MS-603: Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, 1945-1992. Series D: International Relations Activities. 1961-1992 Box 72, Folder 6, Soviet Jewry - world conference, 1984.

3101 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220 (513) 221-1875 phone, (513) 221-7812 fax americanjewisharchives.org ,v

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SURVEY 0 F E V' E NT S

-· AU. G U S T

1984 - 1 - u.s·.A. & CANADA

. UNITED STATES 'AND CANADA

Fi\re u.s. -initiated changes in postal regulations aimed at halting Soviet disruption of international mail, we~ approved at the Universal rostal Union congress in Hamburg. Among other ~ings, _the ·resolutions will require clearer language regarding prohibited materials, description .of seized packages and stated reasons for their interception. Al_so approved were proposals ensuring proper handling of registered mail and re~urn of del1very forms. The move for new regulations. foll,owed action by the Congress, : initiated by Rep. Benjamin A. Gilman (R-NY.). The Soviets "conderoned" Gilman's activities and counterattacked by charging that the u.s.- is "responsible for disrupting norinal mai;I. traffic".. . . · · Rep. Maio Biaggi has introduced legislatio11, House Resolution. 6092 ,··which would halve the cQst of postage on parcels sent from the U.S. to the USSR.

A joint resolution condemning the low rate of emigration of Soviet Jews was passed by Congress and sent t .o :President Reagan for his approval. The resolu.tion stated · that the · easing of restrictions against ~oviet Jews would be seen as a good will signal that the Soviets are prepared .to embark upon negotiations with the ·us in other areas as well.· The joint resolution calls upon Presi.dent Reagan to ".urge ·soviet compli~nce with international law", ending such violations as ·"the systematic intereference with the practice of the Hebrew language and culture, a~d restriction of . · . · Jewish rel'igious expression".

· Al'eksander Yakir President Reagan called the Yakir trial "part of the Soviet campaign of increased harassment of foreigners and Soviet citizens", and expressed concern t_hat "this .may really be . ·: intended as a ~arning to refuseniks to stay away from dissidents .anq foreigners".

Walter Mondale, in protesting Yakir's "cruel and inhuman treatmeflt~ urged the Soviets"t.o 'lift the restrictions imposed upon Jews and the camp~ign of ha~assreent, intimidation and go~ernrnent-sponsored anti-Semitism".

Fifteen -members of the American Physical Society cabled Academician Anatoly Al~xandrov, President of the Academy of Sciences in Moscow, urginc;:r him to help save Yakir "from an undeserved punishment and the Soviet Union from an unnecessary black mark on its_ reputation".· 2 U. S.:A. & CANADA

Thirty teenagers were recently .received by. the Soviet Vice­ Consul in San Francisco for over an hour of talks, concerning the quality of life· . Soviet Jews. Valery Belokurov dismissed the .students' ·cla-im.s ·as "Western propaganda". He added tha·t it is "easy" for: Jews to leave the Soviet Union, but "very difficult for them to ret.urn".

Yurt Tarnop<:>'lsky

Prof. Beatrice Loerinc and colleagues· of the Dept. of Statistics and Computer Information Systems, Baruch College, the City Univ~rsity of .New York, sent letteJS to the President ·of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, A.P. Aleksandrov: to Gen. Proc. Rekunkov ·and the .Commandant of the Chita Cainp. The letters include an urgent appeal for an intervention on Dr. Tarnopolsky's behalf ,which weuld alleviate the charges of inhUltl.ane t .reatment currently ievelled against the USSR. Copy of t:h~ letter was sent. to the Soyiet ambassador to the . u.s.A., Mr. Anatoly Dobrynin.

Aug. 26-30 Assembled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, close to 200 chemist~ sl.gned petitions t~ S·oviet officials on behalf of Yuri Tarnopolsky, chronicling hi~ ~aitreatment and appealing for redress.. Th·e chemists·' rnessage was ~ddressed _to Mi·nister of the Interior Vitali v. Fedorchuk, to A •.P. Aleksandrov and to the camp commandant at the Chita labor camp • . To underscore their concern, the petitioners sent :this same message to the .soviet ambassador"to the United States, .An~toly Dobrynin.

several letters on behalf of Yuri Tarriopolsky were sent to Rekunkov, Aleksandrov and the Cornmand~nt of the Chita Camp; ~y American citizens from Massachussetts.

The Clinical Chemistry News of August 1964 published an article on Tarnopolsky's condition. *** Testifying before the Republican National Committee in Dalla~, Herbert Rosenthal, a member of the NCSJ Board of .Governors, urged the American government to broaden its role on behalf of Soviet Jewry. Other people gave 'similar testi1t1onies.

The Portland Jewish Review pUblished a list of 12 refusenik famil~es, asking members of the community to send them New Year greetings by registered mail• - 3 - U ~ S .A. & CANADA

Aug. 21 The New York Times reported of Je ~ne Kirkpatrick'!? speech at the Republican Convention in Dallas. Among other topics, she referred to the Soviets' jaJ11I1ting of Western· broadcasts: the denial of Jewish emigration: the brutal · imprisonment of Anatoly Shcharansky and Ida Nude! and the re-Stalinization of the Soviet Union. Aug. 12 To mark the 32nd anniversary o·f "The. Night of the Murdered Poets", the GNYCSJ issued the text of "Days Grow Darker".', by Leh Kvito, on the poets murdered on August 12, 1952. Atig. 13 The Committee fpr Yiddish, Toronto Jewish Congress and the Committee for Soviet Jewry, Ontario Region, Canada, co~memorated the 32nd anniversary of the execution of S.oviet Jewish writers and artists by a "Night of the Murdered roets". Among the guest speakers was Robert Nixon, M.P.P., who recently returned from a visit to the Soviet Unio.n. * * * NJCRAC called upon· its agencies to send New Year greetings to refusenik families in the USSR. * * * Members of the Council of the City of New York adopte~ refusenik families and wrote ·letters to Soviet authorities on behalf of Vladimir and tsolda Tufeld, Beniamin Bogomolny, Inesa Brokhina, Mikhail and Anna Shoikhet, Arkady Mai and Elena Seidel, Aleksander Kushnir, Evgeny and Irina Lein . and Yuri Gelfand. · * * * Yosif Begun Dr. Robert Goldberger, Provost of Columbia University, cabled to the Minister of Health in Moscow, asking for details on Begun's current status of illness, in regard to his hospitalization. Other similar cables were sent by Dr. Gregerman, Dr. Axelrod, Dr. Nirenberg, Dr. Lipsett .. and Dr. Adelstein from Bethesda, Maryland; Dr. Douglas Zipes­ from Indiana and Dr. Simaru, Dr.. Gold, D.r. Tannenbaum and Dr . Fuks from Ottawa, Canada. * * * Aug. 17 ·· Aleksande·r Kholmiansk;y NJCRAC issued a:. letter to · 37 communities:, advising that protest cables be sent -in large numbers to A. P..ekunkov, Proc. Gen. and to Karl ! • . Kimmel, the E~tonian Proc. Members were also asked to make telephone calls to these Soviet officials, prior to Aug. 23, the assumed da~e of Kholmiansky's trial . 4 - U. s·.A. & CANADA

Aleksander p·aritsky-

Ptof. Beatric~ Loerinc, Departrrent ~f Statistics- and Computer Information ~ystems, .Baruch College, .the City Univer~ity . of New York, wrot.e to B~E. Paton, Presfdent ·Of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, asking that Dr. Paritsky be allowed to emigrate with hfs :{amily, _ followi~g his release from labor camp. The letter was also sent to Petrenko, Head of the Ukrainian OVIR, _and to the Soviet Ambassador to the USA, Mr. Anatoly Dobrynin •.

· Igor and ·Inna Uspensky ·

Aug. 27 NY - The Committee of Concerned Scientist~, .in their News . Release, ~tated as foll<;>ws : · "The' .stifl,ing O,f two prolific careers i~ e~torrol9gy, inspired a wave o·f support among participants ga·thered at the XVII Intern~tional co·ngress of Entomology in Hamb"1rg, Germany, August 20-2.6. · Conferees from nine countries signed peti.tions to Soviet ·scientific· . officials expressi.ng their indignation over the treatment of Drs. ~gcr and Inna Uspensky." ••• "In their petition to President of the Soviet Academy of Sciences Anatoly P. Aleks_androv, President qf the Soviet Academy of Medical Sciences N.N. · Blokhin. and Mini'ster of Health Serge.i P. Burenkov, the conferees argued that inasmuch as the _Uspenskys 'have been denied th.e right to work professionally in the. Soviet Unio.n ••• they should be a·llowed to emigrate 'inunediately ~ 11

.• - s · FRANCE

FRANCE

Aleksander Yaldr

Aug. 13 Jean Poperen, President of the European Inter Parliamentary Committee, (Deputy & No. two in the Socialist Party), sent a telegram to Gen. Prqc. ·Rekunkov and to the' Minister of yustice of the USSR, v. Terebilov. protes'ting the sentence of two years in camp which A. Yakir received.

. Aug. 24 Mr. Harris Puisais, an official in ·the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, sent a letter to Mr. Malamet-Bee'r of Lille's Solidarity Committee with Soviet Jewry, asserting that the French Government will raise Aleksander Yakir's case on every appropriate occasion · ~ith the Soviet authorities.

Aug. 30 Mr. George Frtcne, Deput.y-~1ayor of Montpellier (Socialist Party), sent letters to Soviet Proc. Geri. A·. Rekunkov and to Soviet Minister of .Justice A. Terebilov, .asking them to review Yakir's sentence and grant· him permission. to emigrate to Israel. _ . ·

~ug. 16 Yacov L·evin

~The Niepomniashchi Co:minittee" from Marseille (twinned with Odessa), sent a· letter to the Mayor of' Marseille, . Mr. · Gaston Deferre, who is also a State Minister, supplying him with details on Levin's case-history, and asking him to intervene on his behalf with 'the appropriate Soviet authorities. Aug. 20 ·z·akhar· ·zutishain

Mr·. George Fr~che ·sent letters to Pro.c. Geri. ·A. Rekunkov and· to the ·President of the· ·supreme Court of r.,.a tvia, with an appeal that Zunshain be 'granted the right to be present at his trial and defend himself.

Aug. 29 Yul'i Edel'shtein Press release reporting the ·sea·rches of four Hebrew teachers' apartments in Moscow, with ·special stress on Yuli Edelshtein's case. The press release was distributed among various cqmmittees in France and abroad, with a request to approach Soviet authorities with lettersof· protest.

A~g. 30 · · Aleksan'der· Kholmi'arisky·::

Mr. George Fr~che serit letters to Proc • . Geri • .A. Rektinkov, to the Proc. of Estonia :Karl I. Kirmnel .and to ..' the President of the Supreme Court of Es.tonia Robert Simson·, asking them to allow Alesander Kholmiansky emigrate ·to Israe.1. - 6 - FRANCE

Aug. 30 Yost·f · Begun

I~na Begti.n's letter of Aug. 23rd to Konstantin Chernenko, i~ which she complains of her h.usband' s special copfinement, was distributed among members of Begun' s ·cormni ttee and . 'the Committee for the Defence of the Jewish Culture in the· . USSR, tr~'de-unions, lawyers, professors at var:ious· . univer~ities, the pr.ess etc. The ·1e·tter .was also published in the ·journal· of the Federation ·of Human Rights. July-Aug. Yurl: TarnopO'l'skx . . . The. Yuri .Tarnopolsky Committee lallll;ched a successful campaign among .poets, who strongly expressed .their solidarity and· sympathy with Yuri• In L·a· ·Trc»nche r . for example, they had people ·sign a letter 'tO'-Soviet Minister of Culture.! Pio.tr Demitchev, and_ it was reported of in "La Vague a l'Ame", specializing in poetry. - 7 -

SWEDEN

S W E D' E N

J u Ii y

J.uly 9 The Chairman of the Co~ittee for ~oviet Jewry 'in G8teborg and a Swedish MP, participated in an hour lon9 radio broadqast on the. situation of Soviet Jews.

· 'ARTICLES 'IN THE PRESS . . . July 4 · The editorial in He'ls·hl' b·or·g ua·qb'!'adet was dedicated to· the state of Soviet Jews. ft a1so reported of the ·unaccomplished visit of the ex-President of Israel E. Katsir to these Jews. Additional articles on this subject appeared in four other newspapers. July 7 Marking Yosif Bequn's birthday on July 9, the Committee for Soviet Jewry in Stockholm published an . a·dveitiserrient in . Sweden's four leading .newspapers, including details on his imprisonment, and an appeal to the pubiic to send him letters of comfort. ·' Dagen published an artic~e on Begun.

July 8 An article op Anatoly Shcharansky in tfle· 'Expres ·s ·~. ri• .

July 29 ~ article on the 'plight of Soviet Jews in ve·ck'C)p'O's"ten.

· A U 'G ·u -s· T

Aug. 8 A 20 minute long TV program, including interviews with Yelena and Arkady M~y in their Mosco·w apartment. A Swedish His.tory Professo·r, who intervi~wed refuseniks during his visit to Moscow, participated in the. progra_m, a s well .as the Minister of Em~gration in the sw~dish government.

Aug . 10 A . dernons~ration of 40 people took place in front of the Soviet General Consulate in G8tebo~g. The demonstrators, who · carried banners reading "Let My People C..o~, da~ced and sang Hebrew songs. The event was broadcast on the radio, including an interview with the Rabbi of Gateborg and the Head of th~ Committee for Soviet Jewry.

·Aug ~ 18 In the big synagogue :of Stockholm a twin Bat-?1,itzvah · celebration was held, .one· of .the girls being Maria Gronik of Moscow. The head. of the Committee for Soviet Jewry in Stockholm, who is the grandfather of the Bat-Mitzvah, gave a speech on. Soviet Jewry, and encouraged other members to hold similar ceiebrations. 8 -

SWEDEN,· NORWAY 1 . DENMARK

Aug. 23 Members of the Humanitarian· Swedish Committee for Soviet .• Jewry sent cables. to .. Soviet officials concerning the situation of· A'l'ek'~fall'der-_ Y'akir;· ·copies were. sent to the Soviet Embassay in Stockholm: ·

~119. 24-27 .Three Swedish scientists participated in the Scientists' seminar held by refuseniks in Moscow.

ARTICLES' J:N THE' PRESS

August An article on Soviet Jews in· Nenimets· V!nn.

Aug. 7 Gateborf Post~ and ~teborg Tidningen pubrished articles on the· sta e ot soviet Jews ana the soViets' breach of the Heisinky accords.

Aug • . 8-9 ·oetailed articles and positive coromentary in the four leading newspapers of Sweden, following the TV .program of Aug. 8.

An article in Uppsala ·¥;a Tidni~ titled "The Disgraceful Crime", including a de ·al!ed de~cription on ~he TV program of Aug. • B. ·

· A~g. 16 An article on anti-Semitism in the USSR in UE)Psa·la ~)'a Tidning·•

.Aug. 19 ·The Historian, Prof. ~eibull, published an article on the situation of Jews in the Soviet Union in Svenska· oa·gbladet.

' NO. RWAY

Aug. · 24"."'27 A sci.etjtist from Norway visited refusenik scientists in Moscow and participated in a· seminar they hel:d.

· D· EN .MA R K

Aug. 27 A fifty-minute movie on Soviet Jews was shown on the Danish TV station.

· AR'J:TCLEs· 'I°N: THE PRESS July 9 A Danish MP who visited refuseniks in Moscow, teirs of her experiences and of the European Parliamentary. <:;onference in London in which she· 'participated, _in Berli'gske Tiden:de.

Aug~ 30 Po·lit'iken ptiblished articles both by .the ·Danish :MP and·. by Prof. Weibull, .th~ Swedish 'Historian, who - following his visit to refuseniks in Mosocw, .took part in the SWedish TV pro~ram on Aug. 8. .·

9 MEXICO

..... ' MEXICO .,.. Aug. 23 Aleksande·r Yakir . senator· Andres Henestrosa, P·resident of the ·Latin-American Committee for Soviet Jewry, and Sergio Nudelstejer, General Secretary of the Committee, cabled Gen. Proc. of the USSR A • . Rekunkov, requesting that Yakir be released and permitted to emig~ate to Israel~ Aleksande·r Kholrniansky . . Martin Luis Guzman, President of the Mexican Committee f~r Soviet Jewry, Esther Talamantes and Pedrp Ramirez Vasquez, · both Vice-Presidents of .the Commit~eE;!· , s~nt a cabl~ to · · the - ~storiian Procurator, asking for the release of Kholmiansky.

*** The survey of events Jr:i .. August · for England and Israel wl 11 b~ Jn·cluded tn our "Survey" for September 1984 .

·. G 0002

THE GENERAL SITUATION IN THE SOVIET UNION ACCORDING TO THE SOVIET PRESS AND RADIO SEPTEMBER 1984

In our previous review we noted that In the most diverse flelds unprecedented events ate · taklng p I ace In the Soviet Un I on and are be Ing reported In the press, whereas In the past, such events, even ·1 f they did occur, were never mentioned In publlc. For example, the

newspapers reported ~hat the tttte of deputy was taken away from deputies of the Supreme Soviet by decision of the workers. The .

description qf Zunshaln's trial may serve as another example~ till now not only were there no descriptions of the trials of refuseniks In

the press, but th~re were never even any references to the fact. that such trials had taken place. Another example: the American preacher Bii ly Graham was allowed to preach In the Soviet Union, and this was reported In the press, and so on. In September 1984 the list of unprecedented events was, so to say, expanded. '_'Sovetskala Belorussl la, 11 on 22 September 1984, printed the speech of CPSU Centra I Comm I ttee Secretary E. K. Ll gachev to the 20th Plenum of the Belorussian Commu.nlst. Party. In h.fs. speech. Llgachev said the. fol ·lowlng: "Durl'ng the past year more than one-third of your Komsomol town committee and district committee first s.ecretarles have been changed, and among the second secretarles" - · half of all the workers•" ."In certain town committees and district committees

of the Belorussian Communist Party •• ~ during the last three years Komsomol members constituted 70-90 per cent of those expe l'led or who dropped out of being candidates to the party. 11 "In your republic every third crime Is committed by· a drunk." It should be explained that untr· 1 now the Soviet press, wlien condemning v~rlous ugly phenomena In Soviet life Clf It condemned them at all), always did this using a fl~ed formula, which looked something llke this: "Along with our great achievements there are various defects," .or, "In our society, whl_ch Ts the happiest In· the whole world, one sometimes stlll c:omes across Individual renegades," and so on. It Is quite clear .that these forinulas have nothing tn conmori

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wJth the statlstlcal data cited by the CPSU Central Committee secretary. From this· speech we learn that "ttie first secretaries of the Komsomol oblast ~regional) and kral committees have been Included In the llst of high ranking

government appointments of the CPSU C~ntral Committee.'! In general articles about youth and about the Komsomol continue to be printed In large numbers, and, In particular, special attention Is devoted .to the pernicious effects of Western mu.sic ory the youth. Llgachev spoke about this also In his speech, as do many articles, for example, "Barbarosa Rock and Ro I I - About How Those Wt\o .Manage the Mus I ca I Programs of Western Radio Stations Turn Music Into. an Instrument of I deo I og l ca I Subvers I on" <"Komsomo I 'ska ra Pravda," 16 September 1984 >. Am011g the unprecedented p.henomena the re ls the pub 11 sh Ing of · the names of KGB offlclals (about which we also wrote In our previous reviews>. In the article "To Raise Polltlcal Vlgl lance - Guarantee of the lnvlolablllty of the State's Border. <"Zarla Vostoka," 25 September 1984) the First Deputy Chairman of the Ge_orglan SSR KGB was named. Pravda," 25 September 1984).) The · article "To Raise Pol ltlcal Vlgl lance" ls Interesting· for . . another reason, apart from the one mentioned ·above. The fact that the question of the lnvlolablllty of the state's border was raised,

one might say, for no apparent reason Cnot In conne~tlon with Border Guard Day nor with an~ other event>°ls remark.ab le-. In ltself,-- and even more .so since the lnvlol~blllty of the Soviet bord~r was dealt wt.th,

~f only Indirectly, In. conn~ctlon with ag~ressors, among whom Israel, "wh I ch torments Ara~ countrl es," occup ., es f I rst p I ace. "At the beglnnlng of the 1980s the rate of economic growth In ttie USSR slowed down." This phenomenon ls not on.ly regular:- but It has been an on-going process. However, the fact that ltwas reported In the head I I ne to the artl c le "Sovl et EconO'lly: Stakes Are PI aced on Modem Technology" ls really unprecedented, even more so since the article was pub II shed Jn ·"Sputnik" CNo. 9, 1984), which Is a Soviet digest appearing In four European languages.

