Nikkei Images

National Nikkei Museum and Heritage Centre Newsletter ISSN#1203-9017 Autumn 2005, Vol. 10, No. 3

Zennosuke Inouye: Canadian Veteran by Peter Neary the Second World War. I could see and they had five children: Arthur, immediately that his story deserved Tom, Robert, Mary and Beverley. to be told. That set me on my quest. In The Inouyes built up a successful this I was extremely fortunate that his farm on Sandell Road in Surrey and daughter, Beverley Inouye, had family Zennosuke was a leading figure in the records, a fine memory, and a most work of the Surrey Berry Growers’ generous attitude towards having Co-operative Association. When the her father’s story told. The result Second World War began, Inouye is an article entitled “Zennosuke was still making loan payments as Inouye’s Land: A Canadian Veterans a soldier settler but, unlike many Affairs Dilemma,” which appeared other participants in that troubled in the September 2004 issue of the settlement scheme, he was still on Canadian Historical Review. the land and still in business. Zennosuke Inouye came to The fact that he was a veteran, Canada from Japan in 1900 and however, did not save him and his during his first years in this country family from being removed from the worked at a variety of jobs in British Sandell Road property in 1942. Nor Columbia. He was versatile, skilful did his status as a veteran exempt Zennosuke Inouye. ( Inouye Family and resourceful and knew how to his property from the compulsory photo, 1919) make a living. In 1916 he enlisted in sale of Japanese-Canadian assets My interest in the career of Calgary in the “Canadian Over-Seas that followed. Ironically, Inouye’s Zennosuke Inouye arises out of my Expeditionary Force” and the next property was sold for use under long-standing work on the history year was wounded in France. He the Veterans’ Land Act, which of Canadian veterans of the two left the army in 1919 and the same Parliament passed in 1942 to provide world wars of the twentieth century. year acquired fifty acres of wild opportunities for land settlement for My first venture into this field, a land in Surrey, British Columbia, veterans of the Second World War. 1993 article on how Newfoundland under a soldier settlement scheme The irony was not lost on Inouye, veterans became Canadian veterans, promoted by Ottawa after the war. In who campaigned vigorously during was followed by work on women 1920 he married Hatsuno Morikawa Continued on page 2 veterans and the co-editorship of Contents The Veterans Charter and Post- Zennosuke Inouye: Canadian Veteran 1 Japanese Canadian Veterans and War Memorial in Stanley Park 2 World War II Canada (Montreal Unveil Japanese Memorial Today 3 and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s Unveil Shaft to Japanese Soldiers 3 University Press, 1998). One day Monument to Japanese Canadian Volunteers Serving in Great European War 5 Lest We Forget 5 in my subsequent research on the Yoshizo and Alice Myra Takeuchi 8 history of Canadian veterans – a Thoughts on the Canadian Japanese Volunteer Corps 12 Fred Kagawa’s War 13 big subject in the twentieth-century Upcoming NNMHC Events 15 history of this country – I came across JCNM - Fall 2005 Report 16 a reference to Zennosuke Inouye’s NNMHC Role in the Kushiro 40th Anniversary Visit 17 Book Review: Tasaka 18 dealings with the Government of Tamaka Fisher: Life Artist 19 Canada during and immediately after Photographs of Stan Rowe 21 Monument to Japanese Canadian Volunteers Serving in Great European War (J) 22 1 Announcements and after the war to get his property on Sandell Road was restored to him. Salute to 5 Years Fundraising Dinner back. “Your petitioner believes,” This was exceptional. He was, as far Sat. Sep. 24, 2005, 6:00 - 9:00 PM he told Prime Minister Mackenzie as I can determine, the only Japanese- 2nd Annual Japan Expo King in 1944, “that his loyalty to Canadian veteran to recover property Sat. Oct. 1, 2005, 10:30 - 2:30 PM Canada has been well tested in the from the Government of Canada. great war, and that it does not seem Zennosuke Inouye’s long Japanese Farmer’s Market Sat. Oct. 15, 2005, 11:00 AM - 2:30 PM fair for the government to take away campaign for the restoration of what from one ex-service man a property was rightfully his is an important JCNM Lecture Series, NNMHC Thu. October 20, 7:00 PM so dear to him in order that it may episode in the history of British Donna Yoshitake Wuest be given to [a] soldier returning from Columbia and Canada. Moreover, as Coldstream: The Ranch Where It All Began the present war.” Inouye never took I wrote in my article for the Canadian NNMHC Children’s Halloween Party his case to court but after the war Historical Review, the story of the Sat. Oct. 29, 2005, 11:00 AM - 1:00 PM he appealed for support to his old little man who confronts entrenched commanding officer, Major-General authority and wins is always worth 5th Annual Christmas Craft/Bake Sale Sat. Nov. 19, 2005, 10:00 AM - 4:00 PM W.W. Foster, and to the Canadian telling in a democracy. In truth, the Legion. He also presented his case to lives of Zennosuke and Hatsuno Naomi’s Road by Vancouver Opera Sat. Nov. 26, 2005, 7:30 PM - 11:30 PM the Royal Commission on Japanese- Inouye and their family have many Canadian Claims headed by Justice lessons for Canadians. That is why, Nikkei Winter Dance Henry Irvine Bird, another veteran once launched into this research, Sat. Nov. 26, 2005, 7:30 PM - 11:30 PM of the Great War. Bird responded I pursued the details of a complex All Events at NNMHC favourably to Inouye’s appeal, as story from Charlottetown, Prince did Milton Gregg, who had won the Edward Island, to Victoria, British Nikkei Images is published by Victoria Cross in the Great War and Columbia. That story reminds us the National Nikkei Museum became Minister of Veterans Affairs vividly of events that must never be and Heritage Centre Society in 1948. In 1949 Inouye’s property forgotten. ❁ Japanese Canadian Veterans and Editorial Committee: Stanley Fukawa, Grace Hama, War Memorial in Stanley Park Jim Hasegawa, Frank Kamiya, This issue of NIKKEI IMAGES on the unveiling of the memorial and Mitsuo Yesaki, Carl Yokota is dedicated to the Japanese Cana- are reprinted in the following three dian veterans who participated in articles. The Pacific Newspaper Subscription to Nikkei Images conflicts since World War I and the Group kindly granted permission to is free with your yearly Japanese Canadian War Memorial. reprint The VANCOUVER DAILY membership to NNMHCS: With the end of World War I, PROVINCE and THE VANCOU- Family $25 a grateful Japanese community in VER DAILY SUN. The TAIRIKU Individual $20 Vancouver paid tribute to its war NIPPO article on page 5 was sum- Senior/Student $15 dead at a service in the Empress marized into English by Sakuya Senior Couple $20 Theatre on January 31st. Tadaichi Nishimura. The Japanese version is Non-profit Association $50 Nagao, chairman of the Canadian reprinted on page 22. Corporate $100 Japanese Association, hosted the Sometime during World War II $1 per copy for non-members service and Reverend S.S. Oster- the Japanese Canadian war memo- hout of the Methodist Church gave rial was moved and the light in the NIKKEI PLACE the benediction in both English and lantern atop the memorial extin- 6688 Southoaks Crescent, Burnaby, B.C., V5E 4M7 Japanese. guished. In the mid-1980s a com- Canada A grateful Japanese community mittee was organized to raise mon- tel: (604) 777-7000 also raised $15,000 to build a per- ey and lobby for the restoration of fax: (604) 777-7001 manent war memorial in Stanley the war memorial and relighting of [email protected] Park. The memorial was erected on the lantern. The restored memorial www.jcnm.ca the third anniversary of the Battle of was officially dedicated on August www.nikkeiimages.com Vimy Ridge, April 9th, 1920. THE 2, 1985. The English version of the VANCOUVER DAILY PROV- brochure distributed on that occa- INCE, THE VANCOUVER DAILY sion is reprinted beginning on page SUN and TAIRIKU NIPPO reported 5. ❁ 2 Unveil Japanese Memorial Today (reprinted from THE VANCOUVER DAILY SUN, April 9th, 1920, page 14, with permissin from the Pacific Newspaper Group) Alderman McRae Delegated to Officiate at Ceremony on Behalf of City. In the absence of Acting Mayor enough of the country they lived in in which a light will be kept burning Ramsay, who is prevented from to bear arms in its defense, the ma- continually. attending, owing to press of civic jority of whom have returned to their This light will be switched on business, Ald. J. J. McRae has been homes in Canada. today by Ald. McRae following, the delegated to officiate at the unveil- The memorial will have a most unveiling of the monument. Follow- ing of the Japanese war memorial in picturesque setting amid the forest ing the unveiling ceremony, which Stanley Park today. This handsome giants of Stanley Park. It was erected is scheduled for 12:30, there will be memorial, which has been erected a by the local Canadian Japanese Asso- a luncheon tendered the representa- short distance back of the pavilion ciation and bears tribute to the ability tives of civic and other public bodies and along the chain of duck ponds, of a local artist, James A. Benzle. present at the Hotel Vancouver at is intended to perpetuate the memory While generally simple and clearly 1:30. The G.W.V.A. band will render of fifty-four gallant sons of Nippon Occidental in its general design, it appropriate selections at the unveil- who made the supreme sacrifice has just enough of the Oriental touch ing and also at the luncheon. At 7 while serving with the Canadian in the exquisitely executed Japanese o’clock this evening there will be a Expeditionary Force, and also as a lantern in marble, which surmounts banquet in the Orange Hall, at which roll of honour to bear the names of the 39-foot column of selected Had- local Japanese and Japanese returned 140 Japanese soldiers who thought dington Island white sandstone, and soldiers will attend. ❁ Unveil Shaft to Japanese Soldiers (reprinted from THE VANCOUVER DAILY PROVINCE, April 9th, 1920, with permission from the Pacific Newspaper Group) Picturesque Ceremony Took Place at Stanley Park, Near Narrows Memorial Perpetuates the Names of 54 Who Died with Canadian Forces Cost was Contributed by the Japanese Residents of Dominion Dedication Service Followed by Luncheon at Hotel Vancouver. To the accompaniment of Cho- who in the absence of Mayor Gale or panels on which are inscribed in pin’s funeral march and with a and the acting-mayor represented the leaded characteristics the months of background of towering Douglas firs city. “I accept this beautiful tribute the year and the names of the battles and cedars the Japanese war memo- from the Japanese citizens in memory in which the Japanese soldiers took rial was solemnly dedicated today of their glorious dead on behalf of the part. On the pedestal, which sup- in Stanley Park. It stands beside the city of Vancouver,” said Ald. McRae, ports the column are four bronze duck ponds, close to the Narrows. as he pulled the cord which removed plates. One containing the names of The mountains across the Inlet in all the large Union Jack with which the the fifty-four soldiers who made the their glory, bathed in bright sunshine memorial was draped. Three cheers supreme sacrifice, another the names and caressed by a gentle breeze, were then given for the King, and the of the survivors who have returned, seemed to join in this last tribute ceremony concluded with the band the third the Canadian coat-of-arms to the Japanese soldiers who will- playing God Save the King. and on the remaining face is a plate ingly laid their lives for their adopted bearing the coat-of-arms of Japan. country and for the cause of right Description of Memorial A terra cotta roof crowns the whole and justice. Standing on a twelve-foot poly- structure in an effective but simple A crowd of interested spectators gon base of chiselled granite the design. The memorial was designed had gathered to witness the cer- thirty-four-foot column of Had- by Mr. James A. Benzle of this city emony. The G. W. V. A. band attired dington Island white sandstone, sur- and it cost approximately $15,000 in khaki, commenced the celebration mounted by an exquisitely executed was de-frayed by the Japanese by playing the Maple Leaf Forever. marble lantern, fashioned after a residents of Canada. The honor roll Reverand W.H. Vance, principal of Japanese model, presented an im- containing the names of those Japa- Latimer Ball, then read the prayer. posing and artistic appearance. The nese who were killed fighting in the He was