Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update Issue 89, March 2021

The aim of this Current Awareness Update is to provide a digest of information supporting evidence based practice in prehospital emergency services. The issue name relates to when the contained articles were published- the bulletin is published the following month once the national bulletin has been issued.

This is an edited version of the update for SCAS staff

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Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021

With thanks to Matt Holland, LKS ASE Librarian (on behalf of the National Ambulance Research Steering Group). This Current Awareness Update was commissioned by the National Ambulance Research Steering Group comprising of research leads from ambulance trusts in England, Scotland and Wales and other experts and groups supporting prehospital research. The aim of the group is to support the strategic development of ambulance and prehospital research whether leading, collaborating in or using research.

The research papers have been arranged by the topic headings below:

Prehospital Practitioners – Professional Development

Prehospital Research – Methods and Discussion

Diagnosis &Triage

Patient Profile

Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

On-Scene Interventions

Airway Management, Resuscitation & CPR

Further Research Needed

New ebooks and other resources

Visit http://discoverylibrary.org/SCAS to see all the information resources available to you including:

-ebooks -databases -journals -point of care tools -apps

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Prehospital Practitioners – Roles, Professional Practice and Development

Ahmadi, A., et al. (2021). Prediction of Academic Motivation Based on Variables of Personality Traits, Academic Self-Efficacy, Academic Alienation and Social Support in Paramedical Students. International quarterly of community health education. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Baxendale, H. E. (2020). Critical care workers have lower seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG compared with non-patient facing staff in first wave of COVID19. [PREPRINT _ NOT PEER REVIEWED] medRxiv. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Bergrath, S., et al. (2021). Implementation of a full-scale prehospital telemedicine system: evaluation of the process and systemic effects in a pre-post intervention study. BMJ open, 11(3). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Bjornsson, H.M. et al. (2021). Effect of replacing ambulance physicians with paramedics on outcome of resuscitation for prehospital cardiac arrest. European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Braverman, A. (2021). Moral Dilemmas of Nurses and Paramedics During In-Flight Medical Emergencies on Commercial Airlines. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 0(0). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Breyre, A. (2021). Effect of a Mobile Integrated Hospice Healthcare Program on Emergency Medical Services Transport to the Emergency Department [other]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Byrd, J. (2021). Synergistic effects of emergency physician empathy and burnout on patient satisfaction: a prospective observational study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 38(4). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Charlton, K., Limmer, M., & Moore, H., (2021). Incidence of emergency calls and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from a cross-sectional study in a UK ambulance service. Emergency medicine journal : EMJ. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Chowdhury, S. (2021). Effect of prehospital workflow optimization on treatment delays and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis - Chowdhury - - Academic Emergency Medicine - Wiley Online Library. Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Costello, B. (2021). Transition to practice: from student to NQP. Journal of Paramedic Practice, 13(3). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Danet, A.D., (2021). Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Western frontline healthcare professionals. A systematic review. Medicina clinica (English ed.). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Demir, M.C., & Ilhan, B., (2021). Performance of the Pandemic Medical Early Warning Score (PMEWS), Simple Triage Scoring System (STSS) and Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure and age ≥ 65 (CURB-65) score among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in an emergency department triage setting: a retrospective study. Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina, 139(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Dittmar, E. (2021). Reforming the paramedic profession? Two weeks with paramedics in Germany [research-article]. International Paramedic Practice, 11(1). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Drennan, I.R., et al. (2021). Opportunity for change: is it time to redefine the role of paramedics in healthcare? CJEM, 23(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Eaton, G., et al. (2021). Designing and implementing an educational framework for advanced paramedic practitioners rotating into primary care in North Wales. Education for primary care : an official publication of the Association of Course Organisers, National Association of GP Tutors, World Organisation of Family Doctors. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Ferron, R., Agarwal, G., Cooper, R., & Munkley, D. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 on emergency medical service call volumes and patient acuity: a cross-sectional study in Niagara, Ontario [OriginalPaper]. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 1-8. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Grunau, B., et al . (2021). Decrease in emergency medical services utilization during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia. CJEM, 23(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Gümüşsoy, S., et al. (2021). Relationship of knowledge about and attitudes towards violence with recognition of violence against women among health staff in pre-hospital emergency medical services. International emergency nursing, 56. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Hansen, C. H. (2021). Assessment of protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among 4 million PCR-tested individuals in Denmark in 2020: a population-level observational study - The Lancet. The Lancet, 397(10280), 1204-1212. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Jaehn, P., et al. (2021). Differential trends of admissions in accident and emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany [OriginalPaper]. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 1-10. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Kamarainen, A., et al. (2021). Immediate Paramedic Tactical Response Unit in a Civilian Emergency Medical Service: The First Year Experience. Journal of special operations medicine : a peer reviewed journal for SOF medical professionals, 21(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Kelker, H., Yoder, K., Musey, P., Harris, M., Johnson, O., Sarmiento, E., Vyas, P., Henderson, B., Adams, Z., & Welch, J. (2021). Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic [OriginalPaper]. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 1-12. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Koohsari E, et al., (2021). Understanding the effect of post-traumatic stress on the professional quality of life of pre-hospital emergency staff. Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Lee, D.E., et al. (2021). Impact of temporary closures of emergency departments during the COVID- 19 outbreak on clinical outcomes for emergency patients in a metropolitan area. The American journal of emergency medicine, 47. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Liu, SL., et al., (2021). Patient and paramedic experiences with a direct electronic referral programme for focused hypoglycaemia education following paramedic service assist-requiring hypoglycaemia in London and Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Lyons, J., et al. (2021). Impact of a physician - critical care practitioner pre-hospital service in Wales on trauma survival: a retrospective analysis of linked registry data. Anaesthesia. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Nadash, P., et al. (2021). The impact of health-related supports in senior housing on ambulance transfers and visits to emergency departments: The Right Care, Right Place, Right Time Project. Health services research. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Nadim, G., et al. (2021). Prehospital emergency medical technicians can perform ultrasonography and blood analysis in prehospital evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a feasibility study. BMC health services research, 21(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Navalpotro-Pascual JM, et al., (2021). Caseload and cardiopulmonary arrest management by an out- of-hospital emergency service during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emergencias : revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Emergencias, 33(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Newberry, J. A. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seropositivity and Acute Asymptomatic Infection Rate Among Firefighter First Responders in an Early Outbreak County in California [research- article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Olaussen, A., et al. (2021). Paramedic streaming upon arrival in emergency department: A prospective study. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33(2), 286-291. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Örgel, M., et al. (2021). A Retrospective Analysis of the Initial Effect of COVID-19 on German Prehospital Care During Lockdown in Germany. Open access emergency medicine : OAEM, 13. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Owens, J. (2021). What is an expedition medic? [research-article]. Journal of Paramedic Practice, 13(3). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Page, D., et al. (2021). Paramedic student encounters with patients during clinical placements: A multi-institutional cohort study. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open, 2(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Panovska-Griffiths, J., et al. (2021). Exploring overcrowding trends in an inner city emergence department in the UK before and during COVID-19 epidemic. BMC emergency medicine, 21(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Patel, D. (2021). Prescribing for paramedics: pharmacodynamics [research-article]. Journal of Paramedic Practice. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Pinks, D., et al. (2021). Does a peer social support group intervention using the cares skills framework improve emotional expression and emotion-focused coping in paramedic students? Australasian Emergency Care, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Schauer, Steven G. et al.(2021). An analysis of 13 years of prehospital combat casualty care - implications for maintaining a ready medical force. Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Schrading, W. A. (2021). Vaccination rates and acceptance of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination among U.S. emergency department health care personnel - Schrading - - Academic Emergency Medicine - Wiley Online Library. Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Scott, J., et al. (2021). Exploring the potential for social prescribing in pre-hospital emergency and urgent care: A qualitative study. Health & social care in the community. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Shekhar, A. (2021). Decreased pre-EMS CPR during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 162, 312-313. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Shirani, F., (2021). Breaking Bad News Training in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Simulation Based Learning. Journal of medical education and curricular development, 8. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Stroever, S., et al. (2021). Emergency department utilization for mental health conditions before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. The American journal of emergency medicine, 47, 164-168. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Venema, E., & Lingsma, H.F., (2021). Optimizing Prehospital Organization of Stroke Care: A Methodological Challenge. Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Vicente, V., Johansson, A., Selling, M., Johansson, J., Möller, S., & Todorova, L. (2021). Experience of using video support by prehospital emergency care physician in ambulance care - an interview study with prehospital emergency nurses in Sweden [OriginalPaper]. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 1-9. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Warren-James, M., et al. (2021). Paramedic students' experiences of stress whilst undertaking ambulance placements - An integrative review. Australasian emergency care. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Weber. A. Lawson, C., Williams, B. (2021). Frameworks that guide curriculum development in Australian higher education [research-article]. Journal of Paramedic Practice, 13(3). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Williams, B. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on paramedicine students: A mixed methods study. International emergency nursing, 56. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Wilson, C. (2021). Human factors in paramedic practice—not really about the humans but the system [Book review] [book-review]. Journal of Paramedic Practice, 13(3). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Yoon, S., et al. (2021). Twelve-Lead Electrocardiogram Acquisition With a Patchy-Type Wireless Device in Ambulance Transport: Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 9(4). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Research – Methods and Discussion

