Neutron Star Retention Rate, the Maximum Age of the Cluster Is Just Half a Million Years
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Messier Objects
Messier Objects From the Stocker Astroscience Center at Florida International University Miami Florida The Messier Project Main contributors: • Daniel Puentes • Steven Revesz • Bobby Martinez Charles Messier • Gabriel Salazar • Riya Gandhi • Dr. James Webb – Director, Stocker Astroscience center • All images reduced and combined using MIRA image processing software. (Mirametrics) What are Messier Objects? • Messier objects are a list of astronomical sources compiled by Charles Messier, an 18th and early 19th century astronomer. He created a list of distracting objects to avoid while comet hunting. This list now contains over 110 objects, many of which are the most famous astronomical bodies known. The list contains planetary nebula, star clusters, and other galaxies. - Bobby Martinez The Telescope The telescope used to take these images is an Astronomical Consultants and Equipment (ACE) 24- inch (0.61-meter) Ritchey-Chretien reflecting telescope. It has a focal ratio of F6.2 and is supported on a structure independent of the building that houses it. It is equipped with a Finger Lakes 1kx1k CCD camera cooled to -30o C at the Cassegrain focus. It is equipped with dual filter wheels, the first containing UBVRI scientific filters and the second RGBL color filters. Messier 1 Found 6,500 light years away in the constellation of Taurus, the Crab Nebula (known as M1) is a supernova remnant. The original supernova that formed the crab nebula was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Arab astronomers in 1054 AD as an incredibly bright “Guest star” which was visible for over twenty-two months. The supernova that produced the Crab Nebula is thought to have been an evolved star roughly ten times more massive than the Sun. -
VISTA Views a Vast Ball of Stars 9 May 2012
VISTA views a vast ball of stars 9 May 2012 sphere with a diameter of only about 25 times the distance between the Sun and the nearest star system, Alpha Centauri. About 160 globular clusters have been spotted encircling our galaxy, the Milky Way, mostly toward its bulging centre. The two latest discoveries, made using VISTA, were recently announced. The largest galaxies can have thousands of these rich collections of stars in orbit around them. Observations of globular clusters' stars reveal that they originated around the same time - more than 10 billion years ago - and from the same cloud of gas. As this formative period was just a few billion years after the Big Bang, nearly all of the gas on hand was the simplest, lightest and most common in the cosmos: hydrogen, along with some helium and much smaller amounts of heavier chemical elements such as oxygen and nitrogen. This striking view of the globular star cluster Messier 55 Being made mostly from hydrogen distinguishes in the constellation of Sagittarius (The Archer) was globular cluster residents from stars born in later obtained in infrared light with the VISTA survey eras, like our Sun, that are infused with heavier telescope at ESO's Paranal Observatory in Chile. This elements created in earlier generations of stars. vast ball of ancient stars is located at a distance of about The Sun lit up some 4.6 billion years ago, making it 17,000 light-years from Earth. Credit: ESO/J. only about half as old as the elderly stars in most Emerson/VISTA. -
Astronomía Con Ordenador II, Crédito Variable De Ciencias Naturales De 1º De Bachillerato, Durante El Curso 2007/2008
Astronomía II [email protected] 1 ASTRONOMÍA con ORDENADOR II Fermí Vilà Astronomía II [email protected] 2 Índice Introducción................................................................................................................................3 1ª Parte: VIDA Y MUERTE DE LAS ESTRELLAS Nacimiento de una estrella: Etapa Nebulosa...............................................................................5 Nacimiento de una estrella: Etapa de Protoestrella...................................................................13 La Secuencia Principal..............................................................................................................19 Enanas Marrones: Estrellas Fallidas.........................................................................................27 Gigantes Rojas y Supergigantes................................................................................................29 La Muerte de la Tierra y los planetas interiores........................................................................31 ¿Un nuevo comienzo en Plutón?...............................................................................................35 Muerte de una Gigante Roja. Nebulosa Planetaria...................................................................36 Enanas Blancas.........................................................................................................................39 Enanas Negras...........................................................................................................................41 -
Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects
Juliana Crestani Ribeiro de Souza Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects Porto Alegre 2017 Juliana Crestani Ribeiro de Souza Spatial Distribution of Galactic Globular Clusters: Distance Uncertainties and Dynamical Effects Dissertação elaborada sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Eduardo Luis Damiani Bica, co- orientação do Prof. Dr. Charles José Bon- ato e apresentada ao Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul em preenchimento do requisito par- cial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Física. Porto Alegre 2017 Acknowledgements To my parents, who supported me and made this possible, in a time and place where being in a university was just a distant dream. To my dearest friends Elisabeth, Robert, Augusto, and Natália - who so many times helped me go from "I give up" to "I’ll try once more". To my cats Kira, Fen, and Demi - who lazily join me in bed at the end of the day, and make everything worthwhile. "But, first of all, it will be necessary to explain what is our idea of a cluster of stars, and by what means we have obtained it. For an instance, I shall take the phenomenon which presents itself in many clusters: It is that of a number of lucid spots, of equal lustre, scattered over a circular space, in such a manner as to appear gradually more compressed towards the middle; and which compression, in the clusters to which I allude, is generally carried so far, as, by imperceptible degrees, to end in a luminous center, of a resolvable blaze of light." William Herschel, 1789 Abstract We provide a sample of 170 Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) and analyse its spatial distribution properties. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
Globular Clusters in the Inner Galaxy Classified from Dynamical Orbital
MNRAS 000,1{17 (2019) Preprint 14 November 2019 Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0 Globular clusters in the inner Galaxy classified from dynamical orbital criteria Angeles P´erez-Villegas,1? Beatriz Barbuy,1 Leandro Kerber,2 Sergio Ortolani3 Stefano O. Souza 1 and Eduardo Bica,4 1Universidade de S~aoPaulo, IAG, Rua do Mat~ao 1226, Cidade Universit´aria, S~ao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil 2Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16, Ilh´eus 45662-000, Brazil 3Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia `Galileo Galilei', Universit`adi Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, Padova, I-35122, Italy 4Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Astronomia, CP 15051, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil Accepted XXX. Received YYY; in original form ZZZ ABSTRACT Globular clusters (GCs) are the most ancient stellar systems in the Milky Way. There- fore, they play a key role in the understanding of the early chemical and dynamical evolution of our Galaxy. Around 40% of them are placed within ∼ 4 kpc from the Galactic center. In that region, all Galactic components overlap, making their disen- tanglement a challenging task. With Gaia DR2, we have accurate absolute proper mo- tions for the entire sample of known GCs that have been associated with the bulge/bar region. Combining them with distances, from RR Lyrae when available, as well as ra- dial velocities from spectroscopy, we can perform an orbital analysis of the sample, employing a steady Galactic potential with a bar. We applied a clustering algorithm to the orbital parameters apogalactic distance and the maximum vertical excursion from the plane, in order to identify the clusters that have high probability to belong to the bulge/bar, thick disk, inner halo, or outer halo component. -
RASC Toronto Centre – the Sky This Month – Spring Galaxy Edition II April 29 to May 27, 2020 (Times in EDT, UT-4) by Chris Vaughan