followed by Ald. J. J. McRae base is divided into twelve sections Continued on page 4 3 Dedication Speech Mr. Matamoshin Abe, the presi- dent of the Canadian Japanese As- sociation was master of ceremonies, and following the address of Ald. J. J. McRae spoke as follows: “There is no one among us, I believe, but, when he looks upon this column with its light constantly buming, in memory of those in France and Flan- ders Fields, forever guiding us into a more noble purpose, will proudly say that while such men as these live, freedom and liberty shall never per- ish from the earth.” “I know that there are those among us who are indeed proud to realise that here is a monument raised to the memory not only of those Canadians who were of British origin, but likewise to those Canadi- ans who were of other origins, w h o having become Canadians in name, were not content to be other than Canadians in spirit and in deed.” “It is fitting, on this occasion, on this anniversary of perhaps the most fierce struggle that ever took place between opposing forces. In any war, at any time, that some men- tion be made of those Canadians of Japanese origin who took part in the conflict, of which the struggle at Vimy Ridge is but an episode. It can only be a tribute to the gallant fellows Founding members of the Canadian Japanese Association at the Japanese to narrate how they persisted in drill- Canadian War Memorial, Stanley Park, Vancouver, B.C. (JCNM photo, ca. 1920) ing and in training at the expense of Canadian Expeditionary Forces fol- Teiji Nishioka, Hikojiro Narita, Chi- themselves and of those who were in lows:Noboru Asada, Kitchisaburo yoichi Nakamura, Eigoro Nikaido, sympathy with their determination Akiyama, Ichiroji Saka, Tagakichi Masakichi Otani, Otokichi Ohnishi, to fight for Canada, until they were Fukui, Chikara Fujita, Tomoki Gi- Senjiro Okamasa, Kumakichi Oura, able to take their positions alongside yotoku, Kazuo Harada, Chiyotaro Gohichi Shibata, Teikichi Shichi, Canada’s other fighting men. It can Hamaguchi, Motokichi Hayashi, Usaku Shibuda, Yushimatsu Sugi- not detract from the honour due these Chikio Hajima, Shinkichi Hara, moto, Teiji Suda, Takezo Shiirasago, Canadians by choice to speak of what Jiko Nishimura, Hikogozo Inouye, Heijiro Shinomiya, Kijoro Tokun- they endured in common with others, Riyukichi Ishii, Tokutaro Iwamoto, aga, Takehiko Tokunaga, Yosojiro whose duty it was to do and to die: Iku Kumagawa, Moichi Kamakura, Tanaka, Yaoze Takeuchi, Setsujiro to speak of the careers of the 196 Katsukuma Katayama, Hikotaro Tsuchiya, Kohei Tada, Kunisuke men who willingly went in Canada’s Koyonagi, Iwakichi Kojima, Sei- Tatsuoka, Toyotaro Takayagi, Tosaku cause: how they suffered, struggled boyo Kurifu, Sajiro Matsubayashi, Uchihashi, Tsunematsu Yamazaki, and fought, until the strenuous task Sotaro Motahashi, Toyojiro Matsui, Masaji Yamada, Heikichi Sugitani, was completed, and came back, 142 Toraki Matsumura, Hiroji Migita, Tokuji Sato. of them, all but twelve of whom have 4 left their blood upon the battlefields gave their life’s blood.” King”. A “Silent Toast” was proposed of France and Flanders.” by Major R.T. Colquhoun. “The “It is to these, along with the Luncheon is Held Returned Citizen” was proposed by others, that this column is raised. Upon the completion of the un- Capt. C.W. Whittaker on behalf of the Could it be erected to a place more veiling ceremony in Stanley Park the province and by Capt. Ian Mackenzie fitting than here near the shore of the guests were conveyed in automobiles on behalf of the city. Mr. Jonathan mighty ocean which alone divides to the Hotel Vancouver, where a lun- Rogers, chairman of the Parks Board, the East from the West? Could a cheon had been prepared in the lower proposed “Our Parks” and Acting place more suitable be found than dining room. Mayor Ramsay “Our City”. Mr. R. here, surrounded by the handiwork Mr. Abe presided and acted Ukita, the Japanese Consul, also of the Master Builder, in doing as toast-master. He proposed “The spoke. ❁ whose work they readily and nobly Monument to Japanese Canadian Volunteers Serving in Great European War (summarized from the TAIRIKU NIPPO (CONTINENTAL TIMES, April 9th,1920, page 1) On April 9,1920, the TAIRIKU to France in late 1916 and early 1917, killed in action were engraved on NIPPO (CONTINENTAL TIMES) participated in the battle and many of 12 squares of copper plate on the reported that the ceremony for the them were killed in action. Then the south side. The names of the returned unveiling of the Cenotaph for Japa- Canadian troops occupied Hill 70 in soldiers are engraved on the north nese Canadian Soldiers was held on August and many Japanese Canadian side. There was an engraving of a BC the anniversary of the taking of Vimy soldiers were also killed during this provincial flag maple leaf on the east Ridge by Canadian troops. conflict. In July 1918, the Allied side and a Japanese chrysanthemum The article stated in brief that… Forces rushed into Flanders and then on the west side. The pillar was 18 the unveiling ceremony of the me- through Belgium into Germany. The feet high with 4 marble windows, morial was held on April 9, 1920 in armistice was concluded on Nov. each lit by 200-watt bulbs. Stanley Park with many people in 11th. One year after the cease-fire, The article included sections attendance. The names of the 54 sol- the surviving 149 Japanese Canadian on each of the major battles and was diers who were killed in World War soldiers were repatriated to Canada. followed by a Japanese translation I were engraved on the monument. The memorial cost $15,000 of In Flanders Fields. A section It was a beautiful spring day and the and Mr. Benzle was its designer. was devoted to a list of the soldiers cherry blossoms were in full bloom. Construction of the statue began in killed in action, their names, birth Three years ago on this day, Cana- October 1919 and was completed six place (Prefecture in Japan), regi- dian soldiers captured Vimy Ridge months later. It was 34 feet high and ment numbers and the dates of their after several bloody attempts. About 17.4 feet in diameter at the base. The deaths. ❁ 100 Japanese Canadian soldiers, sent names and dates of the 54 soldiers Lest We Forget: A Dedication to Commemorate the Re-lighting of the War Memorial to Japanese Canadian Soldiers of World War I, August 2, 1985 by Tamio Wakayama In Appreciation fitting tribute to their heroic vision. work has just begun for we hope to In 1916 Japanese Canadians We are deeply grateful to the City of undertake a complete restoration of went to war with the vision that Vancouver for their generous grant the Monument: repairs to the stone- their adopted land could turn from which has enabled the restoration work, resealing of joints, corrections fear and intolerance to become a of the War Memorial light. We wish and additions to the names inscribed nation of justice and enlightenment. also to acknowledge the able assis- on the plaques, and finally a protec- The restoration of the Memorial, tance of the Vancouver Parks Board, tive sealant for the monument itself achieved through the cooperative which has not only solved the many and a guard rail around its perimeter effort and support of so many diverse technical problems but also agreed to to minimize further deterioration. elements of our cultural mosaic, is a maintain the light in the future. The Continued on page 6 5 Several months ago, the Vancouver land. As a descendant of a noble war- to Medicine Hat, where they were JCCA War Memorial Committee, rior family in Toyama-ken, he had no accepted into the 13th Canadian headed by Frank Kamiya, began doubt that the samurai fighting spirit, Mounted Rifles. These 25 were the a national campaign for donations fighting in Canadian Army uniform, first Japanese Canadians to fight for to cover the cost of the necessary could win honour and trust for his their country. Soon others followed work. The response has been most maligned community and thereby and were recruited by a number of gratifying. break the barriers of discrimination. other regiments of Alberta. In 1916, at a meeting of the CJA, In the deadly trench warfare of Japanese Canadian Soldiers of Yamazaki used his considerable in- France, the Japanese Canadian vol- World War I fluence and persuasive eloquence to unteers became legendary for their On Christmas Day everything bring his vision to reality. Strong op- courage and steadfastness under fire, was quiet up to noon. When the position came from those who bitterly and as a group, they were among the enemy started to drop mortar shells remembered their earlier rejection by most highly decorated soldiers of on our lines, we replied with ours. the Canadian Army for service in the WW I. Of the nearly 200 volunteers That was our Christmas Day; we Boer War, but eventually, after hours that served overseas, 54 were killed, had no presents to open. At 8:00 PM of heated debate, the gathering voted and only 12 managed to return home the enemy attacked our right flank, unanimously to form the Canadian unscathed. They gave their lives will- guarded by the 49th Battalion and Japanese Volunteer Corps. ingly so that all Japanese Canadians the Princess Pat’s. They were able An appeal was made to the small could gain the right to vote and en- to drive the enemy back, capturing community of Japanese Canadians joy the full privileges of democratic many prisoners. Our battalion also for volunteers and for donations to citizens. came under heavy artillery and ma- fund the new unit. The response was However, their sacrifice earned chine-gun fire. Tomoki Gyotoku was immediate and the Corps was able only limited concessions. For over firing at enemy machine guns when to engage Robert Colquhoun, com- a decade after their return from the he was hit in the face. He shouted, manding officer of an army reserve bloody trenches of Europe, the sur- “Yara reta! (I’m hit!) took five steps, unit in Vancouver, and a Sergeant- vivors of the Japanese Volunteers and collapsed. Because of the mud Major Hall, to train the recruits. At Corps, with the help of other Cana- it was very difficult getting him to the same time, the CJA began an dian veterans, fought unceasingly for the hospital. He died on the 27th intense campaign to have the Corps the right to vote. Finally, on April 1, December 1916 at 10:30 a.m. Los- accepted into the Canadian Army, 1931, almost 14 years after the Battle ing Gyotoku has filled me with great but despite numerous letters, tele- of Vimy Ridge, the B.C. Legislature, sadness; he was a good man.1 grams, and a costly trip to Ottawa by by a margin of one vote, elected to Immigration from Japan began Yamazaki himself, the offer was re- enfranchise the Japanese Canadian in the late 1800’s and by the begin- fused by the War Cabinet. Politicians Veterans of WW I. For the rest of ning of WW I, well over 10,000 had in B.C., fearing the enfranchisement the Japanese Canadians in B.C. the crossed the Pacific in search of a of the Japanese Canadians, had been barrier remained unbroken. better life in the new land. However, lobbying strenuously against the the promise of unlimited opportunity volunteers. Finally after five months The War Memorial was severely restricted by legislation, of training, the Canadian Japanese At the end of the war, Japanese which gave legal force to a prevailing Volunteer Corps, which had grown to Canadians gathered at the Empress attitude of racial fear and hostility. 227 men, was forced to disband. Theatre in Vancouver to pay tribute For the Japanese Canadian com- Meanwhile, the government to their fallen comrades. Soon after, munity in B.C. the main barrier to of Prime Minister Robert Borden, a proposal for a permanent memorial political and economic equality was had been experiencing great dif- won quick acceptance and in short the lack of franchise. ficulty in filling their quota for the order, the $15,000 needed for its con- Yasushi Yamazaki, president of Canadian Expeditionary Force to struction was donated by a grateful the Canadian Japanese Association fight in France. Seizing upon this and proud community. On April 9, (CJA), and editor of the TAIRIKU opportunity, the CJA held quiet 1920 the War Memorial in Stanley NIPPO, saw the war as an unique op- talks with the army recruiting rep- Park was dedicated and formally ac- portunity to, once and for all, demon- resentatives in Southern Alberta. A cepted by the City of Vancouver. strate the loyalty and commitment of number of former volunteers, using The twelve-foot base is divided Japanese immigrants to their adopted their own scant funds, rode the train into twelve polygons, with each bear-