Boyle, S., et al. (2021). Providing emergency medical care without consent: How the ‘emergency principle’ in Australian law protects against claims of trespass. Emergency Medicine Australasia. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Edwards, C., & Johnson, K. D. (2021). Understanding Exception from Informed Consent in Planned Emergency Research. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 0(0). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Olaussen, A., Australia, D. o. P. M. U. M. V., Beovich, B., Australia, D. o. P. M. U. M. V., Williams, B., & Australia, D. o. P. M. U. M. V. (2021). Top 100 cited paramedicine papers: A bibliometric study. Emergency Medicine Australasia. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Richards, C. T. (2021). Priorities for Prehospital Evidence-Based Guideline Development: A Modified Delphi Analysis [research-article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Diagnosis and Triage

Blais, J. (2021). S100B protein level for the detection of clinically significant intracranial haemorrhage in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a subanalysis of a prospective cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 38(4). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Carmichael, H., et al. (2021). Evaluating the paramedic application of the prehospital Canadian C- Spine Rule in sport-related injuries. CJEM. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Challen, R. (2021). Risk of mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/1: matched cohort study. BMJ. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Chapin-Bardales, J. (2021). Reactogenicity Following Receipt of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines. JAMA. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Clemency, B. M., Murk, W., Moore, A., & Brown, L. H. (2021). The EMS Modified Early Warning Score (EMEWS): A simple count of vital signs as a predictor of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests [research- article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

El Hussein, M. T. (2021). Delirium in Emergency Departments: Is it Recognized? Journal of Emergency Nursing, 0(0). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Fairley, RR., et al. (2021). A Pilot Study to Assess Urban, Fire-Based Paramedic Accuracy in Identification of Anatomical Landmarks Necessary for Cricothyrotomy and Needle Chest Decompression Using Live Patient Models. Prehospital and disaster medicine. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Guidet, B., et al. (2021). Age is just a number: how should we triage old patients in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic? European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine, 28(2), 92-94. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Jetten, W.D., et al., (2021). Prehospital Triage by Lay Person First Responders: A Scoping Review and Proposal for a new Prehospital Triage Tool. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Kalkwarf, K.J., et al. (2021). Prehospital ABC Score Accurately Forecasts Patients Who Will Require Immediate Resource Utilization. Southern medical journal, 114(4). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Kosiński, S., et al. (2021). Estimation of the survival probabilities in hypothermic cardiac arrest patients with drowning: The HOPE score as a tool to help selecting patients for extracorporeal rewarming. Resuscitation, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Lancet, EA., et al. (2021). Prehospital hypoxemia, measured by pulse oximetry, predicts hospital outcomes during the New York City COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open, 2(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Magnusson, C., Gärskog, J., Lökholm, E., Stenström, J., Wetter, R., Axelsson, C., Hagiwara, M. A., Packendorff, N., Jood, K., Karlsson, T., & Herlitz, J. (2021). Prediction of a time-sensitive condition among patients with dizziness assessed by the emergency medical services [OriginalPaper]. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 1-9. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Mizu, D., et al. (2021). High fever or hypotension predicts non-hypoglycemia in patients with impaired consciousness in prehospital settings. Acute medicine & surgery, 8(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Sablerolles, R. S. G. (2021). Association between Clinical Frailty Scale score and hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 (COMET): an international, multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort study - The Lancet Healthy Longevity. The Lancet, 2(3), 163-170. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Sato, N., et al. (2021). Clinical significance of prehospital 12-lead electrocardiography in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction presenting with syncope: from a multicenter observational registry (K-ACTIVE study). Heart and vessels. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Zeineddin, A., et al. (2021). PREHOSPITAL CONTINUOUS VITAL SIGNS PREDICT NEED FOR REBOA AND RESUSCITATIVE THORACOTOMY. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Patient Profile

