Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law
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Locating the Survivor in the Indian Criminal Justice System: Decoding the Law I
Locating the Survivor in the Indian Criminal Justice System: Decoding the Law i Locating the Survivorin the Indian Criminal Justice System: Decoding the Law LAWYERS COLLECTIVE WOMEN’S RIGHTS INITIATIVE Contents Contents v Foreword ix Acknowledgments xi Abbreviations xiii Introduction I. Kinds of Offences and Cases 2 1. Bailable Offence 2 2. Non Bailable Offence 2 3. Cognisable Offences 2 4. Non Cognisable Offences 2 5. Cognisable Offences and Police Responsibility 3 6. Procedure for Trial of Cases 3 II. First Information Report 4 1. Process of Recording Complaint 4 2. Mandatory Reporting under Section 19 of the POCSO Act 4 3. Special Procedure for Children 5 4. Woman Officer to Record Information in Specified Offences 5 5. Special Process for Differently-abled Complainant 6 6. Non Registration of FIR 6 7. Registration of FIR and Territorial Jurisdiction 8 III. Magisterial Response 9 1. Remedy against Police Inaction 10 IV. Investigation 11 1. Steps in Investigation 12 2. Preliminary, Pre-FIR Inquiry by the Police 12 Locating the Survivor in the Indian Criminal Justice System: Decoding the Law v 3. Process of Investigation 13 4. Fair Police Investigation 14 5. Statement and Confessions 14 (i) Examination and statements of witnesses 14 (ii) Confessions to the magistrate 16 (iii) Recording the confession 16 (iv) Statements to the magistrate 16 (v) Statement of woman survivor 17 (vi) Statement of differently abled survivor 17 6. Medical Examination of the Survivor 17 (i) Examination only by consent 17 (ii) Medical examination of a child 17 (iii) Medical examination report 18 (iv) Medical treatment of a survivor 18 7. -
Governance and the Media Irum Shehreen
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by BRAC University Institutional Repository CGS Working Paper CGS WP 3 Governance and the Media Irum Shehreen Ali Background Paper for The State of Governance in Bangladesh 2006 Produced in Collaboration with Research and Evaluation Division (RED) BRAC Centre for Governance Studies BRAC University Dhaka, Bangladesh www.cgs-bu.com The Centre for Governance Studies at BRAC University seeks to foster a new generation of researchers, public administrators and citizens with critical and analytical perspectives on governance. The Centre’s State of Governance research project is devoted to providing empirical evidence and conceptual clarity about governance in Bangladesh. It seeks to demystify a contentious topic to further constructive discussion and debate. Good governance is often viewed as a means of advancing the agendas of official and multilateral development institutions. The Centre believes, however, that there is a large domestic constituency for good governance; and that governance is properly deliberated between citizens and their state rather than by the state and external institutions. The Centre’s working papers are a means of stimulating domestic discourse on governance in Bangladesh. They bring to the public domain the insights and analyses of the new generation of researchers. The initial working papers were originally developed as contributions and background papers for The State of Governance in Bangladesh 2006, the Centre’s first annual report. David Skully, Editor, CGS Working Paper Series Visiting Professor CGS-BRAC University and Fulbright Scholar Center for Governance Studies Working Paper Series CGS WP 1 Ferdous Jahan: Public Administration in Bangladesh CGS WP 2 Nicola Banks: A Tale of Two Wards CGS WP 3 Irum Shehreen Ali: Governance and the Media Research and Evaluation Division (RED) of BRAC was set up in 1975 as an independent entity within the framework of BRAC. -
Employment Act
LAWS OF KENYA EMPLOYMENT ACT CHAPTER 226 Revised Edition 2012 [2007] Published by the National Council for Law Reporting with the Authority of the Attorney-General www.kenyalaw.org [Rev. 2012] CAP. 226 Employment CHAPTER 226 EMPLOYMENT ACT ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I – PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title. 2. Interpretation. 3. Application. PART II – GENERAL PRINCIPLES 4. Prohibition against forced labour. 5. Discrimination in employment. 6. Sexual harassment. PART III – EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP 7. Contract of service. 8. Oral and written contracts. 9. General provision of contract of service. 10. Employment particulars. 11. Statement of initial particulars. 12. Statement on disciplinary rules. 13. Statement of changes. 14. Reasonably accessible document or collective agreement. 15. Informing employees of their rights. 16. Enforcement. PART IV – PROTECTION OF WAGES 17. Payment, disposal and recovery of wages, allowances, etc. 18. When wages or salaries due. 19. Deduction of wages. 20. Itemised pay statement. 21. Statement of statutory deductions. 22. Power to amend provisions on pay and statements of deductions. 23. Security bond for wages. 24. Death of an employee. 25. Repayment of remuneration wrongfully withheld or deducted. PART V – RIGHTS AND DUTIES IN EMPLOYMENT 26. Basic minimum conditions of employment. 27. Hours of work. 28. Annual leave. 29. Maternity leave. 30. Sick leave. E7 - 3 [Issue 1] CAP. 226 [Rev. 2012] Employment Section 31. Housing. 32. Water. 33. Food. 34. Medical attention. PART VI – TERMINATION AND DISMISSAL 35. Termination notice. 36. Payment in lieu of notice. 37. Conversion of casual employment to term contract. 38. Waiver of notice by employer. 39. Contract expiring on a journey may be extended. -