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Re·gard Ing the SovJ et economy, It shou Id be noted that on 1 September 1984 retaJI prices were lowered <"Kommunfst," 1 September 1984, and In all the other newspapers>. Cit Js not within the scope of our review to analyze the essence of this measure, or more correctly, Its fictitiousness.> Apart from this, during Septerrber In regard to the ec90omy specfal attention was devoted to the problems of transport, iorestry, developing the North, and for some reason pharmacies · · wafe mentioned. A book by Karbelashvf If, "The Is No Happiness without a Homeland"

C"Azlla I Afrlka Segodnla," No.~, 1984), Insofar as It talks about the Persian Gulf and the diplomatic and consular representations of Russia In the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire, In particular, . In Baghdad, Cairo, Aleksandrl-a, Aleppo, and Beirut. More and more attention Is being allotted to questions of Ideology. These questions were discussed In the Pol ltbureau. ("In the Pol ftbureau of the CPSU Centra I Commf ttee," "Komsomol 'ska I a Pravda, 11 28 September

1984.> A book by L. M. Zamlatln (head of the CPSU Central Comm~ttee department of foreign Information), "The Ideological Struggle and Questions of Peace" C"APN" C"Novostl") Publlshtng House, 1984) was publlshed, and a review of It, "Trut~ aga_lnst Lies" <"Krasnala Zvezda," 27 September 1984). A huge number of artlcles was devoted to ldeologlcal-educatlonal work. For example, there was the article "To Improve the Organization and Raise the Effectiveness of

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I deo I og I ca I -Educat Iona I Work" C"Bak Ins k II Raboch II . ,'~ 13 September 1984 f, which stated, In partlcular: . "Every Communist should be able to conduct an offensive struggle with the lntr!gues of anti-Soviet propaganda, to expose . It" to show tn·tolerance to gossip Involving unhealthy ·· rumors and to jokes ••• to expose e~fectlvely the Insinuations and propagandistic actions of the ldeologtcal opponent ••• "

The govemme~t's course of encouraging the so-called "peop·le's .power,nwhfch was begun under Andropov, this nonth received, so to say, a second wind In connection with the. approach of Constitution Day. • CFor example, there was the artlcle of o. ~lkltln, head of the departme~t . . for questions of the work of the Soviets In the Presidium of the USSR . . Supreire Soviet, "The ~allty of ·soviet People's Power' <"Agitator," No. 18, September 1984).> Of course, the decisive role of the CPSU remains In force. For example,''.The party, with Its advice and recommendations, assists the sbclo-ldeologlcal orientation of artists In .. the world around them." .("The CPSU and Artistic Culture." "Argumenty I Fakty," No. 35, 1984.l A'rtlcles abo1,1t how some tourists are delighted with the Soviet Union and others, on the contrary ," carry out subve·rslve activity against · It have. not disappeared from the pages of the press. Regarding foreigners, we note the artlcle , "1 Do Not Notice That Am a Foreigner ••• ", C"Moskovskala Pravda," 24 August 1984), In which It was repqrted that at a joint session of the Comnl.sslon on Foreign Affairs of the Soviet of the Union and of the Soviet of Natlonalltles of the USSR Supreme Soviet the question was exa~lned of preparing Jn the Soviet Union national cadres of specialists and quallfled workers ·from foreign countries.

Materlals also continue to be prlnte~ about the work of .the organs preserylng law and order and about vlolatlons of the law. ("Session

of the Commission on Leglslatlve Proposals," "T~ud," 15 September 1984; . "Procurators, Invest I gators, La'W~ers •••• " . "Ogonyok," No. 40, 29 Septe~er ·

1984, whe~, In particular It was stated that graduates of the All-Union . . Juridical Correspondence Institute may work In the different organs of . . justice, lncludlng the KGB; and other artlcles.> Various ~rtlcles were devoted to the national questlo~. Of them we note: 1) non the Path. to a Classless Society" ("Krasnala Zvezda,"

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• 13 September 1984), w~ere, In partlcular, ft .was stated that It ts necessary to Increase the number of workers from the native population In the various republlcs .. Cthat ts", persa:is from the local na1tlonalftles should be given

greater preferenc~ In· Job advancement -S.T.>. This ·article was wrttt~n by the chairman of the USSR Phllosophlcal Society .and member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Academician F. Konstantlnov. 2) "Pers~allty: .Nat Iona I and· lntematlonal DI alectlc" <"Pravda," 14 Septerrber 1984>, where It Is stated that "Natlooal differences, as Is well-known, will . exist much .longer than class dffferences." Chernenko's speec~es on the most diverse oe'assJons and the responses to them were wldeiy publlcfzed. · His talks and speeches, of course, were also broadc;:ast. on radio a~d tele.vlslon. CSWB, SU/7741/f; SWB, SU/7759/B/3. > .

On 21 Septemb~r 1984 Moscow · radio gave an Engl I.sh broadcast of a program about Sakharov .and other dissidents. CSWB, SU/7760/At/6.) The number of artlcles about crimes, drunkenness (especially of

children>, embezilement, and ~o on decreased.

22 .September 1984 s. Tartakovskal a

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·. I ... ISOO.C>2 .,·'

ISRAEL IH THE · SOV.IET PRES S AND RADIO SEPT~MBER 1984

. . In his speech at the 39th session of th~ UN .General Assembly A.A.Gromyko stated that tl_le us is·· basing its .. pol.icies on ·an alliance with Isra~l and that · i~ is not interested in ~r~nging about .a peace settlement .in the Middle East ("Izvestia", 29 Sept.). "The. head of section at the In.ter_national Information. Department of the Central Committee of t .he CPSU, V.i.Kobysh, the Deputy "Director of the America and Canada Institute at ~h~ Soviet Academy of . Sciences, Prof. ~?urkin,and the · political observer of c;e·ntral Television and Radio, Prof. v.s.zorin . . 1 took pa_rt in the televisio~ ·program", - this· is how the · article "The Bankruptcy of Reagan's Policy" ("Argumenty i Fakty", No. 36, 4 Sept.) started. Prof. Zhurkin stated the ·

1 following .. a~ou~ the·· us .. in · the" te;levision program: "They are running back and forth, entangled in the contradictions of their own policy which they· trcied to orient ... both ,. · ~ , -. towards Israel and the Arab countries." It was stated in the article "In the Pentagon's Harness" ("Izvestia", 8 Sept.) and in other articles that~ according to reports in the Israeli press, placem~nt of American

"Pershing...:.2~ · rnissi·les .wauld· become. possible:. on: Israeli soil.

Consequently, the au~hor of the article arrives at·· the following conclusion: "The anti-Arab allianc~ between

Washington .and Tel-Aviv is· ~ppletne~ted by a strategic agreement whiqh encompasses areas far exceeding the Middle­ East and ~hich presents a threat to the se~urity of the Sovlet Union." A. lot·.:of .. space::was. de"Vo~ed : to the internal situation in

Israel: the ·: r~sing · pric~s, the incre~sing . crime rate, the inflation, etc. Among the numerous articles dealing with the new Israeli government we would like :to mention especially "The Two-Headed Monst!'!r With· Two Right Arms'" prin~ed in English in "Moscow News", No. 39 on 30 Sept. a'nd in Russian

•• • 2 ~ 1 J - 2 -

in the "Novoye Yr~mi. a", No. 39, magazine of 21 Sept. The article in the "Novoye Vremia" was accompanied by a Gartoo.ri illustrating the title. Special attention was. devoted to the tension that has been mounting in ·the.'Req· Sea region. We .would like to mention in this connection the article ,.'Chasing the Ghosts" ("Sotsialisti­ cheskaya Industria"', 16 Sept.) which states, among other things: "~11 the information points to the involvement of Israel and the US in the recent series of explo~ions in the Su~z Canal and the Red Sea". There was al~o a . radio broadcast -in Arabic on th.e same" subject·:on 20 Sept. (SBW SU/7758/A4/3). It i~ to be noted that the aim of the article "Cre~tion of a System of American Bases in·. the Years of World War II" ("Voprosy Istorii", Sept. 1984) i's .basically inte~ded to supply ·proof ·for the allegation that the us was already.showang an interest in establishing its ·own base·s in the Mediterranean :it the beginning of the l940's. The number of publica~ions on the situation in the Arab territories did not exceed the usual amount. There were many articles dealing with the .American- . . Israeli alliance and_ also with. Israel's connections with other countries: arms sales to South-Africa, the presence of Israell instructors in Chad, etc. - The support given to Israel by the US was the subject of a M&scow Radio program in Greek on 12 September (SBW SU/7753/A4/3). The UN activities i~volving Israel w~re given wide coverage, . . and the coverage giyen to the visits of a. Jordanian and- a Lebanese delegation in· the USSR was no .less extensive. nLi teraturnaya Gazeta n_ of 12 Sept. carried an article that mentioned a "Kol Israel" broadcast,· a rare occurrence. in a Soviet paper.

At· the V Conference of Solidarit~ with the Peop~es of Asia and Africa held in Tbilisi the representative of Syria, Akhmed Assad· stated :that '! ••• in Syria .:.\n! - \Talue greatly. the open supper~ and assistance provided .by, the people. of the USSR in connection with our just struggle for restoring the rights

.••• 3 - 3 -

of the Palestinian people, for the liberation of the occupied Arab territor~es, against the piots· of aggressiqn h~rboured by Amer_ican imperialism, Zionism and racism .. and ' their a~piration to establish their ' po~itic~l · and military supremacy in the whole of the · Arab world" ("Zarya Vostoka", 29 September). In connection with the situation in Lebanon special attention t'las given to· the traqic: events that took place in . . Sabra and Shatila following the second anniversary of these events (th·e cove.rage did not exceed the coverage given to . the . . . incident a ..year ··ago).. Sabra: ~nd · Shatila were also mentioned in Igor B_elyaev's article "Israel: Look-ing for a Government" ('·Literaturnaya.·Gazeta",. No. 36,· 5 September) devoted to the forming of the national ~nity government in Israe~ • . ·In regard ' to the attempts to form it,I.Belyaev ha4 the following .to say:. "It would be hard to imagine a less.· logical ·historical evtmt than than the preser{t: .Peres~shamir talks~ The .events fn Sabra and Shatila were also the subject of a Moseow Radio program in English on 15 September (SBW SU/77Sl/A4/l) and ~n :17 September (SBW SU/7751/A4/2), and also of a Soviet television program on 16. September (SBW SU/7751/A4/2). In .addition, there was a program on Moscow R~dio ·in Russian.- ( fc;>r abroad) and in English on_ 14 September, acco~ding to which the Israeli authoritie~ · were planning to e~pel 25,000 Arab men .from southern Lebanon (SBW SU/77.51/A4/3).

The newly formed Israeli government was also men~ioned . in Moscow Radio programs of 14. ·september · ~ in Russian for abroad a~d in English - in which the g~vernrnent was described as·: not being in any way different from its predecessors. . . An appeal to the Israeli soldiers stationed in southern Lebanon was broadcast on ~Radio . Peace ·and Progress" in Hebrew o~ 1 September (SBW SU/!739/A4/l) and a program in English broadcast on the same day spoke about ·syria'.s attitude toward Soviet proposals regarding the situation in the Middle East (SBW SU/7739/A4/4).

. .. ·~ . ; - 4 -

We also noticed that a report on the visit of an Israeli delegation to the ussR· was broadcast -by Moscow .Radio on 17 September in Russian - only for abroad - ~nd in English. In September the number of p~blications about the ·Mossad was 5 times smaller than the number of such publications ·-in ...... · August (3 as against 15) ~ They were: 1. "Sharing Expe~,i.ence in Rob.bery" ("Trud", 16 September.) on · the operations of the Mossad in Afr .ica~ "''Mossad" Against In.dia" ("Krasnaya Zvezda", 15 September) and "Clouds over the :is.iandi', subtitled "The Instructors From the 'Mossad'" (-"Novoye Vremia~',. No. 39,. 21 September) and dealin~ with . Mossad activities in Sri Lanka Mossad involvement was initiated by· the ·CIA. In addition_, there was a ·progra~ about the activities· of the Mossad in Afghanistan ·on Moscow R~dio in ~rabic on· 8 September (SBW SU/7748/AJ/3). The number of publications in .which Israel was mentioned · in conne·c~ion with the sub"Y"ersi~e activities of the CIA in different countries was considerably greater this month.

21 Sept. 1984 ~~ Tartakovskaya Sl009o

JUDAISM IN THE USSR ACCORDING .TO SOVIET PRESS .AND RADIO

SEPTEMBER 1984

· An article by the head of the Jewish religiou's .congregation

in Kiev, . Moisey P.ikman, ~ntitled "our Prayers fo! P~ace·" was printed in the weekly "Visti z Ukrainy"; No. 35/84/ (the weekly is published in Ukrainian and in English,, i.e. ~or the foreign reader). Pikman tells about the care with which Jewish believers in the USSR have been treated by the state and .. he m~ntions, in particular; the number of synagogues existing in the Soviet Union. On 20 Sept. 1984, Moscow radio transmitted a:.. proqram in English on "The so-called 'jewish problem'. in the Soviet Union". It ~poke, of .course, about the equ. a~i ty enjoyed by Soviet Jews · in general and about religious Jews living in the Soviet Union. · (S\·ID SU/7758/Al/13). As we can see, the. increasing tendency of channelling . . . propaganda on the situation of Soviet Jews for •abroad ;. ; included :the subject of Je\dsh religion too. The magazine "Sovetskaya Etnografia", No. 1, 1984, printed an article "The Interrelations Between Rthnic and Confessional En'tities in the US". Si_gnificant. space in it was allotted to Jewish communities in the us. The article also contains various relevant · facts · and .figures. The same issue of "Sove.tskaya r:tnografia!' ("Soviet ·Ethnography") c;:ontains the article "The Middle-r:a~tern Ancestors of Pulbeh~:a Fact or a Legend?" If "!e included the previous article in this ·review for the sake of good order_, so to speak, this publication is indeed of interest ·to us: it states, for example, that

"subjects reminiscent of Biblical ~ales , and names of Biblical pa_triarchs oft~n recur in the oral . tradition of Fulbeh. The ' . folklore of this people is· literally permeated with ancient Hebrew elements and hints at even.ts in ancient Jewish history" •

• • • 2

* The Fulbeh nation is a numerous peopl~ · residing in Africa. According to the artiicle, it is part of the Ethiopian race. The Full;>eh are Moslems. - 2 -

The article "In the Language of t~~ Beginning of Our Era" ( "Za Rubezhom", No. 38/84) could be included ±h .the same category. The article deals with Aramaic, a ·;.J.anguage used by the first Christians, a · language in which ntwo of the books included in the Bible were written" : and a langu~ .ge ' ' which is still spoken by the inhapitants of three Syrian villaqes near Damascus. (The article .never mentioned the important role of Aramaic· in the cultur~ of Jewish peop:le). The article "Lies Cannot Be covered Up by a Nice Hrapping"

("Sovetskaya Kultura", No. 108, 8 Sept. 1984) c~aims that

"bourgeois ideologists of~en carry out their work' under .the guise· 6~ religious activi.ties'!. and mentions, in particular, a certain Ukrainian nationalist "who· emigrated to the West a

few years ~go and who 'toured' ~ustria, Israel and Australia."

In addition, . the article. also. reports on' the existence in the USSR of : a "Jehovah's Witnesses" sect,· a ·sect ·which· erijoys · the. patronage of its main centre in the US. Finally, . we find . ' out from this· article that a special qolumn "Zionism - the F,:nemy .of Mankind" ·is. carried ~ by Zakarpatyet newspapers. The a!:'tlcle "By Bombs If Not by Dynamite" ("Sovetskaya Kultura", No·. 113, 20 Sept. 1984)· about the attempt to set fire to the Al-Aksa,,mosque in Jerusalem contains the following phrase: "What harm has the ancient Ar~b mosque caused the Zionists? In· this case, we are deal.ing not just with relig.ious intolerance, e'ven though in Israel all those who do not adhere to Judaism are ·cf>nsidered to be potential enemies of the state". On 18 Sept a: .1984 .there was a soviet radio broadcast in· English 4,bout the Holocaust, in which Secretary of State G. Shultz was criticized for having stated at a "conference on different. religions•i (?) that everyone who had saved Jews during the N.azi occupation should be considered a .hero. but having failed to say anything .about those who had saved people . ~f other religious persuasion. (SWB SU/7754/Al/12). There was much less material on the Islam: an art_icle . "Prob_lems of Islamic · Studies in ~e . Magazine "Nauka

••• 3

• Uorth-wes.tern reg ions of the Ukr. GSR. . - 3 - j .. i Religia"· ("Azia · i Afri~a Segodnya", No. 9, 1984),, .and a report on Radio Mosco'! in _English on 1'9 Sept; ·19a4 ab?ut soviet Moslems re.turning h0me from · Mec:·ca (SWB SU/7753/Al/4); . . There w~re many articles about the enemies conducting anti-Soviet activities under the guise of relig~ous observance. . . The number. of . items on the advantages of· atheism and the harm caused by religious ~ustoms did not inc~ease. We fo!Jnd.. .. i~ · especialJ:y =·_interestin9 to. r:iote that the American preacher .Billy Grahal'(t was allowed appear in churches in the . . to . Soviet · union~ No matter what· considerations .-guided the Soviet authorities, the. fact itself is without· precedent and as · such it deserves · .' attention. - -- .: Graham~ - 8 -visi~ re~eived about:· the same coverage _in the Soviet. English· ·and Russian press -and, in -particular a large article "The Preacher Billy Graham and the Red Horse of the A~calypse" iil1ad printed . in the "Izvestia" of 30 s'epti~ 1984. P.S. "Novoye. Russkoye Slovo" (New York) of 23 Sept. 1984 . . ~arri~d ~n · article about Billy Graham ·accompanied _by a picture show~ng Gr~ham - shaking hands ~ith a Jew w~aring a tallit ~uring his visit to the Moscow Synagogu~.

