Annual Report 2013 Contents

Equal Education

annual Report 2013 contEntS

01 Letter from the Chairperson

02 Introducing EE

03 Structure of EE

04 Who is EE?

06 Making Every School a School

19 Other Campaigns and Court Cases EQUAL EDUCATION Registered S18A(1) Public Beneﬁt Organisation (PBO) Community & Parents (Exemption Number 930 027 221) 23 Registered Non-Proﬁt Organisation (NPO) (Registration Number 068-288-NPO)

24 Youth HEAD OFFICE POSTAL: PO Box 40114, Elonwabeni, 7791 PHYSICAL: Washington Square, Capital Drive, Thembokwezi, Khayelitsha 26 EE in Gauteng TELEPHONE: 021 387 0022 E-MAIL: [email protected]

27 National Organising GAUTENG OFFICE POSTAL & PHYSICAL: Ofﬁce 706A, Royal Place, Cnr Kerk & Eloff Streets, Johannesburg, 2001 TELEPHONE: 011 026 6225 28 Policy, Communications & Research (PCR) E-MAIL: [email protected]

EQUAL EDUCATION LAW CENTRE (SISTER ORG) 29 Fundraising OFFICE: 1st Floor, 6 Spin Street, Cape Town TELEPHONE: 021 461 1421 E-MAIL: [email protected]

29 Finance & Administration THE BOOKERY (SISTER ORG) PHYSICAL: Ground Floor, Plein Park, 79 Plein Street, Cape Town, 8001 TELEPHONE: 021 461 4189 31 The National Council E-MAIL: [email protected]

TEXT BY 32 EE Staff Rich Conyngham DESIGN BY Make Content I make-content.com PRINTED BY 36 The Bookery & Librarians Trident, Cape Town

COVER Farewell, Madiba EE organiser Asanda Payi points the way forward as 37 equalisers march for norms and standards for school infrastructure in Cape Town on 17 June 2013. lEttER FRoM tHE cHaiRPERSon

2013 was a tough but rewarding year for EE. It 2013 brought a number of other memorable frsts. It began, on 9 of January, with the publication of was the frst full year in which EE was governed by its extremely weak draft norms and standards for school democratically elected National Council; the frst full infrastructure. This set the scene for the months to year with a permanent team in our Gauteng offce follow, which brought more delays, the need to return running youth groups and campaigns; and the frst to court, another weak draft, and plenty of frustration. year in which full-time national organising ensured But it ended on a wonderful high. that EE’s work in Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape was regular and growing. On 2 December we sent a celebratory email to our supporters, in which we were able to say the EE is now into its seventh year. Young people who following: attended their frst youth group meetings in 2008 or 2009 are beginning to take up important positions “On Friday something truly positive and historic within EE. This is a very signifcant development as happened in South Africa. The Minister of EE looks to the future. A combination of continuity Basic Education, Angie Motshekga, published and fresh leadership will be needed to steer the legally binding Norms and Standards for School movement forward. Infrastructure. For the frst time ever it is now the law that every school must have water, electricity, Vital in the coming years will be working to support internet, working toilets, safe classrooms with a the government, and to pressure it when necessary, maximum of 40 learners, security, and thereafter to ensure that the norms and standards for school libraries, laboratories and sports facilities. infrastructure are fully implemented, and that adequate school facilities become a reality for millions On Friday most eyes were turned to one of the of children without them. Much of EE’s current work is worst aspects of democratic South Africa, the focused on that goal. corrupt expenditure of millions on President Zuma’s private home at Nkandla. But Motshekga’s But the milestone of securing these regulations also announcement shows democratic South Africa at opens new potential roads for EE, roads to new its best – because it reminds us that citizens bring campaigns that address other vital issues that result in change, that non-violent struggle works, that the unequal and poor quality education. New campaigns Constitution can be a tool for equality and social must address challenges like textbook distribution, and justice, and that our government can, eventually, the need to strengthen the knowledge, professionalism, listen and do the right thing.” remuneration and working conditions of our teachers. The future is therefore exciting and new. Most of the time we can’t speak with such optimism – our society and schools remain segregated Thank you to everyone in EE who I am privileged and unequal – but the victory in securing legally to work alongside – the equalisers, facilitators, binding minimum norms and standards for school community leaders, parent organisers, librarians, infrastructure gave us a brief chance to do so. Bookery volunteers, EELC lawyers, the National Council, and our hard-working staff. Many individuals and organisations supported us, not least the LRC, who represented EE, and the EE Law Viva, Equal Education, Viva! Centre. But the adoption of Norms and Standards was, above all, an achievement of the thousands of school-going members of EE, the equalisers. It is they who marched, fasted, held vigils, slept outside parliament and marched again, and again, and again. They spoke at rallies, wrote letters to editors, wrote to the Minister, and made the case on the web, radio Yoliswa Dwane and TV. It is their voices – their collective voice – that Chairperson created the moral consensus to fx our schools. In this annual report we recollect some of that story.

PAGE 1 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 intRoducing EE

Vision What is Equal Education?

Quality and equal education for every person in South Africa. Led by young activists, EE is a community- and membership-based organisation. Since February 2008, it has been striving for quality and equality in the South African education system through campaigns based Mission on detailed research and policy analysis.

Equal Education is a movement of learners, parents, teachers and EE works together with communities, schools, teachers, principals, community members working for quality and equality in South African learners, parents, researchers and the government in the belief that the education, through analysis and activism. rights to equality and education enshrined in the Constitution will enable the poor and working classes to realise an equal opportunity in life.

Background By building an understanding of the education system, EE draws attention to the problems faced by schools and their communities. Equipped After two decades of democracy in South Africa the education received with this knowledge, it offers a new way for people to participate in the by young people remains highly unequal. Despite attempts to overhaul democratic system and bring change to education and society. the system, class- and race-linked inequalities are still very much a part of everyday life. Education was the foundation upon which inequality EE’s core members are the ‘equalisers’ – high school students in grades was built and entrenched during the years of apartheid, and yet today 8 to 12 who, along with parents, teachers, activists and community unequal educational opportunities remain among the greatest obstacles to members, lead campaigns to improve schools in their communities, equality, dignity and freedom in South Africa. equalise the education system, and set an example to their peers through dedication to their own education.

PAGE 2 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 StRuctuRE oF EE MEMBERSHIP OF EE EE’s membership of thousands of mostly equalisers (high school students) as well as parents, teachers, university students and community activists, send delegates to a National Congress once every three years.

NATIONAL CONGRESS National Congress elects the movement’s National Council.

NATIONAL COUNCIL

GOVERNANCE The National Council includes equalisers, parents, post-school youth, provincial representatives and experienced members. It meets in person three or four times a year.

SECRETARIAT Sister Organisations The Secretariat, drawn from the National Council, is able to meet more often. The National Council and the Secretariat are chaired by EE’s chairperson Yoliswa Dwane. Equal Education Law Centre (EELC)

GENERAL SECRETARY The Bookery

The General Secretary, Brad Brockman, is the day-to-day head of the organisation.

HEAD OFFICE GAUTENG E CAPE STAFF KHAYELITSHA (September 2014)

POLICY, COMMUNITY NATIONAL FINANCE & COMMUNICATION YOUTH CAMPAIGNS ADMIN & RESEARCH & PARENTS ORGANISING FUNDRAISING

PAGE 3 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Community Leaders are recent matriculants participating in EE’s one-year leadership development programme. WHo iS EE? They play a key role in organising the youth groups.

EE’s active community department trains parents to serve on school governing bodies and involves them in EE’s campaigns.

Equalisers are the thousands of high-school members of EE who are the core of the organisation and hold the majority of the votes at National Congress.

The Equal Education Law Centre is EE’s key strategic partner. Its lawyers conduct research and litigation on education-related issues.

Members of the public lend a hand to the Bookery staff, either by donating suitable books or by covering and cataloguing the collections in the build-up to each library opening.

PAGE 4 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 EE’s small team of administrators look after the organisation’s fnances and logistics.

Organisers are EE staff and volunteers, often former equalisers, who build and mobilise EE’s campaigns.

Facilitators conduct the weekly youth group meetings attended by the equalisers.

EE has active branches on university campuses.

Researchers produce analysis, Librarians employed by the Bookery work magazines, fact sheets and pamphlets in the school libraries it has opened. Many which inform the rest of EE’s work. have come through the ranks of EE. Illustration by Heather Gourlay-Conyngham

PAGE 5 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure Making EvERy ScHool a ScHool In November 2013, Equal Education achieved an important breakthrough for education in South Africa. It was the culmination of an intensive collective efort spanning three years. The next 13 pages recount the story of EE’s successful Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure.

Background

Today thousands of South African learners continue to attend schools where inadequate infrastructure makes it impossible for teaching and learning to be effective. The majority of schools still lack the resources that are taken for granted in wealthy suburbs. In May 2011, the Department of Basic Education (DBE)’s National Education 15.2% of schools Infrastructure Management System Report showed that of the 24,793 public schools in South Africa: had a science laboratory. Just 5% were stocked.

92.5% (22,938 schools) did not have a stocked 84.8% 76,8% library, while 78.8% (19,541 schools) did (21,021 schools) had no (19,037 schools) had not even have a space for a library. science laboratory. no computer centre.

In addition, there were over 495 mud schools in the These measures of accountability, however, would country. This unjust state of affairs, a direct legacy of remain meaningless until the Minister frst fnalised apartheid, is one of the greatest challenges facing comprehensive, clear and binding norms and our generation. standards in terms of Section 5A. 14.2% In 2007, as part of a conscious effort to ensure that (3,544 schools) had no electricity. all South Africans were learning in safe and functional “Section 5A paved environments, Parliament amended the South African Schools Act to introduce Section 5A, which provides for the Minister to make regulations prescribing the way to a minimum uniform norms and standards for school blueprint of what, infrastructure. This paved the way to a blueprint of 10.9% what, in physical terms, would make a school a school – from its running water to its electricity, toilets, sport in physical terms, (2,703 schools) had no fencing. felds, classrooms and library. would make a school Parliament simultaneously inserted Section 58C into the Schools Act, which reinforced Section 5A in two a school – from important ways. It imposed mechanisms to ensure that the provinces would comply with the norms by a) its running water 9.7% requiring MECs to report annually to the Minister on (2,401 schools) had no water provincial progress; and b) requiring HODs to develop to its electricity, supply. a compliance plan for each province. toilets, sport fields, MEC stands for Member of the Executive Council. He or she is the equivalent of a cabinet minister at provincial classrooms and level. The MEC is appointed by the Premier to oversee a particular portfolio – in this case, education. library.” 3.7%

HOD is the top civil servant in a provincial department. He (913 schools) had no toilets. or she is the provincial equivalent of a Director General. The HOD for Education is therefore the professional head of education in a province, and reports to the MEC.

PAGE 6 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

Inadequate infrastructure in urban and rural South African schools, documented by Equal Education in 2011.

PAGE 7 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

EE’s national campaign begins

In its frst two years, during which time EE’s youth In October 2008, the former Minister of Education To secure these commitments, on Human Rights Day organising grew rapidly, its campaigns focused on Naledi Pandor published draft norms and standards in March 2011, 20,000 EE members and supporters broken windows, late-coming and school libraries. for school infrastructure. This 91-page document marched to Parliament. In a memorandum handed By late 2010, EE began to focus on a national described, in detail, what infrastructure every public over to the government, it was demanded that struggle for minimum norms and standards for school school should have. Although only a draft it was the Minister and the DBE keep their promise by infrastructure, realising that, to achieve a wholesale specifc and clear, with explicit timelines for meeting adopting minimum norms and standards for school nationwide improvement in school infrastructure goals and a framework to ensure accountability and infrastructure before 1 April. This date then passed – a challenge confronted in many of EE’s earlier effective monitoring. without the promulgation of the norms and standards. campaigns – a strategic lever would be needed. Learners responded by sending hundreds of letters Throughout 2009 and into 2010, Naledi Pandor’s expressing their frustrations to the Minister. This lever came in the form of minimum norms successor, Minister Angelina ‘Angie’ Motshekga, and standards for school infrastructure: the then promised to adopt and implement norms and Against this backdrop of broken promises, EE’s prospect of a law, to be created by the Minister as standards on fve separate occasions, either in an Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards kicked a set of regulations, to address the infrastructure address to Parliament or in writing to EE. On 11 June into high gear. Over the months that followed, it requirements of every school in South Africa. As 2010, the National Policy for an Equitable Provision gained momentum with marches, pickets, letters, noted above, the idea of norms and standards for of an Enabling School Physical Teaching and Learning vigils, camp-outs and door-to-door mobilising. The school infrastructure did not begin with EE; it was Environment (NPEP) was published. It strategically Department, however, remained lukewarm and called for by Parliament itself in 2007, but this call identifed the development of norms and standards as dismissive. On 25 June 2011, at the EE’s People’s had not been answered. a “frst-priority” to be “developed and fully adopted by Summit for Quality Education in Khayelitsha, the the end of the 2010/11 fnancial year” (i.e. by the end of Minister made the false claim that the MECs had the March 2011). power to block the norms, but added that she still Regulations are a form of legislation known as delegated legislation. Unlike regular legislation, which is enacted by intended to release them shortly. Parliament, regulations are prescribed by an individual to A month later, these intentions were reinforced by whom Parliament delegates speciﬁc law-making power. the Director General, Mr Bobby Soobrayan, when In this case Parliament wrote the need for norms and he wrote to EE to confrm that “the Minister must standards into the South African Schools Act and outlined develop national minimum norms and standards ... by the basic contents they should entail, but delegated to the the end of the 2010/2011 fnancial year”, and Minister of Basic Education the power to fully express that the norms and standards “are currently with them in written form, and sign them into law. Once the DBE Legal Services and will be promulgated as regulations are signed and published in the Government regulations thereafter”. Gazette, they carry the force of law.

“By late 2010, EE began to focus on a national struggle for minimum norms and standards for school infrastructure, realising that, to achieve a wholesale nationwide improvement in school infrastructure – a challenge confronted in many of EE’s earlier campaigns – a strategic lever would be needed. This lever came in the form of minimum norms and standards for school infrastructure: the prospect of a law, to be created by the Minister as a set of regulations ...”

21 March 2011: Over 20,000 equalisers march to Parliament for norms and standards for school infrastructure.

PAGE 8 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

Opting for litigation

In August of the same year, EE reluctantly sent Education and the Minister of Finance to prescribe infrastructure, admitting that it was a court case that Minister Motshekga a letter of demand containing the national minimum uniform norms and standards for “could not be morally defended”. EE Chairperson threat of imminent litigation. The Minister responded, school infrastructure. Preparations thus began for Yoliswa Dwane, Deputy Chairperson Ntuthuzo frst by saying that she was under no obligation to the most far-reaching court case about the right to Ndzomo, General Secretary Brad Brockman and pass the norms, then confrming that she had no education ever to be launched in South Africa. The Deputy General Secretary Doron Isaacs, accompanied intention of promulgating regulations for norms, but date of the hearing was set down for 20 November by Cameron McConnachie of the LRC, and Geoff instead planned to produce “guidelines”. 2012, and EE set about organising a camp in Bhisho Budlender SC, met with Minister Motshekga and involving 300 activists for the duration of the case. Deputy Minister Enver Surty in Pretoria, and reached On 29 February 2012, on behalf of EE and the an agreement. The norms were set to be published infrastructure committees of two schools in the Four days before the case was due to be heard, EE, for public comment by 15 January 2013, before being Eastern Cape (Mwezeni Senior Primary School and represented by the LRC, secured a crucial victory. fnalised by 15 May 2013. After years of exhaustive, Mkanzini Junior Primary School), the Legal Resources In an out-of-court settlement, Minister Motshekga determined campaigning by EE members across the Centre (LRC) fled an application in the Bhisho agreed to promulgate regulations to create country, 2012 ended on a high. High Court against the Minister, all nine MECs for binding minimum norms and standards for school

“Four days before the case was due to be heard, EE, represented by the LRC, secured a crucial victory. In an out-of-court settlement, Minister Motshekga agreed to promulgate regulations to create binding minimum norms and standards for school infrastructure, admitting that it was a court case that ‘could not be morally defended’.”