6 ing the name of one of the twelve ordered to France where he joined the ment of the family home, which they battles in which the volunteers 10th Battalion, 2nd Infantry Brigade, would never see again, the Mitsui’s fought. On the pedestal supporting 1st Canadian Division. crowded into the cattle stalls of the column are four bronze plaques: He fought at Vimy Ridge and in Hastings Park, a temporary clearing one contains the honour roll of the another action four months later at house for the dispossessed coastal 54 war dead, another the names of nearby Hill 70 he led 35 men into community. Like so many others, the survivors, the third the Canadian battle. Only five survived and for the family was separated by the war: coat-of-arms, and the remaining has his own conspicuous bravery and the parents and Harry, their youngest the coat-of-arms of Japan. The 34- distinguished conduct, Mr. Mitsui son, were removed to an internment foot column of white sandstone is was awarded the Military Medal. camp in Greenwood, B.C.; the two surmounted by a marble Japanese Although wounded in action on April daughters, Lucy and Amy, went to lantern containing a light that was 28, 1917, he was able to return to the school in Alberta, while George, the once a familiar landmark for ships front and his determined heroism led eldest, went to work in Ontario. entering the port of Vancouver. The to further honours, the British War For years after the war, the Mit- light was extinguished sometime dur- Medal and the Victory Medal. sui’s tried unsuccessfully to return ing the dark days of WW II, when all Honourably discharged on April to their Port Coquitlam farm. Their Japanese Canadians, including those 23, 1919, with the rank of Sergeant, repeated request for fair compensa- who had fought in the first Great Mr. Mitsui returned to B.C. and tion was also denied. Eventually, the War, were forcibly removed from the eventually settled on a farm near family was reunited in St. Catherines, coastal area. Vancouver. He was president of the Ontario, where George had found In re-lighting the lantern of the all Japanese Canadian Legion Branch work as a farmhand, and in time, they War Memorial we reaffirm our deep No. 9 when the B.C. government settled in nearby Hamilton, which has pride and indebtedness to the men finally voted to grant the franchise to been their community for the last 30 of the Japanese Canadian Volunteers the Issei veterans of WW I. years. Mr. Mitsui is currently living Corps who fought and died for their At the outbreak of WW II, Mr. in the home of his daughter, Amy, country and for the betterment of Mitsui, his wife, Sugiko and their where he enjoys regular visits with their community. They made the four children were successfully his four grandchildren. ❁ ultimate sacrifice so that we, their operating their 17-acre poultry farm descendents, may live with honour in Port Coquitlam. After Pearl Har- 1 From We Went To War, p.44. and dignity in this nation of many bor, Mr. Mitsui acted briefly as an The above is an excerpt from a let- peoples from many lands. interpreter for the interned Japanese ter to the father of Private Tomoki nationals but when he learned that Gyotoku, 52 New Ontario Battalion, Sergeant Masumi Mitsui2 all Japanese Canadians were to be killed in battle at Armentiere, France. The French army tried but they stripped of their possessions and The writer, Corporal Iku Kumagawa, couldn’t do it. Next, the English, they freedoms and forcibly removed from was himself slain by enemy artillery could not get over. Then the Canadi- the coast, he flung his medals on the fire on January 6, 1917. ans went in. We took Vimy Ridge.2 floor of the B.C. Security Commis- 2 Sgt. Masumi Mitsui (War Heroes We are greatly honoured today by sion office. After hurriedly storing Dishonoured, Macleans Magazine, the presence of Mr. Masumi Mitsui, their valued possessions in the base- May 20, 1985) 98, who is one of the two surviv- ing Japanese Canadian veterans of WW I; the other is Mr. Shinsuke Kobayashi, 92, who was a private in the 49th Canadian Infantry and is currently living in Tokyo. Mr. Mitsui, who immigrated to this country in 1908 from Fukuoka- ken, has a distinguished service record, which began in 1916 when he went to Calgary to enlist with the 192nd Overseas Battalion. He em- barked for Europe in late 1916 and in January of the following year was Plaque commemorating re-lighting of Japanese Canadian War Memorial. (Carl Yokota photo, 2003) 7 Family History Series No. 3 Yoshizo and Alice Myra Takeuchi by Mitsuo Yesaki volunteers to Calgary and was apparently asked to look after their affairs in the event they were killed. Yoshizo enlisted in the 175th Overseas Battalion and embarked for England in October 1916. He was transferred to the 50th Battalion and served in France and Belgium. He was paid $1/day for service in the army plus $0.10/day for being in the field. He arranged for $10 of his wages be forwarded to his elder sister in Japan. He was wounded at Vimy Ridge on May 11th, 1917 and hospitalized in England for the next five months with a severely fractured right leg. On October 15th, 1918, he was again hospitalized, this time with influenza (Span- ish flu ?). He was honourably discharged from the army in Vancouver on February 1st, 1919 with the British War and Victory Medals. These were awarded to all eligible army personnel that served overseas. Unknown to his family until a granddaughter ob- tained his koseki from the Honjo City office in Saitama Prefecture many years later, Yoshizo, as the oldest son, was listed as the heir to the family lands. The koseki also showed he had adopted Yuji, the second son of Katsujiro and Hatsu Tomizawa on December 13, 1916 after embark- ing for overseas service. The portion of his wages diverted to Japan probably supported his adopted son. After he was discharged in Vancouver, he must have travelled to Japan as the koseki shows he married Kogure Tai on April 16th, 1919 and a daughter, Yoshie, was born in January 1920. He probably returned to Canada some time after Yoshizo Takeuchi in Canadian Expeditionary Forces his marriage to Kogure. The marriage was annulled by uniform. (Hanada Family photo, ca. 1916) consent on March 8th, 1924. Yoshizo Takeuchi was born in Saitama-ken, Japan Yoshizo probably resumed fishing the Nass River on February 3rd, 1886. He immigrated to Canada in about after his return to British Columbia. Veterans Affairs 1902 when he was 16 years old. Canada has no records of Yoshizo receiving a special Little is known of Yoshizo until 1916 when he en- fishing license issued to veterans after the war. Conse- listed in the Canadian army. His Attestation Form shows quently when the federal government introduced regula- he enlisted on September 1st, 1916 in Calgary, Alberta. He tions restricting the numbers of fishing licenses issued listed his address as 240 Alexander Street in Vancouver, to Japanese in 1924, he must have had a history in the which was a boarding house/restaurant owned by Ichi- fishery and thus able to retain his license. taro Suzuki. He listed his occupation as fisherman and Yoshizo had met Alice Myra Goodwin, a laundress, his next-of-kin as an elder sister, Hatsu Tomizawa, of on one of his hospital internments in England during the Oaza-Ikaho-mura, Ikao-cho, Gumma-gun, Gumma-ken, war. She followed Takeuchi to British Columbia and they Japan. Yoshizo probably fished the Nass River during the were married in New Westminster on February 17th, 1922. summer and roomed at the Suzuki boarding house during Alice had arrived with sufficient funds to return to Eng- the off-fishing season. Tadajiro Maye, another volunteer, land if the marriage did not work out. The couple moved also listed this boarding house as his residence. Suzuki into a small house that Yoshizo had built on a parcel of was a strong supporter of the scheme to recruit Japanese land along Johnston Road in White Rock. Veterans Af- volunteers and may have influenced unemployed board- fairs Canada has no records of Yoshizo acquiring land ers to volunteer. Suzuki even accompanied Japanese pursuant to the Soldier Settlement Act, but the children

