S3280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE May 24, 2011 (E) regulatory relief is provided to small (3) respectfully requests the Secretary of Whereas Jack Johnson was arrested by businesses through the reduction of duplica- the Senate to transmit an enrolled copy of Federal marshals on October 18, 1912, for tive or unnecessary regulatory requirements this resolution to— transporting the woman across State lines that increase costs for small businesses; and (A) the Alaska Aces ownership; for an ‘‘immoral purpose’’ in violation of the (F) leveling the playing field for con- (B) the Commissioner of the East Coast Mann Act; tracting opportunities remains a primary Hockey League, Brian McKenna; and Whereas the Mann Act charges against focus, so that small businesses, particularly (C) the Commissioner Emeritus of the East Jack Johnson were dropped when the woman minority-owned small businesses, can com- Coast Hockey League, Patrick J. Kelly. refused to cooperate with Federal authori- pete for and win more of the $400,000,000,000 ties, and then married Jack Johnson; in contracts that the Federal Government f Whereas Federal authorities persisted and enters into each year for goods and services. SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- summoned a White woman named Belle Schreiber, who testified that Jack Johnson f TION 22—EXPRESSING THE had transported her across State lines for SENSE OF CONGRESS THAT JOHN the purpose of ‘‘prostitution and debauch- SENATE RESOLUTION 198—CON- ARTHUR ‘‘JACK’’ JOHNSON ery’’; GRATULATING THE ALASKA SHOULD RECEIVE A POST- Whereas in 1913, Jack Johnson was con- ACES HOCKEY TEAM ON WIN- HUMOUS PARDON FOR THE RA- victed of violating the Mann Act and sen- NING THE 2011 KELLY CUP AND CIALLY MOTIVATED CONVICTION tenced to 1 year and 1 day in Federal prison; BECOMING THE EAST COAST IN 1913 THAT DIMINISHED THE Whereas Jack Johnson fled the United ATHLETIC, CULTURAL, AND HE- States to Canada and various European and HOCKEY LEAGUE CHAMPIONS South American countries; FOR THE SECOND TIME IN TEAM ROIC SIGNIFICANCE OF JACK Whereas Jack Johnson lost the Heavy- HISTORY JOHNSON AND UNDULY TAR- weight Championship title to Jess Willard in Mr. BEGICH (for himself and Ms. NISHED HIS REPUTATION Cuba in 1915; Whereas Jack Johnson returned to the MURKOWSKI) submitted the following Mr. MCCAIN submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was re- United States in July 1920, surrendered to resolution; which was considered and authorities, and served nearly a year in the agreed to: ferred to the Committee on the Judici- Federal penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kan- S. RES. 198 ary: sas; Whereas on Saturday, May 21, 2011, the S. CON. RES. 22 Whereas Jack Johnson subsequently Alaska Aces won the second Kelly Cup cham- Whereas John Arthur ‘‘Jack’’ Johnson was fought in boxing matches, but never regained pionship in the history of the team with a 5- a flamboyant, defiant, and controversial fig- the Heavyweight Championship title; 3 victory over the Kalamazoo Wings; ure in the history of the United States who Whereas Jack Johnson served his country Whereas the Alaska Aces lost only 1 game challenged racial biases; during World War II by encouraging citizens throughout the entire 2011 Kelly Cup play- Whereas Jack Johnson was born in Gal- to buy war bonds and participating in exhi- offs; veston, Texas, in 1878 to parents who were bition boxing matches to promote the war Whereas the Alaska Aces finished the reg- former slaves; bond cause; ular season by winning an impressive 35 of Whereas Jack Johnson became a profes- Whereas Jack Johnson died in an auto- the final 41 games; sional boxer and traveled throughout the mobile accident in 1946; Whereas the Alaska Aces won the Brabham United States, fighting White and African- Whereas in 1954, Jack Johnson was in- Cup with the best record in the East Coast American heavyweights; ducted into the Boxing Hall of Fame: and Hockey League regular season; Whereas after being denied (on purely ra- Whereas on July 29, 2009, the 111th Con- Whereas head coach Brent Thompson led cial grounds) the opportunity to fight 2 gress agreed to Senate Concurrent Resolu- the Alaska Aces to the Kelly Cup champion- White champions, in 1908, Jack Johnson was tion 29, which expressed the sense of the ship in only his second year as head coach granted an opportunity by an Australian 111th Congress that Jack Johnson should re- and received the John Brophy award as the promoter to fight the reigning White title- ceive a posthumous pardon for his racially East Coast Hockey League’s Coach of the holder, Tommy