Minister Motshekga’s ﬁrst draft norms and standards

On 9 January 2013, a week before the promised 1. Adequate sanitation facilities; These provisions failed to adequately address deadline, Minister Motshekga published the draft overcrowding, unsafe structures, and fencing and security. norms and standards. To EE’s great disappointment, 2. Basic water supply; There was no clarity as to what “basic”, “adequate” or however, they were weak and retrogressive when “reasonably practicable” meant. The proposed number 3. Some form of energy (but not necessarily compared with former Minister Pandor’s 2008 draft. of toilets was not specifed, nor was it clear whether a electricity); The draft offered vague defnitions and avoided battery would suffce as “some form of energy”. There timeframes and mechanisms for accountability. It 4. Some form of connectivity where was, moreover, no guarantee of additional, essential stated that every school should have an enabling reasonably practicable; and provisions such as a computer centre, a functioning teaching and learning environment comprised of laboratory, a library, and clean and accessible water, educational spaces, education support spaces and 5. A sports feld that is accessible to people let alone a clear timeframe for implementation and an administration spaces with: with disabilities. established framework of accountability.

The delivery backlog

In his State of the Nation Address on 14 February the 495 schools by 2014. An initial 49 mud schools in result of the DBE’s under-expenditure of the Backlogs 2013, President Jacob Zuma pledged: “With regard the Eastern Cape were earmarked to be rebuilt during Grant, R7.2 billion would be reallocated to other to social infrastructure, a total of 98 new schools the 2011/2012 fnancial year, but by the end of that departments for the purposes of establishing two new will have been built by the end of March 2013, of year the Department had not completed one of them. universities, a community library programme and an which more than 40 are in the Eastern Cape that are For the following fnancial year (2012/2013), without Education Infrastructure Grant. replacing mud schools.” having completed its previous goal of 49 schools, the DBE identifed another 51 schools for replacement. Despite these disappointments, however, there was But, in actual fact, as EE pointed out publicly, at the one consolation: the fact that Minister Motshekga had time of President Zuma’s speech, only two schools had To this day it would be untrue to claim that President published her January draft meant that the struggle been offcially handed over, while 10 were “practically Zuma’s government has replaced 40 Eastern Cape was no longer over whether norms and standards were complete”. mud schools with new schools. necessary, but over the quality of the norms themselves. Members of the public were given until 31 March 2013 Back in 2011, in an effort to implement the mud- On the eve of Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan’s 2013 to comment on the draft, and EE embraced this as schools settlement reached between the LRC and the budget speech, EE held a picket outside Parliament an opportunity to provide the department with the government, the DBE had identifed 495 mud schools to draw attention to the DBE’s under-expenditure. In comprehensive response it deserved. to be replaced with appropriate structures. The October 2012, during the Treasury’s Mid-Term Budget Department had received a Backlogs Grant to rebuild Policy Statement, it had been announced that, as a

“Despite these disappointments, however, there was one consolation: the fact that Minister Motshekga had published her January draft meant that the struggle was no longer over whether norms and standards were necessary, but over the quality of the norms themselves.”

PAGE 9 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure tHE nation HaS itS Say EE holds public hearings in ﬁve provinces

In March 2013, EE embarked on a country-wide tour. Across all fve provinces the hearings were very well A huge amount of work by the Equal Education Law Public hearings were held in KwaZulu-Natal, the attended, allowing EE members to record over 500 Centre (EELC) made this possible. Numerous other Eastern Cape, Limpopo, Gauteng and the Western testimonies. These described the appalling conditions organisations made valuable submissions. One of Cape, providing a platform for learners, parents, learners were confronted with, from dilapidated these was a submission by the Desmond Tutu HIV teachers and community members to have their say classrooms, leaking roofs and broken windows to Centre on the role of adequate school infrastructure about the state of infrastructure in their schools, and inadequate or non-existent sanitation, lighting, in protecting learners from tuberculosis and whether they thought the draft norms and standards ventilation, libraries, laboratories and computer facilities. respiratory diseases. were adequate. All of these events were arranged by EE (with the Limpopo event co-hosted with Once the 532 testimonies had been collected Section27). The DBE, on the other hand, did not by EE, they were included in an annexure to EE’s convene a single forum to discuss the draft with the comprehensive comment on the January draft. EE’s learners and teachers upon whom the fnalised norms fnalised comment was a formidable document and would have the greatest impact. was submitted to the DBE on 31 March 2013.

March 2013: (TOP) Equalisers and parents participate in the public hearings. (BOTTOM) Nokubonga Yawa, Justice Zak Yacoob and Yoliswa Dwane chair the Western Cape public hearing at the Good Hope Centre.

PAGE 10 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

Limpopo Details: 10 March 2013, Nirvana Hall, Polokwane (co-hosted with Section 27)

Chaired by: Professor Graeme Bloch (education analyst) and Solly Milambo (Section 27)

schools use pit latrines and 36 schools 2,857 have no ablution facilities whatsoever Gauteng

Details: 14 March 2013, Central Methodist Church, Johannesburg

Chaired by: Pregs Govender (Human Rights Commissioner) KwaZulu-Natal schools (86%) do not have Details: 3 March 2013, V.A. Makhoba functioning science laboratories 1,744 Community Hall in Nquthu Chaired by: Mpho Motloung (EE National Council member) “I want the Minister schools have no electricity supply to know that Basic and 410 have an unreliable 1,580 electricity supply; Education is the most important in the “[T]he draft lives of all children doesn’t specify no matter the colour, race, religion, able or the maximum disable and education number of pupils is not a luxury in our per classroom. country but a right to At my school we all children to have this have a minimum basic education.” of 50 learners - Anneline Adams, Parent, Gauteng per classroom, making it difficult to concentrate. I Eastern Cape think we need more Western Cape Details: 10 March 2013, Steve Biko Centre, classrooms so that Details: 20 March, Drommedaris Hall, Good Hope King Williams Town Centre, Cape Town Chaired by: Professor Peliwe Lolwana we can study freely Chaired by: Justice Zak Yacoob (retired Constitutional (EE National Council member) and increase the Court judge) pass rate.” schools are made out of mud schools don’t have 395 1,082 functioning libraries. - Nonkonzo Malakoana, Ekucabangeni Senior Secondary, KZN “What is a school without toilets, desks, chairs, libraries etc? It is not fair for some schools to have all the facilities and the others not.”

- Sisipho Sixabayi, Livingstone High School, Western Cape

PAGE 11 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure ouR FoRgottEn ScHoolS The Eastern Cape Solidarity Visit

On 22 April 2013, at a press conference held at his Archbishop Archbishop of Cape Town and In addition, the delegation was accompanied by Brad residence, Archbishop Thabo Makgoba announced Thabo Head of the Anglican Church of Brockman (General Secretary of EE), a support staff a plan to promote further awareness of the crisis of Makgoba Southern Africa from EE, education scholars Nic Spaull (University infrastructure in South African schools. EE invited a of Stellenbosch) and Kim Porteus (Nelson Mandela delegation of eight eminent South Africans to join Elinor Sisulu Writer, human rights activist and Institute), Dmitri Holtzman (Director of the Equal him on a solidarity visit to some of the Eastern Cape’s political analyst Education Law Centre) and education lawyer Cameron most ill-equipped schools. Janet Love Commissioner of the SA Human McConnachie (Legal Resources Centre), who had Rights Commission & Director of assisted in identifying schools to visit. “We’ve got a strong team that will accompany EE as we the LRC highlight the problem of inadequate infrastructure. We At fve of the six schools they visited across the Eastern will ask Minister Motshekga to put a tangible solution Sindiwe Writer and women’s activist Cape regions of Mthatha, Libode Mega District, Coffee on the table to solve the problem.” Magona Bay and Mqanduli, the delegates were appalled by Professor Writer and academic the low level of infrastructure. “50 years ago,” Zakes The three-day visit took place from 24 - 26 April, Njabulo Mda recalled with anger, “I had better schooling than during the build-up to the deadline for the publication Ndebele this, here in the Eastern Cape.” Over and over, they of the DBE’s Minimum Norms and Standards for saw toilets that degraded dignity and classrooms Lindiwe Commissioner of the South African School Infrastructure, which, according to the that not only made it impossible to teach and learn Mokate Human Rights Commission settlement agreement reached in late 2012, was set effectively, but that were in some cases endangering for 15 May 2013. The delegates included: Zakes Mda Novelist, poet and playwright the lives of the teachers and learners who used them. Graeme Researcher and education analyst “I am disappointed that our children can learn in Bloch these conditions 20 years into the country’s freedom,” Archbishop Makgoba refected. “This is unacceptable. Professor Constitutional law scholar They are being taught in pigsties.” Pierre de Vos

25 April 2013: Archbishop Thabo Makgoba assists a learner at Putuma Junior Secondary School on the outskirts of Mthatha during the ﬁrst day of the solidarity visit.

PAGE 12 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

26 April 2013: The delegation visits Nomandla Senior Primary School in Mabheleni, between Mthatha and Port St Johns. The impressive new school, part of the government’s response to sustained pressure, proved to the delegation that high quality school infrastructure could be achieved in the remotest of areas. Day 1:

The frst day began with a two-hour drive on a “I walked into this class and found a lot of attentive Primary is now a beacon of hope for the impoverished neglected stretch of road to Putuma Junior Secondary. young people who seemed engaged with their studies. village of Mabheleni, where 80% of the community The school had 1175 learners from grades R to 9, They viewed us with a great deal of interest. In other earn less than R800 per month. The delegates left the 24 teachers and just 14 toilets. 140 grade 2 learners words, I got the sense that the school children loved school with a reassuring reminder that, even in South shared a single classroom where the majority had being there to learn. But I also couldn’t miss the fact Africa’s poorest rural areas, it is possible for high- neither seats nor desks. A grade 5 pupil, Zonke that there was a great deal of overcrowding. In other quality school infrastructure to be delivered. Ngcoza, told the delegation that her school was words, the spaces between the desks – you can’t even go unsuitable for learning: “I am not proud to be a through. Contact between the teacher and the student, Seeing the severity of South Africa’s school learner of this school. We sit on bricks and sometimes particularly those that are right in the back of the class, infrastructure crisis frst-hand was a seminal even fght over these bricks because it’s the only thing is almost impossible. The sense of overcrowding is experience for the delegates. By sharing their we can use to sit on.” And yet the delegation was palpable.” experiences and impressions through talks, articles both astonished and inspired to learn that, in 2012, and different forms of social media, they captured the against these odds, Putuma won the prestigious South A short distance from Ntapane, the delegation visited attention of both the South African and international African Schools Choral Eisteddfod. Nyangilizwe Senior Secondary, an Mthatha school with press. At the Book Lounge in Cape Town, Zakes Mda, 23 teachers, 735 learners and only eight dilapidated, Sindiwe Magona and Professor Njabulo Ndebele Sea View Senior Secondary, another school near to flthy pit toilets. At the sight of these, Sindiwe Magona participated in a well-attended Evening of Refection Putuma, had no piped water or electricity, and only was reduced to tears: “I have seen many terrible immediately after the visit. Then, building on the minimal teaching resources. “You fnd at times that toilets in my life but none like this. Have you seen extensive coverage in the South African press, the there are only three textbooks in the whole of grade them? Well, I did, and I cried. Yes, I cried. This is not UK’s Guardian newspaper published a powerful 12,” said Lindeka Sombeselele, one of seven volunteers right. You cannot compare that to anything.” Some photo essay by Sydelle Willow Smith which was later among the school’s eight teachers. In 2012, Sea View’s of the school’s female learners even complained of reproduced in the form of an exhibition at Archbishop matric pass rate was 13%. The delegates then heard rashes on their thighs which they believed had been Makgoba’s residence in Bishopscourt, Cape Town. that for weeks the grade 11 class had had no teacher caused by the toilets. because she was unable to sustain unpaid work. In only a matter of days, the visit had made a massive At Samson Senior Primary, in the Libode Education impact. Some of the schools reported that they had Day 2: District, 235 learners had been divided between been visited by building contractors and, in late April, two dilapidated mud huts and a mud church on the Presidency issued the following statement: a neighbouring hilltop after the collapse of two The second day began at Ntapane Senior Secondary. additional structures. Teachers explained that in “The Presidency has noted weekend reports of untenable Although catering for 835 children, the school had winter the rooms were bitterly cold and in summer conditions in some schools. The ... Sunday Times only one functional tap and no kitchen, library, unbearably hot, with the closest source of running reported on two schools, Nyangelizwe Senior Secondary laboratory or sports feld. In each cramped classroom water situated fve kilometres away. and Ntapane Junior Secondary schools in Mthatha there were at least 100 learners, usually seated four in the Eastern Cape. The President has directed the to a desk; and in grade 9 there were as many as 135 The fnal school, however, came as a shining example Department of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation learners. Despite these severe diffculties, however, of the physical conditions every learner in South Africa in the Presidency to look into the matter and advise him the dedication of the learners, teachers and parents should be entitled to. Newly rebuilt by the Eastern on what is being done to change the situation . . .” was more than evident. Later the same day, Professor Cape Department of Education, Nomandla Senior Njabulo Ndebele recalled his impressions:

PAGE 13 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

"I have seen many terrIble toIlets In my lIfe but none lIke thIs..." – Sindiwe Magona

26 April 2013: (TOP & LEFT) Nyangilizwe Senior Secondary School, near Mthatha. (RIGHT) Samson Senior Primary School, Libode District, Eastern Cape. All solidarity visit images by Sydelle Willow Smith.

PAGE 14 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

Yet another broken promise

Less than a week before the 15 May publication EE, through its legal representatives the LRC, granted since the settlement agreement, the request for an deadline, Minister Motshekga wrote to EE requesting the Minister a one-month extension, until 15 June, additional six months was unreasonable. an extension. In her letter, she wrote: “. . . from on the condition that she signed an addendum to the the comments received, I have discerned that it is original settlement, agreeing to the new deadline. On 11 June, at the Bhisho High Court, EE fled a undesirable for me to fnalise and promulgate the Failing this, EE said, she would be in breach of supplementary affdavit to re-open the case against norms and standards in their current form. In the main, the original agreement, and EE would renew its Minister Motshekga. The Minister’s spokesperson stakeholders object to the fact that the norms and application to court. The Minister, however, responded described EE’s action as “unnecessary” but Judge standards lack substance and certainty, and that there to EE by rejecting the extension and stating that “six Dukada disagreed and declared it to be a matter of is no clear framework or plan for implementing the months would be a more realistic timeframe”. EE felt urgency, setting the hearing date for 11 July 2013. norms and standards.” that, since the Minister had already had six months EE REtuRnS to tHE StREEtS June marches for norms and standards

With a second court hearing date set for 11 July 2013, EE increased pressure on the DBE by holding demonstrations on three consecutive days in June. At the centre of the planning for these events was EE’s Youth Department whose community leaders and facilitators spread the word through fash mobs, pamphleteering, and door-to-door mobilising.

