Current uses of

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team7a:Telerobots ------team7a:Applications ------team7a:Recent Uses ------team7a:Examples #Domestic robots ------team7a:Examples #Military robots ------team7a:Applications ------team7a:Examples #Medical robots ------team7a:Applications ------team7a:Popular medical robots in use ------#Advantages of medical robots ------#Disadvantages of medical robots #Industrial robots ------team7a:Applications ------team7a:Industrial robots manufacturers #Consumer robots ------team7a:Examples team7a:Useful links

Robots Wiki Main

History of robots - Chronology of key events - Notable figures contributing to development Current uses of robots Future advancements of robots - Human interaction - Fully autonomous vehicles - Space exploration - Swarm Ethical issues involved in the usage of robots - Human replacement issues - Safety issues - Social rights - Rights under law team7a:Telerobots

This is a robot that has a combination of teleoperations and automatic control. They are robots that can be controlled from a distance using wireless connections such as:

Wi-Fi Bluetooth The Deep Space Network Tethered connection The Internet

Teleoperations and are the major subfields of Telerobots. Teleoperations means "doing work at a distance" while Telepresence means "feeling like you are somewhere else". This means that one can operate the robot even if one is far away from the robot. Thus, they are considered more capable robots than any other robots available as they can perform a larger class of tasks. Thus, the advantages of these robots are magnified and the limitations are minimised, as the right cooperative mix of human and automated agents for any given set of missions. They are useful in semi-structured to unstructured environment.

Applications

Space exploration Biomedical areas Hazardous area exploration The leader in this field is NASA. As they look to more distant stars, they need the help of Telerobots. They have been developing Telerobots that can conquer the many potential problems that the Telerobots can face in the space. Such development has extended to the usage of Telerobots under the water. There are two different types of Telerobots that have been useful for NASA; namely free-flying and platform attached Telerobots. 1

Recent uses

Mars Exploration Rovers Hubble Space Telescope Remotely operated Vehicles (ROV), this has been used to explore the wreck of the Titanic Minimally invasive surgical systems - a surgeon can work inside the body through tiny holes just big enough for the , with no need to open up the chest cavity to allow hands inside. 2

Examples

MILO In October 2004 RoboDynamics introduced MILO at the first annual RoboNexus conference in Santa Clara. MILO is a 3.5 foot tall Telepresence robot featuring an onboard PC and running Windows XP Pro and the RoboDynamics Platform SDK (RDP SDK). The RDP SDK is a robust real-time platform for distributed processing of various robotic tasks across local and wide area networks - enabling developers to create various telepresence applications that take advantage of Internet and other types of TCP/UDP networks.

Find out more!

Roomba Tools and Accessories

In January 2006 in collaboration with iRobot Corporation RoboDynamics launched RoombaDevTools.com, a comprehensive web resource for hacking and developing for the iRobot platform. RoombaDevTools.com contains information, forums, galleries, software, and products for Roomba developers. It allows developers and hackers to use Roomba as a mobile robotic platform by creating software and hardware application - in the form of Accessories for the Roobma. The website carries products from RoboDynamics as well as other vendors. 2

team7a:Domestic robots

A domestic robot is a robot used for household chores. Thus far, there are only a few limited models; There are different types and classes:

1. Low level: a basic home robot is any robot that can be used at home, including the entertainment robots, like AIBO(( roBOt), which is a electronic pet. 2. Care and chore robots: used for household chores. 3. The highest level robot is the domobot(domestic robot): used for household chores, autonomous and connected to a WiFi home network or smart environment.

Examples

Low Level:

Toy robots include o Sony's Aibo, a robot pet dog also used by many universities in the RoboCup autonomous soccer competition o Robosapien, a small humanoid remote controlled robot

Care and chore robots:

Robotic mop:

Scooba (by iRobot)

Robotic vacuum cleaners: CleanMate (by Infinuvo) IClebo (by Yujin Robot) Koolvac (by Koolatron) Orazio (by Zuchetti) Ottoro (by Hanool robotics) Roomba (by iRobot

Roomba

Ironing clothes:

Dressman (by Siemens AG). Driron (by Fagor).