RASC Toronto Centre – www.rascto.ca The Sky This Month – Spring Galaxy Edition II April 29 to May 27, 2020 (times in EDT, UT-4) by Chris Vaughan NEWS Space Exploration – Public and Private Ref. http://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/ Launches Most launches by multiple countries are TBD May 27 tbd - SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, SpaceX Crew Dragon Capsule test flight to/from ISS with “Bob and Doug” (Douglas Hurley and Robert Behnken). NASA says no in-person public viewing May 5 tbd - Long March 5b rocket from Wenchang, China, new Chinese Crew Capsule test flight and high- speed re-entry without crew of 20 metric ton version designed for deep space (beyond LEO). Capsule can launch 6 persons or 3 persons with 500 kg of cargo This Month in History (a sampling) Ref. http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/calendar/, http://www.planetary.org/multimedia/space-images/charts/whats- up-in-the-solar-system-frohn.html, http://www.lunar-occultations.com/rlo/calendar.pdf Astro-Birthdays and Milestones May 1, 1825 – Swiss mathematician Johann Jakob Balmer, formulated formula for spectral emission lines of Hydrogen. May 10, 1900 – Pioneering female British-American astronomer Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, earned the first PhD from Harvard’s Radcliffe College, on stellar composition. She surveyed all stars brighter than 10th mag. and millions of variable stars, setting the foundations of stellar evolution studies. Also supervised Helen Sawyer-Hogg and others. May 15, 1857 - Scottish astronomer, Williamina Fleming. In nine years, she catalogued more than 10,000 stars. During her work, she discovered 59 gaseous nebulae (including the Horsehead Nebula), over 310 variable stars, and 10 novae. -
10. Scientific Programme 10.1
10. SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME 10.1. OVERVIEW (a) Invited Discourses Plenary Hall B 18:00-19:30 ID1 “The Zoo of Galaxies” Karen Masters, University of Portsmouth, UK Monday, 20 August ID2 “Supernovae, the Accelerating Cosmos, and Dark Energy” Brian Schmidt, ANU, Australia Wednesday, 22 August ID3 “The Herschel View of Star Formation” Philippe André, CEA Saclay, France Wednesday, 29 August ID4 “Past, Present and Future of Chinese Astronomy” Cheng Fang, Nanjing University, China Nanjing Thursday, 30 August (b) Plenary Symposium Review Talks Plenary Hall B (B) 8:30-10:00 Or Rooms 309A+B (3) IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antarctica John Storey (3) Mon. 20 IAUS 289 The Cosmic Distance Scale: Past, Present and Future Wendy Freedman (3) Mon. 27 IAUS 290 Probing General Relativity using Accreting Black Holes Andy Fabian (B) Wed. 22 IAUS 291 Pulsars are Cool – seriously Scott Ransom (3) Thu. 23 Magnetars: neutron stars with magnetic storms Nanda Rea (3) Thu. 23 Probing Gravitation with Pulsars Michael Kremer (3) Thu. 23 IAUS 292 From Gas to Stars over Cosmic Time Mordacai-Mark Mac Low (B) Tue. 21 IAUS 293 The Kepler Mission: NASA’s ExoEarth Census Natalie Batalha (3) Tue. 28 IAUS 294 The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism Bryan Gaensler (B) Wed. 29 IAUS 295 Black Holes in Galaxies John Kormendy (B) Thu. 30 (c) Symposia - Week 1 IAUS 288 Astrophysics from Antartica IAUS 290 Accretion on all scales IAUS 291 Neutron Stars and Pulsars IAUS 292 Molecular gas, Dust, and Star Formation in Galaxies (d) Symposia –Week 2 IAUS 289 Advancing the Physics of Cosmic -
Global Fitting of Globular Cluster Age Indicators
A&A 456, 1085–1096 (2006) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20065133 & c ESO 2006 Astrophysics Global fitting of globular cluster age indicators F. Meissner1 and A. Weiss1 Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany e-mail: [meissner;weiss]@mpa-garching.mpg.de Received 3 March 2006 / Accepted 12 June 2006 ABSTRACT Context. Stellar models and the methods for the age determinations of globular clusters are still in need of improvement. Aims. We attempt to obtain a more objective method of age determination based on cluster diagrams, avoiding the introduction of biases due to the preference of one single age indicator. Methods. We compute new stellar evolutionary tracks and derive the dependence of age indicating points along the tracks and isochrone – such as the turn-off or bump location – as a function of age and metallicity. The same critical points are identified in the colour-magnitude diagrams of globular clusters from a homogeneous database. Several age indicators are then fitted simultaneously, and the overall best-fitting isochrone is selected to determine the cluster age. We also determine the goodness-of-fit for different sets of indicators to estimate the confidence level of our results. Results. We find that our isochrones provide no acceptable fit for all age indicators. In particular, the location of the bump and the brightness of the tip of the red giant branch are problematic. On the other hand, the turn-off region is very well reproduced, and restricting the method to indicators depending on it results in trustworthy ages. Using an alternative set of isochrones improves the situation, but neither leads to an acceptable global fit. -
September 1997 the Albuquerque Astronomical Society News Letter