On Youth Day, 16 June, the South African Youth Inter-Council Action Network (SAY-I-CAN) marched in solidarity with EE in Johannesburg and Durban. Siyabonga Sangweni-Synn, a Durban Youth Council steering committee member, explained: “We are here today to commemorate the 176 people who died in the 1976 protests. We, the youth of today, are fghting for quality school infrastructure, and although it is a different fght it is a fght nonetheless.”

On 17 June, thousands of learners gathered in Cape Town and Pretoria to march to Parliament and the Department of Basic Education. At both protests, government offcials were handed a memorandum which read:

“. . . It is impossible to learn and to teach when there are 130 learners in a class. We have experienced this. It is impossible to learn and to teach when the roof may fall on your head. We have seen this. It is impossible to learn to love reading when there is no library with books. Most schools face this. It is impossible to concentrate when there is no water to drink all day at school. We have gone through this. It is impossible to respect school when our toilets don’t work and we feel undignified. For all these reasons we demand final and binding, quality and serious, Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure now! After 20 broken promises we can no longer rely on promises. We need action. Nothing less will do.”

A day later, in the Eastern Cape town of Bhisho, a picket originally intended to highlight the problems in Moshesh Senior Secondary School became a picket for norms and standards outside the Bhisho High Court.

In the immediate wake of these protests the Minister responded by launching a false and racist attack on EE. In a statement entitled ‘Equal Education is disingenuous’ it was asserted, amongst other baseless accusations, that: “It is interesting to note the sudden interest that Equal Education is taking in the education of the African child. Suddenly the NGO knows all about the challenges that African children face against the privileges they have enjoyed . . . To suddenly see a group of white adults organizing black African children with half-truths can only be opportunistic, patronising and simply dishonest to say the least.” 17 June 2013: EE Facilitators Zintle Tomose (centre) and Yonela Libele (right) lead the Cape Town march for norms and standards.

PAGE 15 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

EE set the record straight by explaining that the majority of its leadership are black Africans who have come from the very townships and rural schools that, for over fve years, it had been struggling to uplift. At the time of the Minister’s attack, EE’s democratically elected National Council had three white members out of 20. The Minister had had a number of meetings with EE, so she was well aware of this. EE called on the Department to support, rather than attack, any person, regardless of background, who is committed to advancing the daily struggles of poor and working class youth. EE asked the Minister to distance herself from this racist and dishonest statement issued in her name but she has since never publicly responded, let alone apologised.

Instead, on 23 June, EE was invited to meet with Minister Motshekga, Deputy Minister Enver Surty and the Education MECs for six of the nine provinces at a hotel in Johannesburg. EE’s delegation included: National Chairperson Yoliswa Dwane, Deputy Chair Ntuthuzo Ndzomo, Deputy Chair Bayanda Mazwi, General Secretary Brad Brockman, Deputy General Secretary Doron Isaacs, Zackie Achmat, Mpumezo Mtyaphi and Mpho Motloung. Although frank and constructive, the meeting failed to secure a frm commitment from the DBE in terms of its publication of binding norms and standards. Meanwhile, the 11 July court date drew nearer.

17 June 2013: In Pretoria a giant ‘Angie Motshekga’ accepted a memorandum from EE, urging her to adopt norms and standards without delay. This was the only EE march that the Minister ever attended.

Excerpt from the memorandum handed to government offcials at the marches:

PAGE 16 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure

17 June 2013: Alan Phele (centre) and fellow equalisers lead the march for norms and standards in Pretoria. The Minister’s second draft and more public hearings

In the Bhisho High Court on 11 July 2013, EE, Another key concern was that of accountability. In represented by the LRC, obtained an order-by-consent Quotes from the second round of EE’s public hearings: accordance with Section 58C of the Schools Act, the compelling Minister Motshekga to publish an amended draft stipulated that, six months after the norms were draft norms and standards for school infrastructure. “The draft you have sent to fnalised and adopted, provincial MECs would be The Minister wanted another out-of-court settlement, required to submit a plan to the Minister on how they like that reached in late 2012, but this time EE insisted Equal Education is much would ensure implementation. Following this, they on a court order. Failure to comply with such an order better than the one you would also need to report to the Minister annually on is a serious offence and is punishable by a fne or their progress. imprisonment. The order set the date of publication for have sent in January but the public comment as 12 September 2013, and stated that problem is that in no. (3) While EE welcomed these stipulations, it was widely the norms had to be fnalised and promulgated into law felt that these plans and annual reports should by 30 November 2013. (b)(1) you said that you will also be made available to the public, who could thereby monitor the progress and hold the provincial Following this decision, Western Cape Premier and fix the infrastructure in 10 governments to account. In addition, EE insisted that leader of the Democratic Alliance Helen Zille came years’ time. I think that is the DBE and the provincial education departments to Minister’s Motshekga’s defence by describing should accept overarching responsibility for the the norms as “unachievable, unaffordable, and too long because there are implementation of these norms without, as had been educationally misdirected”. During the month that schools which really need the done in the draft, making delivery contingent on the followed, EE responded by conclusively refuting each cooperation of other government departments. of these claims. infrastructure now.” - Pamela Mbhele (grade 10) On 11 October, EE and the Equal Education Law When Minister Motshekga published her second Maceba Secondary School, Nquthu, KZN Centre (EELC) made a joint submission on the draft on 12 September, EE welcomed it as a much DBE’s draft Minimum Norms and Standards for improved version of the previous draft norms and School Infrastructure, raising these concerns about standards released in January. Not only did it include its timeframes and accountability measures. The considerably more detail, but it also had built-in “What about now? Where are submission drew together the comments of hundreds timeframes and accountability measures, which the the learners going to learn?” of learners and parents who participated in public earlier draft did not. workshops which EE hosted throughout the country - Moto Singulakka (grade 10) during September and October. For EE, however, there were still concerns. Although Oscar Mpetha High School, Nyanga, Western Cape signifcantly improved, the timeframes did not refect the urgency of the problem. The draft stated that water, electricity, toilets and fencing should be provided “You provided us with within 10 years, and all other norms, including libraries, laboratories and sports felds, by 2030. something that can be

EE held a second round of public hearings in achieved after a long period of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, the Eastern Cape, Gauteng time. In our schools we have and the Western Cape in late September and early October. The DBE, again, made no effort to engage urgent issues that can’t be the public on the draft it had produced. Learners and able to wait 10 years before it parents spoke out against the long timeframes in the new draft. It was felt that the schools suffering under can be achieved.” the worst conditions, such as most of those visited - Lucy (grade 11) during the Eastern Cape Solidarity Visit, could not be Mathukulula Secondary School, KZN expected to wait 10 years for assistance.

PAGE 17 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Story of EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure viva, noRMS and StandaRdS, viva! The victory of a generation

On 29 November, the time to celebrate fnally arrived “Motshekga’s announcement shows The adoption of Norms and Standards was, above all, when, after three years of sustained campaigning that democratic South Africa at its best; because a triumph for the thousands of school-going members involved tens of thousands of learners, teachers and it reminds us that citizens bring change, of EE, the equalisers, who had marched time and parents from across the country, the Minister fnalised that non-violent struggle works, that the again, fasted, held vigils, wrote letters, slept outside and promulgated binding Minimum Norms and Constitution can be a tool for equality and Parliament and made their voices heard at rallies and Standards for School Infrastructure. For the frst time social justice, and that our government can, on TV, radio and the internet. in South African history it became a legal requirement eventually, listen and do the right thing. that every school must have water, electricity, internet, In addition to this commitment across communities working toilets, safe classrooms with a maximum of 40 We are extremely pleased to be walking and schools, a concrete legal strategy had been at the learners, security, and thereafter libraries, laboratories forward with Minister Motshekga. We are heart of EE’s campaign. The staff of EE had worked and sports facilities. here after three years of sustained activism, tirelessly for many years; the LRC had represented and many broken promises, but we’re here. EE at every crucial step of the legal process, as Although far from perfect, the norms were a vast The Minister has done the right thing. She had Advocate Geoff Budlender SC; the EELC had improvement on those published in January and deserves substantial credit for that. Some provided valuable legal advice, often doing a full load September. They laid the physical foundations for within government urged her not to. These of drafting, compiling and editing without any public an adequate education for all South Africans, with regulations will be a proud part of her acknowledgement; and many other organisations a plan that provincial departments were legally legacy. had played their part, either by lending their support bound to comply with, and which learners, parents at public events or by contributing important and organisations could use to hold government In the days ahead we will release more submissions. In the end it was a coalition far bigger accountable for delivery. detailed comment on the fnal norms and than the EE family that propelled the Norms and standards. There remain various problems Standards Campaign to success. On 3 December 2013, EE released a press statement which we need to raise. We will write to the which included the following: Minister to do this too.”

“On 29 November, the time to celebrate finally arrived when, after three years of sustained campaigning that involved tens of thousands of learners, teachers and parents from across the country, the Minister finalised and promulgated binding Minimum Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure. For the first time in South African history it became a legal requirement that every school must have water, electricity, internet, working toilets, safe classrooms with a maximum of 40 learners, security, and thereafter libraries, laboratories and sports facilities.”

PAGE 18 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 otHER caMPaignS & Although EE’s Norms and Standards Campaign occupied the limelight in 2013, there were many couRt caSES other important achievements. SuccESSFully MaRcHing FoR StREEt ligHtS

For a number of months GroundUp, an online A lack of street lights, grassroots newspaper, had reported on the lack of particularly in working-class streetlights in Khayelitsha. On 18 January 2013, EE’s Deputy General Secretary Doron Isaacs published communities, poses a risk to a lengthy piece in the Cape Times contrasting the reality of the light-less streets with the many promises both drivers and pedestrians. Western Cape Premier Helen Zille had made, on Khayelitsha has the highest Twitter, to remedy the situation. number of motor-vehicle- Then, on 4 February 2013, members of EE, the Social Justice Coalition (SJC) and the Treatment Action related deaths in Cape Town – Campaign (TAC) marched through the streets of twice as high as the city centre Khayelitsha to demand better public lighting. The march began at the Town Two market, on the corner and ﬁve times as high as the of Lansdowne Road and Spine Road, and proceeded down Lansdowne Road – one of Cape Town’s busiest southern suburbs. Faulty street – along which large sections had no street lights at all. lights contribute signiﬁcantly Marchers called on the City to provide a plan to to this and, more generally, ensure that lights were properly maintained, that vandalism was prevented, and that new lights were to the proliferation of violent installed where necessary. The city scrambled to fx crime in disadvantaged areas. as many lights as they could in the days preceding the march, and Mayor Patricia de Lille attended the march. Subsequently, the streetlight problem along Lansdowne Road in Khayelitsha has been almost totally 4 February 2013: EE leaders Siphosethu Sibelekwa, Sbu Nkosi, Thando Dyamara, rectifed. However, other streets are still without lights. Portia Nyokana, Luyolo Mazwembe and Zintle Tomose at the head of the march. tHE Rivonia caSE Addressing entrenched inequality in access to better-resourced public schools

In 2011, when Rivonia Primary in Gauteng refused to wanted to bring to the attention of both the court and There are two very diferent admit a grade 1 learner because its School Governing the public. realities operating in South Body (SGB) had capped enrolment at 120 learners per grade, the Gauteng Department of Education instructed The school argued that, in accordance with Section Africa’s public schooling the school to accept the learner. The school then 5(5) of the South African Schools Act, an SGB has appealed this decision in the Gauteng High Court. the sole and fnal say on the maximum capacity of a system. The majority of school. This implied that neither the school nor the schools are overcrowded, What soon emerged was the legal question of SGB were obliged to consider the broader systemic whether the ultimate power to determine a public educational crisis or the constitutional imperative to lack adequate infrastructure, school’s capacity lay with the Provincial Department provide a basic education for all learners in South or the SGB. First, the High Court ruled that the MEC Africa. The province argued the opposite, that the books, furniture and had the fnal say. However, this decision was then MEC and HOD had an overriding duty to ensure that competent teachers. Learners overturned at the Supreme Court of Appeal. every child had a place. in these schools come from On 9 May 2013, the case reached the Constitutional EE has never sought to destroy better-resourced public Court where EE and the Centre for Child Law (CCL), schools in the name of equality. However, it does hold impoverished homes and do represented by the Legal Resources Centre (LRC), the view that there should not be islands of privilege not pay fees. argued as amici curiae (‘friends of the court’) that and exclusivity which are exempt from the needs for the correct balance is achieved neither by permitting greater and fairer access to quality education. MECs little or no power nor by permitting them total On the other hand, a signifcant minority of public power to override the capacity decision of an SGB. For this reason, EE, the LRC and the CCL welcomed the schools have – as a product of apartheid – inherited Instead, they argued, a shared power is needed, Constitutional Court’s ruling that a provincial HOD may excellent infrastructure. These schools are often allowing the two to cooperate constructively. be empowered to instruct a principal to admit a learner further supported by parents who have professional in excess of the limit prescribed by its admission policies. qualifcations and are therefore able to assist the Below this important legal question lay the social school fnancially and attract competent teachers. reality of unequal, separate education, even within the public education system. It was this reality that EE

PAGE 19 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Equal Education Law Centre (EELC)

Founded in January 2012, the EELC is an independent, registered In just two years, the EELC has enjoyed many remarkable successes. law clinic that grew from the work of EE. It is managed, governed Often working closely with EE, its lawyers have assisted learners, and funded separately from EE, and has its own premises. It was parents and communities in cases relating to exclusions, school- established for a few key purposes: to fulfl the ever-increasing fee exemptions, norms and standards for school infrastructure, need for a specialized public-interest legal institution dedicated to lock-outs, evictions of schools from private property, closures, advancing the constitutional right to education, particularly through discrimination, mismanagement, and school and community safety – strategic support for EE’s campaigns; and to provide direct legal all with the view to ensuring that every learner receives an equitable, assistance to many of the individuals and communities that approach safe and adequate basic education, as enshrined in the Constitution. EE for assistance with education-related matters. For more visit www.eelawcentre.org.za or call 021 461 1421. tHE MoSHESH caSE Improving forgotten schools

On Thursday 13 June 2013, four days before the In 2012, learners from educators across all subjects, scheduled hearing of the matter, EE, the EELC and Moshesh Senior Secondary long-outdated textbooks and the Eastern Cape Department of Education met in East London to discuss progress made to resolve the in the Eastern Cape wrote an appalling conditions at the problems at the school and to chart a way forward. The department reported that it had made several impassioned letter of appeal school hostel. interventions to improve the situation, including to EE. A delegation of EE suspending and replacing the principal, appointing a After repeated efforts to resolve the problem through new SGB and investigating the textbook shortage and members then visited the letters and phone calls to the Eastern Cape education the school’s fnancial mismanagement. authorities, EE, represented by the Equal Education Law school to assess the situation, Centre (EELC), then opened a case at the Bhisho High As a result of these efforts by the Eastern Cape and found several problems Court in November 2012 against eight respondents, Department of Education, the learners, EE and the including Minister Motshekga. Founding and supporting EELC agreed to postpone the hearing of the matter that were seriously hampering affdavits were submitted by Palesa Manyokole, a grade pending resolution of the outstanding questions. 12 learner at Moshesh, her mother Madimo Mouthloali, A comprehensive settlement agreement was then learner progress, including 9 other learners from Moshesh, and EE’s National signed by the parties and made into an order on 12 extreme staf absenteeism, Chairperson Yoliswa Dwane. August. EE and the EELC have since been monitoring the implementation of these measures. an insufcient number of tHE HaRMony caSE Protecting the rights of pregnant learners

