools. 1930s, tribal leaders such as blacksmithing, office work, In 1932, the Tulalip Indian William Shelton (son of Chief baking, sewing, and vehicle School closed, ending a 50 Club Shelton Whea-Kadim) repair. In the 1920s, the U.S. year focus on American style, emerged, re-educating the government began to abandon language, and values that Western world about tribal the boarding school concept nearly erased tribal language, culture and history through public cultural performances and the carving of totem or story poles and canoes. One half of an original five- story pole once stood in front of Tulalip Elementary School. Another eight-story high pole sits on the capitol grounds in Olympia, on the south side of the General Administration Building.

1934: The Tribes Form a New Alliance and Name

In 1934, Congress enacted The Indian Reorganization By 1912 the sawmill next to the Tulalip Indian School served the entire community. At the time, William Shelton, an employee of the school, served as the sawyer. Act to encourage members

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of the Tulalip Tribes included those of the aboriginal Snohomish and Snoqualmie tribes—and as successors of these tribes, we are entitled to fish in these usual and accustomed fishing areas. Today tribal government and the people of the Tulalip Tribes continue to protect our sovereign rights through a number of initiatives:

Maintain a strong tribal government Provide tribal Robert Sheldon’s logging camp west of Sarah Sheldon’s home. opportunities for education, jobs, land, and of reservation tribes to So was formed the housing take a more direct role in government known as the Improve the tribal managing our destinies. The Tulalip Tribes of Washington. community by promoting Indian Reorganization Act The federal government physical, emotional and provided the basis for tribes nevertheless continues to spiritual happiness and to strengthen and revitalize recognize and deal with the perpetuating cultural and our tribal governments. After Snohomish, Snoqualmie, environmental sensitivity a year of discussion, the and Skykomish as the three Improve the infrastructure members of the Snohomish, integral tribes that formed the on the reservation Snoqualmie, and Skykomish Tulalip Tribes. Improve the tribes’ tribes at Tulalip voted to economic base that form a single reservation Judge Boldt Decision provides the primary governmental structure. A Reaffirms Tribes’ Treaty support for a growing committee was appointed to Fishing Rights population of tribal draw up a new constitution members. and bylaws. To ensure a The tribe’s treaty fishing rights harmonious merger between were vindicated by a now- the reservation tribes, our famous lawsuit over treaty leaders mutually agreed to fishing rights in 1974. Judge This is an update of “the People of the Salmon”, an article adopt the one name which was George H. Boldt issued his researched and drafted by our now common among us, the decision reconfirming that the Cultural Resources Department name of our home, Tulalip. off-reservation fishing areas in 1993–1994.

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1912—“Little Canoe Race, Tulalip Indian Boys.”

Ferdinand Brady photo from the Suzzallo Libray Photo Collection, University of Washington, Seattle.

Story of the Killer Whale The legend behind our logo

The concept of “story” as a narrative with a fixed text comes to us from European tradition. Tulalip storytelling, however, is an oral tradition, in which stories are passed down by voice and there is no notion of a fixed text. Rather for any particular narrative, we have a pool of resources composed of all the strategies of all the storytellers in all the family for thousands of years. No one knows everything that is in this pool, but it is maintained collectively. When we are asked to represent this oral tradition people could not put food away in print, we select from among the versions and possibilities that are part as they usually did. By early of the resource and make a “text”, whose purpose is to give the reader spring, everything they had a hint of the kinds of themes that one telling of a story might use. This particular story is part of a long continuum which tells what happened stored was gone. There was before it took place and also what happened afterwards. The scope of no game to be found, and the history of which the following paragraphs are a part extends from the people were starving. beginning of tribal consciousness up into tomorrow. The reality of story Just in time, the early as a live experience for a group is of course lost in print. salmon run started, and the people thought their suffering Long, long ago, at Priest Point, People continued to live was at an end. But hordes there were two brothers who at Priest Point, including of seals invaded the waters were famous seal hunters. the descendants of the two around Priest Point, chasing There was some family trouble, brothers. Then something the salmon and devouring and the brothers had to leave happened. According to one them before the people could Priest Point and live elsewhere. of our storytellers, in the fall catch any. The people were They went to live in the ocean and winter of one year, there in despair. and became killer whales, were some unusual storms and It was then that they qal̕qaləx̌ičin our language. temperature changes, and the remembered their ancestors,

