SABS EMC/Coc Product Guideline

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SABS EMC/Coc Product Guideline SABS EMC/CoC Product Guideline Standards and products under scope Marketing, Communications, PR and Events 1 Electrical Components that Emit Noise Electronic equipment which contain the following components have electromagnetic emissions and therefore must receive Conformance Assessment. 1) Electronic Circuit Board – If a product, including the IC (Integrated Circuit), uses DC to control the product, electromagnetic waves are generated. DC products also emit noise, therefore it requires conformance assessment. 2) Motor – A motor that uses an Electrical Motor Coil generates electromagnetic waves while operating. Any kind of motor generates electromagnetic waves. 3) Driver/Rectifier – Simple lighting (Bulb) do not generate electromagnetic waves, however if it uses a driver or a rectifier to operate it, it generates noise, therefore it requires conformance assessment. 4) Commutator Motor – If a product has a Commutator Motor, it generates noise, therefore it requires conformance assessment. 5) Oscillator Clock – If a product has a Oscillator Clock, it generates noise, therefore it requires conformance assessment Electrical Components that Emit Noise Electric Circuit Board Motor LED Driver Commutator Motor Oscillator Clock SANS 222 (CISPR 22) Information Technology Equipment (ITE) Measurement CISPR 22:2008 Method Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement specifies the requirements that apply to the generation of electromagnetic energy in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz from information technology equipment for both class A and class B equipment. Applicable CISPR 22:2008 is available as CISPR 22:2008 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all products changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition. CISPR 22:2008 applies to information technology equipment (ITE). Procedures are given for the measurement of the levels of spurious signals generated by the ITE and limits are specified for the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz for both class A and class B equipment. No measurements need be performed at frequencies where no limits are specified. The intention of this publication is to establish uniform requirements for the radio disturbance level of the equipment contained in the scope, to fix limits of disturbance, to describe methods of measurement and to standardize operating conditions and interpretation of results. This sixth edition of CISPR 22 cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2005, its Amendment 1 (2005) and Amendment 2 (2006). This edition constitutes a minor revision. The contents of the interpretation sheets 1 of October 2009, 2 of April 2010 and 3 of April 2012 have been included in this copy. This standard is applicable to all mains-powered information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment and associated equipment, inclusive of the following: • Equipment designed for use as telecommunication terminal equipment • Equipment designed and intended to be connected directly to, or used as infrastructure equipment in, a cable distribution system Class B: Equipment used in the domestic environment Class A: Equipment used in environments other than domestic SANS 222 (CISPR 22) Information Technology Equipment (ITE) Desktop Computer Laptop All in One PC Plotter Printer Data Display CRT Monitor Automatic Teller Cash Register Laminator Printer Image Scanner Data printer Machine Keyboard Camera AC/DC Adaptor Copying Machine Projector External Drive Electric Paper Mouse Hard Disk Drive CD Rom DVD Rom Duplicator Cutter SANS 222 (CISPR 22) Information Technology Equipment (ITE) USB Data Processor Memory Solid State Drive Barcode Scanner Servers 3D Printer Dot Matrix Magnetic Card Laser Printer Reader Computer Game Players Demagnetizing Equipment Electronic Scale Punch Electric Board Learning Machine Language Studying Machine Image Pen Data Processing Book Binder Equipment Coin Counter Money Counter 3D Vision Glasses Document Destroyer SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus Measurement Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus - Part 1: Method Emission. Applicable CISPR 14-1:2016 specifies the requirements that apply to the emission of radio-frequency disturbances in the frequency products range 9 kHz to 400 GHz from appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus, whether powered by AC or DC (including a battery). Also included in the scope of this standard are separate parts of the above mentioned equipment such as motors and switching devices (e.g. power or protective relays); however, no emission requirements apply to such separate parts, unless otherwise stated in this standard. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2005, Amendment 1:2008 and Amendment 2:2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The contents of the corrigendum of October 2016 have been included in this copy. This standard is applicable to all household electrical appliances and are inclusive of the following: • Equipment which main functions are performed by motors and switching or regulating devices. • Equipment with electrical circuit • Equipment powered by AC/AC SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Motor Compressor Electric iron Air-conditioner Household refrigerators Vacuum cleaner Electric fan Airconditioner Water suction cleaner Food freezers dryer Dehumidifier Electrical Cooking range Electric hob floor cleaner Steam Cleaner washing machine Microwave oven Dispensing Oven Electric installation grill Range hoods Ice Maker Thermostats Machines SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Water