DOCSLIB.ORG

October 1956

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
October 1956 ~GAZINE Please address all commw~ica tions to THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, INC. 1600 Bladensburg Road, Northeast Washington 2, D. C. OFFICERS P1'esident: Dr. Donovan S. Correll, Renner, T exas First Vice-President: Dr. Frederick W. Coe, Bethesda, Maryland Second Vice-Presiden·t : Mrs. Walter Douglas, Chauncey, New York Secretary: Dr. Francis de Vos, Washington, D. C. T1'e as~£rer: Miss Olive E. Weatherell, Olean, New York Editor: Mr. B. Y. Morrison, Pass Christian, Mississippi ManagitJ,g Editor: Mr. James R. Harlow, Quinque, Virginia Edit01'ia l Staff: Miss May M. Blaine, Washington, D. C. Mr. Bernard T. Bridgers, Washington, D. C. Ad Editor: Mr. Cha·rles C. Dickson, Kensington, Maryland DIRECTORS T erms Expi1'ing 1957 T e1'11"ls Exp'iring 1958 Dr. Ca rl O. Erlanson, Silver Spring, Mary- Mr. Stuart Armstrong, Silver Spring, Mary- land land Mr. Frederic P. Lee, Bethesda, Maryland Dr. John L. Creech, Glenn Dale, Maryland Mr. Brian O. Mulligan, Seattle, Washington Mrs. Peggie Schulz, Minneapolis, Minnesota Dr. J . F. Styer, Concordville, Pennsylvania Dr. R. P . White, Washington, D. C. Dr. Freeman A. W eiss, Washington, D. C. Mrs. Harry Wood, Swarthmore, Pennsyl­ vania DIRECTORS EMERITUS Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss, Washington, D. C. Mrs. J . Norman Henry, Gladwyne, P ennsy lvania Mrs. Mortimer J. Fox, Mt. Kisco, New York Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott, Wallingford, Pennsylvania HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS Dr. A. S. Crafts Mrs. Martha F. Maxwell American Society of Plant Physiologists Epiphylh!m Society of Ame1'ica University of California 500 Grove Place Department of Botany Glendale 6, California Davis, California Dr. Dwight M. Moore Mr. Harry W. Dengler American Fern Society Holly Society of Amer~ca University of Arkansas MarylaHd Extension Service Department of Botany and Bacteriology College Park, Maryland Fayetteville, Arkansas Dr. Freeman S. Howlett Mr. W. D. Morton, Jr. America1, Society for Horticultural Science At11erica1t Amaryllis Society The Ohio State University 3114 State Street Drive Department of Horticulture and Forestry New Orleans 25, Louisiana Wooster, Ohio Miss Gertrude M. Smith Mrs. Roy Arthur Hunt John 1. Tyler Arboretum Garden Club of America Lima, Middletown Township 4875 Ellsworth Avenue Delaware County, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania Dr. Donald P . Watson Mr. Woodson K. Jones American H ort~cul tlwal Council Men's Garden Clubs of America Michigan State University 1827 Devine Street Department of Horticulture Jackson 2, Mississippi East Lansing, Michigan The National Horticultural Magazine VOL. 35 Copyright) 1956, by THE AivIERIC AN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, INC. No. 4 OCTOBER 1956 CONTENTS Bauhinia-The So-Called Orchid Tr(les. R. BRUCE LEDI N and EDWIN A. MENNINGER ____ ___ __________________________________ . _____ ._____________________ 183 Four Native American Mints. H ELEN M. Fox ____ ________________________________________ 201 Your Hibiscus and How To Grow Them. CLARENCE A . BASS ________________ 207 Jean and Vespasien Robin, "Royal Botanists," and North American Plants, 1601-1635. MAR]ORrE F. WAR NER ____ __ _____________________________________ 214 Florists' Gloxinias-1817-1956_ PEGGIE SCHULZ ______ __ ____________ __ _________ ___ ________ 221 Scented-Leaved Geraniums. MARY ELLEN Ross _____ ___ _______________________ _____ ____ 225 A Book Or Two ____________ ____ ________ ____ __ ____________ __________ ____________ ______ ____ ___ __________________ _ 235 Index To VolLu11e 3 5 ____ _______ ___________________________________________________________________ ____________ 239 The National Horticultural Magazine The National Horticultural Magazine is a quarterly journal, being the official publicatiou of The American Horticultural Society, Incorporated. It is devoted to the dissemination of knowledge in the science and art of growing ornamental plants, fruits, vegetables, and related subj ects. The Journal is printed by Monumental Printing Company at Thirty-second Street and Elm Avenue in Baltimore, Maryland, and is entered as second class matter in-the post office of that city in accordance with the Act of August 24, 1912. Additional entry for Washington, D. c., was authorized July 15, 1955, in accordance with the provisions of Section 132.122, Postal Manual. Subscription to the Journal is included in membership, which is $5.00 a calendar