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the qal̕qaləx̌ič. The people called out to them for help, remembering that the two FAQs brothers had been expert at getting food for the people. The killer whales heard What is tribal sovereignty? the people’s call. They arrived Sovereignty is the authority of a people to govern and caught every seal. They themselves. Our sovereignty guarantees our inherent right ate the seal heads and then as a government to raise revenue for our community. In tossed the seal bodies onto the fact, 92% of our government services, family and senior beach for the people. In that housing, education, health and dental services, law way, they saved the people enforcement, fire protection, infrastructure improvements, from starvation and preserved and economic growth are funded from within. Treaties, the salmon run for coming court cases, and the U.S. Constitution have upheld Tulalip’s generations. status as a self-governing nation. Another of our storytellers Do you have to be an Indian to be an enrolled says that the seals used to tribal member? come frequently in the spring, Yes. All Tulalip tribal members are descendants of tribes and that the killer whales were that signed the Point Elliott Treaty. called many times, not just once. But both versions of the Do you have to live on the reservation to be an story make it clear why the enrolled tribal member? killer whale is important to the The tribal member parent has to have resided on the Tulalip Tribes. Tulalip Reservation for at least 12 continuous months at We have been told that any time prior to the birth of the applicant and be able to if you are in a boat and killer prove it. whales come up to you, you can greet them like this: Does the Tulalip Tribes own all of the land on the “qal̕qaləx̌ič, qal̕qaləx̌ič, t(i) Tulalip Reservation? adyəl̕yəlab gʷəl ti No. In 1883, the Tulalip Indian Agency superintendent dyəl̕yəlab, killer whale, killer began to allot the reservation land in 40-, 80-, and 160- whale, your ancestors were acre parcels to Tulalip heads of household. In 1906, the also my ancestors.” Burke Act allowed the issuance of patents in fee to Indian landowners, allowing them to sell their allotments. Due to poverty and outside pressures, much land on the Tulalip This information about the killer Reservation was sold. At this time, about 60% of the Tulalip whale ancestors and the seals reservation is Indian owned. In the last few years, the tribe comes from Martha Lamont, Alfred Sam, Raymond Moses, and has bought back several thousand of the lost acres and Helen Hillaire (Upper Skagit). expects to buy more in the future.

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Restoring Qwuloolt honors our ancestors and the natural world, and improves the environment for all of us.

Qwuloolt Estuary Restoring the Snohomish River’s tidal marsh

The Tulalip Tribes is leading people with an abundance depend upon the habitat of the restoration of 400 acres and diversity of plant life. The Qwuloolt for their survival. In of the Snohomish River salmon that feed the people 1998 the Tulalip Tribes and Delta. Diked, drained, and partners began restoring 400 developed for over a century, acres of tidal marsh. Through the estuarine marsh is being land purchases, scientific reconnected to the low of studies, and by reshaping the saltwater tides from Puget land, together, we are restoring Sound and freshwater from the natural systems that allow the Snohomish River and for a healthy estuary. its tributaries. The project Restoring Qwuloolt honors is named “Qwuloolt” for our ancestors and the natural the Lushootseed word that world, and improves the means marsh. environment for all of us.