Burns; motivated 1913 conviction: Now, therefore, be Year; Whereas Jack Johnson defeated Tommy it Whereas Alaska Aces Captain Scott Burt Burns to become the first African-American Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- became the first player in East Coast Hockey to hold the title of Heavyweight Champion of resentatives concurring), That it remains the League history to win 3 Kelly Cups; the World; sense of Congress that Jack Johnson should Whereas Alaska Aces forward Scott Howes Whereas the victory by Jack Johnson over receive a posthumous pardon— was named the Most Valuable Player of the Tommy Burns prompted a search for a White (1) to expunge a racially motivated abuse Kelly Cup playoffs with 7 goals and 19 points boxer who could beat Jack Johnson, a re- of the prosecutorial authority of the Federal earned during the postseason; cruitment effort that was dubbed the search Government from the annals of criminal jus- Whereas Alaska Aces forward Wes Goldie for the ‘‘great white hope’’; tice in the United States; and was named Most Valuable Player for the Whereas in 1910, a White former champion (2) in recognition of the athletic and cul- 2010-2011 East Coast Hockey League regular named Jim Jeffries left retirement to fight tural contributions of Jack Johnson to soci- season with 83 points; Jack Johnson in Reno, Nevada; ety. Whereas Alaska Aces goaltender Gerald Whereas Jim Jeffries lost to Jack Johnson Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, today I Coleman backstopped the Alaska Aces with a in what was deemed the ‘‘Battle of the Cen- am re-introducing a resolution calling record of 11 wins and 1 loss during the Kelly tury’’; on the President of the United States Cup playoffs and was selected as the East Whereas the defeat of Jim Jeffries by Jack to posthumously pardon the world’s Coast Hockey League’s Goaltender of the Johnson led to rioting, aggression against first African-American heavyweight Year; African-Americans, and the racially moti- Whereas the Alaska Aces benefitted from vated murder of African-Americans nation- boxing champion, John Arthur ‘‘Jack’’ the veteran leadership of center and native wide; Johnson. Alaskan Brian Swanson; Whereas the relationships of Jack Johnson As you may remember, Representa- Whereas the hard work and dedication of with White women compounded the resent- tive PETER KING and I introduced a the entire team lead the Alaska Aces to vic- ment felt toward him by many Whites; similar bipartisan resolution during tory; Whereas between 1901 and 1910, 754 African- the last session of Congress, and it Whereas the East Coast Hockey League Americans were lynched, some for simply for passed both chambers unanimously. I has developed some of the greatest hockey being ‘‘too familiar’’ with White women; was very pleased that two of the reso- players who have later enjoyed successful ca- Whereas in 1910, Congress passed the Act of reers in the National Hockey League and the June 25, 1910 (commonly known as the lution’s strongest supporters were the American Hockey League; and ‘‘White Slave Traffic Act’’ or the ‘‘Mann Senate Majority Leader, my friend Whereas Alaskans everywhere are proud of Act’’) (18 U.S.C. 2421 et seq.), which outlawed Senator REID, and the Chairman of the the accomplishments of the Alaska Aces in the transportation of women in interstate or Judiciary Committee, Senator LEAHY. the 2011 season: Now, therefore, be it foreign commerce ‘‘for the purpose of pros- However, I am disappointed to say that Resolved, That the Senate— titution or debauchery, or for any other im- the President still has not pardoned (1) congratulates each member and the moral purpose’’; Mr. Johnson. Today, I call upon my coaching staff of the Alaska Aces hockey Whereas in October 1912, Jack Johnson be- Senate colleagues to once again pass team on an impressive championship season; came involved with a White woman whose (2) recognizes the achievements of the East mother disapproved of their relationship and this resolution and send a clear mes- Coast Hockey League on another fine season sought action from the Department of Jus- sage to our President that this unac- of developing players and promoting ice tice, claiming that Jack Johnson had ab- ceptable historical injustice must be hockey in North America; and ducted her daughter; rectified.