Children

Ferry, T., Amiet, V., Natterer, J., Perez, M.-H., Pfister, R., Colombier, S., & Longchamp, D. (2021). Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for severe chloroquine intoxication in a child – a case report [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-4. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Leech, C., & Jenner, R. (2021). Injured adolescents—should they be treated as big kids or little adults? Emergency Medicine Journal. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Pulcini, C. D., et al. (2021). Non‐fatal firearm injuries: Utilization and expenditures for children pre‐ and post‐injury. Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Rodriguez-Ruiz, E. (2021). Evidence-based defibrillation dosage for children: Is it feasible to power a reliable pediatric clinical trial or it is mission impossible? - Resuscitation. Resuscitation. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Rogers, C.J. at al. (2021). Prehospital Emergency Provider's Knowledge of and Comfort With Pediatric and Special Needs Cases: A Cross-Sectional Study in Los Angeles County. Evaluation & the health professions. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Tavender. E. (2021). Review article: Developing the Australian and New Zealand Guideline for Mild to Moderate Head Injuries in Children: An adoption/adaption approach. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33(2), 195-201. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Conditions Older People

Alshibani, A., et al. (2021). New Horizons in Understanding Appropriate Prehospital Identification and Trauma Triage for Older Adults. Open access emergency medicine : OAEM, 13. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Jarman, H., et al. (2021). Feasibility and accuracy of ED frailty identification in older trauma patients: a prospective multi-centre study [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-9. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Onawola, A. (2021). Early Recognition and Management of Sepsis in the Elderly: A... : Critical Care Nursing Quarterly. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 44(4), 175-181. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Rand, S. (2021). Measuring safety in older adult care homes: a scoping review of the international literature. BMJ Open. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

Bitencourt, M. R., et al. (2021). Helicopter Transportation of Brazilian Trauma Patients: A Comparison of Times to Care. Air Medical Journal, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Braude, D., et al. (2021). Safety of air medical transport of patients with COVID-19 by personnel using routine personal protective equipment. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open, 2(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Jagtenberg¸C.J. et al. (2021). Introducing fairness in Norwegian air ambulance base location planning. Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 29(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Meadley, B., et al. (2021). Comparison of swimming versus running maximal aerobic capacity in helicopter rescue paramedics. Ergonomics. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Meadley, B., et al. (2021). Assessment of cardiometabolic health, diet and physical activity in helicopter rescue paramedics. Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Newton, G. (2021). Clinical Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Needle Thoracostomy in a Canadian Helicopter Emergency Medical Service [research-article]. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Sammito, S., et al. (2021). Analysis of European aeromedical evacuation flights of COVID-19 patients. Air Medical Journal, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Saviluoto, A., et al. (2021). An analysis of prehospital critical care events and management patterns from 97 539 emergency helicopter medical service missions: A retrospective registry-based study. European journal of anaesthesiology. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Shekhar, A. C., et al. (2021). Testing the Feasibility of Operating a Helicopter While Wearing Different Masks. Air Medical Journal, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