Heater Switching devices Instantaneous water heater Water dispenser Electromagnetic cookers Electric beef grill Waffle maker Portable electric grill Electric heater Electric rice cooker Hot plate Iron press Electric toaster Steam iron Roasters Electric drying iron Electric hair iron hair roller Electric Dishwasher Electric dish dryer Warming plate Hair dryer Trouser press Electric flying pan SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Electric liquor cellar Electric hot cupboard Butter maker Slicer Juicer mixer Hood mixer Juicer Electric knife sharpener Mixer Electric knife Mixer Electric meat mince Electric noodle maker Electric can opener Coffee grinder Cream frother Electric meat cutter Electric bone cutter Electric cooker Ice grinder Electric juicer Electric kettle SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Thermoplastic pipe welder Warm Bottle Machine Electric cushion Electric Yogurt machine mattress pad Hot milk machine Warm foot machine Coffee maker Electric Bed Electric clock Electric floor-mat Electric board ice-cream freezer Freezer Heater Thermal storage Sewing machine Electric Pump Electric Pump Electric radiator Electric fan heater room heater for household medicine maker SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Battery Charger Gun-type solder Heating gun Heater for sauna appliance Heater for hatching and breeding animals soldering iron Electric steam sauna appliance Heater fish and plants Engraving machine Fish bowl pump Electric air Bathtub bubble generator Film sealer Electric fish bowl Plastic cutter for fish bowl Whirlpool bathtub Air- cleaning Ventilator Foot bathtub appliance Air blower Electric cooler Paint remover Bidet SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Humidifier Wax melting Food waste Laser radiator machine dispenser Pet bathtub Electric toilet Chocolate melting machine Towel Dry Rack Breast pump milk extractor Potato peeler Skin care Hair Humidifier Nail trimmer appliance Electric shaver Electric hair cutter Shampoo Dispenser Facial sauna Medical inhaler High frequency therapy appliance Supersonic therapy Paraffin bathtub Fruit peeler SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Air-pressure injection grinder Electric chair Electric bed for hair care Electric heating chair Automatic self- Electric boiler clean toilet Electric Blanket Liquid maker Electric clock Electric fountain Film strip Projector Slide Projector Oxygen and ion generator Insect Eradicator Film Projector Coin exchange Dust collector Nap cutter OHP Luggage container Bill exchanger SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Motor-operated roll screen Heater to prevent Water purifier Fruit cleaner Ultrasonic Fumigating insect killer freezing of the water pipe washing device single phase motor 3 phase induction Shoots and bean Driving simulator motor Electric air-curtain Fan coil unit sprouts grower Laser shooter Ion water generator Electric door-lock Electric plane Electric lawn mower Electric vibrator SANS 214-1 (CISPR 14-1 : 2016) Electric grinder Electric sander Electric nail gun Electric round- Polisher shaped saw Electric chain saw Electric toothbrush Oral cleaner Electric reciprocating saw Electric hammer Other Power tools Electric taper including trimmer Electric steel scissors Electric drill SANS 213 (CISPR 13) (*2) Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment, terrestrial and/or satellite Measurement Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and Method methods of measurement CISPR 13:2009+A1:2015 specifies the requirements that apply to the generation of electromagnetic energy in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz from sound and television receivers for the reception of broadcast and similar transmissions and from associated equipment. Applicable CISPR 13:2009 applies to the generation of electromagnetic energy from sound and television receivers
Recommended publications
  • Instyler Curling Iron Complaints
    Instyler Curling Iron Complaints Edited Mitch escalade isochronally, he suberises his fraterniser very gymnastically. Darian bowdlerizes his shellback varying severely, but gentlemanlike Levon never lessens so anon. Uncleaned Jesus still bodies: bottomed and freezing Yanaton havens quite aft but interposing her transition subliminally. Reach the instyler complaints are no content supplied solely for what do with an nyc antiques warehouse. How do to make miracle hair wavy with an InStyler? Nume Lustrum 5-in-1 Curling Wand Review Pros & Cons. But yes have noticed some complaints about chi's flat irons but as its. Now jump all that accept said exactly if water use another brush according to the manufactures directions it should work were fine. Find all customer reviews and review ratings for MIRACOMB Hair Curler. Reviewers write but most about Instyler Rotating Iron construction give it 1 The price level consider this. Remington Pro 1 Multi-Styler with Twist & Curl Technology. The negative ion technology allows for maximum frizz control and gives a natural vocabulary to study hair. Curls came out glue and lasted all day. Top 10 hair dry hair dryer ideas and anniversary free shipping. Very less weight look beautiful. Herstyler Black Ceramic Superstyler Flat belt Review The negative ions from the. You are agreeing to curl sets out the instyler complaints, three flat irons will have ordered the number. The Perfecter took challenge of both perform these problems. Company as full of instyler is great option. What can Natural Hair? ItsBadFakeTan Cakey Face Holmes Part Page 2 Guru. Instyler Curling Iron Complaints Saved by Nancy Jones Living TvOne Direction ImagesStyles PHarry StylesFashion NetworkLook ThinnerElements Of.
