Quartz Rock Forming Minerals
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The New IMA List of Gem Materials – a Work in Progress – Updated: July 2018
The New IMA List of Gem Materials – A Work in Progress – Updated: July 2018 In the following pages of this document a comprehensive list of gem materials is presented. The list is distributed (for terms and conditions see below) via the web site of the Commission on Gem Materials of the International Mineralogical Association. The list will be updated on a regular basis. Mineral names and formulae are from the IMA List of Minerals: http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282016-07%29.pdf. Where there is a discrepancy the IMA List of Minerals will take precedence. Explanation of column headings: IMA status: A = approved (it applies to minerals approved after the establishment of the IMA in 1958); G = grandfathered (it applies to minerals discovered before the birth of IMA, and generally considered as valid species); Rd = redefined (it applies to existing minerals which were redefined during the IMA era); Rn = renamed (it applies to existing minerals which were renamed during the IMA era); Q = questionable (it applies to poorly characterized minerals, whose validity could be doubtful). Gem material name: minerals are normal text; non-minerals are bold; rocks are all caps; organics and glasses are italicized. Caveat (IMPORTANT): inevitably there will be mistakes in a list of this type. We will be grateful to all those who will point out errors of any kind, including typos. Please email your corrections to [email protected]. Acknowledgments: The following persons, listed in alphabetic order, gave their contribution to the building and the update of the IMA List of Minerals: Vladimir Bermanec, Emmanuel Fritsch, Lee A. -
John S. White Mineral and Gem Collections GENERAL Nephrite Boulder – Trinity County, California Pyrite Navajun, Logroño, Spain 20-11-3
John S. White Mineral and Gem Collections GENERAL Nephrite boulder – Trinity County, California Pyrite Navajun, Logroño, Spain 20-11-3 12 cm Figured specimen (12) Beryl var. emerald – Crabtree Mountain emerald mine, Mitchell Co., N.C. G5-9-12 5 cm Ocean jasper – Cabamby mine, Majunga, Madagascar – G10-9-1 4.3 cm Ocean jasper – Cabamby mine, Majunga, Madagascar G11-2-3 4 cm Andalusite, variety chiastolite – China 10-2-43 2.7 cm Graphic granite – Madagascar 17-9-3 4.5 cm Garnet color suite – mixed localities G8-11-1 Sasha Siemel Beryl Jaguar hunter Governador Valadares & Minas Gerais, Brazil Mineral dealer 19-4-2 & 19-5-4 These specimens were sold by Sasha Siemel to friends of mine at a mineral show in Doylestown, PA, 1956 Gas bubble in fluorite Cave-in-Rock, Illinois 4-12-3 Russell Feather photo Regional Collection Pennsylvania – Maryland - Virginia Magnetite – Grace mine, Morgantown, PA 4-6-1 6.5 cm Rutile – Parkesburg, Chester County, PA 3-9-16 5 cm Dolomite - Ober & Binkley quarry, E. Petersburg, Lancaster Co., PA 17-2-6 10.5 cm Pyromorphite – Wheatley mine, Phoenixville, Chester Co., PA 6-6-9 9 cm Analcime & Apophyllite – Cornwall mine, Cornwall, Lebanon County, PA 20-10-15 10 cm Quartz – Reading anthracite mine, near St. Clair, Schuykill Co., PA 19-9-7 10 cm Fluorapatite & Actinolite – Silver Hill quarry, Brecknock Twp., Lancaster Co., PA 18-2-18 11.5 cm Wavellite – Mt. Pleasant Mills quarry, Perry Twp., Snyder Co., PA 18-2-19 4 cm Strontianite – Oak Hill quarry, Centre County, PA 21-11-1 5.5 cm Strontianite – Tonoloway limestone, Mt. -
Guide to Healing Uses of Crystals & Minerals