Carrera De Ciencia Política Y Gestión Pública Mencion Relaciones Internacionales Y Diplomacia
UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRÉS FACULTAD DE DERECHO Y CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS CARRERA DE CIENCIA POLÍTICA Y GESTIÓN PÚBLICA MENCION RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES Y DIPLOMACIA PROYECTO DE GRADO NUEVAS BASES PARA LA RENEGOCIACIÓN DEL TRATADO DE 1904 SUSCRITO ENTRE LOS ESTADOS DE BOLIVIA Y CHILE Postulante: Aaron Gálvez Pattzi Tutor: Lic. Victor Hugo Chávez Serrano La Paz – Bolivia 2015 EL PRESENTE TRABAJO DE INVESTIGACIÓN FUE SOMETIDO A SUSTENTACIÓN ACADÉMICA ANTE TRIBUNAL PARA OBTENER LA GRADUACIÓN CORRESPONDIENTE Y SEA HABILITADO PARA OPTAR EL GRADO DE LICENCIATURA EN CIENCIA POLÍTICA. “NUEVAS BASES PARA LA RENEGOCIACIÓN DEL TRATADO DE 1904 SUSCRITO ENTRE LOS ESTADOS DE BOLIVIA Y CHILE” Lic. Marcelo Peralta García Director de Carrera Lic. Diego Murillo Bernardis Lic. Victor Hugo Chávez Serrano Docente Tutor Materia de Talle II ÍNDICE GENERAL INTRODUCCIÓN GENERAL ................................................................................................................... 1 CAPITULO I .......................................................................................................................................... 5 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ...................................................................................................... 5 1.1. Problema de investigación. ...................................................................................................... 5 1.2. Objetivo general. ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.3. Justificación. -
KI LAW of INDIGENOUS PEOPLES KI Law Of
KI LAW OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES KI Law of indigenous peoples Class here works on the law of indigenous peoples in general For law of indigenous peoples in the Arctic and sub-Arctic, see KIA20.2-KIA8900.2 For law of ancient peoples or societies, see KL701-KL2215 For law of indigenous peoples of India (Indic peoples), see KNS350-KNS439 For law of indigenous peoples of Africa, see KQ2010-KQ9000 For law of Aboriginal Australians, see KU350-KU399 For law of indigenous peoples of New Zealand, see KUQ350- KUQ369 For law of indigenous peoples in the Americas, see KIA-KIX Bibliography 1 General bibliography 2.A-Z Guides to law collections. Indigenous law gateways (Portals). Web directories. By name, A-Z 2.I53 Indigenous Law Portal. Law Library of Congress 2.N38 NativeWeb: Indigenous Peoples' Law and Legal Issues 3 Encyclopedias. Law dictionaries For encyclopedias and law dictionaries relating to a particular indigenous group, see the group Official gazettes and other media for official information For departmental/administrative gazettes, see the issuing department or administrative unit of the appropriate jurisdiction 6.A-Z Inter-governmental congresses and conferences. By name, A- Z Including intergovernmental congresses and conferences between indigenous governments or those between indigenous governments and federal, provincial, or state governments 8 International intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) 10-12 Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) Inter-regional indigenous organizations Class here organizations identifying, defining, and representing the legal rights and interests of indigenous peoples 15 General. Collective Individual. By name 18 International Indian Treaty Council 20.A-Z Inter-regional councils. By name, A-Z Indigenous laws and treaties 24 Collections. -
Restorative Justice Policy in Context: a Legal‑Archaeological Analysis
Int J Semiot Law https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-020-09747-0 Restorative Justice Policy in Context: A Legal‑Archaeological Analysis Giuseppe Maglione1 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract This paper provides an original, in-depth analysis of English and Welsh criminal and penal policy on restorative justice. By using a historically-discursive approach— legal archaeology—this study frstly outlines the overarching representations of restorative justice within policy, unpacking their internal organisation. Then, it inter- prets such patterns of knowledge in light of specifc cultural, political and profes- sional transformations involving the Anglo-Welsh criminal justice feld over the last 30 years. Along these lines, it generates a historically documented policy map whilst problematising the taken-for-granted images of restorative justice which populate regulations, codes and laws. This has implications for the study of the relationships between restorative justice policy and practice and for future research on the insti- tutionalisation of this ‘new’ frontier of penality. More generally, the exploration of (unexpected) links between policy, politics and culture, provides material for a criti- cal assessment of how state agencies appropriate community-based and practice-led forms of justice. Keywords Restorative justice · Reparation · Legal archaeology · Discourses · England and Wales 1 Introduction Criminologists and legal scholars have hailed restorative justice (RJ) as one of the most ‘signifcant developments in criminal justice and criminological practice and thinking’ [21: 19] over the last 30 years, globally. Although defnitions of RJ are contested [68], there is a recurrent assumption delimiting this concept: people directly involved in a crime should have a say on how to deal with its consequences [10, 132, 139]. -