Robotic lawnmowers:

RoboMower (by Friendly Robotics) The Husqvarna Automower Ambrogio by Zucchetti

Husqvarna Automower

Robots whose main object is social interaction (partner robots) include:

Wakamaru (like the one below), a designed to provide company for the elderly and less mobile people, made by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, on sale from 2005 Paro, a robot baby seal intended to provide comfort to nursing home patients PaPeRo, a robot designed by NEC to study robot-human interaction.

Wakamaru

Domobot: Transport is the main element in the domestic robotic system, (i.e. moving glasses from the table to the ): In 2006 Sharp said it has developed a humanoid robot that clears dishes from the table and puts them into a dishwasher. The robot (measuring 95x50x45cm) opens the door of the dishwasher, takes hold of cups,bowls and plates and places them in the dishwasher. It can also recognise plastic and ceramic objects. 3

team7a:Military robots

They are robots that are independent or remote-controlled machines designed just for military purposes. Military robots have been used since World War II and the Cold War in the form of Goliath tracked mines and the Soviet teletanks, though their uses were really limited as the machines can only do little or mundane tasks. Now, military robots are the advanced kinds as military contractors in the USA are developing independent robot soldiers. However, most of these robots look more like army tanks than soldiers.

Applications

Dispose of dangerous explosive by All Purpose Remote Transport System (ARTS) Disarm or detonate Explosive Fire Fighting in fires that occurs at industrial plants MAARSTM Robots4 , for distance attacking the enemies *Dragon Runner Field Transformable SUGV*5 can do under vehicle inspection Packbot from iRobot company Talon Robots as used in the Iraq warfare6 FCS UGV Soldier COBRA Dragon Runner MATILDA MPRS - Man Portable Robotic System MTRS - Man Transportable Robotic System ODS SMR - Small T3 URBOT FCS UGV Mule Gladiator MDARS RCSS - Robotic Combat Support System REDCAR RONS - Remote Ordnance Neutralization System SARGE FCS UGV Armed Recon Vehicle ARTS - All-purpose Remote Transport System CAT - Crew-integration and Testbed COUGAR XUV - Experimental Unmanned Vehicle Robotic Follower AOE - Automated Ordnance Excavator CRS - Common Robotic System Panther - M60 Panther II - M1

Examples

ARTS, equipped with a Harley Box Rake, begins explosive-ordnance disposal activities.

Many soldiers felt the power of these machines as these robots have been able to be a super help in various military fields. This can be seen from the email excerpt below:

I have to give a big 'atta boy' to the TALON. I'm not gonna give too many details on the incident, but let's just say the TALON can handle falling off a bridge after a bomb blast and can swim in the rivers... Talon just saved my butt on a huge secondary car bomb down the road from the primary IED. If we didn't send TALON down range we wouldn't be here today. We lost the robot but saved ourself.

As we can see, there are many practical advantages to having these military machines around. This led to Project Alpha, a U.S. Joint Forces Command rapid idea analysis group to focus on the concept of developing and employing robots with more capabilities. They are thinking of ways to conjure up robots that can replace humans to be used in the battlefield.

team7a:Medical robots

They are the machines that are becoming exponentially smarter as the future hurtles forth at a breakneck speed. These robots can perform, or at least assist, doctors and nurses in the complicated and delicate filed of surgery. Some of these robots can perform drug testing and analysis at speeds that was impossible before.

Applications

General Surgery Cardiothoracic Surgery Cardiology and Electrophysiology Gastrointestinal surgery Gynecology Neurosurgery Orthopedics Pediatrics Radiosurgery Urology

Find out more!

Popular Medical Robots in use

Da Vinci Robot It has three arms; one carrying a pair of miniature cameras to produce a 3D image of inside the patient's body, which the surgeon views on a monitor, and the other two which perform the operation through tiny incisions only eight millimeters across.7

Da Vinci

Robodoc It has that is equipped with a high-speed drill, mostly used for orthopaedic operations. The robot mills cavities for hip implants, removes bone cement for revision surgeries, and planes the femoral and tibia surfaces for knee-implants.8

Robot Injection Device The robot finds the patient's vein by gently prodding parts of the arm and by recording the forces of the rebounding tissue. Once it has found the veins, the robot displays their location on a screen, suggesting the most appropriate place to put the needles in.