Qwuloolt is a Estuaries Sustain Our Historic Place Ecosystem Marya Moses, Danny Moses, Neil Since time immemorial Moses (seated), and Robert Moses Qwuloolt is part of the historic fish on Tulalip Bay, near the mouth Qwuloolt sustained the first of the Snohomish River Estuary. 19-square mile Snohomish

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Giving back to the community

We are committed to improving law enforcement, safety, health care and employment in our community. Since 1993, we

With the levee breached in 2015, fresh and salt water returns to Qwuloolt and have donated restores rearing habitat for salmon in the estuary. $104.1 million and in 2020 we donated $3.9 million River estuary—one of the Communities Will Benefit to 202 charitable largest in Puget Sound—which From a Healthy Qwuloolt organizations. We are once included marshes, also the third largest lowland forest, mudflats, and Located in the city of employer of area interconnected channels. Marysville, in view of residents in Snohomish Removing the levee and Interstate 5—and one of the County, facilitating letting fresh and salt water fastest growing areas in our employment to over return to Qwuloolt will: state—Qwuloolt is a place 5,500 people on the of beauty and refuge for reservation. Support salmon runs in the people too. Together we have Snohomish, Snoqualmie, and will continue and Skykomish rivers A sanctuary from urban to, make a positive Restore rearing habitat for development difference-working salmon in the estuary A living, learning in partnership with Open up 16 miles of laboratory for local school Marysville, Everett, spawning tributaries children and Snohomish County Restore an important An important habitat for to create solid, caring, habitat for birds, plant life, birds, fish, and plant life, and proud community. and other fish species enhancing this place we Filter pollutants out of all call home. the water For information on past recipients, please visit: Visit the Qwuloolt website for more information: www.qwuloolt.org www.tulalipcares.org

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Events such as the summer Salmon Ceremony provide tribal members with a forum to participate in their origins, beliefs, values, and lifeways.

Tulalip Tribes Today severe price. Tribal members were separated from their Culture and history powers progress young, thereby destroying family environments that are When we organized in for tribal land, to provide critical for parenting skills 1934 under the Indian funding for education and and physical, emotional, Reorganization Act (IRA), we other social services—that and spiritual well-being. In agreed to adopt the name support has been nominal. addition, the schools forbade “Tulalip Tribes” from the Salish In fact, today 92% of our the practice of tribal language, word describing the prominent government services, tribal culture, and spirituality in favor bay on the reservation. member entitlements, family of the Christian religion and The Federal Government and senior housing, education, Protestant work ethic of the recognizes the Tulalip Tribes health and dental services, law time. The school attempted as a sovereign Indian tribe enforcement, fire protection, to turn Coast Salish hunters, operating under a tribal infrastructure improvements fishermen, and gatherers into constitution approved by the and economic growth are farmers and blacksmiths. Secretary of Interior. funded from within. Between the mission and Our status as a sovereign government schools, a lifestyle entity maintains our right We Strive for a Community that efficiently harvested to self-govern as a “nation That is Physically, marine and land resources within a nation” and includes Emotionally, Spiritually for thousands of years was the inherent right as a Happy and Healthy interrupted by 50 years of government to raise revenue isolating tribal youth. The for our community. These The era of Government result was the near extinction rights are critical as while Boarding Schools (1901–1932) of tribal history, culture, the U.S. government did exposed tribal members to language, lifeways, values and pledge by treaty, in exchange Western education but with a spiritual beliefs. Since those

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The Karen I. Fryberg Tulalip Health Clinic provides premier The Betty J. Taylor Early Learning Academy provides daycare integrated healthcare that is culturally relevant. and preschool for children from birth to 5 years old. days, tribal leadership and for Needy Families (TANF) BJTELA is revitalizing family elders have worked to program rounds out support the Lushootseed language promote understanding and with streamlined self- and culture by bringing our appreciation of the tribe’s true sufficiency and job counseling. cultural way of life back to our history and way of life. children and families through A key initiative in recent Education is a High Priority our classroom activities and years was our development for Tribal Leadership our monthly cultural day. of a beautiful healthcare Tribal funded programs in facility which sits at the edge A wide range of programs the Marysville School District of Tulalip Bay. It provides cover early learning through and Tulalip Heritage School quality dental, medical, adulthood. provide teacher, staff, and complementary medicine, The Betty J. Taylor sports funding to meet the and other community Early Learning Academy needs of tribal kids. Elementary wellness programs to tribal (BJTELA) offers the highest school coaches and counselors membership and other natives quality services for children are partially funded at tribal in Snohomish County. Our ages birth to five, and their expense to work with teachers Children’s Advocacy Center families. The facility is located to provide assessment and provides education, advocacy, on approximately four acres education services. and a multi-disciplinary overlooking Tulalip Bay and There are also a dozen response to decrease re- strives to maintain excellent youth advocates and youth traumatization of children standards for early learning. activities specialists that focus who are victims of crime. It is There are several options on supporting educational an accredited center by the available, including a birth – 3 and social needs. The tribal National Children’s Alliance. program (Early Head Start), an sponsored Tulalip Boys and Currently there are only four age 3 – 5 preschool program, Girls Club provides year-round tribes in the United States that and child care. The school healthy learning, recreation hold this accreditation. The program is free to eligible and sports programs, after- Tribal Temporary Assistance students. school activities, tutoring,

