• Do not explain abbreviations that are listed in Webster’s NASN 10th as words: IQ, REM, ESP, AIDS, HIV, NADP, ACTH • NASN need never be expanded NASN School Nurse • Plural forms of acronyms: CPUs, CEs (no apostrophe) • Use “e.g.,” in place of “for example,” (use the abbreviation ARTICLE TITLE: Titles should be in boldface and centered. only in parenthetical expressions) Capitalize all substantial words and all prepositions of 4 or more • Use “i.e., “ in place of “that is,” or “in other words,” (use the letters. abbreviation only in parenthetical expressions)

AUTHORS: Directly underneath title, in boldface and centered. List Dates and Time academic degrees and state • Spell out months in text; OK to abbreviate in tables: Jan., • No periods in academic degrees Feb., June • “C.S.N.” should read “NCSN” • Use hyphens in date ranges: 1989-1996 • July 12, 1994 Example title/author line: Asthma and the Pregnant Adolescent • 1950s By Marian Smithey, RN, BSN, MS, NCSN, Maryland • 11 p.m.; 8:32 a.m. and Kay Heath, BSc, RN, New Jersey Geography • Use periods in U.S., U.K. ARTICLE HEADINGS: Boldface and left-justify all major headings. • In text, spell out states: “in San Francisco, California,” Subheadings should be left-justified and italicized. Capitalize all substantial words and all prepositions of 4 or more letters. Quotations • For quoted material always provide the page number of ARTICLE TEXT: the original text: *In general, for all matters of style follow the guidelines in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Associa- Examples: tion, 5th edition (APA; 2001). The following is a summary of According to the EPA, healthy school environments “measurably affect APA style: children’s learning, behavior, and growth” (Office of Children’s Health Protection, 2009, p. 463). Punctuation and Terms As Abrams (1993, p.11) argues, “We are developing a federal interagency strategy to ‘address’ these issues.” • Include serial before “and” in items in a list: • Quoted phrases begin with a lowercased word, even if the Examples: The professional school nurse is in a prime position to educate, support, and word in the original is capitalized (see first example in the monitor a student’s health condition. bullet point above). Quoted sentences are capitalized. Nurses were given students’ names, addresses, and phone numbers. Hyphenation Rules • Use spelling and punctuation style of U.S. English • Words starting with these prefixes should not have a • School-age children (not school-aged) hyphen: after, anti, bi, co, counter, equi, extra, infra, inter, • 4th-grade student; 4th grader (use numerals in this kind of intra, macro, mega, meta, micro, mid, mini, multi, non, construction over, post, pre, pro, pseudo, re, semi, socio, sub, super, • Capitalize the first word after a colon if sentence that follows is supra, ultra, un, under complete • Do not permit doubled vowels (intra-abdominal) or tripled • In-text list designators: (a) text, (b) text, and (c) text; use consonants (bell-like) (but defer to Webster’s 10th) separators for clarity only if necessary. For longer (preempt); and retain hyphens for clarity as needed lists and lists consisting of full sentences, bullet or number the • Use an en dash in open compounds: pre–World War II items instead of running the text in (see next bullet point) • Use a hyphen for hyphenated compounds: non-weight- • For bulleted or numbered lists, format the text with a capital bearing letter to begin each individual bullet. If the list consists of full sentences, end each with a period. Numbers vs. Spelled-Out Numerals • Use numerals for single-digit units of time, quantity, and Example: distance, and for all numbers 10 and above: 6 weeks, 40 The school regulations are as follows: students, 1.6 m, 156 trials • The school is a smoke-free campus. • Spell out numbers and accompanying abbreviations when • All asbestos has been removed from the school campus. first words in sentence: “Sixteen milliliters…” • The school has procedures for the efficient operation of plumbing systems. • Use for thousand: 1,000

Abbreviations and Acronyms Units of Measure • If an acronym or abbreviation is used many times, spell it out in • Spell out units of time in running text: 3 seconds, 8 parentheses the first time it’s used; use the acronym thereafter. minutes, 2 hours (also day, week, month, year) • 200x for magnification Example: • 37°C The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes these standards. FIGURE AND TABLE CITATIONS IN TEXT: • Delete acronyms that are used only once (spell out the term • Each figure and table must have a citation in text. instead) • Explain all acronyms and abbreviations used in tables and Example: figures in a note at the bottom of the table/figure. More than 14 different program offices at the EPA have published voluntary tools to address these conditions (see Table 1).