On-Scene Interventions

Bainbridge, F. J., et al. (2021). Introduction of point‐of‐care ROTEM testing in the emergency department of an Australian level 1 trauma centre and its effect on blood product use. Emergency Medicine Australasia. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Bernard, S., et al. (2021). Use of intramuscular ketamine by paramedics in the management of severely agitated patients. Emergency Medicine Australasia. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Chen, R.S., et al. (2021). Prehospital Intubations Are Associated with Elevated Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressures: A Cross-Sectional Study Characterizing ETT Cuff Pressures at a Tertiary Care Emergency Department. Prehospital and disaster medicine. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Clemency, B. M. (2021). Changes in Field Termination of Resuscitation and Survival Rates After an Educational Intervention to Promote on Scene Resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest - Journal of Emergency Medicine. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 60(3), 349-354. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Davie, G., et al. (2021). Access to specialist hospital care and injury survivability: identifying opportunities through an observational study of prehospital trauma fatalities. Injury. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Dyson, K. (2021). To intubate or not to intubate? Predictors of inhalation injury in burn‐injured patients before arrival at the burn centre. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33(2), 262-269. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Estebaranz-Santamaría, C., et al., (2021). Major Prehospital Trauma and In-Hospital Emergencies: Massive Transfusion Triggers. Dimensions of critical care nursing : DCCN, 40(3). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Feldman, O., et al. (2021). Endotracheal intubation of COVID-19 patients by paramedics using a box barrier: A randomized crossover manikin study. PloS one, 16(3). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Finn, J. C. (2021). Prehospital continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute respiratory distress: a randomised controlled trial. Emergency Medicine Journal. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Friedman, B. W. (2021). A randomized controlled trial of oxycodone/acetaminophen versus acetaminophen alone for emergency department patients with musculoskeletal pain refractory to ibuprofen - Friedman - - Academic Emergency Medicine - Wiley Online Library. Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Hanifi, N., (2021). Time-to-Treatment and Its Association With Complications and Mortality Rate in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study - Journal of Emergency Nursing. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47, 288-298. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Heemskerk, J.L., et al. (2021). Time Is Brain: Prehospital Emergency Medical Services Response Times for Suspected Stroke and Effects of Prehospital Interventions. Mayo Clinic proceedings. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Magnusson, C., et al. (2021). Evaluation and treatment of pain in the pre-hospital setting. A comparison between patients with a hip injury, chest pain and abdominal pain. International emergency nursing, 56. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Mahmood, A. (2021). Effect of tranexamic acid on intracranial haemorrhage and infarction in patients with traumatic brain injury: a pre-planned substudy in a sample of CRASH-3 trial patients. Emergency medicine Journal, 38(4). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Melendez, JJ., et al.(2020). Prehospital Damage Control: The Management of Volume, Temperature… and Bleeding! Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia), 51(4). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Nemeth, J., et al. (2021). Prehospital tranexamic acid: READY for primetime? CJEM, 23(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Nikolaou, N. I., et al. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of routine early angiography in patients with return of spontaneous circulation after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Resuscitation, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Painvin, B., et al. (2021). Inter-hospital transport of critically ill patients to manage the intensive care unit surge during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Annals of intensive care, 11(1). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Papoutsi, E., Giannakoulis, V. G., Xourgia, E., Routsi, C., Kotanidou, A., & Siempos, I. I. (2021). Effect of timing of intubation on clinical outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-randomized cohort studies [OriginalPaper]. Critical Care, 25(1), 1-9. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Redwood, E., et al. (2021). The influence of travelling to hospital by ambulance on reperfusion time and outcomes for patients with STEMI. The Medical journal of Australia. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Roessler, MS., et al. (2021). Vacuum mattress or long spine board: which method of spinal stabilisation in trauma patients is more time consuming? A simulation study [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-9. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Schneck, E., Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative (2021). [Comments on the German consensus statement on prehospital treatment of acute coronary syndrome in patients under long-term treatment with novel oral anticoagulants (NOAC)]. Der Anaesthesist. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Shi, C., et al.(2021). Prehospital aortic blood flow control techniques for non-compressible traumatic hemorrhage. Injury. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Smith, M. (2021). Systematic approach to delivering prolonged field care in a prehospital care environment. BMJ Military Health, 167(2). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Troncoso, R. D., et al. (2021). Decision-Making and Interventions During Interfacility Transport of High Acuity Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Air Medical Journal, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Wendt, C. (2021). Prone Positioning of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Who Are Nonintubated in Hypoxic Respiratory Distress: Single-Site Retrospective Health Records Review - Journal of Emergency Nursing. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47(2), 279-287. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Whitfield, D. (2021). The Effectiveness of Intranasal Midazolam for the Treatment of Prehospital Pediatric Seizures: A Non-inferiority Study [research-article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Wong, D., et al. (2021). Assessing the clinical utilization of tranexamic acid by paramedics for patients with major trauma (ACUTE). CJEM, 23(2). Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Zeidan, S., et al. (2021). Not all patients with convulsive status epilepticus intubated in pre-hospital settings meet the criteria for refractory status epilepticus. Seizure, 88. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Zhang, S., et al. (2021). Prehospital Tranexamic Acid Administration in Injured Patients. JAMA surgery. Click here to access abstract, email [email protected] to request fulltext

