Public Disclosure Authorized
VOL. 23 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
Environmen(aI Impacts Asscss~rlcnt(EA) - Executive Sommilry
Client: People's Committee of Cantho city
Project Managenlent: Cantho Sub-project Management Unit of VUUP
. Consultant: Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.
March, 2009
Thanglong I~~fr:~stl-uct~!i-eDevelopment JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) 1 VII: I'IVAM lJ1<13AN Ill'(;f SUMMARY 1 Chapter I - lntrodnction Gover~imenlof' Victnalii acknowledges Tlie World Bank's assistance in tlie preparation of an Urban Upgradi~igI'r.qjcct klr poor people as an initial investment in National Program. Cities Alliance Organi~ationalso assists Government ol' Vietnam by preparing a series of researches "Strengthen approacli ability to ilili-astructure and IIOLIS~I~~for tlie i~rbansensitive poor co~n~nunitiesin Vietnam" in order lo dcvclop tlic lVational Urban Upgrading Program (NUUP). Ministry of Planning and Irivest~nelitrcqucsl ii)r rlic World Bank's assistance to Vietnam Urban Upgrading Pro-ject (VIJLIP) that aillis to ~~pgradeIcw-i~ico~iic communities in some cities, including Ho Chi Minli City, tlai I'liong, lVatli I>ilili and C';irl 711io.To ~iieettlie Govcrn~nent'ssucli de~iiands,tlie World Bank has co~nmittedto liliance tlic iniplcliic~itationof' Vietna~iiUrban Upgrading Program ill 4 typical citics, namely Nam Dinli, tiai Plio~ig.110 ('hi Minl~City and Can Tho. 'fhe project names "Vietnam ilrbali upgrading pro.ject-VUIJP" alid is divided into 4 sub-pro-jects implemented in sucli cities. Tlie sub-prqjects' main ob.jectivcs arc lo conlributc lo tlie poverty-alleviatio~iin tlie ilrban low-income residential area by i~iiprovingtlie living and environ~nentconditions and step by step apply the participatory planning aplxoacli in ~ll.hanupgrading aiming lo riieet tlie ~lrbanpoors' demands and living conditions. Tlic Pre-leasibilil) St~ldyReport of Can Tlio ~lrbanupgrading sub-prqjcct was adopted by Pri~nc Ministcr 01' Viclna~non Oflicial Letter No 729lCP-CN dated 30 May, 2003. On this basis, sub- projects' colnpone~ils ill each phase \\ill be approved by People's Committee of Can Tlio city. Accordi~~gto tlic I're-FS. the prqjecl includes 4 mairi colnl~oncnts: (1) 'rerliary Infrastr~~cture Upgrading: (3) Primary and Sccondnry Infrastructure Upgrading; (3) Housing to tlie poor: and (4) Ilousc- Larid Ownership Safeguard. Thcsc four main components have a lot of related sub- components. As llic Barik's loall is cliameterized by both granting and loaning mechanisms, during tlie wrap-up ~iieclinfoil 9"' May. 2003 ill Nam Dinh chaired by ilie World Bank and Mop[, it is agreed lliat Ilie pro.jccI COI~~~OSCSof 0 liiaili co~i~po~ie~its:(I) Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading, (2) Primary and Seco~idarq I~ifrastruclure Upgrading; (3) Housing for poor people: (4) I-louse-Land Ownersllip Saleguard; (5) Kcvolving Fu~idsfor house upgrading: and (6) Capacity Building. Chapter 2 - Environmental Policies and Legislation 2.1. Vietnii~neseGovernment Requirement - Law 011 I:livifol~rncntal Protection approved by ihc Vietnamese I\ialional Assembly on Novcliibcr 29. 2005 and became ef'ectivc as of .luly 1, 2006. - I,aw 011 C~lsloriis2001 approvcd by tlie Vietnamese National Assembly on June 29. 2001 and bccaliic cflcctivc as ol'.lanuary 1 2002. - Lack 011 Ij~ulectionof Pcople's Health approved by tlie Vietnamese National Assembly on .lunc 30. 1989 and bcca~iieeffective as of July 1 I. 1989. - Dccrcc No. 2012008lNI)-CP dated Fcbruary 28. 2008 a~iiendingand adding to Decrec No. 80/2006/ND-CI' dated ,411gusl9, 2006 of the Govern~nentproviding detailed regulations for i~ilplc~i~c~itatio~ioftlie law on cnvironrnental protcction. - Decree No. 174/2007/ND-CP dated Nove~nver29, 2007 on environmental protcction cliargcs payahlc fi~solid waste water. VII;.I.IVAM 1 JIII3AN 1 II'(;I - Deciuion No.5012006lQD-BTC datctl Oclober 25, 2006 011 Keg11lation for payment. collection, liialiagcliiellr and using assessment fecs: Fees for exploiting, exploraling and using water resource license: discharge wastc water illto water source and implement drilling work. - Dccisio~iNo.22312006lQD-TTg datcd October 18, 2006 on approving tlie Natio~ialPrograni of' I'rotcclion - Sal'ely - Sanitary at work up to 201 0. - Decision 1Vo. 2212006lQD-BTNWIT dated December 18. 2006 011 forcing to i~nplement Vietnam criteria of E~ivironment. - r)cci\io~lNo.1312006lQD-BTNMT dated Septcmbe~8. 2006 on Organisi~igand Opcrati~~g Regulatis~i\ of Assesslnent Council lor E~~virol~~iie~~talStrategy Assess~ncnt Repoll I I?~ivirori~iic~ita~11iil)acl Assessnient Report. - Ilccisio~~No. 328120051 QD-T'Tg daled December 12, 2005 on approving the National Plan of F,~~viro~i~~~c~~lalI'ollution Control up to 20 10. - Decisio~iNo. ~5120021Q~-~l 2.2. World Barik Safeguard policies - 01' 4.0 I Ol!jcclivcs of EA - 01' 4. I I Cultural Property VI l1'l.N~~I I li13AN IJ I'(;liAC)IN(; I'K0.I LT'r - CAN'I'I 10SI Jn-I~RO.rEC'1- Component 2, I)~I;ISC 2 1511viro11111c.atal IIIII):IC(S Asscsso~c~~t(EA) - ISxec~~tiveSu~nnln~-;\.' - - BP 17.50 Information Disclosure Chapter 3 - Brief description of project Consultant in coopesation will1 PMU and relevant stakeholders has developed tlie various technical options. compared with tlic benefits li.oni social, environmental issues. ~eegardingtlie tinancial resource to idcntil) (lic linal option. 'l'lie details arc as bclow Table 3.1: Summary of work items proposed for investment No. I'ropowc'l Work item to be i~lvestment Construction Compensation cost routes cost for site clearanc (mil.VND) (mil.VND) I Ban Builtling trapezoidal stone emba~tkment 25,728.30 44.9 1 5.93 Canal - along ~licexisting canal; L = 462111. road I3rancli 1 (3.5111 mitlc), pavement (1.0m witlc) and sitlewalk ( I,Om witle) on tlie two sides of tlic canal. 2 Ban '17iirning into sewer ( I .6m x 1,2111: 7,979.93 Canal - 7.0mxl.5111) according to tlie ncwly Branch 2 a?justed canal route (L = 390111 + 80m): bitu~ninous concrctc road (5.0m width); pavcmcnt (I .Om wide) on thc two sidcs of tlic road: Installing road lighting system. 3 7'1ia1n I3uilding trapezoidal sto~ic cmbank~nent 12,742.58 l'uong alo~;~the existing canal (L = I6l m + 132 1 7.905.35 ('anal m): ad (3.Sm wide) and pavcment (1.0n1 witlc) 011 Ihe two sides; sidewall< (1.0m witlc) on tlie two sidcs: Installing road ligli~ingsy\tem. 4 C'au Kinll I3ui lding concrete embankment Ihr Ilie 7.9 1 3.40 ('anal c\i\ting open canal (3m wide): pavement (3111 witlc) on one side (eastern side); hox . culvert 3m x 3111. L = 15111 across 1'am Vu to C'an 1-110 rivcs; Installing road lighting system. d- .- - 5 Ngi~ye~i Replacing (lie existing drain (L=1438111) by 6,806.85 Van Cu nc\\ one with diameter of 1000mn-I (or bigger) on tlic soutlicrn pavement of the existing I-oad 6 CM'I'H Replacing the existing drain by new one of' 9,682.15 Road 1) 1000 (and ovcs) on tl~cwcstcrn p.1,vc~ncnt ol'the existing road Replacing the existing canal (L, = 5 14m) by 9,422.86 1) 1500 drain: Building bituminous concrete (hm wide); Building pavement (3111 widc) on Ihc two aides of road; Installing road lighting syytcm 8 L,anc (Jpgradi11.g tlis existing canal (L=675m). 7,654.07 #7213 huiltli~igroad and lighting system. (NI'MIC Itoad) 9 Cau C'li ua Cou Chua canal: 29,322.72 and Son Section I - Replacing the existing canal by Cana l drain (Dl200 or box culvert 2mx2m), Tlianglong InSrastructure Development JSC.(lnfra-Thanglong) 3 VII: I'NAM IJliIZAN III'(;IIADIN(; PROJT.C'! - C 4N 1.1 10 SI [R-PR0.I ECT Compot~etlt2, pll;lsc 2 Et~vil-onmc~~lallmpacls Asscssrl~cnl- -- - (ER) - ICuccutivc Sonhnl;irg ------building concrcte road (4m) and pavcmcnt ( 1 m) on one side of tlie road. Section 2 - Upgradi~igtrapezoidal stone cmbankmcnt (tlic jetty top of I Om wide). L = 332111. lioad (3111) and pavc~nent(1 m) on two sidcs of~liccanal. Son cid Rcplacinp lhc existing canal by scwcr (111 300mm; L = 2501n): Building hiluminous concrete road (5m wide) above tlic \ewer: pavelncnt (1 m wide) on one side ol'11ic road; Installing lighting system. 10 Cai Kllc Qhlie north side (L = 968 in): building 29,552.61 Canal cx~icreteembankment, road (3m wide) and . s~dc~.alh(3m width) along tlic banh. I~islalli~iglight system. @i tlic soutli side (L = 873 m): building 26,063.39 concrcte e~iibank~nent,road (6m w~de)and \~dcwalk (5n3 w~dtli) along tlie canal; Installing lighting system. rpTotal 1 190,774.30 1 Sucli colnponcnls will bc divided into 3 packages: - I'acliage 1 includes: tlie f?rst branch - Ban canal, Thaw Tlii~ongcanal, tlie second branch -Ban canal. - I'achagc 3 i~~cludcs:Cai Klie canal (tlic nortlicln bank and tlie southern bank), Cau Clii~acanal a~idSon cannl: - I'ackagc 3 includes: Ngi~ycnVan Cu Road, CMT8 Road and lane 300 (in CMT8 Roacl), Call Kilili canal. I.anc 72B (NTWIK road). Chapter 4 - ~escii~tionof baseline environment 4.1. Natural condition Can Tho City lias an arcs of 1,390 k~n'. without natural Sorest and sca, land used mainly For agricultural I'arming. l'lie city is divided into 4 urban districis (Ninli I I7 IIC telnpcraturc ill the project area has tlie general tcalure of Can Tho City. Tlie average te~nperature has little diffcrencc a~~nually.Tllc merage te~npcrature is from 26°C to 28.I0C monthly. Ihc teml~crat~~cis thc l~igllcstill April and the lowest in Ja~~ual-y. l'he hu~nidityof air ~lioisteris always liigli an~iually(~iiore 82%). Tlie liigliest is from May to October and tl~clowcst is ill February. As Can Tho City is located ill humid - tropical zone with a monsoon i~iiluenccand lias 2 disti~~guisliedseasons: tlie sunny scason and tlie rainy season. Iiowevcr, there is no big dil'lcrc~~ceabout Iiu~niditybetween the 2 seasons in a year. Carl 1'110 Cily is ill tllc Iiigli lieat of sun light zone, especially at the end of the dry season. Comparing wit11 that ill 2005 and 2004. tlic number of sunny liours does not change ~nuch~nonthly. Tlie most was ill March 2006 (238 IIOLII.~), and the least was in July 2006 (1 35 liours). Tlie number ol'liglit liours was 2.243 hours ill 2006. wliic11 was lcss than in 2005. Rairi rcgi~licin Cali 1'110 is intluenced by circulation of monsoon with a rainy season and a dry season. Rainy season and Hooding at the same time lasts 6 ~nonths.Recently. the rainfall lias not changed mucli. I'lic rainfall is low in tlie dry season, but considerably high in tlie rainy season from May to October wli~cliaccou~its Ihr 90% of the annual rainlhll. Ihe liiglicst rainfall is in Scptcniber and October. Altl~ougliCall 'Slio City is not affected seriously by windstorm, in rainy scason, heavy rains appear and last Ihr a long ti~i~ccausing tloods and traftic jam ill tlie urban area. Annually there are 3 main wind clireclio~is:(i) 7 Ile lirst: Soutli- west; (i) The seco~id:North - east: (iii) Tlie third: South - east. 'I'lie annual average velocity ol'wi~idis I .6 m/s. Tliere are 63 days with heavy wind from May to October and tlie l~iglicstcelocily of licavy wind is 3 1 ~ii/s.. /(il'c11' .s)?\le111fc~t~ll~l'c~.\ 111 (7ti~~ T/IO ('ill' Can 'I'lio City Iias a dense system of rivers and canals with tlie total le~igtliof about 560km. Rivcr dcnsity is quite liigli, 1.8 hm/hm2. especially 2 lkm/kln2 in Hau riverain land ill Nilill I 60 k~ii. , - Canal syslcm: Can l'ho River, Cai Khe canal, Xeo I,a canal, etc are big canals, flowing from Cali '1-110 liivcr to the inland and being the drainage systcn? of the city. At present, some ca~ials such as .l'Iiani Tuong, Cai Klie. Bar1 and Cau Cllua arc pollutcd seriously. Rivers and canals in Can I'llo City are affcctcd by different semi-diurnal tide because tlie city is far li.om tlie sea: the last tidal wave is gradually weak, that is, tlie time of the upward tidal wave (4.39 - 5.0811) is sliorte~.t11a11 tlic time of the downward tidal wave (6.36 8.3511). In tlie ebbing tide. tlie dil'fcrcncc between the Iiiglicst and lowest tidal wave is more than 170cm. VII:13NAM III(I3AN II IViRAIIIN(; I'ROJ EC'T - C:AN'I'I 10 SIJU-I'RO.IGC1' Componcot 2, ~)l~asc2 E~~vi~-onmco(:~llo11):lc.(s Asscss~~lc~~t(EA) - Exccolivc Surn111al.y 'l'lie flooding scnson i1i.Ca11,110 starts in July and ends in December. It often rains licavily in th flood reason ill tlic Iicadland. '1-lie liigliest tlood level is in September and October when heavy rains occur in tl~clocality. 11.3 f'actors: Iiigli increase in the level of Hau River (about 40.0001n3lsecond). heavy rain and Ilood-tidc occur. at tlic saliic time. tlie water level will rise causing large and long llooding. The average tlood intensity in Can Tlio is about Scmlday. Because of tlie dense canal system, the tloods drai~irather slowly. f!ie peak tlood appears in Can Tlio City 10+15 days longer than in Cliau Doc districl. 4.2. Socio-economic condition Industrial production dcvelops stably. Modern mechanism investment, product innovation and product quality improvement help to raise incomes of this area. Besides, infrastructure development planning i~ivestmc~~tis stable and gradually specialized. In tl~cproject arca. tlic cconomic activities mainly concent~.ateson trade in services, transportation and small enterprises. Most 01' production and trading units in tlie pro-ject area do not have a waste trcat~iicntsystcrn. Waste water is mostly discharged into tlie general drainage system of tlie city. Solid waste is collected by Can Tlio urban stri~ctirrecompany. Tlie agriculture dcvelop~nentin Ninli Kieu district tends to decrease because of urbanization. Tlie area of i;irri~i~igland is Icss and less and gradually changes into land-tenured. In all sectors. tlie breeding scctor has Ilic greatc\t valuc of production. Domcstic aninial raisi~~gsituation in Ninli Kieu tends to decrease because the area of raising is less aiid less and partly affected by the bird t1i1. Tlie area of aqi~aticproduct raising is larger and larger, tlie mari~icpr.oduct ilidustry developnient causes pollution to tlie water environment because of waste from tlicsc activities. Recently. grecli atid modc~ntourist gardens have already been invested along highways and waterways att~acti~iga lot of domestic and foreign toi~rists.Famous ecological tourist areas in Cali 7'110 City includc My Klialill tourist garden. Pliu Sa toi~ristarea, Binli l'liuy orchid garden. According to tlie statistic figurcs of touris~iiill 2006. tlie number of liotels increascs to 302 with about 71 6,245 tourists. According to (lie survey result of tlie Statistic Office in Ninli Kieu district (2006), tlie district popi~lationwas 2 13.095 peoplc, of which 48.56% is male and 5 1.44% is female. Tlie district is divided into 12 wards with tlie,density of 7.259 persons/km2. Tlie 11i1111ber01' pcoplc suffering from diseases related to tlie environment si~clias dysentery, diarrliea, ~xtccliialSevcr is ratlie! Iiigli. Tile main reasons are i~nliygie~iicliving habit and pollution. Specially, tlic pcoplc living in tlie residential areas along tlie current open canals often release solid wastes and waste water directly into rivers. Besides, tly and mosquito as well as disease-transmitted insects such as riiousc dcvclop fast and strongly. It is tlie fi~ndamcntalsource creating epide~iiicand harmful discascs to public Iicaltli. 4.3. Status of Infrastrr~cturesystem Tlie total lenglli of water si~ppl)pipeline is about 430km and its diameter of 60 + 600 mm is made of concrete or plastic. rllie ratio ol'water loss is about 30% of tlie provided water. All water plants in Can 7fliariglongInt'rastlucturc Development JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) 6 VII:I'NAM I1Ii13AN IIT' Esvi~*o~~~nc~itaIIml)i~cts-- Asscssmcnt (EA) - Enccutivc 8~iinn1i1r.y 'fho City usc surFacc water in the area (Can Tho River. Flau River) when supplying watcr sources. Silcli capacities cIisilrr l'or activities of life. production, etc in tlie arca. Now, in Can Tho City tlie average watcr consumption is about 150litreslpcrson/day. 7.I lie i~rbandrainage sy~temis mainly built LIPin Ninh Kiei~district and some main routes ol'Cai Rang, Binh Tliuy and 0 Moll districts. Now, tlie wastc water is not separately collected, but goes into tlie rain water s~steni and directly discliargcs into rivers and canals without treatment. Ninli Kiei~district. tlic center ol'tlie city. Iias a quite complete drainage inli-astructure wliicli has about 75 drainage lines locatcd lnainly in big routcs as Hoa Binh boulevard, 312 road, Cacli Inang tliang Tam road, Nguyen 7'rai. ctc) and sonie OFsub-routes (Tran Ngoc Quc St. Ngi~yc~iTlii Minh Khai St, Dc Tlia~nSt. Dong I Tlic transportation systeni lias i~rbantrafiic clizu-actcristics. Whole Ninli I(ie11 district lias about 146 routes \\it11 tlic 1~)tallenglli of 93.5km, including: National highways I A and 9 1 B: Main r.outes in the city are Cacli mang 11iatig Ta~ii,312. I-lung Vuong, Tran PIILI,3014, Hoa Binh road, etc; Some small roads conncct wards and many lanes with tlie minimized width of 1.5111. At1 'l'lioi ward. Binli Tlii~ydistrict lias only one main route, namely CMT8, links Binh Tliuy ward to l'lioi l3inli and Cai Klic wards. Almost all of tlie roads in Ninli I 'I'lic arca of Nilill Kiei~district had 29 health units (2006) including 7 Iiospitals, 12 heal111 statio~isat tlie ward level and others with 821 patient bcds. The area of All Tlioi ward (in Binh 'TIii~ydistrict) lias ~ioIiospital. and onl ome hcaltli slation at tlie ward Icvcl. 4.3.5. Solid wcrsfe nrcrnrrgetrrenf I'lic city lias 4 urban slid 4 suburban districts but only tlie Urban Constri~ctionCompany is in charge of '.rrarbage collection. dclive~yand treatment for 4 wards. namely Ninli Kiei~,Binh Tlii~y,Cai Rang, O Mon hit11 tlie total volumc of 400 toneslday. Accortling to tlie analysis 1.cs111tof the composition of solid waste in Chai~Tlianli landfill (in past), niost of urban wastc is organic :;~lbstanceaccou~iting for 82%. tlie rest is hardly dccomposcd waste such as ~netal.~.ock. sand. glass, ctc.. Nowadays. llic Ilrban Construction Company of Can Tho City carries o~rttlie waste collection in the co~islruclionprocess. Tlic waste will be transported to Lo~igTlianli landfill (about 15km fro111 tlic city celllet.). Can -1 lio City is in tlie urbanization process, many ncw residential areas are being fornied silch as southern area of Can 'rho River, residential area along 91B Road. 'Tlicsc arcas formerly arc ngrici~lturalli~rriii~ig lalid witli niany tields and poncls. Changing tlie objective of lalitl use li.0111 agricultr~ral1:11id to ~.c\'identiallalid raises tlie demand or land iilling. Chapter 5 - Environment Setting in the project area 5.1. Natural Resources Can .l'llo <'ity lias no metal mineral. Natural resources mainly include f.cirn?ing land, frcshwatcr lislies, and sarid (used for co~istruction). 5. I.I. Biology Tlianglong Inli.astri~cli~rcUevelopme~it JSC.(Irifra-Tbanglong) 7 VII; I'NAM IIItI3AN IIP(;PAI>IlVG I'ROSECT - ( AN rl 10 SIJU-PI Environmrntsl 1111l)actsAsscss~nent (EA) - Executive Summary -- pppp-p -- Biolt>gical rcsourccs of Call 'Ilio City can bc divided into 2 types: wild ecosysteni and agricultural ccosyslem Wild ecosysteni: (i) Wild flora includes 130 spccies of grass and small vegetables fa~iiiliarto speciiic species of tlie IMcko~igRiver Delta; (ii) Wild fauna includes 14 species of mammal (SLICII as Ihx, m~rsk-cat. lield-~nousc,otter, etc), 30 species 01' bird (as flowerpecker, sparrow. teal. screecli-owl, purple l~c~.o~i.ki~~gfisllrl.. etc), 20 specics of reptile and amphibian, some insects and 133 species of iisli. Agricultu~.alccosystc~~~: (i) Livestock is limited in quantity witli typical domestic aninials such as bufk~lo.cow. pig. ctc and about 28 species of iisli bred in local ponds. (ii) Crop plant includes 60 pla~~tsused ['or i\)od a~lddrug in which water-rice is dominant. Fruit-trecs mainly includc specics of lo~iga~~.oralige. ra~iibui.in. Aqi~a-CCO~S~CIII:Accorditig to tlie survey conductcd by tlic Sub-Institute of Ecology and Biological I t:rcsliwatcr rcsourccs including surface water, rainwater, and groundwater are abundant all year-rou~id. Ilowcbcr, tlie ~~npla~i~icdi~sccauscs water resources to be seriously polluted. For e.ta~iiplc, in 'Illa~ii l'uong, Ban, C'ai Kl~c.Don ca~ial,etc. 1'lie ~iiairireas011 is tlie waste water frorn ~iia~iySOLII.CCS (do~iicsticu\c and industrial and agricultural. aqua-cultural production discharged dircctly into canals without any treatment). Groundwater in (';In 'I'lio is rnainly cxploited l'rom Pleistocene aquifer. The reserves of this aquifer is qi~itcgood and q~~ality~ofwater rcaclies tlie norm of do~ncsticuse. The amount of watcr supplied For doriic\tic LISC ;ICCOLIIIIS li)r 02% oftlie total. Tlic special resource is sand from Hau Rivcr. It is estimated to reach about 1,000,000m' ann~~;~lly. l4owcvcr. management of sand exploitation is very complicated. Over-exploitation of sand could creatc potentials ol'erosion to I-la11River's banks. 5.2. Erlvirorltnen tal Quality 7 lo7 asscss currc~ltstatus of e~iviro~i~iie~itquality in tlie project area, Tliang Long Infrastructure Development SSC cooperates with tllc ~iionitoringstation of Can Tlio City Department of Nat~~ral Resources anti I3ivironmcril and Specialized Expcrinicnt Office. U~iivcrsityof Can Tho to carry out tlie ~iionitoringprogralnmc on: Air environment; Noise in tlie project area and surrounding arcas; Water cnvironmcnt (surfacc water, groundwatcr); Mud-dcposit. To uptlatc ant1 evaluate tlic sctting of surface watcr quality in canals of Phase 2 Project, 4 seriously pollt~tcdca~ials of the projcct arca werc selected to apply tlie monitoring programliie. Comparing witli Victnamesc standard of water quality, TCVN 5942: 1995 (column A) - pH index: p1-1 i'ndes at all measurement points are within tlie pertnission level oftlie standard. VIE I'NAM IIliL3AN IlI'(iI - SS: SS rate varies l'rom 1.1 S(Lanc #300 canal) lo 5.45 timcs (Cau I - BOD5: sinlil:~to otlicr parameters, BOD5 content at 4 monitoring points exceeds tlie pcrmitted standa~dl'rom 7.25 (Lanc 300 canal) to 12.5 limcs (Ban2, l'lla~nTuong canal). The result shows that water canals are seriously polluted because of the direct discharge of organic substa~lceand do~neslicwaste water i'ro~nIlouseliolds living along the canals. - Coliji>rm: At all sampling points. Colitbl.m content is many times higher tlla~itlic permitted standard (('olijorm < 5 x 103 MI'N/100ml). Samplc taken from Lanc #300 has tlic Iiighcst content (46 1 106 MI'N/100ml) and exceeds 9,200 times against [lie standard. l'lie lowest conlc~itof ('oliform is Foi~ndill Cau Clii~acanal and C~LII In gc~lcral.Ilic ~l,onitori~igresult of the groundwater quality in Ninli ICieu and Binli Tlii~ydistricts over ycal-s is quitc good. Most of the ~~arariielcrssucll as pH index, color, hardness, CI-, SO,,". NO3-, Fc, COD and Colilbrm conlcnts tluctuate slightly. Except Coliform, co~itentsof all parameters are lower tlian tllc l'c~.~iiittcdSta~ldarcl (TCVN 5944:1995). Pollution of g~.oundwater causcd by ColiSorm is possibly due to ~joortecl~nology and management during esploitatio~lprocess. 5.2.2. St(rtus c!f'crir err riirorrnrerrt Tlie sources causing air pollutio~lin tlic i~rbanof Can Tlio in particular and in Victnam ill gcneral are rnai~ll?clue to tlic i~icrcascin number of traffic vehicles. Morcovcr. the construction activities and dcal sections also have irnpacts 9n tlic air c~iviro~i~ne~itquality. 1:igures about tlic status of air environment in tlie project will bc evaluated, according to the ~iionitoringligures of the air environment of Envi~.onmentaIMonitoring Station in 1Vinh Kieu. - L)usl: TSP per hour ill air cnvironmcnt at tlie monilori~igpoints of Can 'I'lio City in 2006 is 0.20 1iig11n3ancl approximately equals to Victna~nSta~idard TCVN 59372005 (TSP < 0,3 mg11ii3). I lowever. TSP contc~itis quite liigli in rush hours or in traftic intersections such as tlie c~.ossingof Cali Tlio coach station, Ly Tu Trong crossroad and c~ceedtlic standard. - SO?: 'rhc mean contcrlt of SO2 per hour in air environment at the monitoring poi~ltsin 2006 was 0.15 mg11r13:lnd lower tlian Vietnam Standard TCVN 59372005 (SO2 < 0.35 mgIm3). l'lianglong Infi-ast~.uctureDevelopment JSC.(lnfi.a-Tllanglollg) 9 VII:TNAM IiI V iclnani. ' - CO: 'l'lie content 01' CO ill 2006 was 3.97mgIm3 and tends to increase compared witli tlie previous year (0.32mgI1ii3). I-Iowever, it is still inally times lower than tlie permitted limits (3O1np]rii3). 'l'lie higlicst value of CO in dense traftic areas such as Can l'iio's Coach Station is 10.241iiglm3. lowel- content is 8.0911iglm3 tbund in l,y TLI Trong crossroad and the lowest one is l.341iigIni3 in Long Tuycn ward. - Noise: Tlic noise level over years tends to increase; typically I,ong 'l'i~yen ward varies f'rom 5 1 to 64.5dBA lioni tlie year 2004 to 2006, ilndcr the permitted liniits (75dBA). Noise levels measured in Ly Tu Trong and coach station intersectio~isescecd tlie permitted standilrtl due to tllc liigli traf'lic density there. For updating figures about environment qi~alityin the pro-jcct area, tlic research group carried out a monitoring ~>rogra~ii~iieon the air quality su~.rou~iding canals. According to monitoring result, it can be said that no st of air quality parameters are under tlie peniiittcd standard. except positions in Tliam Tuong canal and Hoa Binli road witli tlie contcnt ofNO2 a little liiglicr than tlie standard (0.23mglni3). To asws llie \edinic~itquality in canals of the pro-ject area. the research groi~phave talcen 4 sedinicnt sa~nplcsill 4 canals. I'lic sampling were not conducted in Cai Khe canal because this canal does not llavc trace of pollutio~iant1 tlie proposed constn~ctiononly focuscs on bank irnl>rovernent. canal scd inlent wi 11 1101 be excavated. Tlie ~iionitoringpiogranimc will provide tlie tigures of tlie potential i~npactsgenerated from dredging and transportation of excavated sediment. However. LI~to now, Victnani lias not cstablislietl the sta11dal.d Ihl- quality or' excavated niatc~.ialsyct. Tlius. to ekaluatc lhe pollution level OF sediment, tlie PEL Standards lime bccn used. Except Zn. all other enalyrcd para~netcrshave lower content tlian PEL standard. The Zn contcnt ill 3 canals: Cat1 I Chapter 6 - Impacts prediction and evaluation 6.1. Impacts Screening 7.1 Iiro~~glitli~ l~roces\ ol'doc~~~i~ent sti~dy and tield survey. tlie assessment on tlie pro-ject's impacts on tlic en\ iro~i~iientcan be identiticd. (see table 6.1) Table 6.1: List of environmental impacts of the project 7--I I 1 Envi'ronhental issues I Prc- I Construction Operation 1 construction stage stage - I Natural e~~vironmrvjt I Air pollution --- 2 Surface water pollution K --- 3 Noise -- --- K l'lianglong Inliastructure Development SSC.(Infra-Thanglong) 10 VIE, NAM II RI3AN II I'CiRA IIINC; I'RO.IEC'7' - CAhI'l'l IO SIIU-PI Environmental issues col~strr~ction 1 4 / Scttlcnie~ita~id soil elvsinn 1 I< I --- I + 1 Underground water I< -- I< I< -- K Solid waste -- -- 1 + I I I Site clca~i~iccand i~iriticmei~t I --- I I I< I 1 2 Trading acli~itics + -- I< , I Sanitation and easily infectious K -- I< Public liealtli . I< -- I< .- -- I Landscape of area I Religious i~illue~icc K I< I< Note: ! ---: Strongli negative impact: -- ~verabenegative impact: It could bc easily realized that the environmental impacts n~ainlyoccur during construction phase. 'fhe impacts gclicrated fl-om pre-construction phase are related direct y to requirc~iientof site clearance tor constr'uctio~iactivities. I 6.2. Environniental Impacts Assessment I As screened. almost a!l ol'tlic impacts generated Troll1 the pro.; ct performance are short-term. minor and/or mediuni slid mitigable. Therefore. in this part ol'tlie cl apter, tlie detail assessment on these 1I i~iipactsscrcened \\ill he provided. I The total ~iu~iiherof PAHs is 933 in whicli 618 Iiousehold~are permanently affected alltl 315 Iiouseliolds a1.e temporarily affected. , Lrri~clclrcrr-criicc~: .For a new construction, land clearance is a very complicated issue that causes disorder in tlie al'l'ected people's mind. According to tlie field survey, there arc 978 project affected households (PAHs), including: l'lianglong I~iii.astri~cti~reDevelopment JSC.(Infra-Tl~anglong) I I Il:nvi~~oornentalImoacts Asscss~nc~lt(EA) - Exccutivc Summilry - -- - Land teni~reand house: there are 878 PAHs, including 276 temporarily PAHs and 61 1 pcr~na~ie~itlyPAHs. Tlie per~nanentlyPAtls arc mainly located along tlie pro-ject canals. - Agricultural land: there are about 12 PAHs \~lioscland will be acquired by the pro-icct proposed 'co~lstructions. As tlie project is li~ndedby the World Bank, associatcd with tlie rcquircments ol' environmental safeguard policy, tliere is also a distinguished contcnt concer~iingwitli "tlie preparation of rcsettle~nent plan" Ihr I'Al Is. This ,plan is prepared by social specialists. PAHs were s~rrvcyedon tlieir socio- ccono~iiicstatus (i~icomc.cmploymcnt, etc) as well as werc consulted about tlieil Iinancial capacity and dc~nands.Resides. tlic prqjcct also develops the Co~nponent#3 - Constr~~ctionof Resettlenicnt Arca cvitli a cn~np~.eliensiveiniiastri~cturd system (such as electricity. road, scliool. station, market and so on). Air quality will be evaluated b) parameters such as dust and exhausted gas including COz, NO2, SOz and tIC. Dust: I>ust could be generated from these following sources: - Dust produced during land clearance. partial or complete dcstruction of str~~cturesand works located within the corridor of invcst~nent lines. The demolished volume is estimated to be 18,540 111' (approxiniately DO ~n'lliouseliold).Generated dust is about 1-1 0Og of dust pa~ticlesll~ii'cxcavated soil wliicli arc ~iiucliless I-atlier than construction waste. It mealis that the total generated dust in tlie air will bc about 18.0OOg mai~llystemming from 3 invested canal systeni (group 2, 3,4). - Dust produced froill transportatioli of construction materials (especially sand and stone) and construction wastclsludge and excavated soil in and out of construction sites. llie total excavated sediliic~it is e\ti~natcd to be ahout 120001i1' and tliat of tlie same volume of materials will be transported 10 construction sites. On average. tliere will be 3 to 6 vcliicles coming in and out of each co~~stluction4te. In r~j'sli-lioi~rof co~istructio~ischedule, tllc nuniber of vehicles mobilized is 2 or 3 times higher tlia~i~iormal hours. It shows tliat tlie dust generated from tliis source will bc not high in casc of tl~atall operation vellicles need to bc covered carcfi~lly during transpo~tationroads. - Dust could be generated by several other sources such as fugitive dust due to movement of transportatio~lvel~icle. dust dispersed by wind, dust from activation of heavy construction vehicles and cquip~nent..ctc.. Howcver, tlie generated dust f'rom this source is negligible and considered as cnviro~l~iicntalrisk. Gas exhausted: I.ollowing are t11e activitics (as thc time) generating bad odour during prqject implementation: Odour generated l'ro~iiactivitics of vellicle transporting constn~ctionmaterials from production placcs to construction site; Odour generated froni activities of cscavators, graders, ea~tlimovers,tampers with tlie load of 6-8 tons and 10- 12 tons. etc..: activities of ma~lualcquip~iicnt a~ldlorof workers such as worker's coolting and waste burning can also cause air pollutioli. Tlic prqject al'fcctcd people arc mainly construction workers and people living within the distance of I0 - 20111 away li-olii construction sites. The current air quality in the project routes is quite good, exccpt lhr bad sliiell lio~ntlie existi~igcanals. Tlie riumber of vehicles and equipment moblizied in each constructic,~~site varies li.oln 3 to 5 lieavy vehicles (> 57' in wcight). Similar to dust issues, tlie gas esliaustcd l'rom cc;nstruclion vehiclcs and equipment is still milch lower than the standard. lliis impact could he cvaluatcd as ininor n~idmitigable. Noise and vibratioli: Noise and vibratio~lwill be generated mainly by big construction equipment (excavator\. bulldo~cl-s:concrete mixers etc.), tixcd equip~nentas point sources and the transportation vcliiclc tlcclc transporting materials outlin the site as area sources within a narrow area. It is also caused by demolishing unde~.groundworks. As calculated, there are about 3 - 6 veliicles operating in each co~istri~ctionsitc. This number of veliicles will not generate mi~clinoise. Tlianglong Inli-astructure Dcvelopmcnt .lSC.(lnfra-Thanglong) 12 Environo~cntalInlp:lcts Assessn~cat(EA) - Executive Somn~ary ------. --. -.. -. - During conslruclion. [lie sewagc generating sourcc is mairily li-om concrete maintaining, construclion cqi~ip~iic~itcooli~ig, and workers' sewage at work Workcrs' domestic sewag~~llornesticwastc water from worker contains a lot of suspended substance, organic subslance. sedimenl and microorganism, elc. For do~iiestic sewage. it mainly contains sedimenls. suspended substances (SS). organic compourld (BOD5/COD), nutrienls (N. 1') and microorganisnis. A\ calculatcd, domestic waste water after treated by septic tanks in constn~ction contains BOD5 conlcnt exceeding 2.2- 2.6 ti~iiestlie norm arid TSS conlent cxcccding 2.2- 4.6 limes tlie norni. --Waste water ~e~icratcd frorii co~i~tructioriactivities: Construction waste waler sircli as raw nialerials, washing water. macliinc and equipnient sanitizing waler, concrete maintaining water with the high content of suspcndcd substance and organic substaricc will cause pollution to receiving areas. llie rilai~ipai-t of prcvposcd co~ist~.uctionis canal improvenie~it,cspccia l ly of Cai Klie c:unal (I lie largest carial hclongi~igto tlic' prc!jcct) where the bank is structured by loosing ~natcrials.Tlie workload of construclion is so largc and constrirclion activities to some csterids will crcatc cnvironmentnl impacts to watcr quality sucli as rise of turbidity, oil spill, decrease ofpl-l and so on ... l~npacton n~-ou~idx~~erqualitv: In general, [lie constn~cliondepth is from I to 3111. Tlierc only few boreliolcs sucli ah concrete pole suppol-ting for tlic local bridge possibly reach the dccper layer. Meanwliile, tlic main nquil'er of Can Tho cily is situated at [lie dcptli of 70 - 170 rn (QII-Ill ac1uili.r). TIILIS.tlie projccl cxccution does no1 create any impact to tlic quality and reserve of groundwatcr. There arc llrrcc main solid wasle sources: (i) solid wasle from house de~iiolition;(ii) domestic waste from workcrs and (ii) cxcavaled sediment. exclirdi~igsi~rface sli~dgc polli~ted. Solid wastc frorii house demolition: Solid waste generated frorii liousc demolition sucli as soil. rock, sludge and redundanl or spilled ~iiaterial,domestic waste) arise during site clearance process. Tlic dcmolislicd volume is estimated lo be 18.540 m' (approximately 30 m'/liouseliold) and can bc re-used in conslri~ctionsilcs. Donicstic wasle from worker: According to tlie estimation. cacli worker at tlie pro-ject area drops 0.5+ 0.75 kg do~iiesticwast'c every day. llie volumc of doinestic solid wastc will be 150-250 kg/day(about 100 workerst I packagc x 3 packages). Of wliicll. 60+70% oft.lie waste is organic substance, 30+40% is otlicr components. 111 ge~ieral.tlie volume of do~iiesticwaste contains a lo1 of organic substanccs, which arc casily disilitcgraled (except packing, nylon). 'lliis volu~iieis not large and easily collected llirougli tlic existing \v:istc colleclion service ol'llie IJrban Eriviso~imcnlCompany. -Disposal of cxcatated scd imcnt: Tlie dredgcd sediment volu~iicis calculated bascd on Ilie Icngth, lhc width and tlie dcptli of dredging sediments fhllowed rcquircnicnt for technical specifications of conslructio~i.I'lic total volume of excavated sediment is estimated to be about 12,000 m3, in wl~icl~ the pollntetl slrrclge accounts for 5 percent, equivalent to 600 m3. Regarding to cxcavalcd sediment with tlie volume of 11,400 m3 which ar-e not polluted, it could be considered as materials re-uscd I'or land filling. Cliiri~ig~lic pr(!ject preparatioli process, several potellrial sitcs sur~.oundingusban areas sliorrld be taken into account. Due lo rapid irrba~lizationprocess ol'Cn11 'llio city. tlic cliangc of land use purpose l'rom agricultirral lo tenure land has crcalcd a Iii~ge de~na~iclfor land filling. Il is easily recogrlized l.liat there are many areas situated in Cai Khe, Hung Loi wards ctc wliicll arc l'ormerly agricultural land, ponds and/or crop-tields but no longcr used Ior cultivation. 