8 and worked in a White Rock lumber mill near their house during the off-fishing season. One summer, when Yoshizo was away fishing, the house caught fire while Alice was baking bread on the kitchen stove with a sheet metal chimney. Alice escaped with the girls and only a Singer sewing machine. The family moved to Chilliwack where they resided for a short period and their youngest child, Tom, was born in 1932. Soon after, the family moved to a house on Borden Street in Prince Rupert where they lived during the off-fishing season. Each summer Yoshizo loaded the family on his boat for a 12-hour journey to the Arrandale Cannery on the Nass River. The family lived in a cannery house while Yoshizo fished and Alice worked in the cannery. She also washed laundry for cannery staff and bachelor fisher- men. In the mid-1930s, the family took up year-round residence at the Arrandale Cannery house. Besides the Takeuchi family, the off-fishing season residents at the cannery included the caretaker, Mr. and Mrs. Young and their young son, the Miki, Kihara and three other Japanese families. Yoshizo repaired his gillnets and boat during the off-season. The three girls completed their schooling through the provincial correspondance system. Yoshizo spoke English fairly well, but was unable to read and write in this idiom and it remains a mystery how they communicated between continents immediately after the war. Yoshizo was taciturn, never talking about himself and his relatives, and appeared to have severed contact with them. On the other hand, Alice recounted stories of Clockwise from top: Alice with Tom, Winnie, Grace and Myra in Chilliwack. (Takeuchi Family photo, ca. 1932) her life and relatives, and kept in constant contact with family members. Her daughter, Myra, continues to cor- were told the property was a settlement grant for his war respond with relatives in England. service. This property was near a similar piece of land While Yoshizo severed his connections to Japan, along Johnston Road where Tadajiro Maye, another he retained his cultural traditions and maintained good 50th Battalion veteran, lived with his English wife. The relations with his countrymen. He had a fondness for Takeuchis had three daughters in White Rock: Myra in Japanese food and frequently cooked traditional dishes. 1923, Winnie in 1924 and Grace in 1926. He taught Alice to cook Japanese foods. Consequently, Yoshizo continued fishing the Nass River in summer Continued on page 10

The three Takeuchi girls and four Miki children at Arrandale Cannery. Clockwise from the left; Winnie, Grace and Myra. Ichio Miki and Tommy Takeuchi on Arrandale Cannery (Takeuchi Family photo, 1938) wharf. (Takeuchi Family photo, 1940)

9 National Exhibition at Hastings Park. After about a month, Alice and the four children were released and moved into Winters Hotel near the Woodwards Department Store where they stayed for a few months. They then moved into a cannery house at the Gulf of Georgia Cannery in Steveston after Alice obtained work on the salmon and herring canning lines. Yoshizo was detained in the Yoshizo’s gillnetter was built in Prince Rupert. He was not required to transfer his livestock barns until he was shipped boat to Annieville where confiscated Japanese boats were assembled in December out to the Lemon Creek internment 1941. (Takeuchi Family photo, ca. 1940) camp in the Kootenays where he re- breakfast and lunch were western crab around Prince Rupert during the mained from August 1942 to Novem- cuisine while dinner was rice and winter. For trolling he would have ber 1943. He was allowed to join his Japanese dishes. At the Arrandale required a fishing license, but prob- family on the coast after his release. Cannery, Yoshizo celebrated the ably not for crabbing. Gulf of Georgia Cannery officials New Year with Japanese fishermen The Takeuchis were in Prince objected to Yoshizo living in their at their bunkhouse with traditional Rupert when the federal government cannery house so the family moved festive foods and drink. He would ordered the mass evacuation of all into a house on Seventh Avenue. He stay overnight at the bunkhouse after Japanese from the coastal settle- worked at various jobs including odd these bouts of revelry. ments of British Columbia. Officials tasks on the Harry Thompson farm In about 1938, the Takeuchis were only interested in removing near their Seventh Avenue home. He moved back to Prince Rupert when Yoshizo, but Alice insisted if he was later found employment on the Wowk Tommy attained school age and to be evacuated then the government farm on Number Four Road. He com- took up residence in the Seal Cove would have to relocate the entire muted everywhere by bicycle. The area. Yoshizo continued fishing the family. A Canadian National Railway family moved into a small cottage sockeye salmon season on the Nass train, with windows painted black, owned by the Wowk family on the River during the summer, and the transported the Japanese families corner of Number Four and Francis family continued to accompany him from Prince Rupert to Vancouver Roads in about 1946. Yoshizo built a during most years. During the winter, on March 23rd, 1942 for internment Japanese bath (furo) by their home. he trolled for salmon and trapped for in the livestock barns of the Pacific Yoshizo started fishing again

Alice near their Seventh Avenue home. Yoshizo driving tractor on the Wowk farm on Number Four Road. (Takeuchi (Takeuchi Family photo, ca. 1945) Family photo, ca. 1950)

10 Only Sid Teraguchi remembered a Japanese fishing out of Finn Slough. Our family lived in a Pacific Coast Cannery house in 1950-51 and were familiar with the Japanese families at the Great West Cannery. No one mentioned the World War I veteran. In 2004-05, I asked various people living in the area around the Gulf of Georgia Cannery if they remembered the Goodwins or Takeuchis. A few Caucasians remembered the family and a Japanese vaguely remembered hearing about a Japanese living in the area prior to 1949. I was sur- prised the Japanese community in Yoshizo’s boat moored in Finn Slough. (Takeuchi Family photo, ca. 1950) Steveston hardly knew of this World on the Fraser River for the Great married to Caucasians were allowed War I veteran and English wife. West Cannery in about 1944. He to remain on the coast. Takeuchi was Yoshizo and Alice were an effacing also travelled to Rivers Inlet and most probably allowed to return to couple that busied themselves sup- fished the generally good sockeye the coast during the war because of porting their family. He maintained salmon returns to this region at that his marriage to an English woman. contact with his ethnic community as time. On the Fraser River, he based Yoshizo Takeuchi continued seven of his Japanese peers attended his boat in Finn Slough instead of working and fishing until he became his funeral. on the Steveston waterfront. Most ill and passed away after a short ill- Information for this article fishermen in Steveston were recent ness in the Shaughnessy Hospital on was obtained from interviews with arrivals recruited to replace the July 8th, 1962. Alice Myra Takeuchi Takeuchi children (Myra Handa, Tom evacuated Japanese. Many of these passed away in Richmond on March Goodwin) and granddaughter (Janet Caucasian fishermen were adverse 3rd, 1984. ❁ Hasselbach). Other information was to Japanese fishermen returning even gleaned from documents provided by in 1949, when the federal govern- I have known Tom Goodwin Veterans Affairs Canada and from ment finally permitted the Japanese since the mid-1980s, when he dis- public documents including death to return to the west coast. On the pensed ice at the Paramount Ice and marriage certificates, Yoshizo other hand, Finn fishermen from the Plant in Steveston. I knew he was of Takeuchi’s koseki, and from Roy Ito’s Slough area were familiar with the mixed blood, but thought nothing of 1992 book, We Went to War. Japanese from before the war and it at the time. After the editorial com- appreciated their assistance in getting mitee decided to commemorate the a foothold in the fishery. Mosaburo fall 2005 issue of NIKKEI IMAGES Teraguchi had helped finance a few to the re-lighting of the lantern atop Finn fishermen to purchase fishing the Japanese Canadian war memo- boats in the 1930s. Shinjiro Matsuo rial in Stanley Park and learned that loaned money to a fisherman to return Tom’s father, Yoshizo Takeuchi, was to Finland and marry. a World War I veteran, I became Yoshizo was the only Japanese interested in his story. My interest allowed to return to the coast and per- increased after learning the family mitted to fish during and immediately was not evacuated from the coast and after the war. Other Japanese World Yoshizo had returned to Steveston War I veterans were not allowed to prior to April 1949. Yoshizo with son Tom’s children. return until the federal government I contacted a few of the surviv- (Handa Family photo, 1961) lifted travel restrictions to the coast in ing group of Japanese fishermen April 1949. However, a few Japanese that returned to the coast in 1949.

