Language Handbook
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
,. CENSUS OF INDIA 1951 • / By J. B. BOWMAN 0"" ~ YNDZAN CZVIL SERVICE, SUF":'os'ZNTENDENT OF CENSUS' OPERATYONS, BOMBAY STATE 315.479 2 1951 KAN L.AN PREFACE After the 1951 Census, figures for villages and towns were published in the District. Census Hand books. The population of each village and town was exhibited under eight broad livelihood classes. Other data relating to mother-tongue, religion, civil condition etc. were not sorted and tabulated by villages and towns but by larger units called Tracts, which consisted generally of the rural or .:urban areas of several talukas. Indeed, in the State Reports, the District was the smallest unit for \?\Thich figures \?\Tere exhibited. The result of this was that figures of mother-tongue were not available according to villages. In 1954 the Government of India decided to obtain language data according to villages for all multi-lingual talukas in India by means of a special sort~ng of the 1951 census slips. The Government of Bombay agreed to sh~re the cost of this operation for Bombay State equally with the Central Government, and a temporary office was organised in Bombay City to handle the operations. I was appOinted. Superintendent of Census Operations for Bombay State in addition to my normal work as Collector of Bo.mbay, and the services of Shri K. F. Patel, who had been in charge of the Tabulation Office set up at Baroda after the 1951 Census, were made available for appointment as Deputy Superintendent in charge of .the linguistic sorting office at Bombay. After the termination of the 1951 Census Sorting Operation, the census enumeration slips had been arranged, not according to villages but according to livelihood classes and tracts. The present linguistic sorting operation involved the detailed sorting by villages and mother-tongues of approximately 40 lakhs of slips pertaining to 31 multi lingual talukas, but to obtain these 40 lakhs of slips 56 lakhs of slips had to be sorted. "These ·slips vvere obtained Trom the Collectors of Baroda, Ahmednagar and Belgaum, in vvhose charge the census slips were placed at the conclusion of the 1951 Census sorting and tabulation at these centres. The \?\Tork of linguistic sorting \?\Tas handled by six supervisors and thirty sorters, vvho worked for a period of four months. Thereafter the services of supervisors, typists and calculating machine operators \?\Tere required for approximately three months more to prepare the data for publication. The coloured maps which accompany this booklet vvere prepared under the supervision of Shri B. "W. Khadilkar, :Manager of the Photozinco graphic Press, Poona, \?\Tith the assistance of the staff of the Settlement Commissioner and the Director of Land Records, Poona. As far as possible the separate boundaries of each village have been shown; but in the case of unsurveyed areas this \?\Tas not possible an.d such villages have been indicated by dots. The boundaries of the villages and 1:owns may not be exactly to scale; but they will serve adequately enough to indicate the location of the villages. The maps are self-explanatory. Colours representing mother-tongues have been applied to areas vvhere the speakers constituted an absolute majority i.e. exceeded 50 per cent. of the population. Every village or tovvn was assigned a Location Code number at the "1951 census; and these Location Code numbers vvere vvritten on all the census slips. In general, the in.structions in regard to the Location Code numbers vvere fully understood and followed'. in 1951, though inevitably cases did occur where enumerators had ~omitted to write the Location Code n.umbers and this caused trouble at the time of the linguistic sorting. However, referen.ce to the National Registers and comparison of the handwriting on the slips enabled most of the puzzles to be solved. "Where the enumerators had failed to in.dicate the mother-tongue-and such cases vvere not numerous-the slips are novv shovvn in the category of H Unspecified ". MO-B Yo 3340-1 2 In this booklet, the absolute figures o:f populat50n arrived at as a result o:f the resorting o:f the slips have been shown. In some cases these figures differ slightly :fro:rr~ the figures given in the District Census Hand books. Wherever the difference has been other than slight, attention to the :fact has been drawn in a :footnote. According to the District Census Hand books the population o:f the areas dealt with in this Hand book was 1,860,308. According to the present linguistic sorting operation, the population was 1,857,670, a difference 0:f--0'14 per cent. Inevitably