In response to complaints submitted by the two EE argued that HODs do have the power to intervene In March 2013, EE and the learners’ parents, the Free State HOD instructed the because they are obliged by the Constitution to EELC became involved in a principals to ignore their pregnancy policies and respect, protect and fulfl pregnant learners’ rights to readmit the learners. When both principals complied, human dignity, to receive a basic education, and not case at the Constitutional their SGBs launched a High Court application to be subjected to unfair discrimination. It was also to prevent the HOD from interfering with the contended that the pregnancy policies discriminate Court concerning the learner implementation of school policies. on the basis of both gender and pregnancy, without pregnancy policies of two Free taking into account the personal circumstances of the Both the High Court and later the Supreme Court of learners affected. State schools: Harmony and Appeal delivered narrow and technical judgments in favour of the SGBs, ruling that the provincial HOD was The Court ruled that, although the actions of Welkom High. essentially powerless in such matters. the Free State Education Department had been ‘entirely inappropriate and undermined the carefully At Harmony High, a 17-year-old learner who had given The Free State Education Department then appealed constructed scheme of powers of the Schools Act’, birth in July 2010 had been instructed to leave unless to the Constitutional Court, where EE and the the schools’ policies had nevertheless violated she could produce a medical certifcate proving that she Centre for Child Law (CCL) were admitted as amici the pregnant learners’ rights. Thus, the two SGBs had not in fact given birth. At Welkom High, the School curiae (‘friends of the court’). Unlike the previous were ordered to revisit their pregnancy policies in Governing Body (SGB) suspended a pregnant learner hearings, the case dealt with two separate but consultation with the HOD by 10 October. In the for a year, without considering her grade, age or when interconnected issues: whether, in these particular wake of the judgment, both Welkom and Harmony her baby was due. instances, the HOD’s instructions had been unlawful, readmitted their pregnant learners. and whether the pregnancy policies themselves were constitutionally valid.

PAGE 20 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Equalisers protest outside Maluti Education District Ofﬁce, north of Matatiele, Eastern Cape. Image by Shelley Christians.

PAGE 21 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 tHE lERato RadEbE caSE The freedom to display religious and cultural traditions in schools

once EE and the EELC had written letters to the only had the learner’s suspension been unprocedural In 2013, EE was involved in relevant education authorities. in terms of the South African School Act, it had also challenging four instances violated her right to equality. The fourth and most widely publicized, however, was of discrimination against that of Lerato Radebe, a grade 8 learner at Leseding Acting Judge Phalatsi interdicted the principal and Technical School in the Free State town of Welkom, SGB chairperson from harassing, disadvantaging, Rastafarian learners. whose urgent court application was fled at the Free victimizing or discriminating against Lerato. He State High Court on 9 May. ordered that she be immediately readmitted to her In each case a learner was either unlawfully excluded school, and that, within fve school days of the court from or denied admission to their school on the basis EE and the EELC undertook the case on the basis that order, a remedial lesson plan be drafted in a meeting that their dreadlocks were a violation of the school’s although the school had a right to a school uniform with the principal, the SGB chairperson, the district code of conduct. Three involved Khayelitsha learners policy, it should also be sensitive to the right to director, Lerato and her parents. whose exclusions were soon resolved out-of-court, display genuine religious and cultural traditions. Not SaFER coMMunitiES, SaFER ScHoolS The O’Regan-Pikoli Commission of Inquiry into Khayelitsha policing

Commission of Inquiry into the Khayelitsha criminal Over the past fve years, six EE members have been Khayelitsha experiences some justice system. The SJC took the leading role. Initially murdered – Simthembile Sitsha, Mzikayise Boto, of the highest crime rates the call for a Commission was resisted by the Western Akhona Sojola, Siphe Somlenze, Mnoneleli Ngubo Cape Provincial Government until further protest and Athenkosi Nteyi – but not one of their murderers in the country. In 2012/13, action in October 2011 put pressure on the Premier, has been brought to justice. And while the national Helen Zille, to reconsider establishing a Commission murder rate is in decline, in Khayelitsha over the past its three police stations – in of Inquiry. three years it has increased to at least one a day. Harare, Site B and Lingelethu- In August 2012, the Commission was instituted to Many EE members submitted affdavits and attended West – reported 354 murders, examine the complainants’ allegations of police strategy meetings with the other complainant ineffciency in Khayelitsha and a breakdown in organisations. 617 sexual crimes and 1,486 relations between the Khayelitsha community and assaults with intent to commit the police. It was the result of a ten-year struggle The O’Regan-Pikoli Commission, now in its closing for safety and justice in poor and working-class stages, has raised unprecedented questions about bodily harm. Its murder communities that began in 2003 with the TAC in professional and ethical leadership from the top to the Khayelitsha, and has since been reinforced by the bottom of South Africa’s criminal justice system. It is rate (of 90 people for every campaign work of the SJC, EE and other organisations EE’s hope that the Commissioners’ recommendations 100,000) is almost three times operating in Khayelitsha. will not only improve the performance of the police and the broader criminal justice system in Khayelitsha, the national average. Although EE is a nationwide organisation, many of its but across all working-class communities. We will members live in Khayelitsha and other neighbouring mobilise to ensure the implementation of the Equal Education, the Treatment Action Campaign townships. As a movement of school-going youth, recommendations that emanate from the Commission. (TAC), Ndifuna Ukwazi, the Triangle Project and moreover, EE is well aware of how much performance the Social Justice Coalition (SJC) led the call for a at school is affected by learners’ concerns about safety at home and in their communities.

13 December 2012: 500 people gathered outside the Cape High Court last week Thursday opposing Minister of Police Nathi Mthetwa’s application to stop a Commission of Inquiry into policing in Khayelitsha from continuing. Image by Kate Stegeman.

PAGE 22 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 coMMunity & PaREntS

library. At Sosebenza Primary and Chuma Primary, Parents and the broader toilet-cleaning rosters have been implemented. “Discussions focus on how community are essential to parents can best involve the success of our education PArENTS CAMP themselves in assisting their system. Equipped with a Between 1 and 3 November 2013, the Community children’s schooling, both at home Department held a parent members camp in knowledge of education rights Hermanus. About 90 parents attended, representing and in their schools by serving on and how to support their all branches. Over the three days, the members engaged with one another over, among other school governing bodies, setting children’s learning, parents issues, the problems they are confronted with in up cleaning and restoration their communities, and they studied the roles and can provide their children with responsibilities of SGBs. Priorities were identifed and projects, or participating in EE’s the support and guidance they plans drawn up. campaign work.” need to learn and be taught efectively, while playing an active role in improving their schools.

By early 2014, EE had seven Parents Branches in Khayelitsha and two in Kraaifontein and Strand. Each one includes a Branch Executive Committee of fve or six leaders who chair each meeting, take minutes and organise logistics. Meetings are held regularly, after work and during the weekends.

Parent Branches are responsible for planning, coordinating and carrying out school-based projects, recruiting new parent members, campaigning (through door-to-door mobilising and pamphleteering) and raising awareness about the many problems facing learners in schools. Discussions focus on how parents can best involve themselves in assisting their children’s schooling, both at home and in their schools by serving on School Governing Bodies (SGBs), setting up cleaning and restoration projects, or participating in EE’s campaign work. Highlights from 2013

HEriTAGE DAY MArCH

On 24 September, more than 300 EE parent members marched through Khayelitsha to raise greater awareness about the need for involvement of parents in the education of their children and to demand a better quality education for all, beginning with Norms and Standards for School Infrastructure. At the Site B Hall they were addressed by a variety of speakers, including teachers, parents, Yoliswa Dwane, the Chairperson of EE, Mr Mpondwana, the Regional Secretary of the South African National Civic Organisation (SANCO), and a representative from the Khayelitsha Education Forum (KEF).

SCHOOL-BASED PrOJECTS

In 2013, EE parent members met with Khayelitsha school principals to discuss the ways in which they can play a part in improving the physical conditions at the schools. Of the various needs discussed, and given the resources available, toilet-cleaning and wall-painting were prioritized. At Sakumlandela Primary in Site B, the entire school was painted, while at Sobambisana Primary parents painted the school

(TOP LEFT) EE parent members at a training camp. (TOP RIGHT) Sindiswa Koyana from EE’s Victoria Mxenge parents branch in Khayelitsha during a sanitation campaign. (BELOW) Thozama Ngethu (in the white skirt) from Nonkqubela branch, Khayelitsha, leads a group on the parents’ march, 24 September 2013.

PAGE 23 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 The Youth Department is the lifeblood of EE. Comprised mainly of high-school-going members (known as ‘equalisers’) who attend youtH more than 30 weekly meetings across Gauteng and the Western Cape, its work provides the foundation upon which EE develops and mobilises young activist leaders. Monthly meetings are held in communities throughout Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape.

JOiNS EE as an equaliser, and begins attending weekly youth group meetings. In addition to weekly Past equalisers often youth group, will attend go on to be trained as monthly mass meetings facilitators, thereafter where campaign running the weekly developments are youth groups for new discussed with members equalisers. from across a region.

May graduate into a fulltime EE leadership May be elected by role, or work as a other equalisers youth librarian in onto the Leadership the journey of an Committee, a leadership one of the 32 school libraries that EE coordinating structure has opened and from across all youth supports. Equaliser: groups.

Participates in Once fnished school, campaigns, whether the equaliser may locally to fx toilets, end be selected for the late-coming or ensure Community Leadership textbook supply, or Programme, a year-long nationally to reform community organising policy and secure training programme greater resources for within EE. poor schools.

Attends May get involved in a EE National particular project within Congress once EE, like ‘The Equaliser’ every three years, as a magazine which uses delegate able to vote on equaliser-journalists, or resolutions and for the Amazwi Wethu which leadership of the trains equaliser-flm- organisation. makers.

Participates in EE events Attends EE’s annual like seminars, summits, summer camp with 600 and conferences. members from across the country.

PAGE 24 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Some Highlights from 2013

COMMuNiTY LEADErS SCHOOL iNFrASTruCTurE ExHiBiTiON TOiLET CLEAN-uP CAMPAiGN

In 2013, EE continued its Community Leadership In the third quarter of the year, the equalisers Equalisers identifed the many forms that the problem (CL) programme, a post-matric year of leadership connected the campaign for norms and standards of sanitation takes – from broken pipes, windows, development and community organising for promising for school infrastructure to their daily experience. cisterns and doors to a lack of toilet paper, soap and EE members. The programme, which was previously They did this by documenting their own schools sanitary bins. Once these issues had been identifed, run in the Cape Town CBD has been relocated to EE’s through surveys and photographs. These were then equalisers and facilitators then listed their causes head offce in Khayelitsha. In the mornings, the CLs consolidated and displayed in a public exhibition. – which ranged from insuffcient infrastructure and (as they’re known) attend seminars, covering areas maintenance to vandalism and misuse – before such as politics, history, economics, leadership, and On 5 September 2013, over 600 equalisers attended coming up with a variety of practical solutions. writing and language skills. In the afternoons they an exhibition at Khayelitsha’s OR Tambo Hall to prepare for and facilitate EE’s weekly youth groups, draw attention to the infrastructural problems in It was then decided that a toilet-cleaning campaign and engage in campaign work. local schools. Equalisers shared the challenges they – involving equalisers, facilitators, community leaders faced, whether these related to security, classroom and EE staff – be established in EE-member schools FACiLiTATOr TrAiNiNG conditions, extramural facilities, academic support to encourage learners to take responsibility for spaces or sanitation. their facilities, and to send a clear message to both In addition to the CLs, a large number of facilitators the schools’ management and governance, and – mostly former equalisers – run the weekly youth Equalisers browsed the displays and then flled out the provincial government, that better sanitation group meetings. In July, the Youth Department held a a refection worksheet which encouraged them to maintenance is needed. This campaign is ongoing. facilitator training workshop, which focussed on skills identify what they believed to be the most serious identifed by the facilitators themselves. issues. Although broken windows, classroom furniture, CONSTiTuTiON SEMiNArS secure fencing and sports facilities all featured In November, in preparation for the January 2014 prominently in their responses, the problem of In July 2012, when EE adopted its new Interim Annual Summer Camp, the Youth Department held a sanitation emerged as the most pressing. Constitution, it was resolved that workshops on EE’s preparatory camp (Pre-Camp) for facilitators. This allowed Constitution and how internal democracy works in them to be better prepared for their sessions, and helped the movement would be held for members across the to create a sense of the facilitators’ role in the movement country. These took place in June 2013 in KwaZulu- on a national – rather than provincial – level. Natal, Eastern Cape, Limpopo and the major centres.

Amazwi Wethu (‘Our voices’)

Co-founded in June 2012 by three graduate students from the New School in New York, Palika Makam, Carlos Cagin and Jordan Clark, Amazwi Wethu is EE’s youth flm training programme, providing equalisers with the opportunity to develop their skills in documentary flmmaking, photography and visual-media editing.

Since its pilot workshop in 2012, equalisers within Amazwi Wethu have produced and edited three short documentaries which, in line with EE’s Campaign for Minimum Norms and Standards, have explored issues relating to under-resourced schools in the Eastern Cape and inadequate sanitation and service delivery in Khayelitsha.

By focussing on areas such as these – in addition to documenting and promoting EE events, including EE’s 2012 Congress, weekly seminars, marches and library openings – Amazwi Wethu equalisers use the medium of flm to further EE’s campaign work while themselves becoming more critically conscious producers and consumers of visual media.

Amazwi Wethu’s flms have featured on Cape Town TV and at an exhibition at The District 6 Museum. For its latest flm, Siwe’s Journey: Sanitation in Khayelitsha, the crew underwent a training programme with STEPS Southern Africa. It later premiered at the Labia Theatre as part of the Cape Town Eco Festival, and will also be screened by Weltfriedensdienst (World Peace Service) as a way to show how youth activists are using flm as an advocacy tool. Numerous screenings throughout Khayelitsha are being arranged. The flms are availible on YouTube.

(TOP) Khanya Sandile and fellow equaliser during a bathroom cleaning campaign. (BOTTOM LEFT) Some 2013 Community Leader programme members: (L-R) Nkululeko Pote, Ntsiki Dlulani, Zintle Tomose, Sanele Mbayeka, Nixole Mongameli and Temba ‘Large’ Tonga. (BOTTOM RIGHT) Equalisers and Amazwi Wethu trainees Kedebone Legoale and Ayanda Xoeie.