11 Thoughts on the Canadian Japanese Volunteer Corps by Reiko Tagami, Assistant Archivist

Canadian Japanese Volunteer Corps, Vancouver, B.C. (JCNM photo, ca. 1916) I spent each BC Day long week- into the skeletal infrastructure the the Canadian Japanese Volunteer end in the Powell Street Festival Festival provides. Corps in different ways. Ken Adachi raffle booth, selling tickets to happy Through long-term involvement writes of community members eager Festival goers. The raffle is one of with the Powell Street Festival and to demonstrate their loyalty to Can- the Festival’s key annual fundrais- the Japanese Canadian National Mu- ada, teaming with others who joined ers. Not everyone knows that Nikkei seum, I have realized that what the “as a Japanese, not as a Canadian”, community groups around the prov- Nikkei community excels at – what honouring Japan’s alliance with ince quietly sell tickets, using their excites and inspires us – is event- Canada and Britain at the time.1 Roy own personal networks, prior to the based collaboration. If the Powell Ito, on the other hand, imagines the Festival. This brings in a significant Street Festival founders had had debate between the twelve executive percentage of funds which are then access to the artifact and archival members of the Canadian Japanese complemented by on-site sales over collections of the JCNM, then they Association, led by Yasushi Yama- the Festival weekend. would have known that their first zaki, as they decided whether or not The raffle works as a microcosm attempt at a large-scale Nikkei com- to organize a group of Japanese vol- of the Festival as a whole. Core vol- munity festival in the post-war period unteers for the Canadian Army. Ito’s unteers put in long hours at Oppen- was a sure thing. The Nikkei com- account includes voices of doubt: heimer Park setting up, taking down, munity, you see, has always come They won’t take Japanese into the and everything in between. But the together when it mattered. army – ‘Japs’ they call us. … They energy, flair, and flavour come from This photograph of the Canadian think we are inferior. There is no Brit- the myriad of community groups Japanese Volunteer Corps, taken ish fair play for orientals, it is only who support the Festival each year. on January 20, 1916, is archival for whites. It will be politics all over From takoyaki to barbecued salmon; evidence of event-based Nikkei com- again, for they know that men who go handmade jewellery to water-balloon munity activism – one of hundreds to war as Canadian soldiers cannot yo-yos; indie pop bands to historical of photographs in the Museum’s be denied the right to vote.2 walking tours; and from sumo to tea collection that attest to the historical Ultimately, however, Ito suggests ceremony, the Nikkei community strength of the Nikkei community. that optimism wins the debate: We breathes life, vitality, and diversity Historians have contextualized are not fighting for the whites. We

12

1 Ken Adachi, The Enemy That Never Was (Toronto: McClelland and Stew- art, 1979), 101-103. 2 Roy Ito, We Went to War (Stittsville, Ont.: Canada’s Wings, 1984), 15. 3 Ibid., 17-18. 4 Ibid., 297-301. 5 Ibid., 70. 6 Ibid. are fighting for world peace and for most strongly today, however, is the another $15,000 to build the Japanese Canada … and we are fighting for fact that almost 200 volunteers per- Canadian War Memorial in Stanley ourselves. Many will be killed in severed and served in the Canadian Park.6 ❁ battle … but we will go on to fight an- Army during the First World War.4 other in British Columbia. … When Fifty-four died in battle, and only 1 Ken Adachi, The Enemy That you fight back the whites admire and twelve returned home uninjured.5 Never Was (Toronto: McClelland respect you – they may not like you, The Nikkei community contributed and Stewart, 1979), 101-103. but they respect you.3 over $10,000 to support the training 2 Roy Ito, We Went to War (Stitts- Both Adachi and Ito acknowledge of the Canadian Japanese Volunteer ville, Ont.: Canada’s Wings, 1984), conflicting views within the Nikkei Corps – this support lent with no 15. community, and tie the question of guarantee that the volunteers would 3 Ibid., 17-18. military service to the overarching be allowed to enlist in the Canadian 4 Ibid., 297-301. goal of obtaining the franchise and Army. After the war, the community 5 Ibid., 70. civil rights. What we remember honoured the volunteers by raising 6 Ibid. Fred Kagawa’s War: Etobicoke Veteran Served Country and King with Psychological Operations by Gregory Wowchuk and Katharine Williams There is no doubt that it was the to the use of German prisoners of 2,500 Canadian soldiers, stirred and Second World War which caused war in northwestern Ontario to cut frightened Canadians, particularly in Canada to emerge as the modern, and process trees. Rationing and British Columbia, which was closest independent, industrial nation it now recycling (even fat and bones were to Asia, and had substantial numbers is. Canada had performed militarily collected for the war effort) were en- of persons of Japanese origin. far beyond anyone’s expectations in dured. Hoarding was punishable by Despite objections by the RCMP the First World War, largely emerging two years in jail. Homeowners grew and senior Canadian military officials from under Britain’s wing in doing “victory gardens” so that agricultur- that these persons were not a threat so. It was WWII, however, which al production could be redirected to home security, the government in propelled this country into national to feed Canada’s (and its allies’) Ottawa invoked the War Measures adulthood. Canada declared war in- troops. Act and rounded up 21,000 eth- dependently on Germany on 10 Sep- Although there was no indication nic Japanese living within 160 km of tember 1939, more than a week after the war would be brought directly the Pacific coast. They were told this Britain and France had done so. to the North American continent, action was taken to “protect” them Canada’s military growth was there was distrust toward Canadians from “mobs”, although a mere 150 phenomenal: our army grew from of German and Japanese ancestry. letters and resolutions against them 4,500 to 600,000 men, while the Government propaganda campaigns had been received. The transparency navy, originally with 13 ships and about supporting victory and being of this excuse was exposed by federal 3,600 sailors, by 1945 had 700 ves- alert (home defence) no doubt stoked minister Ian MacKenzie who said, sels and 100,000 men. these fires. (The city of Berlin, On- “Let our slogan be for British Co- Adolescence frequently is a pe- tario, had changed its name to Kitch- lumbia: ‘No Japs from the Rockies to riod of turmoil and pain, however. ener during WWI despite having a the seas.’” Those who resisted reloca- The conscription crisis threatened population about 70 % Germanic.) tion and confiscation of assets were national unity. The war changed life The Japanese attack on Pearl Har- sent to camps behind barbed wire in on the home front overnight. Indus- bour on 7 December 1941 changed Petawawa, Ontario. They were given trial production exploded under the life for a lot of Canadians overnight. clothing with large red circles on the direction of Munitions and Supply Canada declared war on Japan the back (perhaps “zeroes”?) to dissuade “super-minister” C.D. Howe. This next day. Within a few days, the escape. industrialization overnight grew our Canadian Pacific Railway and other No Japanese Canadian was ever factories; many today still employ firms fired all their Japanese Cana- charged with disloyalty to Canada. In Canadians and use Canadian raw dian workers. The hopeless defence fact, despite decades of racial abuse materials. Wartime demand for pa- of Hong Kong on 18 December (in 1941, even Japanese-Canadian per and fuel wood, for example, led 1941, with the death or capture of Continued on page 14