· 16 Oct. 19 84 S.Tartakovskaya . .. s 1009 b

"THE ANTl-Z I Cl-I I ST CAMPAIGN IN THE USSR ACCORDING TO THE SOVIET PRESS AND RADIO

SEPTE~ER 1984

A new edition of Ts. Solodar's book "WI Id Wornwood" has· been published. Selectlons from the concluding chapters were published In three Issues of "Ogonyok11 (Nos. 35, 36, & 37 >, under the genera I name "The Doomed. 11 The fact that ·this wlld anti-Zionist, that Is, anti-Semitic, wonm.,ood has been rep ub II shed speaks for I tse If. A new book by the well-known anti-Semite V. Ya. Begun, "Stories about the 'Ch I Id ren of the WI dew' , 11 has been pub 11 shed. Accord Ing to a review of .this book <"Dark Intentions of 'Seekers of light'," "Sovetskala Belorusslla," 18 Se.ptember 1984>, the book Is devoted to "expos Ing the react I onary essence of our I deo I og I ca I · opponents." Among the latter fs Masonry, which has close ties with the CIA. "Arrong the friends of the Masons ls to be counted International Zionism, which uses this lnvlslble ~orm of government.~. to render Influence. on the pollcles of presidents, congesses, _and governments." ~new book by V. K. Gur2! Ch·e reviewed Zuev's book, "Amplitude," about which we .wrote In No. 8 0002), ''Zionism Agalnst .. Soclallsm· and

the National Liberation Movement," ha~ been published. A review of this book .appeared under the t .ltle "Instrument of l11'4'erlallst Reaction" In "Radfan'skala Ukraine" (30 August 1984>. Th us, we see that 0 venerab I e" authors of ant 1-Sem It I c I lterature have been brought Into the anti-Zionist campaign. "Argumenty I Fakty" C18 se·ptember 1984) pub I I shed an article cal led "Rock - Subversion on the Alrwaves.'r ·The article contains a sub-head Ing, "By Whose Hands . Is Th Is Done, or Portra It of an Antl-Sovfettst." About him It Is said: "In the past he was a native of Leningrad • .• he became friendly with pecple of pro­ Zton.lst lncl.fnatlons ••• and_, when his parents found out.: their son Intended 'to emf g·rate to I srae I , • • • the father got s I ck. But neither his father's severe Illness nor the tears and admonitions of his mother - nothing could stop the traitor, ·• .. his father died,

/ ••• 2 -2-

and he submitted his documents /requesting a visa to emlgrate-S.T./." The subversion of this traitor consisted In the fact that he tried

~'by any means to Inst I I I the so-c.a I I ed 1 rock-th Ink Ing' Into the · youth al.id I ence In the Sov I et Un I on. " In the same Issue of "Argumenty f Fakty" ( 1.8 September 1984) there fs an artlcle· cal led "Heavenly· Life~" with the sub-tftle . . "Zfonfst Hawkers." ·The arttcle fs about Jews, and about how the . . . Zfonfsts Insistently call them to Israel, where,. as another sub- tftle has ft, everything revolves "Around Deceptfon and Vlo!ence." Family names are. given of both Jews who fel I for the Ztonlst bait . . and Jews who angrily rejected thfs bait. The a·rtlcle "They Flee from the 'Promised· Land'" <"Sovetskaf a MoldavJfa," 21Septerrber1984) tells about tlow "Israel In the '80s Is a socfety smitten by violence. It gives birth to crime and vlolatlons of the ~aw, murder and every kind of evtl, ~very possible socl a I II I." Further on 1t Is stated that "these words be long to the French joumalfst Jacques Oerogy, who ltved and worked lnilsraet . " The arttcle wa~ pub If shed under the heading "Zionism Without ·Masks. 11 · The artlcle "When They Leave 'Paradise'" (·"Sovetskala Lttva," 17 August 1984) aiso describes the horrors of Israel, about which the.. "Zionfst hunters of souls" keep sl lent. Tlie art I cte "Hatred" <"Zari a Vostoka," 23 September 1984) Is, according to Its sub-tl·tle, "Reflections on the Fate of Youths . In ·the World of Splendor and Poverty' C!f .Capltal." T.he description of the hopeless situation In the whole · cap~tallst world. begins with l~rae!, and the cartoon lffustratfng the article has In It two symbols: the dot I ar sf gn an.d a Magen David. The art~cle "Prisoner of Obscure Dogmas" C"tzvestlla," 16 September 1984) talks about Zionist crimes, Z.ton lst organlzatlons, In particular B'naf B'rfth, the ties of the Zfonlsts with racists, and so on. The article "Racists against Jac~son" f"lzvestfla," 7 September 1984) reports that •ithe ultra-right-wing Zionist organlzat.lon 'Jewish Defense League' created a specfa! group, 'Jews agafnst Jackson, ' w.I th the know I e d~ of the auttiorl t I es." The artfcle "The Prlvl leged Ones i' <"Molod' Ukr:-afny," 6 Se.ptember 1984>, about the exploltatfon of the poor and the privileges of the

I .. .· 3 .:..3_

rich In Israel; In particular, Shaul Alzenberg, was published under the heading "Zlonls.m without Masks." "Instrument of lrrperlallst Aggr:essors" <" Krasnala Zvezda,"

9 September 1984) Ts a rev!ew of the book . "Zlonl~ - Instrument of Aggressive lmperlallst Cfrcles" by s. Rokotov. It Is Interesting to note that this book was publlshed last year, and there were reviews of It then. But ft see'!S ttiat the' theme of .Zionism has ·to·be

"reheated" constantly, and whfle awaiting ne~ publications old one.s must be "sucked dry." In addition, the· review has a new formulatlon . . . ,. of the definition of Zionism: "Zionism Is an Integral part of the polltlc~f super-strudure .of the l~erlellst powers." As we. see, _this' .definition preserves the splrrt.of Marx, probably In order to give a more sci ent I f I c appearance ; We should note that the nurrber of artf.cles about Lebanon In wt\I ch accusations were ma~ against Zionism lncre~ed greatly during : September. We a I so note that a I arge portI on of the art le I es wh I ch we haV& classfffed as dea!fn~ with the situation. of the Jews In the USSR, cou Id qu I te prpper ly be· Inc I uded In the pre~ent review.

12 October 1984 S. Tartakovskala

. " SUMMARY OF. THE PROTOCOLS MEET I NG OF THE I MTERNAT I ONAL OJUNC IL OF ' ' THE WORLD CONFERENCE ON SOVIET JEWRY

LONDON, 19-21 ·st::PTE~:BER 1984

Wednesday, 19 September Opening Session

The session was op~ned by Its ·chairman, the Hon . Grev! I le Janner, QC, .MP, ·who .welcomed the delegates, mentioning the present dlfflcult . . .. . situation of Soviet Jewry and the desire of Soviet Jews to leave the ' . . USSR to be· free and to be reunited with their faml Iles. He then Introduced Ambassador of the State of Israe I to Great Br! t~. 1 n, Mr. Yehuda Avner.

Welcomlng Address by Mr. Yehuda Avner. All polltlcal factions In · 1·srael agree upon the Importance· of the Soviet Jewry Issue. It is of primary Importance to Israel's Prime Minister and Natlorial Unity Government. In present time of crlsi·s we must go back to first prlnclples, the right of ~ovlet Jews to repatrJatlon In their historic Homeland. ·

Welcoming address by ·Rabbi Sir Immanuel 'Jakobovlts. The worldwide Soviet Jewry c.ampa.lgn serves thre·e primary. object.Ives: 1) to put this . Issue on the \\'.Or i d agenda, to show we care, an.d here there has been ~reat success; 2) to give encour~ge~ent and Information to Jews within ·+he USSR, to maKe . them Jewish consclo4s, and here there has been only quallfled success, as Indicated by th~ mll I Ions of Jews In the USSR unaffected by our camp~lgn and by the neshlra phenomenon of Jews opting out .of being J.ewl·sh; ·~nd ?> to preval I upon the S~vlet government to allow Jews ' to llve·as Jews and to grant them the right to emigrate, and here we have fa( led~ as .lridlcate_d by the p.resent grim situation, reminiscent of the Stalln years~ So we. must reevaluate our methods and find and strengthen. those rrost efficacious. .

I .. . 2 ·-2-

We I coming address by Mr. N_lge ~ Broomfle 1.d, head of the .sov·let Department In the British Foreign and Col!lmonwealth Offlcles, .who . . .· . . spoke off the r~cor.cf about .human right~ In the Soviet Union and the prob I.ems of Soviet.' Jewry In: particular.

/ ... 3 -3-

Wednesday, 19 September Session One

The se?ston's chairman Mr. Gerald Kraft Introduced Mr. Arye Dulzfn.

Opening address by Mr. Arye Oulzln. The present meeting shows a strong determination not to give up the struggle ~or Jewish emigration from the USSR untt I success Is achieved, In spite of the present grim situation. Persecution of the Jews has Intensified Jn the past year since the last lntemattonal Councll meeting. The anti-Zionist, I.e., antl-Semttlc campaign has lntenstfled. East-West relatfons have worsened. Governmenta l" and popular actlvlttes on behalf of Soviet Jewry have taken place al I over the world this past year, thanks t9 the efforts of al I the natfonal · councf Is for Soviet Jewry. And the actfvlsts tn the Soviet Unfon have demonstrated great bravery and courage. The have begun to demand "repatrlatton to our Homeland," and .not merely "reunification of famllles." The Sovtets cannot answer this "new" clalm by saytng the process has been completed, as they ·have done regarding faml ly reunification . This Js a ilne of argument which has a chance of success with the Sovtets. Meanwh l le, we must continue to reevaluate our actlons and look for new and addltlonal ways to act. We must cont I nue to mob 111 ze the Jew lsh commun ltle·s· a~d keep Soviet Jewry constantly on their agenda. The time Is good for m0re and more action. We must enllst the support of more polltlcal leaders thro.ughout the world.

Report on the struggle for Soviet Jewry by Prof. Yehuda Lapldot. The Soviet authorltles rely more and more on repression and Intimidation. The status of the KGB has been newly enhanced. Recent changes In Soviet crlmlnal leglslatloh also reflect. a tightening of the reins of control . Prison terms can now be extended arbltrar.Jly, .the deflnltlon of an+l~Sov. let aglt~tlon and propaganda ha~ been made vaguer and thus broader In appllcatlon, the receipt of material ·assistance from .abroad has been made more. dangerous, If not Impossible. Soviet citizens are again belng .encouraged to lnform on one another anonymously.

Press antl-Semltlsm has Increased .~ .Emlgratlon has been halted. The recent cases of Prof. Oavld Goldfarb and Prof. Efralm Katzlr Illustrate the new power of the KGB. A concerted effort Is evldently being made

. to suppress the teaching of Hebrew throughout th~ Soviet Union. This ls a blow to Zlonlsm as su·ch, since the language Is so closely related to the movement. In spite of the worsentng situation, the struggle of Jewlshactlvlsts

I ... 4 -4-

• within the USSR has Intensified and become more open. There have been press. conferences, hunger strikes, petitions. The Jewish activists In the USSR have· adopted a new line, "repatrlatlon" :to their hlstorl.c Homeland. They call for help from and contact with the Jew.lsh worl.d abroad·, to cont I nue In sp lte of. the new hardsh I ps. They assert that the flo.-1 of emigrants has to pass through the State of Israel. The grimness of the present situation resembles .the situation of 15-20 years ago. But there are dHfererices.There ls greater hope now after the reality of hundreds .of thousands of Jews having emigrated. But there ·is also the danger presented by the drop-out phenomenon. l't undermines the Ideological ._basis of the struggle within the USSR·, . ' . ' ~hlch calls f~r retur.nlng horn~, to lsraeL Soviet Jews· who emigrate should first come to Israel, then they can go where· they want •. Flnally, success l .n th·ls struggle depends upon the activity of the Jews within .. ·the Soviet. Union· and .the activity of the Jewish communities throughout the world on behalf. of Soviet Jewry. The communities must undertake an emergency campaign to help and to save our brethren. In the USSR.

/ ••• 5 -5-

Wednesday, 19 Sep:tember Session Two

The session's-chairman Mr. Gerald Kraft lntroquced Mr. Emanuel LI tvlnoff.

Report on the latest developments In the situation of Soviet Jews by Mr. • Emanuel Lltvlnoff. Conditions have become worse In regard to emigration, pro~ecutlon of activists, the crude· anti-Semitic campaign, and penal leglslatlon. There Is a drive against contact with foreigners, who .are depl<;:ted. as spies and subversive agents. Jewish education and Jewish national and cultural self-expression are now being considered subversive and subject tq criminal prosecution, as numerous recent cases 11 lustrate. Comparisons of Zionism and .Nazism have b.een raised to new heights of Intensity and authoritativeness. The past year has been one of unrel leved gloom, but th9 activists go on. fighting and we must devise means to help them.

Jerry Goodman: Question to Lltvlnoff: Is It correct to talk of a retu'rn to Sta 11 n Ism?

E. Lltvlnoff. Some aspects of the present situation resemble certain practices &

ph~s.es of Stal In Ism:

Raya Jaglom reported on: the. conference In Geneva of the UN .Sub-Commission for the Prevention of Discrimination and the Protection of Minorities. The Eastern bloc was- united, the West was· divided. The American representative was excel lent, the Canadian very good, the English lukewarm, the Belgian· and French not supportive. · The Soviets were vigorously "aritr-ZI on I st" and did their best to cut references to Soviet Jewry. The Non-Governmental Organizations need to be more courageous In speaking out on behalf of Soviet Jewry.

Yuri Stern. Soviet Jewry Is confronting a major catastrophe and Is cal llng for. our help. The communities must ac~; not' just Soviet Jewry prqfesslonals. The struggle for repatriation Is the proper one. Public means and sl lent diplomacy must be. used. Only pressure we have - anti-Soviet

/ ••• 6 -6-

. ,· attacks, so we should organize a trlal of the Soviet Union for crimes aga Inst the Jew I sh peep Ie. We need to eri I I st the support of more .Jew I sh and non-Jewish groups, l~cludlng former Soviet Jewish activists.

Kenneth Blalkln. US Secretary of St~te Schultz expressed Interest In the

work 'of this meetln.g and his preparedn~ss to raise.the Issue of Soviet Jewry with Gromyko. We must draw more media attention and mobilize world publlc opinion.

David Yaflt. The Israel .. Councl I for Soviet Jewry has been devotfng . . Itself to enlisting more public suppo~ all over Israel. We must emphasize that 9ur demand for .Jewish repatriation has not~lng to do with ~ny calls . for changing the Soviet regime; the two are complet~ly separate Issues. We must have nothlng to do with organlzatlons call Ing for Soviet reforms. The Soviets are senslt~ve to criticism of their huma~ rights record made by peep Ie In the West wI th whom they ~ave cu Itura I, sci anti f I c, and sporting contact_s. The Sov iets might al low repatriation., but they wl I I

not al low emigration as such. l~eshl ra ·led to the Soviets cl9slng the gates. Free emigration I~ perceived by the Soviets as a threat to their .. regime. If we stop neshlra the Sov iets might be Induced· to open the gates again.

Herbert Kronlsh . We must exploit every posslble method that might work. There Is ~o sub?tltute for massive public expressions of support, llke Solldarlty Sunday. Governments, lnternatlonal forums, and corporate Initiatives must be explolted. The May · 1985 o+towa meeting of Human Rights Experts wl 11 be an Important ·forum f~r us and preparations . for It must be begun now. Th~ Major Rev iew Conference CHe lslnkl process) schedu .led for 1986 In Vienna w111 a Iso be 1mportant. Contacts wI th the Soviets. through the UN . and Western legal and business cominun1t·1es should be· explo.tted. Also scientific contacts. We should Increase publlc awareness through the media, commerclals' and advertisements, and fl I.ms. An lnternatlonal committee of experts might be useful In devising new · ways to eondl!ct. the Soviet Jewry struggle.

Nechemla Levanon. The present Soviet leader-Ship Is perfectly

I ... 7 -7- :

capable of maklng dectslons, ones very dangerous to our cause. The Jackson Amendment was a real factor In promoting Jewish emigration. We need popular· support l·n addition to governmental support, so governments will be motivated to act. The Jackson Amendment must be renewed • . If governme.nts have pub II c and parliamentary support theri they can negotl ate with the Soviets by referring to lt. To get something they need from

the West the Soviets w~ll change. their pollcles and not worry a~out face saving. We must heed what the acttvlsts lnslde the USSR say to us.

ErJc· Kreus. In order to activate the mass of the Jewish public we must first actlve ly educate th~ Jewish leaders and teachers, and they wll I educate the .pub l lc. Then the pub l lc can be organized to act In the present crisis sltuat lon.

Shlo!!!.C? Tadmor. We must see how the Jewl·sh prob rem fi t s Into the ... · whole array · of problems faclrig th~ USSR . We should convince the Russians that It ls In thei r Int erest to let the Jews go. We should exploit the Soviets Ideo log ical pred icament s, and their desire +o · m~lnta l n a good Image In the· West . We shou l d see how

~1e ·can exploit East-West tensions to our advan t age. 1.n the present emergency we shou ld take bo lder step.s.

Rabbi Bent Me lchior. We should concentrate on p·ractlcal proposals In this meeting. The Solidarity Day Idea on an Internationa l scale Is a· good one. The May 1985 date. set Is a b It unfortunate; . It col ncl des with +tie 40th anniversary of the I lberatlon 'of Europe ce lebrations.

June Jacobs. Agreed on the need to concentrate on practical proposals . Need to pul I the communities together again. · WI 11 neshl ra undermine efforts to se·11 the repa:trlatlon Idea to Je.ws and non-Jews In the West? What ~l I I Soviet Jews do 'Jf they are ·told they can go, but Jt must be to I srae I?

Leo Nevas. Need to enllst the support of more Jewish and non-Jewish Non-Governmental Organlzatlons In various lnternatlonal forums. We should follow Mr. Kronlch's suggestions, made earlier. The repatrlatl.on slogan

I ... 8 · -8- -

Is problematic In the We"st. Our main aim Is just to get Jews out.

Barbara Stern. We have to make a firm decision ~gardlng the

repatriation slogan. We have. to <;;. larl ty the exact extent .of the present emergen9. We have to examTne why In certain countries we have fal led

to generate publtc supp~rt.

Aklva Levinsky_. The task .of the Soviet Jewry committees ls not to get Jews out of. the USSR by the Ir own direct work, out to make the Je_wfsh communi ties awa re and actlvely concerned and to arouse oroad pub I le

- opinion . The people suffering at t he moment for learning H~brew rea·l ly want to go to Israel. Ou r action must be unlfted and centrally

coordtnated. There shoul~ _. be gut de I Ines about how we should tal k when talking to the Russians directly. But malnly our polltlcal action Is aimed at mak ing pollttcal action by others poss ible, and not at achieving things dlrecfly.

Avraham Harman; Today's emergency Is one of the threat ol splrftual · i3nn I h 11 at I on of. Sov I et Jewry. It may become one of p_hys I ca I ann I h II at I on. . - The work Is bei ng done by the Soviet Jewry committees. They musf draw In the Jewish communit ies and .non-Jewish publlc opfnf·on, and pollttclans and statesmen . We should ltsten to the Jewish activists In the USSR. Their use· of th_e repatriation slogan Is we.11-thpught. out and wldely

supported wlth,:n the USSR. We should heed the ta~fl _ cs they suggest.

Stephen Rot h. The- t ndependent experts of th ~ l-l uma~ RI ghts COflfl'llttee should be app roached to .raise the Issue of Soviet treatment of Jews at the next meeting of this body. The t erm repatrtatton I s problemattc when used in 1 internatlonal forums using lnternattonal legal documents. Should use a less legaltstlc term, !Ike "return to their Homeland to whtch they are tied .by religious , cu_ltural and ethnic ttes." We should .listen to the activists, but also adapt what they say to conditions In the West.

Rabbi Avraham Soetendorp.· We need to mobt llze the who le Jewish corrrnunfty. The European Chief. Rabbis are Issuing a ·call during the . - Hlgh Hol I day season . We need_to -mob f 11 ze ·the· youth especl a 1ly. Pub 11 c

I ... 9 -9-

- · demonstratlo~s give encouragement to and help break the rsolatlon

of Soviet J~wry. Need to Invest more resources In Informative· publlcatlons for each country. The Jewish community .must be made aware of t he present genul"ne ·emergency and must do something to help •

. Kenneth Blalkln . ·we've had some successes as a movement - keeping the Issue a l Ive as a moral Issue, fqr examp l e • . But there. have been faf lures and we must-go further. We need a consensus on programs and

Imp lementation. · We ~eed to be more crltlcal and aggressive t~werd the USSR. I nte 1lectua I, c11 I tu r a I, sci ent I f I c, mathematl ca-1, and educatl ona I ostracism. The Jewish community supports the Soviet Jewry campaign, but It needs to be told what to do. The presidium must get others, · the local structures, t o act, rt- must give them guidance. Ideas, coordination. We cannot have· Influence} without non-_Jewlsh backi ng too. ·.A ·novel on Soviet "Jewry, TV programs - good Ideas, t o get the message

to non-Jews. Jews know the s~bject , they must be gotten to act now.

Albert Chern'fn. A consensus has long existed on the tssue of aliyah, and the debat".' on the term repatriation should _not be allowed

to destrC?y this consensus and should .not Ignore It ~ The aim Is aHyah, the terms used shou Id be tat iored to the ·aud ience.