ZEUS Robotical Surgery System ZEUS has three robotic arms that are mounted on the operating table. One robotic arm is called the Automated Endoscopic System for Optimal Positioning Robotic System (AESOP). AESOP is a voice-activated robot used to hold the endoscope. The FDA cleared AESOP to hold and position endoscopes in 1994, and voice activation was added later. ZEUS differs from the da Vinci system in that the AESOP part of ZEUS responds to voice commands. For example, a surgeon might say: "AESOP move right." The positioning arm then would move right until the "stop" command was given.

ZEUS

Advantages of medical robots

"Robotic arms don't have tremor," so they can remain steady at all times, Paul Massimiano, M.D., a cardiac surgeon ay Inova Fairfax Hospital in Virginia said. Robotic wrists make it easier for surgeons to manipulate tissue and work from all kinds of angles. "I can reach around and get to places that would be harder to get to otherwise," Massimiano says. Robotic surgical systems can also improve depth perception, giving surgeons three-dimensional vision, compared with the two-dimensional vision they would normally get with endoscopic procedures. And the surgical field can be magnified so that millimeter-sized veins appear as big as pencils. This also means that only a small cut is needed to reach those inconvenient places. Robotics also offers motion scaling, which means that a surgeon's gross hand movements can be reduced to fine movements, allowing for accuracy in tight spaces. For example, with motion scaling, one inch of movement by the surgeon results in a quarter-inch movement by the robotic surgical instruments. The idea of Telesurgery is more possible. The da Vinci and ZEUS make it possible for surgeons to perform robotic surgery across long distances. Surgeons from the European Institute of Technology used ZEUS and high-speed telecommunications to perform the first complete long-distance robotic surgery last year. According to an article in the Sept. 27, 2001, issue of the journal Nature, the surgeons worked from New York to remove the gallbladder of a 68-year-old woman in Strasbourg, France.9

Disadvantages of medical robots

Installing these robots as surgery "helpers" is just way too costly at the moment. This means that almost any kind of surgeries that use such robots will have to be at least a few times the current cost. Surgeons and staff need special trainings to operate the robots 10

team7a:Industrial robots Industrial robots are robots that can be automatically controlled, reprogrammable and multipurpose manipulator programmable machine in three or more axes. Manufacturers introduces robots to their production processes have typically seen a significant transformation in their production and efficiency.11 Most of these industrial robots are in non-humanoid forms.

Industrial robots are mostly made with varying degrees of independency to their programs; Some robots can be programmed just to carry out repetitive actions without variations at a high degree of accuracy. This type of routine program is specified by direction, acceleration, velocity, deceleration and distance of a series of coordinated motions.

Other robots are more flexible as to the orientation of the object on which they are working on. For example, robots like these often have machine visions sub-systems acting as the robots' eyes which are linked to powerful or controllers. Artificial intelligence is also a big part of the complex . Applications

Welding Painting Assembly, pick and place Packaging Palletizing Product inspection, and testing

All the jobs can be done with high endurance, speed and precision. A company that has been actively building robots for industrial purposes is KUKA Company. They provide various industrial robots for different purposes:

Small robots Low payloads Medium payloads Heavy duty Special models

All of the industrial models provide different mechanism suited to their intentions.12 There are a number of large companies that have been conjuring up robots for sale simply due to the robot's endless advantages. More big industries are actually relying more on robots to do high or low ends jobs as such robots can really expand their current production at lower relative cost. One of such companies that actually sell Industrial robots is RobotWorx.13 Most of the Industrial robots on sale are priced from USD 12000- USD 100000. The price depends on the complexity of the task given to the robots. Companies like ABB Group even posted on youtube boasting the advantages of industrial robots. (ABB Robotics - 10 good reasons to invest in robots)14

Industrial Robots manufacturers 15

ABB Adept Technology Asyst Technologies Brooks Automation Cloos GmbH Comau OTC DENSO Robotics Epson Robots FANUC Robotics Fuji Yusoki Robotics HYUNDAI Robotics igm Robotersysteme Intellibot Robotics LLC Intelligent Actuator Intelitek (previously Eshed Robotec)

Janome Kawasaki Heavy Industries KUKA Robotics Mitsubishi Electric MobileRobots Inc Yaskawa-Motoman Nachi Nidec Sankyo Panasonic Reis RobotWorx Stäubli Robotics ST Robotics (bench-top) Toshiba Machine Yamaha Motor Company

team7a:Consumer robots

They are mostly robots with various degree of mechanism from those with simple machines and those that are highly complicated. Their jobs are mostly to entertain and interact with the owners. Most of them are available at affordable costs and most robots enthusiast own one.