year. Original papers increasing the historical, varietal, and cultural knowledges of plant mate­ rials of economic and aesthetic importance are most welcomed and will be published as pf0mptly as possible. Material of lasting interest appearing in related journals will be re­ printed as available. Publications received for the Library will be reviewed and made avail­ able to members after publication of the reviews. These books are designated "Library" following the prices in the book reviews. Reviews of private collections will also be accepted and published. Th'ese books, however, are not available for loan to members of the Society. Manuscripts should be prepared to conform to the style adopted in the latest number of the current volume. The nomenclature us('d in manuscripts, whether treating horticultural or botanical subjects, should be in conformance insofar as possible with the Codes published by the International Association for Plant Taxol'lomy. They should be typewritten with douhle­ spacing, leaving a one-inch margin at the left for editorial direction to the printer. Footnotes to text statements should be avoided unless they are absolutely necessary. Usually the infor­ mation can be included in the text, parenthetically if necessary, without making the reading too cumbersome. Footnotes to tables are often necessary and should be designated by small Roman letters. Literature citations, footnotes and illustration legends should be on a separate sheet. Authors are requested to give for each citation, the author, or authors, year of publica­ tion, full title or citation withoat abbreviation of the journal or volume, in the case of jour­ nals, the beginning and ending pages; of books the edition number and the number of pages, the name and address of the publisher. One set of the galley proofs will be sent to the author for corrections, which should be held to a minimum. and such corrections should be returned immediately. Reprints, saddle-stapled, will be furnished in accordance with the following schedule of prices, plus postage, and should be ordered at the time galley proof is returned by the author: Copies 2pp 4pp 8 pp 12 pp 16 pp Covers 100 $ 5.50 $10.00 $20.00 $29.00 $38.00 $10.00 200 7.00 11.50 23.00 .33.50 43.50 11.50 300 8.50 13.00 26.00 38.00 49.00 13.00 400 10.00 14.50 29.00 42.50 54.50 14.50 The Journal is issued for the guarters commencing with January, April, July, and October. Manuscripts mast reach the Editorial Office at the Society's Headquarters three months before publication is desired. Missing numbers will be replaced without charge provided claim is received in the Editorial Office within thirty days after publication date. B(}juhinia acu1niNata BAUHINIA The So .. Ca lled Orchid Trees R. BRUCE LEDIN1 & EDWIN A. MENNINGER2 Most popular of flowering tropical tain animals, and this resemblance has trees from southern California to Florida3 given to the plants, in many countries, the and in restricted warm areas of the Gulf common names of cow-hoof, bull-hoof, Coast are the so-called "orchid trees," horse-hoof, goat-hoof, sheep-hoof, camel­ which are not orchids at all, but belong foot, deer-hoof, mule-hoof, etc. to the bean family. Many of them do have pretty flowers, remotely orchid-like Actually, the leaf shapes of BM~hinia in appearance, which are responsible for vary considerably and are of three dis­ the common name. The correct name of tinct types: (a) Simple leaf which is the genus is Bauhinia, honoring botan­ notched, cleft, incised, or divided to some ists John and Caspar Bauhin who were degree, thus making a bi-Iobed leaf. This not twins, as sometimes reported; John division may merely be a slight indenta­ was born in 1541 and died in 1631, Cas­ tion at the apex (as in B. retusa) or it par was born in 1560 (19 years younger) may be to the middle of the leaf or nearly and died in 1624. The dual brother idea to the base (B. 1'ufesce1'ls). The common is carried out by the plants, for practically species in cultivation are of this type­ all of the 500 kinds4 of Ba~d",i11lia have but it is the "twin lobes" of the leaf not two-lobed or twin leaves, shaped to sug­ "twin leaves." (b) A few species (appar­ gest the imprint of the cloven hoof of cer- ently none in cultivation) have entire 1 Assistant Horticulturist, University of Flor­ enheit. B. saigonensis has been grown success­ ida, Sub-Tropical Experiment Station, Home­ fully under slat shade in Gainesville. stead, Florida. 