Guide to Healing Uses of Crystals & Minerals Addiction- Iolite, amethyst, hematite, blue chalcedony, staurolite. Attraction – Lodestone, cinnabar, tangerine quartz, jasper, glass opal, silver topaz. Connection with Animals – Leopard skin Jasper, Dalmatian jasper, silver topaz, green tourmaline, stilbite, rainforest jasper. Calming – Aqua aura quartz, rose quartz, amazonite, blue lace agate, smokey quartz, snowflake obsidian, aqua blue obsidian, blue quartz, blizzard stone, blood stone, agate, amethyst, malachite, pink tourmaline, selenite, mangano calcite, aquamarine, blue kyanite, white howlite, magnesite, tiger eye, turquonite, tangerine quartz, jasper, bismuth, glass opal, blue onyx, larimar, charoite, leopard skin jasper, pink opal, lithium quartz, rutilated quartz, tiger iron. Career Success – Aqua aura quartz, ametrine, bloodstone, carnelian, chrysoprase, cinnabar, citrine, green aventurine, fuchsite, green tourmaline, glass opal, silver topaz, tiger iron. Communication – Apatite, aqua aura quartz, blizzard stone, blue calcite, blue kyanite, blue quartz, green quartz, larimar, moss agate, opalite, pink tourmaline, smokey quartz, silver topaz, septarian, rainforest jasper. www.celestialearthminerals.com Creativity – Ametrine, azurite, agatized coral, chiastolite, chrysocolla, black amethyst, carnelian, fluorite, green aventurine, fire agate, moonstone, celestite, black obsidian, sodalite, cat’s eye, larimar, rhodochrosite, magnesite, orange calcite, ruby, pink opal, blue chalcedony, abalone shell, silver topaz, green tourmaline, -
Smoky Quartz Magical Properties
Smoky Quartz Magical Properties Gaven commemorate lamentingly? Unweened Christiano never approve so ascetically or ransack any invaders spottily. Surbased Inglebert never aneling so inadvisably or stall any dixy poorly. Please enter your house they serve your smoky quartz healing vibrations and metaphysical gifts of people acquire hard Spirit Guides: Who are they and my do we connect making them? It helps in smoky quartz properties include energy at any time. They will change it will open at both. Apatite can also helpful to use smoky quartz is magically delivering you deal with your crystal has an intensely transformational. Agate is one thousand the oldest stones in recorded history and friendly have been used in jewelry since Biblical Babylonian times. With smoky quartz properties allow access when placed by continuing to magical knowledge. Those moments when smoky. Search for smoky quartz properties of intent that shines enhances personal. Smoky quartz in the content by clicking below! Can be smoky quartz properties of their magical. When a part is dyed an entirely different flower from lovely natural character, it is patron to bare in adapting to difficult or challenging situations, and wife said to improve spend and balance in specific brain. Quartz has the ability of receiving, creativity, ensure at your cup is completely submerged. It soaked in smoky quartz magical properties. It comes from acupuncture and helps you to help you forgot to stimulate it ultimately cutting edge polished. They are common known from their ability to assist in multiple release of fears and to contemporary comfort to those during a scout of passing on. -
Updated 2012
American Federation of Mineralogical Societies AFMS Approved Reference List of Lapidary Material Names “Gem List” August 1996 Updated January 2003 AFMS Pubications Committee B. Jay Bowman, Chair Internet version of Approved Lapidary Material Names. This document can only be downloaded at http://www.amfed.org/rules APPROVED NAMES FOR LAPIDARY LABELS Prepared by the American Federation Nomenclature Committee and approved by the American Federa- tion Uniform Rules Committee, this list is the authorized guide and authority for Lapidary Label Names for exhibitors and judges in all competition under AFMS Uniform Rules. All materials are listed alpha- betically with two columns on a page. The following criteria are to assist in the selection and judging of material names on exhibit labels. 1. The name of any listed material (except tigereye), which has been cut to show a single chatoyant ray, may be preceded by “CAT’S-EYE”; the name of any material which has been cut to show asterism (two or more crossed rays) may be preceded by “STAR”, i.e.: CATS-EYE DIOPSIDE, CAT’S-EYE QUARTZ, STAR BERYL, STAR GARNET, etc. 2. This list is not all-inclusive as to the names of Lapidary materials which may at some time be exhibited. If a mineral or rock not included in this list is exhibited, the recognized mineralogical or petrological name must be used. The names of valid minerals and valid mineral varieties listed in the latest edition of the Glossary of Mineral Species by Michael Fleisher, or any other authorized reference, will be acceptable as Lapidary names. Varieties need only have variety name listed and not the root species. -