The Rise and Rise of the Administrative State
Boston University School of Law Scholarly Commons at Boston University School of Law Faculty Scholarship 1994 The Rise and Rise of the Administrative State Gary Lawson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Administrative Law Commons, Constitutional Law Commons, and the Supreme Court of the United States Commons THE RISE AND RISE OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE STATE Gary Lawson* The post-New Deal administrative state is unconstitutional,' and its validation by the legal system amounts to nothing less than a bloodless constitutional revolution. 2 The original New Dealers were aware, at least to some degree, that their vision of the national gov- ernment's proper role and structure could not be squared with the written Constitution: 3 The Administrative Process, James Landis's classic exposition of the New Deal model of administration, fairly drips with contempt for the idea of a limited national government subject to a formal, tripartite separation of powers. 4 Faced with a choice between the administrative state and the Constitution, the architects of our modern government chose the administrative state, and their choice has stuck. There is a perception among some observers, however, that this post-New Deal consensus has recently come under serious legal attack, * Associate Professor, Northwestern University School of Law. B.A. ig8o, Claremont Men's College; J.D. 1983, Yale Law School. I am grateful to Robert W. Bennett, Steven G. Calabresi, Cynthia R. Farina, Patricia B. Granger, Daniel Polsby, Martin H. Redish, Jennifer Roback, Marshall Shapo, and the participants at colloquia at Cornell Law School and Northwestern University School of Law for their insightful comments and suggestions. -
Judge Fatsah OUGUERGOUZ
Judge Fatsah OUGUERGOUZ Algerian Born on 27 December 1958 Working languages: English and French Email: [email protected] EDUCATION March 1991: Ph. D. in International Law (with honours), The Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva (Switzerland). June 1980: Licence en droit (mention assez-bien), Faculty of Law, University of Saint-Etienne (France). JUDICIAL, ARBITRAL, MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION EXPERIENCE Since November 2016: President, International Commission of Inquiry on Burundi, appointed pursuant to Resolution 33/24 of the United Nations Human Rights Council (Geneva). January2006/ September 2016 : Judge, African Court of Human and Peoples'Rights (Arusha, Tanzania) (re- elected on 23 July 2010 for a mandate of 6 years, at the XVth African Union Summit, Kampala, Uganda). Drafted many judgments and orders in my capacity as judge rapporteur; drafted 23 separate or dissenting opinions (see below, pages 6 and 7). 2012/2013: Vice-President of the African Court of Human and Peoples'Rights. Since August 2016: Sole Arbitrator, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Dispute between an individual claimant and an intergovernmental organization (pending). Since January 2016: Co-Arbitrator, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Dispute between an investment company and a State (pending). 2010/2011 : Independent Expert on the Situation of Human Rights in Burundi, appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council (Geneva). Monitoring of the human rights situation in Burundi, encouraging dialogue between the Government of Burundi and political partners and civil society, assisting the Government in capacity building in the context of a peace building process (reform of the justice and penitentiary system, establishment of the transitional justice mechanisms provided for by the Peace and Reconciliation Agreement for Burundi, signed in Arusha on 28 August 2000). -
WAITE, Prince Neto DCB Admission Identification: 888 018 736
WAITE, Prince Neto DCB Admission Identification: 888 018 736 Proposal for J.S.D. Thesis NYU School of Law For Fall 2011 Admission A Critical Assessment of the Concept of Due Diligence in International Law A. Summary Accountability and compliance is an ever-relevant item on the agenda of the international legal system. This item brings into sharp focus the role of development when the substantive obligations are conduct-oriented, i.e., they are based on due diligence. Due diligence relates to acting to prevent a thing or state of affairs from coming about. This thesis will examine whether due diligence can be an effective and appropriate tool to uphold the 'rule of international law’ by ensuring compliance with international obligations through the balancing of competing interests. The thesis will seek to evaluate the concept of due diligence against the legal aims and objectives of achieving justice, effectiveness as well as the practicability of this doctrinal concept in economic terms. This will be done in order to form a view as to whether we should rethink due diligence, its role and scope or completely jettison it from international legal doctrine. The operationalisation of this thesis will involve; a) an examination of the historical development of due diligence and its status, scope and content in international law; b) a comprehensive mapping of due diligence through the assessment of the work of the International Law Commission (ILC) and other drafting committees as well as international judicial treatment of the concept and; c) an inquiry into and questioning of the very rationale and prudence of the due diligence concept by evaluating, inter alia, the scope for its application to non-state actors. -