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athletic and arts facilities, as justice and law enforcement well as social experiences for on the Tulalip Reservation. Meet the Tulalip Board tribal youth. In the late 1990s the tribe of Directors (2021) The bədaʔchəlh program, moved to have criminal Lushootseed for “our children,” jurisdiction retrocede to the provides traditional story telling, Tulalip government. To do so art therapy, and gymnastics required the blessing of the training for children and state and federal governments domestic violence counseling and building a judicially for women. Finally, tribal dollars independent institutional fund college tuition, books, and apparatus to prosecute, try and Teri Gobin expenses for youth and adults in enforce criminal and civil law. Chairwoman higher education. The Tribal Court has The tribe has also invested grown substantially since the in programs to teach tribal time when the Tribe made history and strengthen culture. the decision to take back Of keynote is the reemergence jurisdiction over Reservations of our Lushootseed native lands from the State of language in area schools. Washington in 2001. More than a language, Retrocession allowed Glen Gobin Lushootseed promotes pre- the Tribes to create and Vice Chairman Western tribal history, culture, establish its own Tribal and values within its stories Police Department in which and teachings. to preserve, protect and The tribe also conducts advance sovereignty and self- numerous cultural events determination, but equally year-round such as the Salmon important to also ensure the Ceremony in the summer and protection of life and property. participation in the Canoe Having a growing Tribal Pat Contraro Journey. These events provide Police Department meant Treasurer tribal members with a forum that Tribal Court services to share their origins, beliefs, had to increase to meet the values, and lifeways. demands of an ever expanding population on the Reservation. Tulalip Judicial System The Court provides due Strengthens Our process and equal protection Sovereignty under the law to all Tulalip Tribal members. Marie Zackuse The tribe has also undertaken Tulalip’s Healing to Secretary the responsibility for criminal Wellness Court offers

36 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 ABOUT TULALIP

comprehensive services aid through TOCLA, tribal in the areas of medical, members gain greater access mental health, and chemical to the Tulalip judicial system. dependency treatment, The Tulalip Police housing, jobs skills and Department (TPD) is dedicated placement. These services are to providing quality police provided through an intensely services, emphasizing trust, supervised court program of integrity and respect for Tribal support and accountability. culture and customs. The Criminal defendants mission statement of the TPD Misty Napeahi charged with non-violent is to support through words, Board Member offenses arising from dug deeds, and actions, the vision abuse and/or mental health of the Tulalip Tribes and the conditions may be eligible to tribal constitution is to support participate in the Healing to the treaties and sovereignty of Wellness Court and thereby the Tulalip Tribes. avoid criminal prosecution. As assessment and intake Tribal Members are interviews are conducted and Provided Opportunities for Melvin Sheldon Jr. an individualized treatment Jobs, Land, and Housing Board Member plan developed for each program participant. Tribal investments in Quil Ceda The Tulalip Office of Civil Village and our government Legal Aid (TOCLA) provides services now provide more legal assistance to low-income than 5,000 regional jobs for tribal members with general our membership and the civil legal issues, including surrounding community. those that affect safety, family Tulalip also invests in or Hazen Shopbell integrity, health, access to encourages tribally owned Board Member public benefits, and education. businesses ranging from TOCLA provides culturally coffee stands, convenience The reservation is sensitive, competent legal stores, small retail and governed by a board of representation in a holistic gift shops to timber seven directors elected by manner by collaborating with operations, subcontracting tribal members to serve a other tribal legal and social and construction. three-year term—a modern services to assist clients in The Tulalip TERO version of the tribal identifying legal and non-legal department enforces and councils that governed needs, and address barriers ensures workforce protection, our tribes for thousands in accessing services. In preferential employment and of years. the expansion of civil legal contracting rights for Native