Yur~ Stern . There Is a real physlcal danggr lurklng for Soviet Jews.

~Jo need to debate the term repa"trlatlon. Can use with It faml ly reunlflcaflon and human rights. · Main poi nt - we · are not against the Soviet government _or regime.

Alan_ _R~e. We shou l d not compare the USSR to Nazl Germany. This Is not helpf;ul to our cause. The Helsinki process Is complex, but we are taking advantage of It. Jews not adequately aware of the pres-ent emergency, must be made so. We want more Jews more active.

J acgue 11 ne· Lev I ne .- · No need to pro I on19 the d Is cuss I on of the term repatrlatlqn. W~ shoul d take Into consideration what the activists say, but we have .ro decide for ourselves ·the best ways to act.

/ ... 10 -10-

Thursday, 20 ~+ember Session Three

The session was opened by Its chairman, Mr. Claude Kelman, who warmly .Introduced each cif ·the foi°!owi.ng personalltles, thanking them for attending •. and. praising their efforts on behalf of Soviet Jewry . Mr. Kelman noted that '

"th Is sess I on Is rl ch In emotl on and p~rsona 11 t I es.".

Report on the Latin Amertcan Conference on . Soviet Jewry by Mr. Madrlgal Nieto. This Conference was held in Mextco Ctty In Aprl I 1984. It reviewed th

and. Venezuela. The Conference Issued a de~laratton, outlined a plan of action, set up a commission of jurists, which will publish reports, agreed that the Natlonal Committees would Initiate or Intensify contacts with . '. . ·polltlcal and religious bodies an,d figures and the news media, agreed to try to produce TV documentaries on Soviet Jewry, and decided to appoint an lnternatlonal ccmmlsslai of Lat.Jn l\merlcan personalities to visit the USSR and talk to offlclals there on ways to solve the Jewish problem. Hopefully wt de press coverage of this vi.st+ wl 11 · bring some positive· resu·lts,. assuml.ng, of course, that the· Soviets agree to rece t ve such a de I egat I on, wh I ch at the moment ts an open ques+:1on.

Sergio Nudelstejer. In Lat.In .. America the Soviet Jel'lry campaign has Jewish and n?n-Jewlsh backing and Includes eminent Intellectuals and Important pol.ltlcal flgures, both In office and out. The Confe,rence In Mexico City had wide Latin Amertcan press, radio, and TV coverage. The Sovlets are awa're of and I nterested In wha t we are doing In Latin Ame.rlca because of their polltlcal Interests there:. We are aware of the present emergency and wl 11. do

Report by Prof. Martin GI lbert, "Messages from Afar." Soviet . . Jewish activists are saying the fol I.owing things: ttef need more mass support from the West, especlally among Jews. More attention must be paid to Prls6ne~s of ~Ion. Soviet Jews today are facing despair, frustration, demorallzatlon, hopelessness. They ask for more personal contact~ through the malls, and by telephone . They ask us to keep on ffghtlng for· them Jn every way posslble • . They ask for more professional

/ .. . 11 -11-

and Jewish links , cultural ex~hanges. They want their efforts and activities In the USSR publici zed more. They want the legality, according to Soviet law, of their actions stressed. They need to ·feel that when

they get out they wl II ~eally be welc0me and appreciated In Israel. They want the slogan of repatriation adopted and used to further their cause. They ca 11 upon us to end our t nterna I discords and work together In this time of great danger • .

Ambassador Max Kampe Iman. ~resident Reagan rs actively seeking ways to get greater un I ty of effort by European governments In the: matter of Soviet Jewry. This tssue ls part. o.f the total framework ·of lnternatlonal relations. We, the US, brings up to the Soviets candld'ly

their violations of the Helslnkl ~tancards, and how this threaten~ .the peace .and stability of Europe · ~nd . makes It df.fflcult to trust the Soviets when signing lnternatl.onal agreements with them. The Soviets . . ultlmately ·rely on force,°and lnternatl.onal law ls· only an Instrument they use when convenient, so successful negotlat.fon with the Soviet readership ls possible only when backed by mlli"tary power.. unfortunately. This po"".er ls necessary .to deter Irresponsible use o.f force by others,

and also to g i ve us the time for dialogue and neg~tlatlons as we seek ways to persuade ihe Sovl ets to human I ze the Ir system In the Ir. own Interests. Peace depends on the success of these undertaklrygs.

·Today the prospects for understanding appear re~ote. The dangers

must .be understood ~nd stood up to, then the conditions for genuine peace can be est ab I f.shed.

Barbara Stern took over the chairmanship of the session'. Discussion of the dratt· resoiutton. Mr. Morris Abram read the draft reso·lutlon . Nume.rous people .spoke offering suggestions to .Improve the resolution or reas'ons why ·1t shou Id stand as Is. The resol ut I on was adopted.

· Prof. Stephen Roth, report on the Helslnkl Monltori.ng Committee. This Committee, whlc.h Prqf. Roth chairs, Is Involved Jn preparing printed materials to be used In lobbying at the various Helsinki

follow-up confereoces on special topics (for e~ample, meeting on ·

I ... 12

-I -12-

human rights, May 1985 In Otfawa; meeting on human contacts, tncludlng

faml l y reunlflc~tlon, · Aprl I 1986 In Berne).

Mr; Jerry Goodman, report on the meeting of professionals; The task

o.f the professionals was - to dev~lop a range of projects and programs which . . . ·. . . w.e can al I lmple.ment~ elther col lectlvely on the lntematlonal scene or Jn our own countrle.s . Recommendations were prepared In two categories - "one . lnternatlon~I, one domestlc. CA detal led out I me .of the suggest.Ions to 11 owed; Inc I ud Ing dates and events that· can be -. ~?ed . for the camp a I gn.) Editor's note: · Based on Jerry Goodman's report, practical actions · were deflne d _· · ~n ·a speclal meeting with representatives of the

professionals, cc-chaired by Mr . Moussa Levy and M~-- Jerry Go~inan . · ' Tliese have been summarized Jn .the document :entltled " Gulde t o Actl.vltles on Behalf of Soviet Jewry .durl·ng 1984 ~1985 ," which was clrculated s.eparately to ali concerned at the end of September 1. ~84~ A copy ls also enclosed.

Rabbi Avrah·am Soetendorp, report on the European Committee .Meeting. This r~port 'll~s distributed In. wrJ.tfng to everyone. present. Rabbi · ·soetendorp si ngled out some. Items for comment. The prev.lous. European meeting was .tn Paris In May 1984. !30th meetings discussed numerous practl cal activities , and at ·both there ·was an emphas 1$ on ·cooperation, exchange of I nformation, and col lectlve action. Those work!ng. I~ the Soviet Jewry campaign should emphasize what unites them and. not tnelr dlff~rences. ..

·'

/ ... 13 -n-

Thursday, 20 September Session Four

The session w·as opened by Its chairman, Mr. Morris Abram.

Report on Workshops · A and B

Action>, which met together, by ~heir chairperson, Ms . Jacqueline Levine . Among the recorrmendatlons of the workshop:. Rosh Hashana card compett.t .l on; Involving Jewish yo.uth In the campaign;· world-wld~ cal endar of actl.vltles ; a commun ication system to make material s and I nfonnatl on about past and .future events ava 11 ab le to al I the ·.Soviet Jewry comm i ttees ; . convening of emergency meetings .Jmmedlate·l y; ·.a ·solldarlty Month In December 1~84; a world-wide Solldarhy Day In 1985; activities In relation to the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the I lbera'f:lon of Europe; exploit t.he lnternatlonal Year of Youth; parl lamentarlans & othefrs going t!' Israel .should meet with former Soviet Jews; hold meetings with Jewish press editors and work with Moscow bureaus of the general press; monitor postal activities and take action when poss lb l e; continue to travei to the USSR to meet with re.fusenlks and· to t each ·them Hebrew, Judaism, etc. A number ·of comments and clarifications were made In .the discussion of th Is report.

Report on Workshop c· ., by Its chairman, Mr. Arleh Handler. We have offh:::l~I support In the various countries, but we need . m~re. Need to make them more aware· and need· .to get them

to devote more attention to Soviet Jewry. Get th~m to send observers from their errt>assles In Moscow to various· Jewish "happenings ," for

~xar:iple, to trials of activists, Sime.hat Torah celebr ations at synagogues , etc. We need more coordlnatJ.on In the matter of briefing p~rl Jarrentarlans properl y. We need more ·coordination and activity ln .. the area of 1.nternatlona l qrganlzatlons which r:neet and .discuss. toplc_s which wou l d . . ar low us to bring up the Soviet Jewry J·ss ue; the Non -Governmenta l Organizations need to be acti vated here. We need an Instrument tq direct these activities, coordinate them, and brief people so that th.ey work together.

I .. . 14

..· -14- .....

Th~re· w·e~ a nurrber of. comments on this report. We cite a few •

. Male voice-, American. ·Just as the Arabs try to delegltlmlze Israel . . at every lnternatlonal ~orum, ~1hether relevant to the topic .of the meeting or not, we should. try to ·1egltlmlze th~ Soviet Jewry Issue eve.ry·where • . For this we need· a comprehensive .calendar of lnternatlonal meetings,. and coordination of activities In regard to them.

June Jacobs concurred In these remarks.

Male voice. Our people shoul.d ask their governments to ·respond pos.ltlvel·y to Israel's new lnltlatlve ·to reestablish dlplomatlc relatlons wlth ' the USSR.

MaL~ voice, English. There are 11 .Jewlsh NGOs •. It should not be dlfflcu.lt to activate them and coordinate tpelr activity, In consu~tatlon · with the people from Israel , on the Soviet Jewry Issue.

~le voice, American. Shou ld not just tell the governments what we .want t hem to do; should ask them to ask th.emselves what more they can do,_ which wt II force them .to ._thlnk If'! posltlye and constructive terms.

Avratiam Ha rman read a draft document, "Message to Our Brethren In the USSR," Israel Singer and others suggested that It· be read on the Voice of Amerl9a, Kol Ylsrae l, BBC . .

A general discussion was opened. The first speaker was~ Goodman. Co9rdlnatlon ·of activities need not be too centralized.

Each country ml~ht have one contact person and these people could keep rn ·+ouch with each other whenever they have materials of Interest. Th·fs Is an Informal, sel f-actlvatlng, mat I process. ·

Rabbi A. Soetendorp. TH I recently there was . 1lttle or no contact . b.etween ·+he natl ona I comm I +tees, and the need for contact Is felt. We also lac.k flnanclal resources . Usefol materlals prepared Jn: one place should be dlstr.lbuted to the others.

I .. . 15 -15-

Barbara Stern. Each commttte.e might prepare 1lsts of the materials they have, then any other committee that wanted something could just ask for It.

· Male vof.ce, Israel!. In addition to such lists, each local committee could send at Its own expense anything It had prepared which It thought would -be of use to others.

Act! vi ty Is beg Inn Ing In 'Europe wh I ch w 111 lead governments there to give greater weight to the Sov·let Jewry Issue as a factor In East-West relations. (Mltte,rand took a Jewish leader with hl.m to Moscow, for example.) Our success here requires of us

permanent coordination that takes account o~ the sp~clflcs of the European . s I foat I on.

St~hen Roth(?). The Wor.ld Jewish Congress can undertake some coordinating activities In Europe with no added expense to anyone.

Rabbi Bent Melchior. A problem with dls:trlbutlng materials In . . Europe .- ·the dl fferent countries ·speak dHf~rent languages. He hopes the big ~ountrles' organizations wl·t I put th~ smal·le\ ones on their . ' . . _maltt·ng llsts to receive useful materials. Although difficult, there

should be greater cooperation In Europe. B~lng :Informed of past an·d future events; th.lngs we can act upon, Is very Important.

Albert Chernln. Exchange of materials Is no big problem. A calendar of future events could be put to~ether with everyone's cooperation and using .the shllchlm and the Israel office ..

R_abbl A .. Soetendorp. France and England should help the other smaller countries' committees. A committee shoula be set up In .Germany. Again, funding Is a problem.

Arleh Handler. Soviet Jewry ts not given .enough attention by the Jewish community, the establ-lshment ·organizations In each country. They do not realize the present · emerg~ncy situation. So, the

I: •• 16 -16-

sponsorJ ng organ I zat Ions of th Is body, the top world Jew I sh organ I zat tons, Jewish Agency, B'nal B'rlth, World Jewlsh Congress, etc., should raise the Soviet· Jewry issue In a ll their activities, In private as well as

public meetings • . In small a~ wel I as large foru~. to get to the grass roots.

Werner Rom. We, thls meeting should draft an appeal to the Jewish comm.unities fo pay more attention to Soviet Jewry. He agrees with S. Roth, nq need. for new office to promote European coordination. He agrees with Rabb i A •. Soetendorp, funding .Ts a problem. The establishment of a Soviet Jewry committee In Germany Is very Important_.

Morris Abram. Coordination means exchange of Information. Vie are

al I goln_g .to funn~I Information I nto some place and then get It back.

Cl aude Kel"l

budget~ need for some organ izing In t erms of bringing the commun,ty leaders toggther for discussions. France has, and could. help other

countries to o'rganlze, a National. Committee for the Protection ~f the Rights of Sovi et Jews, Involving non-Jewlsh · actlVlsts • .o r ra.dlo broadcasts to the USSR, news to Jew.s about Jews - France coul_d help other countries In this, ·somet~l rig could be organ i zed which fi ts ever yone • ._ Another example, l awye rs' and jurists' corrmlttees should meet to discuss appropriate legal responses t o t he new Soviet legal harassment of Soviet Jews.

· Barbara Stern. Th I s has been a gooo, we I I-organ I zed , p ~oductl .ve meeting. We need a stronger European ?ovlet Jewry .movement In or der to take the pressure off the US-USSR. confrontation . This I s a time of opportun 1ty In Europa. Ml ght have been a good Idea to pay for someone from Germany to come to this meeting, on a one-time basis ~ to gener~te enthusfasm and cpmmltment. The 35s should be represented on ·the presf dlum.

June Jacobs. Je\','lsh leaders t'n England are not Involved In the

Soviet Jewry campafgn. Nee~ to get them Involved; then the rest of the Jews wf 11 become ·Involved, and then the press wl 11 take It up. we ·need a renewed emotlonal commitment to the campaign, by the communities . We shou l d first. act, then the money needed wl. 11 be found. We ne~d to· talk less and do more.

I ... 17 -17-

~ .

Thursday, 20 September Session Five •

The chairman, Mr. Avraham Harman, opened the sess·ion.

Mr. Leo.JJevas. In order to get to the grass roots, conferences of heads of various non-Soviet-Jewry-campaign or ganizati ons mf.ght .be held, to I nspire them to take the message home to thel.r organizations, ·to the ·rocal J~wlsh communities. Serre thought s:hould be glven to how we can exploit or llnk up to the current publlc Interest In Sakharov and the dissidents,

without mixing up the two lssu~s.

Kenneth Bl al kin presen.ted a draft press release on .the pr.esent meeting, . to. be used by each de l egate as· he saw flt.. A discussion of this draft fol lowed.

Mr. Ken'!~ Bl al kin made sone concludlr:ig observations. The ful I impact o'f t his l'Tl9etlng wl 11 unfold· In th~ months ~head. ·1+ I s good for activists In a tough struggle to meet and test Ideas and be relnsplred. A .fot more has to be done to sensltlz.e tlte Jewish commun I ties. Each organ I za-tlon should behave as· If It were -the ·o·n l y one dea_l lng with the problem •. This Is ok If we air" have the

same program and goal. W~ must- al ~o stay In touch ~n d coordinate.

·But our strength Is In having ~any diverse gr~ups. active, We must get the non-Jewish communities ·interested f!lOre too.· T~e US Conference of Presidents wl 11 ass I-st others· and do whatever It can directly

to th~ best of Its abl I !ties".

Mr. Morris Abram made some concludlng observ~tlons. After the US e lectl ons East-West negotiations· are sure. to be renewed , with both s I des Interested In p regress . . We shou Id ensure that the p 11 ght of . . . Soviet Jewry . Is nof a "thrcW away" Item on the agenda, but one of high .prforlty. We have t i me now to go home and mo?J llze for thfs. · effort. Congratu l ations to Arye Dul zl n and Yehuda Lapldot on organizing a very successful meeting.

Avraham Hannan. Words of thanks to t~e various hosts and organf zers of the meeting, and to the speakers. Our rreetlng had a purpose , our kno'.f' ledge ti as been enrl ched·, we have a practi.ca I concrete program of cha I lengf ng action. Europe has begun to take on a lar ger

·1 •• • 1e -18- ...

~ role In our ~truggle .. And we have begun to hear more from Latin America. Our great problem n9W, how to 'translate our deep concem over the growing.dangers and crisis confront.Ing Soviet Jewry Into action, how to arouse the Jewish communfjles and· through them the whole world.

Conc l uding remarks by Mr ·. . Aiye Dulzln. He concurred with ihe remarks of A. Harman. We leave. .thls conference with great hope. We see that Jews cannot live as Jews In a totalltartan regl.rre, by their

nature, by the Ir need to be d T f ferent. l~e · have adopted today the s logan repatriation, respondin~ t~ the appeal of the Jews Inside the USSR. Without the . existence of the State of Israel · Soviet Jewry· would nave disappeared In another. generation or so. Soviet Jews should come to Israel . Then , If they wa.nt to leave, they can. To label Soviet Jews as .refugees when th9 State of I srael exists, Is an Insult to the Jewish state - Jews have a place

where they can go, they are ~o longer home less. If t he doors open

again and neshrra contJnues on a large scale, then It ~I I I be t he end for Soviet Jewry, they wJ°I I close the doors again brutally. But we end on a ·note of hope, and express our solidarity with our brothers In the USSR.

Prof.· Yeh.uda lap I dot thank9d Arye Kedem, Ste 11 a, and He I en ·· for their work In organ·.lzlng the meeting.

The meeting closed with the s inging of llaTlkva. ~ . 4 T'lshrel 5745 30 September 1984

~, GUIDE TO ACTIVITIES ON BEHALF OF SOVIET JEWRY .. DURING 1984 - 1985

A. Holldays, Dates, and Events

t, Rosh Hashana and the Hfgh Holldays ~These _holidays should be taken· advantage of to ar-ouse the Jewish world to ~ct! qn on behalf of Sovlet ·Jewry

sending of greetlng~ t? refuseniks) • . 2. · Sl!llchat Torah - 18-20 October, specfal "hakafot"· In the synagogues and street miarches . on behalf of Soviet Jewry. 3. Sollderlty events In Canada 13-19 Octob&r, with the partici­ pation of c;>llm from the USSR·• fohner refuseniks. 4. NCSJ cenventlon In Weshlngtun - 19-23 October, with the partlc­ ·lpatlon ·of ollm from the USSR, fotmer refuseniks. 5. October - Meeting lh Holland of the European Inter-Part larnent!ry Councll for So~let Jewry . 6. October-November - Meetl ngs of the heads· of ·conmun It I es· a n d / · o t' '. the heads of the natl ona I organ I zat Ions for S?vlet Jewry with the heads of their governments and Ml=rifsters ·at ·Foreign Affal rs, .with the request that they turn to the Soviet authorities and ask them to stop the persecution 9f Jews and to allow the Jews to make ellyah to Israel

I ... 2

j -L.-

11. Decenter - M3etthg of jurists for Soviet Jewry ·in Paris. ·12. Month of December. - Woi-1d Month of So1 ldarlty with Sov.fet Jewry. Empha~;f s on t~e Shabat of Chanukah ·-c2.2 Decembed and use of the symbol Ism of Chanukah ·and th~ slogans: a. re11nlflcatlon of" the Jews of the USSR with their: people In Israel, b. "the people of ls·rael Is .respons·lbfe for each of Its members," c. t~e heroism of our brethren In the USSR. . . 13. Beginning of Aprl I 1985 - Meeting of part 1.amentarl~ns from the Western hemisphere In ottawa , with the .parflctpatlon of MP~ from the .USA, Clinada, and lat.In America. This Is In antl~lpatlon

of the Helslnkl C~feren~ experts meeting which wl 11 take place In ottawa In May 1985. . 14. BeglnnJn,g of Aprl I 1985 - Meeting In Europe parallel .to the one above. . . 15. 5 May 85 - S~lldar5ty Day for Soviet Jewry In New York. 16. 7· May 85 - Meeting ·IM ·0ttaw•· O'f " e~perts· : on : .honian rights In the framework -0f the Helsinki Conference. 17. May 1985 ;., ·.Meeting· of· ·the ·s~cond lnternetlonal Conferenee' of Parl l~men+ary Wives · f~r Soviet ~ewry. In Londo~. 18. 'June 1985 - lnternatlonal Youth Festtval In Moscow. Activity on the netr"ona I le-A\ I among ~tudents to rnake :them more aware ~f th~ dHfltultles of J~wfsh students In the USSR! ..