Airway Management, Resuscitation & CPR

Ali, D. M., Hisam, B., Shaukat, N., Baig, N., Ong, M. E. H., Epstein, J. L., Goralnick, E., Kivela, P. D., McNally, B., & Razzak, J. (2021). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training strategies in the times of COVID-19: a systematic literature review comparing different training methodologies [ReviewPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-16. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Barcala-Furelos, R., et al. (2021). Safe On-Boat Resuscitation by Lifeguards in COVID-19 Era: A Pilot Study Comparing Three Sets of Personal Protective Equipment. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 36(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Charlton, K. M., H.,. (2021). PaRamEDIc assessment of laCTate in OHCA and survival to hospital (PREDICT protocol) [research-article]. Journal of Paramedic Practice. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Derkenne, C. (2021). Automatic external defibrillator provided by unmanned aerial vehicle (drone) in Greater Paris: A real world-based simulation - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 162, 259-265. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Descatha, A., & Morin, F., & Savary, D. (2021). Singularities of AED implementation in occupational setting and COVID-19 pandemic: In response to “Use and Coverage of Automated External Defibrillators According to Location in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”. Resuscitation, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Fouche, PF., et al. (2021). The association of ketamine induction with blood pressure changes in paramedic rapid sequence intubation of out-of-hospital traumatic brain injury. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Grasner, J.-T. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Epidemiology of cardiac arrest in Europe - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 61-79. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Greif, R. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Education for resuscitation - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 388-407. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Houwen, T., et al. (2021). Outcomes after Prehospital Traumatic Cardiac Arrest in the Netherlands: a Retrospective Cohort Study. Injury. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Hsieh, Y.-L., Wu, M.-C., Wolfshohl, J., d’Etienne, J., Huang, C.-H., Lu, T.-C., Huang, E. P.-C., Chou, E. H., Wang, C.-H., & Chen, W.-J. (2021). Intraosseous versus intravenous vascular access during cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta- analysis of observational studies [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-12. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Huebinger, R., et al. (2021). Community disparities in out of hospital cardiac arrest care and outcomes in Texas. Resuscitation, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Jung, E., et al. (2021). Interaction Effect Between Prehospital Mechanical Chest Compression Device Use and Post-Cardiac Arrest Care on Clinical Outcomes After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. The Journal of emergency medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Kamauzaman, THT., et al. (2021). Simulation study on quality of CPR between manual chest compression and mechanical chest compression devices performed in ambulance. The Medical journal of Malaysia, 76(2). Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Lancaster, G. D. (2021). How Does Rescuer Fitness Affect the Quality of Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation? [research-article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Lee, S. Y., et al. (2021). Trends of the incidence and clinical outcomes of suicide-related out-of- hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A 10-year nationwide observational study. Resuscitation, 0(0). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Leung, KKY., et al. (2021). Airway management in children with COVID-19. Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Lott, C. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Cardiac arrest in special circumstances - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 152-219. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Madar, J. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Newborn resuscitation and support of transition of infants at birth - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 291-326. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Mathew, S., et al. (2021). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest care in Detroit. The American journal of emergency medicine, 46. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Mentzelopoulos, S. D. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Ethics of resuscitation and end of life decisions - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 408-432. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Nehme, Z. (2021). Effect of a resuscitation quality improvement programme on outcomes from out- of-hospital cardiac arrest - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 162(236-244). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Nicol, T. (2021). Incidence, Complications, and Factors Associated with Out-of-Hospital First Attempt Intubation Failure in Adult Patients: A Secondary Analysis of the CURASMUR Trial Data [research- article]. Prehospital Emergency Care. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Nolan, J. P. (2021). European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Guidelines 2021: Post-resuscitation care - Resuscitation. Resusciation, 161, 220-269. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Olasveengen, T. M. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Basic Life Support - Resuscitation. Resusciation, 161, 98-114. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Onoe, A. (2021). Outcomes of patients with OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology that did not achieve prehospital restoration of spontaneous circulation: The All-Japan Utstein Registry experience - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 162, 245-250. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Perkins, G. D. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Executive summary - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 1-60. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Prause, G. (2021). Hyperventilation is uncommon during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: A preliminary observational study - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 162, 257-258. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Saviluoto, A., et al. (2021). Does experience in prehospital post-resuscitation critical care affect outcomes? A retrospective cohort study. Resuscitation. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Sealy, M., & Hollier, R. (2021). Appropriateness of oral clopidogrel for prehospital STEMI management [research-article]. International Paramedic Practice, 11(1). Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Semeraro, F. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Systems saving lives - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 80-97. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