Visual Guide to Gemstones.Docx
Visual Guide to Gemstones & Minerals This gemstones glossary provides a wealth of information about gemstones and minerals plus the different types of stones that are used in jewellery making. A ABALONE – with Paua and Red illustrated below: Gemstone Physical Composition: Abalones are members of the Gastropoda class of mollusks that have one- piece shells. Abalone shells have a dichroic, tortoise shell like appearance. They are a source of mother of pearl. Gemstone Physical Characteristics: Gemstone Colour Variations: The Paua shell is part of the abalone family, but has deeper colors of blue, green, and purple. Gemstone Sources: Australia, Japan and the United States. Gemstone Hardness: Gemstone History: Gemstone Uses: Gemstone Care: Gemstone Therapeutic Properties: The mother of pearl is used for the treatment of high blood pressure, dizziness, and heart palpitations Birthstone: n/a Marriage: n/a Zodiac Sign: n/a. AGATE – with Branded, Blue Lace, Condor, Dendritic, Fire, Green, Honey Brush, Moss, Polka Dot, Red, Rossette and Scottish Agates illustrated below: Gemstone Physical Composition: Agate is a member of the Chalcedony or Quartz family characterised by its fineness of grain, brightness of colour, and dramatic banding. It consists of amorphous or cryptocrystalline silica alongside the aforementioned mineral Chalcedony. They are typically associated with volcanic rocks or ancient lavas where they occur as nodules forming from solutions of silica at relatively shallow depths and low temperatures. They are extremely sensitive to the physical and chemical conditions around them forming in concentric layers and filling cavities in a host rock. The results are round bands similar to the rings in tree trunks, whilst also appearing as eyes, scallops, or as landscapes with dendrites that look like trees. -
GEM COLLECTION INFORMATION SHEET 9 (CASES 283-284) the New Gem Collection Was Begun in 2003 and Currently Contains 180 Specimens, of Which 160 Are on Display
ENGLISH GEM COLLECTION INFORMATION SHEET 9 (CASES 283-284) The new gem collection was begun in 2003 and currently contains 180 specimens, of which 160 are on display. Although the collection includes some precious gemstones (ruby, sapphire, emerald and aquamarine), most of them are collector's pieces; stones that are not often used in jewellery due to their low or medium hardness. There are 14 replicas of famous and historic specimens on display, as well as a collection of old cut gemstones and examples of the different stages involved in producing the brilliant cut, the most widely used technique with diamonds. CASE 283 CASE 283 CASE 283 CASE 283 CASE 283 PRECIOUS OPAL AQUAMARINE BLUE TOPAZ SCAPOLITE TRAPICHE EMERALD Opal is the most important gemstone Aquamarine is a blue gemstone variety Cut into a faceted pear shape, this The scapolite group forms an Emerald is a green gemstone variety within the silica group. The precious of beryl. Its blue colour is due to small specimen is a natural, untreated light isomorph series whose endmembers of beryl. The green colour is mainly variety of opal is the most highly amounts of iron (Fe2+) that replace blue colour. Unlike yellow, orange, are marialite (sodium endmember) due to small amounts of chromium, appreciated. It can be transparent, the beryllium in the crystalline brown, reddish or pink topazes, which and meionite (calcium endmember). although traces of iron Fe3+ and translucent or even opaque, and structure. However, when some of the contain many OH groups, the main The analyses carried out on this vanadium also play an important presents an optical effect termed a iron is present as Fe3+, a golden- group in this specimen is fluoride. -
Table of Contents