.... )'- . B. General Areas of Activity

1. On the · lmtematlonal Level a. Activity through. o,r~anlzatlons, bodies, and persons ·who h~ve corrmercl ;,I ·ties wt th th~ USSR. both for gel"!era!' alms and on behalf of Individuals.CA list of International corporations wt 11 be prepared and dlstrJbuted separately j) b. lnvolven:ient of the "S?dal Is~ International" and the "Democratic lnternatlonal"and ttie'\lberal fntematfonal" which were established ' ' re~ntly.

I ... 3 -3-

• Its elected representatlves and requests to them to set both on the plane of resoluffons regarding prlnclples and on the personal plane.> d. Continue to take advantage of UNESCO to submit complaints against the ll~ltatlons belng placed upon Hebrew teacher$ In the USSR. . . e . · Investigate the posslbl I lty of using the .International la.bor · Organization for our purposes. f. Coordination of activity for refusenlk scientists.

2. On tfie Natlonal Level

a. Campaign to ~nllst activists for Soviet Jewry . b. Continue to submit complalnts to local postal authorities tn every case of the Sovtets violating the rules· regarding the delivery of mal I to Soviet Jews • .. c. Organize pu~lfc p _rot~s+s

Note: %re detat"ls, additions, ·and up-dates wlll be sent on a ··regular ·basl.s.

! , AODENDUM to Section 8-1*

t, Hovember 1984 - Annual dl.scusston on human rlg~ts Issues Jn the · ·

Third Committee of the United Nations CECOSOC) - N~w York.

2. January 1985 - Dlscusslo~ In the Council of Europe on Soviet Jewry fol lowlng submission of Report by Kurt Hugosson, Swedish member of the Councl I and Rapporteur on Soviet Jewry In the Councl 11 s · Committee on European Non-Member States.

3. February 1985 - Meeting of the United Nations Commission

on Human RI ghts ·In Geneva. :::- ....

4. May 1985 - · SelT)l-annual Meeting of the UNESCO Committee on Conventions and Recommendations ln Paris

5. A~gust 1985 - Annual Meeting of the United Nations Sub-Commission o'n Preventt.on of1' Dlscr.lmlnatlon· and Defense of Minorities, In Geneva.

*· Dates glve·n are apprq~lmate and subject to change. •I . I G0003

,. .' GENERAL SITUATION IN THE USSR .. According to the Soviet Press and Radio

October 1984

We start this review by remarking on the individual reports and publiqations which drew our attention. - "Izvestia" of 9 Oct. reported that International Letter Week started in the Soviet Union. The report was part of an article about the work of the Soviet postal system. The article "A Task of Great Political Importance" ("L~ninskoye ~namia~, ll Oct,) tells that a selective socio­ demog~aphic inquiry will be conducted in the country in 1985. The article "What Is The ILO*Heading For?" ("Izvestia",· 3 Oct.) contains a number .of attacks on this organization. Among them we found the foilqwing one: " ••• (the ILO)serves as an initiator of various unseemiy actions and inspires the submission to the ILO of 'complaints~ against socialist. countries in connection with their alleged failure to observe !LO conventions ratif.ied by them." The article. "Well-Wishers with a Master-Key". ("Sovetskaya Ros~iya", 14 Oct.) appeared with a sub-title "Whcm Does ''Amnesty'· International~ . the CIA Creation, ·Take Care Of." A whole page was set aside in "Turkmenskaya Iskra" for condemnj,nq ,a certain:· Khalmuradov, now working· for ·Radio Liberty.· All the items on that page have a common heading: "The Traitor Has No Homeland!" ".Argumenty i Fakty", No. ·. 42, · 16 Oct. ·, printed an arti~le entitled "Homel~nd Is The Strongest ~agnet" and listinq almost all the _Russian artists, writers, etc. ·who emigrated and then . ' - came back to the USSR. We r.oted a tendency to stress · everything "Russian". In this connection we would like to rnentj,on the article by Prof·. M. Mitin (one of the more prominent "off.i,cial Jewsn), "The Triumph -of Lenin's National Policy" (."Kazakhstanskaya Pravda", 9 Oct.), and a conference on the same subject held in· Kazakhstan ("Against Bourgeois Falsifiers" in . "Kr~·snaya Zvezd~", 12 Oct. ,. and in "Komsornolskaya Pravda"·' 12 Oct.) ••• 2 The International Labor Organization ~­ I .;.. 2 -

Late!~ we have noticed a tendency to . theorize. The article "Rumours As a Means of 'Psychological Wa~fare ·•" ("Argumenty . i Fakty", No. 41, 9 Oct.} contains a cla.ssifi~ation of rum~urs, conditions of their circulation, social reasons for their appearance·, etc. Great care has.. been taken sometimes to. create an appearance of objectivity. Thus, for example, it is stated in the article "N.eo-Conservatism in the Service of Imperialist Reaction" ("Pravda", 8 Oct:} that: "bourgeois liberalism sometimes qemonstrates a sober approach to .changes in the line-up of ·forces on ·the international scene and tries to find some kind meaning in the· proapects ot histo~ic movements"·. In the field of .economics we would like to mention'," first of all, the publication .we found in "Argumenty i Fakty", No. 42, 16 Oct. in the section "Questions and Answers". T.he question in this case started as follows: "If our enterprises were to feel "the competitor breathing down their necks",would they. no~ . ' 8blve. more quickl~~.i;~~t~. · . In .the reply the author, a Doctor of Economic Studies, explains that "socialist, collectivist relationships and competition" are rnutualiy exclusive. However, he admitted that "competition often appears as the moving force l:o improve -production". We would like to explain that .the very· fact of a questic:>n about competition appearing in the open press is something very - unusual, especially since it-was admitted that there was a positive side to it. We can, perhaps, assume that . a· stru99le is going on between.; those .. supportin9 totally opposing views on solving economic problems, and not only does this struggle exist, but it is intensive enough ·for us to .find echoes of it in the press. One more publication ·in the field of economics, "~conoril-ic ?otenti~l·' .. in Action" by ~ Marshal of the Soviet Union S. Kurkotk in, _the Deputr Minister of Defence of the USSR ,

can, most pr~bably, be considered a confirmation of the above­ mentioned assumption of intense polemics iri the economic field. (The ar~icle was subtitled · "Protection of Socialism: Historic Experience and Modern Times".) ••• 3 - 3 -

·''·

\'1e mentio11ed in our review last month that special stress has been placed in the Soviet press on such economic issues as problems in the timber in~ustry, transport and, for some reason~ medical . supplies. l\ttenti.on was still drawn to · problems· in· timber industry and transport in this m~nth' s pape.rswhile an interesting it~m appeared ±n connection with medical ~upplies to chemist shops: it " w~s stated in the article ''.;Just Like a Chemist" ("Komsomolskaya Pravda", 13 Oct.~ that those responsible for deficienciies in_ supplying medicines to the population were being severely punished. The most intere'sting point in the article was, however, a different one. It contained a quote from a letter by a woman residing in Leningrad who wrote: "A cardiologist ••• refused to ·write ~e a prescription for medicine. She told me that this medicine was not av:ailable in chemist shops now. She also said that she w9uld. be reprimaridea '.if she wrote such a prescription." The pract.ice of "not writing prescriptions for medicine (I ·because it is not available,. is as old" as Soviet medicine it- self, _but never was it ever written about openly. On the

contrary; it was alway~ carefully concealed as if it were a state secret, since publicizing such a fact would strongly discedit the "trump-card" claims a.bout the .existence of free medical services in the USSR. Thus, · one more item has been added to the list of "unheard-of events taking place in the Soviet Union". In view of the above-mentioned struggle in the field of economic policy it is not surprising that so much space was allotted to the fight against embezzlement, drinking and crime, .especial.ly juvenile crime:: "To Save the Children and the Youth" ("Agitator", No. 19,l984.): "In the Service of Justice" ("Sovetskaya Belorussia", 26 Oct.); "The Right to · Necessary Pr:otection" ("Sovetskaya Latvia", 21 Oct.): "Everyone Should Strengthen Publi.c Order" ("Sovetskaya Litva", 9. oc:t.)_; "Legal Education" ("Sovetskaya Rossia", 16 Oct.); "In commissions Dealing With L~gislative Proposals" ("Pravda Ukrainy", 16 Oct. ); "llfttensifyfng: the Fight Against ·Theft of · . ·­ Socialist Property"(~Leningra4skaya Pravda", s Oct. ) • • • • 4 . •' - 4 -

Drd.nking ha·s · be.come such a problem that even tourist guides haw'.'! started complainin:g about it., and .it was cm the ._pages Of the "Pravda". .:nc»l~¢:s, thaf ·: th~ ir · ~orhpiaint was · ~oi.~~d: . "The Guide· Was Asked to Be Silent" ( "Pravda", 22 Oc~.). Ainong the ma'terial on crime we noticed reports on a Q.ew kind of crime in the USSR - kidnapping~ ~ which . is being .called a "deal" ("sdelka") ~n Russian ("A Deal" in "Sotsialisticheskaya

Industrla", 20 O~t.) · . Fighting crime was the subject of ·a radio program

featuring the Minister of the ~nterior, Fedorchuk, on 30 Sept. (SWB SU/7764/Bl .• ) We also not.iced an arti~le by v. Gladyshev, Head. of the Political Section of the Minitry of the· rnterior of the USSR, entitled "The Fighting Fame of Oita: Police" ("Agitator", No. 20,

Oct. · ~984). There were no changes in the material on . youth. The material dealing with foreign tourists can be divided into two categories:· publications .telling about the enthusiasm of foreign tourists about what they saw in the ussn· (see, for example, "The People Here Are Won~erful" in "Komsomo~skaya Pravda",· 7 Oct;) and publications about tourists engaging in sabotage (see: "Private Definition" in "Izvestia", 22 Oct. and a radio program on 21 Oc~. /SWB SU/7781/Al/~/). i'Pseudo­ Tourists in 'Odessa" were the subject of a television program on 6 Oct. {SWB SU/7773/Al/l). • . The art,tcle "Strange _Ecologists·" ("Izvestia" ,1 Oct. ) . also dealt with p~rsons from abroad who engaged in undesirable activities. One of them, for example, "has been looking for the so-called '-dissidents 1 for soine years now." As far as dissidents are concerned, a delegation of the Supreme Soviet ·visiting Copenhagen is quoted as having .said t}Jat "Sakharov can leave the S.oviet uriion". (This was also included in a . . radio program in English: SWB SU/7778/Al/10). Finally, we noticed that Trotsky did .not just appear in Soviet fiction, but a radio program ~out him was directed to South America on ·1 Oct. , in English (SWB SU/7773/Al/l).

12 November 1984 s . Tartakovskaya

••• 5 5

,, ...... P.s •. The Presidium o·f the USSR S~preme Soviet· iss\}ecf

a decree corive.n~rtg tf1e 02<1 .- s.ession of the USSR supreme Soviet o~ the llt;:.h convocation on . 27 November 1984 ("Komsomols~aya Pravda", 28 Oct. 19-84 and ·other papers.) · ·

.· ·. · IS0003

. "ISRAE.L IN SOVIE'f PRESS AND RADIO"

October: l984

We would like. to begin this review by noting that the last ten d~ys in October were. characterised by the appearance

in the press ·of about a dozen long ar'ticles s~gned by such well-known correspondents a.s Igor Belyaev, Aleksander Bovin, A. Kapralov and P. Demchenko,. and cpn~tituting an addition to the usual reports· on the events in Lebanon. The articles in questiop are: A. Bovin '~Looking For a · Solution" :· in "Izvestia" of 26·:.. oct . 1984; I. Bely~ev "The Middle-East: What Next?.'' in "Literaturnaya Gazeta" of 24, 0ct. 1984: A. Kapralov "Stakes on Israel Are Increasing" in "Izvestia" of 25 Oct. 1984; I. Belyaev "The Middle-East: Where Is The Solution?" in "Pravda" of. 27 Oct. 1984; A Zhukov "lsrael: A. ~ociety Without a Future" in "Komsomolskaya Pravda" of 23 Oct. 1984; v. Vinogradov "The Middle East: Who ts Kindling the Fire?" {accompanied by a cartoon>. in "Krasnaya Zvez'da" of 21 Oct. 1984. We would like to mention iri particular ..an edi t~rial earried ·by "I.zvestia" of 22 Oct. !°984· and entitled "A Stable Peace for the Middle East"·. The editorial, ends by a motto chosen from the"Appeals oti the 67th Anniversary of the October ~eyolution": "Peoples of Arab .countries! Cc:>nsolidate your t-anks in the struggle against ·Israeli aggression and the diktat of imperialism!" The fact that an editorial is devoted to criticism of the Zionist leadership 9£ Israel, of its alliance with the US, etc •. is in itself significant and the fact that the editorial ends with sucp an appeal is without precedent altogether. In "Appeals of llhe Central committee of the CPSU on the 67th Anniversary of the Great ·october Socialist Revolution" ii) "Sovei!skaya Ross~a"- of .i1' Oct. 1984 (~nd ~l). other newspapers) 4 points are devoted to the struggle of Arab peoples again~t I~rael while only 3 points deal with the peoples of Asia, Africa, Latin-America, Namibia, Nicaragua and Grenada.

• •• 2 - 2

The article "It Isn~ t Just .the Music" in "Molod' Ukrainy" of 20 Oct-. 1984 has nothi~g to do with Israel, it seems, since it is devoted to the harmful inf~uence of Western music, but the author managed to mention " Israeli atrociti~s" even in an art.icle such as this one. In general there was much less material about Lebanon than about other subjects. Even the 60th annive~sary of the establish­

ment of the Co~unist party in Lebanon did not bring about more than just a congratulation message from the Central Committee of the CPSU in ."Pravda". of .21 Oct., ·and two other brief items . For example, ·the quantity of material about . Israe~'s alliance with the US and with other countries was twice as .large, it seems,. as . the quantity of material· on Lebanon. Among ~he former we would like to mention·; for example, "The Unequivocal Position of ~WAPO" in "Novoye Vremia",. No. 44, of 26 Oct. 1984,· dealing with ·Namibia, and another article, "The Military and Political Alliance· of Washington with the. Racist State of south-Africa: _and ale:... ·zronist : state of t~ra@l"·. · · There was a lot of material on Soviet-Syrian relations and, in particular, on President Assad's v~sit. There was a report ~n Meir V~lner's visit to the USSR · in "Sovetskaya Litva" of 16 Oct. 1984 only. The ·magazine "Azia i Afrika Segodnia", No. 10, Oct. 1984, printed a:. story by an Israeli writer, Amikam' "Jobnik". Therewere a number· of radio programs on Radio Moscow dealing with the US-Israeli alliance ~ (for reference see: 2 Oct.1984 SWB SU/7766/A4/l; 5 Oct. 1984 SWB SU/7772/A4/11 7.. Oct. 1984 ·/ SWB SU/7769/A4/2; 8 Oct. 19 84 ; SWB SU/7772/A4/l; -_,, 4 Oct. 1984 ;! SWB SU/7772/A4/3;-20 Oct. 1984: SWB SU/77f'3/Al/3; and a te_levision program 4 Oct. 1984 . SWB SU/7772/A4/3. Therewere also a number of radio programs on Soviet­ Syrian relations and President Assad's visit to the USSR: 7 Oct. 1984 SWB US/7769/A4/1; 16 Oct. 1984 SWB SU/7776/A4/l (local broadcast and one for abroad); 15 Oct. ·1994 SWB .;. SU/7776(A4/2: 15 Oct. 1984 SWB SU/7777/A4/3: 17 Oct. 1984 SWB SU/7778/A4/l. • • • 3

No first name was mentioned. The author is an Israeli * Communist. - 3 -

There was a radio program on :-.tibe rne~tlrig between the Soviet Foreign Mi~ister Gromyko · and Yaps~r Araf~t (8 Oct. 1984 SWB SU/77769/A4/l). L. Korneev and v. Bolshakov, both. of them familiar to our readers·.. wr9te artici.es d~aling ' w.ith · the ... M6•aaa: L.korneev "The Nuclear Fist of Tel-Aviv" in "Sovetskaya Rossi.a", · 19 Oct. 1984, . and .V.Bolshakov "In the Quagmire of Falsehood" in "Pravda" of 20 Oct. 1984. · The two articles ·are undoubtealy no less significarit than the material mentione~ at. the beginning of this review. · Thus, there is an app~rent tenden~y · td intensify- the . anti-+s·rael propaganda 9ampaign. Israel was .also mentioned in .5 articles that dealt with the CIA.

11 November Tart~ovsk.aya . \

S 1010 a

"SITUATION OF THE JEWS IN THE USSR ACCORDING TO THE SOVIET PRESS AND RADIO" OCTOBER 1984

Travel notes wi-ftten by, Stanlslav Tfro entitled "~orlng Llnes

of ProvocatJ·on'' we~ publlshed Jn the joumal "DaPntJ Vostok" CNp. · 4, 1984). This article tells about how In .Brlsto.n port '.'the local Zionist organtzatJon held a '.meeting of protest against restrlctlons on the rights of Jews ·rn the USSR'." "Argumenty 1 Fakty" CNos. 40, 41, & 42, 1984) publlshed an arttcle under ·

'the heading "How They Cook U~ Slanders and Lfes" by V. Kassis and L. Kolosov, who are known for their publlcations on the connecttons between the CIA and the Jews. The artlcle Is entlt.led "Foreign . . Voices." As usual In art~cles by these authors, they talk about

the connectlons between t~e CIA and Jews who emlgra!ed to Israel, and from there ·to the West. · Se~ral examples were cited.· We bring one quotation: "Old-time radio sabboteurs either fal I Into marasmus or leave for another world. N~w personnel comes malnly through the 'lsraelf channe I , ' that Ts, persons who eml grate· to I srae I Tn order to be '·reunlfled with the.Ir famllles _ ,"whlch~ as you · ·yourselves understand, are .matnty mythical .• " Bes I des the Jews, the art le le · a I so ta I ks about d°lss I dents -

Bukovsky , Cha 11 d·ze,

of cousins, al I of whom .have helped each oth~r for many years and .shared their concerns and joy~. In 1972. M.U. emigrated to the USA '·wlth his wife and two young daughters to a dearly loved sister·.