CITATIONS AND REFERENCES:

General in-text citation style: Follow APA style, “Reference Book, article in an edited book (provide editors, use “Ed.”): Citations in Text” (pp. 207-214). The following is a summary: Ulman, J. D., & Sulzer-Azaroff, B. (2001). Multielement baseline design in educational research. In E. Ramp & G. Semb (Eds.), Behavior • Citations can be placed within text or (more commonly) in analysis: Areas of research (pp. 371-391). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: parentheses. For citations of 2 authors, use “and” between Prentice-Hall names (spell out within text and use “&” in parentheses). List multiple citations alphabetically and separate them with Magazines and newspapers . Beauchamp, R. L. (2000, January 3). Early childhood intervention. Newsweek, 455, 34-35, 38.

Example: Are too many kids on Ritalin? (1999, September 11). The Washington Studies have shown that students are more prone to such behavior (Gardner, Post, p. A2. 2007; Smith, 1999; Taylor & Cooper, 2005). According to Taylor and Cooper (2005), … Internet citations (list retrieval date, no period after URL) • With 3-5 authors, list all authors the first time you cite, then Jacobson, J. W., Mulick, J. A., & Schwartz, A. A. (1995). A history of facilitated communication: Science, pseudoscience, and antiscience. abbreviate to first author + “et al.” (e.g., Addams et al., 2000). American Psychologist, 50, 750-765. Retrieved January 25, 2006 • With 6 authors, always list just first author + “et al.” from http://www.ampsych.com/journals/html • For the same reference cited multiple times in one paragraph, delete the year in second and subsequent citations. APA updates to psychological terms. (1999, November 19). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Retrieved Example: November 19, 2005 from http://www.apa.org/journals/ Hypoglycemia is one of the most serious consequences of the disease /webref.html (American Diabetes Association, 2007; Cameron, 2001). A blood glucose reading below 70 mg/dL is generally considered low (American Diabetes Association).

• If there is no author, give first few substantive words of the article title: (“Inpatient Care,” 1999) • See “Quotations” section above for listing page numbers of quoted material. • OK to cite URLs in text without including the site in the reference; use general style: http://www.____

Reference List: Follow APA style, Chapter 4, “Reference List” (pp. 215-281).

• Begin the reference listing with the heading “References.” If providing resources, list them in a separate “Resources” section before the references. • Alphabetize the reference list by the last name of the first author. If author is not provided, alphabetize under first substantive word of the title • List all authors up to 6, for references with more than 6 authors use “et al.” • Add commas between authors, place periods after publication year, and article title; italicize journal and book titles; capitalize initial word in journal articles and book titles (but capitalize major words in journal titles). See examples below.

Journal article: Hoyt, H., & Broom, B. K. T. (2002). School-based teen pregnancy prevention programs: A review of the literature. Journal of School Nursing, 18(1), 166-169.

Hill, I. D., Dirks, M. H., Liptak, G. S., Colletti, R., Fasano, A., Guandalini, S., et al. (2005). Guidelines for the treatment of celiac disease in children: Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology, 40(1), 11-19.

Book Adams, G. L., Jr. (1984). Comprehensive test of adaptive behavior. Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill.

Book edition (list “3rd ed.” after title): Brown, L. S. (2008). The clinical psychologist: Diversity issues in counseling education (3rd ed.). New York: Kluwer.