4 Weare aware that most books say there 2 The Flowering Tree Man, Stuart, Florida. are about 250 species of Ba7-£hil£ia. But after 3 B. variegata has been grown successfully as checking through Kew Index and all the avail­ far north as Ocala. Also plants have been tried in Gainesville and Daytona Beach but a cold able floras of tropical countries, we have come winter will usually kill them back to the ground. to the conclusion that the number of species is In Gainesville, one small tree flowered in Janu­ probably close to 500. Of these, probably about ary but it was killed later that year. The tree fifty are in cultivation throughout the world, prefers warm areas, but it has succeeded as far but only about ten species are well known. north as New Orleans where it has survived There are more than a hundred species native temperatures down to twenty-six degrees Fahr- to Brazil. [1 83 1 184 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE October 1956 leaves with an obtuse or pointed apex a;lJ The Big Three resemble the common red-bud leaves.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eremophila Denticulata Subsp
    INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN NO.184 CUMQUAT EREMOPHILA (EREMOPHILA DENTICULATA SUBSP. TRISULCATA MS) INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN 2004-2009 Mike Fitzgerald1, Ryan Butler2 and Andrew Brown3 Nature Conservation Coordinator, Esperance District, CALM, PO Box 234, Esperance WA 6450 Conservation Officer (Flora), Esperance District, CALM, PO Box 234, Esperance WA 6450 Coordinator Threatened Flora, WA Threatened Species and Communities Unit, CALM, PO Box 51 Wanneroo, 6946. Photograph: Ryan Butler July 2004 Department of Conservation and Land Management Western Australian Threatened Species and Communities Unit (WATSCU) PO Box 51, Wanneroo, WA 6946 FOREWORD Interim Recovery Plans (IRPs) are developed within the framework laid down in Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) Policy Statements Nos. 44 and 50. IRPs outline the recovery actions that are required to urgently address those threatening processes most affecting the ongoing survival of threatened taxa or ecological communities, and begin the recovery process. CALM is committed to ensuring that Critically Endangered taxa are conserved through the preparation and implementation of Recovery Plans or Interim Recovery Plans and by ensuring that conservation action commences as soon as possible and always within one year of endorsement of that rank by the Minister. This Interim Recovery Plan will operate from July 2004 to June 2009 but will remain in force until withdrawn or replaced. It is intended that, if the taxon is still ranked Endangered, this IRP will be reviewed after five years and the need for a full recovery plan assessed. This IRP was given regional approval on 11 November, 2004 and was approved by the Director of Nature Conservation 24 December, 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • Glamorgan Botany Group 2017 Excursion Report
    Glamorgan Botany Group 2017 Excursion Report With the end of the BSBI’s date-class inching closer, our six excursions this year all focused on 1km squares with precisely zero post-2000 records in the BSBI’s database, and over the course of our visits we recorded plants in 24 of these squares. As always, it is difficult to pick highlights, but April’s Ceratochloa carinata (California Brome) and September’s Juncus foliosus (Leafy Rush) certainly rank among the most significant discoveries... although those preferring plants with less ‘specialist appeal’ may have chosen the fine display of Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Southern Marsh Orchid) in June or the array of bog plants in July and September! Of course, we’re always sharing tips on plant identification, and this year provided plenty of opportunities to do that too – so if you want to get to know Glamorgan’s plants better, then keep an eye out for our 2018 excursion plan, which we’ll send round in February. David Barden, Karen Wilkinson and Julian Woodman Barry – Saturday 22 April On a bright, sunny, warm day, 10 botanists met to explore the open spaces in and around the old villages of Cadoxton and Merthyr Dyfan, now well within the urban area of Barry. Starting in a small area of grassland next to our meeting point, we found a few species of interest including Medicago arabica (Spotted Medick), Lactuca virosa (Great Lettuce), and Papaver lecoqii (Yellow-juiced Poppy, identified by its yellow sap). Moving into Victoria Park (shown on old maps as Cadoxton Common), we found a good range of species of short grassland, with pale- flowered Geranium molle (Dove’s-foot Cranesbill) resulting in an examination of the characteristics separating it from G.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Variability of the Bulgarian Endemic Betonica Bulgarica Degen Et Neič