'l'liis is Illore convenient for co~itractorto tind thc solution lor sediment disposal issucs. liegarding to 600 111' of slrrfhcc layers of sediment wliicll are seriously polluted. tlic detail assessment \vill be pro\ idcd in item 6.2.2.9. Rcsidu:il oil shall bc gcnel-atcd fro111 preparation or cquipmcnl maintenance process with an average amount ol'grcasc to hc changed from each co~lstructionmachine is so~iic71 per each cliangc lor cvery 3-6 monlhs. In case of leakage t.i.am the rcsidual oil arid grease storage 01.overt?ow waler togelher witli Tlianglong Inti-astl-uctureDevelopment .lSC.(lnfra-Thanglong) 13 VII?I'NAM I11113AN il'(il1~1>11~(;I'ROSEC7' - C'AN'I'I 10SIJI3-PIIO.II L>urillg construction pllase. partial floncling could happen bccause sollie project canal sections are going ro be blockcd. Wastcwater from construction sites associated witli wastewater fro111 households locatcd on canal banks ctc.. . could create a large volume of ruli-off water. Regarding to prqjcct canals including Lane#300, Ban, Son, Call Kinh wit11 a small widtli ra~igingfrom 3 - 5 nl bvlierc tlie current flow is very slow, tlie contractor can easily find out temporary way for discharging \vatel- during construction process. For other canals such as Tliam Tuong, Cau Chua with the cul-rent widtli varying fi.vm 8 - 20 m, tlic contractor is rcquired to devclop a temporary drainage systclii with tlic suplx)~tof high-capacity pumping ill order to assure that tlooding can not Iiappc~i especially in rainy season. For l.hc CMT8 and Nguyen Van Cu routes, the existing drainage system will be replaced by a ncw one. Therefore, tlie contractor is also required to develop technical solutions for rclnainilig tlle Ilo\vs ill drain betweell contructing sections and tlie rest. l~iipacton incollie :i~idjob of local people: As screened, local people lived on nortlieni side of Nguyen Val1 C'u road will be strongly impacted during construction stage. l'his impact is i~liavoidablebut to be nlitigatcd if the route\ will bc constructed by various sections with each section length of lowcr than 30111, instead of lolig qeclion. Thc contractor is required to establish tlie temporary acccss road for liouseliolds located close to construction fence. In convenient condition, civil work on each routes scction can be complctcd for a week. In tliis case, tliis impact is minor and mitigablc. Besides, relocatioli of An Ngliicp Market siluated on ihe northern bank of Cai I SOLI~CC01' i~iilx~ctsto pi~blicIiealtli is the pollution 01' air and water envirorvncnt. noise, vibra t' ton, traffic and i~idu\trialaccidents. Workers at construction call generate social diseases. social criliiilials or coliflict \villi r~side~its.All'ected people are construction worlcer and residents. l'lie odour from sludge decomposilioll and tlic do~ncsticsolid waste with crcate bad smell (H2S, NH,) threatening tlic people's healtli. Fl'lie waste collection and treatment in workcr'scalnps often does not reacli tlie hygiene standard. Most of workers often discharge directly waste water into surrounding areas, leading to pollutiori and bad-looking scenery, especially in canips located close to areas liavi~iga high dcnsity of population. Besides, tl~epoor awareness of environ~iienlalprolcction and habit of duliiping solid wastc into canals call create additiolial volume of wastc discharging to co~lstructionsites during construction stage. In tliis case. tlie con:r:iclor will not collect it. As a result, tlic construction site will become a landlill atid is seriously polluted. l'liis issue can be solved by a close cooperation between contractor and local authorities. Reqilirements on labor safety have been stipulated strictly by Law OF People's I-lealtli alid Labor Sal'ety. Workers need to be equipped with adequate labor protection measures and first-aid kits during constructio~iexecution. Constri~ctionsmachines and vehicles need to bc ad~quatelymaintailled to ensure safety and avoid e~ivironmental pollution due to leakage of oil. A grcat number of niale workers arc LISLI~IIJatiracted to social cvils sucli as prostitution, gambling tliat causc bad cffccts Lo tlieir liealtli and Llic local cultural environ~iicnt.Besides. tlie spontaneous service system sucli as storc, market accompanied wit11 co~istructioncause a large a~iiountof do~nestic waste i~ncontrollably discharged illto tlie environ~ncnt.Tlie local aulliority should devclop a pla~ito handle witli tlicsc issues. - Cliange oi'watcr cli~alityof canals during sludgc dredging process 'I'liere are 3 types of'pollutants tllat cor~lclbe generated from excav;lt.sd sludge: - (i) Hcavy ~iictal.flic ~ironilc~r~~~gdata related to sedi~iientquality has proved tliat lieavy ~netalis absent ill sedi~nent.cxccpt ibr Zn. Therefore, tlie dredged activities will not create any source for increasing licavy 1iicta1content in surface water. According to experic~icegained from constri~ction ~iietliodology011~11 applied for s~i~allcanal improvement projects. the cxcavatcd canal will bc dividcd illto various scctio~is.Prior to excavation, tlie temporary dam will be established to isolate tlic excavated canal sections, then waste water will bc pir~npcdinto downstream areas. l'he scdime~itlsli~dgedrcdged is mainly in dry situation. Tlius, tlie potcntial of dissolving scdi~iicnt co~iipone~its(especially Zinc) illto water is minor. Moreover, Zinc is not mobile and toxic elelllent. - (ii) Redundancy (if pcsticidcs: Similar to heavy metal contcnt, tlie abscncc of redundancy of pesticide can not crcatc any effect to water quality during drcdging proccss. (iii) Tlic olga~iicco~iipou~id sucli as C. N, P: During dredging process, these compounds could bc part ly dissolved illto water, leading to tlie incl-casc in pollutant conipounds. I lowevcr, tlie proposed canals are ~iowliolluted seriously by organic compou~ids. Tlie partial release ol' organic co~iipouridsli.0111 scdimcnt to watcr will not make a visiblc cliange ofwater quality. Impacts of Iiandli~ig trarispo~-tin~of tlie dredged scdimcnt: - Dredged sludgc is !icluid and easily leaked during liandli~ig,leacliate and leakage sludge witli high solid and lieavy ~iielalcontent which would rcturri and rc-pollute water. To reduce i~npactsto watcr quality. sludge shall bc rcmoved by bucket and handle directly to truck. 1'0 avoid risk of spillage during lia~idling,tlicre are two mctliod5 that could bc applied; (i) We/ 1~1~~111~~1:dredged sludge will be storcd and transportcd in tlie tank truclc ii.om drcdgi~ipto a disposal sitc. (ii) D~)Jine/lloll: dredged sludge will be temporarily stored at tlie site, let to dry up, and then transportcd Lo tlie disposal site. Pollutcd sludge on tlie surlhce layer (estimated volu~iieof 600111') ~icedsto bc transported to tlic standard du~iipingsitc (Long l'lianli la~idlill). Impact of disposal of dredged ~iiaterial l'he I an Long la~idl'illis selccted as du~npingsite of excavated sludgc. Impact to air condition in tlie la~idtillis slight, becausc Llic landfill is designed to meet Llic standard landfill with a necessary buffer Lone alid alrcady i'acilitatcd with gascs treatment nicasures. 17helandfill nianagcment agcncies will be li~llyrcspo~isible iiw cnsuri~igcnviron~iiental protcction within boundary of landiill. One ol' tlie 111ai1i ~SSLICS rclated to adverse environ~nentalimpacts generated fro111 the project is tlie cliangc of pollution type from "area" Lo "point*'. Prior to project, almost all of tlie proposed canals rcccived waste wi~lcrfro111 surrounding areas. Based on tlie inlormation provided by tlic Technical Tealii regarding to tlic beneficiary of projcct areas, tlie pollution load of cacli proposed roule is calculated. As a rcsult. tlic difference of waler colitcnt williin Hau and Can 7'110 rivcrs is inconsiderable. I'lic wastc wate:. collected by drainage system will be dilutccl rapidly by thc river watcr. Tlianglong I~ifrastructurcDevelopment JSC.(Infra-'rbanglong) 15 VIL<'l'NAM IJI<13AN III'(;RA[>lIVG 1'RO.I ECT - CANT110 SUB-I'ROSEC'I' Cornponcrtt 2, pllilsc 2 1Cnvi1-011olc11till 1rn1)ilctsAsscsslncn t (EA) - Exccu tive Sur~lmarv Tlic ~iiainsubsta~iccs generated in tlie process of operating and maintaining tlie drainage system includc soliie odour\ getting out from tlie ~nanliolcson the network. Tlie main air emission is H2Sand so~iicotlicr kinds of gases. When tlie KtW pro-ject is completed. tlie canal and drain will only rcccive rain) \cater and tlie su~.roundingair will be reli.eshed. Process of periodically dretlging sludge can create bad odour but only few days in a year for each routes. Moreover. tlie Ilrba~iEnvironmental Co~npanywas equiped suflicently witli techniques and equipment to miligalc lliese impacts. 'This impact is minor and mitigated if tlie capacity of Urban Construction Company is suflicient to meet practical excavatio~idemand. Chapter 7 - MITIGATION MEASURES Accordi~igto OP 3.0 1 An11c.s C', 3 ~>roject'se~~viro~i~nent;~l management plan (EhIP) consists of tlie set of ~iiitigatio~i~ncasurcs, monitoring, and institutional arrangement to be taken during implementation and operation to cli~iiinateand reduce adverse cnviron~iientaland social impacts to acceptable Icvcls. To prcparc a nianagernent plan. the EA design tear11 (i) identify tlie set of responses to potentially adversc impad\: (ii) deter~nilierequirements to ensure that tliosc responses arc made effectively and in a li~iielytilaliner: and (iii) describe tlic Incans for meeting tliosc require~iients. 7.1. Principle In order to mitigate the environmental impacts, sources of pollution need to be i~ndcrthe co~itrolmid the potential presence ol'cnvironmental risk needs to be ~iii~iimizcd.Tliese ob-jectives will be filltilled based on three following measures: Prevention of cnviron~nental pollution and risk: Technical solutions to control ~~ollulionand waste treatment: Envil.on~nentalmanagement and monitoring. Based o~ithe c~iviro~i~iic~itnl.'impacts evaluated in Chapter 6, tlie mitigation Iiieasures will be proposed properly in lliis cliaptcr . 7.2. Mitigation measures for negative impacts 7.2.1. Pre corrstrrrctiorr stcrge Resettlement plan will develop vario~rs options of compensation and loss assistance for PAI-Is. Rescttle~iienti\ applied for PAHs wliose land a~idlorresidential place is pernia~ientlyacquisitcd but lalid ow~iersliipcan be vcriiied ciearly. Construction of tlie resettlement area is lo be completed before site clearance. Adoption of Mitigation measures will be as follows: Communication and propaganda; Compensation policj; Preparation of tlie Resettlement area: Incorne Recovery Program 7.2.2. Mitigcrtiorr rtretr.srrre,s drrrirrg corrstrirctiorr Construction and ~iialerialtra~isportalion will be esecutcd using "section by section" method: Take li~ll advantage of local labor i'orcc: Setting up mobile toilets along tlic construction site; Cooperate witli traffic police ofticcrs.to i~nplementtraffic accommodation and minimize traffic jam a~idincrease safety: Cooperate bvitli tlie Urban Constrilction Company to collect solid waste wid waste water generated ti-om workcr's camps and toilets; Contracto~shall to set LIP effective safety and ivarni~ig Incasures: liglir. barriers. warning board elc: Wliile planning alter~iateroutes care should be talcen to ~iiini~iiizeinipacts at sciisitive locations such as schools or markets, etc Waste odour a~iddust is tlic main polluted cle~ne~itpotentially occur~.i~igat high level during construction. Tlic pollution source stems from emission of engines of construction equipment and vehicles. Tlie fbll6wing mitigation Ineasures are applied: VIE I'NAM IlK1312N IJ1'(; RAtIIlUG PROJf3Cr!' - ('A1\17'110 SLIL3-PR0.IEC.T Component 2, pl~asc2 Environmcnl:rl Im~irctsAssesslncnt (FA) -- Executive Serrltnir~.y -pp -- .. - -- -. - I'rinciples sllall be established for the area of camps, ~.cquiringthe contractor to comply with the general hygiene maintcnancc. empty rubbish in dctincd location and transport to the local landfill. During constluctio~istage. tlie environlnental impacts rclating to exhausted air, dust from road as well as tlie opcration of trucks should be mitigated as Follows: Gravel and sand sliall be kept sufficiently wet during transportation and transporting vcliicles sliall be be appropriately coverccl: Temporary acccss roads, filling areas sliall be watered ill tlie dry weather, 4-5 timeslciay: Alumin~~mor plastic plates sliall be i~scdfi)s rounding tlie material storing places (soil, sand, rock, gravel, etc); Cleaning stations sliall be establisllccl to remove sludge l'rom vehicles' wliecls bckre leaving {.lie construction site: ('ontractors slinuld provide adccli~atelynoisc and dust prevention cquipmcnt and lielmcts to their workcss. Quality f'or tlic equip~ne~ltmust be appropriate; A first-aid kid shall be prcparcd to givc emergency aid to tlic i~i.jured worker immediately: In the residential areas, contractors should builcl cnncretc or alurnini~~n.~barrierswitli tlic minimum height of 2m surrounding tlie construction site to rcducc impacts ol'noisc and dust. Contractor should pay attention to management and supervision OF this task: Establish sanitation teams at tlie construction sitcs to reduce daily accidental spills OF solid waste and construction materials: Establish soil digging, filling ancl transportation plans, choose the appsopriatc t~xnsportation lines as well as transportation vehicles: Divide tlie road I'or tlic soil transportation. scrluire. tlic operating time OF tlie vcliicles and concentrate on reducing tlie dust pollution to tlie roi~tcsby watering them twicc per day in the dry weather: Macliincs generating intensive noise and vibration should orily operate during daytimc. Contractor sI~oLII~Iminimize the activities From 23pm to 5a1n at construction sites ncas the residential arcas. The night ti~neactivities Ihr spceding i~pproject's progress slial l I-eq11il.eper~nissioll Srom local authority. Contractors have to build noise and dust prcvcntio~lplates for tlie sensitive areas such as scliools, hospitals. licaltli stations. residential arcas. The dampers of machines s11ouId be maintained fi-cque~itly. 111 order to mi~iimi~cimpacts from domestic waste during the construction stage, tlie following implcnlentations are suggcsted: Canteens should not be allowed ill tlie construction areas. 'l'lius, tlie domcstic solid waste and waste water will be decreased; Do~nesticsolid waste in the pl.o.ject areas sllould be collected 111151 stored in appropriate trash bins. Contractors should havc agrcenlcnts with tlie local cornpanic\ to collcct and rclnove tlie waste daily; Each construction arca oftlie project sllould be equipped with tcn bins of 100 litres: Solid domestic wastc nu st not be burrled anel disposcd at tlie arca. A lot of solid na\te 4~1~11as discarded iron, steel, wood, cri~slicdbrick, pacl\i~ig,bottle. etc, which will be generated during tlic constn~ction.may cause ciifticulties in moving ancl lack of safcty. In orcler to rcducc the impacts, tlic fhllowing solutions will be applied: Minimize prospectivc wastc during construction by carcfi~llycalculating material. educating a~~dreminding workers of saving and closcly managing and ~iio!iitoringtllc environment; Inert and non-toxic waste sucli as brohen bricks. rcdundant soil. sand [nay be utilizcd for ground tilling; Recyclable or rcusable waste such as ccmcnt packagcs, bottlcs. redunda~ltstccl picccs. etc will bc collected. sorted and transported to tlie lu~idlill. bV(l.~lOOil /lo//lll;ol/c~o/111-0/ 111 order to mi~li~nizenegat~ve in~pacts due to ~/:isteoil during const~.uction,the pro-ject takes several Ineastires as fbllows: Minin~i~ethe repairing of cars. machines at the pro-ject area. 'The ~nainte~la~lce arca will be arrangcd tcniporarily and has tlie oil collection system during ~naintcnanceprocess; Discasded oil in tl~epro-jcct arca is collected in appropriate tanks and not buricd tllcre; 'rlic projcct area cluri~igco~istruction will be cquippcd witli a tank containing wastc oil witli tlic capacity of 100 littcss cacli unit. In tlic Framcwol-h. to 'maintain tlic surface watcr quality and not to affect groundwater quality. tlie project will co~lcentrateon the ~iii~limizationol'negative impacts fro111the two Followi~igactivities: - For the road constructiori activities: Preve~itingwaste water generated by construction activitics from discllarging directly to ,llatural tlows; Toxic materials sucli as oil products will bc located as fas as 100 7.I Ila~lglong Infrastruclure Develop~nelltJSC.(Infra-Thanglong) 17 VII:.I'NAM I JKI3AN IJI' - Embankme~itconstruction: Tlirough the contract and s~~pcrvisiol~activities, tlie pro-ject owncr will requcst tlic contractol to tala adccluate const~.uctionIiieasurcs; 'The equipment d~~mpingand installing station will bc arranged t'a~fi-om the flows to avoid tlie leakage of oil products penetrating into tlie water sourcc: Temporary drainage system around tlie construction arca will be lbrmed to prevcnt flooding in a heavy rain cnusing tlie spill of wastc into tlie pro-ject area and then illto tlie Ilow; Gasoline. lubricant and otlicr tile1 used for equipment will be stored carefi~llyto avoid tlic spill or loss in actions, at once require safe; Most of fi~clspilling accidents shall be treatcd immediately by collecting; soil infcctcd will1 oil will be removed from tlie pro-ject area to the appropriate location undcr tlie direction of Construction Sul?ervision Consultanl according to tlie agree~iielitwith tlie local authority: Gcneric Mitigation Iiieasilre for excavated sediment Tlic total excavated sediment is about 12,000 d and is distributed largcly in three distinguished co~itractualpackagcs (iii four construction sitcs). The sediment does not contain toxic substances such as heavy ~iictaland redundant pesticide. It has tlie high content of organic substance and can be used for tilling or IB1.11iing.l4owever. during tlie transporting and discliarging process some requirements are needcd as follows: Tlic sediment disposal site is far from surface water sources and I-esidential areas (at least 100m): lJse constn~ctionwaste as wcll as i~npollutcdmaterial lor devcloping basement of tlie disposal sites; At excavated canals, if not having enough space, barges can be ilsed on tlie canal to temporarily dry sludge. Tlic method was applied for sludge excavation of Xang Tlioi Lalte in I'llase 1; Avoid tlic spill of sediment to 1.11~surrounding water c~ivirc)n~lie~it,especially no transportation of \vet sludgc: The direct transpcjlting soutcs by river can be considered. Howevcr, the ~nctl-~odhas solne disadvantages since possible lcakagc ol' sludgc on transportation from construction site to disposal places can occur; Fequcntly clean spills of sludge and soil 011 I.outes. According to various similar ~?ro.jccts'esperic~icc. tlic contractor should have a contract with a local IJrban Construction Company. Morcovcr. contractors can liirc local cleaning teams or cven residents to do tlie assignment daily in tlie areas near tlie residc~itialarea. It will both increase tlie elfcct in tlie daily sanitation and ~.cduce com~ii~~~iity's pressure. - 'I'lic requirements for disposal site, routes and respective cost will be included in the contracts. Contractors will commcnce {lie work only when having adequate rclevant pcr~iiissioiis. - ,>1 lie toxic co~nponentof'cxcavated sludgeiscdime~itshould be monitored during tlic tirst s~cpof construction stage in order to divide it into separated layers bascd on potential threat of ~jollutionto the sur~~oundingenvironment. It will help to tind tlie most suitable \lay li)r trcati~igsludge. For example, tlie tirst layers rich in organic matters should be collccrcd and te~iiporarilytreated before dumping. This kind of sludge should be used as fertilizer but not as materials for land tilling. In case suitable disposal sites can not be found. tlic Tan Long landfill sliall bc taken into consideration. 'ran Lo~igIandlill. under management of tlie LIrban Constrt~ctionCompany, is located about 21 km far from Can Tho City ccnter. Sludge excavation plan (including location of disposal sitc, tl-anspo~?i~ig routes. excavation mctliod. etc.) after defiled is subject to tlic pc1.111issionof tlic local autlioriry and tlic appraisal of Dcpartmcnt of Envi1.0111nentand Natural Resources. 'fliose milst meet tlie requirements of the World Bank's Safeguards Policies. Specific ~nitigatio~inieasurcs for sludge handling and transportation .T'lic total dredgcd sludge is about 600111' and shall be transported to standard landf?ll. Parallcl to adopted mitigation Iiieasure for cxcavated sediment Inanagemcnt, tlie specific mitigation mcasurc applicd for sludge management is provided in table 7.2 bclow: Table 7.2: Summary of mitigation measure for sludge handling and transportation - 7 I lianglo~igInfrast~.ucture Development .ISC.(Infra-Th:~nglong) 18 VINMAN IIAIIN l~'l - AN0 I-llO.ll'1 Co~rrponeot2, ph:~sc2 I~nvironmrntalIm ljarts Assessmeot (EA) - Exccutivc Sun~~rlary Mitigation measure Wet melliod andle sludge directly I - Regularly check wate~tiglitof tank - Dry melliod , - isolate cxcavaled canal - Co~ltractorshall carry PMUI CMC section, pump wastewater to out by tliemsclves or downstreani of canal sign a contract witli - use Ierry for te~iiporarily UKENCO for dl-ying sludge transportation. budget - Dredged sludge can be lor tliis job shall be separated into small piles witli included in the contract the height lower 0.5m and the width lower 1111 for drying at any suitable locations. - lteep distance between households and each sludge pile at Icabt 1 Om I - clean trucks before leaving Contractor 1 PM\JICMC the site - avoid running through high Transporter PMUI CMC de~lsityresidential area or in rush hours - sprinklc water at least twice per day to reduce dust on the trnnsportatio~i road, from dredging to disposal site Treatment - laying sludge by layer Contractor shall sig~i PMUI CMCI - separate Icacllate fi.0111 contract with landfill DONRE dredged sludge and pre-treat management agency for bv Ii111c disposal of dredged sludge. Budget for tliis .job sllall bc included in the construction contract. Landii II mana g ement agency has responsibilities in management of sludge trealment In spite of various positive i~iipactsgained ii.0111 the pro-ject, there arc still some negative impacts during operatio11 pl~as:; such as air pollution. sludge disposal generated li.om process of sludge excavation. As evalr~ated.most of those impacts are minor, short-term and mitigable. The follo\vings are several signilicant mitigation measures: - Organize sanitation teains who are responsible for street cleaning, sludge excavation in order to avoid ri~bbisliandlor solid waste blocked in drainage system, and ensuring 1he speeci of water tlow: - Rcsidcnts are required to implement partial treatment with septic tank prior to discharging wastcwilter into the drainage :;ystc~ii; - Keg~~larlydredge scwers and drains to avoid slagnancy and overtlow of surface water; Tlianglong Inl'~~astructurcDevelopment .lSC.(Infra-Tllanglong) I9 - Strictly control tlie qilality of wastc water discharged from production facilities locatcd surroundil~gupgraded drainage canals; - ['rcvcnt solid wastc disposal li-orn entcril~gupgraded canals through facilitating inil~roved solid wastc management: - I'ublic awareness campaigns should bc iniplemcnted in comlnunity to raisc environnlcntal . - awarcncssrand local inhabitants sliall be trained to keep environmcntal clcan: and to avoid ncgat ivc impacts on environnient; - Trces sliould bc grown- on embanli~nentsof opcn canals to reducc air pollutioli and to create bcautifill landscape. - Dcvdlop monitoring programs on surfacc water quality ovcr years prior to operation of wastc water treatment system. The nioniloring data will be considered as ley input for desigl~il~gsuitable Watcl. Trentmcnt Plat1 mecting dc~n;~~lds. - Tllcsc ~iiitigatinl~measul.cs \rill be i~nplemerltcdby tlic Urban Drainage Company and [lie Department of Environlncntal manage~nentof districtlwards ilndcr tlie Innnagenlent and monitoring of DONRE. Thc local corn~ni~niticsand Authorities will bc mobilized to participate in tl~escactivities. 7.3. Mitigation for Environmental risks During constnlction and operation period of tlie prcjcct, in ordcr to eliminate cnvironmcntal accidents, scvcral regulations SIIOLII~ be followed: Table 7.3: Emergency and action plan --No. Risk Action Responsibility I Artef;~cts fhu~lci during Contractor shall protect the sitc Contractor, construction excavation u orks and report to tlie Col~struction supervisor to coordinate Supcrvisor/PMU and local 111i~sei~~iil CLI l tilral Ilianageliic~it Contractor authority Deliver tlie objcct found to local All rcleva~~tauthorities ~~iuseu~nlcultural management authority. Detenni~~cwhether constructioli cm1 be continued 01. halted I'or fir~-tIierinvestigation Tlic Directors oftlic provincial Depaf-t~nentof Cultural and Information and local Muscu~~i shall bc responsible for tlie subscquc~~thandling of thc ob-jccts Found in accordancc with Articlc 2 1 of the Dec1.e~no. 9212002 guiding tlic Implementation oftlie Law on Cultural Iieritage &enlains 1 I'rotcct tlic sitc and rcport to Contractor local autIiority/Constructio~~ All relevant authorities SupervisorIPM U Determine wliolwlicrelliow to l'liose who arc assigned to address and proposc next actions Implement tlie imposed actions I arc colnplaints Fix tlie probleln i~nnie-t~.actor A -- 1 li-om community about possible environmental problems Take note in log book Contractor, PMU and local related to conslruction Discuss with the Employerllocal authority activities ~ Accidents due to Carry out first aid where possible Workerlpeople at tlie site explosive malerials left and transfer the victi111the contractor li.0111 war nearest hospital as soon as Contractor and local possible and if necessary authority Protect the site and place warning site I'repare incident notes -. 1 IInexploded ordinances is I'rotect the site Contractor fhund Rcl~ortto local authority and PMU Co~itractorllocalautlio~.ity Contacttliemostrelcvantlocal army base and ask Degradation ol' water Try to cut-of'f the polliltion quality of receiving water source fio~nproduction utilities, DoNRE, Nati~ralresource bodies in case of without factory and service 11nils and environme~it waste water department of Ninh Icieu system supervision programme on these and Binh Tlii~ydistricts ,. . I hanglong I~lli-astructureDevelopment .ISC.(Infra-Thanglong) 2 1 Enlit-onmental I~npactsAssess~iient (EA) - Executive Su~iim:~~y Chapter 8 - Environmental Monitoring and Reporting 8.1. Environmental M aalagement system During constructio~iphasc DoNRE and/or Department of ------Natural Resources and Binh Thuy districts Public Work Company CONSTRUCTION 1 (drainage and ACTIVITIES a t sewerage, water I '\ Community ( / Reprensattive 1 supply, power) , 8 +---, Cooperative line Table 8.1: Roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders Responsibilities The office lias the main responsibility of i~nplementationand s~~pervisionof EMP. Through ESC and CMC, PMU will supervise contractors in i~iiplcmentingmitigation measurcs during construction. PMU works closcly with tlie local authority to progress the participation of com~nunities in project preparation and implementation. PMLI lias tlie responsihility of reporting EMP implemcntation to the The World Bank and DONRE. Constructio~i Supervise the sequence and proccdure of basic construction practices and Manage~nenl proceduces, supervise technology norms and progrcss cIia11of contractors. Consultant Besides. An im portent task of CMC is to supcrvise the implemcntation of (si~pervise' environmental impact mitigation measures by contractors. construction 'I'lie work shall bc defined detailedly in tlie contract betwcen CMC and According to adaptcd EMP. tlie Contl.actor is responsible for developing EMI' for each construction site (SEMP), submiting and collecting tlie co~iimentsof relcvant partics. adjusting tlic content until approval and complying. Besides, thc contractor is required to obtain sufficiently permission licenses and ccrtilicates, (such as traffic acco~nmodation, road digging, labour safety) as stipulated in the existing regulations and laws. 1 Site E~ivi~&itandring plan and the related ------perniission licclises and cc~titicatc will be regarded as legal basis nio~iitoringand evaluation in tlie fi~ture. Local autliority l'lic local authority with adniinistr.ative I-ole in tlie area will liave and community resporisibility to arrangc ofticcrs wlio ad~ni~iistrate/followtlie activitics of tlic projcct to erisure safety and environ~ncntal protection during constri~ction. Local autlioritv will ericouragc thc co~iiriiunityinvolvement by developing corii~iiunity based ~nonitori~igsystelil and organizing tlie mo~litoririg lxoqralnme on tlie imole~iientatio~iof EMP. Tlic acthitics of tlic co~nmunity represc~~tativeand local authority will be assistcd by PMCJ's consultant unit. -- Enviro~i~~icntalEMC has specialized skills arid rich-experience in environment ~iianagclnent. Managc~iicnt Witliin tlie scope of tlie contract. EMC will st1ppo12PMU to cstnblisli and Consultarit iriiplenic~itenvirolilnent manage~iicnt(EM) system, liave rccommcridations (EMC) to ad-illst and enhance tlie capacity of stake1ioldc1-s ill EMS in constructiori phase as well as in early pilot operation phase. Tlie EMC will be ~.esporisible for ~iionitoririgEMP iriiplernentation activitics that are reported to DolXE and ['MU. DoRE has tlie resporisibility of appraise~iient and investigation cnviro~imental supervision reports subrnited by PMU. Wlicn liavi~ig probleriis, DoRL will participate in rcsearcliing and solving related problems and ~iiiriiriiizcnegative i~iipaclsarising from tlie project. Nati~ral Cliecks activities to ensure tlie environmental safety in tlie prcject areas of Resourccs and tlie districts. Cliecl< and provide rneasures ag2inst violences. Guide arid train Erivironmerit comriiunc staff responding of EM at tlic local. Departliient 01' Reports periodically to DoRE about arising environmental problerii. N i~ili Kicu ward and I3i1il1 Co~iibitiewiih related sectors, participate in research, investigation and work Thuy ward oi,t solutions for arising e~ivironmeritalprobleriis During operation phase Aitcr civil work conipletion, it will be taker1 over to stakeliolders such as Drainage Company, Urban Environ~iierit Coliipariy andlor LA. l'liese units will liave responsibilities of managcnicnt, i~nple~iieritatio~iand ~iiairitenariceas per curreut rcquircnicnts. 8.2. Environmental monitoring program En\/ironriientaI riioriitoring will bc car-ricd out during co~istructionand operation stage at four levels (i) Supervision tlie i~iiplcnicntatioriof mitigation Iiieasures; (ii) Monitoring corn~iiunity;(iii) Monitori~lg cnviron~iientnorms, and (iv) 711i~prqject perfor~iianceindicator. Environriiental riionittiring prograliiriie is carried out in 3 phases: I'rc-construction (Foundation): construction (p~.oposcdto last 3 years); exploitation (the first year alter. tlie prqject brings in operation). Table 8.2: List of overall monitoring norms of project TT Parameter 1 Pre - Construction I Construction Operation I Monitorirrg noise lever -Tlianglon.g Infrastri~cti~rcDevelopment JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) 23 L.:~~vi~.or~r~~c.nt:rl11111)arts t\sscss~~~cnt (EA) - Kscc~rtivcSUIII~I;II'\' Parameter Pre - Construction 2. Freqi~ency I time before pro-jcct =I , executio~i x 2 momentslday (normal monientslday Ilour and rush hour) (nol-ma1 hour and -- rush hour) EMC (in regularly) Managenlent Unit of EMC Contractor (if any 1 1 upgraded constr~~ction complaints) 3. Monitori~ig 6 sa~nplesin construction sitcs and 3 samples in disposal sites position (Map of proposed environmental nionitoring programme on construction sites presented in annex 8) 4. Applied. . TCVN 5949: 1998 Standard: --- .- -- .. .- - - Monitoring air I. Index PM 10, TSP, CO, PM 10, TSP. CO, Nor, PM10, TSP. 1 NOI. SO2. HC. 1 SO2. HC. ~iiicrocliniate NO,, SOz. IdC, microcli~natenorms 1 hi-annually execution x 02 momentslday (normal momentslday I 1 ~iio~iients (nor~nal hour and rush hour) (normal hour and I L Iiour and rush Iioul.) 1 3. Respo~lsihlo EMC (in regularly) I unit 1 EMC I Contractor (iEany I 11pgraded I complaints) construction 1 5. Positions 5 samples in construction sites x 2 times (nor~nalhour and rusli hour) 1 and 3 sa~nplesin disposal sites s 1 time 1 (Map of proposed environmental monitoring programme on construction sites presented in Temperature, pH. Teniperature. SS, pH. 'I'e111pe1-ature,SS, BOD, Turbidity, BOLI. COD, 'Turbidity, BOD, DO, oil, DO, oil, Coliform, Cd, COD, DO, oil, Coliform, Cd, Pb, T'b. Zn, Hg, As Coliform, Cd, Pb, Zn, Zn, 1 Ig, As Hg, As 2. Frequency 1 tinic before pro-ject Bi-annually s Bi-annilally x cxccution x 2 02 mo~nentslday (high 02 momentslday ) monientslday (high tide and low tide) (high tide and low tide) - EMC (in regularly) Management Unit of - Contractor (if any upgraded co~nplaints) construction I I Applied 1 SiaIidard 'TCVN 5942: 1995 4. Positions 5 sa~nplesin construction sites x 2 ~iiomentsldayii~vJamplCS I -+t- disposal sites I (Map of proposed environmental ~nonitoringprogl-alnme on A construction-- sites presented belows slutlge excavation and disposal Tlianglonp Infrastructure Development .lSC.(Infra-Thanglor~g) 24 VII:1 NAM IIK13AN III'CiRADING PROJECT - CANTI 10 SU13-I'R0.1EC7f Componrrt 2, pl~i~sr2 Environmental 1111pactsAsscssmcnt (EA) - Exccutivc SUIIIIII~I~V Parameter Yre - Construction ' Construction 0 eration 1 . Inde~ I pli, TOC, T-N, T-P, pH. TOC, T-N, T-P, ptl. TOC, T-N. T-I-', lUOl-, CI-, SO,,?-. Cd, NOi-, CIK. so4'-,Cd, NOi-. CI-, soJ'-, Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, As Pb, Zn, I-lg, As Pb, Zn, Hg, As both construction sitcs and disposal sites) . Management Unit OF EMC -- standard excavated sludge for disposal --- --t ' 4 saniples in construction sitcs and 3 sa~nples in disposal sites Sludge deposited in 4. l'ositio~is (Map of proposed environ~nentalmonitoring newly upgraded prograinme on construction sites presented ill drainage system figure 02) Tru~ilcinfrastl.ucti~re construction p1.9jects are carricd out using sectio~iby section melliod. c171ii~s,to ensure [lie ol?jcctive~iess, scielice, factual llilpacts during pro-ject (both positive and negative); monitoring prograliis will be ad.ji~stedto suit tlie actual work and tlie project pace. . Map of monitoring sa~iipleis attached in annex (ligurc 1.10). This could be considered as fi~ndamental input For developi~ig~iionitoring programme during project imple~iientation.In such case, construction corn~iicnce~ne~itti~ric of project is 1 year later than tlie time of EA report approval, the selected EMC sliould re-detilie tlic baseline data developed in tlie approved EA report. 1'0 assess tlie project performance indicator, after from 6months to I year in operation. tlie indicator related to tlie public health. tlood status, odour in open-channels. comments of tlie community about habitat will bc collected atid evaluated. These necessary basis establish stable programs of maintenance and operation of new upgrading construction and maximize tlie positive effects in environmental sector li-om tlic project. Chapter 9 - Caphcity building and training programme PMU Iias tlie responsibility of implem~nentingtraining programs on environ~nental ~iianageme~it. PMU and relevant units (such as Environment Monitoring Consultant and/or Training consultant) should organize t~~iningcourses to improve knowledge and experience for PMU's staffs as well as the capacity of project localities in envirolimental management and monitoring. Selected Contractor is responsible for conducting training coul-ses on Labor Safety as stipulated in tlie I-nu witli tlic adecluate participation ofworkers and engineers. Table 9.1: Braining programme on EMP implementation I r~ Y~raining', Number of Financial Content Trainees Training time implementation trainees I source units t Environmental Workers and 50 workers As stipulated in Contractors in Contractor I sanitation and 1 Engineers of I x 6 I tlie ~nwon ( cooperation with 1 safety Contractors construction L,abo~-sarety the Institute sites =300 1 (before Labor, War ~1 I 1 I persons construction I Invalids and 1 L--L I co~iimcnceme~it) Social Affnirs. 