PAGE 25 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 EE in gautEng

SANiTATiON CAMPAiGN iN TEMBiSA SCHOOLS “My dignity is not here anymore,” one equaliser In just two years, EE has reported, “because of the dirty toilet I have to go established a strong foothold in For many of South Africa’s learners in township and to every day.” The conditions viewed in many of the poor rural schools, unhygienic sanitation is a grim schools were worse than those in prisons. At more Gauteng. 2013 was dominated daily reality. In their schools, toilets are often too few than half of the schools visited, it was commonplace in number or broken, forcing learners to wait in long for more than 100 boys or girls to share a single by a sanitation campaign queues, and there is no soap, toilet paper or sanitary working toilet. By comparison, according to the in Tembisa schools which bins, let alone running water. Using these toilets puts Wits Justice Project, 65 men share a single toilet at learners’ health at risk, and violates their dignity. Johannesburg Medium A Prison. captured the attention of To better understand this crisis, Tembisa equalisers On 25 October, EE presented its fndings to the the media and ultimately organised and conducted a social audit of the sanitary Ekurhuleni North Education District Director, Ephraim convinced the Education MEC conditions in 11 of the township’s high schools serving Tau. During this meeting EE asked the Gauteng over 10,000 learners. Over two weeks between 26 Department of Education (GDE) to address the for Gauteng, Barbara Creecy, August and 6 September, the equalisers monitored sanitation crisis in Tembisa by 8 November 2013. the state of each and every school toilet twice a day. When the GDE failed to do so, EE published its report to take active steps towards on 19 November 2013, UN World Toilet Day. resolving the crisis in early Some survey ﬁndings: This prompted the GDE into action and on 26 2014. The campaign’s impact November EE met with MEC Creecy. In January 2014 • approximately 90% of schools had 12 new pre-fabricated toilet blocks were delivered to has also helped EE to extend insuffcient infrastructure or a dysfunctional schools in Tembisa, contractors were sent to fx taps its work beyond Tembisa, to sanitation system; and toilets, and the MEC herself visited and helped clean Tembisa toilets on 12 January. In addition, • in some schools there were days when there MEC Creecy undertook to deliver an additional 10 the communities of Daveyton were no functioning toilets for students to use; prefabricated toilets to schools in Gauteng, as well as and Kwa-Thema in Ekurhuleni, assigning contractors to improve the sanitation at 60 • learners did not have regular access to toilet schools in the province. where weekly youth group paper or soap in their schools; meetings involving hundreds of • many schools had broken or non-functional This was a major victory for equalisers and staff in taps, some of which were disconnected from Gauteng, who are currently planning the next phase equalisers are now being held. a water supply; and of the campaign. This will involve bringing together learners, parents, teachers and principals to monitor • in the few schools where sanitary bins were the sanitation facilities, ensure that soap and toilet provided, they were often full, causing paper is always available, and that learners practice students to throw their sanitary pads on the good hygiene and maintain the toilets. foor.

A youth group meeting at Tembisa High School, 2013.

PAGE 26 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 national oRganiSing

A systematic drive to map and organise these groups spread and took root elsewhere. They In addition to its membership members began in January 2013. From northern followed the pattern of EE’s strong youth groups in in the Western Cape and Limpopo to Bhisho in the Eastern Cape, equalisers Gauteng and the Western Cape. In every province, were contacted and engaged with over the specifc campaigns were initiated to address issues such as Gauteng, EE also has active problems they were confronted with in their schools school sanitation, non-functional libraries, lack of and communities. Leaders were identifed, meeting textbooks and poorly-managed hostels. volunteers and members in locations scouted, and community structures Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and consulted. EE’s national organisers have been struck by the passion and commitment of the members they the Eastern Cape. From June onwards, facilitators were trained and have engaged with in every corner of the country. youth groups began to take place across Limpopo’s It has been a reminder that the struggle for quality Vhembe and Capricorn regions, the Umzinyathi and equality in South African education is one district of KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape’s that resonates across all cultural and geographical Buffalo district. From these footholds EE’s youth boundaries.

Where is EE?

JOHANNESBURG, GAUTENG: Sanitation campaign in Tembisa and new VALDEZIA, THOHOYANDOU AND MAGALIESBERG, GAUTENG: youth groups in Daveyton and KwaThema. MAKULEKE, LIMPOPO: EE holds a staff and facilitator In schools in these three districts, EE has been camp with members from different instrumental in establishing, upgrading and provinces. cleaning school libraries.

WELKOM, FREE STATE: SESHEGO AND MASHASHANE, LIMPOPO: EE and the EELC successfully protect EE campaigns to improve the dire lack of Rastafarian learner Lerato Radebe’s furniture in a school where 500 learners sit on right to wear dreadlocks at school. the ﬂoor each day.

NQUTU, KWAZULU-NATAL: EE has growing memberships in 10 schools. NORTHERN CAPE: EE undertakes a solidarity visit to communities near Kuruman MATATIELE, EASTERN CAPE: where 40 schools were closed Equalisers successfully remove their non-functioning for months by protests. principal, and win more teachers and textbooks for their school, through campaigning and litigation.

KHAYELITSHA, WESTERN CAPE: MTHATHA DISTRICT, EASTERN CAPE: Head ofﬁce and base of youth and EE undertakes a solidarity visit to six Eastern Cape parent organising, which include schools with Archbishop Thabo Makgoba and a dozens of weekly youth groups. delegation of eminent South Africans.

BHISHO, EASTERN CAPE: CAPE TOWN, WESTERN CAPE: EE, together with equalisers from Bhisho High, run a EE attends Education Portfolio successful sanitation campaign at the school. Committee meetings in Parliament.

Some Highlights from 2013

BHiSHO HiGH SANiTATiON CAMPAiGN LiMPOPO LiBrAriES MAGALiESBErG CAMP

Throughout 2013, EE helped equalisers organise Central to EE’s work in Limpopo province has been In June 2013, a camp was held in the Magaliesberg a sanitation campaign at Bhisho High School in the creation and preservation of libraries – for the Gauteng staff, facilitators and community the Eastern Cape. It began with a research phase a rare facility in this neglected region. At schools leaders, in addition to a core group of facilitators from during which equalisers collected and studied in Thohoyandou and Makuleke, EE has also been other provinces. Organised as a training camp, its policy documents to better understand their right running campaigns to ensure that libraries are looked activities were geared to helping EE’s young leaders to adequate sanitation. Next they conducted a after, both in terms of cleanliness and functionality. fnd practical ways to develop and run meetings and survey which made it clear that the state of Bhisho Facilitators and equalisers combined efforts to rebuild campaigns in their areas. High’s toilets was unacceptable. They then reported shelves, sort books and clean the foors and windows. their fndings to the SGB and teachers. The deputy- principal was particularly taken by the efforts of In the Valdezia district, EE’s work also inspired an the learners and their strength within the student equaliser, appropriately named Teacher, to coordinate body, and committed himself to ensuring the toilets singlehandedly the construction of a library at his were cleaned regularly. The situation has changed school, Rivubhye High. Having previously been considerably; however, the Bhisho equalisers continue nothing more than a bare room, the library now to monitor the situation. has shelves, books and a comfortable space where learners can study.

PAGE 27 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Policy, coMMunicationS & RESEaRcH (PcR)

Every quarter the PCR Department also publishes a Parliament about key outstanding issues of oversight The PCR department is EE’s new issue of ‘The Equalizer’ – EE’s offcial magazine and legislature in relation to the Department of Basic think tank. Its staf produces written by equalisers and aimed at young people. Its Education. articles address issues relating to education and the research and analysis to inform broader struggle for equality and social justice, both The report included the oral presentation EE in South Africa and abroad. made to the committee, which reviewed the DBE’s the organisation’s campaign performance during the previous fnancial year and work, and a publication with provided a list of recommendations for the Budget Some Highlights from 2013 Review and Recommendation Report. which equalisers and EE PArLiAMENTArY MONiTOriNG TExTBOOk PrOCurEMENT AND DELiVErY: AN organisers express their views. ANALYSiS Since 2010 EE has attended every single Education All of EE’s campaigns and activism are based on Portfolio Committee meeting at Parliament. This work Throughout 2013, EE conducted research into the detailed research. The PCR department produces is important because through it EE helps to ensure production and distribution of textbooks in South internal materials such as fact sheets and pamphlets that Parliament fulfls its function as the country’s most Africa. The research is currently being edited for that assist the work of the youth and community important oversight structure, bringing accountability publication. It analyses the process of textbook departments. For external use, it publishes detailed to the work of the Department of Basic Education. publication, as regulated by the National Catalogue, research and policy analysis, submissions to Through this work EE is able to pose questions produced by the Department of Basic Education. Parliament, and briefng documents for liaising with in committees and in both houses of Parliament, It also looks at the different procurement and the media and government. The same emphasis on to engage with MPs, to receive reports on the distribution systems in all nine provinces. Based on accuracy underlies EE’s social media presence. implementation of laws, policies and budgets, and these and other facets of the textbooks supply chain, sometimes to fll committee rooms with our members the report makes recommendations for how textbook In addition to its steady stream of written material – to exert necessary pressure. This work continued supply can be improved in our schools. including newspaper articles, reports, affdavits and productively throughout 2013. submissions to government departments – PCR uses television, radio, newspapers, pamphleteering, mass THE LEGACY rEPOrT SMSing (texting), email, social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and MXit, Youtube, Vimeo and of The Porfolio Committee on Basic Education’s ‘Legacy course EE’s comprehensive website to improve public Report’ was published in March 2014. Covering the awareness and bolster the organising and mobilisation past fve years, between May 2009 and March 2014, work undertaken by the rest of EE. its aim was to inform the members of the incoming

EE’S SEMiNAr SEriES

Every two weeks since mid-2013, EE has been holding public seminars on social and political questions that have an impact on its work and the lives of young people in South Africa. The success of this series has meant that another 20 seminars have been scheduled for 2014.

PAGE 28 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 FundRaiSing EE is partly funded by the contributions of hundreds Thank You to EE’s Institutional Funders of ordinary South Africans. Currently, over 300 people PriNCiPAL FuNDErS donate small amounts via • The Atlantic Philanthropies debit order on a regular basis. • The Open Society Foundations (Education Support Programme) • The Ford Foundation Many more contribute once- • The Raith Foundation • The Sigrid Rausing Trust of. The EE website (www. • The European Union equaleducation.org.za/donate) • The DG Murray Trust • The Bertha Foundation has the capacity to process • Open Society Foundation South Africa • First Rand Foundation credit card donations online. In • Open Society Presidents Fund 2013, EE raised over R500,000 MAJOr FuNDErS in this manner. • The Heinrich Böll Stiftung Thank you to all our individual donors whose • The EGG Foundation contribution and support drive the movement for • EMpower quality and equality in South African education • The Claude Leon Foundation forward. Should you wish to donate to EE on a • Wallace Global Fund monthly basis please contact • The Foundation for Human Rights [email protected]. • South Africa Development Fund

MYSCHOOL CArD SiGNiFiCANT SuPPOrTErS

In September, EE qualifed to be included as a • Tullow Oil Plc benefciary of the MySchool Card scheme. This meant • HCI Foundation that for every card swiped at selected South African • Zenex Foundation retail chains, including Woolworths and Waltons, EE • Trident Trust would receive a percentage of the amount paid, and • Stella and Paul Loewenstein Charitable and Educational Trust (managed by Investec) at no cost to the purchaser. FinancE & adMiniStRati o n

EE’s administrative staf In 2013, EE added additional full-time skills to its Finance and Administration departments, particularly oversees the ever-expanding in bookkeeping. This became necessary given the tremendous diversity of EE’s activities and funders, and operations of an organisation because departments require up-to-date knowledge of growing nationally. This team their expenditure limits before planning activities. is responsible for the internal With a growing staff component we have had to ensure that robust policies and procedures are functioning of the organisation in place and that our systems work smoothly and and its activities; ensuring effciently. It is vital for an activist organisation to have a strong administrative backbone in order for it to be that the strategic work of EE is professional as well as react quickly and effectively to organised, efcient, and thus drive our aims forward. capable of having the greatest EE is audited annually by Braude Gordon & Co. impact.

PAGE 29 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Annual Financial Statements as at 31 December 2013

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION DETAILED INCOME STATEMENT Figures in R 2013 2012 Figures in R 2013 2012

Assets Income Non-Current Assets Donations 15,400,895 12,540,896 Property, plant and equipment 407,185 206,929 Other Income

Investment income 171,220 89,354 Current Assets Proﬁt on sale of property, plant and equipment 1,492 – Trade and other receivables 29,235 28,071 Other income and recoveries 36,359 76,107 Cash and cash equivalents 7,281,245 4,250,829 209,071 165,461 7,310,480 4,278,900 Total income 15,609,966 12,706,357 Total Assets 7,717,665 4,485,829 Project expenses

Bookery 368,759 475,326 Equity and Liabilities Campaigns 2,199,828 1,259,529 Equity Community Mobilisation 81,466 4,923 Retained income 859,619 426,496 Gauteng ofﬁce projects and operations 648,363 – Libraries Project 943,981 489,641 Current Liabilities National Coordination 373,423 504,618 Trade and other payables 177,190 328,789 Parents Project 674,938 541,325 Income received in advance 6,680,142 3,730,544 Research and policy work (PCR) 1,873,086 2,954,943 Bank overdraft 714 – Youth 3,408,940 2,693,369 6,858,046 4,059,333 10,572,784 8,923,674

Total Equity and Liabilities 7,717,665 4,485,829 Expenditure - other Accounting fees 67,453 145,155 Auditors’ remuneration 46,512 43,320 Bank charges 61,965 69,809 Cleaning 22,289 15,846 Compensation commissioner 33,556 33,579 Computer expenses 71,493 122,534 Consulting fees 369,140 26,120 Depreciation - Tangible assets 105,003 74,403 Direct project costs 131,239 – Electricity and water 29,708 – Entertainment 2,380 – Equipmental rental 27,528 25,999 Insurance 15,766 15,162

Legal expense 2,753 – Loss on sale of ﬁxed assets – 2,019 Meals, catering and refreshments 43,440 22,232 Postage 2,599 2,073 Printing and stationery 115,227 148,701 Recruitment fees 83,406 104,044 Rent paid - premises 92,319 190,737 Repairs and maintenance 191,613 206,372 Salaries 2,642,162 1,557,927 Security 3,474 111,444 Staff weIfare 34,286 – Sundry Expenses 1,782 37,096 Telephone and fax 67,297 136,879 Training 90,377 60,387 Travel - local 249,292 178,233 4,604,059 3,330,071

Total Expenditure 15,176,843 12,253,745

Surplus for the year 433,123 452,612

PAGE 30 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 tHE nati o nal council

Yoliswa Dwane, Chairperson Ntuthuzo Ndzomo, Deputy Chairperson Bayanda Mazwi, Deputy Chairperson Brad Brockman, General Secretary Doron Isaacs, Deputy General Secretary

Yoliswa grew up in Dimbaza township Ntuthuzo joined EE in 2008 and has Bayanda spent his early childhood in Brad grew up in Cape Town and attended Doron grew up in Durban and attained in the Eastern Cape, and matriculated played a role in every one of EE’s East London, in Mdantsane township. Westerford High before graduating from degrees in Finance and Law at UCT. in King William’s Town. At UCT she campaigns. Having previously worked He moved to Cape Town in 2002 and UCT with a BA in History and Politics, He was a founder of EE, and served as completed a degree in Media, Film and as a facilitator, he is now responsible is currently in grade 12 at the Centre and an Honours degree in History. In Coordinator for 4½ years. Doron takes Visual Studies and an LLB. Yoliswa for training the community leadership of Science and Technology (COSAT). 2010 he joined EE as a researcher, before a leading role in much of EE’s work, and is a founding member of EE and the group. Ntuthuzo is also currently studying Bayanda joined EE in 2009 and sits on working with youth and parents. As particularly strategy and planning. He current Chairperson. She also leads EE’s towards a BA degree, majoring in history the organisation’s disciplinary committee. General Secretary, Brad leads all of EE’s is also a board member of the EE Law research, media engagement, law reform and politics, at UCT. work on a day-to-day basis. Centre and Ndifuna Ukwazi. work and publications.