    Acta Bot. Croat. 75 (1), 81–88, 2016 CODEN: ABCRA 25 DOI: 10.1515/botcro-2016-0020 ISSN 0365-0588 eISSN 1847-8476 Morphological variability of the Bulgarian endemic Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. (Lamiaceae) from Sinite Kamani Natural Park, Eastern Balkan Range Neli H. Grozeva1*, Mariya A. Gerdzhikova2, Dimitar H. Pavlov2, Galia D. Panayotova2, Mima H. Todorova2 1 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 2 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Growing, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria Abstract – Four populations of Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. at Sinite Kamani Natural Park were mor- phologically tested. Intrapopulation and interpopulation variabilities were established. The rеlationship be- tween morphological variability, number, area and ecological appurtenance of the studied populations were explored. The results demonstrated that the main source of phenotype variation is intrapopulation variability, mainly due to the age structure of populations. The most variable traits are height of stem and dimensions of leaves. The registered interpopulation variability was affected by the differences in altitude, soil type and dif- ferences in environmental conditions and soil properties. Indumentum and morphology of generative organs had taxonomic signifi cance for distinguishing B. bulgarica from the other species in the genus, including the species that were morphologically most similar to it – Betonica offi cinalis L. Keywords: Betonica bulgarica, morphology populations, variations Introduction not been subjected to detailed morphological studies. The polyphenol content in roots and above-ground parts has Endemic plants are an emblematic symbol of the Bul- been studied (Bankova et al. 1999). Data about the state of garian fl ora and one of the most sensitive and vulnerable B.
    [Show full text]
  • Fair Use of This PDF File of Herbaceous
    Fair Use of this PDF file of Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES-93 By Leonard P. Perry Published by NRAES, July 1998 This PDF file is for viewing only. If a paper copy is needed, we encourage you to purchase a copy as described below. Be aware that practices, recommendations, and economic data may have changed since this book was published. Text can be copied. The book, authors, and NRAES should be acknowledged. Here is a sample acknowledgement: ----From Herbaceous Perennials Production: A Guide from Propagation to Marketing, NRAES- 93, by Leonard P. Perry, and published by NRAES (1998).---- No use of the PDF should diminish the marketability of the printed version. This PDF should not be used to make copies of the book for sale or distribution. If you have questions about fair use of this PDF, contact NRAES. Purchasing the Book You can purchase printed copies on NRAES’ secure web site, www.nraes.org, or by calling (607) 255-7654. Quantity discounts are available. NRAES PO Box 4557 Ithaca, NY 14852-4557 Phone: (607) 255-7654 Fax: (607) 254-8770 Email: [email protected] Web: www.nraes.org More information on NRAES is included at the end of this PDF. Acknowledgments This publication is an update and expansion of the 1987 Cornell Guidelines on Perennial Production. Informa- tion in chapter 3 was adapted from a presentation given in March 1996 by John Bartok, professor emeritus of agricultural engineering at the University of Connecticut, at the Connecticut Perennials Shortcourse, and from articles in the Connecticut Greenhouse Newsletter, a publication put out by the Department of Plant Science at the University of Connecticut.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinningia, Information About the First Webinar, and Some New Hybrids