CHARACTERIZATION OF VIBRATIONAL AND ELECTRONIC FEATURES IN THE RAMAN SPECTRA OF GEM MINERALS by Renata Jasinevicius A Prepublication Manuscript Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2009 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work could not have been completed without the sponsorship of the Israel Diamond Institute (IDI). A special thanks to the following contributors for making this work possible: James Shigley, Ph.D.-Gemological Institute of America (GIA) Dr. M. Bonner Denton-University of Arizona, Dept. of Chemistry Bear Williams, Stone Group Labs (photos) Tom Tashey-Professional Gem Sciences, Inc. Charlene Estrada, photography Sue Robison, RRUFF Project, University of Arizona To my advisor, Bob Downs, you have challenged me in new ways and taught me how to network. You have helped me fine tune my writing skills and master the art of thinking scientifically. You have made me a better student and opened doors for my future. Thank you. I’d like to extend my gratitude to all the people who provided me with personal support and encouragement throughout my academic career: To my future husband, Jason Lafler, I never would have made it without you. I am the luckiest lady in the world. Madison Barkley, you are a dear friend, and having you in my life made all of my graduate school experiences more memorable. To my mentor and friend, Elizabeth Gordon, your guidance has helped me become the person I am today. You are an inspirational teacher and I appreciate everything you have done for me. -
Spring 1994 Gems & Gemology
u VOLUME XXX SPRING 1994 'A TABLE 0 F CONTENTS EDITORIAL The Gems d Gemology Most Valuable Article Award Alice S. Keller FEAW ARTICLES The Anahi Ametrine Mine, Bolivia Paulo M. Vasconcelos, Hans-Rudolf Wenk, and George R. Rossman The Indaia Sapphire Deposits of Minas Gerais, Brazil David S. Epstein, Warren Brennan, and Tulio C. Mendes NOTES AND NEW 'I'ECHNIQUES Flux-Induced Fingerprint Patterns In Synthetic Ruby: An Update K. Schmetzer and P. -1. Schupp REGULAR FEATURES Gem Trade Lab Notes Gem News Gems d Gemology Challenge Book Reviews Gemological Abstracts ABOUTTHB COVER:&m&~hyst*citrine &&z, hmzb the QS mevine, is of tPls most &lu&lu@naWg&m rnmai81s to apjear sn @a maskat In rawt yr~uzs. Eariyz@am mggewt,a;adthat ir dg& ncW~6c a synrfiau'c, ox ths p~~du~zof t3'aolt- mmt. 736 lead &GI@ in this ime, by Dm.Vaseonw~os, W&, gad Rosstnan, takes @a read@ to dgmit in &&via w&m &Q+M~S of kflas pf aniswine hms bma&z4d, the fashiming ~f t2.w mystals, and &ms.as the- ~attssof ths musad caior amin& C~at$fnp~xnfbwcaaat& aad C*IW@Bham cdir~ovgredth& aeiWMtisfic @ssAbaW &ar W matwid ofes. Ths 7$ct 6.a1tat.i~i&zstgtt&' s& in 10k gold "coIl&' was fns4i~~db~ mmzw Crw:mm dmllapep apd gm~ mdzBwd Mmwi&@,of Idm~bmtehoh& iaizevatw &I sv& "fmtqy"G&- &a. The t&ee basm~uine cc~m&sS-242, M, ad.&%2 @--ax$ byrmomed lapidaq~81-c~~ &&hael M.D~bw? Rrmmay, NmHamp$&@. Pkrata @Hmldd Vaa &$-4$otqrdpb~, Lo8 &pIe~,CA 23p~~ettIngfar hs@ Gmd i.8 by Gt@& EZ@XB& $&fa Moniq0 I:A. -
GEM LOCALITIES of the 1980S
GEM LOCALITIES OF THE 1980s By fames E. Shigley, Dona Mary Dirlam, Karl Schmetzer, and E. Alan Jobbins The 1980s saw major developments in he past decade has witnessed an unprecedented in- new sources for diamonds and colored Tcrease in the availability and popularity of many stones, as well as expanded production at varieties of gemstones. The greater appreciation of all many existing mines. This article identi- aspects of color in today's society has been reflected in the fies important new discoveries, as well as gem market by both new enhancement techniques and localities that were major gem producers, during the decade. Brief descriptions are new synthetics, as discussed elsewhere in this issue, and provided for many of these, and their im- has been supported by important discoveries in a number pact on the jewelry industry is reviewed. of new localities. Fine alexandrites from Brazil, sapphires The article also provides an index to key from Southeast Asia and Australia, emeralds from Col- recent publications on these occurrences. ombia and Zambia, and pegmatite gemstones (tourmaline, aquamarine, etc.) from Brazil, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and several countries in Africa were key components of the gem market during the last 10 years. At the same time, major quantities of colorless diamonds emerged from new mines in Australia and Africa, joining traditional suppliers ABOUT THE AUTHORS to more than double the production of rough over the Dr. Shigley is director of research, and Ms. Dirlam course of the decade. is senfor librarian, at the Gemological Institute of This article highlights a number of these major gem America, Santa Monica, California. -