*** SCAS Author*** Soar, J. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Adult advanced life support - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 115-151. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Tsukuda, J., Fujitani, S., Rahman, M., Morisawa, K., Kawaguchi, T., & Taira, Y. (2021). Monitoring tissue oxygenation index using near‐infrared spectroscopy during pre‐hospital resuscitation among out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest patients: a pilot study [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-8. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021) Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Van de Voorde, P. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Paediatric Life Support - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 327-387. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

*** SCAS Author*** Zideman, D. A. (2021). European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: First aid - Resuscitation. Resuscitation, 161, 270-290. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Further Research Needed Ai Charlton, K., Limmer, M., & Moore, H., (2021). Incidence of emergency calls and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from a cross-sectional study in a UK ambulance service. Emergency medicine journal : EMJ. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Conclusion: Incidence of emergency calls were reduced during the pandemic compared with 2019. There was a rise in incidence of OHCA and OHCA deaths during the same period; however, these changes appear transient. Further research is required to understand patient behaviour towards seeking help during the pandemic and the long-term consequences of not doing so.

Scott, J., et al. (2021). Exploring the potential for social prescribing in pre-hospital emergency and urgent care: A qualitative study. Health & social care in the community. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Conclusion: Social prescribing was considered to be most beneficial to those calling for reasons relating to mental health, loneliness or social isolation, in particular older people and frequent users of 999 and 111 services. Determinants of social prescribing were identified across the micro (patient and staff acceptability of social prescribing), meso (triage and referral pathways) and macro (commissioning and funding) levels of analysis. This is the first empirical study to explore social prescribing in pre-hospital emergency and urgent care services, which suggests that it has potential to improve quality of care at the point of people accessing these services. There is a pressing need to address the micro, macro and meso level determinants identified within this study, in order to support staff within pre-hospital emergency and urgent care services to socially prescribe.

Hsieh, Y.-L., Wu, M.-C., Wolfshohl, J., d’Etienne, J., Huang, C.-H., Lu, T.-C., Huang, E. P.-C., Chou, E. H., Wang, C.-H., & Chen, W.-J. (2021). Intraosseous versus intravenous vascular access during cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies [OriginalPaper]. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 29(1), 1-12. Click here to access fulltext (open access as of 14/04/2021)

Conclusions: The meta-analysis revealed no significant association between types of vascular access and neurological outcomes at hospital discharge among OHCA patients. Time to intervention was identified to be an important outcome moderator in this meta-analysis of observation studies. These results call for the need for future clinical trials to investigate the unbiased effect of IO use on OHCA CPR.

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021 Chowdhury, S. (2021). Effect of prehospital workflow optimization on treatment delays and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis - Chowdhury - - Academic Emergency Medicine - Wiley Online Library. Academic Emergency Medicine. Click here to access fulltext- SCAS Athens required (register here). Click here to access free abstract

Conclusions: This systematic review and meta‐analysis found that PSWO (prehospital stroke workflow optimizations) significantly improves several time metrics related to stroke treatment leading to improvement in IVT reperfusion rates. Thus, the implementation of these measures in stroke networks is a promising avenue to improve an often‐neglected aspect of the stroke response. However, the limited available data suggest functional outcomes and mortality are not significantly improved by PSWO; hence, further studies and improvement strategies vis‐à‐vis PSWOs are warranted.

New Ebooks and other resources Ai  Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: Emergency Medicine  Essential Procedures for Emergency, Urgent, and Primary Care Settings  A Handbook for Support Workers in Health and Social Care  How to Get Your PhD  Ketamine  Managing the Human Dimension of Disasters : Caring for the Bereaved, Survivors and First Responders  Strategies for Clinical Teaching in the Health Professions  Writing for Publication in Nursing and Healthcare SCAS Athens account required (register here)

Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021

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Prehospital Emergency Services Current Awareness Update – Issue 89, March 2021