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US5136990.Pdf |||||||||||||| USOO5136990A United States Patent (19) 11) Patent Number: 5,136,990 Motoyama et al. 45) Date of Patent: Aug. 11, 1992 54 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM INCLUDING 4,779,581 10/1988 Maier ................................ 123A73. A SUPPLEMENTAL FUEL NJECTOR Primary Examiner-Andrew M. Dolinar 75 Inventors: Yu Motoyama; Toshikazu Ozawa; Assistant Examiner-M. Macy Junichi Kaku, all of Iwata, Japan Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Ernest A. Beutler 73 Assignee: Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha, 57 ABSTRACT Iwata, Japan A fuel injection system for a two cycle crankcase com 21 Appl. No.: 591,957 pression internal combustion engine including a first injector that supplies fuel directly to the combustion 22 Filed: Oct. 2, 1990 chamber of the engine. An induction system is provided (30) Foreign Application Priority Data for inducting air into the crankcase chamber of the Oct. 2, 1989 JP Japan .................................. 1-257459 engine and in a multiple cylinder engine this includes a manifold having a single inlet. A throttle body having a 51 Int. Cl.............................. 12373 A; FO2B33/04 throttle valve controls the flow of air through the inlet 52 U.S. C. ................................................... 123/73 C and a second fuel injector sprays fuel into the throttle 58 Field of Search ............. 123/73 A, 73 AD, 73 C, body upstream of the throttle valve and against the 123/73 R, 73 B, 304 throttle valve in certain positions of the throttle valve. 56) References Cited In accordance with one disclosed embodiment of the invention, the second fuel injector supplies the fuel U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS requirements for maximum power while the first fuel 4,446,833 5/1984. Matsushita et al. .............. 123/73 C injector supplies the fuel requirements for low and mid 4,625,688 12/1986 Takayasu .......................... 123/73 C 4,671,220 6/1987 Inoue et al. ....................... 123/73 A range performance, but does not have adequate capac 4,700,671 10/1987 Matsushita ........................ 123A73 R ity to supply all of the fuel for high range performance. 4,770,136 9/1988 Newman ........................... 23/73. A 4,777,913 10/1988 Staerlz .............................. 12.3/73 A 40 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 Sheet 1 of 7 5,136,990 U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 Sheet 2 of 7 5,136,990 Figure 2 ;------+-- U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 Sheet 3 of 7 5,136,990 U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 Sheet 4 of 7 5,136,990 Figure 6 signal to regulator in 4-S Q O f Wi?ba 4. 25 E 29 49Ne?N. N.Z. 59 46SNNS, N geezy7 ACzyzzzzzzpeSS), C-47 20 3. A42 ZZ 2% 31-N) 4. 22a 2 -31 32 33 32 / N33 U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 Sheet 5 of 7 5,136,990 aumô,Z E> U.S. Patent Aug. 11, 1992 sheet 6 of 7 5,136,990 The amount of the supplied fuel O Y Throttle valve opening area Throttle valve opening area O X Engine speed R --> U.S. Patent Aug. 1, 1992 Sheet 7 of 7 5,136,990 5,136,990 2 chamber is provided and transfer port means transfer a FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM INCLUDING compressed charge from the crankcase chamber to the SUPPLEMENTAL FUEL INJECTOR combustion chamber. Inlet means are provided for de livering a charge to the crankcase chamber and throttle BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 5 valve means control the flow through the inlet means. This invention relates to a fuel injection system and In accordance with a first feature of the invention, a more particularly to a fuel injection system including a second fuel injector is provided for injecting fuel sub injector and an improved location and orientation against the throttle valve means in at least some posi for such a sub injector. tions of the throttle valve means so as to improve mix The use of direct fuel injection in two cycle crank 10 ture distribution. case compression internal combustion engines is real In accordance with another feature of the invention, ized as a way in which the emissions and economy of a second fuel injector is provided for injecting fuel into such engines can be controlled. However, it has been the inlet means upstream of the throttle valve means so found that if all of the fuel for the engine running is as to protect the second fuel injector from deposits injected directly into the cylinder, that certain problems 15 under low speed running conditions. may arise. Specifically, the crankcase and piston may not be adequately cooled under high speed high load BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS running conditions. Normally, fuel is introduced in a FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view taken through one two cycle crankcase compression engine through the cylinder of a