    Gleanings a monthly newsletter from The Gesneriad Society, Inc. (articles and photos selected from chapter newsletters, our journal Gesneriads, and original sources) Volume 6, Number 12 December 2015 Welcome to the latest issue of Gleanings! This issue includes photos from a visit to Mollie Howell's growing areas, Paul Susi's report of Ray Coyle's talk on Sinningia, information about the first webinar, and some new hybrids. Hope you enjoy Gleanings! !!Mel Grice, Editor Paul Susi of South Huntington, NY, USA sent these photos of Petrocosmea parryorum. Top photo was taken at the Northeast Regional Convention and the photo on the right was taken a few weeks later when the plant was in full bloom at home. http://gesneriadsociety.org/!!!!!December 2015 ! page 1 A Visit to Mollie Howell's Mollie Howell [email protected] Clearwater, FL, USA growing areas Alsobia punctata Mollie Howell, Carolyn Ripps, and Mike Horton outside Mollie's lath house. Mel Grice photos Inside the lath house http://gesneriadsociety.org/!!!!!December 2015 ! page 2 xRhytidoneria 'Ako Cardinal Flight' Mel Grice photos http://gesneriadsociety.org/!!!!!December 2015 ! page 3 Sinningia bullata Smithiantha 'An's Rich Girl' Lath house is behind the pool on the right Mel Grice photos http://gesneriadsociety.org/!!!!!December 2015 ! page 4 Sinningia a report on the September program Paul Susi [email protected] South Huntington, NY, USA Ray Coyle spoke to us at the September meeting about one of his gesneriad passions, the genus Sinningia. Ray is a member of The Gesneriad Society and the Long Island Gesneriad Society, where he is a director and handles plant sales.
    [Show full text]
  • Bauhinia Acuminata
    299 NON-GENETIC POLYMORPHISM IN BAUHINIA A C U3 'IINA TA L BY K. R. DRONAMRAJU Indian ,5'lalislica[ Institute, 6'alcttlla-.'~5 (Received i0-11-59) INTRODUCTION In the year 1958 Professor J.B.S. I-Ialdane suggested that I should look for heterostylism in Indian plant species where it had not previously been observed. I found a condition resembling it on a bush ofBa:~hinia acuminal,a L. This however differs fi'om the hetero- styIism so far reported in three respects. First, long and short styled flowers are found on the same plant; secondly the lengths of the filaments of the two flower types are not negatively correlated with the style length; and thirdly, most, if not all of the short styled flowers, are female sterile, i began measuring the styles on this bush in tl~e middle of the flowering season, and the results encouraged me to measure them on four other bushes of the same species. A bush can produce up to 50 flowers in a day, so it was possible to compare the results on different bushes, and on the same bush at difl'erent times. ]~ATERIAL The members of the species Bauhblia acumiTmla L. are leguminous plants belonging to the subfamily Caesalpineae. They have woody upright stems growing to a height of 12 feet. The leaves consist of 2 leaEets joined to form a single leaf with two lobes at the apex. The flowers are white and solitary, and very conspicuous, making the bush attractive in a garden. The 5 petals are slightly unequal in size.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinningia Speciosa Sinningia Speciosa (Buell "Gloxinia") Hybrid (1952 Cover Image from the GLOXINIAN)
    GESNERIADS The Journal for Gesneriad Growers Vol. 61, No. 3 Third Quarter 2011 Sinningia speciosa Sinningia speciosa (Buell "Gloxinia") hybrid (1952 cover image from THE GLOXINIAN) ADVERTISERS DIRECTORY Arcadia Glasshouse ................................49 Lyndon Lyon Greenhouses, Inc.............34 Belisle's Violet House ............................45 Mrs Strep Streps.....................................45 Dave's Violets.........................................45 Out of Africa..........................................45 Green Thumb Press ................................39 Pat's Pets ................................................45 Kartuz Greenhouses ...............................52 Violet Barn.............................................33 Lauray of Salisbury ................................34 6GESNERIADS 61(3) Once Upon a Gloxinia … Suzie Larouche, Historian <[email protected]> Sixty years ago, a boy fell in love with a Gloxinia. He loved it so much that he started a group, complete with a small journal, that he called the American Gloxinia Society. The Society lived on, thrived, acquired more members, studied the Gloxinia and its relatives, gesneriads. After a while, the name of the society changed to the American Gloxinia and Gesneriad Society. The journal, THE GLOXINIAN, grew thicker and glossier. More study and research were conducted on the family, more members and chapters came in, and the name was changed again – this time to The Gesneriad Society. Nowadays, a boy who falls in love with the same plant would have to call it Sinningia speciosa. To be honest, the American Sinningia Speciosa Society does not have the same ring. So in order to talk "Gloxinia," the boy would have to talk about Gloxinia perennis, still a gesneriad, but a totally different plant. Unless, of course, he went for the common name of the spec- tacular Sinningia and decided to found The American Florist Gloxinia Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 4.5 Plant List