13 veterans of WWI weren’t allowed to come out here.” Workers were paid but as privates. Two weeks later, they vote), they remained peaceable, hard- 25 cents per hour, but were charged were on a train to Halifax, then were working, and considered themselves 75 cents per day for room and board. transported to England. Canadian. The second generation At times Kagawa felt the government From England, the group was Nisei spoke English perfectly. Many was just making work to keep them sent to Suez, then on to Poona, India, became well-educated, although busy, and there even was time for lei- where they received their training. many UBC grads ended up in menial sure such as horseshoes or fishing, but They were never issued any arms, occupations, and mostly remained the work was hard, and “the blackflies however. After Poona, they went east in Japanese Canadian towns and were terrible.” to Calcutta, where the group was ghettos. Around the time of his twentieth dispersed, two going to Ceylon (now Even as the war drew to a close, birthday, in the Jackfish camp, he Sri Lanka), two to Rangoon, Burma the internees, whose real property, read a letter from his sister, who was (now Myanmar), and the others to fishing boats, and businesses had living in London, Ontario. Some of various posts in the Asian front. These been seized without compensation, Kagawa’s friends had found work Canadians were attached to the British were given the choice of dispersing there shovelling coal. She suggested army’s Psychological Warfare Broad- east of the Rockies or being deported Fred try to get on there. He wasn’t casting Unit. The PWBU in Rangoon to war-ravaged Japan. Many bitterly there a month, when he saw an ad had borrowed two trailers from the chose the latter, including many who in the London Free Press for the Sel- Americans, one full of electronics and had never even seen Japan before. ective Service. He then got on at a war broadcasting equipment, and the other One of the families relocated plant. He was always very interested to be used as a studio. after Pearl Harbour was the family in aircraft, but, needing glasses, had By this time (July 1945), the tide of Tatsuo Fred Kagawa, presently an no illusion of becoming a pilot. He was turning against the Japanese, and Etobicoke resident. In his driveway thought he might be accepted as one Kagawa’s job was to translate news of is a Toyota with a red poppy Ontario of the other crew members, and con- Japanese losses and Allied victories veteran’s licence plate. Over the next tacted the RCAF. “I wanted to prove to demoralize the Japanese troops. ninety minutes, out come the photos myself to them (whites), so I could Twice a day, Kagawa collected and and scrapbooks, along with one walk anywhere and be a first-class translated the latest news, and then he man’s remarkable tale of struggle to citizen and nobody could say any- broadcast it for fifty minutes. Kagawa assert his “Canadianness”. thing against me.” He got a call back said it wasn’t necessary to propagan- In the aftermath of Pearl Har- informing him that he was not eligible, dize; there were enough facts to sug- bour, Fred Kagawa begins, some because his parents had been born in gest Japan was going to lose. Kagawa, Japanese Canadians were very vocal Japan. The Canadian forces were not however, never knew who heard him in opposing government attempts to accepting ethnic Japanese. Frustrated, or how effective he was. “This was relocate them. He, however, felt “we Fred told them, “You call me; I won’t an army which resolved never to sur- can’t change anything that’s gone call you anymore.” render. They were fanatical.” before. We’re Canadian citizens; we One day, however, he did get a Then, on 6 August 1945, the Am- shouldn’t go against our own govern- call-back. His boss in the plant told ericans dropped the atomic bomb on ment.” him to take off his overalls, wash up Hiroshima. “We were so happy. The “We felt Pearl Harbour was a and come to his office. Waiting for war was ending, and we didn’t have big mistake. Japan asked for it by him there was a British recruiting to hang around in a strange country. challenging the Americans.” officer, Capt. Don Mollison. British We could go home--to Canada.” Of Kagawa’s parents and three intelligence was recruiting Japanese course, this was the ultimate in de- younger brothers were sent to “ghost speakers for the war in Asia, and of- moralizing news to broadcast to the towns” in the BC interior, first San- fered to fly Kagawa and his friends Japanese stragglers, but Kagawa had don, then Greenwood. (After the to England, and enlist them at the a problem: “There was no Japanese war, they all reunited in London, rank of corporal. Six of them from word for ‘atomic bomb’.” Ontario.) London, and six others, from Brant- Shortly after Japan surrendered, Nineteen-year-old Kagawa ended ford, Toronto, and other towns, went Kagawa’s Major asked what he wan- up at work camps, clearing bush and to Toronto to meet with Mollison. ted to do. He got sent to downtown building roads, around Schrieber, Just at that time, the Canadian army Rangoon, collected swing records, Ontario, on what is now the Trans- decided it would accept Canadian and started up an English-language Canada Highway, #17, on the north born Japanese after all, and Kagawa broadcast for a local civilian radio shore of Lake Superior. “I chose to and his friends enlisted at the CNE, station. He did this for a few weeks, 14 but he was still in the Canadian army. in Ajax, Ontario. He did his third and and Dorothy prepare to move to a He was sent back to Calcutta, then to fourth years back in Toronto, and condo nearby--and marvels at how New Delhi, where he was assigned graduated in mechanical engineering he fought his own war, overcoming to the South-East Asia Translation in 1951. adversity and proving himself a true and Interrogation Center (SEATIC), His first job offer was from a Canadian. “I often think about it as where he worked with American Boston firm which was expanding to a life of decisions. The results of Nisei translating the mountains of Toronto. Unfortunately, he couldn’t the decisions seemed to work out in captured Japanese war documents. enter the US to be interviewed be- my favour, compared to what other “1945 was the loneliest Christmas I cause of race. “I was Canadian, but people went through in the war. We ever spent.” I wasn’t treated like a Canadian.” were fortunate--we were in intelli- When his work was done, he had He moved to Montreal to work for gence, not combat. In the American to await other Canadian intelligence the Dominion Bridge Company, army, their Niseis were sent and died staff, until a “critical mass” of them, where he met Dorothy, also from in Italy.” enough to justify a flight all the way Toronto. They married in 1953 and We close with this understated over to Canada, was assembled, bought a house on Blaketon Road self-assessment. It is almost quint- around the middle of 1946. in Etobicoke in 1954. Kagawa was essentially Canadian, to be so modest He returned to his old job in Lon- hired by Ontario Hydro, and worked about our history or our contributions don, then got work with the CNR. An in Sarnia, Nanticoke, and the Bruce to the world. This veteran, however, old girlfriend, taking her PhD at U of Nuclear Plant, and commuted home doesn’t need to convince anyone he T, advised him to get his degree, too. on weekends. But Dorothy had her played an important role in the war, As an ex-serviceman, he was eligible hands full with the kids, so Kagawa both overseas, and here at home in for one month of post-secondary got himself transferred to head office Canada. ❁ education for each month of service, in Toronto. He retired in 1987. This article was first published and if he got a ‘B’ average or better, At 82, he looks back on his life, in the November 2004 issue (Vol. one additional year. There were so thinking about the dozens of photos 11, No. 3) of THE ALDERNEWS, a many veterans, however, that U of T in his scrapbooks-this week every- newsletter of the Etobicoke Histori- had to send him to a satellite campus thing is being put into boxes, as he cal Society. Upcoming NNMHC Events by Reiko Tagami, Assistant Archivist close on Saturday, August 13, 2005. Having toured across Canada, the exhibition examines Japanese Cana- dian history through the experience of the redress achievement. The acknowledgement of injustice by the government of Canada produced a reawakening of confidence for all Japanese Canadians – a feeling of lives well spent. The exhibition uses layers of voices, artifacts and archival materials to re-examine the Japanese Canadian community’s past, which Ken Kutsukake, catcher, and Fife player at bat, Powell Ground. (Kutsukake remained trapped in memory and si- Family Photo, 1939) lence for many years after the Second Asahi Baseball Exhibition to Open after. Please watch for more informa- World War. Soon! tion in the Bulletin or on the Museum The Japanese Canadian National website. http://www.jcnm.ca Shashin: Japanese Canadian Studio Museum eagerly anticipates the Photography to 1942 opening of its new exhibition, Lev- Re-shaping Memory, Owning His- At Langley Centennial Museum, elling the Playing Field: Legacy of tory: Through the Lens of Japanese June 30 to September 25, 9135 King Vancouver’s Asahi Baseball Team. Candian Redress Street, Fort Langley, BC, V1M 2S2, The exhibition is slated for instal- The Japanese Canadian National Tel: 604-888-3922, www.langleymu- lation in September, opening soon Museum’s inaugural exhibition will Continued on page 16 15 seum.org/index.asp through the eyes of Japanese Canadi- share her experiences chronicling At Kamloops Japanese Canadian ans. Curated by Grace Eiko Thomson the fascinating history of Coldstream Cultural Centre, October 1 to 28, 160 for the Japanese Canadian National Ranch, located on the outskirts of Vernon Avenue, Kamloops, BC, V2B Museum. For more information or to Vernon, BC. Wuest grew up on the 1L6, Tel: 250-376-9629 book the exhibition, contact the Japa- ranch, which was home to a tight-knit This exhibition presents eighty nese Canadian National Museum. Japanese Canadian community at the photographs by Nikkei studio pho- time. In addition to stories of Japa- tographers in Cumberland, New Japanese Canadian National Mu- nese Canadians at Coldstream Ranch, Westminster, and Vancouver. These seum Lecture Series Wuest explores the role of the ranch images, never before seen as a group, The Japanese Canadian National in the history of the British Columbia show vibrant Japanese Canadian Museum is proud to present the orchard and cattle industries. Join us communities before the internment, launch of the new publication, Cold- for exciting tales of life at one of the as well as the diverse society of stream: The Ranch Where It All Be- oldest continually operating ranches British Columbia in that era. The gan ($28.95. ISBN 1-55017-343-X). in Canada. Admission is free. Infor- photographs represent a span of al- Author Donna Yoshitake Wuest will mation: 604-777-7000 ext. 111. ❁ most fifty years of BC history seen Japanese Canadian National Museum - Fall 2005 Report by Tim Savage Watch for upcoming events with this exhibition that will tour presented by the museum to celebrate across Canada. the achievements of the Asahi and The exhibition Shashin: Japa- the Japanese Canadians of that era nese Canadian Studio Photography 1914-1941. The museum grate- to 1942 moved from the Maltwood fully acknowledges the generosity Gallery of the University of Victoria of numerous supporters who donated to the Langley Centennial Museum, material and funds to help realize where it has been on exhibit since this major project. The outpouring June 30, continuing through Septem- This fall the JCNM gallery pres- of support and pride for the Asahi ber 25. Five additional venues in B.C. ents the new exhibition “Leveling the team members has been moving. for Shashin are confirmed: a grant Playing Field: The Vancouver Asahi Their legacy will be made known has been received from the B.C. Arts Baseball Team.” The exhibition was developed over the past three years with the involvement of many mem- bers of Nikkei communities across Canada. The exhibition is curated by Grace Eiko Thomson. Momentum for the Asahi show has been building since the induc- tion of the team into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in 2003, when the National Film Board premiered the documentary “Sleeping Tigers” on the team. In April 2005 the Asahi were inducted into the B.C. Sports Hall of Fame and Museum, and Asahi team members have been again featured recently on CBC radio. Now the exhibition pres- ents a new and original exploration of their life and times with vivid stories, Asahi Baseball Team - Terminal League Champions. (JCNM photo, 1930) photographs, and artifacts.