1 Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) I 1 Training I 1 Trainees Number of Tl?kining rime implementation I Financial ~ trainees I source I I I units I I I and during I 1 1 co~istri~ction time) Trailling on site E~iviro~i~iient 6 Bet'orc PMU in , PMU or environmental and Safety supervisors construction cooperation with EMC (if management specialized corn~~~cnccmentEMC stipi~latcd plan (SEMP si~pcrvisorof in contract) 1 implcme~ltation) CMC Chapter 10 - Estimated cost for environmental management plan 10.1. Estimated cost for mitigation measure implementation Tlic budget costs fijr EMP Implementation di~ringconstn~ction and operation stage is csti~natedas lbllows: Table 10.1: Estimated Costs for mitigation measure implementation Component Coveri~ig~liatcrials. disposal places, noisc and dust 200.000.000 prevention plates, rnatcrials and road sprinl Included in I~icluded in construction operatio11 and contract maintena~iceFce pac kagcs 10.2. Estimated cost for environmental monitoring prograninle Table 10.2: Estimated Costs for environmental monitoring programme m~wkental 1 Number of 1 Price (VNDI I Amount of 1 Total cost / parameter 1 index 1 sample) I Sample I.Prc-construction stage 'I'lia~iglongI~ifiastructure Development .ISC.(Infra-'rhanglong) 2 6 VII.;,I'NAM (JRI~AN( I~(;KAI)ING I'ROJECT - ('~N'1'1-10 SIJL3-['KOJL',CT Component 2, phase 2 Ellviroament:~l1rnp:li.t~ Asscsstnent (EA) - Esccotivc Sonlrnilry 1 Iloise and air quality Noise, PM 10, 800,000 (bsa~nples+ 14,400,000 TSP, CO. NOL, 3sa1nples) x 2 Sol. HC, ~nomentslday= microclimate 18 Ilorms 2 Surface water quality pH, 1,000.000 5 samples x 2 13,000,000 Temperature. ~~io~nentslday+ SS, Turbidity. 3samples = 13 BOD, COD, DO, oil, Colit'orni, Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, As - 3 Excavaled sludge pH. TOC, T-N, 1,000,000 5 samples + 3 8,000,000 quality T- P, N Oi-, C I-, samples = 8 SO,,'., Cd, Pb, samples Zn, Hg, As 11. Construction stage I Noise and air quality Noise, PM 10, 800,000 9 sa~iiplex 2 86,400,000 TSP, CO. NO!, momentslday x SOz, 1-IC, 3 years x microclimate 2tilnelyear = .- 11or1ns 108 - 2 Surt.ace watcr quality pH. 1 .000,000 (5 samples x 78,000.000 pl'e~nperature, 2momentslday SS, Turbidity, + 3 samples x BOD. COD, 1 ~noment)x 2 DO, oil, timcs/year x Coliform, Cd, 3years = 78 3 Excavated sl udgc 14,000,000 2ti1neslrnontli 111. Operation stage (will be irnplernentecl by IIONRE or relevant authorities) I Noise and air cli~ality Noise. PM 10, Based on Based on Based on include TSP. CO, NO2, actual actual actual SO2, I-IC, condition condition condition microclimate 11or111s 2 Suri'acc water quality pH, Based on Based on Based on Temperature, practical practical praclical SS, Turbidity. condition condition condition BOD, COD. DO, oil, Col iform, Cd, -- Pb, Zn, Hg, As Excavated pl-I. TOC, 'T-N, Based on Based on Based 011 sludgelsediment T-P, NO3-,CI-, practical practical practical quality . SO,,'-, Cd. Pb, condition condition condition Zn, Hg, As TOTAL- 213,800,000 10.3. Estimated cost fc~rcapacity building Thanglong Infrast~~ucturcDevelopment .lSC.(Infra-Tllanglong) VILI'NAhl IJK13AN IJI'(;liADING I'ROSECT - CAN'I'I 10 SI In-l'l Table 10.3: Estimated Costs for capacity building I I I I I Source of fund 1 Content Trainees 1 N~~i~!~~f 1 Total cost 1 Environme~ital Workers and 1 50 worlters x ' 300 x Iricluded in sanitation and safety Erigirieers of 6 construction 50,00O/person = co~istri~ctiori Contractors sitcs = 300 1 5,000.000 VND contract packages persons Training or1 site Environment and 6 supervisors 6 persons x Iricluded in environmental Saicty 1 .000.000 = Constri~ction ~iianagementpla~i specialized 6,000,000 VND hlanagerncnt (SEM t' supervisor of Consultant implerne~itation) CMC Contract Packages Total 10.4. Estimate cost for Independent Monitoring Consultant -The contract for Independent Monitoring Consultant will bc estimated to be 300,000,000 VND t'or 3 vears. At tlie end ofthc coritract time, the consultant will produce the post-EA report. 10.5. Total cost for EMP implementation Enviro~imeritnionitori~ig cost will be determined or1 tlie ~nonitoringprogram in Chapter 6 (partic~rlar mag~iitudc.rate. index) following tlie price regulated by tlie State at tl~eapplied ti~iie D~rring-.pre-costri~ct and construction phases: Content I Cost for cnvironmcntal mitigation implementation 1 installation contracts Capacitj.building 2 1.000.000 Indcpendent ~nonitoringconsultatit 300,000.000 -- GRAND TOTAL I 428.800.000 During operatio11 r~lias During operation pliasc, envirorimental moriitoring prograrnrne will be i~nplelnentedand Vir~idedby DONRE andlor other relcvarit authorities. Chapter 11 - Public consultation and disclosure Public participation This step has been irii,plemcrited in tlie tirst periods of designing phases by designing consultant iri order to: Intbsm and inlroducc to tlic project cornrnu~~itytlie objectives, the criteria and procedures 01' llie pro-jeet: Gather [lie i~itercst. idcas and concern of the conimunity about existing environmental co~iditiorisand priorit ies ii)r irpgrading Tlic tirst plrblic co~isi~ltationwas conducted in April 2008 by questionnaires (including tlic socio- cco~iomicand resettlement questions) with tlie total nu~iibcrof 653 participants in 9 prolect wards. 'I his consultation liclps to detcrminc tlie existirig envi~.o~irnentaIissues at the pro~cctarcas and tlie concern of the local co~nmunitj. The gained infosmation will help Consultant to develop the "EnvironmcntaI Data-base report" applied for EA prepasation. Consultation meetings SLep I; Alter co~npletcd.the summary unit ofilie draft EA report have sent to the People's committees and Fatherland Fronts of 9 wards in the project area to ask for opinion. l'hen the wards scnt official dispatches with contributed opinions to the pro-ject (showing in the appendix 6). Step 2: Besides. lie public consultation mcctings have been implemented. Sum~naryof executed consultation meetings Is presented in table 1 1. I.The stsucture of each meeting is as bclow: - Consultant introduces the basic design of the pso-jcct including ditch way. ditch expansion upgradation scale 2\11dthe pro.jcct's support construction. - ConsuIlanl presents Environmental impacts oftlic project, mitigat~onmeasures as well as thc I - Participants contribute their opinions, interest and ideas on tlie content of the EA reporl. - In case oClimitcd time for discussion, the participants write down their ideas in paper and scnd back to the consultant at the end ofthe meeting. Table 11.1: Summary of public co~~sultatioameetings Location GF ~umbzof No Time Date Ward Participants meeting Participants Meeting hall 1 7>lloi ~i,,h - Representatives of pro-jcct of affected households 2 81100 - AnHoa IhoiBinh 02/06/2008 6 3 - Representatives of' Non- I I I100 Ward 3 Cai Khe governmental organizations -- People's of p~ojectwards 4 All '"ghiep COIT~III ittce 5 An Phu - Representatives of pro-ject - Meeting ha1 l affected households 6 "loo- An I,~c - 03/06/2008 69 - Representatives of Non- I I I100 Xuan I-lung Loi 7 gover~~mcntalorganizatio~is Khanh Ward - of project wards 8 Hung Loi -- - ReprcsenLativcs of project 14 I100 Meeting hall af'f'ccted households 9 - 03/06/2008 An Thoi of 15 - Representatives of'Non- 161100 An Lac Wasd governmental organizations of project wards - - - - .-- .- Public disclosu~-c 'lhe World Bank, like otlie~donors, Icndcrs and govcrnmcnts around the world, has regconizccl that many planned interventions in thc past have led to undcsirablc impacts, exacerbating economic incqualitics and social - political ill-justices. As such. these agencies have, in the past few years. bcen clcveloping guidelincs to ensure that meaningful consultation occurs, whereby relevant information is provided to the stakcholdcrs and their inputs are encouraged. 'The World Bank 's guidelinc entitilccl Polic~on Ilisclo\ure 01' Information requires both pub1ic consultation and public disclosure by the project s~~u~i~~sin the preparation of an environ~ncntalassessment. - The til-st drafts of EA docume~~tswere disclosed both in Infoshop in Washington UC and in -country as required by the World Bank. - - Tlianglong Infiastructul-c Development JSC.(Infra-Tha~~glong) 20 VI IJ'lNAIL1 IJRI3AN I ll'(iRAI)INCI I'KOSECT - CAlU'I'I 10 SIJI3-l'R0.11 - l'lie lJictnamcsc version of draft EA report will be disclosed at PMU. Can Tho DONRE and related wards in Mar, 2009. l'lie final draft will be replaced after appraisal. schcdulcd at thc cnd of April, 2009. V11,71-1UAM IlKI3AN I~I'(;I~ADIN(;PII0.1EC71'- CAIU 1'1 10SIIU-l'110Sl',C1' Component 2, pl~i\se2 E~~vit.onn~ent;~lI~rr~i~cts Asscssmcnt (EIA) rrlianglo~igInfrastructure Developlnelit SSC. (11ifi.a-TIia~igLo~ig) VI EI'NAM I IIIIIAN llI'(;l PART 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT VIE I'NAM 1JR13AN IlI'(;F:/\l)li\lc;; I'KOSEC 1- - ('ANT 110 SIJI3-PKOJI'CT Component 2, pl~iasc2 Envil-onmcntal 1nlp:rcls Assess~~~c~it (EIA) Chapter 1 1.1. Background of the Project Government of ~ictnaiiiacknowledgcs Tlie World Bank's assistance in the preparation of an Urban Upgrading I'roject for poor people as an initial investment in tlie National Progmm. Cities Alliance Orgnni~ationalso assists Government of Vietnam by preparing a series of rescarclics "Strcngtlicn approach ability to inli.:~stri~cti~rcand housing for tlie urban sensitive poor comn~it~~itiesin Victnam" in order to develol? tlie National Urban Upgrading Program (NUUP). Ministry of Planning and Invest~nentrequest for The World Bank's assistallce to Victnam Urban Upgrading Projcct (VUUP) tliat aims to i~pgraclclow-income co~i~n~u~~itiesin solile cities, including Ho Chi Minli City. Iiai I'l~ong, Nam [)in11 and Can Tlio. To lriect thc Gove~.nnient'ssucli de~nand~,tlie World Bank lias committctl to linance tlie i~nple~ncntatior,of Victnaiii Urban Upgrading Progta~nin 4 typical cities. namely Nan1 Dinli. Flai I'liong, Iio Chi Minli City and Can Tlio. Tlie pro.ject is named "Vietnam urban upgratling prc?jcct-VUUI'" and divided into 4 sub-projects implemented in sucli cities. The sub-pro-jccts' main ob-jectives are to contribute tlie povet-ty-alleviation in tlie urban low-inco~iietesidential areas by improving tl~cliving and environmental conditions and step by step apply tlie participatory planning approach in urba~iiipgradatiot~ aiming to meet thc urban poor's tlclnands and living conditions. I lowcver. therc arc Inany problems during thc process of economic developmcnt, construction and itrba11 111111iagc1iic1it.part of tlie citizens are still living in tlic poor pliysical and infrastriictit~.e conditio~is.Ilnderstanping this, tlie provincial and municipal authorities try tlicir best witli difli-~.ent mctliods to i~nprovctlic i~rba~ipoor's living conditions through programs and projects tliat reccivc thc 17ositice and cl'fcctivc assistance from international dcvclopriicnt cooperation agencies and organizations. l'lie basic rcason for [!sing tlic grant of tlie World Bank in Can Tlio Urban bpgrading Pro-ject is tlic lack of local invcstmcnt resources. Tlie niobilization of internal resources for basic construction invcstment in the City scelns to bc extremely clifticult. I lence, tlic provincial and city autlioritics arc exccssivcly intercstccl ill tlie attraction and use of ODA fillids lor tlie City's infiastructurc syste~nfrom bilateral and multilateral international donors. 'She World Bank. with tlic target of "tlie world without poverty". is always interested in Iinancil~gIlic povcrty-allcviatio~lprqjects all over tlie world, including those in Viet~ianisucli as Rural Povcrty- Alleviation Program. Rural 'Traffic Road Program. Urban Water Supply Programs. Urban Water Supply and E~~vit.onmcntallIygirnc I'rogra~ii, etc. Tlie World Bank lias approved to be an expericncetl ancl effcctivc donor which is highly appreciated by the GoV. Thus. it is at1 advantage when tlic World Bank co~ll~nitsto linance tlic project from preparation to Iatcr implementation stages to ensurc tlic pl-qject's success. because of not only reliable investment rcsource but also positivc assista~~celiom tlie World Bank in rclatcd areas sucli as institutio~iali~i~iovatio~i or capacity building. llie I'rc-feasibility Sti~clyReport of Can 17ho urban upgrading sub-project was adopted by Prime Ministcr of Victnam OII Oflicial Ixttcr No 729lCP-CN dated 30 May, 2003. On tliis basis, sub- prc?jccts' components in each phase will be approved by tlic People's Committee of Cali Tlio city. According to tlie Prc-I:S, tlie project includes 4 main components: (I) Tertiary lnfrast~.ucturc Upgrading: (2) I'ri~naryand Secondary I~~ii.astructi~reIlpgrading; (3) I-lousing to tlic poor: (4) I-louse- I,and Ow~~crshipSal'eguard. 7'llese four ~naincomponents have a lot of rclatcd sub-co~npo~~cnts.As Bal~k'sloall is chat-actcrizcd by both granting and loaning ~ncclianisms.durilig the wrap-up mceting on 9"' May. 2003 it1 Nay Di~ilichaired by the World Bank and MoPI. it is agreed thilt tlie project com~xxesof 6 main components: ( I) 'Scrtiaty 1nlj.astructu1.c Upgrading. (2) Primary and Secondary 'l'hanglong Infiast!-ucturc Devclop~ncntJSC. (Infra-ThangLolig) Cliaptcr I - 1 VIETINAM IJR13AN III'(;RAUING PROSEC"1 - CAIU rl 10 SIJI3-I'ROSECT Componcl~t2, plltlsc 2 Envil.onn~cntal1111p;rc.t~ Asscssmct~t (EIA) Infiastr~lctnreIlpgrnding: (3) I-Iousing for poor pcoplc; (4) tlonse-Lalid Owncrsliip Safeguard; (5) Revolving Fu~idsfor house upgrading: (6) Capacity Building. Ilie Sclic~iicfor Can 'flio C'ity's i~iiprovementand Developmc~itto 2010 prepared by tlie MoC's Institute of Rcscarch. Planning and Design in 1993 was adopted by Prime Minister of Victnnrn in [Iecision No. 60017'1'9 dated 12 Dcce~nber1993. 'l7ie City needs to provide huge investments for construction and improvcmcnt of its infrastructure system. I lowever, tlie city meets lots of diFticulties ill invcstlnent resources. Hcnce. witli the World Banlc's loans, tlie city lias a grcat opportunity to invest in upgrading tl~ci~ifrastructure system in line witli tlic sct directions. 'l'lie pro-ject plays an imporlant rolc in tlic C'ity's wcio-economic dcvelopment plan bccause oftlie following reasons: - 111 planning aspcct, tlic appropriate and gcncral-plari tracking p~,o.ject lias bccn prepared and app~.(ivcdl'lic pro-jcct lias realized tlie planning sclierncs directly and co~icrctcly.'l'lie ~xc?jcctco~itributes to s~rpplcmentand co~iipletionof tlic planning sclie~iies.Tlic p~.o.jcct also p~-ovidcsan iriipu~-ta~itcontributiori illto urban planning and management. - In ecclnoyic dcvelopment aspect. tlie project contributes to i~iiprovingtlic living col~ditioriot'tlic urban poor. in pal-ticular and urban residents. in general. Ihe prqjcct also contributcs to crcating Illore job oppo~-tunitics and better incomes for residents: it contributcs to attracting more investments for tlic city. - In social aspcct. tlie projcct contributes to stabili~i~igtlie society order, enabling tlic poor to cli.\oy social welfares as education. licaltli-carc, ctc. 1.1.1. Scope of project Tlic Pro-jcct i~icludcstlie six colnponelits as follows: Componcn t I : Tertiary Irifiastructure Upgradi~ig Coml,onent 2: P~.imaryand Secondary lnfrast~.ucturc Component 3: Resettle~nentHousing Coml~onent4: [,and and Housing Management Com~~onent5: 1 lousing I~nprovemcntLoan Program~iie ~om~~oncht6: Capacity Building Can Tho Sub-project is divided into 2 pliase: Pltcts~~f: i~icludcsAn Cu and An f loi wards Plttrsc. 2: ilicludes Xuan Klia~ih,An f-loa, An Pliu, Cai Klle, An Lac. An Ngliiep, I-lung I,oi, 'l'lioi 13inli. An Tlioi, Birili Thuy, Tra Noc Wards 1.1.2. Principles of the Sub-project Upgraded inlinstnlclure ai~iisto satisfy tlic corii~iiunity's immediate requirements, facilitatc tlie sustainable dc~elop~iicritIbr tlie fi~ture and raise tlie comm~~nity'sawareness during tlie prc?iect l~roccsss,especially environriicntal protection and legal compliance during coust~.uction. ~l'lius,tllc principles ol'the prqject are: Public participation; Relocation arid resettlement mitigation: Multi-sectoral participation: Scale of investlncnts depends on tlie stakeholders' contributio~is: Replicate Ixst praeticcs and cxpericnce learnt from similar projects; Tcclinical 'standards appropriate to the community's dcmand and at'fordability; l'lianglo~igI~il'rast~~ucti!;-e Development JSC. (Infra-7'Iiangl,orig) Chapter 1 - 2 V11;l NAIL1 IIKI3AN I II'(;RAL>IT\J(; I'ROSEC'T - C'AN'I'I 10 SII13-PROSECI Compo~le~ll2, pll:~sc 2 E~lviron~~~cnl:~lInll,ac,ts Asscssmerlt (EIA) Tile ('ity's and Area's Master Plans should be taLcn into account; I'rimary and secondary infrastructure is surveyed and connected to tlie tertiary infr;~stri~cture: 'flie sbrviccs needing residents' contribution deti~ied; Tlie i~iiplc~ncntationof works should follow tlie World Bank's and Vietnamese procedures; Llpgr;~dcd infi.astructure ~ileetsboth irii~nediaterequirements and require~iientsfor fi11-tl1cr dcvclop~ncnt: I'ublic awareness raised during the prqjcct process, cspccially in environmental protection. 1.1.3. The project's feasibility 'I'lie feasibility of technical solutions - I~ifi-astruc:ure system is completely upgraded to avoid overlapped construction and waste in i~ivcst~iic~itresources. - Tlie selected upgrading standards liieet tlie speeificatioli of building investment in alrcadc-developed areas with a higli density of rcsidc~its. - l'lic sclected options for culvcrt, traft'ic road structures allow simplc const~.i~ctionand liicalis applicd fbr tertiary infrastructurc in tlic narrow residential areas, on one hand and still clisure advanced structures and tecli~iicalsolutions applied for primary and secondary infinstructi~rc.on tlie other Iiand; Tlic feasibility of investment resource - Most ol'Ilic costs for civil work is allocateci by tile i'enlral Budget fro111tlie World Bank's loan. Tliih is a st;~hleFinancial rcsoirrce co~nmittcdby the World Bank - I'rovincial budgct accounts ibr a sn~allpart of costs for civil work and other basic design. including co~npcnsationfor land clearance as a mqjor ratio. l'liis assign~iie~it.rclated to Component 2, Pliasc 2 of Can Tho sub-project, to prepare the Enviro~i~nentalImpacts Assessment (EIA) Report and Environment Management Plan (EMP) for llie Package DI'2 "Preparation of investment project, basic and detailed design, tender documents for primary aricl secondary infrastructure". 'I'lie priniary and secondary infiastructu~.ewill co~i~icct witli tcrtiary i~ifiactructurein tlie following 9 wards in Can l'lio: An I-loa. An Pliu, An Lac. Xu~ui I 1.2. Objectives and scope of work and applied methods of KIA Consultant 1.2.1. Objectives 'l'lic ob.jective is to prcpare tlie EIA & EMP report for Trunk Infrastri~cturc(Co~nponent 2) - pliasc 2. accordi~igto I3SF (E~iviro~i~nentaland Social Safeguards Framework) previously drawn in Pliasc I, and data collected by FS and Technical designs Consultants and such offered Environmental Baseline Ilata Alialysis Repol-t. 1.2.2. Scope of work Scope of work ol'CnnsuItant preparing EIA Report a~idEMP Tlianglong Infiastructurc Devclopme~itJSC. (Infra-TIiangLong) Chapter 1 - 3 VI 1: I'NAM 111<13AN I Jl'(iRADIN(; l'RO.IEC1' - C'i\NI'I I0 SIJI3-1'RO.ICC' T Component 2, pll:lsc 2 151n it-ol~o~enti~lIt110:1cts Asscss~i~c~~t(KIA) Assess environnlcntal b:~selineclata a~~i~lysisreports atld propose addition:ll clata that need to he collected by FS Consultant Guidc FS Consultants about cnvironmental data collection. EIA Consultant \\ill rchicw and asscss E~ivir~liliic~ltalUascli~le Data Analysis report, prcpared by 13 Consultant so as to ellsure that tlie final report will liicct the professional requirement for EA preparation Il'riecessary, guide FS Corisultants how to collect additional data in the ~noslsuitablc way.. Task 2: Detail El4 for Construction of Trunk lnfrastrl~ctureof Component 2-Phase 2 Fl'liis task \vill be li~ltillcdbased on the data collected and analyzed by the FS Colisultants. '1-he invested coniponents of Trunlc infrastructu~.es,Phasc 2 include: - Draiuage and sewcrage : newly build, replace and i~nprovethc combined drainage systcm (if ~~ossiblc);~lpgradc open canals including bank-sidc access roads, canal crossings and park: - Local roads and secondary access bridges and roads; Task 3: Public Consultation and Disclosure Consultants should ar\i\t tlie PMUs in carrying out consultation with thc projcct affccted peoplc and facilitate Intcr-Agcnc>'Coordination and Publiclnon-governliie~~torganization participation as requ~recl by tlic OP 4.01. As\i\tance should bc providcd to PWIUs in coordinating the environmental assessnient witli other goverli~iiclitagelicies, in obtaining tlie opinions of local NGO's and affected groups, and in kccp~ngrecord\ ol' meetings and other activities. communications, and co~nrne~~tsand their d ispo\ition. l ecd hach .'and comments from tlie pi1bl ic consultation process sliould be recol.ded and rcllected in tlic t,IAs and later on be ilicorporated in the linal engineering design. 1.2.3. The ~netllodsapplied in EIA preparation process. The listcd-bclow ~nctl~odswcrc applied during process of EIA preparation: Environmrntal di~talisting According to this merhod, F,IA spccialist analyses devclop~nentactivities. selccts a paranictcr which relatcs to tlic cnvironment. lists and gives data rclatcd to those parameters. It is a si~nplc.i~scfi~l mctliod but tlie inihr~nationis not sufficient. Data are mainly based on available sources. I lowcvcr. this Inensure is very essential, and it will provide overview sccnery and oricntatc tlie ficld survcy and asscss~nentlater. Cllecklist of environniental factors Add~xssingone catalog of all tlie environlncnt factors rclatcd to the development activities and thcn riiaki~iga tinal coliclusion based on workgroup discussio~i. This ~iietliodlicll)s 10 clarify diffkrerlt ilnpact lcvels of each dcvelop~ncntactivities or project toward noturnl. social ancl cnvironniental factors. l'lie checklist is vcly obvior~sand clear for tlie EIA specialist to ~iiahedecision casil?. Tlie envirhnmental impact matrix 'l'lie cnviron~nentniatrix l~ietlioclcombines listing dcvelop~~ieritactivities and that of environmental Ihctor..; wliicli call be ilnpactctl into one matrix. llic activilics arc listed on tlie column; the cnvironmental hctors are listed on the rob+ o~ vice-velya. This ~iictlioclperniits to see tlic rclationsliip betweell the causc and tlic cffect of various impacts in tlie same way a~iclat llic same timc. Tlianglong I~ifrastructurcDevelopment JSC. (Infra-TliangLong) Chapter I - 4 VIE'I'NAM tIRI3AN III'GRALIINC; I'RO.IEC1'- CAN.1'110 SU13-PR0.113CI' Component 2, ~~h;lse2 li,rvi~~onment;ll11110;lcts i-\ssessment (EIA) Tlie ~iiatrixmethod is relatively simplc and widely uscd. It does not require so much data on tlie environment. ecology and allows user to analyze explicitly tlie impact of diferent activities on eilch factor. However. tliis meiliod also has main weahncsses. For example. it is not considered ~nutualeffcct among these impacts: Is not rcgarded thc variation following time: can not clarify long-term and short- tcr~iibehavior: l'liu iliiportance of enviro~inientalfactors is evaluated quite subjectively. Public consultation This ~nctliodwill mobili~etlie participation of rcsidential pcople into analyzing issues, contlict existcd in pt~blic. 'l'lic advantagc of this method is that it could collect much local information which helps to increasc tlie contidcnce of tlie assessment. In addition. the responsibility of the prqiect owner will be inip~.ovcd considerably tl~ro~~glioi~tt11c p~~blic c~ns~~ltation process. Tlie disadvantage oi'tliis mcthod is that it is likely to crcate confi~sionin tlic public's mind who are afectcd by the project. At the same time, EIA preparation process will be threatencd by informa t' ~ve error generated from tlie comn~unityas they are limrlc3 in awarcllcss and knowlcdgc and by delay in thc project schedule. Field sulrey Social-economic inlormation is collected tliro~~gl~SLIrveys 011 tlie project areas. This method nccds Lo be cxccutcd before i~nplc~nentingthe project. Tlie detail lcvcl of investigated data dcpends on llic n~~mbcrof p~.o.jcct afl'ccted pcoplc and the magnitude of impacts. *l'lic information and data collected by this method are often highly reliable, accurate and are the essential documcnts and data source for EIA preparation. IHowcvcr, contacting witli and presenting the project to Ihe Puoplc's Committees and Fatherland Fronts ofien face up with many difticulties and requirc grcat cl'torts Il-om EIA team. Monitoring Environnlental parameters - Sanipling:,watc~*.air, sedime~it - Mo~iitori~igon lield: microclimate, noise. l'lic monitori~ig~iiethod is esccuted bascd on current reg~~lationsof Vict Nam. These collected data are Iiiglily rcliablc. 'I'hanglong Infrastruct~~reDevelopment JSC. (Infia-'Thangl,ong) Chapter 1 - 5 VIt; I.NAM IJRIJhN I ~l' Chapter 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 2.1. Vietnamese Government Requirement - Law on Envi,ron~nental Protection approved by the Vietnamese National Assembly on November 20, 2005 and became effective as of J illy I, 2006. - Law on Customs 2001 approved by the Vietna~neseNational Assembly on June 29, 2001 and became effective as of January 1 2002. - I,aw on Protection of People's Wealth approved by the Vietnamese National Assembly on June 30, 1980 and became effective as of July I I, 1989. - Decrcc No. 2012008lND-Cl' daled February 28, 2008 amending and adding to Decrce No. 8012006lNU-CI' dated August 9, 2006 of tlie Govermiient providing detailed regulatio~isfor implementation of tlie law on environmental protection. - Decrcc No. 174/2007/ND-CP dated Novemvcr 29. 2007 on environmental protection charges payahlc for solid waste water. - Decrce No. 04-2007-ND-CP oftlie Government dated Januarj 29. 2007 amending and aclcling to decree 67-2003-ND-CP of tlie government dated 13 June 2003 on environmental proteeti011 charges payablc for waste watcr. - Decree No.8 1/2007/ND-CP dated May 23, 2007 on organization of environmental protection division in govcrn~ncntagencies and enterprises. - Decrcc No. 140I2006lN D-CP dated November 22, 2006 on environ~nental protection in pliascs of establislinient, assess~nent,approval and implementation of strategics, pro.jccts. plans, progran:s and development prqjccts. - Decree No. 8012006lND-CP dated August 9, 2006 of tlie Government providing detailed regulations li)r i~iiplc~iic~~tatio~ioi'the law on environmental protection. - Dccrce No. 8.1120061ND-CP of tlie Governnie~itdatcd August 9. 2006 on administrative penalty in environmental protection area. - Decrcc No. 14012004lND-CP dated July 27, 2004 on issuing permits for exploitation of water sourcc and discliargc of waste watcr into water source. - Decrce No. 67-2003-ND-CP dated June 13, 2003 of the Government on Environmental Protection Charges Payable for Waste Water. - Cil-cular No. I0/2007/'r'l'-UTNM'r dated Ociobcr 22. 2007 guiding on ensuring quality and controlling quality in Iiicnsurc cl~vironment. - Circular No. 07/2007/1'1'-U'TNMT dated July 3, 2007 guiding classification and identification of a list ol'enviro~i~iie~italpollution causes need to be treated. - Circular No. 0512008lTT'-BTNMT datcd December 8, 2008, guiding strategic environmental asscssnlcnt. cnvironniental inipact assessment and environ~iientalprotection commitment. - Circ~tIarNo. 021200517'T-BTNMT dated June 24, 2005 guiding implcmentalion of Decrce No. 14012004lN tl-CP datcd July 27, 2004 of the Government in phases of issuing permits liw e~ploratic~n.cxploitatio~i of water source and discharge of waste watcr into water sourcc. - Decision No. 10/20071Qf) dated November 26, 2007 on Condition and Service Assessment Aclivit) ii)r I;~ivironmentalImpact Assessment Report. Tha~iglonpInfr~~strucl~~rc I>evelopment JSC. (Infi-a-TIiang1,ong) Chapter 2 - I VII, I'NAM IJI - Decision No. 18/2007/QD-BTNMT daled Nove~iiber5. 2007 on Criteria Statistic System of Resources and I~rivironnicnt. - Dccisio~iNo.23/2006lQfl-BTNMT dated Dccc~iiber26, 2006 on L,ist of Hazadous Watse. - Decisiori No.59I2006IQD-BTC datcd Octobcr 25, 2006 on Regi~lationfor payliient. colleclion, ~nanagcriicnl and i~si~igassessment kes; Fccs for. cxploiling. cxplorating and usi~igwater rcsourcc licelisc: di\cl~ar>:c\baste watcr into water source and iniplcment drilling work. - I>ecisiori No.223/2006/QD-T7'g datcd October 18, 2006 on approving the National Prograrii 01' Proleclioli - Safely - Sanitary at work up to 20 10. - Decisiori No. 22l20061QD-BTNNIT daled Dece~iibcr 18. 2006 on lorcing to implcmcnt Victliam crileria of Environ~nent. - Dccisiori No. 13/2006lQD-BTNMI' dated Scpte~iibcr8, 2006 on Organising and Operating Regulatio~is of Asscss~iient Council lor Environ~ncntd Strategy Asscss~ncnt Kcporl I E~iviro~i~iicritallriipact Asscssriie~ilRepol-t. - Decisiori No. 328120051 QD-TTg dated Dcccriibcr 12, 2005 on approving tlie National Plan of' Environ~iicntalPollutiori Control up to 20 10. - Decisiori No. 35/2002/QD-UKHCNMT datcd June 25, 2002 proniulgatirig a list of Viclria~ri criteria li~rccdlo be ilnple~iicnted. 2.2. World Bank Safeguard Policies Tliariglorig Infrastrirctuc~cDcvclop~ncnt JSC. (Inf.i~-ThangLo~ig) Chapter 2 - 2 Chapter 3 3.1. Name of project - Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project - Can Tho sub-project 3.2. Project Owner - Prqjcct investor: People's Committee of Ca~~tl~ocity - Reprcsc~~tativeof investor: Can Tho Urban Upgrading Project Management Unit establishecl through the Decision No 662lQD-UB clatecl 30April,2004 by the People's Comniittee of Can Tho city. - FS ('onsultant of Component 2, phase 2: Pacific Consultants International Asia Co, in corporation with VICA Co and SaigonWcico Co. - EIA Consultant: 'rhang Long infrastructure clevelopment JSC (Infra-Tl~anglong) Hcaclquart'e~-:Suite 100 1. Building 10 1 L.ang Ha, L,ang Ha Street. Dong Da District, Hanoi Tel: +84 - (0)d - 562 47 091562 47 10 Fax: 1-84 - (0)4 - 562 47 1 1 Email: 1nfoirr)lnfra-'I'L.con~;lnfra-TLk~Ii11.vnn.vn 3.3. Proposed project's areas description of Component 2 - Phase 2 Consultant carried out the tield survey on project areas with tlie aim to assist the assess~nenton current situation n~~dto dctcct tlie maill limits relating to tlie desig~iof proposed constructions. Overall prcject area could be divided into 4 liiain zones (refer to figure 3.1 ): Zone 1: culvert linc in Nguyen Van Cu road, Cacli Mang Tliang Tam road (CMTS), and part of opcn canal along Lane No.300 (CMTS); Zone 2: ('a11 Cliua open canal (tlic 1irs1 and second branches). Son canal and part 01' Cai Klic canal Zone 3: Ban opcn canal line (tlie first and second branches) and 'rham Tuong canal, Lalie 7213 (N~LICCI~Tlii Minli Kliai road) Zonc 4: ('ail Kill11 open canal. Thanglong Infr-astructure Development JSC.(Inli.a-TIiangLong) Chapter 3 - 3 VIETNAM 111<13AN IlI'(;RAIIINC; I'KO.IfX"f - C'AN'I'I 10 SIJI3-f'K0.11C7' Compoacnt 2, pllasc 2 E~~vi~.onmentaIImpacts Asscss~nc~~L(1i:IA) Figure 3.1 - Location of project routes l'he current status oftlie prclposed drai:iage syslcm is described as follows: 3.3.1. Drainage system in Nguyen Van Cu Road - CMTS Road -Lane No. 300 'I'lie drainage systeni ill Ngi~yenVan Cu Road - CMT8 Road -Lane No.300 includes 3 main sections: 3.3.1.1. Ngrgierr V(rrr Crr Ro(r(1 (sectiort betweerr Mmr Tlrtrrt Rorrrl rutd CMT8 Rotrtl) Tlie section 01' Nguycn Van Cu Road betwccn Mau l'lia~i Road and CMT8 Road currcntly lias tlic width of 17m and Icngtli of' 1.500~.I low eve^.. the rood to the river bank (before reaching Mau Tlian Road) lias the widtli of 34m. According to tlic city's Master Plan, tlie city People's Committee plans to expand Nguyen Van ('11 Road up to 34m in width li-om Mau Ilia11 Road to I 3.3.2. Cau Chua, Son and Cai Khe canals Cau Cliua canal is olie of [lie liiain branches of Cai Khe canal. It begins from Tran Viet Cliau Road, I'liam Ngi~Lao Road (in An Idea ward), conveying water to the Soutlier~idirection and disc1i:uge stormwatcr/sewc~~:~gcto Cai Klic canal t'or the Eastern area of An Hoa ward. The canal is 7 15m long, li-0111 4-+23m widc a~?dits dcpth ranges from 1.5 t3.5111. At tlie elid sectio~iof tlie canal (the intcrsectioli with ('ai Klie canal), tlierc is a bridge for pcdcstrians. Both banks of tlie canal are Tlianglong 11ifrastr~1cti11.eDevelopment JSC.(lnfrn-TIiangLorig) Chapter 3 - l VINAMIN 1 'llA1lN 110'1 - \I01 J-l1.l T Coml)onenl 2, 1)h:lse 2 T:l~vi~*onlr~entill 11111)acls As~~ssnlel~t (EIA) encroached by Ilouses. So~ncpools of tlie canal liavc bccn siltcd up and stucked by solid wastc and various plankto~is,vcgctable. According to tlic Master Plan. Plianl Ngi~Lao Road will be expanded (across Cau Chua canal) to Mau 7171ianlioad. According to tlie Wastc Water Treatment Program of KtW. a new interceptor will be investcd to co~~st~.uctalo~~g tlic castern bank ol'Cair Chua canal. 3.3.2.2. Sorr Crr~rcrl Son canal is onc of the branches of Cau Clii~acanal, starting from lane#132 and discliargi~igwaste water from tlic cristcrn area of Tlioi Binli ward. It lias Icngtli 01' 275111. width of 6 + 12111 and avcrage deptli of 21n. It meets Cau Cliua canal at tlie soutlicr~iend 01' Plia~iiNgi~ Lao Road. Si~iiilarto Cau Chua canal, houses and constri~ctionsencroach 011both banhs of Son canal. Tlic waste llas tilled up in upstrcam area of tlie canal. Cai Klic canal i\ tlic ~naincanal, flowi~igthrough tlie centlnl Can 'rho city. Its drainagc system is quitc co~nplcxand ~iiainIlo\vi~ig direction is eastern before discliarging water into Cau Clli~acanal wlierc it IJOLI~S in Ilau Kive~ricar tlic intersection with Carl Tlio Kiver. Tlic canal and its brancllcs travels tlirougli many wards n1.d scrvc as tlie 111ain drainage systcm. The proposcd constructio~~sin tlic project area of Phase 2 is the sectio~ilio~ii tlie Rach Ngo~igbridge (in Mau Than Road) to Nlii Kicu bridge ( in Flung Vuong Kond and *17ra~iI4ung Dao Road). This calla1 scctio~llias widtli of 45 + 56111 and dcptli of 6 + 9111.'l'lie nortlicrn bank oftlic canal has le~igtlioi'980n1 and anotlicr bank lias le~igtliof 875111.Boat carrying goods as co~istructionniatcrials and agricultural p~.oductstravels along Cai Klie canal. Thcrc are nrany low-inco~iicliouseliolds growi~lgalong tlie southern bank of Cai Khe canal. IMany houses liavc piled a~idc~icroaclied tlie traveling. An Ngliicp markct located along tlic southern bank of Cai lihe canal lias more than 200 teniporary I~ouses,solile ol'wl~icliwere built illegally. Tlic tlow rate ol'canal is allkcted hy tlie fidc and the flow of Can Tlio and Hau liivcrs. Ho\vevcs, there arc not any scl-ious tlootls ~-ccordcdin milily ycars. 'l'lie Wastc Watcr Trcat~i~cntProgra~n of KfW proposed the pipc scwer constri~ction(tlie diamcter of 300+5001111ii)along both banks of Cai Klie canal. Now. tlic pipe scwcr and new roads being built along ca~~alsin Phase 2 is necessary and needs the share of otlicr related pro-jects of PMU. Tl~cinli.astructurc devclop~ncnton both banks of canals is o~icof tlie i~~terestcdpoints. Many houses are dc~iiolislicdand tlie residents have to rescttle in other places. As in tlic Cali l'lio city IMastcr Plan. Iloang Hoa 'I'lia~iiRoad will be built in southern banh of Cai Klic canal. 3.3.3. Ban and Tham Tuong Canal Ball and 'T'lia~ri'l~uong ca~ial system could be divided illto 3 sections: tlie tisst branch of Ban ca~ial, 'T'lia~ii'l'uo~ig calla1 and tlic scco~idbranch of Ball canal. Detail as follows: 3.3.3.1. Tlre.fir:vt hrrr~rch- Brrri crrrrrrl (frorit 3/2 Rorrrl to Mcrrr Tlrrrn Rorrtl) It includes maill 3an canal fio111 312 Road ncsoss Mau Tliar~Road to I-liam Tuong canal. rflie lirst brancli-Ran canal is considered as tlie main drainage systc~nof Xuan I 3.3.3.2. Tlre secnrrrl 1)rrrriclr- Brrri crrrtnl (front Le Lrri Rorrrl to Mrrrr Tlrrrrt Rocrrl) Tlie second brii~icli- Ball ~ii~ialis a brancli of Tliam Tuong canal. It goes tliroi~glltlie central Au Pliu ward. slarts f'rom tlie cnd of Le Lai Road. across Nguyen Viet Ho~igRoad to reach Tham Tuong canal. Tlianglong Infrastrr~cl~ircDevelop~nent JSC.(lnfra-TliangLc>~ig) Chapter 3 - 2 It has Icngtli 01' 0501n. uidth of l+lO~nand dcptli of 0.5+1.51n. Now. it is encroaclied by many constructions and 1'1111 (jfsolid waste. 3.3.3.3. Tlrtrrtt Ttrorrg ctr1rt11(fro111 Mou Tlrtrn Rorrtl to Crrrt Tlro River) l'liam Tuong canal meets tllc first branch - Ban canal in Mau Than road and bends to tlie south bdhre disclia~.gi~iginto Cali 171io River. Compare with tlie tirsl brancli - Ban canal. Tliam Tuong canal is quite large. with the widtli \)f 16-28111; the depth of 2-3m and tlie length of 740111, playing as tlic main drainage canal. flia~iiTuong canal is affected by the tide and tlie up-down water level of Can Tho River. Flood occurs an~iually(average 4 times/year). especially in n heavy rain a~idin the liigli tide time. I'hc ob.jcctive of Canal i~llprovc~ne~itrequires demolition 01' ~cveralstructul-es encroaching the tlow on boll1 banks. [Iurin:, teclinical options dcvclopmcnt process, every necessary solution is considered to mitigate tlie structure demolition and resettlement of liouscliolds. 