Sean Feinberg, Treasurer Mpumezo Mtypahi, Equaliser Daphne Erosi, Parent Representative Andiswa Kolanisi, Parent Lwando Mzandisi, Post-School Youth Representative Representative Representative Sean grew up in Durban and in 2002 Daphne grew up in Aliwal North graduated from UCT with a degree Mpumezo lives in Makhaza, Khayelitsha where she completed her education at Ma Andiswa supports the development Lwando attended KwaMfundo High in Business Science. He was actively with his father and two brothers. He is Malcomess Secondary. She now lives in of branches of EE parent members. She School in Khayelitsha, and joined EE in involved in Habonim Dror South Africa currently in grade 12, and in addition to Site B, Khayelitsha, and in addition to lives in Macassar, east of Khayelitsha, 2008. He has worked as a youth group for many years. After spending five years being an active equaliser and leader in being a fulltime parents organiser, she is and joined EE in 2011 when the leader, a facilitator and a leadership working for Nedbank, Sean is now a EE, he is the leader of the Christian Arts a team leader for a Prevention in Action organisation assisted her son to find a trainer. Currently, he is studying to be a manager for a financial service company and Culture Society at his school. support group. position in a local school. teacher at Cape Peninsula University of based in Cape Town. Technology (CPUT).

Thando Dyamara, Post-School Youth Phathushedzo Manwadu, Limpopo Zintle Makoba, Western Cape Mpho Moutloung, Gauteng Lovey Mthethwa, KZN Representative Representative Representative Representative Representative Lovely was born in KwaCeza, in rural Thando was born in Cape Town and Phathu grew up in Thohoyandou, Zintle was born in the Eastern Cape but Mpho grew up in Nquthu in rural KwaZulu-Natal, and matriculated at matriculated at Kensington High School. Limpopo. He is currently completing a studied Environmental and Geographical KwaZulu-Natal. After attaining a Ivungu High. He lives in Nquthu and is In 2012, he was an EE community degree in youth development through the Science and Social Anthropology at BA degree from Wits University, based at the municipality where he works leader and, since 2013, has worked as a University of Venda. Phathu has been one UCT. She joined EE in June 2009 and she returned to Nquthu to run youth for the Seriti Institute as a site manager. community librarian at Thembelihle High. of the drivers of EE in Limpopo. was a member of the ﬁrst leadership development in the community. Mpho is Thando is also an EE facilitator in the committee, before running a Kraaifontein currently based in Gauteng. Ekhaya and Eyethu areas of Khayelitsha. youth groups for two years.

Paula Ensor, Co-opted Yana van Leeve, Co-opted Peliwe Lolwana, Co-opted Zackie Achmat, Co-opted

Professor Ensor was UCT’s Dean of Yana grew up in Cape Town where she Professor Lolwana is head of the Centre Zackie become politically active in 1976. Humanities for ten years. She holds a studied a B.Soc.Sci in Sociology, Politics for Researching Education & Labour at He was imprisoned for his anti-apartheid PhD in Mathematics Education from and Gender Studies at UCT and an LLB the Wits School of Education. This was activities. He has since been key to the the University of London and has an at UWC during which she was elected previously the Wits Education Policy Unit. establishment and growth of a number extensive teaching career, in addition to Chairperson of Students for Law and Social Prior to that she was head of Umalasi, the of leading organisations, including the having participated in many education- Justice (SLSJ). She began working as an examinations authority of South Africa. National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian related projects. She is currently on a attorney for the Legal Resources Centre Equality, the Treatment Action Campaign, sabbatical, but in 2015 will return as a (LRC) in 2011, before joining EE in 2013. EE, the Social Justice Coalition, and professor to UCT’s School of Education. Ndifuna Ukwazi.

PAGE 31 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 EE StaFF

General Secretary’s Ofce:

Brad Brockman, General Secretary Doron Isaacs, Deputy General Secretary Yana van Leeve, Deputy National Coordinator Honjiswa Raba, Assistant to the Secretariat

Brad grew up in Cape Town and graduated from UCT Doron grew up in Durban and attained degrees Yana grew up in Cape Town where she studied a Honjiswa was born in Cape Town where she with a BA in History and Politics, and an Honours in Finance and Law at UCT. He has previously led B.Soc.Sci (Sociology, Politics and Gender Studies) completed a B.Soc.Sci in Political Science, Sociology degree in History. In 2010 he joined EE as a researcher, Habonim Southern Africa and Students for Law and at UCT and an LLB at UWC during which she was and Public Policy and Administration at UCT. Before before working with youth and parents. In 2012 Brad Social Justice (SLSJ). He was a founder of EE, and elected Chairperson of SLSJ. She began working as joining EE in March 2013, she interned at the was elected General Secretary. He leads all of EE’s served as Coordinator for 4½ years. Doron takes a an attorney for the Legal Resources Centre in 2011, Department of Rural Development and Land Reform. work on a day-to-day basis, with a special focus on leading role in much of EE’s work, and particularly before joining EE in 2013. building EE at grassroots level and nationally. strategy and planning. He is a board member of the EE Law Centre and Ndifuna Ukwazi. Community & Parents:

Lwando Mzandisi, Leadership Trainer Ntuthuzo Ndzomo, National Council Liaison Lumkile Zani, Head of Department Msanku Patrick Ralehoko, Parent Members Officer Trainer Lwando is working with the EE Leadership Committee Lumkile grew up in Alice, Dimbaza, Zwelitsha and which is made up of representatives from all EE member Ntuthuzo joined EE in 2008. After working as a East London. He matriculated from KwaMfundo High Patrick lives in Site B, Khayelitsha. He matriculated schools. He attended KwaMfundo High School in facilitator for the grade 10 youth group in 2010, he School in Khayelitsha and then went on to study photo- from Joe Slovo High School in 1997, and then went Khayelitsha, and joined EE in 2008. Having previously started a new youth group in Mitchells Plain in 2011. journalism for a year. Lumkile then became a qualified on to study a few short courses at Cape College. worked as a youth group leader, a facilitator and a Currently, he is responsible for training the community chef, before joining EE in 2008. He currently serves as Msanku joined EE in 2012, and his current role is to leadership trainer, in 2014 Lwando took up his current leadership group, in addition to his duties as Deputy the Head of the Community and Parents Department. organise and train EE’s parent members. position in the General Secretary’s Office. Chairperson of EE. Ntuthuzo is studying towards a BA degree, majoring in history and politics, at UCT.

Andiswa Kolanisi, Parent Organiser Wiseman Mzwendoda Dingani, Parent Organiser Pamella Bangani, Parent Organiser Daphne Erosi, Parent Organiser

Ma Andiswa supports the development of branches Wiseman was born in the Eastern Cape in 1961, and Pamella is originally from Lady Freire in the Eastern Daphne grew up in Aliwal North where she completed of EE parent members. She lives in Macassar, east joined EE as a parent organiser in 2012. In addition to Cape but now lives in Site B, Khayelitsha. She has two her education at Malcomess Secondary. She now of Khayelitsha, and joined EE in 2011 when the his work at EE, Wiseman is also an active community children, one of whom attends school in Lady Freire, lives in Site B, Khayelitsha, and in addition to being organisation assisted her son to ﬁnd a position in a stakeholder and leader in SANCO. the other in Khayelitsha. Pamella joined EE in 2011. a fulltime parents organiser and team leader for local school. a Prevention in Action support group, she is the parents’ representative on EE’s National Council. Youth:

Goodwill Yakelo, Parent Organiser Ntshadi Mofokeng, Head of Department Nolubabalo Mgogoshe, Youth and Membership Gilbert Pindano, Youth Organiser Organiser Goodwill is originally from East London but attended In 2013, Ntshadi returned to South Africa, having Gilbert supports all heads of youth groups and their Luhlaza High School in Khayelitsha and later the completed a BA in Political Science at Bryn Mawr Nolubabalo was born in Cape Town. She studied facilitators across the Western Cape. After growing College of Cape Town where he studied electrical College in the United States. Having previously interned Social Anthropology and Political Science at UCT, and up in Kadoma, Zimbabwe, he attained a BA in History engineering. Goodwill is the youngest member of the at EE in 2011, she joined the Youth Department as a has been an active member of EE since early 2013. and Development Studies from Midlands State Parents Department. youth organiser, before becoming its head. Nolubabalo is responsible for planning youth group University, before completing a Masters in Human meetings and organising EE’s membership system. Rights Law at UCT.

PAGE 32 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Kgothatso Mabunda, Junior Youth Organiser Luyolo Mazwembe, Junior Youth Organiser Nkululeko Pote, Junior Youth Organiser Ntosh Mkonto, Junior Youth Organiser

Kgothatso is originally from Pretoria but studied a BA Luyolo joined EE in 2008 while in grade 11. In 2010 he Nkuleleko joined EE in 2009. He is from Harare Ntosh grew up in Cape Town, matriculated from in Psychology at UWC. She joined EE as a facilitator began facilitating youth groups in Kraaifontein, before in Khayelitsha and attended Kwamfundo Senior Wynberg High School in 2010 and is currently in 2012, and went on to become a junior youth becoming one of EE’s original librarians in 2012. In Secondary. He began working as a CL in 2012 before studying Public Relations at CPUT. She joined EE in organiser in early 2014. 2013, he became at CL and is now a junior organiser becoming a junior youth organiser in early 2014. 2009, became chairperson of the equalisers in 2010, and fulltime staff member. and sat on the EE board. Having interned in the PCR department and worked as a facilitator with Youth, she is now a junior youth organiser.

Policy, Comms and Research (PCR):

Dana Nickson, Youth Department Intern Phiwo George, Amazwi Wethu Facilitator Kirsten Colquhuon, Tertiary Academic Support Yoliswa Dwane, Head of Department

Dana is from Allen, Texas in the United States and she Phiwo was born in the Eastern Cape but now lives Kirsten is from Cape Town. She holds a Masters Yoliswa grew up in Dimbaza township in the Eastern studied African American Studies and Anthropology in Mfuleni. He joined EE in 2013, having had three degree in English and Applied Linguistics from the Cape, and matriculated in King William’s Town. At at Northwestern University. As the 2013-14 Princeton years of media experience at Cape Town Television. University of Cambridge, and has been an English UCT she completed a degree in Media, Film and in Africa Fellow, Dana assists with the youth In his role as an Amazwi Wethu facilitator, Phiwo teacher for almost ten years. At EE Kirsten assists Visual Studies and an LLB. Yoliswa is a founding department’s logistical and administrative tasks. coordinates EE’s youth documentary ﬁlm workshops. grade 12, staff and parent members who wish to member of EE and current Chairperson. She also leads further their education. EE’s research, media engagement, law reform work and oversees publications.

Campaigns:

Hopolang Selebalo, Parliamentary Ofﬁcer Nombulelo Nyathela, Communications Ofﬁcer Zenande Booi, Researcher Nishal Robb, Head of Department

Hopolang studied politics and drama at Rhodes Nombulelo studied Law at Wits, and later political Zenanade was born in Mthatha, and graduated Nishal grew up in Johannesburg and moved to Cape University. She has since worked for the Centre for economy at the Thabo Mbeki Leadership Institute. with an LLB from UCT in 2011. She joined EE in Town in 2010 to study a B.Soc.Sci (PPE) and a BA Conflict Resolution and the Institute for Security In July 2013 she joined EE’s Gauteng branch as 2014, having clerked at the Constitutional Court (Hons) in Economic History at UCT. He was previously Studies. Having joined at the end of 2012, Hopolang operations manager before becoming spokesperson under Deputy Chief Justice Dikgang Moseneke and involved in running various youth groups in Mitchells is responsible for monitoring the Department of Basic and media officer at the head office in Khayelitsha. having worked as a legal researcher for Ndifuna Plain and Site B, and co-facilitated a Political Education’s performance in Parliament. Ukwazi. Zenande works closely with EE’s Youth and Education module as part of EE’s CL programme. Community Departments, providing research support and developing content for youth groups. National Organising:

Thoko Qalanto, Campaigns Organiser Sithembile Dantile, Junior Campaigns Organiser Vuyisa Mbayi, Junior Campaigns Organiser Samuel Shapiro, National Organiser

Thoko was born in Khayelitsha and has been a Sithembile is from Makhaza in Khayelitsha. He joined Originally from King William’s Town, Vuyisa attended Sam grew up in Johannesburg, and attained an member of EE since 2009. She matriculated in 2013 EE in 2011 as an equaliser in grade 12 at Chris Hani Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. He is one honours degree in politics and philosophy from Rhodes before completing a course in ofﬁce administration High. The following year he became a CL, and in early of EE’s newest employees, having joined as junior University. He joined EE at the beginning of 2012 as a at False Bay College. A long-time EE member, Thoko 2014 moved to the campaigns department where he campaigns organiser in March 2014. researcher. Since then, he has worked as a community now works full-time as a campaign organiser. now works fulltime as junior organiser. organiser and is currently travelling around the country in his capacity as the national organiser.

PAGE 33 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Gauteng ofce:

Charity Sebopela, Junior Organiser (National Tsepho Motsepe, Co-head EE Gauteng Adam Bradlow, Co-head EE Gauteng Lerato Mohlabi, Senior Administrator Coordination) Tshepo is a qualified teacher. He studied at WITS Adam completed his undergraduate studies at Lerato Mohlabi was born in Johannesburg. She has a Charity is from Tembisa in Gauteng where she University where he was a leader in the South Princeton University. Before joining EE he worked qualification in Project Management from UNISA and attended Ingqayizivele High. She joined EE in 2011 African Student Congress (SASCO), Wits University for Dalberg and volunteered at the Legal Resources has previously worked for the Catholic Relief Services as an equaliser, before becoming a facilitator in 2013 SRC Member 2008/9 and Johannesburg Regional Centre. Together with Tshepo, Adam is responsible for as a project officer coordinating privately-funded HIV/ and a junior organiser in early 2014. Charity assists Secretary of SASCO. Along with Adam, Tsepho is building and strengthening EE’s foothold in Gauteng. AIDS projects. Lerato is responsible for managing the Sam in coordinating youth membership on a national responsible for building and strengthening EE’s office’s logistics and daily finances. level. Her dream is to study Social Work in 2015. presence in Gauteng.