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 00:59 Feb 24, 2012 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\RECORD11\RECFILES\S24MY1.REC S24MY1 bjneal on DSK2TWX8P1PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE May 24, 2011 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S3281 For those who may not be familiar to various European and South Amer- SA 341. Mr. GRASSLEY submitted an with the plight of Jack Johnson, he is ican countries, before losing his heavy- amendment intended to be proposed by him considered by many to be the most weight championship title in Cuba in to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. dominant athlete in boxing history. 1915. He returned to the United States SA 342. Mr. GRASSLEY submitted an John Arthur Johnson was born March in 1920, surrendered to Federal authori- amendment intended to be proposed by him 31, 1878, in Galveston, TX, to parents ties, and served nearly a year in Fed- to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered who were former slaves. At an early eral prison. Despite this obvious and to lie on the table. age he realized his talent for the sweet clear injustice, Johnson refused to turn SA 343. Mr. GRASSLEY submitted an science. In order to make a living, his back on the country that betrayed amendment intended to be proposed by him Johnson traveled across the country to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered him. Mr. Johnson died in an auto- to lie on the table. fighting anyone willing to face him. mobile accident in 1946. SA 344. Mr. UDALL of New Mexico sub- But he was denied repeatedly, on pure- The Jack Johnson case is an igno- mitted an amendment intended to be pro- ly racial grounds, a chance to fight for minious stain on our Nation’s history. posed by him to the bill S. 1038, supra; which the world heavyweight title. For too Rectifying this injustice is long over- was ordered to lie on the table. SA 345. Mr. UDALL of New Mexico (for long, African-American fighters were due. Again, this resolution calls on the himself and Mr. MERKLEY) submitted an not seen as legitimate contenders for President to pardon Mr. Johnson post- the championship. Fortunately, after amendment intended to be proposed by him humously. It recognizes the unjustness to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered years of perseverance, Johnson was fi- of what transpired, and sheds light on to lie on the table. nally granted an opportunity in 1908 to the achievements of an athlete who SA 346. Mr. VITTER submitted an amend- fight the then-reigning title holder, was forced into the shadows of bigotry ment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie Tommy Burns. Johnson handily de- and prejudice. Johnson was a flawed in- feated Burns to become the first Afri- on the table. dividual who was certainly controver- SA 347. Mr. REID proposed an amendment can-American heavyweight champion. sial. But he was also a historic Amer- Mr. Johnson’s success in the ring, to the bill S. 990, to provide for an additional ican figure, whose life and accomplish- temporary extension of programs under the and sometimes indulgent lifestyle out- ments played an instrumental role in Small Business Act and the Small Business side of it, fostered resentment among our Nation’s progress toward true Investment Act of 1958, and for other pur- many and raised concerns that his con- poses. tinued sporting dominance would equality under the law. And he de- SA 348. Mr. REID proposed an amendment somehow disrupt what was then per- served much better than a racially mo- to amendment SA 347 proposed by Mr. REID ceived by many as a ‘‘racial order.’’ So, tivated conviction, which denied him to the bill S. 990, supra. SA 349. Mr. REID proposed an amendment a search for a Caucasian boxer who of his liberty and served to diminish his athletic, cultural, and historic sig- to the bill S. 990, supra. could defeat Johnson began, a cam- SA 350. Mr. REID proposed an amendment paign dubbed as the search for the nificance. to the bill S. 990, supra. ‘‘Great White Hope.’’ That hope arrived We are quickly coming up on the 65th SA 351. Mr. REID proposed an amendment in the person of a former champion, anniversary of Jack Johnson’s death, to amendment SA 350 proposed by Mr. REID and we should take this opportunity to to the bill S. 990, supra. Jim Jeffries, who returned from retire- SA 352. Mr. KYL submitted an amendment ment to fight Johnson in 1910. But allow future generations to grasp what he accomplished against great odds and intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. when Johnson defeated Jeffries, race 1038, to extend the expiring provisions of the riots broke out as many sought to appreciate his contributions to society USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthor- avenge the loss. unencumbered by the taint of his ization Act of 2005 and the Intelligence Re- Following the defeat of