3.3.3.4. Tlre clrrriririge svstenr iri L(rrte #72B - Ngtryeri Tlri Mirilr Klirri L>ocated in An Lac ward, tlie total Icngtli of Lane 72B (Nguyen 'Illi Minli Kliai road) is 675111. One combined drainage system will be invested in order to satisly drainage demand of areas surrounding Hospital #I 2 1 and Cacer Ilospital and to improve living condition of local people situated behind these two hospitals ;IS well as to solve traffic issue on this routes. 3.3.4. Cau Kinh Canal Cau Kinli canal starts li-om 3014 Road, goes through Hung Loi ward and discharges water directly into C'an 1'110Rivcr. 'l'lie widtli of canal is quite small, varing from Im in upstream al-ca to 17m in do\vnstrcam area. 'l'lic length of canal is 340111 and tlic deptli is 2t2.5111. k lood occurs about 4 times per year and the water lcvcl rising in Ilooding time is about 20-30111. The invested const~.uctionof Pliase 2 includes components such as banks improvement, replacement of tlie existing broken bridges and the box culvert, construction of roads, development of side\vallis and tlie light sqstcm. At present. tlicrc are many liouses and structures encroaching tlie Ilow on both banlia of the canal. 3.4. The design approach method 3.4.1 The applied design standard 'The standard is applicd for tlie basic design in Pliase 2 as follows: I,oad a~ldimpact- tlic design standard: TCVN 2737-1995: I'ilc - the &sign standards: TCXDVN 205-1098; Concl-clc and rcinlhrced concrcte structure - tlie dcsign standard: TCXDVN 356-2005; C'oncrctc and reinforced concrete structure - llic erosion prevention requirenicnts in sea cnvironnic~ltTCXDVN 324-2004 Tlic hridgc dcsign standard: 22TCN272-2005 Iligliway- tlie structural parameters: TCVN 4054-2005 C'oncrctc and reinforced concrete structu~.cin water construction: TCVN 4 1 16- 1985; Concrcte and rei~iforccdconcrete structure - t11c design standard: TCXDVN 356-2005 ('oncretc and reinforced concrete st~.ucturc- tlic crosion prevention requirements in sca environment: 'I'CXDVN 324-2004 Water S~~LIC~LII.C- thc main desig~inorm: TCVN 5060- 1990 I'lie drainage sysleni and bridge design standard: 221'CN 18-1 979 Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Ilifra-Tlianpl,o~Ig) Chapter 3 - 3 i~iiple~iie~iteclby design Consi~ltantunit so as to create a proper and comprehensive connection witli KiW ~wc?iect. Witli tlie step-by-step connection between Urban Upgrading Project with others. in near fi~ture,llie primary and secondary drainage systems will only be responsible for collecting and discharging rain water. The open canals with clean tlows will become green luiigs of city. contribute to developing Can -fho city illto a ~iiodernn~id developed a~ide~~viron~nental 1.1-iendly city. 3.5. Basic design Consulta~itill coopcratio~ibit11 ['MU and relevant stakeholders has developed tlie various technical options. co~iipa~.cdwitl,, tlic hcnefits l'ro~nsocial, e~iviron~nentalissues, regarding the financial resource to identify the final option. The details are as below: Table 3.1: Summary of work items proposed for investment 7-7 I I I ( NO. ( ~roposccl1. Work item to be investment ( Construction ( Conrpe~rsation( routes cost cost for site (mil.VND) ------Ban Di~ildi~igtrapezoidal stone eiiibanknient along 25,728.30 44.0 1 5.93 [lie existing canal; L = 462111, road (3,Sm wicle), C'anal -- pavc~ncnt (1.0m wicle) and sidewalk (1,Om I Hmocl' I wicle) on the two sidcs of tlic canal. I Ran furning into sewer ( 1.6m x 1,2111; 2.0111~1.5m) according to tlie new1 adjusted canal roi~te(L = Calla1 - 39Om + SOm): bituminous conercte road (5.0m Branch 2 \vidth); pave~nent(1 .Om wide) on the two sides of tlic road: I~istallingroad ligliting syste~ii. TI laill 13uilding trapezoidal stone embankment along 'I'i~ong tlic existing canal (L = 161 111 + 132 111); road (3.5in wicle) and pavement (1.0m wick) on the C'anal two sides; sidewalk (1.0m wide) or1 tlic two sitlcs: Installi~igroad lighting systc~ii. cautiinl1 13i1ilding co~icretee~iibank~ne~it for the existing C'anal .ope11canal (31n wide): pavement (3m wicle) on one side (eastern side); box culvert 3m s 3m, L = 1.5111 across Tali1 V11 to Can Tho river: Installing road lighting system. -- -. --- .- .. ------1 5 1 --INguyen Replacing tlie existing drain (L=I 438111) by iiew 1 6.806.85 1 0.00 / I 1 Van Cu one with diameter of 10001nm (or bigger) on tlie 1 1 I Road southern pavement ol'tlie existing road I CMT8 Replacing the existing drai~i by new one 01' 9,682.15 Road D 1000 (and over) on tlie western paveincnt ol' tlic csisti~igroad l,anc#300 1lep.lacing the existing canal (L = 514112) by 9,422.86 (CMT8 1)1500 drain: Buildirig bituminous concrete (6111 Road) wide): Buildi~:g pave~nent(31n wide) on tlie two -.--.sides of road: Installing road l igliti~igsyste~ii Tlianglong InFrastrocturc Development .lSC.(Infra-'I'lia~igLc~~ig) Cliapter 3 - 5 VIE llNAM URL3AlU I II'(;I 1 L.;~oe 728 Ilpgrading the existing canal (L=675m). building road and lighting system. ' (NTMK Road) ('nil C'hila and Son Section I - Replacing the existing canal by drain ('anal (111200 or box culvert 2mx2m). building concrete road (4m) and pavement (lm) on one side of thc road. Section 2 - IJpgradi~igtrapezoidal stone c~iil?ank~nent(tlie jetty top of I0111 widc), L = 232111. Road (3m) and pavement ( llii) 011 two sides 01' tlie canal. Son 'canal: Replacing the cxisting canal by sewer (D 12001nm; L = 250111); Building bituniinous concrete road (5m widc) above the sewer: . pavcnlent ( l m wide) on one side of tlie road; Installing lighting system. Cai Klie On thc north side (1, - 968 111): bilildil~gconcrete Canal e~~ib;t~ik~~ient,road [31n wide) and sidewalk (3111 width) a1~11gthe balk. Installing light system. QII tlic soutli side (L = 873 m): building concrete e~~~ba~~k~nent,road (6m wide) and sidewalk (5m N idtl~) along the canal: Installing lighting syslcni. ~ Total 190.774.30 173,164.23 ~ Such components will be divided into 3 packages: - Package 1 i~icludes:tlie first branch - Ban canal, Tlia~iiThuong canal, ~licsecond branch -Ban canal. - Packagc 2 i~icludcs:Cai Klie canal (the nortlierli bank and the southern bank). Cau Chua canal and Son cn~ial. - Package 3 includcs: Nguyen Van Cu Road. CMT8 Road and lane 300 (in CMT8 Road), Cau ICinIi canal. l.ane 72B (NTMK road) The schedule of p;.c?ject is described in table 3.2. Thanglong Inli.astri~cti~reDevclop~nent JSC.(Infra-7rliangLong) Chapter 3 - 6 VIEThAiLI URBAN LPGRADIhG PROJECT - CAiCTWO SIIB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 En\ ironmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) Table 3.2: Implementation Schedule Thaln Tuong canal - Section 1 I'ham Tuong canal - Section 2 Cai Khe canal - northern bank Cai Khe canal - southern banh Cau Chua canal Ngbyen Van Cu road Cacn Mang Thang Tam Road (CMT8) Lane #300 (CMT8 road) Note Construction Preparation, site clearance and compensation stage Construction stage Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 3 - 7 VIE'I'NAM IIRI3AN III'C; RADING I'R0.I EC'I' - C AN I I I0SU[3-PR0.I I'CT Com~ooent2, pllasc 2 Enviroo~~~cntalIlapacts Assessulcat (EIA) Chapter 4 4.1. Natural condition 4.1 .l. Geograpliical loc a t'ion Can Tho City. tirst grade city under the managc~ncntof Central Government. was found on I st. Aan~~ary.2004 pursua~itto Resolution No.: 2 1 -NQITW by l'lie Ministry of Politburo. This is tlie center of economy. tinancc, trade and advanced science and technology of tlie Mekong River Delta with divcl-sitied water~tnyand highway transport network. The coordinates 01' Can Tho City are fio~n0°34'43" to lO"19'25" of nol-them latitude and llo~n IOS"19'5 1 " to 105('54:36" of eastern lorigitude. It borders: - An Giang in tllc North - I [nu (iiang in the South - Vinli I .i')ng a~itlDong Tliap in the East - I Table 4.1: Area of wards under the project Name ofward Area (km2) 4 An tloa 1 1.78 1 1 3, I Tlioi Binli 1 0.53 1 I 6: I Ilung Loi I 3.4- I I 71 Cai KI~C I 6.67 I I 'XI An Ngliicp I 0.35 Thanplong Infrastructure Dcvclopment .ISC.(Infra-TllangLoag) Chapter 4 - 8 VIETNAM IlRI3AN III'(;liAL>ING PR0.I EC F - C'AN'1'110 SIiR-PR0.IEC.I' Coml)oncnt 2, pllasc 2 ICnvironnle~ltalImpacts Asscssnicnt (EIA) Figure 4.2: Administrative map of Ninh Kieu District - Can Tho City 4.1.2. Terrain, geology and soil characteristics Can flio Cil~.lhrmed by alluvial soil of the blekong Rivei Delta. lias tlat topography l'rom nortliuestern to \oulhcastcrn (tlircction of tlau River tohard tlie sea) and from nortlicastc~~nto soutli\vester~i(tiircction of Hau River towal-d inlolid). Tlic high Hau riverain land has clcvation of I .0 + 1.5~.gradually low on tlic inner land, the area along Ilic 80 ~iationalIiigli~ay and Cai San meridian with elevation 01' app~.o~imatcly0.8m. gradually Ion toward tlie centcr of Tliot Not, 0 Mon (Ila11 River t'lir~n)with tlie clcvatio~iof only 0.5m. At prescnt. tlic city lias a pan-sliapetl topography. 'l'lie riverain and riparian arcas arc often liigl~\\it11 gradual slope. As a result, tloods occur during the rainy scason which lasts ti)r 1 mo~~tlisfrom July to Novcmber on a yearly basis. Cali Tho City is Ihrmed with Iiau Rivcr's alluvium which is almost imrnature alluvial soil and lias neutral pH index. avcqge carbon ratio. rich protcin, halium and pliosplior poperty. Soil characteristics of Cali '1110 City are as follows: I AM1 JIAllNIII - AN I 1-PRT Component 2, pl~:~sc2 Environ~nent:rl1mpa~ts Assessnler~t (EIA) . * - Ilie first layer is of 0.5 + 2111 deep, with blue or brown clay (from soft to ~ncdium) mixed sand and gravel - The consecutive second layer is 2.6 + 1 I m in dcptll, black-grey, soft and organic: - The third layer has thc depll-l oF4.5 + 101n(cun~nlon depth of 4.5 + 6m). from blnck- grey clay to blue-grey clay. fine sand mark: - The forth layer is of 4.2 + I6m ill deptll, light grey, from hard to very Ilard: - 7'lie last laycr is with the deptli over 10m. sandy clay, line-grained, yellow-brown. the situation varied from a loose lo a medium dense The grnundwater level has the depth 0.4 + O.6111 in the shallow layer, the depth of 701n in the deep layer and good quality through Hau River. Some wells in Birili Thuy and Tra Noc districts arc exploited to supply water for domestic use. 4.1.3. Climate Tlie telnper;tture in tlic project area is typical for Can Tho City. Average temperature has little diA'ercnce annu;~ll~. 'The average temperature is l'ro~n26°C to 28,I"C montlil~,.Tlie tenlperaturc is highest in April and lowest in Ianuary (See 'I'able 4.2). Table 4.2: Average monthly temperature in Can Tho City over the recent years Air temperature of months ("C) 15.7 26.6 27.0 March 27.8 ,- 27.0 August 26.7 26.6 October -. -- - Nove~nhcr 26.7 27.8 t)cccmbcr 25.5 26.1 Average I 27.0 27.0 1 27.1- ~ Thanglong Infrastructul.e Development SSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 4 - 1 1 VIE 1'NAM III(I3AN 111'(;RAL)lNCi I'KOJF,',C"I' - C'AN.1'1 I0 S1 iI3-PRO.IEC7' Component 2, pl~itsc2 Eevil-on~nent;tl1ntl);t~ts Assessment (KIA) The tetnpcrature is an important natural factor wliicli influences clie~iiicalreactions occurring in the air. It is a Iso important Ihr the decotnposition process of organic substance. Thc I1 igher tlie temperature it is. the frister tlic vcloLity of polluted substance deco~npositionis. The tigures of Iiutnidity show that the air moister is always high annually (more 82%). The highest humidity is f'lv~nMay to October and tlie lowest humidity is in February. Becaitse Can Tho City is located in hulnid '- tropical zone with a monsoon intluence and has 2 distinguished seasons: the dry season and tlie rainy season. However, no remarkable difference aboitt hu~niditybetween 2 seasolis for the year is recorded. (See Table 4.3). Table 4.3: Rt!lative air humidity in Can Tho City over the recent years Average relative humidity of months (%) I 2004 2005 79 80 82 1 Febr~ta~.y 79 79 -- March 7 7 7 7 Aprii 7 7 76 83 I May 84 8 1 85 August Septcni ber 87 84 87 Annually average (Sr)l/~.ce.,S'iali.vlrc Ye~irhookof CCcrtr Tlio ( 'iiy. 2006) I-lutnidity is an iniportalit factor (hat influences in tlie conversion and decomposition process of ' polluted substances. It is also a condition in \vliicli microol.ganism breaks organic substance LIP. Moreover, the environment with the high humidity is lil Can 1110 City is ill tlie liigli heat of sill1 light zone, especially in the end of tlie dry season. As compareed betweell 2005 and 2004, tlie number of sunny IIOLI~Sdocs not change mucli on a monthly basis. The highest nunibcr of sunny hours is in Marcli 2006 (238 hours), and the lowcst one is in July 2006 ( 135 hours). 'l'lic number of light IIOLI~~is 2,243 11oi11.sill 2006, which is less than in 2005 (See 'l'able 4.4). Table 4.4: umber of sunny hours in months at Can Tho City from 2004 to 2006 r Number of sunny hours of months (hour) Month 2006 - Jatiuary 1:cbruary March ~ 23 7 24 1 Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 4 - I2 VIEI'NAM IIIi13AN i lI'(;RAI)ING P1<0.[[':C~l'-!',ZN 11 10 SIJU-I'ROSECI Component 2, ph:lse 2 Snviron~ncnt;~l1111l)iicts Asscssrncnt (Eli\) Number of sunny hours of months (hour) 2006 144 e-1 Octo ber 1 November 1 174 I 165 I 227 1 (Sotrrcc: Sllrli., lic Yccirhook c!f'C'~u~Tho C'ilji, ,3006) Rain rcgime in Call 'llio is influenced by cycle of monsoon with a rainy season and a dry season. Rainy season and flooding at tlie same time lasts 6 months. Recently, tlie change of rainfalls is not ~iiuch.'The rainfall is lo\\ in the dry season. and ~iiainlyconsiderable in tlie rainy season f'rom May to October wliicli accoi~~itsfor 90% of the rainfall per year. Tlic highest rainfall is in September and October (Table 8). ~able'4.5:Variation of rain fall in Can Tho City from 2004 to 2006 Rainfall subject to monthly basis (mm) Marc11 May 4.8 8.3 0.5 141.5 93.7 August 130.3 191.8 - -- .- Scpte~nbcr 1 236.8 254.6 175.8 I October 209.8 I 1088 148.1 -- ~ Nove~iiber 250. I , Ilece~nbcr 311.5 295.4 -- The w hu.1~year 1,415.7 ~ 1,731.9 1,642.2 (Sotrr-cc: ,Vlcrli,slic. Ye'c.tn-hookof ('c111 TI10 C'iljl. 2006) Nolc: (-I: No ~.clirr 4. I. 3.5. Wi11r1-st or^^^ irrfer~sity Although Can Tho <'~tyis 1101 affected strongly by windstorm, in rainy season, heavy rain occurs and lasts long Iiours. causing floods and traftic jam in tlie 11rban area. Tlierc are yearly 3 main types of wind directions: Tlianglong Infrast~.i~ctureDevelopment JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 3 - 13 VIETNAM IJRI3AN IlI'CjRADlNCi PR0.IECT - ('tlI\!'r 110 SOO-PRO.IECT Coml~onent2, ~ll;ksc2 Environmcnt;kl Impacts Asscsslllc~lt(El \) - l'lic first type: West - south west - Tlie seconcl type: East - north - Tlie third type: East - soulli Tlie averagc velocity ol' wind is 1.6 niis per year. 'There are 63 days with lieavy rains from May to October and tlic Iiighcst velocity of strong wind is 3 1 111is.. 4.1.4. Hydrologic i-egime 4.1.4.1. River systcvrr~firrtrrrpsiri Ctrrt Tlio Ci@ Cali Tlio City Iias n dcnsity of river a~idcalla1 syste~iiwith the total length of about 560kni. River dcnsity is quite high. 1:X kni/kni', especially 2 hm/kni2in I lau rivcrain land in Ninh Kieu, 0 Mon. Cai Rang and Tliot Not districts. Tlie main river system in Can 'Tho City includes: - Ilau River, a brancli of Mekong River is the main watersource for Can Tlio City and su!-i.oi~ndingarcas. Besides, it is a natural provi~icialboundary separating Can Tho fi-0111 [long Tliap and Viiili Long. It is also an international waterway I'or boats traveling from and to Cambodia. Thailand, ctc. Tlic section of Hau Rives tlowing tlirougli Can 'Tho City has tlie lengtll of over 60 ILITI. - Canal syste~li:Csn Tho Rivcr, Cai Klie ca~ial. Xeo La canal, ctc are big canals, irrigating lio111Can 71-lioRiver to tlie inland and comprising tlie drainage system of llie City. /It prcsc~it,some canals sucli as Tlia~iiTuong, Cai Khe, Ban aiid Cau Cliiia canals arc pollutcd seriously. Rivcrs and caiials in ('an 1110 City are affected by diffcrent semi-diurnal tide because tlic City is I'ar from tlie sea: tlic last tidal wave is gradually weak, that is, tlie ti~iieof the upward tidal wave (4.39 + 5.0811) is sliorter tlian'11ic time of the downward tidal wave (6.36 - 8,3511). In the ebbing tide. (lie dil'fercnce bctwccn tlic liigliest and lowest tidal wavc is more than l70ciii. Table 4.6: Water level at interior field measuring- station of Can Tho City over years Measuring ' Water level Time of measuring Occurring month '~tation (cm) Pl~ungI-liep - ('ai Con river Lowest Highest 60.3 Octobcr - Novembcr Vi Than11 - Xa No - I,OWC:J -29.3 Apri I c;111;1 I -- - -- Avcktxge 20.5 (Sour.cc.: I\'cy)orl oil C'LIYI.~.III E1i1.iro1l111e1lt~lIC'ol~~iilio~l of C'LIII T/lo C'i/j3,2006) 7 7 . I lie crest of tide is 165 - 170cm (from October to Dcce~nber)and 1 16 - I I Xcm (from May to dunc). 'I'lie sag of tide is - 155 13 1~111(li.om Marcli to .lunc). Tlie tidal range during tliesc montlis is about 200cni. advantagcou\ for drainage. During tlic 1.ai11yscason (from .Iiily to November), the averagc tidal range. lower- 122 - 125~111.causes ditlicultly for watcr discliargirig and extend the floodi~igtime ill low lands. 'Tl~en.tlic mininiu~iitidal range is o~ily- 6 - 7cm. 111 tlau Rives. the liiglicst crcst of tide is 206cm; {lie lowcst sag of tide is (minus) - 133cm. Tlic avcragc crest ol'tide is. 104 - I6Icm. Tlie avcragc sag of tide is 57 62cm (conipare with tlie lieigli~of I Ion Dau). Tlianglo~igInfi-ast~~ucturc [lcvelopment JSC.(Infra-ThangLoag) Chapter 4 - I4 VINMIN IiIALlN IOJLI - \I'0 I-IRIT Coml~onent2, pIi:lsc 2 [lue to tlie geographical characteristics, Cali Tho's hydrographic 1.egi111eis strongly inlluenced by tliat of Hau River, tlic semi-diurnrll tide of East Sea and the ccaso~ialrain. It's little intluenccd by tlic diurnal tide of tlic West sca of Thailand Gulf. The liydrolopical regime is an important factor controlling the water pollution level as well as the capacilj oi-self-cleaning of polluted substances, ctc. 'I'he tlooding season ill Can Tlio starts in July and finishes in December. If 3 factors. tlie level of I-la11 River rises highly (about 40.000m3/second), licavy rain and Ilood-tide. occur at tlie samc time. tlie water level rise to cau\c large and long tlooding. The average tlood intensitj in Cali 1-110 is about 5c1ii/day. Because oi' density canal sjsteni, tlie tiliie [lowing tlic tlood is cli~iteslow. The peak tlood appears in Cali Ilio City I 015 days longer than in Cliau Doc district. The d1.y season \tart\ in Sanuary and tinislies in June. In tlic tirst period, the flow has high intensity due to the ciia~igingii.om the llood season to the dry season. From December to January, the water volumc accounLs li>r 11io1.e tliali 8% oi' tlial of entire year. In April, tlie flow is tlic s~i~allcst,about 1001ii'/sccond. 4.2. Socio-econon'lic condition 4.2.1. Industry and handicraft Il~dustrialproduct.iori dcvclops steadily (Table 12). Modern investment mechanism, product innovation arid product quality improvcmcnt help to raise income of local residents in tlie arca. Further IIIO~C, invest~ucntpla~i~ii~ig fix ilili-astri~cture dcvclopment is stable and gradually specialized. Table 4.7: Situation of industrial production in the project area I I I Production Production Production Area N111n ber Number Number value value of units of units of units (million (million (million (unit) (unit) (unit) dong) dong) dong) N in11 Kieu District 1,222 3,868,548 1,300 4,659.630 1,392 5,080.223 420 3,850,448 470 4,362,554 483 5.660.807 (Soz~r.cr:S/tr/i,\ lic. 1'e~ri.hookof ('~niTlro C'ilj,, 2006) I,ist of industrial prodi~::tions in Nilill Kicu district: - Foodsti~l'fand drinks Weave products Clotlies Products fro111 leatlicr and imitation leatlicr Products iio~iiwood and forest products Paper and p~.oductsfi-0111 paper Pi~bli\l~i~~g, Clic~nicaland product from chemicals Prodilct I'roni 1.~1bbcra~id plastic Product li-om lion-metallic mine~als Metal Product 1i-0111 metal Machine, equipment - I lianglong Int'rastructu~eC>evclopment JSC.(Infra-TLaogLoog) Chapter 4 - 1 5 - Elcctric a~idelectro~iic cqi~ip~nc~it - Enginc a~idvcl'iiclc prodi~ctio~ia11d repar:ilio~i - Otlic~.transport vcliiclc - Bed. \\ardrobc, tablc. chair prodi~ction - Recqcle product - Watcr l,roductioli a~iddistribution (Soi~i.cc:Nirili Kic2u ~/i.s/~'ic/S/~l/i.s/ic AIIIIIIN/. 2005) Now. most nianiifacti~rcsand l'actorics gather in Tra Noc I Industrial zonc (Tra Noc ward, Uinh 7'huy district) and Tra Noc II (0 Moll district). In tlic project arca. tlic economic activities mainly concentrates on services. transpn~tationant1 small enterprises. (for list of some factories. industrial production, and proccss procluction in the area. see Appendix 3). Most ol'service and production utiits in tlie pro-ject area lravc yct l'acilitated with wastewater treatment systcm. Wastcwatcr is collected by tlie combincd drainage system of tlic City. Solid \vastc is collccted by Can Tlio lirban Conslruction Company. Total Report 1:igurc in 3007 of some wards about service and production units is prcsented in I'ablc 4.8 as follows: Table- 4.8: Number of production - trading units in some wards Type of business Ward Total t Service Production 4.2.2. Agriculture - Aquaculture 'I'lie agriculture dcvclopme~~tin Ninh IGeu district tends to decrease bccause of i~rbanization.Thc arca of farming land is gctting restricted and gradually cliangcs into land-tenurcd. In all sectors. the breecli~igsector has tlic greatest value of production (see Table 4.9. 4.10). Table 4.9: Value of agricultural production in Ninh Kieu district (million dong) Agricultural Cultivation Breeding service 3003 17.630 33,9 13 2,773 2004 12.483 17,673 1,057 Livestock and poull~.~,'raisingin Ninli Kieu tends to decrcase as tlie area For livestock ancl poultl-y becomcs smaller a11d partly afl'ectcd by avian tlu (See Tablc 4.1 1). Table 4.10: Agricultural- land area in Ninh Kieu district Ihal TgprTfcrop 2004 nlants VIETNAM IJI (Sozrrce: S/tr/i.s/ic.li~trrhook of Crrri Tlro ('i/jl, 2006) Table 4.11': Number of livestock and poultry in the area of Ninh Kieu ward Type of livestock 2005 2006 -- : I.Livestoclc Buffalo tlock 1 I 12 12 Cow tlock 87 l I0 30 Pig tlock 9,476 7,549 5,835 (,Yorrr.cc>:.S'/c1/i.5/ic Yelrr.hook c!f'('tniTlio ('i/jl.2006) The area of aquaculture is expanded. The dcvelopment of aquaculture has polluted tlie waler envirou~nentbccause of wastc produced from (lie aquaculture activities (See Table 4.12). Table 4.12: Situation of fishery production in Ninh Kieu District Production value million don (,To~rr.ce:S/tr/i.s/ic. Ycrrrhook c?f'C'lrrr Tlro ('i/j9,2006) Duc to limited awareness of local peoplc, excrement and scwagc from animal husbandry arc still discliarged directly to Cpen canal, causing water pollution. 4.2.3. Commerce, services and tourisnr Recenlly. green and modcrn tourist gardens alrcady invcsted along highway and waterway lines, altracting many d6mcstic and foreign lourists. Famous ecological tourist areas in Cali I'ho City include My Klianli lourist girden. PIILI Sa tourist area, Binli Tlii~yorcliid garden. According to llic f?gurc 01' lourism in 2006, tlic nunibel- of hotels i~~creascsto 302 liotcls with aboilt 7 16,245 tourists. Particularly in Ninh Kieu district. tlic tourist devc!opmcnt is prcsentctl in Tabl;: 4.13 as fbllows: Table 4.13: Tourism development in Ninh Kieu District Unit 2005 I-lotel 182 --- - No. ol'rooms in scrvicc Room 2,376 2,389 No. 01' beds in service Bed 4.083 4,100 No. 01' inlcrnatio~laltourisls Person 63,589 65,897 No. ol'nalional tourists Person 2 16.960 2 19,794 fhSour.c.e:Stlt/l.\ /its Yc~r11'1jook(?~'C'~III Tl10 C7i/j'.2006) 4.2.4. Population 7,Demographic Density According to (lie investigated result or' Slatistic Office in Ninh Kieu District (2006), tlie district population was 212.095 people with 48.56% male and 5 1.44% female. The District is dividcd inlo 12 wards with population density oS7.259 pcrsons/km'. Popillation and Population Density distributed by ward are prcscntcel in Table 4.14 below: VINAMJ INI IAlN I! - ill I I 3-II~ICorn(,oncnt 2, plt;lsc 2 Environmcat;~l11np:rcts ,\ssessancnt-- (El 4) Table 4.14: A\rerage population and density distributed per ward I YCIIJILJnonc:k, Ward Population (oersons/kl 1 16,327 L2--- Xuan Klianli 25,252 26.724 1 C'ai Klie 24.2 16 3,63 1 4.2.5. Public Health In 2006. public licaltli has no special change. Bird flu is prevented absolutely. 111 the City, tlierc are approxi~natclq 100 health units and hospitals sucli as Central General Hospital Of Can Tlio City. llospital 12 1, Can 1'110 children'~I lospital, Ethic inedicine liosl>ital, Hospital of Tuberculosis ancl lungs. eye-tooth-.ia\v-face hospital, car-nose-throat hospital. health station at the ward/comm~~neIcvcl. Table 4.15: Some diseases related to the environment in Ninh Kieu District I Month Bacillary Amoebic 1 HC Diarrhea I Dengue dysentery dysentery I 156 3 1 I I 294 2 8 I --I 20 1 26 4 I 263 7 1 8 207 20 - 4 252 26 1 2 244 2 1 3 -3 I99 4 7 196 I 1 I I 193 2 -3 213 3 1 7 377 - (SOUI.C'CJ:I'r.eveii/il.c~ Afetlic.ille ('e111r.c.of ('tm Tlio ('ih: 2006) The number of people getting diseases concerning environlnent s~~clias dysentery, diarrhea, petcchial fever is quite high (Scc Tal-lc 4. r 5. 4.16). The main rcabons are unliygicnic living habit and pollution. Especially. local liouscliolds libing along existing open canals often discharge solid waste and wastewater directly into rivers. Besides, flies and ~nosql~itosas well as i~ilmediacyinfectious animals such as rats have dcvcloped dramatically. It is the fi~ndarnentalsource causing cpide~nicsand public Iieallli problems. Table 4.16: Some diseases related to the environment in Binh Thuy District 1 Month I Bacillary Amoebic I HC I Diarrhea Dengue- I ~ 1 tly9e;tery dysentery dysentery 0 0 139 17 Tlianglong Infrastt.uctu~.eDevelopment .lSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 4 - 18 Ellvironrllclltal In~pwctsAssessment (EM) ~ia:] v B'1ci1a; Ebic HC ~ia:] Dengue dysente dysentery dysentery -- -- 5 - -- --0 -- 105 5 6 0 - - (1 -- 7 0 0 108 8 8 0 0 0 6 1 I6 0 0 5 9 0 0 72 0 0 102 7 1 12 -0 0 102 7 4.3. Existing condition of Infrastructure system 4.3.1. Water Supply, Drainage and sewerage Water source for domestic use and production in tlie pro-ject area is taken fo~nCan Tho City's Watcr Treatment Plant. Cur~.ently.Ninli Kieu district has 2 plants: - Can 'l'lio #I: situated in Xuan I - Can 7.110 #4. situntcd i~:Hung Plii~ward wit11 capacity of 1 0.000~n'lday Tlie water sourcc Ibr An l'hoi ward of Birili Tlii~ydistrict is taken from Can Tho #2 Watcr Plant wit11 tl~ccapacity of 40.000ni'lday. Moreover, Can Tho #3 Water plant is situated in l'ra Noc Inclustrial Zone scrvi~ipits i~lla~~dcompanies and production i~~iits. Tlie total lengtli of water sul~plypipeline is about 4301~1i1and its diameter of 60 + 600 1n1i1is made of concrete or ~IPVC.l'lie ratio of water loss is about 30% of tlie supl~liedwater. All water plants in ('an 1-110 City use surface water in tlie area (Can Tho Kivcr, H~LIGiang River) as supply watcr sources, Sucli capacities ensure supply of water t'or production and domestic use purposes. etc in tlie arca. Now, in Can '1'110 City tlic averagc water consu~iiptionis about 1501ittersI11erso1~lday. 'I'lic urban drainage sjstc~iiis mai~ilybuilt up ill Nilill I .l'lianglong Infrastri~cturcDevelop~rie~it JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Cliapter 4 - I9 VINAMAN AIN IRO I - AN0 S 3-IRIC Conll)oncl~t2, p11;tsr 2 Envi~.onnicnt;ll Impacts Asscssn~cnt(ElA) - C'an 'l'ho River lias all I9 outfalls li-om Nguyen Tlii Minli Kliai St, Ngo Duc Kc St, l-'lian B'ki Chau St. tlai Ba 'Trung St. Nguyen An Ninli St and routes around Ninli IGeu park in Tan An. An Lac. Xuan Khanli ward. - Kliai I.uong River lias 9 outfalls along Cacli mang tliang Tam road, Doan 'llii [lien1 St a~idI ,c Hong Pliong St in An Tlioi ward and part of Binli lhuy ward. - Tham Tuong canal has 3 outfalls in Lane Iof Lq 'l'u Trong St, Ban canal bridge of 312 rnad a~ldTliani Tuonp drain of 301.4 road in All Phu. Xuan Klianli ward. - Besidc, tlier:: arc 6 outl'alls alo~~gIloang 'Vrin rI'h~~road discharge sewage into Cai I - Not discharge timely in heavy rain: - 1:lood in some parts during flood tide period; - Wastewater lias bccn collected \\itliout treatment and discharged directly illto canals, rivers. iausing watcr pollutio~i:and - Not improve and use natural drainage system (local rivers and channel). 4.3.2. Electricity In general. tlic wholc project area is connected witli national electricity network. I-lowcver. around 9.6% of households docs not liave their own electric suppl? rnetcrs Thcy liave to take electricity from adjacent Iiou~eholds. leading to a comple~net of elcctrical lines in slum area. Risk of Iirc and electrical leakagc. tliercforc, is Iligli. In addition to tliis, the electrical wire system is obsolete and requires rcplaccment witli new ones. 4.3.3. Transportation ? - I lie transportation system lias cl~a~.acteristicsof 11rba11traffic. Wllole Ninli Kieu district has about 146 routes with tlie total length of 93.5km. including: - National highway 1A and 91 B; - Maill I-OLI~CS ill tlie city as Cacl~nialig thang Tam. 3/2, I-lilng Vuong, Tran Pli11, 30/4, tloa Ilinli road. e!c - So~iicsjnall road links wards and Inany lanes witli tlie minimized width of 1.5111. An l'lioi ward, Hi~illrlii~y district lias onl! a main route. namely CMT8. linlts from Binli Tliily ward to Tlioi Bi~iliand Cni Khc ward and another as sub-route. lanc con~lectingwards. Almost all roads in Ninli Kieu district liave bee11asphalted or concreted. 4.3.4. Health care center 71-lianglongInfrastr~~cti~re Devclopmcnt .lSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 4 - 20 Environmcnt:~l1111p;rcls Assessmer~t (EIA) In 2006, public Iicaltli had no special change. Bird Ilu is preve~itcd.111 tlie wliolc city area, tliere arc 100 healthcare unit\ and hospitals as Central General Hospital of Can Tlio City. liospital 12 I. Can flio cliildrcn's liospital. t,thic nlcdicine liospital, Hospital of Tuberculosis and lungs, eye-tooth-jan-facc liospital. car-now-throat hospital. Iicaltli station at tllc wardlcornm~~nelevel. Table 4.17: Medical centre and number of bed within the area of Ninh Kieu District Medical centre Medical staff Sick- bed (centre) (person) (bed 7 976 780 12 7 1 -- 10 3 1 0 2 9-- - - 1,357 82 1 (,SOIII.LY: Sl~li,~lit Yc~urhook (!~'C'~III TIIO C 'ily, 200(i) l'lie area of Ninli Kicu district lias 29 hcalth care units (2006) including 7 hospitals, 12 Iicaltli care centre at tlie ward lcvcl and others with 821 patient beds (Table 24). The arca of' An Tlioi \\arc1 (in Binli Tliuy district) lias no liospital. only a Iicaltli station at tlic ward level. 4.3.5. Solid waste management Collection situstion Tlic city lias 4 urba11 and 4 suburban districts but o~ilyUrban Construction Company in charge of garbage collection. delivery and treatment for 4 wards, namely Ninli Kieu, Binli Tliuy, Cai Rang. 0 Mon \iit11 tlie total volu~iic01'400 toncslday. Solid water in the urban area is collected in 2 different mo~iients: - 111 Ninli Kieu district: Solid waste mainly collected from 1811 to 2211. Households' solid waste Srom lane is collected by manual vehicle gathering to sub-station before delivering to dumping site by trunks. tlowevcr, for tlic routes lacked of street lighting and Iiaving bad road's surface as Tran Hoang Na, Tam Vu road. Tan An ward solid waste is collcctcd from 811 to 1511. - In Uinli 7'lii;y di:;irict: waste collection is executed fro111811 to 1511. Composition of solid waste According to tlic analysis result of tlie composition of solid waste in Cliau 'I'lianli landfill (in past). most of ~1rba11wastc is organic substance accounted for 82%. tlic rest is hardly decoriiposed wastc such as metal, rock. sa~id,glass. etc.. VINAMIN AN IROII - 1 I I I 3-IIOS'I Coml~oncnt2, p11:lst 2 Ea\~it-onrl~er~ti~lIn~pacts Assess~nent (El 4) ll-(ilnss KiMctal Bl G~oodand ruhbcs I Figure 4.3: Urban solid waste composition (Sour,ce: C'lrrr 7/10 C'ii~.Urh~rn C'ons/r~zrcfion C'orrllxrr rj: 2 00 7) Tlic volurnc of solitl wastc Now. the statistic figure about the volume of solid waste in each ward of Can Tho City has not been done. yet. Hc~ice,the volume calculation may be base 011 tlie method of average per person. Construction wastc management Now. Urban C'olistruction Company of Can 'rho City carries out tlie waste collection ill co~istruction process. l'lie waste will be transported to Long l'hanh landfill (lir about 15k1n from the city center). 77I lius. the Incasure of' waste ~iianagementin tlie construction of related embankmelit. access road, drainage canal, ctc is proposed as; - ('o~itact with units who owned blank lalid that could be used for dumping - Signing C'ontract with Urban Construction Company lbr waste disposal Drctlgctl sctlirnent management Can l'lio City in tlie urbanism process, many new residential arcas are being formed such as southern area of Cali Tho River, residential area along 91 B Road. 'l'hcsc areas formerly arc agricultural farming land witli ma114 fields and ponds. Changing the ob-jcctive of lalid use fiom agricultural land to residcntial land raise tlie demand 01' land filling. IMorcovel.. espcricnce learnt liom Phase 1 Pro-ject Esec~~tion"l~nproving Xang Thoi canal and Inltc" slions tliat the content of Losic conipositions in excavated sediments is lower than tlie ~~ermission standard. l'he sediment is clay-soft. quick dried and do not generate bad-smell. It could be explained by that the canal Iias the closely hydrological relationship witli the river. Water in canal is regularly diluted and clea~ictlby river watcr. At tliis moment. tlic dredged sediments in Xang l'l~oicanal are bci~igtra~i~portccl to an empty land or tlie urieultivated fkld 01' Iiouscliolds who have tlie demand for backfilling. V IEI'NAM 1II Envil-onmentirl Impacts Asscss~ncr~t(EIA) ----. Chapter 5 ENVIRO#MENT SETTIMG IN THE PROJECT AREA 5.1. Natural Resources Can Tlio City lias no metal ~nineral.Natural resources ~nninl~include farming land, frcsliwatcr lish, and sand (used fi)r coristluction). 5.1.1. Biology Biological systcnl of Val1 '1-11o City call be divided into 2 types: wild ecosyste~nand agricultural ccosystem WiId ccosystcrJi: - Wiltl flora includes 130 species of grass and small vegetable f:i~iiiliar to specilic species oftlic Mekong River Delta; - Wiltl fau~iaineludcs 14 species of mammal (such as fox, musk-cat, lield-mouse, otter, eti). 30 species of bird (as tlowerpeckcr, sparrow, teal, screech-owl. pi~rplclicro~i, kingtislicr. etc). 20 species of reptile and amphibian. soliie insects and 133 spccics ol- Ilsli. - 12ivestocl - Crop plant includes 60 plants uscd for food and drug in wliicli water-rice is do~iiinant. Fruit-trees ~iiainlyincludc species of longan, orange. ra~iibutan. Aqua-ccosyslem According to the su~.vcyco~iductcd b). Sub-Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources on qua- spccies in Can Tlio River. tlicre are 69 planhtons, 72 zooplanhtons and 33 benthos species. The ratio of green algac (Cliloropliyta) and silic algae (Diatoms) are more do~iiinantthan others. In wliicli. tlicre arc so~ilctypical species indicated ricli nutritional and ~nesosapbrobicenviro~iment sucli as Mclosira granulata, l'ragillaria capucina. Microcystis aeruginosa, etc The surveyecl Lool,lanktolis are Protozoa. Molluscs. Nematlielmintlies, Artlirapoda. Annelids. Most of them liavc origin of f'resliwaler spccies as Bosliiina. Bosminopsis, Cliydorus, Arcella, etc. Somc spccies have abilitj of adapting will1 alu~iiinil'erous e~iviron~nent,for example Asplanch~ia, Brachionus. Keratella. etc. Beir11ro.s trrri~lrtrl * Tlic species and gcnus belonging to classes such as Gaslropoda, Bivalvia, Oligocliaeta and Polycliaeta arc daninaut than otlicr. Tlic spccies of I'olyclictk (O1igocliaet:i j Liirrirorbilz~sIrc!ffiirei,s/ei.i is indicator of ricli organic cnvi~.on~iie~it.Some species of ~nusselsuch os C. Icviuscula, C. Bocoutti. C. Baudo~iiis typical indicator for salidy mild botto~n. Basc on watcr biology a~ialysisin Can Tlio Rivcr, It could bc co~icludcdas follows: - Plankton. zooplankton and benthos animal lias riiany typical species indicated tlie ricli nutritional and non-polluted water. Tlicse are biological indicators retlecting tlie water qirality in tlic prqject area. Tlianglong Infrastruclure Llevelopment .ISC.(lnfr:l-ThsngLong) Cliaptcr 5 - I VIE fNAM IIRI3AN III'(;l - l'lie hollorn is mainly mud and sandy-~iiud. .dc//~tr/icvP~*ot/lcc./.