I .. . 2 -2- \

There was s I mp I y no way· he cou Id I lve wJ thout th Js s Jster. · Fri ends advised him not to hurry - to go for a visit, to Investigate. But no, he decided that would be a waste of money ·- he would just go, right away. And now he Is asking for penntsslon to return to the USSR.· He writes: . 'I soon became convlnc:ed that the future of my faml ly was Jn danger. It ts very df ff.Jcult for us to I Ive Jn a forelgn country.' Wei I,

and · what about the ·s Jster he I oved so much? She .got her s~a. re too. 'I have no relatlves In the USA,' writes .M.U., 'apart from a half-sister . ' That's reunification for you!" We have brought this ·tong quotatlon not by accident. The point we want to make Is that the artlcle "Retribution" ls not ab'out Jews, but about Armenians. Artlcles about Armenian emigration from the USSR have appeared_before, .but there have never been ariy tll.I now which lmltate the artlcles about Jews so preclsely. · Three art Jc les about neo-Nazfs ("The Fasel st Genes of Mister Shokll ," "Sovetskata Moldavl .fa," 15 October 1984; "'Qutet American' In Vienna," "Trud," 1.3 October 1984; "Grimaces of Neo-Nazlsm,n

"Sotslallstlcheskala- lndustrl la,". ~4 October 1984) talk about the way the Naz·ls treated the Jews during World War 11 . There were about fifteen artlcl~s about positive Jews

mentioned such people>, and there wer~ four artlcles about negative Jews, lncfudlng. the novel "Kamo •. "Remind .Mel" ("Novyl Mir," No. 5, 1984), which has In It historical figures - the._Jew Zhltoml. .rskll I who ls pr.esented · ln a negative manner and Stal Jn who Is presented In a posltlve manoer. Among the publlcatlons on positive Jews there was an article about Senrlkh Gofman - Hero of the Sovlet ·Unlon Cone of those Jews whom they send abroad ·and In general present for display>, "Forced Land Ing" ( "~ovetska I a Be I oruss I I.a," 17 October 1984 >•

. We note the artfcle "Paradise .Which . Tumed Into Hell" C"Bakfnsklt Rabochll ," 26 October 1984>. The artlcle ls about how bad ft .Is for Jews who have emigrated to l'srael. It ls distinguished from other articles of this type by the fact that a lot ot' space In It Is devoted to the antl-Zl9nlst Committee, Sedov's book "Wager on Terror," which was prepared by the antl-Zlonlst Committee, and the slmllarlty between

Zlonfsm and Nazlsm. Arrong other things I~ mentions the attempts to kl. I I M• . Vflner and Ur:I Avnerl., who put forth the _slogan "de-Zlonlzatfon o~ Israel."

9 October 1984 S. Tartakovskala s 1010 c

JUDAISM ..!!;! .THE USSR

ACCORD !.!:!9_l0_ THE SOVIET PRESS ANO ~~ I 0

(I NC_LUD I NG f.1ATER1 AL ON OTH_~R RELi GI ONS IN THE USSR) · bCTOBER 1984

The journal 11 Nauka I Rel lgl la" 'Inevitably becomes' slmultaneously a Jew and a Judalst, which serves as the - 'theoretic.al basis '· of the i'dentlflcatlon of ·· ethnic and confessional . ·indications so dear to the hearts of the Zionists and Judalc clericals • . From these worth less .Premlses ensues the cruel violence done to the consc t ences of Is rae I l s , .'born Juda I sts,' but who do not agree to accept the ant I-sci en+ I f I c th~s Is about the 1r fata I , 'b 1·0Iog1ca1 1 connection with Judaism." (P. 27. ) "Here the lecturer should dwe l I upon the subversive ac+Jons. of the Zlontsts and Judaic clerical s. \'/hat, for examp l e , Is one of th~ Ideologists of Zi onism, Ts. Gltelman, trying to prove when he accuses 'Nauka l Re l !gila' and G. Bakanursklt who pub I !shes on Its pages a~d the author of these I Ines. of seeing a daftnlte connection between Juda Ism and Zfon Ism? r:;f te 1.rman 's len9thy exposures, p I aced ln the American Journal "Problems ?f Corrrnunlsm," pub I fsh9d by the CIA, and which corre down to the allegetlon, flrst of .a l I, that Jews, Zlonlsts, ·and Judalsts are all lumped together In Soviet publlcattons, . . encourages the Western reader to the provocative concluslon·: If

/ ••• 2 -2-

Ztonlsm (Ilka any bourgeots nat lonallsm) t s outside the law tn the USSR, then tt turns out that Judaism too, and the Jews themselves, are outside .the law. "Emphattcal l y rejeettng such a I.umping togett:ier as antf-sclenttflc and faulty, we cannot, however, faf I to note the fact that Jn pursu ft of. the Ir base afms Zlonlst fdeologlsts exp l ott, not rell·gfon 'ln genera l, ' but prectsely Judalsm, using Its dogmas to ground their pollttca l doctrtne."

1 "Western Tdeo logl sts of Judai sm use the concept 'House of Israel · - the c l erlca l eq ulvalent of the mythlcal 'world Jewtsh natlon,' with the he l p of which clttzens of Jewi sh natlonaltty 'are chopped off' from fhe Sovtet people and transferred to be .8'iiong the

lnhabltants of t he House m~ntloned above."

"Nauka t Rel'lglla"

/ ... 3 -~- .

. f

learn Ing about the phenomena of nature and gettl ng to know the truth. 11 ( p. 46. ) The article co"ncludes by noting that Israel! theologians and phllosophers Cl. Kook and Martin Buber> attack Maimonides, and . the American historian of Judaism Rudavskl "tendentiously dissects ttie ph I I osophy of Ma I mc;>n I des." Moreover, "1 t turns out that the burea1,1crats of the Russ 1an Ts·ar NI chol as I w.ere a I armed by the poss I b I I I ty of · Maimonides' Ideas penetrating Russia:" And the article concludes: "The obscurantists of the Mlddle- Ages, the guardians of tsarism ·and Orthodoxy, and the contemporary apo logi sts of Judaism - they have - . all taken up arms and take up arms against the freedom-loving. phllosophlcal work of Maimonides." CP. 46.) Thus the Impression ls given that he ls honored on l y In the Soviet Union. The same Issue of "Nauka i Re II gll a" CNo. 10, 1984) had another article of interest, "Sources of Chri stianity" by Zenon Kosldovskil (author of the very well-known and good book, "Blbllcal Legends," which was published twenty-five years ago In the Sov i et Union>. The

artlcle explains "why P~le~tlne became bl I lngual, why th~ Je~s were a minority of the population In Gall lee, and even Jn · Jerusalem

Greek was heard not .only In the streets: there were synagogu~s where the Torah ~as read during wor.shlp In Greek translation." Further on·

the artlcle states that "the great· Jewish thlry~er Phi lo Alexandrlus (fir st century BCE>, who tried to fuse Into one .system Judaism and Platonlsm,· Pythagoreanlsm, Stoici sm, and the ' Greek . . . mystery wls~om, celled Jews who did not know Greek 'barbarians.' And the teacher of the _apostle Paul was the well-known expert In the holy writings Gamllel, a man who knew Greek fluently and was well-disposed toward Hellenism. Greek became the language of the higher, educated layers of Jewish society·, and Aramaic was used only by the simple people, those who were the most zealous supporters of orthodox Judaism. "Notable ln this reg~rd Is the story of Rabbi ben Abuya; who llved Jn the 2nd century CE. In his youth, as ls told In the Talmud, he read Homer and was fired by a passionate ·rove of Greek llter::ature. Then ·he became acquainted with Greek llterature, which seemed to him

I .. . 4 -4-

• to be significantly higher than the Talmudlc discussions about the Law. Ben Abuya decided to devote his llfe to the Hellenlzatlon of the Jews . He left - like the apostle Paul - the synagogue, extol llng the beauty of Hel l enism and sti gmatizing the T.almudlc narrowmlndedness of his brethren. But· this was the time after the destruction of

the Temple In Jerusa l ~m - . the bastion of Judaism, and the time of the growing Influence of Christianity. Judaism, · feel Ing that Its . . . . . existence was endangered, str.tve·d for Internal consolldatlon and made the rabbi who hJndered t.hJs cons·o lJ datJon .anathema and even prohibited his ' name from being pronounced. "The membe rs of the f I r st Christi an commun ! _ties , wh I ch arose outs fde ·Jerusa lem, were Initially so-called· 'Hellenlsts, 1 t hat I s , Jews whci spoke Greek and who were educated In the cllmate of He llenism. This orlglna t nucleus was soon joined ~y Greeks,· Syrians, an d r~present!=ltlves of other Mediterranean peoples who shared a common Hellentstlc culture and who turned to the new falth . Sev~ ral years after the destruction of .Jerusalem. Ch ristianity lost a ll connections with offlcl'al Judaism." .(Pp. 47-48.) We have at lowed ourselves to bring such a l ong quotation, first . of al I, because u·suatly very lfttle ts written· about Judaism as such~ and It Is even· more . rare for Judalsm· to be written about without being "stigmatized." Second, from the quotatl.on we have brought It Js obvious that even In an artlc'le which does not set out to "stigmatize" there ls a tendency to show that a great Jewish thinker was against Judaism, "In tts pure form·, " so to say, that a well-kn0«n expert In the holy

wrltln~s had the same tendency, and that a r abb i stl§matlzed

complet~ly the "Talmudlc narrowmlndedness of his brethren." As fas as other rel lglons are concerned, much space was devoted to Islam In particular In the collection "Arguments" ("Krasnal a Zvezda," 28 October 1984), and we leam that Mos I ems can be happy only In the USSR ("Pattern for the Whole East," "Nauka Rettglla," No. 10, 1984), and that rellglon ·Jn general as such and

the c l erlcals, no matt~r to which d~nomlnatlon they belong, are In the servlce of the CIA, the fascists, and the antl-Sovletlsts <"How Many Do I I ars for a Mass," "Sovetska la Ku I 'tura," .23 ·October 1984;

I . .. 5. -5-

•. "Whom Does the 'llvlng Chrlst' Sect Serve?," "Komso1T19l'skala Pravda," 4 October 1984; "In One Ha mess," "Za Hubezhom," No. 41, 5-1 I October 1984; "Rebel llous· Church," "lzvestlla," 8 October' 1984; "After the Storm What," "t'fovoe Vreml a'," No. 43, 1984.; "Pharl see,~·· "Argumenty l Fakty," No. 40, 2 October 1984; "Trojan Horse of the CIA," ''Za Rubezhom,". No. 44, 1984; "With. a Fa I sa Bottom, ""Sovetska I a Lltva," 25 October 1984). That . ts why It ls necessary to conduct atheistic propaganda ("Atheistic Education," "Sovetskala Ku l 'tura," No. 125, 18 October 1984; . . ."Atheist Convictions tor Youth," "Pravda." 18 October 1984;· "Atheist Education Jn Ml lltary Units," "Kornmunlst Vooruzhennykh Sii ,"No. 19,

11 October 1984; "Counter-propaganda: Problems of Methodology and Methods, · "Agitator," No . 19, October 1984>. On this background the wel I-known American rel fglous figure Bl 1ly Graham was permitted to preach Jn the US SR and the results of his trip were reported In the Item "I Met \'/arm and Friendly Sympathy'.!' C"Llteraturnala Gazeta," No. 41, 1984). I n Mose?' at the Initiative of the Pub I le Commission for Ties with Peace-Oriented Rellgtous Circ les attached to the Sovlet· Conmlttee In Defense of Peace a meeting of Sovi et and lndlan re.llglous··flgures was held. ('iTo Join . . . Forces," "lzvestlla," 4 Octo/Jer 1984,) "For the record" we note that a monument was un ve I led l n honor

of Academlclan Georgl ! T~eretell, who studied Semlto logy In particular <"To an Eminent Orlentallst," "Zarla Vostoka," 23 October 1984). Also "for the .record', 11 ·wrltlng, It seems, did not originate In ancient Sumer, but ln the vast region of the Near East <"The Secrets of the Origin of Writing· Are Reve aled ," "Za Rubezhom," No. 43, 1984). There was a radio broadcast on the conne ctions of rettglous figures wi th the CIA on 9· October 1984 tSWB, SU/7775/Al/18). On

10 October 1984 there was a radlo broad~ast on the v!slt of representatives of the East German church In Riga (SWB, SU/7779/Al/1) . There was a radio broadcast on 16 October 1984 on the anti-Soviet actlvfty ·of Lithuan ian clergymen

On 9 September 1984 Radle Vatican stated 'that the Soviet authorl·tles had

agreed to send 2 more students to the Rabb i nica l ~emln~r In Budapest. (For detal Is see SWB, SU/7767 (A2./?.)

9 October 1984 S • . Tartakovskala Some Unprecedented Events Reported in the Soviet Press

We noted in our monthly reviews that some unprecedi::nted events have started to take place in various wallks of Soviet life. We would like to list here the most significant ones among them:

1. The publ~cation in the magazine "Dal'ny Vostok" in April 1984 (the issue

reached us only now and therefore the article was not mentioned in o~r regular reviews) of the article "f?,orts of Provocation" (subtitled "Travel Notes") by Stanislav Tiro. The chapter 0 The 'Promethean Feat' That Never Took Place" tells about an incident that occured when a Soviet ship was m,oored at the Briston pier. Two policemen boarded the ship· and informed the ship's officers that "tomorrow the local Zionist organization will be holding a 'protest meeting_ against restrictions of the rights of Soviet Jews• alongside your ship. Two participants in the protest meeting will chain themselves of their own free will to the shop 's ladder. further on in. the same chapter we rea1d that pr.ovocatory plac~~ds in Russ_ian and English saying: "Down. with the Russians!, -Freedom for Soviet Jewry!; "Open Soviet Borders for All Those

~Jishing ta "Leave for the Free World!" - were raised above the crowd. finally, the reader finds. out that the fellows· who intended to chai~ themsel ves to the ship's ladder were dissuaded from doing so by the motor-mechanic of the Soviet ship, "a native of Odessa and. a Jew", Gofman .

No such description of activitie~ conducted on behalf of Soviet· Jews in the West has been printed in the Soviet press until now. 2. The ·same applies. to the description of the trial of Zakhar Zunsha:i,n in Riga ("lnstruc:tion for Narcissus" in "Sovetskaya Latvia" of 19 Aug. 1984. See: our August review).

3. Surnames and official positions of high-ranking KGB officials ar~ printed in the open press ("Together With The People" signed by the Chairman of the .KGB of Lithuania, in "Sovetskaya Litva" of 22 Aug. 1984~ See: our August review).- See also·: "To Raise Political Vigilance - Guarantee of the Inviolability of the State Border" in "Zarya Vostoka" of 25 Sept .• 1984,· and "for Feats of Heroism and Labor" in "Pionerskaya Pravda" of 25 Sept. 1984. (See.: our .September review). 4·. Open declarations are being made about the difficulties which the .Soviet economy is facing. for example, ''• •• At the beginning of the 1980's the rate of economic growth in. the USSR slow~d. down: "Soviet Economy: St~kes Are Placed on Modern -Technology" in "Sputnik" Digest, No. 9, 1984. See: our Sept. review).

• •• /2

.; 2

Statistical data ..:as published on the party leadership and' also the connection between crime and drinking· (Speech by' the Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPsu ·, E.K.Ligachev in "Sovetskaya Belorussia" of 22 Sept. 1984. See: our September review). s. In "Arguments and facts" N. 42, 16.10. 84, under the rubric "Question-answer" there is the question:"Do ent~rprises resolve their problems faster if they feel the

pressure of ~heir competito~s?" . The answer of D-r of Economic Science, Prof. R. Belousov contains the following: "Competition sometimes stimulates improvement of production". How unusual this

statement is for the Soviet press is clear from the Vf}rY answer of the same· professor, who also writes. the following: "Competition and the socialist, collect·ivistic relation­ ship between men are incompatible phenomena". (See: review for October 1984). 6. The American minister Billy Graham gave sern1llns in churches in the Soviet . Un.ion and the Soviet press reported this to its readers. ("The Arrival of an American Religious .Leader" in "Sovetskaya Estonia" of 11 Sept. 1984, and other pap~~s. See: our September review). 7. Some deputies of the §upreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR were de'prived of their titles following a decision of the working masses. ("Deprived of. the Voters' Trust" in "Izvestia", i2 July 1984. See: our· July review).

B. Among the data q1.,1oted in the book "Amplitude" (see our book review No. B0002) 1

there is the number of Jews who emigrat~d from the Soviet Union. 9. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" of 13 Oct. 1984 carried an article "Just D.ike a

Chemist" in which a woman .tells the readers that a physician did not give h~r a prescription for some medicine she needed because of i ts unavailability in chemist shops (phys~cians are reprimanded for writing prescriptions for medicine which is not available). Some expla~ations is called for here. The above-me~tioned report has nothing to do

with the so-called "individual shortcomings" in t~e Soviet public health system . which

have been mentioned ·in the press for years. The practi~e of leaving patients without medicines because they could not be obtained is as old as Soviet medicine itself. However, this fact has always been ·concealed very carefully since it unmasks the "trump card" argument about the existence of free medical services in . the Soviet Union·. Therefore, reports of this kind could not have appeared in the press. 10. · In his book ''Wormwood in foreign feelds" the author asserts the following

••• /3 - 3 -

idea: Among the White emigrlls only the "irreconcilable" ones were enemies of Russia. More than that, the book is dedicated to Deputy Minister of War of the Provisionai •

Government V.A.Y8 hontoY. The approach of the Soviets till now toward the White emigration is very well­

known, so it .is clear that their new approach is an unpreced~nted phenomenon. 11. The magazine "Sputnik", a digest of Soviet press, \or· October 1984 (printed · by the 11Novosti 11 Press Agency in Russian, English, French, German and Spanish)

;:iublished in the column "Editor's Note" an article entitled "Revolution ~nd Violence"-. It stated, among oth~r things, the following: "••• the revolutionary• coup ('perevorot II

in Russian) in 1917 in Russia was, we could say, the mos~ bloodless coup in history, and the number of victims abthe capture: . ~f the Zimny Palace in Petrograd could have been counted on fingers of b~th hands. 11

W~ have to point out that the Soviet press continuously ac~uses "bourgeois historians"· of ideological sabotage for calling the October Revolution a coup • . It is

therefo~e easy. to realise that su~h a statement coming from· the Chief Edito~ · of the

11 11 Sputnik , who is an o'fficial appointee, sounds nearly ~ensational. · ·Even if all the above-menti9ned facts could seem nothing but accidents, they certainly could not pass .as such if we cons~der· their aggregate meaning.

s. Tartakovskaya 20 ~ov. 1984

·P.S. According to the "Jerusalem a) an article by Academicia·n Sakharov was published in the Soviet journal

11 "Theo.retical and Experimental Physics , b) the Soviet Chief of Staff, Ogarkov, ·was removed ·from h.is post for anti-party tendencies; c) the. wel.1-known fact that Svetlana Stalin returned to the Soviet Union is, nevertheless, an extraordinary event. And it clearly fits into the clearly apparent tendency of the Soviet press to "whitewash" Stalin's personality.

* The Provisional Government headed by Kere.nsky was formed after the February Revolution of 1917. It was brought down by the· October · - (Bolshevik) Revolution'-of 1917. no. 92545

TRANSLATED from Russian FROl1: "~iteratu:r;naya Gazeta" , . uo~~. 17 Oct. 1984

SUMMAR".(

"Zionism and Nazism - a Sinister Handshake" (Press-conference of the Anti-Zionist Committee devoted to coliaboration between Zionists and Nazis. 12 October 1984)*

Repi!>r.t by TASS

The press conference started with a number of» speeches by foreigners · - members of the ·International° Commission· for. Inquiry . on .crimes Committed by Israel Against Lebanon and the Palestinian People : Yor:i 'l'okman (~weden), Miko Lokhikoski (Fin1and) and the Italian historian· Massi~o Massara~ o. Dragun!:;kY: Israel· did not celebrate the .. 40th ·anniversary of the victory o~er th~ uazis. Zionists coilaboi;ated with the Nazis during Horld Nar II. G •. L. Bondarevsk~, Dr. of History., Studies: Zio~ists collaborated with the Nazis in the l930's . since before Hitler's rise to power only 3 % of the Jews supported th~ Zionists. Fqllowing Hitler's rise . to power all the non­ Zionist Jewish ·organizations· were ordered to · disban~,,.;hile the ''Zionist Union Qf Germany" became . the . '.'Imperial Uniqn_ of German Jews" as a result of the collusion between .the Zionists and the Naz.is. The s eco~d purpose of the col~usion was the removal of capital qelonging the big Jewish bourgeoisie from Germany to Palestine. I n 1933 a secret agreement was concluded between· the Anglo-Palestinian Bank

and the Nazi Minister of Economy~~ ..' The Anti- Zionist Committee has at .its disposal the full text of this agreement. The third purpose of

• •• 2 • The press· conference.. was held at the Ministry ·of Fotei.gn 7\f f airs press- centre. - 2 -

thi$ . agreement was to apply the Nazi ra9ist policy as -' widl!ly as possible in order to organ.i ze emigration to Palestine. ·several $peci~l secret agreements to that effect. were signed in Himmler's Ministry. · The .deal between the Zionists and Hitler impair·ed the unity of the anti-Fascist forces and thus facilitated_ the launching of both World War II· and the policy of genocide. . . Yu.A.Shulmeiste~, Cana. of Jurid. Studies, senior lecturer at Lvov University: The. Zionists are also to blame for having . called. for submissiveness and collaboration with the Nazi regime. The "Judenrats'' selected th~. · victims.. · for murder. · ~ionist$ became agents of the ~estapo ·in orde~ to sa~e thei.r · supporters. Shultne;ister has at his disposal archive documents on activities of the Zionists in Lvov.