Back to List of Newsletters September 1997 This special HTML version of our newsletter contains most of the information published in the "real" Sidereal Times . All information is copyrighted by TAAS. Permission for other amateur astronomy associations is granted provided proper credit is given. Table of Contents Departments Events o Calendar of Events for August 1997 o Calendar of Events for September 1997 Lead Story: TAAS and LodeStar a Hit in Grants Presidents Update The Board Meeting Observatory Committee July Meeting Recap: Mind Control at the July TAAS Meeting! August Meeting to Discuss British Astronomy Observer's Page o September Musings o Observe Comet Hale-Bopp! o TAAS 200 o Oak Flat, July 5th and 12th: Deep Sky Waldo The Kids' Corner Internet Info UNM Campus Observatory Report School Star Party Update TAAS mail bag Starman Classified Ads Feature Stories TAAS Picnic at Oak Flat a Big Success Membership List Now Available! SHOEMAKER-LEVY 9 (a poem) CHACO CANYON, AGAIN? Eugene Shoemaker 1928-1997 IF AT FIRST...you don't succeed... Notes from GB What's a Star Party? Please note: TAAS offers a Safety Escort Service to those attending monthly meetings on the UNM campus. Please contact the President or any board member during social hour after the meeting if you wish assistance, and a club member will happily accompany you to your car. Upcoming Events Click here for August 1997 events Click here for September 1997 events August 1997 1 Fri * UNM Observing 2 Sat * Oak Flat 3 Sun New Moon Mercury @ greatest elongation 5 Tue Mercury 1 deg. -
Hubble Snaps a Crowded Cluster 26 April 2019
Image: Hubble snaps a crowded cluster 26 April 2019 the most fascinating objects that can be observed from Earth's Northern Hemisphere. See the NASA- processed image and other Messier objects at: https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-s- messier-catalog. Provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Hubble image of Messier 75, taken with the telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys. Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, F. Ferraro et al. This sparkling burst of stars is Messier 75. It is a globular cluster: a spherical collection of stars bound together by gravity. Clusters like this orbit around galaxies and typically reside in their outer and less-crowded areas, gathering to form dense communities in the galactic suburbs. Messier 75 lies in our Milky Way galaxy in the constellation of Sagittarius (the Archer), around 67,000 light-years away from Earth. The majority of the cluster's stars, about 400,000 in total, are found in its core; it is one of the most densely populated clusters ever found, with a phenomenal luminosity of some 180,000 times that of the Sun. No wonder it photographs so well! Discovered in 1780 by Pierre Méchain, Messier 75 was also observed by Charles Messier and added to his catalog later that year. This image of Messier 75 was captured by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys. More information: Messier 75 is featured in Hubble's Messier catalog, which includes some of 1 / 2 APA citation: Image: Hubble snaps a crowded cluster (2019, April 26) retrieved 30 September 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2019-04-image-hubble-snaps-crowded-cluster.html This document is subject to copyright. -
The Messier Catalog
The Messier Catalog Messier 1 Messier 2 Messier 3 Messier 4 Messier 5 Crab Nebula globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 6 Messier 7 Messier 8 Messier 9 Messier 10 open cluster open cluster Lagoon Nebula globular cluster globular cluster Butterfly Cluster Ptolemy's Cluster Messier 11 Messier 12 Messier 13 Messier 14 Messier 15 Wild Duck Cluster globular cluster Hercules glob luster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 16 Messier 17 Messier 18 Messier 19 Messier 20 Eagle Nebula The Omega, Swan, open cluster globular cluster Trifid Nebula or Horseshoe Nebula Messier 21 Messier 22 Messier 23 Messier 24 Messier 25 open cluster globular cluster open cluster Milky Way Patch open cluster Messier 26 Messier 27 Messier 28 Messier 29 Messier 30 open cluster Dumbbell Nebula globular cluster open cluster globular cluster Messier 31 Messier 32 Messier 33 Messier 34 Messier 35 Andromeda dwarf Andromeda Galaxy Triangulum Galaxy open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy Messier 36 Messier 37 Messier 38 Messier 39 Messier 40 open cluster open cluster open cluster open cluster double star Winecke 4 Messier 41 Messier 42/43 Messier 44 Messier 45 Messier 46 open cluster Orion Nebula Praesepe Pleiades open cluster Beehive Cluster Suburu Messier 47 Messier 48 Messier 49 Messier 50 Messier 51 open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy open cluster Whirlpool Galaxy Messier 52 Messier 53 Messier 54 Messier 55 Messier 56 open cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 57 Messier