16 Council towards the costs of touring. ing Asahi exhibition. from the museum shop that were well The next venue is Kamloops, where The Museum participated in the received. the show will be hosted by the Kam- COPANI XIII conference of Pan- The JCNM also took part in loops Japanese Canadian Association American Nikkei in Vancouver July this year’s 29th annual Powell Street at the Japanese Canadian Cultural 7-9 with a tour to Nikkei Place that Festival in Vancouver celebrating Centre from October 1 to 28. was well attended by the delegates. Japanese Canadian culture. The mu- Interested venues looking to The museum organized three con- seum had a booth in Oppenheimer host museum touring exhibitions ference workshop sessions: Nikkei Park, conducted Powell Street neigh- should contact the museum for on the Net, Cultural Centres and bourhood walking tours and had dis- information by telephone (604- Cultural Development, and Japa- plays in the Buddhist Church. These 777-7000 ext. 109), or by email: nese Canadian Food Over the Years; displays showed images and stories [email protected]. thanks to CEO Cathy Makihara for about Powell Street and Fishing for On June 21 the Museum held presenting on the National Nikkei a Living on the Pacific Coast. the book launch for its newest publi- Museum and Heritage Centre. The Check out the new version of the cation, Shashin: Japanese Canadian Museum provided an exhibit at the Museum website launched this past Photography to 1942 at the National conference of 26 photographs of summer at www.jcnm.ca. Thanks Nikkei Heritage Centre. Thanks to Ansel Adams and Leonard Frank at to volunteers Kevin Fukawa, Randy NNMHC director Robert Banno who the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Vancou- Preston, and museum staff Nichola spoke on behalf of the Museum and ver, as well as displayed the Nikkei Ogiwara and Reiko Tagami for their Centre and to the panel with some in Canada chronology panels, and contributions. ❁ of the book contributors - Grace had tables with a selection of books Thomson, Phyllis Senese, Imogene Lim and Jim Wolf – who spoke on the photographers and their work. Family members of some of the photographers, and lenders to the exhibition, were among the audience. The exhibition and publication have received good press coverage includ- ing a full page spread on July 2 in the VANCOUVER SUN newspaper. On July 8, after rain delayed the game on July 5, the Museum took part in the Asahi Baseball Team Tribute Night at Nat Bailey Stadium in Vancouver. The JCNM contributed a display of Asahi photos, stories and An Asahi player bunting at Powell Street Grounds with a man at third base. merchandise to promote the upcom- (JCNM photo, 1930) NNMHC Role in the Kushiro 40th Anniversary Visit by Stan Fukawa From June 28-July 2, 2005, the Five volunteers from the Na- capsule history of Nikkei in Canada City of Burnaby hosted sister-city tional Nikkei Museum and Heritage and of Nikkei Place in order to orient Kushiro, Hokkaido, on the 40th Centre were on hand each day to the visitors. The Kushiro party was anniversary of their relationship. make the visitors feel at home and greatly impressed by the beauty of Mayor Yoshitaka Ito led a 20-mem- to provide translators to help the the Nikkei Centre. ber delegation which joined with Kushiro City delegates converse with Thanks are due to volunteers in- their Burnaby hosts in reaffirming their Burnaby counterparts. cluding: Dr. Midge Ayukawa, Rev. their ties in evening receptions and The Kushiro party visited Nikkei Orai Fujikawa, Masako and Stan at a day-time ceremony on Burnaby Place, where they presented a col- Fukawa, Mits Hayashi, Masako Mountain Park at the site of the large lection of books on various aspects and Sam Hori, Mike Inoue, Gordon Ainu totem display presented fifteen of their city’s history and accom- Kadota, Toki Miyashita, Bob Nimi, years earlier by Kushiro. plishments. Gordon Kadota, past Mary Ohara, and Aiko Sutherland. president of the NNMHC, gave a Continued on page 18 17 Volunteer Coordinator, Mary Mat- Burnaby staff reports that the ing times was the Kushiro Mayor’s suba. recruited, instructed and organ- response from the Kushiro delega- mastery of the electric guitar as he ized the volunteers. In appreciation tion after their visit was the most led the ballroom full of dignitaries for the assistance from The Nikkei positive of any sister city visit to date. in renditions of “Diana” and “Su- Centre, including cultural advice, Kushiro has invited Burnaby to visit kiyaki.” Even Japanese officials Burnaby City has presented a gener- them next year. nowadays can loosen up and let down ous honorarium. A clear indication of the chang- their hair. ❁ Book Review: Tasaka by Stan Fukawa Authors and publishers: Ohashi, Ted and Wakabayashi, Yvonne, North Vancouver, 2005, 219 pp. + i. 8” x 10” This is a delightful family gifted in various ways and some treasure to most Japanese. history and an excellent example for have been publicly recognized for The last section is called “The ambitious writers who want to leave their gifts. The photos show that Postwar Years.” It touches on gaji – a to their families and relatives, an they are also a good-looking family, card game which was very popular enduring picture of the generations something that my mother pointed within the Japanese immigrant preceding them. In the case of the out to me many years ago. population and was often played for Tasaka family, the authors write Perhaps because the family money. The term is not understood in mainly about their parents’ generation was so large and the history had contemporary Japan which recognize although the story begins with their to encompass a broad range of the cards as hana fuda (flower cards) grandparents who arrive in Canada individuals included in the 17 siblings but don’t know gaji. from Meiji era Japan. Grandfather who survived birth, there is a bit The recipes are priceless and Isaburo arrives in Portland Oregon, more distance than one encounters encouraged me to cook the delicious working in Steveston during the in family histories where the authors sweet and sour spareribs that I fishing season and in the forests are writing only about their own remember my own mother making. around Portland in the off-season. He parents. It tasted authentically mid-twentieth is successful in a salt salmon venture The compilation of profiles was century Nikkei. There is an extensive and returns to Japan to find a wife. created from contributions of siblings, New Year’s menu on page 197 which Isaburo and Yorie Tasaka emigrate children, and other family members will remind many of us seniors of the to Canada in 1903 and produce a and this has created less intense and feasts that our mothers had to prepare large family. more realistic descriptions, including in primitive kitchens with very little The first section of the history stories of not just the saintly qualities help from our fathers. provides the settings of the family of the subjects but also of their foibles The cover and stitching are very roots both in Japan on an island in that are sources of amusement. Even attractive and the photos are good. the Inland Sea and on Saltspring in these latter stories, there is a great There are useful and informative Island in the Gulf of Georgia, part deal of obvious affection for the maps, charts and tables and the of B.C.’s inland sea. There is a very individuals themselves, as in the case graphics are professional. A small vital introduction to the Japanese of one of the husbands whose misuse quibble is the few errors in Japanese social structure of the time and of the English language brings that will not be noticed by most an explanation of the widespread back memories of the readers’ own readers and which do not detract practice of adopting husbands for parents’ hilarious mistakes. from what is undoubtedly the best daughters to carry on the family The third section gives us a Nikkei family history in Canada name. glimpse of the internment experiences and one which is not likely to be The second section describes each of the family members and describes surpassed. Perhaps because of the of the 17 children who survived birth, the occupations of the siblings and size of the family and the breadth of with more details of the 15 children their spouses. There are a few pages experiences in their lives, its special who reached adulthood and 6 of their on seaweed harvesting by family appeal to the Nikkei reader is that in spouses. This is the largest section. members which began a hundred telling the story of the Tasaka clan, It covers the personal stories of the years ago and continues to this day. it tells the stories of so many Nikkei remarkable people who constitute There is also a brief section on pine of that period. ❁ the Tasaka clan. Many of them were mushrooms or matsutake - a veritable

18 Artist/Craftsman Series No. 7 Tamaka Fisher: Life artist by Juan Pablo Sandoval that time one of her favorite classes was photography, and she even built a darkroom in her bathroom where she would work. Her talent earned her scholarships that eventually would allow her to study at the Emily Carr College of Arts and Design where in her sec- ond year she studied graphic design and photography. “Graphic Design, hmm, it wasn’t for me, I needed more space and freedom to be messy if I wanted to” – she recalls. She left Emily Carr before finish- ing, but did not abandon her career as an artist, painting, drawing and giving away her work to family and friends. While getting back on her feet she went back to school, but this time it was BCIT where she studied Hotel & Restaurant Management and worked in the hospitality industry for many years. Later she married her beloved husband Roy and had two wonder- ful boys: Ben and Karl, and after not so long she went back to work, this time in customer service for a courier company for 7 years feeling somewhat unhappy and unsatisfied with her job, but at the same time afraid to leave the financial security of a pay cheque, medical, etc. She at- tended several seminars for personal Tamaka Fisher at Steveston Village Gallery. (Tia Abell photo, 2004) development and finally in 2004 she Tamaka was born in Tokyo, Japan and children books with illustrations, decided to make her dream a reality, and then immigrated to Canada as a she started painting and drawing at with the immense support of her child. Her grandfather Inosuke Shoji a very early age. Her dedication and family, friends and a great dose of was born in Steveston in 1911 and artistic abilities grew in her, showing determination and drive by May 2004 worked as a fisherman. He married up in many different ways. She thinks she successfully opened her own art Tamiko Yoshida, also born in Ste- she received better grades because gallery: “Steveston Village Gallery” veston. They had four children; two of the artistic way she presented her showcasing wonderful pieces of of them born in Steveston, and two work at school. over 90 local artist (including her born in Lemon Creek (called “Slo- Later she attended McNair High own work) in a selection of styles can City” on their birth certificates), School where she chose to take art and techniques such as impression- one of them was Tamaka’s mother in most of her classes, developing ism, contemporary, abstract and Megumi. herself as an artist stimulated by traditional, expressed at its fullest Inspired by local scenery, nature great teachers like Dan Varnals. At in paintings, photographs, jewelry, Continued on page 20

19 pottery, sculpture, and a variety of services such as colour consulting, framing, etc.

Influences and inspiration “I get my inspiration from God, in nature, in family and friends, in every day things, in media, etc. Inspiration is everywhere.” Tamaka F. Her influences are very diverse, from children’s books illustrations to Monet, Miró, Picasso, Chagall, etc. When she was a child she would read up to ten books from the library per week, particularly those with pic- tures, it helped her to escape reality, time and life. Those days were very tough for her family and for her, but for her, art would be the ticket to fly out to whatever places her imagina- Acrylic painting , 48 inches by 60 inches, titled Flight 1. (Tamaka Fisher photo, tion would take her. 2005) When she had the opportunity to and freedom. She has had various Village Gallery; I was greeted by a go to Japan she immediately visited gallery exhibitions; her work is in warm, wide smile and a welcoming the Tokyo Art Museum, where for numerous Canadian collections and vibe. the first time in her life she got to can be found at the Steveston Village There she was: Tamaka. As she see the Monet “Water Lilies”, she Gallery. began telling me about her gallery I was astounded: “I almost cried, it kept trying to remember where I had was so beautiful, and it was so big, Spirituality seen that face. it was there that I understood the “I paint from an emotional place As we began talking and became power of art.” rather than an analytical one.” Ta- engaged in conversation the feeling maka F. of having met her before grew stron- Her work and exploration Tamaka is a very spiritual person ger and stronger. All of the sudden it Her work includes a variety of with a warm and cheerful personality came to me: Of course! She was the styles and forms of expression from that shares the joy of life and strives woman who left her 9-5 job to fulfill the constant search of her own voice. on making day by day a contribution her dream! I met her while reading Her early work was mostly based on to create peace and harmony. the newspaper. Back then I com- landscapes and florals, then at Emily In her words: “I believe that we mented to my husband how inspiring Carr she started working on mixed are all connected, how I treat others reading about Tamaka had made me media and photography. “One day at is how I treat myself. I believe in feel. I thought it was a courageous Emily Carr one of our assignments God and that he has a plan for me. thing to do, the dream so many have was to create a book with pictures, I believe Love is the most impor- and so few realize. so I went on, and as I started work- tant human emotion and everything Luck was on my side: not only did ing on it, my mind would just go good comes from there and that I I get to meet the person who had in- on and on with ideas, so I ended up am a spiritual being having a human spired me to keep going, to work hard writing a story, directing it, taking the experience.” to fulfill my dreams, to think – and pictures and at the end I had a book “I believe that when somebody do – big. I actually became friends telling the whole story with nothing looks at a piece of art and love it, with her and eventually got to work but pictures (where my cousin was its because art is really a mirror to a with her at the gallery. I have worked the star).” Her latest work is repre- place we are all connected.” here a few months and the fantasy sented by a contemporary and unique business woman I once read about abstract style that has defined her as Notes from a friend has transformed into an extraordi- an artist with great recognition in It was one of those déjà-vu mo- nary human being; she is passionate the arts community for her intensity ments when I walked into Steveston about art, she loves painting, her own 20 paintings have evolved and matured her famous once-a-month music and laughter, which I’m sure – though and so has the gallery. She is compas- fun-filled reception parties. She is I haven’t actually tested it - can sionate towards others and her faith loved and admired by many, but she be heard several blocks away. She is strong. She loves her husband and is humble and forgiving. laughs with her whole heart and it her boys who tower over her. They It’s impossible to ignore her can brighten the cloudiest day. always come to help clean up after Photographs of Stan Rowe

The following four photographs are of Stan Rowe, daughter Andrea and her adopted child. These photographs are part of the Wakako Ishikawa’s article “Dr. John Stanley Rowe (1918-2004)”, in Nikkei Images, Vol. 10 no. 2 and were left out in error. The editors wish to thank Ms. Ishikawa for her understanding.