S.L.Ziv~. ' ls·t P~puty Chairman. of the AZC, Prof. of Jurid.Studies: Presented documents demonstrati~g proof of the collaboration of the Zioni$ts with the Gestapo. One of them - ~ report on the cont.acts between Gestapo officials and the Jiagana emissary sent from Palestine to Germany, F. Polkes. Polkes · took upon himself, among 'other things, to supply the Nazi!:! any -kind of information on the anti-Nazi activities of Jewish orga_nizations in different . countries. Zionists concealed information about . . ·the murder of millions of Jews from the wo~ld~ . . In 1942. the Soviet government. informed the world public about the scale of genocide carried out

••• 3 - 3 .-

against the Jewish people, while the Zionists continued to deny the fact that genocide had

taken place. On February 2, 1943 on~ of the leaders of the World Zionist Organization

declared: "Zionism is our suprem~ aim and this has to be declared each time whe~ mass murder of Jews can di·vert our attention from the Zionist s.truggle." Miko Lokhikoski: Zionists are using Nazi methods in their (Finland) treatment of Arabs. ·

The participants in the press ~onference answered th~ journalists' questions.

Question: Are t~ere any documents. demonstrating the approval and pr?pagati9n py the Zionists of the Nazi regime? O.N. Rybalchenko, Secretary of the Anti-Zionist .- ·Conunittee: Sovie't citizens contacted the· AKSO* :many times and reported ~vidence on collaboration between Zionists and Naz~s. E. M.Finkel, now present. in the audience, found in the archives in Cher~ovtsy documents on the· activities o~ · one of the leaders of the Zionist organization in Bukovina, the former member of

und~rground, pensioner Raifer served the Nazis because he was a Zionist leader. · In the archive copy of' an ·issµe of the paper "Tsh~rnowitzer Allgemeine Zeitung" of ••• 4 • Acronym of the Russian title of the Anti ~ Zionisrn Committee of Soviet. Public Opinion .. - 4 - '

September 1943 there is an article by Raifer in which he propagates Hitler's ideas. Question: Did the Zionist-Na·zi .alliance. manifest itself in acts of direct military cooperation? G.L. Dondar~vs~, or. of Historic Studies·: Representatives of the "Hagan.ah" established contac.ts with Eiclunann and other SS leaders in 1937.

The "Irgun Zvai Leumi" cont~cted Italian Fascists in· the autumn 1940 offering them their cooperation a_nd recommending that the Fascist army enter Palestine as soon as possible. A copy of the document presenting the recommendations made the "Irgun ~vai Leumi" in regards to solving_ .. the Jewish question in Europe and in regards to its .participation in the war on Germany's side, . was discovered after the war in Ankara, in the ar

established by Admi~al Canar~s. The nazi diplomat menti oned this document in his me~oirs "My Life - A Business Trip". Question: What was the attitude adopted by the Zionists towards .Italia11 Fascism? Massimo Massara: Already ~n 1927, the Chief Rabbi of Rome, An<;lelo Saccer.doti made a. statement cla_iming that. many of- tpe fundamental principles of the Fascist doctrine are, in fact, Zionist ideas. Ther "M6ssad" supports the "Red Brigades". Question: Is it true _that many Hazi criminals whose identity has not been discovered and who were. at the. time 'given assistance by the Zionists, are still ·enjoying their freedom in various places .

~round the world? Ts.s.solodar~ The CIA. helps them in hiding.

••• 5 - 5

Question: Would it be correct to say that the Zionist rules of Israel have committed genocide in Lebanon? Yon Tok.mar.!_, physician, (Sweden) : The Israelis used cluster bombs arid phosphorus bombs. Question: Do you think that (Rabbi) Kahane's ' election to the Knesset is a regular kind of phenc;>menon for · the Israeli society? H. B .,Krupkin, .cand. of Jurid.Studies: Openly Fascist groups enjoy tod~y the support of the Zionj,.st leadersh~p. D.A.Dragunsky: ·/Concluding speech/ Zion'is~ propaganda and pro-Zi?n_ist press in the West are trying to present the facts uncovered

by us as an expression of anti-~~mitism. s_oviet Jews fought in the 'Red Army and in the anti-Nazi underground. 130· of them were awarded the title of Hero of Soviet Union. · The fact. of Zionist-Nazi collaboration is a historical fact.

*

The article was accompanied ~Y a _·picture of E .M. Finkel speaking. and holding documents in her ·hand.

S.T. Mt. .~· ~ ·: "~· · ...;'::. ~· .....:'...... :~.. ..· ... :.. · November 1984 -~ . ::: . .... •,·.·.:·. - ~ THE PLIGHT OF SOVIET JEWRY a.JRRENT FACTS . · · I. The Reel Tty

A. The Haltlnf),. Of Jewish Ei;n.lgratlory • . Jn .l9?9., 51,000 Jews were al lowsd to leave the Soviet Union for Israel; In 1980, 21,000; In 1981, . . fewer than 9,500; In 1982, fewer than 2,700; and In 1983, approx!mately · 1,300, Since the beginning of 1984 , .. a mere 750 Jews have ; been at lowed to teave the many thousands ar;~ltrarllv . denled ~ven the posslbl llty of apply Ing for exlt permits (either because thelr Tnvliatlons from Israel have been sent to them by relatlves deemed by the authorities to be Insufficiently close· or because they have been confJscate'd from the malts>; b) those who have succeeded In applylng but have recslved no of.flclal answer from the authorities; or c> those who have succeeded In applying and have been refused, but who prefer to avoid the risk of reprisals by not publlLlzlng the refusal of their app I I catt on. · · There ls reason to belleve that the number of Jews Included

In categories a) I b), and c) above who are technically not "refuseniks" but are arbltrarl ly den le~ the poss I bl 1lty of leaving the USSR reac~es Into the tens of thousands.

B. The Tragic Situation of the''Refussnlks."

1. Those Jews whose applications for exit permits have been refused on various pretexts are treated as outcasts from Soviet $oclety. Separated from their relatives In Israel, they are forced to wait lndeflnltely for permission to leave with nq assurance that they wt 11 ever Jn fact obtain such permission. Over 120 famllles are known to have been waiting for morethan ten years for their exit permits.

2. Dismissed In the majority of cases from their jobs, the'y are either forced 1o remain unemployed Cand hence becom?. subject to crlmlnal prosecutlon as "parasites" ) or to tak~ ~nlal jobs. The refuseniks are subjected to various other forms ·of harassment and victimization

I .. . 2 -2~ .. , fnstltutlons, de famatory attacks in the medfa, mf lltary conscription selectlv.ely app lfed as a punltf·ve response to requests to e.m lgrate, arbitrary arrests, searches, beatlngs by the po llce themselves or offlcJally Instigated hooligans, etc.?, wh lle having no effectlve legal recourse. C. The Suppress Jon of Jewish ·cu lture and Pol Ice Repress Jon of Cultural Activists. It fs becoming even more dlfffcult than In the past for Jews to li ve meanlngfully as Jews In the USSR. Cultural rights granted to ~ I I other. Sov iet natlonalltles are den ied to the Jews. · · ···· · · ' ,.. · ..._ :. ,

1. The study of the Hebrew l angu~ge among Jews Is subjeci to an unpub I I cl zsd though r I gorous I y en forced ban. Scores of private Hebrew teachers have been warned over the past three years by the po I Ice and the KGB to stop teach·! ng Hebrew or l>e severely punished although prlvaie t eaching of all other languages I~ penn ltted. In many cases 1he homes of Hebrew teachers have been raided by the po llce and all material In the Hebrew language confiscated. The draconlc sentence Imposed In October 1983 on Yoslf Begun for hfs courageous struggle to legltlmlze the teaching of Hebrew and to dfssemlnate Jewfsh culture, as well as the current wave of prosecutions directed agafnst the Hebrew teachers Kholm.fansky, Edelshteln, and Levin (see below>, are Intended as a warning to others. 2. No books In the He.brew I anguage are pub I I shed In the USSR. Virtually no books In any language are publ !shed on Jewish history and culture ~nd Importation of such books Into the Soviet Uni.on fs prohibited. 3. Pri vate seminars In Jewish history and culture have In , recent years been for.clb ly repressed by the po lice and ' the KGU .

4. In genera l the Soviet auJhot"ltles are pursuing po licies aimed at t he obl lterat l o~ of ·the. hlstorlcal memory of Soviet Jewry , the destruction of Its ethnic Identity and Its forced asslmllatfon: .· 0. Ant i-Semit ism ..... , ...

1. Ant i-Sem iti sm continues to manifest Itse lf In various forms In Sov Jet society, Includ ing the exclus lon of Jews from certain areas of Soviet ll fe and severe discriminat ion against them In matters of employmAnt, professional advancelTJ3nt arid university admission and studies. ··N·

2. In /\prl I of 1983 an "Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet Pub II c" was set up by the Sovl et author It I es and severa I Jews · allenated from fhe mass of Sov iet Jewry who had played prominent roles In the past Jn defending Soviet pol l~les on Jewish questions were selected-to head It. The r..ommlttee has maintai ned that the process of reunification of

I ... 3 -3-

families ~as ended and that Soviet Jews are no longer Interested In · emigration, a position subsequently reiterated by off I cl al Soviet spokesmen. It has also spearheaded a renewed and lntenslfl~d anti-Semitic campaign In the Soviet media, thinly disguised as anti-Zionist, featuring scurrl lous attacks on Individual Jews, Judaism, the Jewish people, and the State of Israel.

3. A recent series of newspaper articles .Jn various Soviet republ lcs has equated Hebrew tea~hers · and Jewish' cultural activists with spies, crlmlnals, and traitors whl le attacking by name Individual Jewish activists. Other themes regularly accorded proml nence In the Soviet med I a ln~lude the alleged role of ·Jewish capita I In the ml Lltary Industry of the Western world, and of '.'Zion 1st" Influence In the Western inedla (supposedly accounting for Its anti-Soviet tendency), the role allegedly played by "the Zionists" In bringing Hltler to power and Implementing "the Flnal Solution," and the equation of Zionism with Nazism end of the State of Israel with Naz I Germany. E. Discrimination against Judaism. There are today fewer than 60 synagogues "ln the USSR and only five ordained rabbis . . Unlike other religious groups In the USSR, Jews are denied, among other things, the ·opportunity to train clergy, to fon.ri al 1-SovJgt or regional organizations, or to pub 1lsh rat tgl ous but letlns.or per1odlca15'~ · No Hebrew Bib le has been publlshed In the USSR for over half a century and Jew I sh re I I gl ous appurtenances such as prayer shaw Is, mezuzoth ,.._ phylacterles, etc. are virtually unobtafnable. F. Eighteen "Prfsoners of Zion" are serving terms of Imprisonment or ex lie on trumped-ur charges. T~ef r real "crime:?" was their active struggle to secure their right to emigrate to Israel or the rfght of Jews to llve as Jews free frcrn dlscrfmlnatlon fn the USSR.

1. The "Prisoners of Zion" are: Moshe Abramov, Yosff Begun Cwho · ha~ .., ._ already served two terms of Siberian ext le and has now been sentenced to 7 years In prison and 5 years In exile>, Yull Edelshtefn, Boris Kanevsky, Alexander Kholmlansky, Feliks Kochublevsky, Yakov Levin, Yakov Mesh, Mark l~epomnJashchy, Mark Oc~ertlanskv. Anatoly Shcharansky, Lev Shafer, Simon Shnlrman, (who has al ready served a .term of Imprisonment and Is , now serving his second term), Yurf Tarnopolsky, Alexander Yak Ir, St an Is I av Zul>.ko, and Zakhar Zunsha In.

2. A· non-Jew, Yurf Ffodorov, remains fmprlsoned for helpln~ his Jewish friends In the Leningrad alrplane episode of 1970. G• . Twenty former "Prisoners of Zion," having served· their terms of punishment In ful I, are stl II not being al lowed to

I . . . 4 -4-

leave the USSR: Victor Brallovsky,, Boris Chernobl lsky, Lev · .. : : Elbert, Kim Fridman; Grlgory r,elshls, Grlgory Go ldshteln, ~orls Kalendarev, Vladl~~r Klsllk, Eygenll Lein, Oslp Lokshln, Mark ·Nashpltz, Ida Nudel, Alexander Panarlev, Alexander Parltsky, Dmitri Shchlgllk,' Isaak Shkolntk, Vtctor Shtl lbans, Vladlm l r Slepak. Vlad.lmtr Tsukennan, and Alexander Vlllg. 11. The Law The Soviet Union has ratlfled .. nea.riy all 'the major International conventions dealing with human r ights and has associated Itself wi th the principal declarations deal Ing with human rights. In addition the USSR Consiltutlon and legls latlon purportedly conta~n guarantees of bas ic human rights. The factual situation summarized above represents a massive vtolatt on by the Sov iet authorities of the Individual and collective rights of SovJet Jews as set forth both In these lnternatlona l human rights conventions and declarations and In the Soviet Constitution and legls latlon. Limitations of space pel'."lt only very partlal llstlng of the relevant provisions . ..

The prlnclpl~ of fr9edom of emigration has been Incorporated In so many dP.claratlons and conventions that It may properly be re9arded as .a part of cµstomary lnternatlonal law. In addition, the Soviet Union Is a party to the lnternatlonal Covenant on Cl-.il 1 ·and Pol ltlcal Rights, Artie.le 12(2) of which stipulates that "everyone has the right to leave any country, Including his own" as wel I as the International Convention on the El lmlnatlon of· All Forms of Raclal Discrimination which gives expression tb the same prlnclple In Artlcle 5Cd). The Helsinki Flnal Act In Principia VI I of Basket One Incorporates a conmltment by the slgnatorlP.s to act In confonnlty with the · Unl versal 09claratlon of Human Rights and the lnter!latlonal Covenants on Human Rights by wh I ch "f:hey may be bound. The prov I slons on freedom of emigration contalned In these Instruments are reinforced by Basket Three of the Flnal Act which requJres that especlal ly favorable consideration be given to c<\ses of faml ly reunifi cation .. .. :., ...,., The dlsmlssal of applicants for exit visas from their jobs Is · a c lear vlolatlon of Convention Jfo. 111 of the International ·Labor Organ ization (ILO> concerning Discrimination In Respect of Employment and Occupation white their prosacutlon as "parasites" violates Convention No. 29 of the ILO Concerning Forced or Compulsory Labor. · ·' ~' 1'1j So far as the suppression of Jewish culture and Hebrew language Is concerned, the Soviet government Is ob ligated to respect the right of thg Jewish mlnor lty"to enjoy their own cu lture, to profess and practise their own religion, or to use their own ·language" as expressed In Article 27 of the International . Covenant on Clvll and Po l ~tlcal Rights and to enable the Jew ish minority

I ... 5 - 5 -

"· .• to carry on Its own educat lonal activities •.. Including the use or the teaching of their own language". In addition, the d I scrlmlnatory suppress Ion of Hebrew violated the USSR Constitution CArtlcles 34, 36 and 45) and Soviet law (e.g. the Russian Republ le Crlmln~I Code - Article 74) which prohibit any form of discrimination on the basis of natlonallty, as we ll as any preference or · I Imitation regarding the national languages of the peoples of the USSR. . . ' The discriminatory dlsabllltles Imposed on Judaism In the USSR violate · not on ly Artlcle 27 of the International Covenant on Cl vfl and :) Pol ltlcal Rights to conduct a thorough , comp lete and objective analysis of the circumstances of t hG case; and the :Jmposltlon of exeesslve · and disproportionate punishment. :. .. 8 000'1

"JEWISH EMIGRAT1()~ IN STATISTICS"

ANATOLll AFANASEV, "Worl!'Mood In Foreign Fields" ("Polyn' v Chuzhykh Polla~h">

Th Is book nas a preface by the author and 7 chapters; The one cal led ''Scum" dea l s with Jewish emlqratlon. In this chapter there Is, along with trite cl Jches·, new material, · especially statistical. In light of the Importance of the l atter we wlll cite excerpts fr0m the chepter "Scum" In order to gfve a more precise and fuller representation of It than a summary would qlve. But ffrst we w'fll present a short characterization of the book as a whole. In his preface the author writes that " It. Is no accident that

this book Is directed at youth. In the strate~:JY of anti-Communism

the youth are an espe~lally . lmpo.rtant tralnJng_ground f~r Influence." The book Is actua lly written with• an eye to Its Intended readers:

It pretends to be objective an~ sclentlflcally based, which. the author thinks wl fl guarantee Its pe.rsuaslveness. The general .,fm of the book Is to prove that "emlgratlon Is a phenomenon as old as mankind Itself" (p. 4>, a·nd has a soclal and ,c lass basts, and so, Jn accord with this, "the socfal basls for emigration Is absent l.n our country" (p. 226). But, If there Is no basis and emigration nevertheless exists. then ft must be explalned somehow. . . Pre-revolutionary emigration Is explained slmply : It was on account of. the poverty of tsarist Russia. The White emigration caine about because of the Revo lution. However, In the chapters devoted to the White emigration a completely new approach to It Is fonn~lated, expressed here for the first time In the history of the Soviet reqlme. It Is not possible to describe these chapters In detafl In this short review. even more so since they .do not Immediately touch our

I . . . 2 -2-

.•

t opic. So we wll I only describe the essence of t~ ls new app roach. It amounts to a "vindicating" of a s ignificant part of the White emigration on t he basis of the fact that It, In distinction to the "lrreconcl lab le" White eml gres , considered "Russian bo lshevlsm .••· a .useful factor for t he given period In t he history of .the Russ ian national cause." CP . 39.)

These words b~ l ong to t he former head 9f t he agitation and propaganda section In the gove~ment of the White .leader dur~ ng the Russian Civil Wa r, Kolchak.

Ko lchak, Vrange l , D~nlkln, Petllura, and the whole Provlslonal Goverf1ment have always· been tre~ted In Soviet literature li terall y as monsters, and now ~t turns out that .the former Deputy Minister of War In the Provls lonal Govemment, V. A. Yakhohtov,wrote ·In 1938: " Fascism Is obscurantism In Its worst form •.. 11 CP . 75. ) And In general . . onfy ·the. 11 lrreconcflable" White emlgres were bad. Moreover, the book was dedicated to· Yakhontov. It seems that this striking change of approach t o t he White emigration may be explained by the f~ct that the Soviets are now putting their main rellance on 11 t he Russ ian nationa l cause," and just as even bolshevlsm was good for the White emlgres Cto the extent that It served the "Russ ian national · cause"), so the White emlgres have become good for the contemporary bolshevlks, also to the extent that they serve this cause. As fas as post-~evolutlonary emigration Is c0ncern~d, t he CIA ls main ly responsible for It. The CIA sponsored dlsplaced persons Cp. 157 ), eol laborators with the Nazis,· and other traitors, arranging for them to work In the State Department, In the CIA. and at the "Vo ice of America" radio station, 11 Radlo Liberty," and "Radlq Free Europe,." Soviet prisoners of war and persons taken for forced labor to Ge rmany during the ·second World Wa r were special ly detained by the USA and turned Into cadres of anti-Soviet propaganda.