\ Tlierc are several Ordcr of f:isli discovered sucli as Cyprinidae (including 84 species as carp, tcncli bream, etc), Gobidae (including 14 species as clii~b),Cralidac (as slieatlis), Siluridae (including 5 1 species). Scliibeidac (including 13 species as tra fish, etc). 'Ihe popular species are tra tisli, basa fish, (cat fish) and sheatlisli, etc. However, the degradation of rivcr water qilality are generating threat to biological resoul-ces. 5.1.2. Soil , Can Tho City is located next to I-lau River and annually raised by flau River's alluvium in flood season. Alum soil has low pyrite rate. so that soil excavation does not create strong acidification. pH index in soil is ncutral and tlie content oEA13+ and Fc3+ is not at lligll level. Table 5.1: Current land use status in Ninh Kieu District Area (ha) 2005 2006 ~~LII~LI~laid Water surfacc land For aquaculture 1 -- I-urestry land 1 ~~n-a;.l-iculturc land includi~igresidential land 762.5 --- 764.7 - NO~-useland 0.2 0.2 2.922.0 2,922.5 The area of total cultivatcd land is about 1 16.867 ha absolutely used fur farming. The current land use status in Ninh Kieu and Ui~iliThuy districts is showll in tables 5. Ianc! 5.2. Table 5.2: Current land use status in Binh Thuy District -- F Area (ha) TYpe 2005 2006 4,263.9 -'4,247.5 Water surface land for acli~aculti~re 8.5 8.5 1 Non-agriculture land 2.770.8 2.787.2 1 I 1 1 4 in'cluding residential land 6 Non-use land Total at-ca 7,059.3 7,059.3 -- Statistical data indicate that tlie area of agricultural land is predominant. Non-agricuItu~-a1larld nunlied the second. pTlic total area of land tends to increase b11t tlie area of surface water for aquaculture does not rise. 5.1.3. Water Freshnater resource ~ncludillgsurface water, stormwatel. a~idgrou~idwatcr is abundant all year-round. Ho~ever.tlie i~nplan~iedus:: causes water pollution as in Tliam Tuong, Ban. Cai Klie, and Don ca~lal, Tlianglong Infrastructure Developlnent JSC'.(lnfra-TIlangLong) Chapter 5 - 2 -Environmental Impacls Asscss~ircnt(EIA) ctc. 711c mai~ircason is tlic wastewatel from various sources (such as do~iiesticuse and industrial and agricultural, acluact~lturalproduction) discharged dircctly into canals wit110~1tany treatn~ent. Groundwater iu Cau 1'110 is mai~llyexploited Liom I'leistocenc aquifer. The reserve of this aquifcr is quite good and qi~alityof watcr reaches the nor111 of do~iicsticuse. l'he aniou~itof watcr supplicd for do~iicsticuse accou~itsfor 92% of total. 5.1.4. Sand The special rcsource is sand From Ha11 River. It is estimated about 1.000,000m' annually. Howevcr, ma~ingementof sand exploitation is very complicated. Over-exploitation of sa~idcould create potential of crosion of Hail Rivcr's bank. 5.2. Environ~nentalQuality 1'0 assess currcnt stati~sof environ~nentqi~ality in tlie project area, Tlia~ig Long Infrastructi~re Development JSC in co-operation with ~iionitoringstation of Department 01' Natural Resources and Environment of Can Tho City and Specialize Expcri~ncntOffice, University of Can Tho carried out mo~\iioringprogramme on: Air, noise, water (including surface water, groundwater); mud-deposit 5.2.1. Status of water environment Environmental monitoring results The rcgular monitoring result From 2004 to 2006 shows tliat water quality in ~liostof ca~ialsin Ninh Kieu and Birili 'I'lii~ydi,strict still ~iieettlie Vietna~ncsestandard (I'CVN 5942: 1995, colum~iB - value applied to the surface water i~singfor tlie purpose otlier than do~liesticwater supply (see ill table 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5). cxcept for N [-I?. Coliform. Table 5.3: Variation of surface water quality within the area of Ninh Kieu District Measuring result TCVN Measuring 1 5942: 1995' 2004 2005 ''(j6 months (column B) 1 early 2007 --- I 7.10 7.07 --7.09 7.14 6 - 8.5 7 0 89 68.83 80 15 I6 15 9.58 26.2 26.0 24.13 14.5 1 2.7 - 0.68 0.75 0.94 0.64 1 .0 1.1 0.9 1.18 15 0.0 12 0.0 12 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.936 1.912 1.29 7 I for M PNI1001n1-11 1 3360,667 731,589 l0,kl (,S~L/I.L.C>.EIII~~~~IIIIIC>II/~// 111011 1fo1~i11g(/l/fu of ('017 t'ho ('jty, 2006 C$ 200 7) Table 5.4: aha at ion of surface water quality within the area of Binh Thuy District ' Values in the colu'lnn B is applied to the surtilce water using fbr the purpose other than tlo~nesticwater supply. Quality criteria of water for aquatic life are specified in a separate standard. VI L IT Measuring- result I WNI 5942: 1995 ID. Parameter Measuring Unit 9 months 2004 2005 2006 1 early 200, (~"'"l"~l B) Table 5.5: Results of analyzing of heavy metals in surface water F- (mgll) Mn (mgll) Pb (mgll) Hg (mgll) As (mg/l) Ninli Kieu District 1.2325 ND 0.0 102 ND 0.00 15 ND 0.0 106 ND 0.00 12 TCVN 5942: 1995 (colum~l13) 1.5 0.8 0.1 0.002 0.1 (Sow.cc: E11i~iror7rncv1ltrIohservcrtio~l clcrltr ofi'trrr Tho ('i/y. -7006 K. 2007) Accol.dillg to monitoring ~.csuIt,it could be said that surface water of canal in Ninli I : Table 5.6: 'rham Tuong Canal Water Quality Measuring Measuring result 5942: 1995 2004 2005 2006 (coliunn B) -- 1 Table 5.7: Cai Khe Canal Water Quality Tlianglong Infrastructirrc Development SSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 5 - 4 VIE I NAM IIRt3AN IJl'C;RAI)IN(; I'R0.1F,C5 I - C'AN'I'I !O SIIIZ-I'KO.IEC'I' Component 2, pliasc 2 Envil-onn~ent:il1111p;lqts Asscssmrnt (KIA) .. -- - -. -- Me:isurirng result I I I'able 5.6 and 5.7 sliow that most of parameters are equal to or Iiigher than the permission Standard (colunin B). Pollutioli level in Tham Tuong canal is Inore scrious than in Cai Khe canal and both of them tend to i~lcre;iscthe pollution level oier time, especially BOD5 content and Coliforrii. The quality ol'watcr ca~ialsill Ninh Kieu district observed 8 times ill 2007 (the detail results presci~tcd in appendix 4). I'here are I 1 moniloi.ing pdramcters namely 111 1. DO, BODi. COD, turbidity. SS, NH:, NO;., NOz-. Fe and C'oliforni. 'The recorded data slio\v llinl riiost ofthe watcr sample ol'\vater canals in Ninh Kieu district exceed tile penliissinn standard (ICVN 5942-1995 column B), except pH. Fe nnd NO:'. NO1 contents. Obviously. tlie water in tlie nioniloring arca is polluted by organic substances and ~ilicroorgnnis~iis(table 5.8, 5.0). Tl~anglongInii-as't~.ucturc Dcvclopnient .ISC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 5 - 5 -. .n '? n 9 ? -1 - 9 + 2 - In PI ! # - I' 0 '? C'I --- z.r? - - In ! f 00 - 5 9- - 0 9 t a -- a -9 In -- C'I 09 00 C I -- r7 ! I' - -C 5 E0 Y -I)- .> *- - Of. C -0 G I:s 1- - Table 5.9: Results of analyzing some norms of heavy metals in water (2007) Sampling locatiom hilm Tuong Canal (Solrr.cc.: E~n~iro~~nre~~lcrIoh.v~.ri~cr/iorr .sro/io~r. 3007) hrole: hrD: hro/,fi)rr~~rl The result of monitoring program To update and cvaluate the surlhcc water quality of proposed canals, ~licrewcrc 4 most scsiously pol luted canals ot 1 he prqject area selectcd to contluct monitoring program. The monitoring result of parameters of surface water is prescllted in Table 5.10. Table 5.10: Results of anillyzing some norms of surface water within the project area ------Result TCVN 5942: 1995~ Parameter Unit INMI I NM2 NM3 NM4 (Column B) 7.26 7.1 1 7.19 7.25 6 - 8.5 - 1ng1l 23 3 2 5 8 109 2 0 mgll 1.2 0.4 0 0.1 >2 mgll 0.03 1 0.243 1.206 0.9181 -- - ~ mgll 5.5 4.9 7.3 6.6 - 1ng1l 7.4 12.13 9.68 10.33 ND Ppb ND ND ND ND I -- -- 0.012 0.013 0.05 - Ppb ~pb 0.128 0.13 0.23 i 0.71 I Tlianglong Inlraslructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chaptcr 5 - 7 E~~vi~.onr~~cr~taIlrr~pi~ctsAsscssrr~cr~t (ElA) -- Pb PP~ 0.1 18 0.361 0.29 1 0.13 50'*' I'pb l'pb ND ND ND ND Uassa I'pb ND ND ND ND (,Sorrr.c.c~:E1r vir~orrnrcrr/Ir(Oh.\ crv~rliorr SI~rliorrirr ('~rrr Tlro C'i/?l -- ,~j~cci~rli;e~/LLIO- I'LI~ITlro I/nir~cl:si!,~.I J AL~~ZISI2007) - NM I : ~hccanal of laic 300. CMT8 road, An Tlioi ward, Binli Tliuy districl; - NM2: C~LICliila canal. lane 132, Iiung Vuolig road, Tlloi Bin11 and An I-loa ward, Ninh Kieu district; - NM3: Ua~i2 canal or Tham 'Tilong canal, Xuan Kha~lliand An Pliu ward, Nilill Kiei~ clislrict: - NM4: Cau Kenh canal, Tam Vu road, Hung Loi ward, Ninh Kieu distric~; - Nl): not detected; - (*): the above value of the standard convel-tcd from ppm (mgll) measure to ppb mcasurc for compare. Remark of result Comparing Vietna~iieseslandard of watcr quality. TCVN 5942: 1995 (column B) - pl I: All moniloring points have pl-l rcacliing tlie permission standard. - SS: SS conten1 varies fro111 1.15(l,ane #300 canal) to 5.45 times (Cau I - DO: All the monitoring points have DO conlent exceeding the permissio~lstandard. Oxygen content measures rangc from 0 (in branch #2 of Ban canal and Tham Tuony canal) lo 1.2 ~iigllitter(in Lane# 300 canal). It slioms that almost canals are in an:ieroliic decolnposition condition (DO < IOmg). As a result, the formation of bad odor and the hlack-grey color of watcr is unavoidable. - COD: COD conlent in all sampling poi~ntsvaried from 1.2 times (in Lane#300 canal) to 2.4 limes (in br.a~rci~#2 of Ban cruial,and llia~nTilong canal) higher than permission statidard. - BODc: Si~nilarto other para~iieters,BOD5 contcnt at 4 monitoring points exceeds tlie permission standard li-om 1.2 (in Lane#300 canal) to 2 times (in branch #2 of Ban canal and lliam 'I'i~ongcanal). Obviously. water in these canals is seriously pollutetl because of thc directly discharging of org~nicsubslance and domestic waste watcr fro111houscliolds living along both side of tlicse canals. - Colili)~'~ii:At all sampling points, Colilorm content is many times higher than tlie pc~~~ii\\ionstandard (Coliform < 5 x 103 MPN/IOOml). Colifonn content of 1iio11ito1-ingsamples laken from Lane#300 canal has tlie highest content (46 x 106 MPNII !)01iiI), wliicli is 9,200 ti~iiestlian Lhc standard. 'fhe lowest content of Co1ifo1.m arc fo~~'ndin water samples talien tiom Cau Chila and Cau Kenh canals (2.4 x 106 MPNIl 00111I) but still higher 480 time llian the standard. Tllanglong Infrastructi~~-cDcvclopment JSC.(lnfi-a-ThangLong) Chapter 5 - 8 - Heavy mctal: Content of heavy metal at all ~nonitori~lgpoints is lower Inany times tlla~l the permission standard. It could be said tliat water in these canals are 11ot pollutcd by heavy metal. I'lie monitori~lgrcs~~lt ~~ndertahen by EIA consultant is suitable with the prcvious one measured by Environment Monitori~igStation of DONRE of Can 'Tl~o city. - Rcd~~~ldancyof plant protection ~I-LI~:Diazi~ion and Basa are popular to be ~~scdin Can Tho. Such a~lalysis result of Diazinon and Basa sllows tliat redundancy of tlie s~~hsta~iccill watcr environment is not fou~ldfro111 a11 points sampling areas. - Otlie~.parameters: other pollution parameters sucll as sulpliur, T- N and ?I'_P arc al~iiost at liigli levcl. especially 1'-N content at all ~llonitoringpoints is Iiigller than I0 mgll. In spite o,!' tliat these paramctcrs in not included in per~nissionstandard, tlie result nlc~ltioned-abovealso shows tliat water bodies ill project areas arc q~~itcrich of nutrierits. It is concluded that tlie watcr source in canals of tlie project area is seriously polluted by organic substances and coJifornl. The reasoli of pollution is ~iiai~llydue to: - I'rban waste water collection and trentmcnt system of Can Tho City has not been built, so tlic domcstic ~vastewaterlio111 Iiou\el~olds and cntcrprises/production facilities etc.. with the liigl~org~nic content discharges dircctlq into watcr bodies: - Tlic awareness of residents on cnviron~iientalprotection is absolutely weak. Solid waste and other garbage generated liom dornestic use arc oAen dumped directly into canal\. 111 gcneral. tlic ~nonitoringresult of tlie groundwater qi~alityin Ninli Kieu and Binh Tli~~ydistrict over years is quite good. Most of parameters such as pH, color. Ilardncss, CI', SO^'.. NO,.. Fc. COD and Coliform contents Huduate slightly. Except for Colifom. content of all parameters are lowcr than the Permissiorl Standard ( TCVN 5944:1Q95). Ground watcr pollutcd by C'olifor~nis possibly due to weal< manageme~ltduring cxploi~atio~lprocess. r - I hanglong Iniiastructurc Ocvelopnlent .ISC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 5 - 9 Table 5.12: Underground water quality in Binh Thuy district area Mcasuring rcsults Measuring . TCVN ID. Parameter 2005 7 months unit 2004 5944 - 1995 2006 early 2007 -__ 1-- I I -- 6 18 6.88 6.5 - 8.5 Color Pl-Co 25 9.5 5-50 Hardness 3 03 31 1 348 300-500 --3 03 264 264 292 200-600 Mgll 2.37 2.44 I .92 1-5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.18 4 5 Mgll 24 4 7 2 3 24.25 200-400 Mgll ND ND 6.3 7.73 5.2.2. Status of air environment 'I'lic causes of air pollution in the i1rba11areas of Can Tlio city in pal-ticular and Vict~iamill general are mainly due to traftic ibbucs. Status of air environment in tlie project area will be evaluated, according to tlic monitoring data 011 tlie air environment of Environmental Monitoring Station in Ninli Kieu district. TSP per lioi~rill air environment at the mollitoring points oFC'an 7 lio City in 2006 is 0.20 mg/m7 iind approxi~natelyequals to Vietnam Standard 'TCVN 5937:2005 (I'SP < 0,3 mg/m3). I-lowever, TSP content is quite high in rush hours or in traffic intcrscctions si~clias the crossing of Can Tlio coach station, Ly Tu Trong crossroad and c~cecdthe standard ('T'able 5.13). Table 5.13: Content of suspending dust (rnglrn3) in the air over the recent years Observation location 1 2005 I 2006 I ID. I I 2004 I I,ong Tilye11ward 0.23 0.18 0.20 Road cross of Can Tlio 0.32 0.3 5 0.3 7 coach stallon I,? I11 I'rong -1.-iunction 0.35 0.33 0.36 ~oundaboutat lHoa Binh ~ The mean content of SO2 per hour in air environment at the monitoring points in 2006 is 0.15 mg/m3 and lower than Vietnam Standard 'TCVN 5937:2005 (SO?< 0.35 mg!m3) (Tablc 5.14). rrlianglong Infrastructul-c Dcvclopinent SSC.(lnfr:~-Tl~angLong) Chapter 5 - 10 VIETNAM IJRI3AN I!I'(;RAL>IN(; I'ROSEC'T - C'AK7'I 10 SUB-l'RO.IEC'7' Co~npo~~cat2, pll:lse 2 Envirorrncnt:~lI rrlpacts Asscss~ncnt(EIA) 'Table 5.14: SO2 content (mglm3) in the air over the recent years 1D. ~hskrvationlocation 2004 2005 2006 I 0.14 0.04- 0.08 of Can Tlio coacli 0.26 0.09 station 0.32 0.12 0.18 Roundabout at Hoa Binli 0.20 0.05 ------ I I (Sour.ce: Repor/ orr ('urrcri~Elivirolirrrelr/~~l Si/zlutiolr c?f'(hn Tho C1i/y.2006) The mean content of NOz in 2006 is 0. I mg/m3 and lower than Vietnam Standard. The content of NO2 in main trat-tic intcrsccfions such as the crossing 01' C~uiTho coacli station (0.1 2mg/m3), Ly 'FLI 'Trong crossroads (0.12 mgln~')is still ilnder tlie allowance limits ofVietnam (Table 5.15). Table 5.15: NO2content (mglm3) in the air over the recent years 1 ID. 1 Observation location 2004 2005 2006 0 1 0.1 I 0.05 0.07 I,ong-. '['ityen ward 0 2 Road cross of Can Tho coach 0.20 0.09 0.12 station- 03 Ly Tu l'rong T--junction 0.24 0.08 0.12 04 0.14 0.07 0.07 Roundaboi~tat I-loapp-.------Binli Avenue -- 05 l'ra Noc I11dr1s:rinl 0.12 0.06 0.1 1 I'CVN 5037:2005 < 0.2 'l'lie content of CO in 2006 is 3.97mg/m%and tends to increase compared with tlie previous year (0.32mg/m7). I-lowever, it is still many times lower tlian tlie allowance limits (30mg/m3) (Table 5.16). Table 5.16: CO content in the air over the recent years (mglm3) 1 ',9. 1 Observation location 2004 2005 2006 Long 'I'ilyen- ward 1.23 0.92 1.34 Roacl cross of Can Tlio coacli 4.85 7.92 10.24 I O2 I . station I I I 1 04 I Roundabout at kloa Binli Revenue I 2.12 1 1.85 1 3.05 1 1 05 1 Tra Noc Industrial Zone 1 1.20 I 2.3 1 1 2.11 1 t----TCVN 59372005 < 30 (,S~III.CP:Repor./ or1 ('l~n.err/Erri~irorrlncrrtul Sill~~~liorr of ('LIII Tlro ('i!\'. 2006) I'lic Iiigliesr valuc ol'CO in dcnsly trai'tic areas sucli LIS Can Tho's Coach Station is I 0.24mg/m', lowcr content is 8.09mg/1n' found in Ly Tu Trong crossroad and tlie lowcst one is 1 .34mg/m' in Long Tuyen ward. - Tlianglong Infrastructure Devclopmcnt JSC.(Infra-ThaagLong) Chapter 5 - l 1 VIIi'l'NAM lJRI3AN I1l'(iR,4DIN(; PR0JEC'I'- C'ANTI 10 SOD-l'RO.IEC'I' Con~ponent2, pli;~sc.2 5.2.3. Noise Fl'lic noise levcl over $cars tends to increase; typically Long l'uyen ward varies from 5 1 to 64.5dBA l'rom the year 2004 to 2006. under allowance limits (75dBA). Noise level mcasurcd in Ly 'Ti1 l'rong and coach station intel-sections cxcecd thc permission standard due to thc hip11 tral'fic volume there. (Tablc 5.17). Table 5.17: Noise (dBA) in the air over the recent years 1 ID. Observation location I 2004 2005 2006 1 1,onrr 'l'uven ward Ilond cross of Can 'Iho coach I 1 77. I 1 76.3 7.13st a t'~on 1 04 Roundabout at tloa FJinli Rcvenue I 69. I 7077.9 1 ---1 -- 58.1 64.4 70.1 O5 1 rl.ra Noc I~ldustrialLone 1 I TCVN 5948: 1999 < 75 dBA (,YOIII'L+LJ:Rel)o~i 011 C7~lr'r'er1/Elrvir-orrrrre~~id Sil~w/iorr (?~'C'LIII TI10 C1j/y,2006) For updating figure about environment quality in pro-ject area, research group carried out monitoring prograliilne on air quality surrounding canals. I'he rcs~rltis presented in 'fable 5. 18 a~id5.19. Table 5.18: Analyzing results of air samples taken at some canals (Feb 2008) Result TCVN ID. Norm Unit -. KK6 KK7 KK8 KK9 KK5 5937-2005 1 Ternperati~re "C 26.2 27.4 31.1 33.0 33.4 -- .,- - -- Humidity --YO 71.9 70.0 54.3 56.8 -' 1111s I .0 2.1 0.9 0.2 Wi:i;ycd NE N direction -- - Suspending M~INI~' 0.24 0.3 I 0.25 dust 1: - - - - 111 ylm' 6.87 -- - -- .- - - -. .- I Table 5.19: Analyzing results of air samples taken at some canals (Feb 2008) I ID. Norm Unit Result -- pKK6 - - t- I 1 I -1.7 L KQD I I m/s 0.3 0.5 0. I 0.2 I I I I I vv lllCl N-NE E NE NC direction 1 1 1 1 dBA 71.7 66.8 62.8 57.6 - 2.29 K Pi4 KPH KPH 7 Tlianglong Infrastructu~~e[>eveloprncx~t JSC.(Infra-ThangLang) Chapter 5 - 12 VII.i7FNAM t IKIJAN I II'(iRAII>IN(i I'Ri).lI:CVr - C'ilh'l I 10 YUD-l)l ('tr~Tl1o Ulii~~er.si[~,,02/2008) - Note: I.I To1'r1r1 - Hocr Uirlll iil,c~ll~~c. - KPH No/ fi)lincl: - hK2: Bcr Le C'CIII~II- T~IIIIVLI; - KQD: iVo/ r~ogr~ltrlc~cl; - KK3: ('trr~Kilrh ('~mcrl- Ttrrlr VZI: - DB: Nor./hc~cr.v/; - KKJ: Xeo Ltr ('cr~rcrl: - TB: ,Vol./l~~~.o.c/; - KK5: Ber Ho ('mlcrl; - - D: E(1.51: 6:Do 1t11 - 7inri VZI: - B: Nol./ll: - KK7: ,ko Nllzr111('erllcrl; - B-DB: Nol./ll IVO~~II~~~(I.SI;- KK8: So11 ('trllcrl; - KKY: L~IIIC~#300 C'urrerl, CMT8, An Tlroi Wcn411,Birlll T11zg9 Dis/r.ic>/,Clrrl T11oCily According to ~iloiiitoringresult, It can be said that most of air quality paramcters are under tlie 13er1iiission standard, cxcept some locations in Tlia~iiTuong canal and Hoa Binli road wlicre tlie content of NO?is sliglitly liiglier than tlic standard (0.?.3mg/m7). 5.2.4. Canal sediment quality To assess tlic sedi~iientquality ill canals of tlic pro-ject area. tlie research team have taken 4 sediment sa~nplesin 4 ca~ials.Tlic saniplings were not conducted in Cai Klie canal as this canal does not habe trace of pollution and tlie proposed construction only conccntrates 011 bank improvcme~itwli~lc dredging is not proposcd for this canal. Tlie ~iionitoringprogramrile will provide tlie figurcs of tlie potcntial inipact generated from drcdging and transportation oFcxcavatcd sedimcnt. Howevcr, up lo now, Vietnam has yct set up tlie standard for quality of escavatccl ~iiaterial.Thus. to cvnluatc tlie pollution level of sediment. tlie PEL Sta~idardhave bcen used. rlie analysis result is presented in table 5.20: Table 5.20: Analyzing result of sediment RESULT Applied standard 1 Tham 1 I 1 Cau Tuong Cau Dust ID. Parameter Unit ~ Kinh Canal Chua i;;; I Canal (Ban 2 Canal Canal 1 (class 1) 2002 Canal) 1 %C '%I 12.18 2.1 1 0.0 7.23 - '%I 0:!.79 0.493J 0.286 J46- - 'XI 69.34 43.28 85.60 64.38 Ppb KPH I Thanglong In frastructurc I)cvclopment SSC.(lnfra-ThangLong) Chapter 5 - 13 VIII I'NAM IJR13AN I1I'(jRAI>IN(; I'ROJEC'l - ('AN'I liO YllI3-PROJECT Colnponcnt 2, ohilse 2 Environlncnt:~lImp:~cts Assessment (EM) Standard. It means Ilia~Zli contcnt should be taketi iritn account during dredging sediment process (table 5.20). lor 18 analysis figures of ('I radical, most 01' then-I [ire not detccted the redundancy of Pesticide. Only scdimcnt sa~iiplein the second br~nch-Bancanal has presence of4-4'-DDE and 4-4'-DDT radical with ~iiinorcontents (table 5.3 1 ). Table 5.21: Analyzing results of residual pesticide in sediment RESULT Tham ID. NORM UNIT Cau Cau Chua Lane #300 Canal p-p-- Residual plant protection organic Cliloririe (ppb) I1 Aldrin I'nb KPCI KPtl KPIH KPH 1 I1 I I I1 I1 I1 K P 1-1 KPH KPH I<1' ti 1 Ppb 1 Ppb 1---- K 1'1-I 2 1 KPH I mdoLEin-su~fate i I& I K 1'1-1 KPI-I KPH KP~I1 19 1 Endrin I PD~1 KPl-l I KPH KPH I - Keep proper distance from the areas with watcrsource (su~~i'accwater, ground\vatcr) ~rscd1171. exploitation. - He fir away l'ron~tlie residential area for avoiding bad smell. - Duniping site have I lie elevation higher tlia~ifloodilig Icvel. - Selectcd clumping site should bc full of sunlight to Iielp scdiment dried quicl Tlianglong lnfrast~.ucturcDcvclopment .JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Cliapter 5 - 14 VIETNAM 1JRI3AN 1 I I'(iRAL~IN(; l'RO.IE~C'7' - CriN 1'1 I() SUB-I'RO.ItJCI' Componct~t2, plli~sc2 Envil-onmcat;~lI~iip:~cts Asscsso~cnt (KIA) VIETNAM IJR13AN I lI'(il Chapter 6 PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS 6.1. Impacts Screening Tlirougli tlic process of document stildy and licld survey. the assessment on tlie pro-ject's impacts on tlie c~i\lironmentcan be identified, (see table 6.1) Table 6.2: List of environmental impacts of the project 7- issues construction stage I I Natural environment I 1 Air pnllutio~i I 1 2 Surface water yollulion 1 4 I Settlemclit a~idail erosion 1 5 Underground yatcr 1 7 1 Solid was~e I -- I --- I + I 1 II ) Social environment I I I I I I Site clearance illid reseltle~iie~it I 2 1 Trading activilies 1 3 1 Traffic co~igestio~i + --- 7 C I I Traftic accide~it Sanitation and easily infectious diseases I - 1 6 Public IiealLli I< -- 1li-~l Nolc: ---: Strongly negative impact; -- Avcragc negative impact; -: Less impact: +: Positive impact; K : No impact. 'I'lianglong Infrastructure Dcvclopment JSC.(Infra-ThnngLong) Chapter 6 - I6 Eavironniental 1inl)acts Assessment (EIA) It could be easily realized that the environmental impacts ~nainlyoccur during construction phase. Tlie itlipacts generated ti0111 pre-constructio~iphase are related directly to require~nentof site clearance for construction activities. 111 order to clarify more detail about environmental i~iipactsas well as qi~alitatively ranking importance of impacts. the sinlple environmental impacts niatrix has been applied. Thc result is pscsenled in table 6.2 Table 6.2: Sim~leEnvironmental lrripact Matrix for Study Project 1 Social diseases : / 1 1 I Infetious diseases 1 I I 1 Trading activities. 1 x 1 1 Note: (A) i~ldicaling\vliicIi environ~ne~~talcomponent is affected by any project activities. l'lirougli the matrix ill table 6. I it is easy to find that air pollution, noise. solid waste arc the most scrious environmental issues potentially generated fro111 construction phase. Based oil i~npactidc~ltificd, the detail screening for each group and/or routes has been implemented in tablc 0.3 and 6.4 as I'ollo\vs: -. I hanglong Infrasl~ruc(ii~-eDcvelop~nent JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 17 pu~sals!qa.i uo!~t.uodsue~lu~oy uo!ss!lua .l!v pue ayou paseaJsnI - 1 slu~~n~jsa~'sdoqs jo 101 e - LI! 1117 1.1 JO)a= sa!l!.\!lsv uo!jsn.~lsuospup uo!l~~iussa .pvo~aqljo sap!s qloq ~auaql iq pas8lda.1 7~0.~1L~IE~ pue sa~npn~ls Bu!~ls!lomap 01 anp as!ou pup ~snppasva.1su1 - uo sa.lnlsnns puv sasnoq JO .i~!suapq8!~ - aq ll!.\i peo.1 Zu!ls!sa asvzld uop.711rlsuo2 uo!~euodsue~l~o.Q!suap uln!pald - aql - n3ueA 11al;nd~ 2+ ylor I!*!a payluap! slaodur~ 1 sajno~jo suo!l!puoa Bu!ls!ra jo Lsurmn~ 1 jo juaurale~uo!laa~I dno~t) 1 aseyd uo!~e~adopue UO!J~~JJSUO:,UOJJ pa~e~a~a6 spedur! leJuaLuuoJ!hua6u!uaa~3~ :peg alqel .rnnno lou saop j~udzu!s!z/j YIIIOA~S!ZII 01 as013 l1alv.7ol aj!s lvrttll11~/ln3!ro~s1t/,Ctm ~ous! arailj sap IE.III~~II~/~V~!JO~~uo luair1~13~0.13~3 tro!1s!rrb3v yuvl ar!rrbar //!MIVUV~ s!z/j sea~e~e!luap!sa~ uo n"u!sso.lj .rrrmo jou saop ,13~dui!s!i/j 'd110ro0 s!z/l ol asoln 1)ajv3ol varv palmlord hvloll s! arallj s~a~e1~!80103a ~UE IFJII~~U uo li1ai~1~13vo.1~~3 pue3 qu!y .rrrnno loti saop pudur! s!z/j .dtionoQs!z/l oj asup 1)alunol alp lt~a~qrr~/~vn!ro~s!rlfrm ~ou s! arallj says 1e-111l1n3/1e3!~ol~!1l110 ~U~UI~~BOI~U~ (PRO-'!Fq'>I qu!N uo!j!s!rrhnu ytivl arpbar /I!M.yvuu3 //v sea~ele!)i~ap!sar uo su!sso~!ql uain8~)a;~ auel .rrr3no lotr saol) pvdurf s!qj .rillor3 pu~IVLIKI suoonl mey~ s!;ltll or as013 yalr)nol varv l)aj3ajord .4u1)jau s! arailj seam 1e3!8olo3a PLIFIBJII~BU 110 JU~UI~~BGJ~~I~puv ; LIB 1 pue~q- LIB^ .rrrmo lou saop pudzu! s!qj -cirluro0 s!z/l ol as013 yalvnq a!!s ~vr~~~l~r~/~v~~rosz;Cuv sap ~e~nlln3/1e3!.101"!yuo luaurq seo~xq uo!l!s!rrb2r1 yuvl ar!~~har -rnmo jau saop lauueq3 aqy !e3 pu8 s!i/l oj as013 paj11~01varu s!z/j ol isoln yalnnol narv papalord ,CUI) jou s! arailj Sal!S [k?.IIl~lIl3//l~j!.lo]$!qUO ~UdUl1[3FOJ311~ .no!l!s!nbse puel a~!nba~ii (jot auq aql s8a~e~~!~~~ap!sa.~.uo ~LI!SSOJ~ - -rrr.l.lo jou saol) lnvdiu! s!i/j *dt~oroY 00 1auEl - s!z/j ol asoln pslv3ol varn pal.7alord ;iuu iou s! arall~ sea& les!%olosa pue p2.1nluu rro luaii1qs~o.1su2 81~3- "3 UEA uain8~ - uo!lenlP;Ay -aid ja~dur~ dno~t) I-- aseyd uo!~~n~~suo3-a~duo s~3edur! leJuawuoJ!Aua 6u!uaa~3g:c-g alqel VIETNAM C!RBAN UPGRADING PROJECT - CANT140 SUB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 Environmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) length) - there are one main road namely Thai Vien construction equipment Chau and man! small lanes with the width - Generated domestic maste from \\orhers ranging from 3 - 10 m connecting to proposed - Traffic obstacles along the road routes - 7 eniporaq flood during rains - Width of road is about 171n - Leakage of residual oil - There are a few utilities located on the - Risk of accidents constructed side. - Possible cracking of adjacent buildings due to deep excacation of foundation for apartment blocks Operc~tionbh r~se - Stagnation of seuage. odor proble~ns - -- Odor during sludge dredging CrviT8 - The existing - Low density of transportation Constrnction phclse road will be replaced by - Proposed route located in pavement with low - Increased dust and noise due to earth k~orkexcavation and construction riew one (of 1,3 km in densib of houses and structures activities. Icngtli) - Width of road is about 33m - lncreased noise and air emission from transportation vehicles and - Road is asphalted construction equipment. - The underground utilities located close to - Traffic obstacles along the road project routes include communicatior, cable - Generated domestic waste from workers and water pipelines. - Temporaq flood during rains - Air quality is good. - Leakage of residual oil - Risk of accidents - Possible cracking of adjacent buildings due to deep e~cavationof foundation for apartment blocks Operation plicise - Stagnation of seuage. odor problenls - Odor during sludge dredging -- -- Lane #300 - The - Lon densitj of houses and structures Construction phczse existing canal will be - Lou density of transportation - Increased diis: and noise due to earth work excavation and constructior, replaced by new culvert - Width of lane is about 12 m including 3rn of activities box (530m in length) canal \\ idth. - Impacts related to sludge excavation. - Underground utilities include nastewater - Generated domestic b~astefrom workers pipes of houbeholds connecting to the e~isting - Temporary flood during rains canal - Waste uater run-off - Water canals are seriously polluted b) - Leakage of residual oil organic matters and colifor~n. - Risk of accidents Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 19 VIETNAhl URBAN LIPGRADINGPROJECT - CANTHO SUB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 Environniental Impacts Assessment (EIA) odor surrounding the canals Operation phase - Stagnation of se~vage,odor problem - Odor during sludge dredging - Generate pollutant load at outlet new drainage system Cau Chua Cau Chua canal. branch - High densitj of houses and structures Constri~ctionphase and Son L1 - The existing canals - Water canal is blocked and seriousl\ - Increased dust and noise due to earth morh elcavation and construction canals I nil1 be replaced bj neb\ polluted by organic matters and coliform activities culvert box, . 1 - Water canal can not be used for any - lrnpacts related to sludge excavation. '+- '+- Son canal - the existing 1 economic objectikes. - Generated domestic waste from ~borkers canals \\-ill be replaced - There are several snall lanes ~biththe nidth - Temporary flood during rains by a nem culvert box of 2-3 m connecting nith existing canals. - Waste Lvater run-off - There is Pham N~LILcto road connecting - Leakage of residual oil with canals. - Risk of accidents Operation phase - Stagnation of sewage, odor problem in manhole - Odor during sludge dredging Cau Chua canal - - Medium density nf households Constrr~ctionphrise branch 2 - The existing - Water canal is stagnant and seriously - Increased dust and noise due to earth work excavation and construction canal will be improved. polluted by organic matters and coliform activities - Water canal can not be used for any - Impacts related to sludge excavation. economic objectives. - Generated domestic waste from ~vorkers - There are many small lanes ~viththe width of - Temporary flood during rains 2-3 In connecting ~viththe existing canals. - Waste Lvater run-off - Leakage of residual oil - Risk of accidents Operation phase - Stagnation of sewage, odor problems - Odor during sludge dredging - Generate pollutant load at outlet discharged waste ~vaterin to Cai Khe canal. - An Nghiep market located is in the northern Constrr~ctionphase banks of the existing bank of the canal - Increased dust and noise due to earth work excavation and constr~~ction canal will be improved. - Existing road situated on the southern banh activities is 2-3 m \\ ide and used as walk road. - Generated domestic \baste from norkers - This canal section is used for mater - Waste \\ ater run-off Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 20 VIETNAhl I'RBAh LIPGR-\DING PROJECT - CANTHO SUB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 Emironmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) transportation. - Leakage of residual oil - The nater canal is slightlq polluted bq - Risk of accidents organic matters because it currently receives Operation phase \baste \Later from the surrounding residential - Stagnation of senage, odor problems areas. - Odor during sludge dredging Ban-branch Ban canal - branch I : - Medium densitj of houses and structures Cortstt~ictionphlise f and 3 and The existing canal nil1 - The canal is connected nit11 Mau than and 3- - Increased dust and noise due tb earth norh exca~ationand construction Tharn Tuong be improved 2 road from 3 endpoints. activities canal - Water canal is stagnant and seriousl> - Generated domestic naste fro111 norkers pollute:! br organic matters and coliform. - Waste water run-cff - The both eildpoints of the canal are - Leakage of residual oil connected with Mau Than and 3-2 roads - Risk of accidents Operation pltase - Stagnation of sewage, odor problems - Odor during sludge dredging Ban canal - branch 2: - Density of houses and structures on both Constr~lctionpltase The existing canal \\-ill banks of the canal is medium - Increased dust and noibe due to earth work exca~ationand construction be replaced bj culvert - The eliding canal runs across residential activities box areas - Generated domestic \baste from norkers - The water canal is stagnant and seriously - Waste water run-off polluted by organic matters and coliform - Leakage of residual oi! - One endpoint of the canal is connected \\ ith - Risk of accidents Ngujen Viei Hong road Operation plime - The cuiTeni \\ idth of the canal varies from 3 - Stagnation of sewage, odor problems - 5 m. - Odor during sludge dredging Tharn Tuong canal-the - Density of houses and structures on both Constrilction phase canal \\\.-ill be improved banks of the canal is high - Increased dust and noise due to earth fiork excavation and construction - The existing canal runs across residential actib ities areas - Impacts related to sludge excavation. - The water canal is stagnant and seriously - Generated domestic waste from morkers polluted by organic matters and coliform - Temporarq flood during rains - The startpoint of the canal is connected with - Waste tvater run-off hlau Than road. The endpoint is connected - Leakage of residual oil \\ it11 Can Tho river. - Risk of accidents 1 - The cui-rent ~vidthof the canal varies from / Operation pltase Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 2 1 VIEThAbI URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT - CAhTHO SUB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 En\ironmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) - Stagnation of senage. odor problems - Odor during sludge dredging - Generate pollutant load at outlet discharging naste nater in to Can Tho river. Lane 73B Lane 73B (Ngi~qenThi - Densib of houses and structures on this Constrzrction pltnse (Nguyen Tlii Minh Khai road) route is high - Increased dust and noise due to earth nark esca\.ation and construction Minh Khai - The'existing canal runs across residential activities ~oad) areas - Impacts related to sludge excrlbation. , - The nater canal ii stagnant and seriouslj - Generated domestic uaste frohi ~vorkers i polluted bq organic matters and coliform - Terr?;;orary flood during rains - This lane is connected with Nguyen Tlii - Waste water run-off i Minh Khai and Chau Van Liern roads. - Leakage of residual oil - Risk of accidents Operirtion phase - Stagnation of sewage, odor problem I - Odor Curing sludge dredging - Generate pollutant load at outlet new drainage system Cau Kinh Cau Kinh canal- open - Density of houses and structures on both Construction plt nse I canal canal \\ill be improved banks of the canal is high - Increased dust and noise due to earth n.ork excavation and constructio!: ; - The existing canal runs across residential activities I I areas - Impacts related to sludge excavation. - The existing canal is blocked by solid waste. - Generated domestic ~vastefrom workers - The water canal is serious!^ polluted. - Temporary flood during rains - This canal can not be used for any domestic - Waste water run-off demand. - Leakage of residual oil - Risk of accidents Operation pltnse - Stagnation of sewage, odor problems - Odor during sludge dredging - Generate pollutant load at outlet discharging kvaste kkater in to Can Tho Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 22 VI E'I'NAM IJI 6.2. Environmental Impacts Assessment As scrceried in tables 6.3 and 6.d, almost all of tlie impacts geuerated from tlie project perfomance are short-ter~ii,~iiinor andlor ~liedi~~riia~id mitigable. Therefore, in this part of tlie chapter. tlie detail assessmcnt on these inipacts screened will be provided. 6.2.1. Pre-construction stage Relocatio~iand rcsettlcnient so~iieti~ncscauses tlie contradiction of race, culture or religion between newly settled people and local ~csidenlsand eve11 tlic confict of ownership (according to each ~iatiori's private custo~n)becat1~c 01' socio-eco11011iicbenefits, resource benefits (water, soil. forest. aquatic product. etc). Tlie total nuriiber of PAtls is 933 in which 618 liouseliolds are permanently affected and 3 15 liouscliolds arc te~npo~!rily:it'fectcd. On average. each household has 5.2 people. Based on tlie statistical data provided by tlie local autliority and field survey report, at least 250 liouscliolds of llic total 6 I8 permanently affected households use their lio~nesas busi~iessplaces creating ~najorinco~iies for their families. These Iio~~selioldsarc mainly located along Cai Klie canal (surrounding An Ngliiep ~iiarket) and at tlic beginning of lalie #300. Tlie compensation and resettlement in tlicsc aieas rcquire higher costs and cffo~lsIhr conducting liouseliolds'income recovery ~~rograrii~ne.Per~iianc~itly affected liouseliolds ill otlier areas are mainly situatcd in s~nnllalleys (such as Ban, Tliam Tuong. Cau Cliua. C;iu Kilill canals). ~iiostlyLIS~II~ their lio~iicsas residential places. ~'IILIS, rescttle~iic~itfor tlicse Iio~1se11o13~will be casier. L~rrltl~I~LII~LIIICC: For a ncw co~istruction, land clearance is a very complicated issue that causcs disorder in tlie affected pcople's rnind. According lo the field survey. there are 978 prqjcct ai'fected households (PAHs), includi~ig: - Land tenure and liousc: tliere are 878 PAI-Is, including 276 temporarily PAHs and 61 l pcrnia~ienllyPAI-Is. The pe~.ma~ientlyPAI-is are ~nainlylocated along tlie project canals. - Agricultural land: there are about 12 I'AHs whose land will be acquircd by tlie project proposcd $;onstructions. Table 6.5: Summary table of affected residential land W;rrds in project Parameter An Hung Thoi Xuan ~~t~,l Tlioi Loi Binli Klia~ili Number households 160 114 78 40 29 342 897 Average 7 arealliouseliold 44.6 17 28.9 59.9 10.8 6.15 -- -. Total area of land I --T Table 6.6: Summary table of affected houselconstruction LII 7 Warcls in project Total ---- Tlianglong Infrastructure I)evelopme~it.ISC.