as a result o:f packing, transporting, unpacking and resorting slips some slips do get misplaced or destroyed; but the proportion o:f such cases is so minute as not to affect the authenticity o:f the linguistic pattern that emerges :from th'e pres en t resorting operation. The linguistic data a:fter the 1951 Census were extracted according to Tracts. At the present linguistic sorting the areas sorted usually did not coincide with these Tracts. It is not possible there:fore, to compare the percentages o:f persons speaking different languages that emerged :from the 1951 and 1955 sorting :for languages. In the case o:f Belgaum District, however, the areas sorted did coincide with the 1951 tracts. The t,vo sets o:f figures can there:fore, be compared. The satis:factory nature o:f the sorting done fOJ; emerged 1951 and :now for individual villages and tOvvns will be obvious from the .1'blloWiX"!g_ r.esuJ.ts :- BELGAUIVl: DISTRICT. ~ercenTages to TOTal populat:ion of t:he rn.ot:her-1;ongue speakers of :-- Kannaaa Marathi Others Unspe":>ifi.,a Ascordi:n.g to 1951 Census 64-3 26-6 9'1 Apcording to present sorting 63-S 26-4 9'7 0'1 Difference -0'5 -0'2 -+-0-6 -+-0-1 I should like to express my thanks to the staff 01: sorters and supervisors who worked with great devotion at a task that required accuracy and unflagging attention. The :fact that the cost o:f the linguistic sorting operation, exclusive of t:he: cost of publication o:f the data has been kept as low as Rs_ 22,462-6-6 or Rs_ 5-9-9 per 1,000 slips, is largely due to the good work of the sorters. Shri K. F. Patel, the Deputy Superintendent, deserves great credit :Eor the vvay in which he handled the sO:i:ters, many o:f whom had never had a job before, maintaining discipline with tact and sympathy, and getting their willing best out o:f the hard-working teams o:f sorters. I should also like to thank Shri B. W. Khadilkar, l\ITanager, Photozincographic Press, Poona, Shri S_ A. Sapre, Assistant Director, Government Printing and Stationery, Bombay, Shri J. W. D'Souza, l\t1:anager, and Shri S_ R. Desai, Assistant :Manager. Government Central Press, Bombay :for their valuable advice and co-operation in the p~roduction o:f these booklets. Lastly I should like to express my gratitude to Shri Rajeshwari Prasad, I.A.S., Deputy Registrar General, India, who visited Bombay and inspected the work in progress, and vvhose sou.nd advice and guidance vvas made available throughout the course of the linguistic sorting operation_ J_ B_ BOWMAN, Superintendent or Census Operations, Bombay State, BOJVrBAY. Bombay, 19th October 1955. I NOTE:~· REFERENCE TALUKA BOUNDARY - -- -------------- - --- -- -- ----- - --- - - -- - - - ---- - - -- - --- G 2. 5 7 HAY E 8iU£N TREATED A. S ON£ UN iT FOR PLO'r TIN W OF COLOU RS . VILLAGE -do- ------- ----- -- - ------ ----- - - --------- ---------- --- COD E NUMBER ----- - - ----------- --------- - ---- - --- -- --- -------- --- 57 MARATHI (MOTHER TONGUE) SPEAKERS EXCEED 50f.--- ---- -- ------- - -- ::[==~ KANNADA (-do- - do-) -do- --do - - ---- --- - - - -- --- - - ( K ONK.o.I'II (-do- - do-) -do- -do- - ----------- - --------[==== f N EIT HER MARATHI NOR K A NNADA NOR KONKANI SPEAKERS E XCEED 50; 1:; :::: U ..J « I ,._ t J •• ~.""" v o KARWAR TALUKA KA NA RA DIS T RIC T Scale of Miles o I 2 8, !,,' " ! t : f -- - - ------------ - _ _ - _ _ __ _ ---'=-A Stat,ist.ics of Persons speaking the Principal Mother-Tongue Languages in the Villages and Tow-ns of certain Talukas of Bombay State. (Compiled from the 1951 Census enumera.tion slips_) TALUKA KARWAR DISTRIOT KANARA Location Code No_ Name of the Population Mother Tongue (Absolute Figures) Mother Tongue (Percentages) of the Village or Towcn Village or'Tow-n 1. 2 4 7 11 12 20--I Ka.rw-a.r 19,744 3,474 9,039 1,607 56 45-8 S-l 0-3 2O-1-I Chitkula 6,315 145 367 4,855 943 5 5-8 76-9 14-9 0-1 20-1-TI Majali 5,820 818 692 4,252 49 9 11"0 73-1 o-s 0-2 Tot>al for TOW-HO'< 31,879 4,437 6.627 18,146 2,5fH) 70 13'9 20'S 56-9 Villages, 1. Anl<ialli 2,373 20 1,259 I,058 36 o-s 44-6 2 Todur 716 476 239 1 33-4 0-1 3 Chendiye 2,632 50 1,207 1,213 71 1 49-3 46-], 2-7 4 Kodar 1,021 112 841 65 3 11-0 82'4 6'4 0-3 5 Argo 1,465 2 1,314 1.44 1 4 0'1 89'7 o's 0'1 o-s 6 Binge 2,441 283 1,660 422 76 11-0 68'0 3-I 7 Baad Tikka IT 4- 345 1,742 I 0-2 83-S 7A Baad 4-63 9 34 420 1-9 90-7 8 Nandangadde 2,611 22 424 1,766 399 O-S 16-2 67-6 15'3 n Sunkeri 451 104 339 s 23'0 75-2 I-S 10 Ka.thinllon 3 155 1,165 256 0-2 9-S 73-S 1.6-2 11 ~Iakhe.ri 631 4 4- 623 0-6 0-6 98-7 12 Shirvvad 880 75 201 00.:3 2 S-5 22'S 68-4- 13 2,609 690 1.645 274 26-4 63-), 14 Kinnar 2,459 288 2,021 150 11.-7 82-2 15 Siddar 848 1.