That same CIA spQnsor~ "t~e most furious haters of our Fatherland (Solzhenitsyn, Bukovsky, Ama lrlk, Glnzburg, Ga llch, Levltln-Krasnov, Korzhav ln, Maramzln and others>"

I .. . 3 -3-

Further on the bo9k talks about various bourgeois ·natlonallsts: Ukra inian, Llthu~nlan, Armenian, and so on --the{ arl cc)nstltute a

-source of emigration ~n account ~f thel r. bourgeo·ls-natlonal !st Jdeo~ogy

and they all serve the cause of ~ntJ-Sovletlsm. T~e book also devoted some space to the emlgra!lon of Germans. Finally "_the book mentions .those emigrants who are r:iot. traitors at al I, but honorable people. Moreover, among the· emigrants the·re are many world:..famous figures ot" Russian origin.·

see th_e book.'s "fighting orfentatton," to use t~e language of Sovlet propaganda, again!?+ emlgratlon·· 1n general · and Jewish emigration In part I cul ar.

5 November 1984 S; Tartakovska-la

Excerpts from the

, l ., ••

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Exc~E.P.ts jrq_ll)__j_tie Chapter "Scum"

"Unfortunately a whole series of bourgeois states. Israel and the. USA b~lng among the leadlng ones, launched furious antl·-Sovlet campaigns regarding the questTon of emTgratlon from the USSR and ac~used our country of not fulfl II Ing the provTsl~ns of the Final Act of the Helsinki Conference on freedom of movement.u(P. 226.) "At the end of the 1960s one of the most broadscale operations of TnternatTonal Zionism was begun - the campaign for 'free Jewish emigration from the USSR' . "The now deceased Golda Meir dreamed that 'Soviet Jews wl 1.1 leave thls country Cthe USSR-A.A.) just I.Ike their ancestors made their exodus from Egypt.' and declared the need to st·phon out of the Soviet Union a mllllon Jews. One of the major· 'prophets' of Zionism, David Ben-Gurlon, said Tn 1965 when he met Andrei Sedykh, the editor of' the antf-Sovlet. emlgre newspaper 'Novoa Russkoe Slovo,' which ts publTshed In New York: 'You knoW, I am deeply convi nced that Russia does not need the Jews. Al I the national mlnor.Ttles have autonomy In Russia. All except the Jews. The Jews do not have autonomy because Russia does not need them.' . . 'Russia does not need the Jew~. 1' A wel I-known motff. Rabid antt- Semltes advanced It already In tsarist Russia. 'The Union of the Russlan People,'*stated the program of this notorlous landlord-monarchist party In 1905, 'wl I I strive by all means t6 see to It that Its representatives In the State Duma fln;t of .a l I ralse the question of creating a Jewish state and helplng the Jews to resettle In this state, whatever materlal sacrfflces this resettlement might demand from the Russian people'." CP~ 227-228.) "The Zionist doctrine of loyalty ls surprlslngly slml lar to Goebbels' slogans - 'blood Is stronger than a passport!' - cal llng on ·Germans abroad to consider themselves part of the German people tn . Httlerlte Germany.' 'striving to achieve greater effectiveness, radio Israel modifies Its programs aimed at 'Improving Zionist education,' especially of the youth. For example, since 1978 It has been broadcasting the lnfiarrmatory program 'Let My People~,' and In 1979 the slmllarly-tltled'Zlonlst movement In Russ ta' was lntroduced• According· to the plans of the Zionists, these broadcasts are Intended to 'bulld a bridge between those · *The name of th Is party t.s used as a synonym for rab Id antl-Semltfsm even today.

I ... 5 -5-

who are In the USSR and us.' With the help of such an 'Idea bridge' they. plan to organize a {IO'i of emigration and to push Into our country Ideas of antf-pa_trlotlsm and antl-Sovfetl.sm . 11

"The wet I-known Finnish writer and satlr~st . M. Larin, who visited Israel · as a· tourist, wdtes: In the USSR per thousand persons with

higher education there are ten times more Jew~ than Russians and twelve tfrres more Jews than Ukrafnfans·. The Jews constitute less than . . one per cent of the whole populatlon, . but they are 8% of .scientific workers, 20% In literature and the press, and q% fn medicine. Dur.Ing the 1976-77 school year there were 311 Jewish students per 10,000 Jews." (P. 230 . )

''Only part of the persons · o~ Jewish natlonallty emigrated to Israel, or more preclsely, across the borders of our country. "What Induced tens of thousands of persons of Jewish natlonallty to gfve up Soviet cftlzenshlp? "Reunification _with relatlves? Only part. The writer Tsezar Solodar safd that of 72 · 1 refu~ees' with whom he s~~ke In Vfenna, only 19 emlg~ated to Israel by Invitation of relatfves ~nown to them. 28 pers.ons did n9t know about the existence of their relatives Ir\ Israel before receiving their ln.vltatlons. And for al I the others their Invitations were fabricated from fictitious rela_tlves." CP. 230.:..23.1.>

"According to data of the New York-based 'J~wlsh Weekly,' ln

1967-1976 _ ~· '132,295 persons received visas to emigrate from the USSR, and only 114,892 arrived In Israel. In · 1976 alone' according to that . . . . , ' same source,'14,138 visas to emigrate were lssued In the USSR, but only 7,274 persons arrived In 1·sr.ael.' During the tollowlng years the number c)f former Spvlet cftlzens wanting · to s~ttle . fn Israel decllned even more. '·Only 19% of the Jews who left the USSR .In 1981 came to the Jew I sh state • .the rest preferred other c_oun:tr,f es of the We~t,' MK Geula Cohen ·stated angrlly In the Knesset Cthe israell . . par I lament). · And many of tho~who came to "Israel then quietly p_referred to move to the countrf es of the New and 01 d World." "The reasons tor:- people emigrating should not be sought only · In Zfonlst propaganda, although Jt, qt course, plays· a ·role. Some

~~.nted very mu!=h _to '"Join_' In the We~tern form of life. Others try to make a II vf ng from a II fe Of s I anderl ng our Home r"and, for a II the ·fmportant 'radio voices' - 'Voice of America,' 'BBC,' 'German Wav~, 1

I ... 6 -6-

'Radio Liberty' - have on their staffs many Jewish tum.coats from the Soviet Union. " 'It ls no .secret . that there has existed .for a long time already a close connection between the Zionist organizations and · the special services of the USA and Israel. Through the Zionist centers the special services receive lntelllgence Information from persons of Jewish natlonallty who have emigrated to the West.' " "Many tried to. get rich, some were afraid of bel.ng punished for

speculatlon and theft, ot~ers had a criminal past, some thought that

they would find better appllcatlon for th~lr talants. They are not Innocent victims of Zlonlsm or slmpletons." CP. 231-232.)

"The 'national rennalsance qf ~he Jews In Russia,' so mercl lessly

explolt~d by l~erlallst propaganda, In actual fact has turned out to be merely the 'striving of a small clrcle of bourgeois I fled phi llstlnes to get lnto a soci'al environment corresponding to their consciousness: a sign! fl cant part of the 'reborn Jews;' as the journal 1 sion' which Is

publlshed In Israel a~knowledged . (February 1978>, consl~ted of '~eroes of ' the black market' and other criminals."

"Many chlldren ta~e revenge .on their parents,. 'new citizens of the free world.' As the journal writes, they Integrate Into the new society more quickly, they adapt to the new soclal and llvlng conditions more qulckly, they learn. the new language more quickly ; But to the . . extent that they acq.ulre the cruel laws of caP.ltallsm, the children

'!'Ore and more begin to feel uneasy, and then, It happe~s that ~hey beg I !'l to desp I se thel r 'Incompetent' parents, who on I y through· 'the Ir own fault are not ab·re to accompllsh · the desired "upwards leap".' "The sad result of the Inhuman Intrigues of. Zlonl.sm!" (P . 235-236.) '"life In Israel, lncludlng our own palnful and bitter experience, has shown that· Zionism does not correspond to, and even more, ls deeply hostff.e to the fnter:ests o_f worldng crass Jews, that Zionism

Is the Ideology of t~e b~g Jewish bourgeoisie.' •• ; "Th ls letter from the 'capita! 1st penal servitude,' with 107 signatures, arrived In June 1959 In Moscow addressed to the Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, K. E. Voroshllov. There were not a few such letters that year, as there are In our day."

"It Is a fa.ct that In our day thou~ands of Jews who emigrated from the .. USSR, a short tlme later have declared their desl·re to return to

I . .. 7 -T- ..

the Sovret Union. Meanwhile, they are trying to realize th1s desire with much more energy ~han when t~ey were trying to emigrate from the USSR . " itns =· N.ar~dno-Trudovof ·Soyuz, an anti-Soviet emlgre organization - S.T./ shouted wrth foam on h IS· It ps: "The I srae II s have overcome •••_ They keep com Ing out of , every crack. They don't ·do anythf.ng, b~t they get· money, the scoundrels ••• "' These ·shouts often led to .practical actrons - fistfights." C-P • . 245'.>

"In a reference book on Russ I an emigrant~ _ :· there were more than. · 1,Soo;ooo Russian Jews!" ' /These are fl:gures cited In. 1913.-S.T./

The book quotes detl!JI Is of the "characteristics. of the various ·

national groups· which emtgr~ted from Russia. and arrived In the USA

from 1899 to 1910: . /We cite details on the Jews only-~.T./

Jews ---.. - ·- ----·------'-- The proportion of persons . who work only part-time and of persons of mature age Cun.der 14 and over 44) · tn %. . 30.4 Percentage of women. 43.4 Agrlcultural workers, peasants_, " workers w tthout qua 11 f I c;:atlon~, servants· 25.0 Traders 5 •.3 I I I Iterates over 14 -26. 0 Money found per arrival

CIn dollars> 1.2 . ~

I . .. a -8~ .. '!Judglng by this table, the Jews were real emigrants, taklnq wlth them children and persons of advanced age more than .other natlonalltles, and the percentage of women among them was ·close to half. They received legal sanction for emlgratlng from Russia In 1892, when . . . . Tsar Alexander II I. confirmed the 'Regulatlons of the. Committee of Ministers' regarding the condl.tlons under which the Jewish Colonization Society CEKO) could operate In Russ!a, and these emphas.1 .zed that 'Jews who em! grate In accord w I th these regu I atl ons "are regarded as ha.vln~ left the ?ounds of Russia forever".' ' EKO Cor 'the Baron Hlrsch fund,' as they often called lt.tn those ~ays) trled to select . . emigrants from among the. wealthler of the J_ewlsh populatton of Russia at the end of the XIXth century, but·:these felt nq special attractlon to change thetr place of resldence. "Hundreds of thousands of lmpoverlshed Jews from the 'mestechkl' /I.e., shtet!s - · s.T./ of the notorlous 'Pale of Settlement' streamed In a mass across the ocean... .tin 1900-1910 of · all the Jews who arrlved 1.n the USA, e"!lgrants from Russia con!?tftuted 71.5%.' There, many· of them, wanting to ··adapt more qutckly to the American reallty, began to Imitate the Jews of German orlgln, who by then already

occupied solid position~ In the bourgeois soclety of the USA, - they changed their family names and their· Jewish conver:satlonal language of Eastern Europe CYlddlsh) to b9 German Tri ·style. But the

Jewish bourgeolsle of German orlgln, as contemporary A~rlcan researchers note, 'met !heir Eastern European co-rellglonlsts wlth m! xed. feellngs of contempt and fear. Respectable Jewish buslnessineri feared that the newly· arrived mass of Jews, which was on the whole

allen to them In terms of class, might serlously ~ndermlne their

posltlon tn A.merfcan s.oclety. They. feared . not only competltlon from the more enterprising "Russ~ann-Jews, but also demands for ald of al I kinds from ihls "East European rabble"... Jewish businessmen of ~rman origin thought with fear ·about the fact that the new lmmlgrants might discredit them In the eve.s of their Anglo-Saxon cl{entele and businessmen-col leagues. ' · "The fol towing figures characterize quantltatlvely Jewish emigration from tsarist Russia In different periods: J88l-1885 - 64,~22 persons, 1886-1890, 142,545, 1891-1895 - 224,145, 1896-1899 - 132,119, 1900-1904 - 237,750, 1905-1909, 4.33,682 per.sons. Apart from the USA, ft was directed to England, Franee, Canada, . Palestine, Germany, Egypt, Scutt) Africa, and Argentina." CP. 267-268.)

* * * BOO OS

' ZIONISTS CONTROL THE MEANS OF MASS MEDIA (Book Review)

Yuri Kashiev "IMPERIALIST CONTROL OF INFORMATION" (" Informatsionny Imperialism;') Published by APN, M., 1984, 86 p., Price - 25 copecks :· no number of copies stated.)

The general contents of the book are reflected in its title ' and ·therefore, we quote here only points which are of interest to us. "The ·us mass. media appa~atus sets the tune for all of imperialist propaganda;· Zionism and its agents exert an . ' enormous influence on this apparatus from within. · According to t~e .American (sic) paper 'Jewish Chronicle'·, Zionist .s control the majority of the magazines printed in the USA, of ·th.e radio stations, .information an_d Ameri~an newspapers available abroad, of the magazines and press agencies all

over the world. '..·.As . a rQle:-. wrote the Americ. .an author Alfred · . Lilien~hal, -'almost .all the American newspapers, radio and . . television propagate Zionist :vj.ews ~elcomed by Israel.'. \. "Zionists also take up important positions in the propaganda machines of. many countries. Zionist organizations control the publication Qf 1036 periodicals in _67 countries. · Israeli propaganda is character'ised by .-racistand.. ri\ilitariat: tendencies, complete scorn for. the Arab peoples and a shaJrteless : interf~z:ence in the internal ·affairs of otl)'er countries, ·especially the socialist ones."

15 Nov.· 1984 s. Tartakovskaya B 0906

. . "CLER I CAL ·ASPECTS .OF z I or~ I ST ,AHT 1-SOV I ET I SM'.'.

Notes on the book "Arguments" ("ArgumP.nty") ("Pol I ti zdat" Pub I Jsh Ing House, 1983, 143 pages,_ .200 ,000 cop I es, cost - 25 !

"Arguments" Is the name of a series published. by "Polltlzdat"

Pub I l~hlng House .• The. different books of this series are devoted to ·different themes, ·put they al.I have the same tltle, "Arguments." · The book under cons I de rat I on . .ts, ~ccordlng to. Its preface, devoted

to those ant l-~ommunlsts who op.erate under the flag of rel l.glon . · · The book has t 2 chapters, of wh I ch 2 a.re devoted ent I re I y t o Zionism and Israel, and 4 of the remaining to also ·dtscuss Zionism. Thus, In ·sum , more th~n a fo.urthof the book ts devoted to Zionism. . . The two specl a I chapters were written by "staff" authors who al~ays deal with the. therres "Zionism, J1,1dafsm~ ·Israel." . ' One_ of them Is M. Go I denberg, who specf a II zes t n anti-Semitism In the font1 "Zion ism, Judaism," and whose chapter ts called "Clerlcal Aspects 6f Zionist Antl-Sovletfsm."

The other one I~ S. Medvedko, who specfaltzes 1.n 'anti-Semitism Jn the form "Zionism,. lsrael,il and whose chapter ls called "The Tragedy of the Ho ly City ." Goldenber:g's chapter has ·nothing new In ft. "Un prfnclpled

Zionist polltlclans , attributing to t he Judaic religion a~ especlally utl lttarlan significance~ have put It at .the service of. Zionist ' Ideals.' Judaic dogmas are zealously fixed up· In ·such a way that they s.erve ·th·e reactionary needs of po lltlcal Zionism w.lth maximum effectiveness.". "The effort to portray Soviet Jews as some klnd o.f special 'nattona.1-po l ltl~al ent_lty' Is extre~ly vicious, f or on the soc!o-poltttcal p lane they are an · lnallenable part .of a new ~I storI ca I ·common atl ty of persons - the Sov I et peop I e. " " ••• The question of the J.ews ' lac.k of equa~ r~· ghts and discrimination against them was settled long ago· and put In the archives parttcularly ln·.the USSR • •• " " ••• The ~oncept of a 'J~wlsh rel .lglon' Is sclentlfl~al l y unsound ••• " "There Is no' base Z I oi:i t st po 11 t I c:;a I des I gn to wh I ch the c lerfcal lackeys of Zionism (no+· on l y Judaic ones, but often also Christians) would not .ob llglngly give Bl·bllca l 'groundlngJ." "Ideological

I .. . 2 • -2- •

subverston by tnternatlonal Zlontsm ••• , and so on, and so on. The Sovt.et pre~s J s fu 11 of ~uch express Ions. Even t he antl-Sovletlsts t n Go ldenberg's wrlttngs ar e the same:

Zvl Gitelman of the Unlv~r51ty of Michigan, He l en d'Ankoss of .Frarice, and W; Korey, "one of the bosses of the biggest pro-Zionist

organl z~tlon 'B'nal B'rfth' . " As far as the chapter "The Tragedy ·Of the Holy Ci ty" by

S. Medv.edko Is concern~d •. ft has already made a circuit of th~ Soviet press, and Its contents can be learned from Its sub-headings:

"In the Grips of 'Judalzatlon' ," "Genocfd~ Zfonlst-Style," "From Occupation to Annexation_, " "The World Protests," .. "A Problem Which Demands. a So lution." Ani:l thfs solution consists. of the "withdrawal of lsrae 11 troops from al I Arab territories occupied In }967 and In the recognition tiy the UN and. the. creation of ·a Palestlnlan state on the. West· Bank of .the Jo rdan River, Including the eastern part of · Jerl!saler'n and the Gaza Strip." As we see, the Issue of "Arguments" under· dlscuss lc;m has nothl_ng new In I+,. by the. way, In distinction to cer.+ain other books published In 1984.

14 November 1984 · S. T~rtakovskala

·' .n1~y1nn n7 i3 ni~n, 1Y1l~ n,n~1yn n~,y1n n~DlK~J'~~ ~x11~n

. WORLD CONFERENCE ON SOVIET JEWRY THE JNTERNATION.,.L COU/':IC!L

December 10 , 19 84

To: fvlembers of the Presidium · . . ! .,

·.-='·. ~lease find enclosed:

1. Summary of the Protocols, .Meeting of the International Councl I of the World Conference on Soviet Jewry, London, 19-21 September 1984. 2. The Pl ight of Sovtet Jewry, Current Facts, Noverrber 1984. 3. Survey of Events, August 1984. 4. Some Unprecedented· Events Reported In the Soviet Press. 5. The Anti -Zionist.Campaign In the USSR Accordlng to the Soviet Press and Radio , September 1984. 6. Judaism In the USSR According t'9 the Soviet Press and Radio, September 1984. · · - 7 ~· SI tu at 1~n of the Jews In the USSR Accord Ing to the Sov I et Press and Radio, October 1984. 8. Judaism In the USSR According to the Soviet Press and Radio . . (Including Materia l on Other Rellglons In-the USSR), October 1984. 9. Israel In the Soviet Press and Radio, September 1984. 10. Israel In the.. ~ Sovlet? P.r.~ss :. and · Radlo, bctober, 1984. . .,,, ....: \ ... . 11. The Genera l Situation In the Soviet Union According to the Soviet Press and Radio, September 1984. 12. Genera l Situation In the USSR According to the Soviet Press and Radio, October 1984. · 13. Translatlon from "Llteraturnala Gazeta," No. 49, 17 Ocj. 1984, "Zionism and .Nazism - a Sinister Handshake."

14. "J~wlsh Emigration In Statrstlcs" - Book Review of "Wormwood In Foreign Flelds" by Anatolll Afanasev.

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15. "Zionists Control the Means of Mass Media" - Book Review of "lmperlallst Control of Information" by Yuri Kashlev. 16. "Clerlcal Aspec;:ts of Zionist Antl-Sovletlsm" - Book Revlew of a book entitled "Arguments."

The Secretarlate

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