Examples

Released in 2004:

The AkaZawa's Desktop Robot is a 23 cm tall, roller skating robot that can be controlled from desktop software or via Bluetooth from a mobile phone.

Released in 2005:

Wow-wee . It combines fluid biomechanical motion with interactive humanoid personality. It is based on the science of applied biomorphic robotics and is simple enough for kids and advanced enough for adults.

Released in 2006:

Wow Wee Robopanda. It is a robo-bear that features many advanced sensors including a head-mounted IR sensor and stereo sound. It reads bedtime stories, interacts with an included robopanda-mini and delivers bear hugs.

Released in 2007:

RoboBuilder's Creator is a DIY robotic kit designed for robot enthusiasts and education. It offers a complete kit of interchangeable modules which come together to form programmable mini robots. You can build any type of robot: spider, vehicles, wheels, androids, snake, duck and many other creatures.

Released in 2008: 16

i-SOBOT - billed as the world's smallest humanoid robot, produced for the general public, this talented little bot has all the flexibility and agility of the more expensive Robo-one robots, at a fraction of the cost. It's only 6.5 inches high!

Spykee - Formely known as the Spyke robot. New robot from French company Meccano and being sold in the USA under the Erector brand. This mobile little robot acts as a mobile VOIP phone and remote spy; controllable from anywhere in the world you have a Skype connection. It is self-recharging and has motion sensors that allow it to guard your home and send you a picture via E-mail whenever it is disturbed.

Some consumers nowadays have even bought companion robots to be their companion. They are the robots in humanoid forms as they are made to look like humans. Some examples of companion robots:

Hitachi has released a new mobile robot called the Emiew(Excellent Mobility and Interactive Existence as Workmate). They claim it is the fastest robot to date. It moves on wheels at 6 Km/hr (3.7 mi/hr) making it about twice as fast as Asimo. It stands 1.3 m tall (51 inches) and weighs 70 Kg (154 lb). It can talk and has a vocabulary of 100 words

Sony has just revealed another walking/dancing called SDR-4X. This android is obviously intended to compete against the HOAP-1. Here is a news article which explains what the new android can do. According to Toshitada Doi, "This robot will cost as much as one car, a luxury car." You can take that to mean it will cost about $40,00017.

Kyosho of Japan is offering a small humanoid called Manoi AT01for 150,000 Yen or about $1300. This humanoid stands 34 cm (13.3 inches) tall and weighs about 1.4 Kg.This robot is sold in kit form with over 200 screws and a 100 page manual. It has 18 or 20 degrees of freedom and is capable of walking and waving its arms.

Useful links

If you want to find out more about the current uses of robots, these links will be of help!

http://www.androidtech.com/html/consumer-robots.php http://www.surgicaltechsuccess.com/surgerynewsrobotforprostate.html http://library.thinkquest.org/C0126120/telesurgery.htm http://www.robotsrule.com/medical/blogger.html http://www.machinebrain.com/General_Robotics/Medical_Robots/ Reference 1 http://www1.pacific.edu/eng/research/cvrg/members/bvotaw/ 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telerobotics 3 http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/robotics/domestic_robots.htm 4 http://www.foster-miller.com/literature/documents/MAARS-Poster.pdf#MAARS_poster 5 http://www.foster-miller.com/lemming.htm 6 http://www.foster-miller.com/literature/documents/EOD_emails_from_Iraq.pdf#EOD_emails_from_Iraq 7 http://library.thinkquest.org/C0126120/telesurgery.htm 8 http://www.machinebrain.com/General_Robotics/Medical_Robots/ 9 http://www.fda.gov/Fdac/features/2002/302_bots.html 10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_surgery 11 http://www.abb.com/product/ap/seitp327/cc4949febe7dcfe9c12573fa0057007a.aspx 12 http://www.kuka.com/en/products/industrial_robots/ 13 http://www.robots.com/robots.php 14 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vfLv42_JcY&eurl=http://www.abb.com/product/ap/seitp327/cc4949febe7dcfe9c12573fa0057007a.aspx 15 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robot 16 http://www.robotadvice.com 17 http://www.androidworld.com/prod02.htm