the ‘‘Great criminal conviction. We know that we form and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 White Hope,’’ the Federal government cannot possibly right the wrong that until June 1, 2015, and for other purposes; launched an investigation into the le- was done to Jack Johnson, but we can which was ordered to lie on the table. take this small step towards once SA 353. Mr. WICKER submitted an amend- gality of Johnson’s relationships with ment intended to be proposed by him to the Caucasian women. The Mann Act, again acknowledging his mistreatment bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie which was enacted in 1910, outlawed and removing the cloud that casts a on the table. the transport of Caucasian women shadow on his legacy. I urge my col- across State lines for the purpose of leagues to support this resolution. SA 335. Mr. KYL submitted an prostitution or debauchery, or for ‘‘any f amendment intended to be proposed by other immoral purpose.’’ Using the him to the bill S. 1038, to extend the AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND expiring provisions of the USA PA- ‘‘any other immoral purpose’’ clause as PROPOSED a pretext, federal law enforcement offi- TRIOT Improvement and Reauthoriza- cials set out to ‘‘get’’ Johnson. SA 335. Mr. KYL submitted an amendment tion Act of 2005 and the Intelligence On October 18, 1912, he was arrested intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act for transporting his Caucasian 1038, to extend the expiring provisions of the of 2004 until June 1, 2015, and for other girlfriend across State lines in viola- USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthor- purposes; which was ordered to lie on ization Act of 2005 and the Intelligence Re- tion of the Act. However, the charges the table; as follows: form and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 At the end, add the following: were dropped when the Caucasian, until June 1, 2015, and for other purposes; whose mother had originally tipped off SEC. 3. TERRORIST ASSAULTS, KIDNAPPINGS, which was ordered to lie on the table. AND MURDERS. Federal officials, refused to cooperate SA 336. Mr. KYL submitted an amendment (a) ADDITION OF SEXUAL ASSAULT TO DEFI- with authorities. She later married intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. NITION OF OFFENSE OF TERRORIST ASSAULT.— Johnson. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie on the Section 2332(c) of title 18, United States Yet Federal authorities persisted in table. Code, is amended— their persecution of Johnson, per- SA 337. Mr. KYL submitted an amendment (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘(as de- suading a former Caucasian girlfriend intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. fined in section 1365, including any conduct 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie on the that, if the conduct occurred in the special of Johnson’s to testify that he had table. transported her across State lines. Her maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the SA 338. Mr. DEMINT submitted an amend- United States, would violate section 2241 or testimony resulted in Johnson’s con- ment intended to be proposed by him to the 2242)’’ after ‘‘injury’’; viction in 1913. He was sentenced to 1 bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘(as de- year and 1 day in Federal prison. Dur- on the table. fined in section 1365, including any conduct ing Johnson’s appeal, one prosecutor SA 339. Mr. WYDEN (for himself, Mr. that, if the conduct occurred in the special admitted that ‘‘Mr. Johnson was per- UDALL of Colorado, Mr. MERKLEY, and Mr. maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the haps persecuted as an individual, but UDALL of New Mexico) submitted an amend- United States, would violate section 2241 or that it was his misfortune to be the ment intended to be proposed by him to the 2242)’’ after ‘‘injury’’; and bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered to lie foremost example of the evil in permit- (3) by striking the matter following para- on the table. graph (2) and inserting the following: ting the intermarriage of whites and SA 340. Mr. GRASSLEY submitted an ‘‘shall be punished as provided in section blacks.’’ amendment intended to be proposed by him 2242, and, if the conduct would violate sec- After the trial, Johnson fled the to the bill S. 1038, supra; which was ordered tion 2241(a) if it occurred in the special terri- country to Canada, and then traveled to lie on the table. torial or maritime jurisdiction of the United

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