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TVTC offers training in construction skills. Many students Tulalip Youth Services offers tutoring/homework support, have successfully launched construction careers earning a recreation/cultural activities, and financial assistance for great wage. extracurricular activities for tribal youth in grades K–12.

Americans. As well as assist than 1,000 Tribal members and The Tulalip Tribes maintain and refer clients for education, their families. Over 100 housing an aggressive environmental training and services to residents are elders or disabled preservation program, both on succeed and enhance their and more than 350 are children. and off the reservation. Key to careers and economic The department supports this effort is our four-pronged opportunities. a wide range of services for approach—habitat restoration, The TERO Vocational tribal members, including hatchery operations, harvest Training Center (TVTC) employment opportunities, management, and hydropower construction training is a low-income and tax credit mitigation. free intensive “hands on” housing, homeownership The Tulalip Tribes’ program offered to all Native opportunities, workforce Restoration Program focuses Americans, their spouses, housing rentals, elder on restoration, enhancement, and parents. This program housing, disabled housing, and protection of habitat consists of in-shop training emergency home repair loans, within historic and current and “try-a-trade” days at and maintenance of seven Tulalip-managed lands. The a variety of construction neighborhood parks. program focuses on the multi- training programs. Students species recovery of salmon earn a certificate from Renton Environmental Sensitivity habitat and populations Technical College or South has Been Preserved and throughout their historic Seattle Community College Perpetuated range, and in particular critical upon completion. Many of the habitat for the Endangered students have successfully Our reservation and this region Species Act-threatened Puget launched construction careers are rich with natural resources: Sound Chinook salmon, which earning a great wage. marine waters, tidelands, are central to Tulalip culture. Tulalip Housing fresh water creeks and lakes, Work with habit restoration Department provides wetlands, forests—all critical includes Deer Creek, Coho affordable housing to more to our culture and way of life. Creek, Qwuloolt and the

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Pilchuck River Dam. We also celebrate over 100 years of working with the State of Washington in our fish hatchery and harvest management efforts, releasing every March through June 10–12 million coho, chum and Chinook salmon into Puget Sound. In 2007, we signed a Important historical milestones for Tulalip are displayed on this wall mural, viewable at Tulalip Resort Casino on the second floor above the hotel lobby. historic agreement with the U.S. Forest Service to foster a strong working partnership Just 30 years ago, tribal first casino and bingo facilities. and to ensure Tulalip’s treaty economic resources were Soon economic growth pointed rights were protected on minimal. Progress occurred to the need for additional ancestral lands that now lie in 1983 when the tribe was police and fire protection, within the national forests. among the first to open a bingo roads, lighting, sewer, water, hall, and again in 1992 when and other infrastructure. In Economic Base Supports we opened our first casino response, the tribe applied to Tribal Members and Our where the Quil Ceda Creek the Internal Revenue Service Surrounding Community Casino now stands. and Bureau of Indian Affairs to In 1998, the business create a municipality known as We support our reservation development effort began as Quil Ceda Village—a political through careful planning and a small business park near the subdivision of the tribes. Of economic development along the more than 500 federally the I-5 corridor. The effort recognized tribes in the United began decades ago when tribal States, the Tulalip Tribes is leaders sensed that reservation the first and only to establish life and structure isolated tribal a federally recognized city to members from the benefits diversify our financial interests of the area economy. Tribal and promote economic leaders worked diligently activity. The village’s status to lay the groundwork for was a hard fought victory of the creation of a business tribal sovereignty and the development within the recognition of inherent rights. reservation that could bring Now Quil Ceda Village is jobs and economic diversity to Located off I-5 between exits 200 and home to the only AAA Four- its people and the surrounding 202, Quil Ceda Village, established in Diamond accommodation in 2001 has become a hub of shopping, community. entertainment, and dining. Western Washington—Tulalip