(Infra-TllangLong) C:liaptcr 6 - 23 VIIJTNAM IJRIIAN I II~(;I panmeter-~~~~~[ 1 loa Lac Nghiep I'liu 'Tlioi Loi Binli Klianli I I Number of households 3 1 102 183 120 27 3 1 29 364 887 75.39 37.06 55.2 76.3 51.57 20.56 46.73 66.19 2,035 2.335-.- - 10,100 9,124 1,392 637 1,355 24,093 51,071 ------. -- - Based on tlie survey rcsults conducted by the social team of Thang Long JSC., 91 % (556 Iiouseliolds) of tlie total resettled Iiouscholds had tlie demand of participating in tlie resettlement plan of the projcct and 9% (55 liouscl~nlds)proposcd to find new residential places by tliemselvcs. As the pro-ject is li~lldcdby tlie World Bank. associatcd witli tlic requirements of environmental safeguard policy. there is also a distinguished content concerning with "the preparation ol'rescttlement plan" for PAl-is. l'his plan is prepared by social specialists. PAHs werc surveyed on their socio- economic status (incomc, cml~loyment.etc) as well as were consulted about their tinancial capacity and dcmands. Reside. .. tile prc!ject also develops the Component #3 - Construction of Resettle~ncnt Area witli a comprcl~e~~sivcinliastructural systeln (sucli as electricity, road. scliool, station. ~narkctand so 011). Project affcctcd liouscl~oldsof pliasc I have cxprcssed their satisfactio~~on living conditions at new locations. I'MI~Jand stakellolder also gained ~nucliexperience from compensation. land clcarallce and resct~lementprocc;;~ of pliasc 1. In spite of the ~.elntivclyhigh number of PAtls of phase 2, this impact can bc lnitigatcd through active prcpnratio~~stcps of PMU and rclevant stakeholders. 6.2.2. Cot~structionstage 6.2.2. I. Air pollirtiorr Air qilality will be evaluated by parameters sucli as dust and exhausted gas including C02, N02, SO2 and IiC. Dust could be generated tiom tlicse following sourccs: - Dust produced during land clearance. pal-tial or complete destruction of structi~resand worlts located witl~i~ithe corridor of investment lines. 'l'lie demolished volu~neis esti~natcd to bc 18,540 m' (approximately 30 m7/liouseliold). Generated dust is about 1 - 100g of dust particles/ I m' excavated soil wliicl~arc much less rather tlian construction waste. It means that tlie total gcncratcd dust in tlic air will be about 18.000g mainly stemming i'rom 3 invcsted canal system (group 2, 3. 4). As cxpcricnce learnt from othcr pr(?iqcts. tlic total time for land acquisition and site clearance is estimated to taltc at least 6 months. Hy si~~~plccalculation, the gencrated dust per day will be 100 g and widely dispcrscd to large area of prqjcct. It could be concludcd Iliat tlic clcvation of dust stc~nmcdfrom sitc clearance prncetlure is minor. 111 worsc case that the dust levcl is higher than standard. it will only take 2 or 3 days. - Dust produced fi-o~l~transportation of construction materials (especially sand and stone) and constri~ctionwastc/\ludgc and excavated soil in and out of' construction sites. Tlic total excavated sedimcnt is estiniated to be about 12000m' and that of' the same volume of matcrials will bc transported to co~~slructionsitcs. On average. tllcrc will bc 3 to 6 vehicles coming in and out of each constructio~isite (i.cfcr to table 6.7 below). Table 6.7: Estimated number of vehicles in operation during construction stage -- --- 'I'otal Volume Number Excc Vehicle I'roj ect volume of of of on depth iltio~i per day routes (m) excavated constructi veliiclcs * * time (round) L soil (1n3) 011 Tlianglong Infrastructure Development .ISC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 24 V1 E'I'NAM IIRl3AN III'(iRAU1NG PROJECVI' - CANI'I-I0 SIJB-PR0.1 ECT Coml)onent 2, ph;~se2 E~tvi~~ottmert:tl11n0:tcts Assessrrtcr~t(EIA) 5 2000 2000 I000 -365 (3) 2.7 20 750 4500 4500 2250 365 -- Ban 7, 0.2 6 470 564 564 282 365 (1) 0.8 Ban I .' 0.5 11 500 2750 2750 1375 365 (4) 3.8 +-Cat1 60 0 300 365 (1) 0.8 Cliua 1 -- 0.2 6 500 600 ~~ZOO0.7 5 530 530 530 265 I80 (2) 1.5 CMT8 0.2 -7 1400 560 560 280 180 (2) 1.6 Nguyen Van C 11 -- - 180 (I) 1.0 '-152 '-152 --- - 1 1 1 Lanc 72B ------1 1808 11808 Total ------. Source: tlie calculation developed by EIA consulta~lt *: Excavation depth estimated by cross section coliiparison bctween existing and proposed routes. **: Vehicle with tlie load under 5 Tons. In ri~sI~-l~ourof construction scliedule, tlie number of vehicles mobilized is 2 or 3 times liigller than norliial Iiours. It shows that tlie dust generated fro111 tliis sourcc will bc not liigl~in case of that all operation vcliicles neecl to be covercd carefully during transpol.tation roads. - Dust could be generatcd by several other sol.lrces such as i'i~gitivedust due to movement of' transportation vehicle. dust dispersed by wind. dust from activation of heavy construction vchicles and equip~iiclit..etc.. I lowcvcr. tlie generated dust i'rolu tliis source is liegligible and considered as environmental l-isl,. Dust will have direct effects on workers at tlic site, making it inconvenience to daily activitics of neighboring liouseliold~.As tlie project construction is mainly executed in separated areas protected by f'enccs. elevation of' dust will possibly occur on prqject routcs w1ie1.c tlie existing ones will be improbed such as Cacli Mal~gTliang 8. Nguyen Van CLI or tlie main road connecting directly \bit11 ilpgraded calials (3-2 Koad, Mait 'Than road, 30-4 road ect..) in which Nguyen Van Cu will be ilncler higliest threat. Gas exliai~sted; Gas esliausted from project implementation includes parameters such as CO:, NO?, SO1 and tlC. These kinds of gascs ~nainlyemitted fi-o~ntlie engine of machines and traffic veliicles inside andlor surrouliding construction site. Following is tlie activities (as the time) generating bad odour and dust during project implement,A t'1011: - Dust and odoul. generated fian activities of vehiclc transporting co~lstrt~ctionma~erials f'rom production placcs to construction site. - Odour generated fron~activities ofexcavators, graders. earthmovers, talnpers with the load oi' 6-8 ton\ and 10- 12 tons. elc.. - Besidcs. activities of manual equipment alidlor of workers such as worker's cooking and waste burning can also CSLISC' air polltltion. The projecl affected pcople are mainly constructio~lworkers and pcople living within tlie distance of 10 - 20111 away fron~cbnstruction sites. However, the current air quality in tlie project routes is quite good. exccpl k>r had smell on tlic existing canals. Thc number of vehicles and cquiplnent mobilized in each construction site is not high, varying from 3 - 5 licavy vehicles (35T in weight). Similar to dust issues, tlic gas ealiausted fi.om construction veliicles and cquipmcnt is still milch lower than tlie standard. This impact cotlld be evaluated as ininor and mitigable. VIEI'NAM U RUAN IIl'(iRAI)IN(; PRO.1 ['C'I' - :',4Nr''I I0 OIJ u-l'ilo.ll,C T Component 2, p11;lsc 2 E~l\.i~.~n~~~cntirl1rnl)acts Assess~~~crlt(E1Eiii) Noise and vibration Noise and vibration will bc generated mainly by big const~.uctionequip~iicnt (excavators, bulldozers, concrete misers etc.), fixed eqi~iprne~ltas point sources and the tra~lsportatioli vehicle tlcets transporting niatcrials out/in tlie site as area sources within a narrow area. It is also caused by dcniolishing undcrg~wu~idworks. As calculatetl in table 6.7, there are about 3 - 6 vehicles operating in each construction site. This number of vehicles will not generate mi~clinoise. In fact, noixe is mainly gcllcratcd by operating bulldozers. concrete misers and transportation means with noise level of' 0 1.5 - 73 dBA within 1 Om radius around const~.uctionsites. The esist~ng~ioise levcl 1s much lower than tlic standard. Noise generated by tri~ckis estimated to be 68 dBA within 101n radius and 62 d13A wi$l~in20m radius. TIILIS noise levcl at tlie pro-ject affected areas is still belou thc standard. -This impact is minor and mitigatable. [)itring construction, tlic sewage generating source is mainly from concrete maintaining, construction equipment cooling. and workers' sewage at work p-pp--pWorkers' domcstic sewage Domestic waste water l'rom worker contains a lot of suspended substance, organic substance. sedimeiil and microorganisin, etc. For domcstic sewage. it mainly contains sediments. suspended substances (SS), organic coliipound (BODJCOD). nutrients (N. P) and microorganisms. According to the statistical calculation, the total load of pollutcd sirbstance per person discharged into tlie environlnent every day (without any treatment) has bee11dcfined in Table 6.8. Table 6.8: Contents of pollutants in domestic waste water I Pollutant Quantity (glpersonlday) BOI>i COD SS Total N Total P I'otaI Col i.fi>r~ii 1 0" - 10" Feacal Colill.~ii S'our.c.c>:Dc)/~trr*lr~~r~~/ of'Scier~ce tr11d T(~r*l~iro/op(EIA,fi,i. AYcjKo entei*/)l.ise,l Y05) TIILIS, tlic load 01' polluted .;ubstnnce in domcstic sewage pcr a construction unit (for 100 workers) is estimated as in 'l'ablc 6.9: Table 6.9: Content of pollutants in domestic waste water (calculated per 100 people) Pollutant Content (kglday) 7.2 - 10.2 'TSS 7.0 - 14.5 Total N 0.6 - 1.2 Total P 0.08 - 0.4 - - Tlianglong Infrastructi~reDevelop~nent JSC.(lnfra-TlrangLoug) Chapter 6 - 26 As shown in the table above, domestic waste watcl- alter treated by scptic tanks in construction conlaills BOD5 contc~itexceeding 2.2- 2.6 times the rlornl and TSS content exceeding 2.2- 4.6 times tlie norm. Wastc water generated from constructio~iactivities Co~lstructionwastc water sucli as raw niaterials, wasliing water, niacliine and equipnicnt sanitizing watcr. concrete maintaining water with tlie liigli content of suspcnded substance and organic substance will cause pollution to receiving areas. Because of iliat ilic p~.c!jcct construction is mainly exccutcd section by section. Therefore, generated impacts will occur discontinuously at tlic same poilit but depend on practical plan of contractors. 'l71iemain part of proposed co~istructionis canal improve~iient.especially of Cai Klie canal (tlie largest canal belonging to the pro.jeet) where the banli is str~~ctulcdby loosing materials. llie worl\load OF construction is so Inrgc and construction activities to so~iieextends will create environmental impacts to watcr quality such ai risc of turbidity, oil spill, decrease of pli and so on ... Thus, comparing with tlie environmental mo~iitoringI-esults in canals (chapter 2), tlie prospeclive sewage volume during construction will have pollution level similar to tliat of tlie curent canals. Applied calculation model (specifically nientioned in item 6.2.3.1). tlie change of polluta~itscontent after outlct (within tlic boundary of 20m) is below 3% during co~istluctionphase. However. this impact is short-term and could be avoided if waster water in these i~pgradedcanals is pu~iipedto Cantlio river at the timc ol'liigli tlow. Inipact on grou~idwatercjuality In general. tlie construction deptli is frorii I to 3m. There o~ilyfcw borelioles sucli as concrete pole suppo~tingfor the local bridge possibly reach tlie deeper layer. Meanwhile, tlie ~iiainaquifer of Can Tho city is situilted at tlie deptli of 70 - 170 111 (QII-Ill aquifer). Tlius, tlie project execution does not create any impact to tlie quality and reserve of g~.oundwater. 6.2.2.3. Solirl wrrsfc~ . *There are three main solid waste sources: (i) solid waste fr-on1 Iiouse demolition; (ii) do~nesticwaste from workers ant1 (ii) escavated sediment. excluding surface sludge polluted. Solid waste fro111Iiouse dc~nolition: Solid waste generated fi-om liousc de~ilolitio~isucli as soil, rock, sludge and redundant or spilled ~iiaterial,domestic waste) arise during site clearance process. l'liere are about 6 18 permanently project affected liouseliolds of wliicli 41.5% (256 houses) is te~nporary~tr~~cti~rc. 32.2% (205 liouses) is pent-roof, and 10.1% (63liouses) is medium level. On average. eacli Iiousehold mill be acquired an area ol' land of 42 111' and tliat of floor of 57.5 ~n'.The demolished volume is estimatcd io bc 18,540 m7(approximately 30 m'lliouseliold). This waste co~iiponclitis ~iiainly[lie residue of dalriaged co~isll-uctionsucli as lime, broken brick wliicli . are nontoxic a~idcan be directly i~sedas landtilli~igmaterials or even partially re-used in eonstructio~i sites. Domestic wastc from worker Accordi~igto tlie cslimnlion, eacli worker at tlie project arca drops 0.5+ 0.75 kg do~nesticwaste every day. The volu~neof de)~iicsticsolid waste will be 150-250 kg/day(about I00 workers1 1 pacliage x 3 Tlianglong Infrastri~cturcDevclop~nent JSC.(Infra-TliangLong) Chapter 6 - 37 VILI'NAM IJIII3AN III)(;IIAL~lNCi PIIOJEC'T - C'AN71'I10 SCI 13-l'R0.I ECT Coml)oncot 2, p11:lse 2 Environolcn tal 1mp;lcts Asscssmtnt (El/\) packages). Of wliicli, 60-70% of tlie waste is organic substance, 30-40% is other colnponents. In general. tlie volu~ne01' do~iiesticwaste contains a lot ol' o~galiicsubstances. which are easily disintegrated (except packing, nylon). This volume i~ not large and easily collected through tlie existing waste collectio~iservice of tlie Urban Environment Company. Disposal of excavated sedi~iicnt 'The dredged sedi~iient\olume is cillculated based on tlic Ic~igtli,the width and tlie depth of dredging sediments l'ollowcd rcquircment for technical speciticatio~isof construction. The total volunie of excavated scdirnent i~estimated to be about 12,000 m3, in which the pollutccl sludgc accounts for 5 pcrcent, cquivalcnt to 600 m3 (refer to table 6.7). Regarding lo cxcacated sediliient with tlic volume of 11.400 m' which are not polluted, it could be considered as ~nater~alsre-used for land tilling. During the pro-ject preparation process, several potential sites surrounding urban areas should be taken into account. Due to rapid urbanization process of Cali Tho city. the change of land ilsc purpose l'som agricultural to tenure land has created a Iii~ge demand for land tilli~ig.It i~easily recognized that there arc many areas situated in Cai Klie. Hung Loi wards etc which arc Ihrmerly agricultural land, ponds andlor crop-tields but no longer used fhr cultivation. I'liis is more convcnicnl fhr contractor to tilid tlie solution for sediment disposal issue?. Besides, many i~noccupiedland areas can be easily recognized along National road 91 B. These areas are located Far away i'~onircsidenlial areas and being levelled. 'l'liese areas can be co~isideredas the good choice fhr proccss of excavation material removal because oftlie fhllowing reasolis: - The road align~ne~ilru~is fic)~ii 3014 road. through Quang Trung bridge and following Nl19 1 B wit11 tlie total length of nboi~t5-6km from tlic city center; - There are on-going constn~ctionworlis along tlie national road to be located far awn) f'ro~n run-offwnte~'\ourcc witli low traffic density, sparse population. Currc~itly.sollie areas are bcing used as levclli~~ggrou~id and disposal siles of excavated soil i-ro~nol lier works (see figures 6.1 below) Figure 6.1: Location of potential disposal site along NH9OB and related photos Tlianglong Infrastruclure I)evelop~nentSSC.(lnfra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 28 VIE'I'N AM IJR13AN III'G RALIING PR0.I I;C"I - ('AN'I'I I0 SI IU-I'RO.lEC1 Component 2, pl~:~sc2 Envit-on~nentalIml)acts Assessr~~ent(EIA) ---- Environmental assessment on potential disposal sites for excavated sediment will be provided in table 6.10 as below: Table 6.10: Environmental impacts assessment for disposal sites 1 Potential impi~cts 1 Description 1 Evaluation and suggestion 1 1 Air pollution 1 - Dust and bad odor cxliaustcd This impact is minor and short-term because the polluted surl'ace layer is removed. Watcr pollution (both - I,eacliate fi-om eacnvntcd ~edi~iielitTliis impact is medium and long- of groundwater and penetrating into adjacent water term but mitigated by follo~ving surface water) rcservoir lead to the hater polluted by requirement: the increase of B0D5. COD and - Ihe excavated sediment should be col i l'orm para~iieter. dried before transpol-ting and dclivcring - The dumping site neecl to bc isolated to surroundi~ig water ~xceiver V1 ETNAM IIRUAN IIY;I Tlic ground of should be improved in order to reduce the vertical penetration capacity. - l'ublic health is\uc - I,oc:ll people exposed to bad odor As learnt from phase 1, this impact cniission from dunipi~igsite, is minor. The selected dumping site should be located 1 fioni residential areas (at least 300 ni) and restricted to local peoplc. - Impact of animal and insect existing l'lie weather of Cantho city is very in the site may result in disease and hot witli tlie low humidity. It is not annoyance to local people. convenient condition for the growth of bacteria and insect. The density of people surrounding potential dl~rnpi~igsitcs is not high. *II~ercforc, this impact is mitigable. Regarding to 600 m' of surface layers of sediment which are seriously polluted. tlie detail assessment will bc provided in item 0.2.2.9. 6.2.2.4. Lerrlirrge of re,sirlrrrrl oil rrrrrl grerrse Residual oil shall bc gcnc~.atcdfro111 preparation or cquip~ncntmaintenance process witli an average amount of grease to be clianged fr.o~iieacli construction machine is some 71 per eacli change lor every 3-6 months. In case of leakage from tlie residual oil and grease storage or overtlow watcr togctlic~.with oil from construction cquip~ne~ittlie water and ground environment would be polluted. Tliereforc, the btrict g~~idn~iccfor ~iianaging residual oil needs to be provided to contractor during construction pliasc. l'lic contractor is warnid not to conduct equipment and vehicle maintenance tasks riglit at construction sites. especially at po\ition close to open canals. During construction pliasc, partial tlooding could happen because some pro-ject canal sections are goi~igto be blocked. Wastewater fiom constructior~sitcs ;l\sociated witli wastewater fi-om liouseliolds located on canal hanks etc.. . co111dcreate a largc volu~ncof run-off watcr. Regarding to projcct canals including LaneiY300, Ban, So~i.Cau Kinli witli a small width ranging l'rom 3 - 5 m wlicre tl~ccurrent Ilow is very sloiv, tlic contractor can easily tind out temporary way for discharging water during constructio~iprocess. Tliis i~iipactis minor and mitigable. For other canal5 sucli a\ 1Iia~ii Tuong, Cau Chua wit11 the curre~itwidtli varying from 8 - 20 m, tlie contractor is reql~iredlo develop a temporary drainage system witli the support of high-capacity p~~~npingin order to a\surc tliat tlooding can not happen especially in rainy season. For tlie CMTX a~idNguyc~i Van Cu routes, tlie existing drainage system will bc replaced by a ~iewone. 77I liercfore. tl~ccolitraclor is also required to develop technical solutions lbr rc~iiai~iingthe Ilows in drain hct\vcc~ico~it~~t~cri~ig scctions and the rest. The lesson draw11 fio111otlicr dl-ainagc upgrading pro-jects shows tliat tliis inipact often occurs duc to insufticienl capacity ol' tlie dcsigncd pumping system. 'l'his rcquirenicnt needs to be added to bid docunient for constl-uciion contract packages. 7Tl~anglongInfrastructure Uevclopmcnt .lSC.(lnfra-ThangLong) Chapter 6 - 30 VIETNAM II KHAN III'(;RADIN<; PRO,IECFI' - ('AhITI LO SIJU-I'R0.I 1,CT Conioo~~ent2, pl~asc 2 Environmental In11):1cts Asscssr~ler~t(T!A) ------ 6.2.2.6 Socio-eco~ro~ttici~tyrrdcts Impact 011 inconie a~uc>bof local people As screened, local peoplc lived on northern sidc of Nguyen Van Cu road will bc strongly impacted during construction stage. l'liis impact is unavoidable but to be mitigated if tlie routes will bc constructcd by various sections witli eacli section length of lower than 30m, instead of long section. -7I lic contractor is required to cstablisli tlie tempora~yaccess road for households located close to construction fcncc. In convenient condition, civil work on eacli routes section can be completed lor a weck. In tliis casc. this impact is minor and mitigable. Disclosure of construction schedulc to local peoplc prior to constr;~ction commencement will cnablc them to develop tlicir own mitigation plan, tlii~sIiclpi~ig to I-educc tlic loss of income. Bcsides, relocation of Ari Ngliiep Market situated on the northern bank of Cai Khe canal will crcate some dit'ficulties to pcc.lplc doing business in tliis inarhct. Tlicrcforc, the relocation plan for An Nghiep Markct needs to bc coriipletcd prior to construction commencement. Traftic obstaclc Except Ngi~ycnvan Cu road and CMT8 road, all proposed carials are not used a.; trallic way. There are only a few walking road sections located right on tlie canal bank with tlie width of I111 tliat could be temporarily interrupted. 'l'lius. tliis ivnpact is negligible. Moreover. experience drawn fro111 other canal upgrading project5 in Victnam showed that Ilie canal after being tilled up witli ~naterialswill be used for daily traveling. 'This issue will possibly create dangers to local people. in case of tliat tlic construction site is not ~iia~iagedrestrictedly by contractor. Regarding to Ngi~ycnVan Cu and CMT8 roads, tlie constl.uclion sitcs are mainly locatcd on tlic existing pavement. Thus, tlic traftic obstacle is sliglit and ~iiitigatedif tlic road is properly divided into various sections witli tlie length varying fro111 30 to 30m. Tlic construction in one section has to be tinislied belore moving to others. T'rallic obstacles possibly occur on tlie main roads connecting with pro-ject canals (rel'er to table 6.4). Iio\vcvcr. tlic transpoltation dcnsity in tliese main roads is not liigli. These ~nairiroads could bc used for supporting constructio~iactivities. Onc traf'lic arrangement plan preparcd by contractors will be submitted to tlie l)cpart~iicntoS'I'ra~isportatiori for rcview and approval. Impact rclatcd to traffic obstaclc is evaluated as minor and mitigable. Sourcc of impacts to public health is tlie pollirtio~iof air arid water environment, noisc, vibration. trallic and industiial accidc~its.Workers at construction car1 gclieratc social diseases, social crin-rinals or contlict witli rcsitlcnt\. At'fectcd peoplc are construction worker and residents. Uuri~igconstruction. tlic pro.ject will gatlicr a great nu~nbcrof workcrs t7om other locatio~is.'l'lie workers will livc in canip:. locatcd sur~.oundingconstruction sites and discliargc sewage and waste water into tlic surrounding environment. l'lic accumulation of waste will create a dcvelop~iie~it environment for patliogcnous orga~iisniand insects (mouse, fly. mosquito, cockroach. etc) and incrcase tlie risk of diccases spreading to the community. ? - I lie odour finm sludge decomposition and the domestic solid waste witli create bad s~i~cll(H7S, NfI.,) threatening tlic people's health. The waste collection and treatment in worlter'scnmps often docs not rcacli the Iiygicne standarcl. Most of workcrs often disc1i:irge directly waste water into surrounding arcas, leading to pollution and bad- looking sceneq.. especially in calnps located close to areas Iiaving a liigli dcnsity of population. Besidcs. the poor awareness of'environmcntal protection arid habit of dumping solid waste illto canals can create additio~ialvolumc of wastc discliarging to constructio~isites during construction stage. In Tlianglong Inli-astructure Develop~nentJSC.(lnfi-a-Tha~~gLong) Cliapter 6 - 3 1 this case, tlie contractor will not collect it. As a result, {lie constn~ctionsite will become a landfill and is seriously polluted. This issuc can bc solved by a close cooperation betwcen contractor and local autliorities. I - Change ol'watcr quality of canals during sludgc dredging process In order to cvaluate tlic content relation between water qi~dityand dredged activities, tlie analytical data prcscntcd in section\ 5.2.1 and 5.2.4 will be considered. There are 3 types of pollutants tliat could be generated liom c~cavatedsludgc: - (i) Ileavy metal: l'hc lnonitoring data ~clatedto sedi~nentquality has provcd that lieav~~nctal is abscnt in sedinicnt. clccpt fhr Zn. Therefo1.c. tlic dredged acti\ ities will not create any source Ihr increas~ngheavy mctal conlent in surf:lce wi~ter.llowevcr, tlie potential of cii\solvcd Zn iiom sediment e\cavatio~lprocess tliat causes water pollution and is Iiar~nKi~lto tlie public licaltli and ccos? stc~nol' tlic river WI l l be studicd Inore speci tically. - (ii) Redundancy of pesticides: Similar to licavy ~nctalconte~it. the abscncc of redundancy of pesticide can not create any effect to water quality duri~igdrcdging process. (iii) 'T'lle organic compound such as C. 1V. P: During drcdgi~lgproccss, tliesc compounds could be partly dissolvcd into water. lending to tlie increase in pollutant compounds. However, as co~~cluded ill cliaptcr 4, tlic pl.oposcd canals are now polluted seriously by organic compounds. l'he partial release of organic'compo~~ndsfro111 sedinicnt to water will not ~nalcca visible change oi' wiltel. quality. Morcovcr. tliat is tlic dredgccl activities wl~iel~will improve tlie canal water tlow. As a result. morc watcl. l'rom surroundi~lgwater bodies (especially from large canals and rivers) will gather into tlic canal and contribute to i~nprovingtlic water quality under tlic control of tidc and rain. Experie~~ccgd'ined l'rom phase I - Dredging sedi~ncntin Xang T'lioi Lake and Canal could be co~isideredas specilic cvidencc for this model (refcr to Monitoring Report No 1 and 2 preparccl by Independent Monitoring Consultant of phase I). According to experience gained fro111construction methodology ot'tcli applicd lor small canal iniprovcnlent pro.jects, tlic excavated canal will be divided into various sections. Prior to excavation, tlie telnporary dani will bc establislicd to isolale tlie excavated canal sections, then wastc water will be pumpcd into downstrean1 arcas. Tlic sedimcnt/sludge dreclged is mainly in dry situation. T~LIS,the potential of dissolving sedinicnt components (cspccially Zinc) into water is niinor. Impacts of handling and trxi~pd1Ii11~of IIic dredged sedi~iic~it: - D~edgcdsludge i\ liquid and casill leaked during handling, Icachate and leakage sludge witli high solid and lieavy metal content wliicll would rcturn and IC-pollute watcr. '1.0 educe inipacts to water qualitj, sludge shall be removcd by buckct and liandlc directly to truclc. To avoid risk oi' sp~llagcduring lia~ldling.the1 e are two mctliods tliat could be applied: Tlianglong lnfrastl.uct~~rcDcvclopmcnt JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Cliapter 6 - 32 (i) IYc/ IIICJI!IOL/: in this method. dredged sludgc will bc stored and trailsported in the tank truck fronr dredging to a disposal site. This method needs more transportatio~lvehicles than in dry method and the required area of the disposal site is also larger. In fact. this method is applied only in case there is no available space For drying bcd at thc dredging site. (ii) rnc)/l~o~/:dredged sludge will be temporarily stored at the site. let to dry up. and then transported 10 the disposal sitc. This method is more economical than the wet ~netliod, bccause it coiild educe needed vehicles. avoid In case, drcdgc sludgc'has sip11of pollution at disposal site (based on regular monitoring system) and should be relocated to standard landfill ill which Tan Long landfill should be taken into accou~lt. Figure 6.2: Location of Tan Long landfill and transport road alignment Note: Waste dumping road alignment l,ocatio~iofl'an Lorig landlil l Tan Long landfill: I'hung Iliep commune, Iiau Giang Province (under former Can Tho province): As stated in Decision No. 472IQD-CT.UB dated 2 1 " February 2002. Can 'Tho I~undfillat Tan Long communc, Phung Hicp ward, Can Tho city (nowly known as Hail Giang Province) was invested for construction and undcr ~nanagcnlentof Can Tho Urban Engineering Company. l'his la~idiillis located ill Tan Long commune, Pliuiig Iliep ward, closc to National road No1 and is 211a11 away l'rorn Can 7I > lio city center with tlic total designed area of 202,503111'. At prcsent. Urban Construction Company is VIEI'NAM IJI inviting bids for conulruction leaked water treatment system wit11 the capacity of 250m'lday & night. 'Tllis construction i\ expected to be completed within 12 ms~iths.After tlie completion of this system. the landtill can Iiave capability oi' receiving and treating dredged sludge from canals and culverts in [he city (attached in Annex No.... is the decision on cstablislimcnt of Tan Long landfill and noticc on bidding invitation lijr construction of waste watcr treatment system). If so. in necessar! c;i$e: tlie l'an Long la~idlillis selected as dumping site of excavated sludge. Impact to air condition in the landfill is slight. because the landtill is designed to meet tlie standard landtill n it11 a necessary b11fli.r zone and already facilitated with gases arid leacliate treatment measures. l'he landtill management agencies will be li111y respo~isiblcfor ensuring environmental protectio~iwithin boundary of landfill. Location of Tan Long landlill can be refcred iri figure 6.2. 6.2.3. Operation stage 6.2.3.1. Wcater clncali[l, rlegrtr(1t1tion irn crisc. of n~itlroutI Table 6.11: Content of pollutants in domestic water (calculated for each proposed canal) Proposcd routes (glpersonlday) beneficiary Minilnu Maximum ,,,,,-is ,,,,,-is 54 I Ball Canal Branch 1, 2 and Tliam Tuong Canal (group Cau Chua and Son Canals COD and So11Canals 1 1 648000- Van Cu. CMTS and I080000 1530000 I -- L~cnh 4000 288000 1 408000 TSS 70 - 15Rari Canal Branch I, 2 and 22,700 1589000 3291 500 -- Total N ,7I ham Tuong Canal Cali Chua and Son Canals 9000 54000 108000 Nguyen Van Cu. CMT8 and , 1 5000 90000 180000 Lane#3OO I Cau Kenh 4000 24000 1 48000 u0.8-&Calla Brii~icliI, 2 arid -- -- 22,700 18 1600 908000 Thanglong Infrast~.irct(~re1)evelcpineiit JSC.jlnfi-a-Tl~angLon~) Chapter 6 - 34 VAMA 1IIAIN IIOI - A I -110lC Component 2, pllase 2 Environmental I~npactsAuscssrme~~t (KIA) Tlia~iiTuo~ig Canal Cau Chua and So11Ca~ials --9000 72000 360000 1 ~gu~enVal1 Cu, CMl8 and 1 5000 120000 600000 ple#30o Call Kcnli ~OOOJ 32000 160000 Currently, main canals and drains receiving wastewater from residential areas are also seriously polluted with con(cnl of COD, BOU5, and Colilbnii many Limes higher than tlie standards (refer to Cliaptcr 4). In case 1.1ic1-cis no prqject. lcvcl of flow distribution can be bigger but all storm water and wastewater in tlic calclimcnts area also discharged illto tliesc ca~ials.Hence, clianges of wastewnler distribution in various"directions and collection at specitlc limes will not clia~igemi~cli regarding to water quality aficr disclia~.ged into the canals (becai~sctlie received water course is ovcr polluted). Calculation ol'pollution load as stated above will be tlie fi~ndamentalbasis to set up design options lor the sewer i~iterceptoras well as capacity of waslewatcr treatment plant in the filture. According to llie tong tern1 planning. industrial parlts, factories and production units will be moved oi~t of the inner City area of Cmi Tlio City andlor will have a wastewater treatment system to meet discliarge standards bclbrc being connected witli the conibined drainage system. Hence, in the above calculation the idcal condition is taken into :iccorlrlt \vitIiout consideration of production units and Factories. For clearly qi~antiliingtlie change of pollutant contents of recipient water bodies, the calculation (I) based on a well know11modcl has been implemented in Table 6.12 as below. Cc*Qc + Cr*Qr = Crn(Qt + Qk), (I) Table 6.12: Calculation of pollutant load of upgraded canal discharged to Can Tho river regarding to inconvenient condition (dry season) Numbcr of D-BOD Differ- ' Qd '' Or (11s) Cc Tliam Tuong 22.7CO 35 c:111;1Is 1 Notc: D-BOD: Total HOD daily discharged by person regarded tlie efticicncy of septic tank (glpersonlday) Qd: Total volume of waste water daily d~schargedby one person (Ilpersonlday) Qc: 'l'otal wastc walc~.collcc:ted by drainage systeni and discliargccl to Can 'I'lio river(l1s) Qr: Minimum flow ofCan Tlio River (11s) in dry season (most inconvenient case) Cd: ROD co~itentofwaxtc water that will be collected by drainage system (g/l) Cr: c'urrent BOD content of Cali Tlio river water (gll) Crn: BOD contcnl of rivcr watcr al'ler oi~tlet . . I lie calculation 01' 7'al1lc 6.12 showed that the impacts of waste water discharged from the projcct o~rtletsto Cali Tlio Rivcl is minor. varied fiom 0.1 to 0.8%. Tlic mininii~mof Hau river flow is 1970 rn'ls. 6-7 tilrics hig1ic1-than Can tlio river. It means that tliis impacts is ~liuclilower. Both two watcr intake of Water Supply Pla~itarc located on tlie upstream of :-la11 river and Can Tho river witli tlie distance ol.500 m (fro111 outlet of lane 300 to I Tlianglong Inli-aslructure 1)evelopmcnt JSC.(Irrfra-ThangLong) Cliaptcr 6 - 35 VNAMIAN I IANII'I - AN 10 S I-Il1'1 Coml)oneut 2, pll:lse 2 Envil-onrrrrnt:~l11np:lcts Asscssrncnt (EIA) watcr cluality afcr oullct of upgraded canal will no! create any significant impact to the operatio11 of water supply plants. 'l'liis dcgradatio~iof Can TI10 I iver water i:, also considered as short-term because tlie K1W pro-icct \vliicli are i~lidcrconstructio~i phase \fill bc collie into operation sooli (belbrc 201 0). The domestic \vastc watc~.vdill bc collected and deliucl.etl to water treatment plant beforc discharged to Hail and Cantlio rivcr. As a result, water discliargcd directly to Can Tho river fro111Tliam 'T'uong and Cau Icinh canal arc maillly storm water. -7I lie niain si~bsta~lccsgenerated iii the process of operating and ~iiai~itainingtlic drainage system includc somc odours gctti~igout from tlic manholcs on tlic networl<. Tlic Inail1 air cmissioli is I-lzS and some other kinds of g3ses. Tlic air emission is generated as a result of tlie digestion process of sewage ii.om tlie stagnated scdiment ill tlic isiterccptor and ~nanliolcs.especially in ilie dry scason. tlowever, comparing with thc c~ivironmentalcondition prior to project peribrmance, the air qi~alitywill bc improved co~lsiderably.When the KfW pro-ject is coliipletcd, tlie canal and drain will only rcccive rainy water and tlic S~I-ioilndingair will be refrcslicd. Process of pcriod.icall;, drcdgi~igsludge can crcate bad odour but only few days in a year for each routes. Moreover, tlic Urba~iEnvironme~ital Company was cquiped sufficcntly with tecliniqi~esand cqi~ip~iicntto mitigale tliese impacts. In order to crcatc effective arragc~ncntof I-esourccs (workforce and materials) satislying tlic dclnand of construction operiitio~iand maintancc, tlie content or the proposed project nccds to 'x*I)~.~)\idcd to tl~cUrban Manage~iic~itCompanies who arc in cl1al.g~of managing and operating tliese system as so011 as possible. This impact is ~iiinorand mitigated if tlic . capacity of Urban Ma~iagemcntCompany is si~llicientto lneet practical excavation demand. Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infr;t-ThangLong) CI1aptc1-6 - 36 VIETNAM URt3AIV I1I'C;RADING PROSECT - CANTHO SUt3-I'ROSECT Component 2. phase 2 Invironmentirl Iml~i~rtsAssessment (ISIA) CHAPTER 7 ALTERNATIVES 7.1. Without the project situation If tlic upgradation ofthc secondary inti-aslructure in tlie pro-ject areas is not be inlple~nented.there will appear main consequences as below: - Deterioration 01' the structures will continues and eve11 speeds up causing serious problems to drainage, sewerage, flooding and Ii>,gienic conditions. Living condition of the people is already unbearable and tlie situation will bcco~iieworsc if no improvement lial~pcns. - L,ack of pi-opcr drainage decreases the health situation continuously, but especially during flooding when waste \cater surging from tlie existing canals will deliver many sources of pollution tlircatcning to living conditions of the surrounding residential areas. Morcover. tlic population in tlie pro-jcct areas is increasing rapidly. It means that tlie existing canals cvliicli ;rrc"now overloaded with discharging capacity and quality will continue to receive biggcr and biggcr amount of domestic waste water. - It would be vcry dir'ficult to reach tlie targets ~nentionedin the City Master Plan and improce tlic living conditions of all citizens ofCan 'Tho city. 7.2. Environmental Assessment based on proposed technical options Proposed alter~iativcsof alig~l~nentsare featured with no big difference, mainly conccr~~i~lgwork , str~~cti~rcand scale without any proposed alternatives for new align~iie~its.Therefore. environmental evaluation will bc made based on specific impacts which may occurduring prqject construction and operation in lllc fi~turc. 7.2.1. B(III C(III(I/oil /)~(IIIC/I1 Ban canal. branch I (liom 3/2 Road to Mau Than road) is 777111long and 8111 wide in average (cvcn I m on some cnc~.oaclicdscction and 15111 on unoccupied seclion). Designed canalis opcn and sollie canal sections arc designed and a4justed lollowing 2 alternatives. Hydraulic factor was considered so as not to cause stagnant situation at i~pstreanlin heavy rail; (due to canal adjustment). lnvcstmc~~t Option 2 Comparison for Options untlcr con teut environmentnl point of view. Designing opcn Trapezii~~ll Rectangular Construction phase: calla1 cross-sect ion. section, vertical Option 1 has smaller co~lstluctionquantity, inclined stone rcinlhrccd lypical construction impacts on tlie slopc m = concrete (RC) c~~vironmcntlike dust, noise and opaque will 1.5; wall. be at lowcr ratc. Operalion pliase Option 1 can ensure s~iiootllflow without scdimcnts at vertical angles. S~~lallcanal scction and volume will not causc collapsc or erosion. Conclusion: Select Option I -- hDesi rning road Road o1'4m Road of 3,5m Constrilction phase: -- -- Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Cliaptcr 7 - 37 VIEI'NAM URBAN II I'CiRADINCi PUGSECT - CANTHO SUB-PROJECT Coml)onent 2, pliasc 2 --- along canal ~~idtli. width, placing Construclion activities of 2 Options are grass of I m similar. Diffcrcnce between 2 Options is not so banks . . ol'2m width width. big. arlslng cnvironmental impacts are similar. alqng two sidewalks of l Racli Ban. branch 2 from Ban canal on branch 1 - Tham Tuong canal crossing to tlie area near IJe Lai lane of 577111 Icnglh aiid 6m widtli in average. Tlie Consultant will stildy to make design of drainage culvert for tliis basin wit11 two ~ollo~iligoptions: - Investme~it Option 1 Option 2 Comparison under environmcntal viewpoint content Designing Adjuslingaliglimcnt tlie =lclrainagc culvert existing" Along canal Constn~ctionOplion 2 has smallerphase construction quantily and to replacc alignment following lane no re convenient working area becausc land existing canal l'ro~iitlic No. 2 on cleara~icefor some liouseliolds at existing bend ct.ossing to Nguyen Vict was carried out. tlie area near Hong road, Operation phase LC 1,ai lane of rcducing 107111. Option 2 lias sl~orterculvert alignment wliicli 577111lengtli . Land area is is Inorc cunsisle~it with lhc lalie. Thus. it 2.472111' al'tcr facilitates the managelne~~tand docs not cause tilli~igthe canal congestion at foldslbends. Existing bends will be tilletl and land area will be 2.4721~1'aflcr tilling canal for tlie purpose of on-site rcscltlcmcnt. Following-. Option 1, canal section is small and be localed in residential areas, so il creates difticulties for ~nanagemenl become dill'icull and cause congestion duc to rubbish and scdiniclits. Conclusion: Sclcct Option 2 - 7 I ham Tuong canal ti-on1 Mau Tlian road to Can Tho rivcr is 691 m long. If the alignment section near Nguyen Tlii Minli Kliai bridge is ad-iustcd, tlie Icngtli is 647111(44m reduced. there is a land arca of 2.891 m2 for constl.uction of resettlement liouscs), the width of existing canal is 8m - 22111. including 2 lollowing sections: Section 1 - f'rom Mau Tlian road to 3014 road of 293111 length: Thanglong Infrastruclure Developlnent JSC.(Iofra-Thanglong) Chapter 7 - 38 VIETNAM URBAN CJPGRADIIVCi PROSECT - CANT140 SUB-PROJECT Conlponent 2, phasc 2 , ltnvironmental Impacts Assessment (ISIA) Section 3 - fro1113014 road lo Can Tho river along exisling alignment of 354m length. -- Investment contcnt 1 Option 1 ) ~~tio~corn~arisonuntler environmental I view point. Designing open-$ Motorway at ' Road of 3.5m Construction phase canal and road at two canal width on two sides, Constr~~ctionactivities arc not samc, canal edgc banks of 4m sidewalks of 1 In construction difference is not big. (Seclion I of 14m width for each width, path of l m Environmental impacts in Allematvie width and I6 l m side, sidewalks width. 1 will higher than thal in Option 2 but length) ' 01'2111 width. tliose impacts are not big and only be pall1 of 2111 short-term oucs. witllh Operation phase Investmcnl cost in Option I is higher than that in Option 2 but it is more cnnsistenl with tlie planning of city al grade I and canal alignments in the 3rC;L Conclusion: Selcct Option I Designing open The existing The acijusted canal Construction phase : , canal and road at ca~ial alignment is 354111 Arisi~igcnviron~nenlal impacts are canal edge (Section al ignmcnt is length (1Vg~lyenThi similar but impact rate is lower in 2 - From 3014 I& 398111 length ; Minli Kliai bridge). Oplion 3 duc to smaller consln~clion to Can Tlio river). road. sidewalks other conlenls are quantity. and pall1 on similar as Option 1 Operation phase: two sidcs Investment cost in Oplion 2 is higher than that in Option 1, but thc flow is lnorc smooth and consistent wit11 tlic planning of the city at grade 1 and there is 2.891 m2land for conslluclion of resettlcmc~ithouses 1 Conclusion: Select Optio~i2 7.2.4. Crrrr Clrrrtr crnrl Son crrncrls. From outlet of Chi Kllc canal to Pham Ngu Lao road, turning to tlie left side is Cau Cliua canal of 739111 length and IOm width in average, turning to the right side is Son canal of 250111 length and 6m widtl~in average. Thcre arc 2 proposed clesig~loptions: -pp - -- )vestment conten)ti 1 7 Option 2 r~Gisonfor options a environmental point of --view. Iml~rovingthe sectio~i Canal section is Constri~ctionof Construction phase froni Cai Khe canal to t~.npcziurnni = I ,5, box culverl31n x Option I : construction is Pham Ngu I,ao road inclined stone slope. 31, culvert simpler and more conveninent. it is 1 Om wide at above is road of rate of arising cnvi~.o~~mentaI canal top. 5m wide: impacts are lower. e~iibanlinientis 3,3111 Operation phase: liigli. elevation of In Opliori 1, watcr surfacc area canal top is 2, I m. can be kept ill the residential Road of 3111 width at area and good landscaping is cacli sidc: created. Howcvcr, during tlie period of KfW prqject execution, residents living along two sides oftlie canal will bear tlie avfccl -- Tlianglong I~ifrastn~ctureDevelopment JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapter 7 - 39 ISnvironmcntal 1lnl)acls Asscssrnent (KIA) has not been scparated from lhc coliimon drainage culve1.1 system. - ( The following scction Reinforced concretc On t'ollowing Co~istri~ctionphase (froni Plia~iiN~LI Lao box culvcrt 2m x 2111, seclions, thcre 1 Construction quantity is si~iiilar, road towards culvert upper is road arc pipe culverts arising enviro~i~iientalimpacts LI pstream) of 5111width, of 1200111m and arc similar. sidewalk is I m wide. 1000llllll Operation phase: diamctcr, culvert Drainage benefits will be morc upper is road 01' tlian opti~nI. 5m widtli, sidcwalk of I ni. 1 Conclusion: selcct option I Cau Kinli canal ill I lung I,oi ward is 332111 lo113fro111 3014 road to Tam Vu road. Existing canal is 6m wide in average. canal watcr is discharged fro111 3014 road tl\rougli I'a~nVLI road, tlicn discharging inlo Can Tlio river. At prcsent, thcre is i,anc No. 10 on l'am Vu road, along northern bank, connecting from lam Vu road to -3014 road. There are 2 proposed design allternalives: lnvcstrnent Option 1 Option 2 Comparison for options untlcr co~itent mointof view. -- Improvi~ig Install RC box Construct concretc Construction phase: cxisting cu1vel-i of 2m x 21n, canal with Installation of pre-cast box culvert will opcn canal AC road of 3,50111 rectangular scction facilitate construction of concrete ca~lal. widtll (II~J~JC~tlie of3m ?i 3m, on two I lowevcr. basically. environmental culvert). sidcwalks banks of the canal impacts of these two options are similar. arc 2111 wide at each is road of3111widtli Operation phase side. Outlct to Can at each sidc. Outlet Investment cost for Option I is higher Tlio rivcr is box is similar as in tlian that in Option 2. llowever, tlia~ilis cuI\~ert.running Optio~i1 to closcd culvert, an area of 1 .077m2 is tlirougli Tali1 Vu road creatcd for on-site resettle~neritla~lcl and replaci~ig source lor 15 fi~llyaffcctcd liouscliolds dainagcd s~iiall and planting trees, cspccially it helps bridgc overcome ri~bbislidumping sit~~atio~i which causcs current calla1 congestion and bad smell which causes e~iviro~imentalpolli~tions. Drainage capacity in Option I is lower tlia~ithat ill Optio~i2 but it still satisfyis actual dc~iia~ids. --Conclusion: Select Option I Lane No. 300 ill ,411 I'lioi ward. Binh Tlii~yDistrict is 5 14111long, connecting Sro~iiCMT8 road to Kliai Luong river, serving drninagc of CMT8 road and two sides of thc lanc with drainage capacity of 28lia. ,- I here are 3 proposcd ciptions: 1 Investment -- G,tion 1 I Option 2 ( Option 3 1 Comparison under Tlianglong 1nfrastructu1-eDevelop~ncnt .ISC.(Iafra-Thanglong) Cliaptcr 7 - 40 VIETNAM UKBAN Ii.1'C;RADl NC; PROIECT - CANTHO SUB-PROIECT Component 2, ph;t\e 2 ISnvironmental Impact\ Allessment (151.4) environmental view point --- Inslall I 7.2.7. Ii~.stcrllclrtrirlcrge crrlvert on Ngrryen VfrnCrr rocrtl On Nguyen Van Cu road. scction li-om 1Mau 'Than Lo road to CMT8 road in An Hoa ward is 1.438111, road surface width is lorn, sidewalks of 4 - 5m, (>lie D300 culvert is placed 1 - 1,5m away From sidewalk edge. Back side of tlic road under An Hoa hard is rcsiclential area witli elevation wliicli is lower than that in Nguye~lVan Cu, so this area is always flooded in heavy rain. Following 'TOR, tlie Consi~ltantwill design to place a RC culvert alignment of D1.000mm diamelcr to collcct and discliarge waler li~rtllc river basin of 2 I ha. Tlie waler discliarging direction is towards two sides: one lialf discliarging illto Racli Ngong bridge. tlle otlier lialf discliarging illto CMT8 road. Design Co~isultantworkcd witli Transport Llrban Public Work Service and Can 1110 Water Supply and Drainage Company to detinc tlie location of installing culvert 1 - 1.5m away from cxisting sidcwalk edge and conciding cxi\ting D300 culvert align~ilent.In tliis option, tllere will be no liouscliold wliicli will be affected. Tlie Consultant will pay attention to tlie planning for enlarging Nguyen Van Cu road towards tlic cast oi' Llic city in order to prepare shop clrawing design in (lie next phase. Tliis is the unique option wliicli i\ proposed and selected. 7.2.8. Iiz.stcrllrtion c!f'(l;.criilcqe crrlvcrt on CMTX Rocrtl. CMTX Road from Nguycn Van Cu road to lanc No.300 is 1.365111long, under An Tlioi ward, Bin11 Thuy district. I-ollowing TOR, Tlie Consultant will desig~la RC culvert alignment of D1.000mm dianictcr to collect and discharge water for basin of 20,241ia. Tlie water discharging dircction is lowards two sides': one half discliarging into Lanc No.300, (lie olher lialf discliarging into tlie culve~t alignmenl on Nguyc~lVan Cu road, then entering existing outlet in front of Can Tho l'ecliniqi~e Worker Scliools. then discliargi~iginto Kliai 1,uong river. Design Consultant worhccj wltli Urban Construction Company and Can 1110 Water Supply and Drainage Company to define the location of installing culvert 1,5 - 2m away li-om existing sidewalk edge and 1111 away li-om electric pole. On tliis road alignment, there is a comlnunication calsle alignment wliicli will be designed to shift inside technical canal following tlie planning. Following tliis option, there will be no liouseliold wliicli will be affected. This option will not affect tlie planning 01' enlarging CMT8 Road lo tlie east. This is tlic unique option wliicli is propsoed and selected. l'lianglong Inf-aslrucl~ire1)evelopment .ISC.(lnfra-Thanglong) Chapter 7 - 4 1 VIETNAM IlRI3AN IIi'GRADIIUG PRO.IECT - CANTMO SUB-PROIECT Component 2, pllase 2 1Snvironment:rl Imj>irct;4Assesmaent (HA) 7.2.9. Irr.sfnllrfiorrc!f'tlrtrirrtrge cirlverf trrztl rotrtl orr Ltrrre 72B I'hc proposcd i1ivcntni61iton I,a~ie 72B of Ngi~yenThi Minh Kliai road include: installing drains with diameter of 800mm: upgradi~igtlie exising road; setting up strcet light system; dcvcloping sewer and water pipe along lane. Cai I Investment ( Option 1 1 Option 2 1 Optionp- 3 content environmental view point Designing canal Construct Constri~ct Conslri~ct Construction phase: cmbankme~ltof inclincd vcrtical cast- vertical pre- Option I lias sinlplest 9221n le~lgtli c~nban h~nent in-place RC cast RC construction quantity and fcati~res (including sl.opc Ill = embankment; cmbankrnent. with lowest rate ofarising embankment Ihr 1.5 by environmcntal impacts. In Option two sidcs. palli, gravcls: 3, some specitlc impacts on water tral'lic road. environment may occur (typically lighting. 3 bridgcs is pH decreasc, opaque incrcasc). c~.ossingtlic Howcvcr. these impacts can bc canal) managed tliroi~glico~istri~ctio~i ~netliods.Option 3 is safer for water environment but it ~nakcs air pollution increase due to big volume of traffic Iiieans o~iancl surrounding tlie site (licavy vcliicles transport conc~ztc). Dcration pliasc: Option 2 is suitable with embankments wllicli have bccn bcing constructed on I-loang Van Tllu road. simultancoi~sly,tlierc arc always big boats an ships travelling on Cai Klie canal. creating big wavcs on two banks. If constructed cmbankmcnt is inclined. collapsc may occur --Conclusion: Select Option 2.-- 7.3. Without Additional Financing Items of e~nbankmcntand i~iiprovcmentof the road at Cai Klic canal cdge is being considcrcd during distribution of investment capital lbr project extension. 111 case that atlditional capital is not mobilized, somc related envil.o~i~iicntalissucs arc evaluated as follows: - An Ngliicp markct is curl-ently operating along tlie south bank ol'tlic canal. I'liere are Inany Ilouscs which arc built encroacliing tlie canal. Rubbish ant1 wastes are directly disclia~.gedtiom tliesc simple houses inlo catials. causing serious environmental pollution. Tlic city has l.he constriicl.ion plan for An Nghiep market at other place in order to ~ninimizcpollution. - llianglong Infrastl-ucturc Development JSC.(Infra-Tl~a~~glong) Cliaptcr 7 -42 VIETNAM UIZRAN LIPGIZADLIUC; PROJECT - CANTHO SIJB-PIZO.IECT Conil~onent2, phase 2 1Snvi1-onmentalI nipacts Assessnien t (1SIA) Relocation of niarket and soriie liouseliolds wliicli cncroacli tlie canal will help improvc cu~.renlcanal walcr environ~iienl. - Cai Klic canai and tile road at canal edge wcre planncd. So~iicsectio~is OF tlic canal wcre implcmcntcd. Tlic ~iiiddlcsection betwccn Xo Vicl Nghe Tinli Bridgc arid Nlii Kieu bridge is being implc~iierited.Cai Klie canal wliicli has not bec~iimproved and tlie road next lo tlic canal cdgc \vliicli lias riot becn put into operation will limit tlie connection capacity of llic whole canal align~iientand tlie road next to tlie canal to Hau rivcr. - Proposed Cni Klie canal is located at ilpstrcam of canal system and liewly i~pgradcdXang Tlioi pond. Tlic delay ill investment ol' this canal sectio~lmay affect to some extent i~iiprovcriie~it efficiclicy of tlic canal and Xang Tlioi pond. However. tliis affect is not remarkable because the whole Cai Klie canal and Xang 'Tlioi pond system have close hydraulic relatiori witli flau rivcr and will bc regularly cleaned by water river. - After co~iipletio~iol' KIW prqjecl, sc\vage water will I3c scpi~ratedfrom drain drainage systcm and contributes to ii;ipro:iing tlic water qi~alityoSCai Klic canal. - Cai Klle canal wliicli lias not been invested will not affcct much on drainage capacity of newly upgraded Son and C'au Chila canal systcm. If so. in tlie cnvironnicntal point of view, invcstrnent demands for Cai Klie canal is not urgent. In order lo dcal witli environmental problem in Cai Klie canal. prcvclition methods for pollution sourccs such as relocating ,411 Ngliiep market and households who encroached tlie canal can be given priority for implc~nentation. Ilowcver, in view point of long-ti~iiedevelopment, it is necessary to implement invcstrnent and iniprovement of Cai Klie canal and city PC will continuously look for capitals for tliis pro-iect esecutio~i. Tlianglong Infrastruct~rrcI)evelopmcnt .ISC.(lnfra-Thanglo~lg) Chapter 7 - 43 VIETNAM IIR13AN IJP(;RADING I'ROSECI' - ('AN'I'I 10 SIJB-PROS 13C'T Con1l)oncnt 2, pllssc 2 Envi~+onrnc~it:~l1rnl):rrts Asscssr~ic~il(KIA) ------ Part 2 ENVIRONMENAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Thanglong Infrast~.uct~~l-eDevelopment JSC.(lafra-Tli:~nglong) VNMJAN AN lOI~'! - AN! I S I-l01Con~poneat 2, phase 2 Envil-onment:ll In~p:~ctsAsscsslnclll (E3A) ----- Chapter 8 According to OP 4.01 Annex C, a project's environmental management plan (EMP) consisls ol'llic sel of ~nitigationIneasurcs, monitoring, and institutional arrangemen1 to be taken during implementatio~i and operation to eliminate and reduce adverse environ~nenlaland social impacts to acceptable levels. To prepare a management plan, tlic EIA desig~iteam (i) identify tlie set of responses to potentially adversc impacts; (ii) determine requirements to ensure that those responscs are made el'lkclively and in a timely manner: and (.iii) dcscribe tlic means for ~iicctiligtliosc rcquiremenls. 8.1. Principle In ordcr to mitigate tlid environmental impacts, sources of pollution need to be under tlie conlrol atid [lie potential prescnce of environ~ncntalrisk needs to be niini~iiizcd.lliese ob-jectivcs will be fi~lt?l led based on three following measures: Prevention of cnvironmcn~alpollution a~~drisk; Technical solutio~isto control pollution and waste lreatmcnt; Environ~ne~italnlanagement and monito:-ing. Based on the c~iviro~i~iienl:i!rmpacts evaluated in Cliapler 6. tlie mitigation measures will be proposed prol)e~-lyill this cliapter. 8.2. Mitigation measures for negative impacts 8.2.1. Pre constr~~ctionstage There arc about 618 households who have to be relocated. Resettlement Plan will be implemented witli the participation of relevant stakeholders. Thesc relocated positions will be arranged to miligate tlic impacts on [lie air c~~vironmcntand landscape ill the area. Reselllcmenl plan will dcvelop various optio~isof co~npcnsationand loss assistance for PAtls. Resettlement is applied lor PAHs whose land and/or residential place is pemianently acq~~isitedbut land ownership can be vcritied clcarly. Construction of tlie ~.eseltlcmentarea is to bc completed before site clearance. Adoplion of Mitigalion measures will be as follows: Communication and propaganda - Conduct communication programme on compensation policy of tlie Government as well a:i obligation and responsibility of each individual. - Coliduct consultation witli PAHs about tlie compensation and resettlement pla~i. - Provide alter~iativcsolutions to PAHs in terms of the resettlement and the incorne recovery: Compensalio~ipolicy Thanglong Inflastructurc Development JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapler 8 - I - Publici~ccoliipensation prices to tlic pro-ject all'ectcd people (PAPS). All data relatccl to tlic liouse.*cuclias its location. currelit status of c~~istri~ctioli~.an3 otlier infor~iiatio~iare developed l'or cacli liouseliold during ~.esettlementprcparatio~i. - Formally p~lblici~etlie colnpensation volume to eacli lioi~scliold. - Develop ilic assistance policy for tlic poor and families of social welfares. - [)cvcIop tlie reward policy for people rclocating earlier than tlie proposed progress. - Prepare nssistalice plans for lio~~selioldslacking Inanpower, witli tlie old and tlic patient, etc d~.~riliglioilsc d~liiolitio~i.ancl transporting to tlic new place and re-building the new place. etc - Plan to create jobs atid occupation training for households who have demands. Preparation of the rcsctl lenient area Tlie constri~ctionscale of resettlement area of Can Tlio Urban Upgrading Project (CUUP) is relatively large and can fi~llysatisfy tlic resettlement demands of relocated liouseliolds. Pursi~antto tlie Decision on land acquisition for implementation of Component #2 of CUUP, tlie scale of acquisitioned land to develop tlie rcscttlcmciit arca is 10.7 ha. Tliis resettlement area is situatcd in Tlioi Nliilt hamlet, An Binli comlnune (recalled as An Klianli ward) Can Tlio City. I Income Recovery Progralli Lorrll fol- rllll~l.oi,ilr,y /~o~rtc,loall progralnnie will be etecutcd by tlie model of rcvolving fund (follo\s ing ~licrcal demand of liouscliolds deterniincd during investigations). This loan will be used for repalring houses wit11 all estimation of 15 million ill 2 years at maximu~nfor eacli liouseliold. The program budget is lahen from pro.ject's Revolving Fund (co~iiponelil5) and other aids fiom tlie Municipal People's ('om~nittce's budget (if available). Tlic fillid liiay take Social Welfare Policy Bani‘':, budget illto account. I~lcoll~c.~-e/~trhiliilr/io~~ rr.s.siLs/rr~~ccl: l'lic number of households interviewed about demands for income rcliabilitation is 709. r?ccounting for 73.3% of tlie total PAHs (967 surveyed households) in which (i) 144 Iioilseliolds, nccountilrg li~14.9% request occupational training, (ii) 322 I~ouscholds,accounting fbl 33.3% ask for the loan assista1.1ce on the production devclopmcnt. (iii) 230 Iiouscliolds, accounti~lg for 24% ~ncntionemployment introduction, (iv) 13 liouseliolds accounting for 1.34% liave otlrer expectations. l'lius, it ,;:auld be recognized that tlic demands of the PAHs for incolne rehabilitation assistance are so large. Tliis survey result will pro\iidc a basis fi)r the PMU to develop proposal to tlie Pcople's Com~iiittceoi'C'an Tlio City and relevant authorities. 8.2.2. Mitigation measures during constrr~ction 8.2.2. I. Co~t~slrrrclionorgnniz(r1ion rrnd ~i~al~.ric~lsloring rrrrt~rigen~erri Construction and matcrial transportation will be executed using "section by section" ~nctliod. - l'akc fitll advantage uf local labor I.(.>rce Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapter 8 - 2 I INIAN lIAllN( I - AN10 3-1RIC Component 2, plrase 2 Environelen tal 11nl):icts Assess~rrctrt (E1A) - - - -. ------ - Setting up mobile toilcts along tlic construction sitc - Cooperate witli tral'ljc police officers to implement tral'fic accommodation and minimize traffic jani and increase safety. - Coopcratc witli tlic Urban Constrilction Co~npanyto collect solid waste and waste water generated lion1 worker's camps and toilets. - Cont~.actoi'sliall to sct LIP effective salety and warning measures: light. barriers, warning board etc. - Whilc planning alternate routes care should be taken to ~ni~li~nizei~llpacts at sensitive locations cucli as schools or markcts, etc 8.2.2.2. ~iti~trtio;r,nc.;rsrrre,s tq)/~lietl.fi)rcrir pollirtiorr, rroise trrrtl vibrtrtiorr Waste odoi~rand dusl is tlic main polluted clcment potentially occurring at high levcl during constri~ction,'l'lie pollution source S~CIIISliom emission of engines of construction eqi~ipmcntand vehicles. Thc fol lo\\. ing niit;gatiol~nlcasures are applied: - Principles sliall be established for thc arca of camps, I-equiring (lie contractor to con~ply witli tlic general hygiene maintenance, cmpty ri~bbisliin defined location and tra~ispol-tto tlie local landfill. During constri~ctionstagc, tlie environmental impacts relating to exhausted air, dust tiom road as well as the operation ol'truchs sliould be mitigated as rollows: - (;ravel and sand shall be keep sufficiently wet during transportation and II-anspo~ling veliiclcs shall bc be appropriately covercd. - Tcmpora~yaccess roads. tilling arcas sliall be watcred in the dry weather, 4-5 timeslday. - ,4lumini11nor plastic plates shall be i~scdfor rounding tlic material storing places (soil, sand. rock, gravel. ctc). - Clcaning stations sliall be established to relnove sludge from vcliiclcs' wheels belore leaving the construction site. - Co~~tracto~,~sliould provide adcqi~atclynoise and dust prevention equipment and helniets to tllair workers. Quality for tlie equipment must be appropriate. - A lirst-aid hid shall be prepared to give emergency aid to the ir?iured worker ini~nediatcly. - In tlic residential areas. contractors should build concrete or aluminum barriers witli the ~ninilnumlieigiit of 7-111 s~~rroundingthc construction sitc to reduce i~npxtsof noise and dust. Contractor should pay attention to management and sl~pervisionof this task. - Establish sanitation teams at tlic construction sites to reduce daily accidental spills of solid waste and construction materials - Establish soil digging, tilling and transportation plans, cl~oose tlie appropriate transportation lines as well as transportation vehicles - Divide the rc3ad li)r the soil transpo~lation,require tl~eoperating time of the veliiclcs and concentrate on reducing the dust pollution to the routes by watering them twice per day in the drj wcather. - Machincs gc~~e~.ati~~gintensive noise and vibration should only operate during daytimc. C'ontl.actor sl~ouldminimize the activitics l'ro~n23pm to 5a1n at construction sites near the residc~~tiai'areas.The night time activities for speeding LIP project's progress sliall requirc per~l~issionfi-on1 local autllority. Contractors have to build noise and dust prcvcntion plates Ihr the censitive arcas such as scliools, hospitals, health stations, residential areas. The dampers of macl~i~~esshould be maintained fi-equently. ------Tlianglong Infrastructure Ilcveloptncnt .ISC.(Infra-TI1araglong) Chapter 8 - 3 VILYI'NAM I III13AN III'C;RAC>INC; I'R0.1 EC'I' - ('/1NrI'I I0S1113-I'RO.IEC Con~l)onetit2, phi~se2 Envil-onmental 1111l)actsAssesst~~e~it -- (Elh) ----- In order to ~nini~iiizei~iipacts from domestic waste during tlie construction stagc, tlie following impleme~itatiolisare suggested: - C'antccns should not be allowcd in tlie co~istructio~iareas. Thus, tlie domcstic solid wastc and wastc water will be decreased. - Domcstic solid waste in tlie project areas sliould be collected and stored in appropriate trash bin\. Co~itractorsshould Iiave agreements with tlie local companies to collcct a~icl rcmovc tllc waste daily. - Each colictructioli area of the project should be equippcd witli tell bills ol' 100 Iitrcs - Solid donicstic wastc must not bc burncd and disposed at tlic area. 8.2.2.4. Solitl rvcrstc potVirtiort corttrol A lot of solid Lvastc sucli as discarded iron, stccl. wood. crushed brick. packing, bottle, etc, which will be gcncrated du~.iligtlic construction, may cause difliculties in moving and lack of safety. In ordcr to reducc the inipacts. tlic following solutions will bc applied: - Mini~nirc pl.ospectivc waste duri~ig construction by carefully calculating ~iiatc~.ial, educating and reminding worliers of saving and closely managing and monitoring tlie cnvironnicnt. - Incrt and non-to~icnaste suclr as broken bricks, redundant soil. sand [nay be i~tilizedl'or ground filling. - Rccqclable or reusable waste sucli as cclnent packages, bottles, redundant steel pieccs, etc will bc collcctcd, so~tcd;uid transported to tlie landtill. 8.2.2.S. W(~.stcOil pollrrtiort corttrol In older to ~nininiizcncgativc impacts due to waste oil during construction, tlic projcct takes scvcral measures as lbllows: - Minilnix tlic repairing of cars, macliilies at tlie pro-ject area. The maintenance arca will bc arrangcd temporarily and lias tlie oil collection system during maintenance process. - I>iscarded oil ill tlre project area is collected in appropriate tanks and not buricd tlicre. - 'I-lie prtject arca during construction will be equipped witli a talrk containing wastc oil witli the capacity of 100 litters each unit. 8.2.2.6. Wutor ert~~irorrrrrorrtqcrcrlity irttpcrct rttitigotiort In tlie frame\\orl,. to ~naintainthe surFace water q~~alityand liot to affect groirndwater quality. tlie project will concentrate on tlie miniliiization of negative i~iipactslkom tlie two following activities: For tlie road co~istr~~ctiollactivities - Preventing wastc \vatel. generated by construction activities from discliarging directly to natural Iloivs. - 'l'osic ~natcl.ialssucli as oil products will be locatcd as far as 100 rnetcrs from tlie water source\ to prevent pcnetrati~lginto tlie tlows directly ulider tlie impact of spilling rain waler. Emban krncnt construction Through tlie contl.act and supervision activities. the prc?ject owner will request the contractor to takc adequate const~.~~ction!iieasures; - l'lic cquipmcnt dumping and illstalling station will bc arranged lar from the tlows to avoid thc leakage of oil products penetrating into the water source; VIL.,l NAM [ II - 'l'e~nporarydrainage system around tlie construction area will bc formed to prevcnt tloodi~igin a licavy rain causing the spill of waste into tlic pro-ject area and then into tlie Ilow: - Gasoline. lubrica11(;ind othcr fuel used for equipmcnl will be stored carcii~llyto avoid the spill or loss in .ictions. at once require safe; - Most of li~clspilling accide~itsshall be treated immcdiately by collecti~ig;soil infected with oil will bc rcmoved fiam the pro-jcct area to tlic appropriate location under the direction of Const~.uction Supervision Consultant according to tlie agreement with (lie local authority; Gcncric Miti~atio~inigsurc for excavatcd sediment l'lie total excavated scdinient is about 12,000 mi and is distributed largely in three distinguished contractual packages (ill four construction sites). Thc sediment docs not contain tosic substa~icessuch as heavy mctnl and redu~idantpesticide. It has tlie high content of organic substance and can bc used for Iilling or far~iiing.,d lowever. during tlie transporting and discharging proc,ess some ~cquirements are needed as follows: - Tlic scdi~iientdisposal site is far fiom surface water sources and resiclential areas (at least loom). - Usc constructio~lwaste as well as unpolluted material thr developing basenlent of tlie disposal sitcs - At excavatcd canals, if not liavi~lgc~iougli space. barges can be used on tlic calla1 to temporarily dry sludge. l'hc method was appliecl for sludge excavation oi' Xang l'hoi 1,;lkc ill Pli;lse I . - Acoicl tlie spill of sediment to tlie surrounding watcr cnvironment. especially no transporrarion oE wct sli~dgc. - 'l'hc direct tra~isportingroutes by river can be considered. Iklowever, the method has some disadvantages si~iccpossible leakage of sludge on transpol-tation from constructio~isitc to disposal pl;~ccscan occur. - Fccluc~itlyclean spills of sludge and soil on routes. According to various si~liilarpro.jccts' c\pc~~e~ice.[lie contractor 5liould have a contract witli a local Urban Co~istructio~i Compa~iy.Mo~covcr, contractors can Iiirc local cleaning teams or even rcsidcnts to clo tlie assignmc~itdaily in [lie areas near the residential area. It will both increase the effect in rhe d:iil) sanitation and rcduce cornmuriit>' s pressure. - 'l'lie rcqui~.cmentsfor disposal sitc, routcs and respective cost will bc incluclcd in the co~itracts.Contractors will commence tlie work only when having aclcquatc rclcvant pc~.missions. - 7.[lie toxic co~npo~ic~itof cxcavated sludgelsedimcnt should be ~no~iito~.edduring tlie first step ;I' construction stage ill ordcr to divide it into scpal-ated Iaycrs based on potenti;ll tlircat of poll~~t~o~ito tlic s~~rroi~~idi~ig environment. It will help to ii~idtlie most suitablc way for trcating sludge. For cxample. tl~efirst layers rich in organic matters should be collected and 1~11ipfimrilytreated bclbre dumping. This kind of sludge should be uscd as I'ertilize~-b11t not as matcrialf 1.01. land filling. Recommendation for scdi~iicntdisposal site sclectioli is proposcd in tablc 8.1 bclow: Table 8.1: Proposed options for sediment disposal site - Package 1 Quantity (rn3) 1 Area ofdunlping 1 Instructions on selection of clumping site Thanglong Infrastructure Ucvelop~iicntJSC'.(lnfra-'Thanglong) Cliaptcr 8 - 5 Package 1 - Ball ca~ial 8.000 Giving priority to being divicled (branch #I+?) and into 2 separated dumping sites of Tliam Tuong canal average 2,000 m2 each (equal lo 2lia). Empty land areas, i~nci~ltivatcd garden land in tlie south of tlung Pllll Select small du~nping sitc of' aboi~t0.5lia. Lots of empty land arcas ovcr tlie area of 14i1ngLoi or An Binh Pacltage 2 - Call (hila 1,000 A small arcas of approx. 0.5 ha canal and Son canal can bc selected. It is possible to find empty land areas ovcr tlie area of An l'lioi. Binh Thi~ywards and especially the areas planned to be used for the industrial zo~lcsin Tra Noc ward Package 3 - Lane #300. 800 Selected sitc shoi~ldhave an area CMT8 and Ngi~ycnVan of 0.5lia. This coi~ldbe easily Cu idcntilled by conducting SLI~VCY on An Thoi and Cai Klic wards where many ilnci~ltivatcd land and ponds still remain. Note: - 7'hc area of'disposal sitc = tlie sludge voli~me/lheefl'ectivc dcptli - After excavated sediment becomes dry, it can be rolled to increase the capacity. TIILIS, the avcragc effective deplh can be estimated to be 2m at eacli site. Basically, the disposal site will be an empty land area within tlie boundary of 3+5 km from the construction sitc. Tlic dif'l'crent routes and landfill distribution nearly tlie related-work area liclp to rcducc the potential i~npactsduring transportation. Dividing into s~nalldisposal sites will be Inorc feasible than finding t1.c large dutnping place. In ca\e suitable di\po\al sites can not bc found, tllc Long ~Slianli landfill shall be taken into consideration. Long Tlincl~landfill, under management of tlie Urban Worlts Colnpany, is locatcd about 15km from Can Tho ('ity cct~tcr). Sludge excavation plau (including location 01' disposal site, transporting routes, excavation ~netliod, etc.) aficr defined is subject to tlie permission of the local authority and tlie appraisal of Department of Environment and Natural Resoi~rces. 'Shose must mcct tlie requirements of tlic World Bank's Sai'cgi~ardsPolicies. Specific mitigation mcasurcs for sludge handling and transportation The total dredged sludge is about 600m' and shall be tlanspol-ted to standard landfill. Parallel to adopted mitigation Ineasure for excavated sedimcnt management, the specilic mitigation measure applied for sludge ma~iage~nentis pl-ovicled in table 8.1. below: Table 8.2: Summary of mitigation measure for sludge handling and transportation - I lianglong Infrastructure Develop~nentJSC.(lnfra-Thanglong) Chapter 8 - 6 -- Metllotl Mitigation measure Res~~onsibility Report to, Wet method - handle sludge dircctly - Cont~.actor PMUI CMC to tank tr~~ck - Keg~~larlyclicck watcrtigllt oftank Dry neth hod - isolatc excavated - Contractor shall carry canal section, pump out by the~nselvesor wastewater to sign a contract witli downstream of canal IJKENCO for - use fcrry for transportation. budget lemporarily drying lor this job sliall be sludge included in the contract - Dredged sludge can bc scpi~rntedinto small pilcs with tlie height lower 0.5m and tlie width lower I m for drying at any suitablc locations. - keep distance betwccn households and each sludge pile at lcasl Om 1 ------. tclca~~ tr~~chs contractor PMUI CMC Icavinrr tlie site - avoid running through Transporter PMUI CMC high dcnsity residential area or in r~~stiI~OLI~S - spri~iklewater at least PMUICMC twice per day to reducc dust on the transportatio~~ road. from dredging to -disposal sitc Treatment - layiug sludge by layer Contractor shall sign PMUI CMCI DONKE - separate leachale contract witli landfill l'roin dredged sludge management agency and pre-treat by lime for disposal of dredged sludge. Budgct for this .job sliall be included in tlie constructio~~ contract. Landfill management agcncy has responsibilities in management of sludge treatment 8.2.3. Mitigation measure during operation Inspite of variour positive impacts gained from the project, there are still some negative impacts during operation phase such as air pollution. sludge disposal generated from process of sludge excavation. As cvaluatcd, most of those impacts arc minor. short-term and mitigablc. The followings are several signi ticant mitigation measures: - Organi~esanitation tcams \\ho are responsible for strect cleaning, sludge excavation in order to avoid rubbish andlor solid waste blocltcd in drainage system, and ensuring tlie spced of watcr tlow; - ~esidcnts'ercrequired to implement partial trcatment with septic tank prior to discharging wastc\\atcr into the drainage system; - Regularly dredgc sewers and drains to avoid stagnancy and overtlow of surface watcr: - Strictly cc'htrol the quality of waste watcr discliargcd fiom production facilities located sul-rounding upgradcd drainagc cana Is; - Prcvcnt solid waste disposal from entering upgraded canals through facilitating improved solid waste managemcnt; - Public a\\al.cncss campaigns should be implemented in com~nunityto raise environmental awareness ant1 local inhabitants shall be trained to keep environmental clean; and to avoid negat ivc impacts on enviroit~nent; - Trees sl~ouldIJ~ grol~n on c~nbankmentsof open canals to reducc air pollution ant1 to crcatc bcautili~llandscape. - Develop ~nonitoringprograms on surface watcr quality over ycnrs prior to operation of waste watcr treatmcnt system. Thc monitoring data will be considercd as liey input for desig~lingsuitable Water Treatment Plan meeting demands. - Tlicsc mitigation mcasures will be implemented by thc Urbiun Drainage Company and tlic Ilepal-t~~lcntof Environmental managemcnt of districtlwards undcr the management and monitoring of DONRE. The local com~nunitiesand Autlioritics will be mobilizetl to participat& in thesc activities. 