multiple cylinder, two cycle, crankcase crankcase and this fuel in the crankcase and its vapori 20 compression engine constructed in accordance with an zation tends to cool the lower end of the engine and the embodiment of the invention. underside of the piston. However, if all of the fuel is FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, with portions bro directly injected, then this cooling does not result and ken away, of the engine and looking generally in the certain overheating problems may be encountered. direction of the arrow 2 in FIG. 1. Also, the use of a single fuel injector and direct fuel 25 injection has been found not to provide the adequate FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the engine. control for the fuel as may be desired under some condi FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the engine looking tions. That is, if a single, direct fuel injector is en in the opposite direction from FIG. 2. ployed, it may not be possible to provide the desired FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken fuel control and maximum power output. 30 through the air induction system and showing the sup To offset the deficiencies as aforenoted, it has been plemental fuel injector. proposed to provide an arrangement wherein a sub FIG. 6 is a further enlarged cross sectional view injector is provided that will inject fuel into the induc showing the relationship of the supplemental injector to tion system or crankcase under high speed and high the throttle valve. load conditions to supplement the fuel that is supplied 35 FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the induction system. directly to the combustion chamber by the main injec FIG. 8 is a graphic view showing the amount of fuel tor. However, the use of such sub injectors gives rise to supplied in relation to throttle opening between the certain other problems. main and sub injector. Specifically, if a multiple cylinder engine is em FIG. 9 is a graphic view showing the relationship of ployed, it is desirable to provide only a single sub injec throttle valve opening and engine speed to the amount tor for all cylinders so as to reduce costs. However, the of fuel delivery from the main and sub injectors. previously proposed systems have provided some diffi FIG. 10 is a graphic view showing the injection tim culty in insuring adequate mixture distribution from the ing of the main injection system. sub injector to all cylinders under high speed condi OETAILED OESCRIPTION OF THE tions. In addition, since the sub injector normally oper 45 ates only at high speed conditions, prolonged periods of PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS low speed running can give rise to plugging or clogging Referring now in detail to the drawings and initially of the sub injector. This occurs due to the blow back of primarily to FIGS. 1 through 4, a three cylinder, in line, gases from the crankcase into the induction system, two cycle, crankcase compression, internal combustion even when flow controlling check valves are employed. SO engine constructed in accordance with an embodiment It is, therefore, a principal object of this invention to of the invention is identified generally by the reference provide an improved fuel injection system for a two numeral 11. The engine 11 is, as noted, illustrated to be cycle crankcase compression engine employing a sub a three cylinder, in line type engine. It is to be under injector and wherein a single sub injector can serve stood, however, that the invention may be also em multiple cylinders and good mixture distribution is in 55 ployed in conjunction with engines having other num Sured. bers of cylinders and other cylinder orientations. In It is a further object of this invention to provide a sub fact, certain features of the invention can be utilized in injector arrangement for the two cycle crankcase com conjunction with rotary rather than reciprocating type pression internal combustion engine wherein the sub engines and, in addition, some features of the invention injector will be protected from deposits, particularly may also be employed in engines operating on the four during the times when it is not injecting fuel. stroke rather than two stroke principle. The invention, however, has particular utility in conjunction with two SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION stroke engines. This invention is adapted to be embodied in a fuel The engine 11 is comprised of a cylinder block assem injection system for a two cycle crankcase compression bly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 12, in internal combustion engine that comprises a combustion which three aligned cylinder bores 13 are formed by chamber and a first fuel injection nozzle for spraying cylinder liner 14 that are received within the cylinder fuel directly into the combustion chamber. A crankcase block 12 in a known manner.
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