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Medication and Massage Therapy Part Ii: Common of adverse effects. Optimally timing the Antiflatulent drugs like Mylanta, as well MEDICATION AND MASSAGE medication around the massage session may as fiber laxatives, facilitate the release of THERAPY PART II: be critical, either ensuring that symptoms are gas pockets in the abdominal tract. Gentle managed effectively, or that individuals are abdominal massage can facilitate the process. COMMON GASTROINTESTINAL AND not “masking” pain or discomfort that serves Gentle abdominal massage can also relieve PAIN MEDICATIONS as the body’s feedback or warning mechanism. mild side effects of cramping and diarrhea (4 CE Hours) Tissues that have reduced or altered sensitivity from stimulant and lubricant laxatives. Any can be injured more easily by normal use of significant abdominal pain and distention, Learning objectives ! manual techniques. constipation, or diarrhea should be referred to Name common medications for pain and a physician. inflammation that may require adjusted In many cases, the health and function of the manual techniques and the reasons why. liver and kidneys are critical to maintaining Corticosteroids cause atrophy and weaken ! Name common gastrointestinal conditions therapeutic levels of medication in the blood. If connective tissues, including skin, fascia, in which massage may be contraindicated. normal elimination processes are compromised ligaments, and muscle, joint capsules, bones, ! List symptoms associated with drug by renal or hepatic dysfunction, adverse effects and tendons. When injected into joints for toxicity. such as fever and reddish purple bruises on the arthritis, steroids can induce breakdown ! Explain the functions of acid-peptic drugs. skin are early indications of drug toxicity. At of articular cartilage. Corticosteroids also ! Discuss the role of massage in relieving any indication of drug toxicity related to any impair the body’s ability to repair body drug side effects. drug, massage treatments are contraindicated tissues normally, resulting in longer healing until the client is evaluated by a physician. periods and fragile tissue after any injury. Introduction Corticosteroids also have immunosuppressant Massage may be contraindicated in cases of The following chapter introduces the effects that make an individual more esophagitis, gastroenteritis, and/or hernia. pharmacological basics of drugs associated susceptible to infection, so hand washing In each case, have client consultation and with common gastrointestinal conditions and and being in good health are important to the approval by the doctor before massage. In case the management of pain and inflammation. client’s health and safety. Most drugs are listed by their common of gastritis. It is best to avoid the immediate scientific name and a proprietary (brand) area of the stomach, but massage of the Individuals taking corticosteroids for long name. An asterisk (*) denotes over-the-counter thoracic and lumbar spine may bring relief. periods may notice changes in skin sensitivity formulations, while a capitalized name in Light clockwise effleurage to the abdomen, to and altered reactions to heat and cold. Normal parenthesis usually refers to the proprietary induce relaxation, may be beneficial for cases function and sensitivity of the skin are name of the drug. of gastroenteritis. compromised to the extent that skin rolling, friction, and wringing techniques can result in In cases of heartburn, do not massage the Drug companies give their products bruising and inflammation of the tissues. Any upper abdominal area; instead downward brand names. The U.S. Food and Drug massage strokes that involve placing direct effleurage may soothe the stomach Administration (FDA) approves the generic, pressure or stress on tissue structures will and abdominal muscles and reduce the shortened names by which drugs are usually need to be reviewed. Avoid heavy tapotement, regurgitation of gastric juice. Massage of the known. For example: passive forced stretching, muscle stripping, affected area in individuals with peptic ulcers Brand name: Tylenol. deep kneading, frictions or joint mobilization. is contraindicated, although manipulation of Generic name: Acetaminophen. For tissues affected by topical steroid the reflex areas of the lower spine and stress- Chemical name: N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) applications, exercise caution and modify the reducing massage may be useful. Require acetamide. depth of pressure when working on tissues. a doctor’s consultation and approval before Massage implications related to massage. Colic and constipation in infants 1 gastrointestinal medications and diseases Results from a number of recent studies Also obtain doctor’s approval before beginning Working with individuals taking pain suggest that in infants with colic, massage is any