21 NNMHC’S ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 2005

On May 28, 2005 the National Nikkei Museum & Heritage Centre held its Annual General Meeting at the National Nikkei Heritage Centre and elected the following 2005 Board of Directors: Sam Araki, Robert Banno, Robert Bessler, Ruth Coles, Reverend Orai Fujikawa, Stan Fukawa, Mitsuo Hayashi, Masayasu Inoue, Gordon Kadota, Koichi Kitagawa, Albert Kokuryo, David Masuhara, Elmer Morishita, Craig Natsuhara, Robert Nimi, Alisa Noda, George Oikawa, Herb Ono, Dennis Shikaze, Henry Shimizu, Avalon Tagami, Sian Tasaka, Henry Wakabayashi, Chiho Watanabe, Fred Yada, Sam Yamamoto. ❁ スタンレー公園の日本義勇兵記念碑 スタンレー公園のカナダ日本人義勇兵記念碑

1920年4月9日の大陸日報は、この日行われた記念碑の除幕式について 「加奈陀日本人義勇兵 欧州大戦出征記念碑 加奈陀軍が記念すべき今日のビイミー・リッジ 占領日に除幕式」 というタイトルで報道している。現在では使われていない言葉や文字は意訳してあるが、大要 は次の通りである。 1920年(大正9年)4月９日、バンクーバーのスタンレー公園で、第一次世界大戦で戦死された カナダ日本人義勇兵54名の名を彫り込んだ記念碑の除幕式が多くの参列者を迎えて行われた。 満開の桜の下で迎えたこの日は、実は3年前カナダ軍が激戦の結果 ビイミー・リッジを占 領した日でもあった。1916年末から翌年はじめにかけて、フランスに渡ったカナダ日本人義勇 兵約百名がこの戦闘に参加し、多くの戦死者を出した。ついで同年8月にはヒルセブンテイを 占領したが、この戦いでもカナダ邦人兵が多数戦死した。 1918年7月、フランダース一帯にわたり、連合軍が総進撃し、多くの犠牲者を出したもの の、引き続きベルギーを経てドイツに入り、11月11日に休戦の調停が行われるまで戦闘が続い た。1年後、カナダに帰還した邦人兵の数は149名であった。 「フランダースの野に眠る勇者に」と題した詩が、この記事に引き続いて掲載されている。

勇者よ、 君達の功績は 眠れよ、永い列を作った墓に 同情の精神を鼓吹するだろう フランダースのポピーが 愛国の火をみたすだろう 生い立った処に。 彼女の悲嘆の貢は 君等の墓にそそがれ、そこには 雲雀は 彼女の敬虔の感謝が払われる 心のおそれなしに、歌う 愛と－今尚あこがれる眼に 希望に富める、彼等の 誇りと共に。 思いのままの音楽を 祈りを保て 死を導いた砲弾の 汝が眠り横たわる処の 砕け散った処に。 フランダースの野辺に 汝の戦いはひとしお 人々はいう 今も、我等自身のために残る。 君達は死んだ人だと だが、君等はそうじゃない 沈める太陽は 君等のために昇るだろう。

22 さらば、深いまどろみのうちに 汝の手から投げられた 汝の安息をとれ 炬火は 我等が約をまもる事に 消えぬだろう 疑いなしに 高くかかげられたままに 汝が空しく死んだと 汝が我等に教えた 夢をみる事なしに。 忠誠は 死なぬだろう。 眠れよ まどろむポピーが 生い立つところの フランダースの野辺に。 (ジェームス・フェリス作。訳者不明) この日除幕式の行われた記念碑の工事費一万五千ドル、建築家はベンゼー氏で、十九年十月 に工事を始め、二十年三月に完成。碑の高さ34フィート、土台はセメントを地下8フィートま で流しこみ、基石は直径17.4フィート、花崗岩を十二角として、一角ごとに義勇兵の参加した 戦場と戦没年月を青銅であらわし、東側にカナダ、西側には日本の紋章をつけ、南側には戦死 者五十四名の姓名を記した銅版、北側には帰還兵の姓名を刻んだ銅版を埋めてある。柱は高 さ18フィート、途中に200ワットの電灯をいれた大理石の灯籠が四面に窓がとりつけられてい る。 ここに五十四名の名誉の戦死者の氏名、出身県、隊名、戦死年月日を記す. ❁ 氏名 出身 隊名 戦死年月日 小柳 彦太郎 福岡 50 大正6年10月26日 成田 彦次郎 兵庫 50 大正6年4月11日 志賀 貞吉 岐阜 52 大正5年10月19日 二階堂 栄五郎 宮城 10 大正6年4月28日 尾浦 熊吉 和歌山 10 大正7年10月６日 松林 佐次郎 滋賀 52 大正6年5月３日 柴田 吾八 広島 52 大正5年11月28日 徳永 竹彦 広島 52 大正7年4月1日 田中 兵惣次郎 滋賀 52 大正6年5月4日 大西 音吉 滋賀 10 大正7年5月30日 鴨居 多賀吉 愛媛 52 大正7年9月２日 浅田 昇 神奈川 52 大正7年7月2日 松井 豊次郎 広島 10 大正6年4月28日 須田 貞次 福島 52 大正7年9月28日 四宮 兵次郎 徳島 50 大正6年8月22日 小島 岩吉 栃木 10 大正6年4月９日 藤田 主税 福島 10 大正6年9月15日 大政 仙次郎 広島 10 大正6年4月28日 松原 寅記 熊本 10 大正6年8月15日 中村 長市 栃木 50 大正7年9月28日 徳永 喜次郎 広島 52 大正7年 石原 寿公 山梨 50 大正6年3月31日 龍岡 国弥 広島 50 大正6年8月20日 羽島 智幾男 福島 50 大正6年8月21日 土谷 節二郎 静岡 50 大正6年4月10日 林 元吉 滋賀 50 大正6年5月８日 Continued on page 24

23 坂 市郎次 三重 50 大正6年5月７日 白砂 武蔵 広島 50 大正6年8月22日 杉本 吉松 三重 52 大正6年8月24日 熊川 郁 長崎 52 大正6年1月6日 秋山 吉三郎 岡山 10 大正6年4月28日 山田 政次 福岡 10 大正6年8月15日 石井 龍吉 広島 50 大正6年5月７日 山崎 常松 和歌山 50 大正6年4月26日 栗生 清兵衛 千葉 50 大正7年8月10日 本橋 惣太郎 東京 50 大正6年4月10日 杉谷 平吉 福井 10 大正6年4月28日 井上 彦五郎 広島 50 大正7年 西岡 貞次 大阪 15 大正5年6月3日 原田 一男 福岡 50 大正6年8月15日 竹内 八百蔵 熊本 50 大正6年4月10日 佐藤 徳次 宮城 50 大正6年4月28日 渋田 卯作 福岡 52 帰還病死 多田 幸平 宮城 50 大正6年4月10日 原 新吉 和歌山 10 大正6年4月28日

The list of new and renewing members of the National Nikkei Museum & Heritage Centre from May 1, 2005 to July 31, 2005 Brooke Anderson Mr. David Martin & Ms. Mizue Mori Mr. & Mrs. Sam & Rhonda Araki Mr. David Masuhara & Ms. Beverly West Mrs. Martha Banno Mr. & Mrs. Yuki & Mary Matsuba Mr. Robert H. Bessler Mr. & Mrs. Masanao & Shoko Morimura Ms. Debora Burke & Mr. Yoshi Arima Lillian S. Morishita Calgary Kotobuki Society Ms. Rose Murakami LA Dinsmore Ms. Fumie Nakagawa Mr. & Mrs. John & Karol Dubitz Mrs. Kassie Nakamura Mr. & Mrs. Ken Ezaki Mr. & Mrs. Craig & Sharon Natsuhara Rev. and Mrs. Orai & Minako Fujikawa Mr. Ron Nishi Sister Margaret Fujisawa Ms. Sakuya Nishimura Mrs. Kay Fujishima Mr. & Mrs. Yukihide & Kazuko Ogasawara Ms. Andrea Geiger Mr. & Mrs. Yoshio & Kazuko Ogura Mr. & Mrs. Arthur Gorai Mrs. Mary Ohara Mr. & Mrs. Bill & Lynn Green Mr. & Mrs. George & Gene Oikawa Mrs. Fumiko Hanazawa Mr. Kenji Okuda Ms. Judy Hanazawa Mr. Herbert I. Ono & Ms.Tara O’Connor Ms. Jennifer Hashimoto Mr. & Mrs. Akira & Mikiko Oye Mrs. Minnie Hattori Mrs. Linda Reid Mrs. Susan Hidaka Ms. Marilyn Robb Mr. & Mrs. Toshio Hirai Mr. & Mrs. Tommy & Mitsuye T. Shimizu Mr. & Mrs. Thomas T. Hirose Mr. Sam Shinde Mr. & Mrs. Ted & Nancy Hirota Mr. Ed Suguro Mr. & Mrs. Mitsuru & Jean Hori Mrs. Kay Tagami Mr. Yoshio Hyodo Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Avalon Tagami Mr. & Mrs. Yusuke & Atsushi Inagaki Mrs. Shigeko Takaichi Mr. & Mrs. Tadashi J. & Kanaye K. Kagetsu Mrs. Tamie Takeshita Mr. & Mrs. Roger & Joyce Kamikura Ms. Harumi Tamoto Ms. Mihoko Kanashiro Mr. & Mrs. Kinzie & Terry Tanaka Mr. & Mrs. Yosh & Gail Kariatsumari Mr. & Mrs. Shoji & Fusako Tanami Mr. Masaaki Kawabata Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Margaret Taylor Mr. & Mrs. Richard & Keiko Kazuta Mrs. Irene Tsuyuki Mr. & Mrs. Jim & Michiko Kojima Mr. & Mrs. Mark & June Tsuyuki Mr. & Mrs. Albert Kokuryo Mrs. Yoshiko Wakabayashi Joanne Kuroyama Ms. Chiho Watanabe Mr. & Mrs. Tom & Ceo Kuwahara Mr. Cheng Ming Wu Mr. Chi-San Lin Mr. & Mrs. Mas & Kaori Yano Mrs. Lillian Nakamura Maguire

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