    [Show full text]
  • An in Vitro Evaluation of Electric Toothbrushes
    Preventive Dentistry An in vitro evaluation of electric toothbrushes B. S. Khambay*/A. D. Walmsley^* Fotir cotnmercially avaiiable electric toothbrushes (Sonieare, Braun Electric Toothbrush, Interplak, and Blend-a-Dent) »ere assessed both for their operating characteristics and their ability to retnove a 'food debris " medium. The Sonieare and Blend-a-Dent have a lateral vibrator)' action, while the Interplak and Braun produce a rotary movement of the brush head. The vibratory action of the Sonieare was susceptible to loading. All devices produced both stable-pulsating cavitation and acoustic tnicrostreaming that was demonstrated in vitro using a suspension of particles in water Their effectiveness in removing a food debris medium was assessed with and without water Three of the brushes (Sonieare, Braun, and Blend-a- Dent) were simitar in their abllit}- to remove the placjue, and all were superior to the Interplak: its streaming forces removed no food debris. The results indicated that the Blend-a-Dent was the most effective brush design in vitro, although the differences between Blend-a-Dent and Sonieare were not statistically significant. (Quintessence Int 1995:26:841-848.) Introduction The early designs of electric toothbrushes generated a transverse {side-to-side) movement, and this motion Electric toothbrushes have become established as an is stih prominent in those presently avaiiable. Other effective alternative to manual methods of tooth- variations include rotation of small individual tufts and brushing. The mode of action of these brushes is a rotary longitudinal movement of the brush head. designed to simulate manual methods and as such is Reports on the effectiveness of a toothbrush with a attractive to the population as an easy and simple rotational movement suggest that it may be superior in method of brushing teeth.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Sonic and Mechanical Toothbrushes on Subgingival Microbial Flora: a Comparative in Vivo Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of 8 Subjects
    Isa ni Research Effect of sonic and mechanical toothbrushes on subgingival microbial flora: A comparative in vivo scanning electron microscopy study of 8 subjects Karen B, Williams, MS, RDHVCharles M, Cobb, DDS, PhDVHeidi J. Taylor, MS, Alan R. Brown, DDSVKimberly Krust Bray, MS, Objedives; The purpose of this initial study was to evaluafe fhe effects of bcfii a sonic and a mechanical focfhbrush versus fhe effects of no freatment on depth of subgingival penetrafion of epifhelial and footh- assooiafed bacferia. Method and materials: Eight adult subjects exhibiting advanced chronic pericdontitis with at leasf 3 single-rocfed feeth thaf were in separate sextanfs wiffi facial pockefs a 4 mm and s 8 mm and fhaf required exfraction consfituted the expérimentai sample. Teeth were either subjected to 15 sec- onds of brushing wifh a mechanical toothbrush or a sonic tocfhbrush or leff untreated. The tesf toofh and fhe associafed soft fissue wall of the periodonfai pocket were removed as a single unit. Samples were processed and coded for blind examinafion by scanning elecfron microsoopy. Distribufionai and morpho- logic characferisfics of dominanf bacteria wifh specific emphasis on spirochetes were evaluafed for boffi epithelial- and foofh-associafed plaque. Results: No differences were found in morphotypes or disfribu- fional and aggregafional characteristics of epifhelial-associafed microbes in the f- to 3-mm subgingival zone befween fhe mechanical and sonic tocf h bru s h-freated groups and the control group. Both toothbrush groups featured disrupfion of microbes fhat extended up to 1 mm subgingivally. Roof surfaces on the sonic-treated samples appeared plaque-free at low magnificafion; however, af 4,70Dx, afhin layer of mixed morphofypes and intact spirochefes was found supragingivally and slighfly subgingivally.
    [Show full text]
  • Powered Toothbrushes: a Review of Clinical Trials
    J Clin Periodontol 1999; 26: 407–420 Copyright C Munksgaard 1999 Printed in Denmark . All rights reserved ISSN 0303-6979 Review article P. A. Heasman and G. I. McCracken Powered toothbrushes: a review The Dental School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW UK of clinical trials Heasman PA, McCraken GI: Powered toothbrushes: a review of clinical trials. J Clin Periodontol 1999; 26: 407–420. C Munksgaard, 1999. Abstract. There is now a vast range of powered toothbrushes (PTBs) available on the market and the efficacy of each product is usually determined in one, or a series of controlled clinical trials. This article reviews briefly the design of PTBs, some of the proposed indications for their use, and the principal observations from published studies of these products. The important issues regarding the regulation and design of trials involving PTBs are discussed and some recommendations are Key words: powered; electric toothbrushes; clinical trial design proposed with a view to developing a more structured approach to testing these products. Accepted for publication 21 September 1998 As an introduction to a review of the than those of conventional, manual O an audible clicking mechanism to problems and results of studies on man- brushes. The bundles of bristles are ar- warn the brusher when a pre-set ual and powered toothbrushes, Ash ranged either in rows (as for a conven- brushing force has been reached; (1964) wrote ‘‘Although power tooth- tional toothbrush) or in a circular pat- O timers. brushes are not particularly recent in tern mounted in a round head. Bristles Movement of the brushheads is pow- origin, advanced designs, intensive pro- are also arranged as more compact, ered from simple battery units, mag- motion and widespread use of many single tufts which facilitate interproxi- netostrictive devices or piezo-electric types and manufacture have stimulated mal cleaning and brushing in less ac- elements which are mounted in the considerable interest and research into cessible areas of the mouth.