    Consultancy Agreement No. NEX/2301 South Island Line (East) Environmental Impact Assessment Appendix 4.5 Plant List Table 1 Plant List of Admiralty to Nam Fung Road Section Scientific Name Native to HK Habit Status Plantation Developed Area Acacia confusa No Tree -- + Acacia mangium No Tree -- + Aglaia odorata No Shrub / Tree -- + Albizia lebbeck No Tree -- + + Aleurites moluccana No Tree -- + Alocasia odora Yes Herb -- ++ Alpinia hainanensis Yes Herb -- ++ Aporusa dioica Yes Tree -- + Archontophoenix alexandrae No Tree Palm -- ++ Areca catechu No Tree Palm -- + Arecastrum romanzoffianum No Tree Palm -- + Arenga engleri No Tree Palm -- + Bauhinia blakeana Yes Shrub / Tree -- + Bauhinia purpurea No Tree -- + Bauhinia variegata No Tree -- + Blechnum orientale Yes Herb -- + Boehmeria nivea No Shrub -- + Bombax ceiba No Tree -- + Bougainvillea glabra No Climber -- + Broussonetia papyrifera Yes Tree -- + Calamus tetradactylus Yes Climber -- + Calliandra haematocephala No Shrub -- + Callistemon viminalis No Tree -- +++ Canna indica No Herb -- + Carmona microphylla No Shrub -- + Caryota mitis No Tree -- +++ Caryota ochlandra No Tree -- + Cassia surattensis No Shrub / Tree -- + Celtis sinensis Yes Tree -- + Chrysalidocarpus lutescens No Shrub Palm -- ++ Cinnamomum camphora Yes Tree -- + Codiaeum variegatum No Shrub -- ++ Cordyline fruticosa No Shrub -- ++ Cratoxylum cochinchinense Yes Shrub / Tree -- + Delonix regia No Tree -- + P:\Hong Kong\INF\Projects2\248137 SIL(E) EIA\Deliverables\Final EIA Vol I\3rd\Appendices\4 Ecology\Appendix 4.5 Plant
    [Show full text]
  • Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations
    Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations Revised Report and Documentation Prepared for: Department of Defense U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Submitted by: January 2004 Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations: Revised Report and Documentation CONTENTS 1.0 Executive Summary..........................................................................................iii 2.0 Introduction – Project Description................................................................. 1 3.0 Methods ................................................................................................................ 3 3.1 NatureServe Data................................................................................................ 3 3.2 DOD Installations............................................................................................... 5 3.3 Species at Risk .................................................................................................... 6 4.0 Results................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Nationwide Assessment of Species at Risk on DOD Installations..................... 8 4.2 Assessment of Species at Risk by Military Service.......................................... 13 4.3 Assessment of Species at Risk on Installations ................................................ 15 5.0 Conclusion and Management Recommendations.................................... 22 6.0 Future Directions.............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mothers, Markets and Medicine Hanna Lindh
    Mothers, markets and medicine The role of traditional herbal medicine in primary women and child health care in the Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania Hanna Lindh Degree project in biology, Bachelor of science, 2015 Examensarbete i biologi 15 hp till kandidatexamen, 2015 Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University Supervisors: Sarina Veldman and Hugo de Boer 1 Abstract Traditional medicine is still the most common primary healthcare used in Tanzania, especially among women. The ethnobotanical studies performed in Tanzania have not explored women’s traditional medicine, with the result that we do not know that much about it, including if women’s usage of medicinal plants create a threat against the medicinal flora’s biodiversity or not. Field studies consisting of interviews and collections of medicinal plants were carried out in the Dar es Salaam region in Tanzania before identifying the collected specimens by DNA barcoding, literature and morphology in Uppsala, Sweden. The 33 informants belonged to 15 different ethnic groups and 79% of them had migrated to Dar es Salaam. A total of 249 plant species were mentioned for women’s healthcare and 140 for children’s healthcare. The medicinal plants frequently