8.3. Mitigation for Envir-onmental risks During constructio~land operation pcriod oftlie pro-ject. in ordcr to eliminate environmental accidents, scvcr:tl regulations should be followed: Table 8.3: Emergency and action plan No. Risk Action I Artefacts found during Contractor shall protect the sitc excavation works and report to the Const~.t~cticxi SupervisorII'MU and local muscu~nlc~~ltural management Contractor I authority Delivcr tlie object found to local All relevant authorities 1 rnuse~~mlcultural managemcnt authority. Determine wliether construction can be contiuued or halted for f~~rthcrinvestigation The Directors ot'tlic provincial Depart~nentol'Cultllral and Inlormation and local Museum shall be responsible for tlie subscqucnt handling of the objects found in accordancc with Thanglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-Tlianglong) Chapter 8 - 8 Article ? I of tlic Decrre 110. / 9212002 guidi~igthe I~nple~iientationol'llie Law on Contractor excavation worhs local a~~tIioritylConstri~ction AIIrelevant aut~ioritiesd Si~pervisorIPMU Determine wliolwlierelliow to Those who are assigned to 1 address and proposc next actions Implement tlie proposed actions I2iu tlic proble~iiimmediately if Contractor I from com~iiu~iiljabout possi blc environmental problctns IaLc note in log book Contractor. PMU and local related to construction Discuss with the Employerllocal autl~ority aclivitics contl icts occilr Accidents due to Cars) out first aid where possible I Workerlpeople at tlie sitc explosive materials left and transfer the victim the contractor l'rom war nearest hospital as soon as Contractor and local possible and if nccesbary 1 authority Protect tlie sitc and place warning site Prepare incident notes ------Unexploded ordinance:; is I'r.otect the site found Report to local authority and PMU Contractorllocal autlior~ty Contact the most relevant local ~ army base and ask lor help #Degradat~on --kIt-oll.l lie pollution Local authorities cluality of receiving water source From production utilities, DoNRE. Natural resource bodies in case of without l'actory and service i111its and environnient waste water treatment Establ isli monitoring and department of Ninli I -- llianglo~igInfrastruclure Dcvelop~lie~it.lSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapter 8 - 9 I AMAN I l1OSll- INi I I Y I-IIOICT Co~rlpot~et~t2, pl~nse 2 Envi~-onmcnt;~lImp:~cts Asscss~ncnt (EIA) - - -- Chapter 9 9.1. Environmental Management System 9.1.1. Chart of environment management system During construction phase DoNRE and/or Deparfment of ------Natural Resources and COMMITTEE Envrronment of Nrnh Kreu arid Brnh Thuy drstncts .....---~ -.--...... i PMU -- - I Public Work * Company I. I CONSTRUCTION (drainage and -bl +- , ACTIVITIES sewerage, water I 1 supply, power) I I - Accountability 1 +- - -b Cooperative line EMC I - - -.' Figure 9.1. Chart of environmental management system Table 9.1: Roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders Responsibilities -- I'M U Tlic oftice has the main resl)onsibility of imple~nentationand supcrvision of 1;MP. 'Through ESC and CMC, PMU will supervise contractors in implementing mitigalion measures during constri~ction,PMU works closely will1 the local authority lo progress tlie participation of com~nunitiesin 1"-qject preparatio~i and implementatio~i. PMU has the responsibility of reporling EMP i~iiplementationto the The World Bank and DONRE. Conslructiol~ Supervise the sequcnce and proccdurc of basic constri~ctio~ipractices and Management ~xoceduces, supervise technology norms and progress chart of contraclors. Consultan1 Besides, An important tad, 01' CAlC is lo superkisc tlie implementation of (supervise cnviro~:~ne~rtalimpact mitigation measures by contractors. constri~ctioll I lie work shall be dctined delailcdly in tlie contract betwccn CMC and C'MC) I'M U . Contractor According to adapted EMP, the Contractor is responsible for developing Tlianglong I~ifrastruclureDevelopment .ISC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapter 9 - I EMP for each construction site (SEMP), submiting and collecting tlie comments of rclevant partics, adjusting tlie content until approval and complying. Besidcs. tlic contractor is required to obtain sufficiently permission licenses and certificates. (sucli as traftic accom~nodation.road digging, labour safety) as stipulated in tlie cxisting regulations and laws. Site Environmental Mitigation mcasures and monitoring plan and the related permission licenses and certiticate will be regarded as legal basis for ~nonitoringand evaluation in the fi~ture. Local authority I'l~elocal authority witli administrative role in tlie area will liave and community responsibility to arrange ofticers who administrate/follow tlie activities of tlic project to cnsure safety atid cnviron~nental protection cluring c~,n~tructio~i. I,ocal authority will encourage tlie com~i~unityinvolve~nent by developing community based monitoring system and organizing tlie monitoring programme on tlie i~i~plementatio~iof EMP. Tlie activities of the conimunity representative and local authority will be assisted by PMU's consultant unit. 5 Environmental EMC lias specialized skills and rich-experience in environment managcmcnt. Manage~iient Within tlic scope of tlie contract, EMC \v ill suppol-t PMU to establish and Consultant in~plementenviron~nent managcmcnt (EM) system, have rcco~nmendations (EMC) to adjust and enhance tlie capxily of stakeliolders in EMS in construction phase as well aa in early pilot operation phase. Tlie EMC will be responsible I'or motiitoring EMP implementation activitics that are reported to DoNRE and I'MIJ. The EMC will produce tlie post -EIA rcport at tlie end of his colitract. 6 ' Depal-tment of UoNRE lias tlie responsibility of appraisement and investigation Natural cnvironmental supervision rcports submited by PMU. When having Resources and problems, DoRE will par.ticipate in researching and solving relatecl problems Environmknt and minimize negativc impacts arising from the prqject. , (DoNRE) 7 Nati~raI Clieclts activities to cnsure tl~eenc iron~l~entalsafety in tlie pro.ject areas of Resources and tli:: disrricts. Cliech and provide Ineasurcs against violences. Guide and train Elivironlncnt colnmune staff responding of EM at tlic local. Depa~-t~ncntof Reports pcriodically to DoRE about arising cnvironmcntal problcm. Ninli Kicu ward and Binli Combine with related sectors, participate in research, investigation and ~orlc Th uy ward out solutions for arising environmental problelns During operation phase Alter- tlie civil worh complction, it will be takcn ovcr to stakeholders sucli as Drainage Company. Urban Environment Co~npanyandlor LA. These units will liave responsibilities of Inanagelncnt, iri~plcmentationand maintenance as per current requircmcnts. 9.1.2. Methods and contents of environmental management Setting LIP sufhcicnt legal basis - Update and strictly co~nplywitli legal regulations of environmental protection and pi~blic licaltl~saFegual.d: Tlianglong Infrastruct~~r-cDcvclopment .ISC.(Infra-Thangloag) Chapter 9 - 2 VNMJAN I'IAL I'lOS1l - 4 I 0 I-l'I0.lCT Cornponct~t2, pli:isc 2 Environmcnt;il 1mp:icts Asscssl~icnt(I":I.',j - Establish environ~nental management plan, environmental mitigation measures and popirlarisc tliesc to local pcople around construction site; - Obtain suflicient permissions (traflic pcrmissio~i,sludge disposal pcrriiisiori, etc). Raising tlie staLieIiolder's environmental awarcness - Raising tlic workc~.s' awareness ol' environment sanitation at the construction sitcs (by training them about safety at work and environment sa~iitation); - Frcqirentl~trainning tlie site ofticers about ~i~itigationmeasures at construction sitcs; - I'ublicizing a~idraising the community's ailiareness ol'tlie negative iriipacts ~('ririningtlie cnviron~iienl; - Maintaining tlie guidancc and safcty regulation boards on construction sites. Maintaining the co~ii~iiunicationsystem and tlie co-operation in solving problems - Maintaining rncctings to li-eiluently exchange i~~lh~.niationamong staheholdcr~s (PMU, coritl.nctor, con5trucl iori sirper~isor.,local rcpresentatives): - Maintailling tllc I-eporting system regarding specific issues such as sanitation, safety at \+ark. riiitigation measures, existing problc~ns, etc by construction diary. montl~l~lqua~terlyreports of CMC, rcco~nmcndationsof local authority and co~nmunity rcprc\entative\: - I'ublicizing tlic Iiame, telephone nu~i~berof oflicers of contractors. CMC, PMU in cliargc ol'environmcnt Inanagcmelit, sanitation and safety at work to all peoplc in affected areas: - I'rovicling, Iiotlinc of' tlie Functional Office sucli as civil andlor traftic irispector, crivir'on~iientalirispector. etc on boards situated around the construction site; - Togcthcr solving tlie emergence problems and re-writing in formal texts in accordance with curr.ent rcquireriicnts. 9.2. Environmental monitoring pro,oram 9.2.1. Purposes - Coritrol arising in~pactsand supervise tlie environ~nentalpollirtion ~iorrnsill constri~ction process of tlie prqject nicntioned in tlie EIA Rcporr; - Test. supcrvi:;c llle in~plenie~itationol' environ~iicnt protcdioli solutions during constr~~ctionstage based on appraiscd EIA; - Reconi~iiendto reinforce mitigation measures in case of arising proble~iis; - Kccommcnd tlie investor. co-operate with central and local environment organizatioris to solvc existing environmental problems steming from the pro-ject; - Assess tlie cll'icicncy of mitigation rneasures in tlic pre-constr~uctio~iand construction pliascs. 9.2.2. Contents Envirorl~nentalmonitoiing will be carried out during construction and operation stage at four levels (i) Supervision tlie iniple~iientationof ~nitigationriieasures; (ii) Monitoring community; (iii) Monitoring erivil.on~ne~itnonils. and (iv) The project performance inclicator. a Monitoring tlie i~nplernel~tatic~nof mitigation 1neas~11-cs l'lie monitoring tasks of Contractors, CIUC, and EMC in environment sector that will be defined in their terms of reference and contract are conducted and approved by tlie investor. Each unit has tlie I-esponsibility of sub~nittingtlie periodic reports in accordance with tlie defined responsibility stated in tlie contract as well a\ with tlie ad.justnicnt by actnal implc~iientationprocess, including dctailed ~isscssmentsof tl~cupdate of enviro~imentnorms, activities and nionitoring results. Bascd on tlic pcriodic rcportsl~iiectingigconclusions. tlic invcstor has (lie responsibility of preparing and submitting quarterly or semi-yearly reportstto Provincial Pcople's Committee and tlie Dcpartmcnt of Natural Resourcc and .I:~iviron~iie~it,gathering mairi problems iri ter~iisof environmental managelllent and ~iiitigation~iicasu~-es. rcsults and actions. 'l'lic contcnt ol'rcpol-t conccntratcs on tlic following: - I,ist of~vcl'crcnccsdctined in the ~iionitoringrcport of tlic previous mo~itli - Measurcs.1Ii;1tcontractors carry out to solve tl~carising problc~ns - Problc~iisthat have not been solved reaso~iablyand r~ccom~iiendatio~iof solutions . I- lic detail of the ~iionitco~.ingnorms tbr mitigation measures will be established upon tlie construction plan, tlie ~nitigationmcasurcs ofcontractors, and the typical areas Monitoring bill bc carricd out ti-cquently during construction stage. Monitoring c~iviro~i~iientalqua1 ity Environ~iiental~iio~iitoring programme is carried out in 3 phases: Pre-construction (Foundatiol~); construction (proposed to last 3 years); exploitation (tlie first year after tlie project brings in operation). Table 9.2: List of overall monitoring norms of project 71 ~arameter 1 re - ~onstruction,1 Construction Operation Monitoring noise lever . Leq. L50. Lniax Leq. L50, Lmax Lecl. L50. Lmax I 2. Frequency 1 time before pro-ject bi-anually s 2 bi-anually x 2 csccutio~i x 2 momentstday (normal ~iiomentslday(normal mo~iientstday hour and rush hour) hour and rush Iiour) (normal Iioi~r and rush liour) 1 3. Responsible I EMC (in regularly) Management Unit of I unit EMC Contractor (if any upgraded co~istruction , complaints) 3. Monitoring 6 samples in construction sites and 3 sa~nplesin disposal sitcs positio~i (Map of proposcd environmental monitoring progralnmc on construction sites presented in annex 8i Applied TCVN 5949: 1998 Standard: -- Monitoring air, 'I'hanglong lnii-astructurc Dcvclopment .lSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Cliapier 9 - 4 VIE1 NAM IIIII3AN I~'I'(~RAI)IN(I PIIOSECT - C' ATJ'i I10 SUU-P1 Parameter Pre - Construction Construction Operation 1. Indcs 2. Freqi~e~icy I time belbre project bi-allnually x 02 bi-a~i~it~allys 02 1 1 1 1 executio~~ x 02 ( ~iio~~~entslday(normal 1 oiomentslday (norn~nl1 ~ ~ moments (~iormalI Iiour and ri~slihour) liour and riish hour) ~ hour and rush hour) -- 3. Responsible EMC (in regularly) Management Unit of 1 1111it EMC Contractor (i f any upgraded construction complaints) TCVN 5937: 3005; TCVN 5938: 2005 5 sa~iiplesin construction sitcs x 2 tinies (normal hour and rush hour) and 3 sa~iiplesin disposal sites x 1 time I I 1 (Map of pmposcd e~ivilon~nc~itolino~iitorilig programme on 1 L-L construction sites prescntecl in annex 8) 1 111 ( Monitoring surface water I I. Indcs pfi, 'I'cmperatul-e. pH. Temperatur-c. SS, pH, 'I'emperatu~~e,SS, SS, 'l'i~rbidity,BOD, Turbidity. BOD. Turbidity. BOD. COD, DO. oil. Colihrm, Cd, C'oliform. Cd, Pb, Colifo~.rii,Cd, Pb, Zn, Pb, Zn, Hg. As Zn. fig, As Hg, As 2. Freqi~e~lcy , I time belbre prqicct ( Bi-annually a I exccution x 2 02 ~iiomentsldny 02 ~nomentslday (high momentsldny (high (high tide and low tide and low tide) tide and low tide) tide) - EMC (in regularly) I Ma~iagement Unit 01' EM(' - Colltmctor (if Lll~gmdedcollstl-llctioll coml~lnints) TCVN 5942: 1995 4. Positions 4 samples in conslructio~isitcs s 2 rnomcntslday and 3 salnplcs In I- disposal sitcs (Map of proposed environmental monitoring programme on construction sitcs srcsented in annex 8) VI Monitoring sludge excavation ancl clisposal 2 Tlianglong 1nfrnstri1ctu1.eL>cvelop~nent .lSC.(Infra-Ihanglong) Chapter 9 - 5 1 I 1 llA[lN(I I - 14I i S I-IS1 Com()ooc~~t2, pllirsc 2 1 TT 1 kin~eter 1 Pt-e - ~onstruction1 Construction 1 Operation 1 pl I. TOC. T-N, 7'-1'. pl-I, 7'OC. T-N, I-I', ptl, TOC. T-N, 'I'-1'. NO?-,CI-. so4'-.Cd, NO?-. CI-. so4'-, Cd. 1VOi-, CI-, SOJ'., Cd, I'b, Zn, Hg. As 1 ~'b,~n. ~g. AS I ~b,Zn, ~g,AS I I I 3. Responsible Management Unit of EhlC i~pgradedconstruction 2 F~TCVNO~:7,002 iind refer to Dutch Standard melitioncd to quality 01' ' 1 1 standard I excavated sludge for disposal 1 5 samples in construction sites and 3 samples in disposal sites Sludge deposited in 3. Positions (Map of proposed environmental monitoring ncwlq upgraded prograninie on construction sites presented in dr"i11a6e sJstem figure 0.1 below) Tlie ~nonitoringprogramnic on tlisposal site will be defined later. based on the practical performance of ~micct. Trunk inl'rastructu~-cconstruction projects are carried out using section by section method. Ilii~s,to ensure tlie ob.jectiveness. science, factual impacts during project (both positive and negative); monitoring prograliis will be adjusted to suit tlie actual work and tlie pro.ject pace. Map of monitoring san~plcis attached in annex (figure 1.10). This could be considered as fi~ndamental input Ibr developing monitoring program~nedi~ring project i~nplementation.In such case, constructio~l commence~iienttime of project is 1 year later than tlie time of FIA report approval, tlie selcctcd EMC slioi~ldre-define tlie baseline data developed in the al~provcdIZIA report. To assess tlie project perlhrmance indicator, after from 6 montlis to 1 year in operation, tlie indicator relatetl to tlie public Iicaltli. tlood status, odour in open-clianncls. comments of tlic community about habitat will be collected and evaluated. Ihese necessary basis cstablisli stablc programs of maintenance and operation of new i~pgradingconstruction and maxi~nizctlie positive et'lects in environmental hector ti-0111 tlic project. Tlianglong Inti.astructurc Development .lSC.(Infra-Thanglong) Cliapler 9 - 6 VIETNAM URBAN UPGRADING PROJEC1' - CANTHO SUB-PROJECT Component 2, phase 2 Environmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) Chapter 10 10.1. Capacity building programme PMU has the responsibilit~of implemmenting t!-?icing programs on en\ ironmental management. PMU and r~levantunits (such as Environment Monitoring Consultant andlor Training consultant) should orgsnize training courses to improje h-no~hledgeand experience for PMU's staffs as \\ell as the capacity of project localities iii environmental management atx! monitoring. Selected Contractor is responsible for conducting training courses 011 Labor Safety as stipulated in the Law with the adequate participation of workers and engineers. Table 10.1: Training programme on EMP implementation I Number of Training implementation Content Trainees Training time Financial source trainees units Environmental Workers and Engineers 50 \vorkers x 6 As stipulated in the Law on Contractors in cooperation Contractor sanitation and safety of Contractors construction sites Labor safeh, (before \\.ith the Institute of Labor. = 300 persons construction War Invalids and Social commencement and during Affairs, construction time) Training on site Environment and 6 supervisors Before construction PMU in cooperation hvith PMU or EMC (if environmental Safety specialized commencement EMC stipulated in management plan supervisor of CMC contract) (SEMI' implementation) Thanglong Infrastructure Development .ISC.(Infra-Thanglong) Chapter 10 - I VIETNAM URBAN III'(;liAI)ING I'liO.ll(C7' - CAN'I I I0 SIJL3-PIi0.1ECT Component 2. pll;rsc 2 Environmcn h~l1mp:rcts Asscsstr~etit(Elh) Chapter 11 1 1.1. Estimated cost for mitigation measure implementation 'Tlic budget costs Kor ii~~Implementatio~l di~ring co~istri~ction and operation stage is estimated as 1-01lorn s: Table 11 .I : Estimated Costs for mitigation measure implementation Component Construction Operation Coveririg ~iiatcrials,rlicpc?sal places. noise and du\t 200.000.000 prevtntion plate\. materials and road sprinklers I.--- I- At canips. co~istruction sites and along streets 1 pr~blic trasl~ hills to collect waste and ?00.000.000 rubbish 'T'nilcts 150.000.000 I Deposited Oil tank 1 150.000.000 4 Enviro11ment;il management and traffic safeguard 1 50.000.000 50.000.000 protection 1 1 Included i11 Includcd I construction 1 Source of t'i~nd operation and contract mainlena~iccfee packages 1 1.2. Estimated sost for environmental monitoring programme Table 11.2: Estimated Costs for environmental monitoring programme -. - - -7 &umber ~otalcost index (VND) 1. Pre-construction stage I I 1 Noise and air qi~ality Noise. PM 10. 'rsP, CO, NO?, 11ii~rocIimnte -- Surface water quality Temperature. SS, Turbidity. BOD, COD, 'T DO, oil. Tlianglong Infrastructure Development JSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chapter 1 I - I VIE'INAM IlRI3AN III'(iKAL)INti PR(i.ll:C"I - ('!\?.1 I110 SIII3-PKO.II~CT Conll~onrat2, o1i;wr 2 Environrnc.nt:tl Irnparls Asscssrricnt (F7E:':) --- pp- Coliform, Cd, Excavated slutlge samples -- _LZII._%ASL___J-__pL-- 11. Construction stage --- Noise and air qirality Noise, PM 10, 800,000 9 sample x 2 86,400.000 7----I ~i~~~~-p~~~~lday[ I riiicrocli~natc 2tiriielyear = Ilorllls 4 Suriirce water qualily 13ti, Temperaturc. SS. Tirrbidily. / + 3 samples ?( ROD. COD. DO, oil, Coliform, Cd. Pb. Zn, I-la, As 3 Excavated sludge pl-I, TOC. 'T-N, 'I-P. NO?-,CI-, SO,'-, Cd, Pb. Zn, Hg. As stxc (will hc irn lcrnentcd bv-- DONRE or relevant_. authorities) ---- 3---- 3---- Noise and airp-pr quality Noise, PM 10, Based on ' Based on Based on include I SP, CO. NOz, actual actual I SO2,I-IC:. ~co~iditio~i actualcondit ion condit ion rnicrocli~iinte I ~iorlns I 2 1 Surfacc watcr qi~ality+]~aseci on I Based on Rased on 7 I7 empcraturc, practical practical praclical SS. Turbidity, condition condition conditio~i BOD, COD. DO. oil, Coliform, Cd, Based on practical practical quality conditio~i condition %I). Hg, As -- TOTA-- L(prc-constr.uc hascs) --- 11.3. Estimated cost for capacity building Table 11.3: Estimated Costs for capacity building Nurnbcr of 1 Sourccoftintl rrainees Total cost 1 trainees 1 Tliariglong Iriliastn~cturcUevelop~nent JSC.(lnSra-'TliangLang) Chapter 1 1 - 2 I AMIN llA111 PIOII - N'll0 J-1ROJI' Colnponert 2, pllsse 2 Eavironmcnt:rl 1111l);lctsAsscss~llc~~t (EIA) - Number of Content Trainees Total cost trainecs -- Training on sitc Environ~nentand 6 supervisors Includcd in environmerital Salety Construction management plan. specialized Manageriient (SEMI' supervisor of Consultant i~iiplementation) CMC Contract Packages Total 11.4. Estimate cost for Independent Monitoring Consultant The contract for Indepcndent Monitoring Consirltant will bc estimated to be 300,000,000 VND for 3 years (not included tlie cost for monitoring). The Consultant will produce the post-E,IA report at the end of his cautract. 1 1.5. Total cost for EMP implementation Ihvisonmcnt nionitoring cost will be determined on tlic monitoring program in Chapter 6 (partici~lar magnitude, rate. indcs) following the price regulated by tlie State at thc applicd time. During pre-constructioi.1and construction pliascs: 1 I Content 1 Estimate cost 1 Cost for cnvironmcntal ~nitigationimplementation included in constrt~ctioncontracts --- 3rCapacity building 2- 1 4 1 Indcpendc~~tmonitoring consultarit I 300.000,000 1 Di~riiigoperation ghasc During operation phasc, enviroilinental llionitoriilg programme will be iinpleinented and fiu-tdcd by DONRE and/or other relevant authorities. Tlia~iglongInfrastmcture Development JSC.(Infra-Tl~angLong) Cliaptel- l l - 3 VIETNAM (JIIBAN III'(;RAI>IN(; I'RO.IE('7'- (',li.J i i I0SOU-I'RO.IEC I' Colnponcnt 2, pll;lse 2 Euvi~.onmcntaIl~llpacts Asscss~r~cnt (Ei~*rj PART 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE Tlianglong I~lfi-ast~.uctureDcvelop~nent SSC.(Infra-'TIiangLong) VIE-I7N/\M UIIUAN III'CJKAI)INC; I'RO.Il,C"f - C'AN7I'II0 SIIU-I'IIO.IlJCI' Component 2, pla;~sc2 Environmental Impacts Asscssmcut (EIA) ------Chapter 1112 11 12.1. General l'lie World Bank's Operational Policy (OP4.01) on Environ~nenlalImpacts Assessment requires tliat affccted group and local NGOs to bc infor~ncdand co~lsultedas a part of tlic EIA prcparation during at least two stages oi'llic LJlA process. Participation sllould be enabled during pro-ject prcparation ~~ndcr certain condition\ and is generally reco~n~ne~ldcdas part ol' imple~iientatio~i.Pro-jects tliat require involu~itaryrescttle~ne~:t (OP 4.30), consultation 011 social iss~~essliould be included. 11 12.22. Key principles The overall goals of the p~~blicco~is~~ltation and disclosure are to inlorm all stakeliolders (interested and pro-ject afkcted parties) of tlie important aspects of tlie proposed prqject and solicit their comments, ideas ad conccrn. I;u~-tIier ob-jectives include: - Commence consultatiorl at tlie earliest stages of the project in order to establish an open and partipatory process - Not tliat gro~~psbeing consulted are representatives including ~rpresentativesof womcn and yo~~tliassociatio~i, etli~iic and religious minorities. - Enliancc previously acquired I - Apply culturally and socially appropriate cotisultation methods and provide all written ~iiatcrialsc~nd rcports and orally in Vietnamese. - Utilise ucveral different, complementary methods of receiving p~~blicinputs sucll as i~idivitlualad public meetings, opinion surveys and docu~nentreview. - Docu~iie~it'a~idcomments of tlie stakeholders - Co~n~nuriicatci~llormation received from tlie stakeliolders to tlie technical/tlesign tea111 members. and ensure tliat legitimate coticel-ns are addressed appropriately - Send.the RIA document to tlie communities at'fectecl by the pro-ject for p~~blicreview and c~~ii~iie~its - Continue to consult tlie public l>cli)rc a~~dduri~~g tlie constructio~l, operation and mainle~ianccphases oftlie project tlcvelopnicnt. 11 12.3. Public participation This step lins been i~nplc~nentedin tlie iirst periods of designing pliascs by designing consultant in order to: Tlia~iglongInfraslructure Development JSC.(lnfra-Tbanglong) Chapter 12 - 1 Eavil-onnrcntal lttil>i~ctsAssessr~rerrt (EIA) - Inform and i~itroduceto the project community the objectives. the criteria and proccdures of thc pr.c!ject - Gathcr thc interest, ideas and concern of thc community about existing environmental conditions and priorities for irpgrading The Iirst public consultation was conducted in April 2005 by q~lestionnaires(including the socio- economic and resctilemcr~tquestion\) wit11 the total numbcr of 653 participa~~tsin 9 prqject wards. 'This consultation hclps to dcter~nimetlie existing environmental issues at the project areas and the concern of the local community. Thc gained informati011will help Consultant to devclop the "Environmental Data-basc report" applicd for ElA prepara t' ion. 11 12.4. Consr~ltationmeetings 11 12.4.1. Executed method Step I: After completed. the sumrnary unit of the clraft EIA report have sent to the People's committees and Fatlierland Fronts of 9 wards in the pro-ject area to ask for opinion. Tlicn the wards sent official dispatc11es"witli contributed opinions to thc prqject (showi~igin tlie appendix 6). Step 2: Besides. tlic public consultation meetings have bcen implemented. Summary ol' executed consultation meetings is presented in table 1 1.1. Tlie structure ofeach ~necti~igis as below: - Cons,ultant introduces the basic design of the project including ditch way, ditch expansion i~pgr;idationscalc and the pro-ject's suppo11co~istruction. - Consultant prescnts Environniental impacts of tlic project, mitigation measurcs as well as the Environmental ~nanagementand monitoring plan - Participants contribute their opinions, interest and idcas on the content of the EIA report. - In casc ol'limited time for discussion, the participants write down their idcas in paper and send back to the consultant at the end of the meeting. Table 11.1: Summary of public consultation meetings 'Tl~anglongInlinstructure Development JSC.(lnfra-TlrangLong) Chapter 12 -2 VII:.I.NAM IJRU AN I I I'(;R;\I)IN(; 1'ROSL:C'I' - C'AN'I'I 10 SIJ 13-PlX0.1 ECl' Con~poacnt2, pl~asc2 Environlncntal Impacts Asscssnlcnt (ElA) I Location of Number of Participants No Time meeting Participants Tlioi Binh Meeting llall - Representatives ol' pro-ject affected households All Ilea 02/06/2008 zioi Bi~ili - Representatives of Non- .* k-~iCai Klic Ward Peol~le's 1 govcrnmental organizations of , project wards - Reprcsentativcs of pro-ject af'ected households An Lgc 03/06;2008 - Reprcse~itativcsof Non- Xuan Hulig Loi governme~italorganizations of prqject wards {---]---I lung Loi - Reprcsentativcs of 1)ro.ject Meeting hnl l affccted households 03/06/2008 An l'lioi of - Reprcsentativcs of'Non- An Lac Ward governmcntal organizations of 1 project \vards -1 11.4.2. 'The result of public consultation Spccilically, main ol)iliions collected are as below: - Sewer problc~iisshoi~ld be taken into consideration in tlie Ilooding rainy season. and ~iiakesure tlie smoot drainage in tlic rainy scason- tide. - Sliou'ld build last witli arch order form, shouldn't cxtend to be convenient movcnicnt. avoid 1301 luting the water, soil, and air. - Constri~ctiontime lias to bc specific and not long wlien implemented (This is tlie question ill \vliicli peop'e a1.e interested). During construction, do to colnc where cleali LIP. aboid building on a large scale which will affcct tlic traffic and life oftlic pcople. - Manliole covcr slioi~ld iron border to ensure when opc~ii~igtlie bolt to clcanse. tlie ~nanliolcwill 1101 bc brohcn LIPand can be i~scdlonger. - Public lighting lamp lias to ensure good activities. The Itinds of teleplionc lines. cables Iiavc to bc i~nani~noi~slyinserted in culvert to ensure good- look, . - Building rcsl~onsibleofficers and supervisors connects witli pcoplc strictly to support in rnobilir_ili:r the111if difticillty happens. - It is Iieccssary to cducatc tlie people and to raise tlic peoplc's awareness of bad iliipacts wlicii tlicy discharge litter and scwagc to tlie constructiol~area. - Bcsidcs taking pa11 in close inspection. it is necessary to apply administrative punisli~iient levcls to advisc tlieliouseliolds to lollow tlic environmental sanitation regulations. - In cxccution process. it will generate a lot of difficulties. TIILIS,it is ~iecessaryto cducate (lie local pcople understand the benefits oftlic pro-jcct and follow the regill t'10115.. Tlianglong Infrastructure Development SSC.(Infra-ThangLong) Chaptel' 12 -3 VIFI NAM IIIXI3AN I11)C;[iA[llNc; PRO.II;C7I - C'AN'T'I 10SIJ[3-IJRO.IECT Comlwnent 2, pll;lse 2 ICnviron~ncntal1111pacts Asscss~r~cnt (KIA) --.------In i~pgradi~ig.building time, it is necessary to cornpare. connect strictly with the related public benctit firms sucli as application drainage . electric traction, telcco~npost oftice, avoid digging, tilling up, expenses and prcssurc for tlic people. - Organizi~lgconstruction in convenient ti~iieavoiding constri~ctionin the flooding rainy season. Wliilc construction. requesting tllc contractor to continuously do their tashs in order to sliortcn constlvctio~itime as much as possible. - Aftcr construction and in operation, it is necessary to help tlie people grasp tliorougl~ly constl-uctio~inlai~itenance responsibility. - Eclucati~lg,tlic people to makc contributions to tlie process of minimizing tlie enviro~i~iic~italproblcnis. - Should com~iiittee representatives practice hctter to liave knowledge to serve co~iimu~iicatingand supervising co~istlvctiontasks and agreement of tlie people so tliat tlic construction can be soon carried out. - Com~iic~idingwidely, raising awarencss of responsibility of tlie popular com~nunityill following tlic precept: people know, peoplc discuss, people do, people inspcct. - Arranging rcsponsibly and cleal-ly c:~cli section. When tlie construction is completed. passing wlii~tIevcl Inanages. setting powcr and rcsponsibility which follows tlie cur~.ent laws. Delailed content call bc seen in the appendix, including idea contribution ticltct, correspondi~~g member co~nmunit~~.cpol-t and ofticial dispatch acceptled to tlie EIA rcport content of ward pcople's committee and [:atlierland Front Committee belonging to tlie project. 7 7 I lie Victna~iiescEIA ~.cportlias been approved by Can 'rho City People Committee based 011tlecision No.20 I OiQDlrB dated 27 August, 2008. 1 1.5. Public disclosure l'hc World Harik,. likc other donors. lenders and governlncnts around tlie world, lias regconized that many planned intcrvcr~tions in tlie past liavc led to undesirable impacts, exacerbating eco~ro~nic ineqi~alitiesand social - political injustices. As sucli, these agencies liave, in the past few years, been developing guidelines to ensure tliat ~neaningfi~lconsultation occurs, whereby relevant information is provided to tlie slakclioldel.~and their inputs are encouraged. Tlie World Bank 's guideline entitiled I'olicy on Disclosure of Information requires botli pi~blicco~isi~ltalio~i and public disc1osu1-cby the 1x-0-iectspo~i~~s iii tlic prcparation ofan environmental assessment. - Tlie 1irst dr-alts of EIA documents wcrc discloscd botli in Infosliol3 in Washington DC :uid in - conntry as ~.cquiredby tlic WorldBank. - l'hc Victiia~iic~,eversion of draft E4 report will be disclosed at PMU, Cali Tho DONRE and rclated wards in Mar, 2009. - Tlie linal draft will be replaccd after appraisal, scliedulecl at tlie end of Mar. 2009. VILI'NAM IJRUAN II I'(iRADIN(; PRO.IE('T - ('I\ N I FIO SIJ13-PIIO.IECrI' Con~ponent2, ollase 2 Envit-oamcn tal 1ial)iicts Asscssti~cr~t(El,\) CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion - Tlic content of EIA Report conforms to Decree No. 8012006lND-CP dated 29 Augilst, 2006 of tlic Government dctailedly guiding implelnentation oE some articles of tlie t-nvironmkntal Protection Law; Circular No. 0512008lTT-BTNMT dated December 8. 2008. guiding strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and cnvi~.on~iicntalprotection commitment.; - 1-lic Report is onc of the important and necessary procedures to submit to Government agencies related to environment for dctining the location, scale oE construction ant1 the permission ~Ffinancingcapital for tlic project. - Can Tho IJrban Ultgrading Project of componcnt 2, pliasc 2 is a feasible project and appropriate to tlie socio-economic dcveloprncnt plan tendency of Can Tlio City. satislies tlie demand Ihr socio-econo~nicdcvelo~~~iicnt in thc area. at once iriiproves environmental Iiygicnc conditions oftlic commi~nity - Duri~igconstruction, tlie project may cause some negative impacts to tlic society, cnvironme~itif there is no integrated plan combining transportation investment plan with rlie ma\tcr plan ol'tlic city (developing other i~~idcrgroi~ndsystems such as drainage and sewerage. water supply. electricity and commu~iicationetc). - During l,~eliniinary analysis of collectcd cnvironriicnt databases, it shows tliat almost all ol'tlie canals in tlie pro-jcct area arc pollutcd scriously, cscept Cai Klie canal. Thus, the cvatcr qi~alilytliere will be improved when upgl-adation tasks are implelnentcd and when tlic Waste.svater 'Frcatment Program of Can Tlio Cily is completzd by KtW. Thc water qilality i~iiprove~iientwill mitigatc diseases rclatcd to tlie ~vatcrsoilrce and enhance the local residents' Iiealtli living along tlic carials. - Prc?jcct Investor will invest in implementing strictly pollution mitigation Inensures talte~i frorn.tIie ri1>0t? that aim to reach tlic Victnames environmental standards. - Environ~iientMo~iitoring Program will be iniplemcnted as soon as tlie Government agrccs and gralits a permi! to tlie project, and the prc?ject is in construction and operation. Tlic ~iionilori~igti;:t~rcs will bc stored and tlic lcgal bases to tlic implementation of E~ivironmcnt:il Protection Law of Viet~iam. - Pollution domination and da~iiagingimpacts mitigation Iiieasures of the pro-jcct to tlie environmc~itb~.ougIit out and recommended in tlie rcport arc tlic feasible mcasures tliat rnay clisurc the Victnames Environmc~italStandards. VIE71NAM IJR[3AN [ JI'(iRAL)ING PRO.IECT - C'AN'I'I 10 YUB-1'RO.IECT Coalpo~~cnl2, ol~asc 2 Envil-onnlent;~lImr,acts Asscssmc~~t(KIA) Recommendation - Ililri~ig i~iiple~rie~ltatio~l,the Urban Upgrading Project Managel-uent Unit expects to receive tlie assistance from the People's Co~nmittces,Fatherland Fronts of the wards in the project areas, authorities and agencies in site clearance and resettle~nenttasks to get the Ir!nd to i~iiplementthc project soon. - I)i~ri~igprc?ject performance, PMU expects to receive the contributive ideas and support li-om tlic Department of Nalural Resou~.cesand Envirmi~iie~itof Can Tlio City in orcler to i~nple~iie~ite~~viron~iirntal protcction task well. - To solve tlie traffic division problem and tlie traffic jam, the project needs to cooperate with ward Traffic Police Oftices - Dust mitigation. construction hygiene combined with the Can Tho Urban Environment Company to carry out. - Thc sludge excavation plan neecls to be developed specitically and then submitted to rclevant autliority (DONRE) for approval before construction execution. This plan also needs to hc sub~iiittedto WB for awarding no-objection letter. Tlianglong Infrastructure Develop~iient.ISC.(Infra-ThangLong) 6