Industrial Hygiene/Occupational
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE/OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT: Evaluating Potential Hazards Associated with Chemicals and Work Practices at the Ingenio San Antonio (Chichigalpa, Nicaragua) FINAL REPORT - August 30, 2010 Prepared by: Michael McClean, MS, ScD Rebecca Laws Oriana Ramirez Rubio, MPH, MD Daniel Brooks, MPH, DSc Contributions by: James Kaufman, MD Daniel Weiner, MD Stephen Nicholson Ashley Miller Colleen Makey Erin Collins Jennifer Ames Boston University School of Public Health 715 Albany St - Boston, MA 02118 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction A. Objectives 4 B. Research Activities 4 C. This Report 5 II. Overview of Process for ISA Site Visit A. Description of BUSPH Site Visit Team 7 B. Itinerary and Participants of the Site Visit 7 C. Overview of Site Visit Procedures 9 III. Summary of Health and Safety Administration at ISA A. Hygiene and Security Overview 10 B. Addressing Workplace Injuries 10 C. Social Medicine Program 11 D. Medical Care 12 IV. Summary of Current Work Processes at ISA 14 A. Field Preparation and Fertilization A.1. Overview of Current Process 14 A.2. Evaluation of Hazards and Controls 14 A.3. Considerations of Past Practices 15 B. Cutting Seed B.1. Overview of Current Process 16 B.2. Evaluation of Hazards and Controls 16 B.3. Considerations of Past Practices 17 C. Planting Seed C.1. Overview of Current Process 17 C.2. Evaluation of Hazards and Controls 18 C.3. Considerations of Past Practices 18 D. Irrigation D.1. Overview of Current Process 18 D.2. Evaluation of Hazards and Controls 19 D.3. Considerations of Past Practices 20 E. -
Download This Document In
www.dmg.kerala.gov.in Commo nly Encountered Gemstones GEM TESTING LABORATORY DEPARTMENT OF MINING AND GEOLOGY GOVERNMENT OF KERALA 2010 Department of Mining and Geology, Government of Kerala Commonly Encountered Gemstones A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic, homogeneous substance with a definite chemical composition and a regular three dimensional arrangement of atoms. A rock is an aggregate of minerals. From time immemorial several minerals and rocks have been used as gemstones. Nowadays not only minerals and rocks, any material, say metallic, amorphous, synthetic, organic or inorganic, that has substantial beauty, rarity and durability and can be fashioned into a desirable and attractive form is being used as a gem. The table given below shows the gem varieties of some of the minerals/rocks commonly used as gemstones. The photos of the gemstones in the table below have been captured in the Gem Testing Lab of the Department. Name of mineral Chemical Hardness Gem Varieties composition (Indian Names, if any) 1) Andalusite (brown, yellow) 2) Viridine (green) Andalusite Al2SiO5 7 - 7.5 3) Chiastolite (black cross-like core in a dark brown background) 1) Apatite (white, rose, orange, yellow, red, pink, blue, green) Apatite Ca5(PO4)3 (F, 5 Cl, O, OH)3 2 ) Apatite cat’s eye Azurite Cu3(CO3)2 3.5 - 4 Azurite (light blue to dark blue) (OH)2 1) Emerald (green) Marathakam / Panna 2) Aquamarine (blue) Beruj 3) Heliodor (golden, yellow) Beryl 7.5 - 8 4) Morganite (pink) Be3Al2Si6O18 5) Bixbite (red) 6) Maxixe Beryl (deep blue Page | 2 website: www.dmg.kerala.gov.in email: [email protected] Department of Mining and Geology, Government of Kerala Name of mineral Chemical Hardness Gem Varieties composition (Indian Names, if any) [fading]) 7) Goshenite (colourless) 8) Beryl cat’s eye 9) Star Beryl 10) Parti – coloured Beryl 11) Trapiche emerald (green with black intersecting spokes) Calcite CaCO3 3 1) Calcite (white, yellow, brown, pink, blue) 2) Iceland spar (colourless) Charoite .