reported as used for women’s health and childcare during structured interviews and free-listing exercises were Senna occidentalis/ Cassia abbreviata, Zanthoxylum sp., Clausena anisata, Acalypha ornata and Ximenia sp. The most salient uses of medicinal plants by women were during pregnancy, childbirth, menstruation, to induce abortion, and for cleansing infants and treating convulsions in children. Most of the fresh specimens were collected from disturbance vegetation. The informants having most interview answers in common were the market vendors, healers and herbalists and they were the only informants that mentioned species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Analysis of Fruit Extract of Myrsine Africana
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Academic Sciences ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 3, Issue 4, 2011 Research Article PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF MYRSINE AFRICANA VASUDHA ABBHI*, LINCY JOSEPH, MATHEW GEORGE School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan (H.P.) India. Email: [email protected] Received: 13 Aug 2011, Revised and Accepted: 11 Sep 2011 ABSTRACT The present paper deals with the phytochemical screening of therapeutic importance from Myrsine africana, an important medicinal plant. This study involves the preliminary screening and quantitative determination of secondary metabolites from the fruits of M.africana. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, amino acids, steroids and reducing sugar. The amount of the saponins and tannins in methanolic extracts are reported (17.5% and 4% respectively). The generated data has provided the basis for its wide use as the therapeutant both in the traditional and folk medicines. Keywords: Myrsine Africana, Fruits, Phytochemical analysis. INTRODUCTION Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.). Voucher specimens were deposited with the Herbarium at Nauni and are entered in the In recent times, there have been increased waves of interest in the UHF-Herbarium Field book no. 5585 dated 14.09.2010. field of Research in Natural Products Chemistry1. Plants have been used as treatments for thousands of years, based on experience and Preparation of extracts folk remedies and continue to draw wide attention for their role in the treatment of mild and chronic diseases2. The plant kingdom Aqueous extract represents an enormous reservoir of biologically active compounds The aqueous extract of fruits of Myrsine africana was prepared by with various chemical structures and protective/disease preventive the method of Decoction: properties (phytochemicals).
    [Show full text]
  • Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas Pt. 2
    Surinam (Pulle, 1906). 8. Gliricidia Kunth & Endlicher Unarmed, deciduous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, petiolate, odd-pinnate, 1- pinnate. Inflorescence an axillary, many-flowered raceme. Flowers papilionaceous; sepals united in a cupuliform, weakly 5-toothed tube; standard petal reflexed; keel incurved, the petals united. Stamens 10; 9 united by the filaments in a tube, 1 free. Fruit dehiscent, flat, narrow; seeds numerous. 1. Gliricidia sepium (Jacquin) Kunth ex Grisebach, Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Gottingen 7: 52 (1857). MADRE DE CACAO (Surinam); ACACIA DES ANTILLES (French Guiana). Tree to 9 m; branches hairy when young; poisonous. Leaves with 4-8 pairs of leaflets; leaflets elliptical, acuminate, often dark-spotted or -blotched beneath, to 7 x 3 (-4) cm. Inflorescence to 15 cm. Petals pale purplish-pink, c.1.2 cm; standard petal marked with yellow from middle to base. Fruit narrowly oblong, somewhat woody, to 15 x 1.2 cm; seeds up to 11 per fruit. Range: Mexico to South America. Grown as an ornamental in the Botanic Gardens, Georgetown, Guyana (Index Seminum, 1982) and in French Guiana (de Granville, 1985). Grown as a shade tree in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). In tropical America this species is often interplanted with coffee and cacao trees to shade them; it is recommended for intensified utilization as a fuelwood for the humid tropics (National Academy of Sciences, 1980; Little, 1983). 9. Pterocarpus Jacquin Unarmed, nearly evergreen trees, sometimes lianas. Leaves alternate, petiolate, odd- pinnate, 1-pinnate; leaflets alternate. Inflorescence an axillary or terminal panicle or raceme. Flowers papilionaceous; sepals united in an unequally 5-toothed tube; standard and wing petals crisped (wavy); keel petals free or nearly so.
    [Show full text]