Multi-Tiered Marriage: Ideas and Influences from New York and Louisiana to the International Community
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by bepress Legal Repository MULTI-TIERED MARRIAGE: IDEAS AND INFLUENCES FROM NEW YORK AND LOUISIANA TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY Joel A. Nichols* ABSTRACT This Article contends that American society needs to hold a genuine discussion about alternatives to current conceptions of marriage and family law jurisdiction. Specifically, the Article suggests that the civil government should consider ceding some of its jurisdictional authority over marriage and divorce law to religious communities that are competent and capable of adjudicating the marital rites and rights of their respective adherents. There is historical precedent and preliminary movement toward this end -- both within and without the United States -- which might serve as the framework for further discussions. Within the United States, the relatively new covenant marriage statutes of Louisiana, Arizona, and Arkansas provide a form of two-tiered marriage and divorce law. But there is even an earlier, and potentially more fulsome, example in New York’s get statutes. New York’s laws derive from civil statutes that deal with specific problems raised by the intersection of civil law and Jewish law in marriage and divorce situations. New York’s laws implicitly acknowledge that there are multiple understandings of the marital relationship already present among members of society. These examples from within the United States lay the groundwork for a heartier discussion of the proper role of the state and other groups with respect to marriage and divorce law. As part of that discussion, the Article contends that the United States should look outward, to the practices of other countries. -
THE DEATH of BAHA MOUSA the Death of Baha Mousa GERRY SIMPSON*
THE DEATH OF BAHA MOUSA The Death of Baha Mousa GERRY SIMPSON* [Between March 2003 and September 2004, 100 000 Iraqis are believed to have died as a consequence of the invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003. Baha Mousa, an Iraqi hotel clerk was one of them. Mr Mousa died in Basra on or around 15 September 2003, after sustaining 93 separate injuries while in the custody of British soldiers belonging to the Duke of Lancaster’s Regiment. This think piece is about the law produced and invoked by his death.] CONTENTS I Introduction II Unlawful Conditioning III Common Law Crime IV War Crime V Human Rights Violation VI Baha Mousa How violent Schultz had sounded over the telephone. ‘I want justice,’ he had said. I wonder how many murders have been committed, and how many wars have been fought with that as a slogan … Justice is a thing that is better to give than to receive, but I am sick of giving it … I think it should be a prerogative of the gods.1 I INTRODUCTION On 14 September 2003, in Basra, southern Iraq, a hotel receptionist named Baha Mousa2 was detained by soldiers of the British Army’s Duke of Lancaster’s Regiment. Mousa and several other Iraqis were brought to a detention facility operated by the United Kingdom Armed Forces, and formerly run by Saddam Hussein’s cousin, Ali Hassann al-Majid, better known as ‘Chemical Ali’. Thirty-six hours later, Mr Mousa’s family were informed that Mr Mousa had died during detention. A subsequent post-mortem revealed that he had received 93 separate injuries, including a broken nose and fractured ribs — other prisoners suffered serious kidney damage.3 The reaction (on the part of the military, the legal profession, the media and the British establishment) to this incident tells us a little about the way * Gerry Simpson is a Professor of International Law at the London School of Economics. -
The Role of UNESCO in Promoting Universal Human Rights
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2018 The role of UNESCO in promoting universal human rights. From 1948 to 2005 Andorno, Roberto DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315589312 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-158412 Book Section Accepted Version Originally published at: Andorno, Roberto (2018). The role of UNESCO in promoting universal human rights. From 1948 to 2005. In: Caporale, Cinzia; Pavone, Ilja Richard. International biolaw and shared ethical principles : The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights. Oxford: Routledge, 7-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315589312 In: C. Caporale and I. Pavone (eds.), International biolaw and shared ethical principles. The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, Oxford: Routledge, 2018, p. 7-21. The role of UNESCO in promoting universal human rights From 1948 to 2005 Roberto Andorno Introduction UNESCO was created in the aftermath of the Second World War to reaffirm the conviction of the international community that intercultural dialogue and respect for justice and human rights are essential to build a durable peace. The UNESCO Constitution, which was adopted in November 1945, states that the first objective of the organization is to contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science and culture in order to further universal respect for“ justice, for the rule of law and for human rights and fundamental freedoms Consistent with this goal, UNESCO formed in 1947 a committee of intellectuals from different”.