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Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Basin Study

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Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Basin Study Coastside County Water District Half Moon Bay, California Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Basin Study June 2003 Todd Engineers 2200 Powell Street, Suite 225 Emeryville, California Phone: 510 595-2120 Fax: 510 595-2112 Table of Contents Page Executive Summary ..........................................................................................................1 Background and Purpose...........................................................................................................................1 Scope and Study Area ...............................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................2 Hydrogeologic Setting.......................................................................................................3 Location......................................................................................................................................................3 Climate .......................................................................................................................................................3 Land Use....................................................................................................................................................4 Groundwater Development and Wells........................................................................................................7 Soils ...........................................................................................................................................................9 Streamflow ...............................................................................................................................................10 Geologic Setting.......................................................................................................................................11 Hydrogeologic Cross Sections .................................................................................................................13 Lower Pilarcitos Creek Test Well Analysis......................................................................16 Drilling and Construction ..........................................................................................................................16 Hydraulic Analysis....................................................................................................................................18 Well Construction Program ......................................................................................................................21 Wellfield Operation and Life Expectancy..................................................................................................22 Marine Terrace Hydraulic Properties ..............................................................................24 Pumping Tests .........................................................................................................................................24 Groundwater Elevation Maps ...................................................................................................................25 Groundwater Fluctuations ........................................................................................................................26 Aquifer Storage and Usable Storage........................................................................................................27 Groundwater Discharge ...........................................................................................................................27 Saltwater Intrusion....................................................................................................................................27 Land Subsidence .....................................................................................................................................28 Watershed Water Balance ..............................................................................................30 Methodology and Data .............................................................................................................................30 Area above the Purisima Creek Gauge....................................................................................................31 Area above the Pilarcitos Creek below Stone Dam Gauge......................................................................32 Area above Pilarcitos Creek at Half Moon Bay Gauge.............................................................................33 Groundwater Basin Water Balance.................................................................................35 Inflows ......................................................................................................................................................35 Outflows ...................................................................................................................................................40 Change in Storage ...................................................................................................................................42 Water Balance Equation...........................................................................................................................43 Drought Conditions...................................................................................................................................44 Trends......................................................................................................................................................45 Previous Work..........................................................................................................................................46 Perennial (Safe) Yield ..............................................................................................................................47 Water Quality ..................................................................................................................50 CCWD Test Wells and Drought Relief Wells............................................................................................50 Groundwater Quality in AP Book 56 Area ................................................................................................52 Possible Anthropogenic Contamination Sources .....................................................................................52 Economic Feasibility .......................................................................................................54 Background ..............................................................................................................................................54 Water Quality and Treatment ...................................................................................................................55 Economic Feasibility.................................................................................................................................57 Conclusions.....................................................................................................................62 References......................................................................................................................63 i LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Study Area Map Figure 2 Precipitation at Half Moon Bay Airport Figure 3 Average Monthly Precipitation for Half Moon Bay Figure 4 Mean Annual Areal Distribution of Precipitation Figure 5 Groundwater Basin Land Use Figure 6 Half Moon Bay Land Use Plan Figure 7 Annual Wells Drilled and CCWD New Connections Figure 8 Areal Distribution of Water Well Drillers Reports, Half Moon Bay Figure 9 Streamflow near Half Moon Bay Figure 10 Streamflow for Pilarcitos Creek below Stone Dam Figure 11 Streamflow for Purisima Creek near Half Moon Bay Figure 12 Average Monthly Discharge at Streamflow Stations Figure 13 Geology in the vicinity of Half Moon Bay Figure 14 Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Study Cross Section Figure 15 Cross Section Location Map Figure 16 Cross Section A-A’ near CCWD Test Wells Figure 17 Cross Section B-B’ near Balboa Wellfield Figure 18 Cross Section C-C’ Parallel to Pilarcitos Creek Figure 19 Water Level Hydrographs of Wells 29F04 and 32K Figure 20 Water Quality Assessment Figure 21 Water Quality Analysis (a) ) Water Differentiation, (b) Calcium-Sulfate, and (c) Groundwater Source Figure 22 Groundwater Supply Evaluation Site Map Figure 23 Groundwater Supply Evaluation Schematic Diagram Figure 24 Groundwater Supply Evaluation Nunes Water Treatment Plant Figure 25 Groundwater Supply Evaluation Typical Well Equipment ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Groundwater Basin Land Use Area Table 2 Percent Impervious Area for Selected Land Use Types Table 3 Summary of Streamflow Data near Half Moon Bay Table 4 Summary of Test Boring/Well Construction Details for Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Investigation Table 5 Summary of Hydraulic Data for Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Investigation Table 6 Lower Pilarcitos Creek Test Wells – Operating Parameters (a) Winter, (b) Summer Table 7 Summary of Hydraulic Data for Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Investigation at the Balboa Wellfield Table 8 Summary of Gauge Station Areas and Average Discharges Table 9 Pilarcitos Creek Regional Water Balance Table 10 Groundwater Basin Land Use Areas for Water Balance Table 11 Lower Pilarcitos Creek Groundwater Basin
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