39 2021–2022 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE ABOUT TULALIP

Resort Casino. Its beautiful surrounding community and recreation and dining, the carvings, weavings and art the rest of Washington began village may eventually provide offer a glimpse into the rich back in 1855. It is important employment for more than heritage of our people who to remember that the original 8,000 people. depended upon the land, 1855 contribution of the Tulalip Businesses in the the water and the salmon Tribes to the Washington development zone are also for survival. A landscaped economy was the provision of producing $40 million in annual walkway allows visitors to millions of acres of land and state sales tax collections. stroll between the resort natural resources on which While these state taxes are casino, the 3,000-person the state was developed. In designed in part to pay for outdoor amphitheater addition, the tribe continues infrastructure that supports and the 130-store Seattle to contribute land and natural business operation, it is ironic Premium Outlets. resources to the state’s that the tribal government Add major retailers such economy through forestry that zoned, planned, and as Walmart, The Home Depot, restoration and timber harvest, built the infrastructure for and Cabela’s, Quil Ceda Village marine habitat restoration, Quil Ceda Village does not now attracts more than 6 hatchery operations, currently receive a share of million visitors each year. countering oceanic changes this sales tax revenue. In As a model for economic (climate change) and harvest addition to providing jobs development to sustain tribal management that improve and state tax revenues, tribal community and culture, the availability of salmon members themselves also the village is dedicated to and shellfish. buy millions of dollars worth preserving as much of the Further, nearly three of goods and services from natural environment as quarters of the $400 million in businesses and vendors in the possible. More than 60 acres annual revenues generated in local community. of undeveloped lands have the Quil Ceda Village economic been set aside as a buffer development zone directly It is Only the Beginning around the Quil Ceda Creek supports the surrounding where salmon are once again community, external Collectively, these ideas and returning as work crews and businesses, charity, and federal, accomplishments work to marine biologists are removing state, and county governments. improve the tribal workforce culverts and restoring salmon As part of this support, Quil and social conditions and spawning beds. Ceda Village businesses lift the overall area economy. have stimulated the regional However, a few decades of For Snohomish County economy by adding more than economic development and and the Rest of 5,500 jobs, generating wages social improvement represent Washington that are spent throughout the only a beginning to providing community. With planned the family strength, education The benefits of the Tulalip future entertainment-based and interaction for a healthy tribal economy to the growth in areas such as tribal community.

40 TULALIP TRIBES VISITORS GUIDE 2021–2022 The Tulalip Foundation is dedicated to empowering the wellbeing of the Tulalip Reservation and surrounding community.

The Tulalip Foundation is a tribal and federal nonprofit organization that Programs supported include: supports programs that preserve and share the Tulalip culture, create Betty J. Taylor opportunities for local youth, and provide access to justice. Early Learning Academy Hibulb Cultural Center 100% of all funds raised go directly to community Legacy of Healing projects and programs. Tulalip Veterans Quilt Project When the organization was created in 2007, the Tulalip Tribes stepped TERO Vocational up to the plate and promised to support 100% of the organization’s Training Center operating costs as long as the Tulalip Foundation was providing services Tulalip Healing to and resources to help the Tulalip Reservation and our neighbors build a Wellness Court healthy and culturally vibrant community. Tulalip Office of Civil Legal Aid For more information, visit TulalipFoundation.org

D the Historyiscover & Culture of the Tulalip Tribes

See page 11 in this guide Hibulb Cultural Center for more information 6410 23rd Ave NE Tulalip, WA 98271 Located less than a mile 360-716-2600 west of I-5 exit 199. HibulbCulturalCenter.org ESCAPE TULALIPTO A DESTINATION OF PREMIUM LUXURY

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