body work for an individual with Crohn’s medication requires extra attention to the beneficial in dispersing gas, easing muscle disease. If approved, relaxing abdominal client’s comfort and positioning. In cases spasms, and returning the digestive system massage may be beneficial. In the case of where symptoms are elements of a systemic to normal. Stimulation may also relieve irritable bowel syndrome, gentle clockwise disorder, a shortened session may be constipation and assist digestion. Extreme massage may relieve some symptoms while appropriate. caution is necessary in performing infant massage of the lumbar, gluteal, and thigh massage. Anyone unfamiliar with handling Dizziness, drowsiness, and postural muscles can help alleviate referred pain. hypotension are common side effects of a baby must receive appropriate instruction many medications that can be heightened Massage does not affect the absorption before massaging. Infants are fragile and by massage. The client should sit up slowly of antacids and anti-ulcer medications, strokes must be very delicate. H2-histamine drugs, or PPIs. Each of and wait a few moments before standing. Common gastrointestinal conditions these, however, and particularly antacid Because so many medications are associated Gastrointestinal medications are used to medications, may cause side effects with side effects including slight dizziness treat a variety of disorders of the esophagus, of constipation (and rarely, diarrhea). or drowsiness, be sure to assist individuals, stomach, and intestines. Disorders of Constipation may be alleviated by working especially the elderly, in sitting up, pausing a the esophagus include esophagitis, an on the abdomen, in a clockwise pattern, moment, and getting off the table. inflammation of the esophagus that may be to help stimulate peristalsis. Any time that accompanied by heartburn. Esophagitis may It is important that you are aware of all constipation is an issue, encourage drinking be caused by infection, trauma, irritation or medications your client is taking, both water to assist intestinal motility. Side from the ingestion of certain foods and/or prescription and over the counter, as multiple effects including diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, acid reflux. medications increase the potential incidence headache, rash, or itching should be referred to a physician. Elite Page 1 Disorders of the stomach and intestines There are three main types of antacid similarly to hormones in that they stimulate include gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the preparations: sodium bicarbonate, calcium target cells into action, but differ from intestines and stomach that may cause nausea, carbonate, and magnesium or aluminum hormones in the fact that they act locally, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Possible causes hydroxide. near where they are produced. of gastroenteritis include a viral or bacterial Sodium bicarbonate reacts quickly with Misoprostal is a prostaglandin analog able infection, allergic response, or exposure to hydrochloric acid, producing carbon dioxide to inhibit acid and protect mucosal areas by irritating particles. and sodium chloride, which may cause stimulating mucus and bicarbonate secretion Peptic ulcers are ulceration of the mucosa gastric distention and belching. When sodium and increasing mucosal blood flow. Sucralfate lining of the stomach and, more commonly, the bicarbonate is taken in high doses or by is a salt that forms a viscous material that binds duodenum affecting about 1/10th of the U.S. individuals with renal dysfunction, there is specifically to ulcers or areas of wear for a population. The cause may be attributed to use a potential for metabolic alkalosis due to period up to 6 hours. It forms a physical barrier of NSAIDS (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory absorption of unreacted alkali. Absorption that prevents additional abrasion of the area as drugs) that include aspirin, ibuprofen, and of sodium chloride may exacerbate fluid well as stimulating mucosal prostaglandin and naproxen, which account for about 20- retention, particularly in patients with bicarbonate secretion. 30 percent of cases, while infection with hypertension, heart failure, and renal Little sucralfate is absorbed by the body, Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) accounts for dysfunction. and so has few side effects. Usage leaves about 70-80 percent of the cases. Calcium carbonate is less soluble and reacts a residue of aluminum salt, causing Acid-peptic diseases include gastroesophageal more slowly with hydrochloric acid than constipation in 2 percent of the population, reflux, peptic ulcer (gastric and duodenal), sodium bicarbonate, with a reaction producing so should not be used for any length of time and stress-related mucosal injury. Ulceration
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