Finance & Fundraising:

Yoni Bass, Chief Financial Officer Khalied Ismail, Finance Officer Cilia Ngubo, Financial Administrator Aphiwe Mangxola, Junior Financial Administrator Yoni was born and grew up in Durban. He graduated Khalied joined EE in February 2013. He matriculated Cilia was born in Mount Fletcher in the Eastern Cape. with a law degree in 2009, and spent 2010 working from Oaklands High in 1986, and has previously She grew up in Cape Town and attended Sinako Aphiwe attended school in the Eastern Cape. In 2009 for the Social Justice Coalition (SJC). At the beginning worked in financial management for various other Secondary School. She is very active in her community she obtained a certificate in end-user computing from of 2011, Yoni joined EE to work on fundraising non-governmental organisations. and, having prepared the Friday staff lunch a few years Walter Sisulu University, before completing a B.Com in and development. Currently, he is responsible for ago, Cilia then became involved in EE’s administration General Economics at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan overseeing both EE’s fundraising and finance. and finance. Currently, she works as a bookkeeper. University. Since November 2013, Aphiwe has been responsible for EE’s petty cash and assets register. She is also an active parents branch member. Operations, Admin & Logistics:

Unathi Lasiti, Fundraiser Jess Lewis, Fundraiser Michelle Adler, Operations Manager Lyndal Pottier, Organisational Development Ofﬁcer Unathi was born in the Eastern Cape and grew up Jess grew up in Durban but obtained her B.Soc.Sci Michelle grew up in Johannesburg and holds a in Khayelitsha. He studied a degree in Public Policy, (Politics, Psychology and Sociology) from UCT before B.Com from Wits University where she completed Lyndal supports the various departments at EE, taking Administration and Industrial Psychology at UCT, completing her Honours in Psychology with UNISA. In her Honours in Business Economics. Michelle then on special projects and supports staff development. specializing in Commercial Law. Unathi joined EE in 2012 Jess completed a Trauma Counselling internship moved to Cape Town after working in London and She has experience of the NGO sector through her work early 2013. He builds EE’s individual funding base of at the Trauma Clinic and Harold Cressy High School. Johannesburg. She is responsible for overseeing at the Disaster Mitigation for Sustainable Livelihoods monthly donors. In 2012, she joined EE to take up her current role of administration, human resources and internal Programme. She has a BSc Hons in Environmental working with institutional funders. organisation development. Science and a Masters in Adult Education from UCT. She grew up in Lansdowne, Cape Town.

Nokubonga Yawa, Partner Liaison Ofﬁcer Phumza Mhlungwini, Ofﬁce Administrator Nosivuyile Silwanyana, Receptionist Busi Putela, Gardener

Prior to working at EE, Nokubonga was a TAC activist, Phumza grew up in Paarl but attended school in Nosivuyile was born in Coﬁmvaba in the Eastern Busi is originally from the Eastern Cape and moved to a TV show host on the Siyanqoba Beat It show about Khayelitsha. She completed a home-based care Cape. In 1984 she and her mother moved to the Cape Town in 1992. A mother of two boys, she lives HIV/AIDS, and a journalist for the GroundUp news course, and then began volunteering at EE in 2010. Western Cape. Until March 2013, when she joined EE, with her family in Delft. Busi began working for EE in website. Currently, she works part-time as a presenter Phumza’s responsibilities include running EE’s Nosivuyile worked as a domestic worker and later as early 2013. on Radio Zibonele in Khayelitsha. Nokubonga has reception, phones and ofﬁce supplies, as well as a cleaner in a Department of Health forensics unit. been involved with EE since its founding in 2008. managing security, cleaning and general logistics.

PAGE 34 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 Community Leadership Year Western Cape:

Noma-Afrika Sombo, Housekeeping Mlawuli Malima, Security Guard Zukisa Mngeni, Security Guard Asanda Payi

Noma-Afrika was born in Thokoza, Johannesburg, Mlawuli grew up in Alice in the Eastern Cape, and Zukisa is from Site C in Khayelitsha. He attended Asanda joined EE in 2011, beginning as a facilitator in and moved to Cape Town in 2009. She has been was educated at Gcoto Senior Secondary School. He Matthew Goniwe High School and began working for Kraaifontein. She is from Khayelitsha and completed working for EE since 2008. Noma-Afrika ensures that currently lives in Kuyasa, Khayelitsha. EE in July 2013. a BA in Psychology and Gender Studies at UWC. the EE ofﬁce is a welcoming and productive working Asanda has been a CL since early 2013. environment.

Banele Poni Nixole Mongameli Nomandla Mdludlu Relebohile Mojakisane

Banele joined EE in 2010 while attending Bulumko Nixole joined EE in 2009. Now in her second year Nomandla lives in Bongweni in Khayelitsha, and In 2011, Relebohile matriculated from Ikamvalethu Secondary. In 2011 he was elected to participate as a CL, she works with equalisers at Esangweni, matriculated from Wynberg High. Having joined EE High School in Langa. He lives in Kraaifontein, and in the leadership committee before going on to join Kwamfundo and Siphamandla High Schools in Litha as an equaliser in 2010, she began her work as a CL joined EE in early 2013 before becoming a CL in 2014. the CL program. He is also one of Amazwi Wethu’s Park, Khayelitsha. this year. trainee photographers.

Community Leadership Year Gauteng:

Xhamla Hobo Sthimbela Tonga Sizwe Mapapu Tracey Malawana

Xhamla lives in Litha Park in Khayelitsha. She Sthimbela is from Strand. He joined EE in 2008 Sizwe is originally from East London. He joined EE in Tracey was born and bred in Gauteng. She attended matriculated from Wynberg Secondary in 2013, after participating in a march for school libraries. March 2013 and has been a CL ever since. Masisebenze Comprehensive, and served as a having joined EE as an equaliser in 2009. Xhamla was Sthimbela matriculated from Simanyene High School chairperson of Tembisa peer supporters and the LRC a member of EE’s leadership committee in 2010 and in 2012, and is now responsible for the youth groups president at school. Tracey joined EE in 2011, initially 2011, before joining the CLs in 2014. at his old school and Khanyolwethu High. as an equaliser. As a CL, she currently works with ﬁve Tembisa schools.

Sﬁso Mollo Freddy Mathekga Lerato Morotolo Kholwani Simelani

Sfiso was born in Tembisa and attended Jiyana High. Freddy lives in Tembisa. In 2013, he joined EE and Lerato attended Ingqayizivele High and joined EE as an Kholwani lives in Kwa-Thema in the East Rand. He He joined EE as a facilitator in 2013 and is now facilitated a youth group at his old school Thuto- equaliser in late 2010. In 2013 she began working as matriculated from South View High in 2012 before responsible for four schools in Tembisa. Sfiso also ke-Maatla. As a CL, Freddy is now responsible for a facilitator in Zitikeni. Since January 2014, she has joining EE in November 2013. Kholwani is currently assists with EE’s day-to-day finances. working with all new EE member schools in Daveyton, been a CL, responsible for five Tembisa schools. Lerato working with a team of facilitators in Kwa-Thema. in addition to assisting with finances. has also written for the EE’s Equalizer magazine.

PAGE 35 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 tHE bookERy & libRaRianS

Established by EE in 2010, the When processing such huge volumes of donations, Leslie Byram, Books Editor at the Cape Times; the Bookery relies not only on its small permanent Sean Farrell, Director at Seed Investments; Bookery is a vibrant book depot staff but also on its dedicated team of volunteers. In Belinda van der Vyver, Director at Walkers Attorneys. 2013, as part of an on-going partnership with Kehl or ‘library factory’. In just four University in Germany, two groups of students each years it has already opened spent three months interning at the Bookery. The LiBrAriES OPENED iN 2013: monthly ‘coverathons’ advertised by the Cape Times, SCHOOL DATE OPENED & DONOR \ PARTNER also bring in dozens of additional willing helpers from 32 school libraries across Mitchell Heights Primary, 15 February across Cape Town. the greater Cape Town area. Tafelsig In 2013, nine libraries were Creating a well-stocked library, however, is not enough. Hector Peterson Secondary, 6 March A key part of ensuring that all of the Bookery’s libraries Kraaifontein opened, which brought over are fully functional is the provision of a dedicated, full- Facreton Primary, 11 March - Kate Cumberland (UK) time librarian. Since 2012, EE has been training and Maitland 17,000 suitable, catalogued employing young librarians to provide this support. The Alicedale Primary, 23 April (Word Book Day) books to approximately 5,500 Bookery currently employs 18 librarians servicing some Athlone of the libraries it has opened. Intshayelelo Primary, 3 June - Schools Improvement disadvantaged learners. Khayelitsha Initiative (UCT) During October 2013 the Bookery became an Westridge Secondary, 11 September - Open Book Festival independent legal entity. It has its own board, Schools with a suitable space to house a library Westridge approach the Bookery and, during the collection and fnances and premises. Makupula High, 4 October - Fulbright Scholarship sorting processes, they play an active role in deciding Kayamandi Teacher Assistants which books end up on the shelves. THE BOOkErY STAFF: Cosmas Mabeya, Executive Project Manager; Joe Slovo Secondary, 26 November - Nedbank The process begins with book and monetary Nobesuthu Faku, Bookery Administrator; Khayelitsha donations, from individuals and organisations. Jonny Wilkinson, Project Development Offcer. Searidge Park Primary, 28 November - St Cyprians School The Bookery team then sorts, labels, covers and Tafelsig catalogues the collection. The Bookery estimates that, THE BOOkErY BOArD: by now, more than 200,000 books have been donated Alide Dasnois, former editor of the Cape Times; As of January 2014, The Bookery has relocated to by the public. Over recent years, donations have Professor Genevieve Hart, head of library science at new premises, just around the corner from the Equal been boosted by corporate partnerships and overseas the University of the Western Cape; Education Law Centre (EELC), at: initiatives such as the ton of (precisely 12,053) covered Yoni Bass, Chief Financial Offcer at Equal Education; Ground Floor, Plein Park, 79 Plein Street, Cape Town. and catalogued books that, in January 2014, arrived Ntshadi Mofokeng, Head of Youth Department, Equal Telephone: +27 (0) 21 461 4189 by ship from The Old Barn, the Bookery’s ‘Scottish Education; branch’ in Glasgow. Lwando Mzandisi, Equal Education National Council Member ;

(BACK ROW L-R) Unathi Zengezi, Ovayo Wotshela, Sive Njoli, Anele Nxawe, Portia Nyokana, Martine Parkinson, Sam August. (FRONT ROW L-R) Lunathi Mahobe (coordinator), Ngawethu Bokuva, Nozuko Nongongo, Lepele Mechana, Portia Spara, Chumani Ndabambi, Thando Dyamara, Yolanda Kolebele, Hayley-Ann Powell. Absent: Sbu Nkosi, Malibongwa Jara and Lwando Mboniso. Image by Emma-Louise Neville.

PAGE 36 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 FaREWEll, Madiba

On 5 December 2013, EE joined Madiba united not only South Africa but the world. He taught us that forgiveness and reconciliation are billions around the world in far more powerful than punishment and revenge. And “Education saluting one of the greatest for these and many other reasons, his death inspired a global, weeks-long outpouring of appreciation and is the most ever leaders of liberation his life has left us with a legacy that will never be forgotten. and social justice: Nelson powerful As a mass movement of mainly working-class South Rolihlahla Mandela. African youth, EE is striving to affrm the democratic breakthrough achieved by Madiba and his comrades. weapon which The negotiated settlement, as embodied in the Constitution, is the basis upon which South Africans must continue the struggle for freedom and equality. you can use There is a long way to go.

In honour of the father of our democracy, and in the to change the belief that someday every one of us truly can be equal, EE pledges to continue playing its part in this, the struggle that has bridged every generation. world”

Farewell, Tata Madiba.

Image by Trevor Samson

PAGE 37 Equal Education Annual Report 2013 EQUAL EDUCATION EQUAL EDUCATION LAW CENTRE (SISTER ORG) Registered S18A(1) Public Beneﬁt Organisation (PBO) OFFICE: 1st Floor, 6 Spin Street, Cape Town (Exemption Number 930 027 221) TELEPHONE: 021 461 1421 Registered Non-Proﬁt Organisation (NPO) E-MAIL: [email protected] (Registration Number 068-288-NPO) www.equaleducation.org.za THE BOOKERY (SISTER ORG) HEAD OFFICE PHYSICAL: Ground Floor, Plein Park, POSTAL: PO Box 40114, Elonwabeni, 7791 79 Plein Street, Cape Town, 8001 PHYSICAL: Washington Square, Capital Drive, TELEPHONE: 021 461 4189 Thembokwezi, Khayelitsha E-MAIL: [email protected] TELEPHONE: 021 387 0022 E-MAIL: [email protected]

GAUTENG OFFICE POSTAL & PHYSICAL: Office 706A, Royal Place, Cnr Kerk & Eloff Streets, Johannesburg, 2001 TELEPHONE: 011 026 6225 E-MAIL: [email protected] 29 November 2013 11 July 2013 Victory: The Minister Looking Back on the StruggLe publishes final and binding Court Order: Norms and Standards for EE, represented by the LRC, School Infrastructure. EE obtains an order-by-consent celebrates this historic from the Bhisho High Court, day, the result of over creating a new binding three years of sustained timeframe. Unlike with campaigning by tens of 23 JUNE 2013 the previous out-of-court thousands of members and A delegation of settlement the Minister is supporters across South for normS & StandardS for 8 EE members now bound by a court order. 17 June Africa. The final text is attends a lengthy The order states that a new 2013 and frank meeting not perfect, but much with Minister draft must be published for improved. Motshekga, public comment no later Youth Day Deputy Minister 11 JUNE 2013 Marches: EE Enver Surty and 6 than 12 September 2013, and holds Youth education MECs. that it must be promulgated At the Bhisho High The timeline for by 30 November 2013. Court, EE files a Day marches finalising Norms supplementary 31 MARCH 2013 for Norms and and Standards is 21–29 SEPTEMBER 2013 10 January affidavit to not resolved. 11 OCTOBER 2013 SchooL infraStructure re-open the case Standards in EE makes its In response to the second 25 JUNE 2011 against Minister Based on the hearings, 2011 21 March submission on the Draft Cape Town draft, EE holds a second 8 APRIL 2011 Motshekga. While EE and the EELC file Minister Motshekga N&S. An appendix and Pretoria, round of public hearings in 2012 the Minister’s a joint submission on EE’s Campaign speaks in Khayelitsha 16 November 2012 draws on over 500 KZN, Limpopo, Gauteng, The DBE makes a spokesperson where the new draft N&S, for School at the opening of the written and spoken the Western Cape and the A timeline of the campaign’s major events presentation to EE Human Rights describes raising concerns People’s Summit for 22 NOVEMBER 2011 8 MARCH 2012 Settlement: Minister testimonies collected thousands Eastern Cape. Libraries stating: “The draft EE’s action about its timeframes Quality Education, a Day March: 13 & 15 NOV 2012 through the public 18 JUNE 2013 Norms and Standards Motshekga agrees to as “unnecessary” attend. and accountability broadens into four-day conference EE visits schools in EE announces its hearings. The EE Law 24 –26 April were approved by CEM 2,000 equalisers EE’s heads of Judge Dukada measures. hosted by EE. She says seven provinces, court case at a binding Minimum Norms Centre plays a major 15 MAY 2013 EE holds a picket for Norms a national and the Minister of 2013 declares the 29 SEPTEMBER 2010 press conference march through argument are filed. and Standards outside the Basic Education and that her hands are documenting their and Standards for School role in the drafting 24 SEPTEMBER 2013 Campaign 3 AUGUST 2011 14 AUGUST 2012 Two days later, the On behalf of EE matter to be 17 FEBRUARY 2011 being tied by MECs infrastructure in Cape Town. Khayelitsha 13 SEPTEMBER 2012 of EE’s submission Bhisho High Court. received concurrence Minister files her Infrastructure. According Solidarity Visit: the LRC writes urgent and sets EE sends 650 ‘yellow for Minimum opposed to the Norms emergencies. Over Learners, parents, and the appendix. On Heritage Day, EE from the Minister of EE reluctantly turns to for norms and EE Chairperson heads of argument. to the Minister down a hearing for 20 JULY 2010 card’ postcards and a Outside Parliament, 12 MAY 2011 and Standards. “Unless 20 affidavits from principals, and The Bhisho High Court to the out-of-court Other organisations EE and Archbishop EE asks the Minister to holds a march for Norms and Finance during 2008/09 legal action and, on its Yoliswa Dwane files offering a one- 11 July 2013. public letter signed by EE Khayelitsha’s I get concurrence,” principals, learners, attorney Cameron standards. accepts supporting make submissions Thabo Makgoba distance herself from a racist N&S and equality in Director General financial year. The behalf, the LRC sends 11 MAY 2012 EE’s replying affidavit. EE Releases its settlement these must month extension 100 global education Standards grade 11 and 12 youth Over 1,300 mothers of she states, “I am not, teachers and parents McConnachie affidavits from amici including Section27, statement released by the 12 September education, attended by Bobby Soobrayan Norms and Standards a letter of demand to Hundreds of It shows that the ‘Build the Future’ lead a delegation until 15 June, leaders to President groups set up a ‘school EE members write to from the LRC, curiae (‘friends of the be published for public DBE in her name. One extract for School were then translated by law, able to move.” are collected, and the Desmond 16 JUNE 2013 1,000 parent members writes to EE Minister Motshekga, Minister Motshekga. equalisers send Minister Minister’s argument video, a graphical on the condition Jacob Zuma, Deputy classroom’, complete However, the law describing the impact describe the dire court’), the Social comment by 15 January Tutu HIV Centre which of eminent South reads: “It is interesting to 2013 in Khayelitsha. confirming that Infrastructure. into regulations and It says that if she does 10 JANUARY 2012 Motshekga 9 – 11 JULY 2012 against implementing portrayal of the that she signs President Kgalema with desks and chairs, urging her to adopt requires no agreement of a lack of adequate state of schools smses to the Justice Coalition (SJC) emphasises the role of Africans on a In Johannesburg note the sudden interest ‘the Minister must were presented to the not publish N&S EE will fails to meet N&S was based on school infrastructure 2013, before being an addendum Motlanthe, Minister in To this end, mass to create awareness for the N&S. from the MECs. classrooms, toilets in various parts and Archbishop Thabo school infrastructure and Durban the that Equal Education is Minister 9 JUNE 2010 develop national 3 SEPTEMBER State Law Adviser for launch an application in The Equal Education Director General. the extended EE’s First National a misunderstanding crisis. solidarity visit to to the original the Presidency Trevor the hundreds of mud and security. The of the country. Makgoba, with the promulgated by in protecting learners Southern African taking in the education of Motshekga’s Second 2010 mobilisation comments.” the High Court. Law Centre (EELC) deadline for Congress is held at of the nature of the minimum norms Manuel, Minister of schools in South Africa. settlement, Youth Inter-Council the African child. Suddenly LRC collects similar opens its doors in Spin the University of assistance of the EELC. 15 May 2013. from tuberculosis and some of the Eastern Night-vigil at UCT, and standards Basic Education Angie begins. her answering constitutional right to a agreeing to the Draft: The Minister 27 MARCH 2010 In Parliament evidence in the respiratory diseases. Action Network the NGO knows all about which included . . . by the end of Street, Cape Town. affidavit. Later, Johannesburg. The basic education. 25 OCTOBER Cape’s most ill- new deadline. the Minister Motshekga, and Finance 14 JUNE 2011 Eastern Cape. (SAY-I-CAN) the challenges that African complies with the a sleep-over in the 2010/2011 8 MAY 2011 the state attorney National Council 2012 equipped schools. In Pretoria- reiterates that Minister Pravin Gordhan. 4 FEBRUARY 2011 17 OCTOBER 2012 26 FEBRUARY 2013 marches in children face against the Rondebosch, and financial year’, 21 March 12-14 JULY 2011 requests a fourth is elected, a new Bhisho High Court’s Tshwane, 1,000 the NPEP “will At a press 12 MARCH 2012 25 SEPTEMBER 2012 solidarity with EE privileges they have enjoyed an evocative, The Minister extension, until interim Constitution In its Mid-Term and that the norms Equalisers march 17 MAY 2013 . . . To suddenly see a group order, producing EE supporters be followed Government signs 2011 conference Equalisers camp Budget Policy On the eve of Finance for Minimum Norms 1 MAY 2010 interactive activity and standards writes to EE 24 May 2012, but is adopted, and the through Kraaifontein march to the Union by the Norms 1 DECEMBER 2010 a settlement the Minister EE embarks on ‘10 days EE runs a ‘virtual picket’ Minister Pravin and Standards. of white adults organising her second draft about the Irish stating that once and hold a 13 NOVEMBER 2011 29 February EE refuses. Congress concludes Statement, “are currently with 10 OCTOBER 2011 of action’ in schools 30 AUGUST 2012 in which hundreds of its wearing masks Minister black African children with Buildings for Page 29 of The and Standards agreement with Human Rights says: “There candlelight vigil the Treasury Gordhan’s budget hunger-striker the DBE Legal the N&S are with a powerful depicting Minister Motshekga writes of the Norms and school libraries. DBE’s Annual for School EE members visit 7 Eastern Cape is no crisis” In Parliament, the 2012 across South Africa. members send photos 1 FEBRUARY speech, EE holds half-truths can only be Bobby Sands. This Day March: approved they outside the gates The Minister responds resolution. EE launches ‘Fix announces that, Services and will Learners mobilise with messages to Angie Motshekga, 2013 to EE, rejecting opportunistic, patronizing Standards for public The Presidency Report for Infrastructure.” Eastern Cape mud mud schools in education. of Parliament for Minister claims: 17 APRIL 2012 owing to the a picket outside was preparation be promulgated EE leads “will be published to EE stating that the our Schools: An in order to hold the extension and had attempted 2009/2010 schools, inviting and the Legal Deputy “These guidelines The case is before and after school, Minister Motshekga. In Parliament, drawing 14 MAY 2013 and simply dishonest to say for the 24-hour for public comment two nights. On the Act “does not compel” Exhibition’ at the DBE’s under- comment. The draft as regulations and during break-times, 12 JULY 2012 addition, hundreds fax her personally Equal stating that “6 the least.” to prevent the reads: “The 13 OCTOBER 2010 some of the schools’ Resources Centre a march Minister Enver second night the are in the process of Minister Motshekga expenditure, attention to the DBE’s fast which ran thereafter”. and then follow her to pass regulations launched: EE, 28 JUNE 2012 Central Methodist accountable. Education months would be is an improvement demonstration Regulations learners to attend (LRC), creating the Surty says the being converted into calling for N&S through files her notice or email the Minister. under-expenditure. The Minister’s from 6pm 29 July of 20,000 the subsequent police threaten for N&S, and that she Church in Cape it will be represented by plays, petitions, clean- EE delegates, celebrates its 9 MAY 2013 a more realistic EE points out that 17 from taking in terms of In a presentation the EE summer camp, Accelerated Schools court case is arrests, but relent. regulations [for N&S].” to oppose EE’s re-allocating letter with its but still a 25 SEPTEMBER until 6pm 30 July. learners and necessary will be adopting non- Equalisers observers and Town, showing the fifth birthday. timeframe”. place by issuing Section 5A of 30 JULY 2010 to Parliament’s which they do. Infrastructure being used to ups and door-to-door court case. All extension request of the 20 people on its processes.” binding “guidelines”. the LRC, files an picket outside 5 JULY 2012 reality of South R7.2 billion Less than a dissapointment. 2009 supporters to campaigning. supporters march democratically elected a directive to the Schools Portfolio Committee Delivery Initiative “sensationalise nine provincial from the ASIDI is put to EE’s After years of public application in of Parliament through Tembisa, Africa’s education week before the police to disallow Act (Norms and 5,000 people take on Basic Education, (ASIDI) of R8.2 the gates of the issue”. education MECs Deputy Director membership. In a National Council, which In Parliament 11 JUNE 2010 and parliamentary insisting system. grant to other deadline for final part in a 24-hour Gauteng. They call includes learners, are marches to the Standards) was DG Soobrayan states: billion. Parliament. the Bhisho High and the Minister of General departments. 14 FEBRUARY 2013 non-binding poll, 13 NOVEMBER 2008 Minister statements and letters Minister for the immediate promulgation of Union Buildings. drafted. A plan Minister fast to bring “The Minister of Finance thereafter Padayachee 3 – 20 March the majority of EE’s black, and that its General Motshekga states They demand to EE, this is the first Court against Motshekga files finalisation of the N&S, Minister However, after to process and Motshekga down the price of Finance concurred file notices finally deposes In his State of the membership votes Secretary, Chairperson, EE wins its first 11 SEPTEMBER that the norms that the time the Minister states the Minister, all her answering binding norms and 9 January 2013 2013 Motshekga writes EE commenced finalise these publishes the books for school on … the Norms and indicating that they the answering Nation address, against it. The next Deputy Chairpersons, and the campaign, to fix 500 2009 and standards 26 FEBRUARY 2010 her unwillingness to affidavit. standards, and for to EE to request a 1 February legal proceedings regulations is NPEP which libraries. Standards for School Minister nine MECs for will not oppose the affidavit on President Jacob Zuma day EE’s National majority of its management, broken windows at are “approved by adopt N&S. the President to Minister Motshekga’s Public Hearings: 6-month extension. 15 November (represented by underway.” 9 MAY 2010 strategically Infrastructure.” court case. the Minister’s makes the pledge that: Council decides to are black. Having no answer A MILESTONE IN THE STRUGGLE Luhlaza High School In Parliament, both the Council Answering a question and the DBE Education and appoint a Judicial She writes: “. . . 2008 Section27) and identifies the behalf. It fails to First Draft: As per the “With regard to social To seek input offer just a one- to EE’s valid demands, the 1996 in Khayelitsha. At Minister for Education in Parliament, the comply with the Minister Commission of from the comments FOR QUALITY EDUCATION FOR ALL raised a public The Minister development of address any of infrastructure, a total on the Draft month extension, Minister had resorted to a public meeting at Motshekga Ministers and the Minister states that Inquiry into the settlement agreement, received . . . EE Founded: EE outcry, the march writes to EE N&S as a “first- the NPEP of Finance to EE’s substantive of 98 new schools will to prevent the a factually incorrect racist Desmond Tutu Hall in claims: “We have Head of Education the N&S exist and tendering of Minister Motshekga N&S, EE holds 5 stakeholders object On 3 December 2013, EE releases The South African went ahead. stating that priority” to be by adopting points. have been built by the Minister from attack. There is wide public begins its work Makhaza, Khayelitsha, developed norms Committee” and that “they will be prescribe national to the fact that Schools Act is the soon-to- “developed and textbooks and publishes her first end of March 2013, of public hearings being able, in outrage at the Minister’s a press statement which includes in Khayelitsha. MEC Gabru announces and standards “are awaiting the implemented with 30 MARCH norms and workbooks. the norms and 3 JULY 2009 be-published fully adopted minimum which more than 40 court, to paint EE obviously untrue comments. the following: passed promoting that the windows that commit concurrence of effect from the 2010 2010 standards Draft N&S. The public in Limpopo with standards lack Initially, the NPEP will be by the end of are in the Eastern Cape as unreasonable, Her statement backfires on would be fixed and that government the Minister of financial year”. uniform norms substance and access, quality 14 DECEMBER 2006 11 MAY 2009 EE begins the Campaign followed by the 2010/11 before 1 April. are invited to submit that are replacing mud (Section27), and thereby win her badly. focus was R671,000 would be to providing Finance”. In Polokwane, certainty, and that “Motshekga’s announcement for School Libraries. Only minimum norms financial year”, and standards schools.” EE responds the six months she and democratic invested in the school. school buildings 500 equalisers their comments on Gauteng, shows democratic South Africa The first meeting of to study the and standards A memorandum handed there is no clear Angie Motshekga 7% of South African 21 March march to the meaning the end for school by pointing out that in wants. governance, the Applied Education Other campaigns of a particular over to the government the regulations until KwaZulu-Natal, framework or plan succeeds Naledi public schools have for school of March 2011. the two previous years at its best – because it reminds us education system follow: on late-coming, standard.” DBE office infrastructure. for implementing irrespective Research Organisation Pandor as Minister functional libraries. 1 DECEMBER 19 MARCH 2010 infrastructure. reads: “Once norms 31 March 2013. The the DBE had succeeded the Western that citizens bring change, that and prepare a vacant teaching posts, for school the norms and (AERO), which of Basic Education. 2009 2010 and standards are in in replacing only 10 of race, across textbooks, school libraries. Draft is a major Cape and the standards.” non-violent struggle works, that later became Equal programme to Human place, every school and mud schools. management and the country’s Education (EE), is held An updated In Port community will be able dissapointment. Eastern Cape. the Constitution can be a tool organise and governance. Elizabeth, EE Rights Day at Zackie Achmat’s 20 AUGUST 2009 22 SEPTEMBER Draft N&S to use them to hold for equality and social justice, schooling system. 12 MAY 2009 home in Cape Town. mobilise young 2009 is circulated supporters march: In circuits, districts and and that our government can, Equalisers march internally in the march to the provinces accountable people. Building support for Cape Town, eventually, listen and do the right through Kraaifontein 3,000 equalisers Department of DBE office to deliver. Minister EE in Khayelitsha, 10,000 for 4km, ending at march from Salt Basic Education demanding Motshekga has said thing. 4 FEBRUARY 1997 21 NOVEMBER 2008 equalisers march the Bloekombos River High to the (DBE). It states school people that communities must 22 DECEMBER 2007 through the 24 APRIL 2008 Cape Town City libraries. We are extremely pleased to be South Africa’s new The Draft National Policy Community Hall. that: “These be the ‘eyes and ears’ township, ending at Hall demanding a march to Constitution comes Parliament amends for an Equitable Provision The gathering norms will be of education delivery; walking forward with Minister EE holds its first Youth Desmond Tutu Hall. national policy on Parliament into effect. In Section the South African of an Enabling School was addressed by fully adopted these norms and Motshekga. We are here after Group meeting. Over school libraries. 29(1)(a) it is declared Schools Act by Physical Teaching and author Thembelani by the end of for school standards will be a the years this weekly three years of sustained activism, that “everyone has introducing Sections Learning Environment Ngenelwam. the 2009/2010 powerful tool for that meeting of high school libraries. and many broken promises, but the right to a basic 5A and 58C. Section (NPEP) is published, stating financial year activism.” students becomes the education”. 5A empowers the that “National norms and and will be we’re here. The Minister has basic organisational Minister to prescribe standards will be developed implemented done the right thing. She deserves unit of EE, spreading to Minimum Norms during 2008, and fully in a phased over 50 locations. substantial credit for that. Some adopted by the end of manner during and Standards for within government urged her not School Infrastructure. 2009 ...”. On the same day, the 2010-2014 Section 58C imposes in line with the new Section Strategic Plan to. These regulations will be a mechanisms to ensure 5A of the Schools Act, period.” proud part of her legacy. that the provinces Minister of Education Naledi comply with these Pandor publishes Draft In the days ahead we will release Norms. Norms and Standards for more detailed comment on the School Infrastructure (N&S). Although the draft is detailed final norms and standards. There and has a clear timeframe, it remain various problems which is never adopted into law. we need to raise. We will write to the Minister to do this too.”

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