    [Show full text]
  • Suggested and Prohibited Dormitory Items to Assist Students Planning to Reside in Campus Dormitories, We Have Prepared the Follo
    Suggested and Prohibited Dormitory Items To assist students planning to reside in campus dormitories, we have prepared the following list to guide you on the items that are appropriate to bring, and those items not permitted. Questions should be directed to the Office of Residential Life at 727/562- 7886 or [email protected] What to Bring This “What to Bring” section provides an overview of items that typically are used in a dormitory setting. All items on this list must, where appropriate, be Underwriters Laboratory (UL) rated. This is not an all-inclusive list, and the College of Law reserves the right to update or amend the list as needed. If you are unsure about an item, please contact the Office of Residential Life. General Items Alarm clock / electric (consider battery back-up power) Broom/small vacuum cleaner / Swiffer® Wet Jet (Note: cleaning supply closet is provided for your use) CDs/DVDs/videotapes Can opener (hand crank) Comforter/duvet/bedspread/blanket Pillows and pillow cases Sheets full or twin (Note: Some students request to bring their own bed; advance arrangements must be approved by Office of Residential Life) Flashlight General cleaning supplies (Note: some provided in cleaning supply closet) Lamp/desk lamp (non-halogen bulbs only) Storage crates/boxes/air-tight food storage containers Extension cords for extra plugs (must have integrated circuit breaker) Bicycle/bicycle lock /basketball, tennis racquet Plastic dishware Electric blanket (automatic shut-off required) Personal Care and Hygiene Items Basic First-Aid
    [Show full text]
  • Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Toothbrush Utilizing RF Energy for Teeth Shade Whitening and the Reduction of Teeth Stains
    Research Article Adv Dent & Oral Health Volume 12 Issue 3- March 2020 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Home Skinovations LTD DOI: 10.19080/ADOH.2020.12.555831 Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Toothbrush Utilizing RF Energy for Teeth Shade Whitening and the Reduction of Teeth Stains Kimberly R Milleman1, Tori L Grahovac1, Abigale L Yoder1, Liora Levi2* and Jeffery L Milleman1 1Clinical Investigator, Salus Research, 1220-4, Medical Park Drive, Fort Wayne, USA ¹Director, Salus Research, 1220-4, Medical Park Drive, Fort Wayne, USA ¹Clinical Investigator, Salus Research, 1220-4, Medical Park Drive, Fort Wayne, USA 1Clinical Coordinator, Salus Research, 1220-4, Medical Park Drive, Fort Wayne, USA Submission: February 19, 2020; Published: March 02, 2020 *Corresponding author: Liora Levi, Director of Clinical Affairs, Home Skinovations LTD, Tavor Building, Shaar Yokneam, Israel Abstracts Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a novel RF-utilizing toothbrush on teeth stains and shade as compared to a control standard ADA-approved powered toothbrush. Methods: This was a single-blind double arm prospective study, including 4 clinical visits that were conducted every two weeks. Subjects were randomized to one of two study groups, receiving either the ToothWave™ or control toothbrush, and performed twice daily brushing during a test period of 6 weeks. Teeth stains and shade were assessed using the Lobene stain index and Vita Bleached guide 3D Master, at baseline and after 4 and 6 weeks of brushing. Results were compared within each group and between the groups; delta values (reduction from baseline) were also compared between the groups. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Mann Whitney non-parametric model.
    [Show full text]
  • M Bolt Beranek and Newmaninc
    i i IM Bolt Beranek and NewmanInc. _ : " M M_ ._.,,;, Report No. 3791 r.,_ctb_o i InterimReport ._ _ __ _jq.} r! -i/J i_ IdentificationandClassificationof _ II Noise.ProducingHouseholdConsumerProducts it l | , ii :2 ( | _/larch1978 ',!{ I11 rI_' | Preparedfor: I: Environmental Protection Agency ! ! 2 t , ,.. ,+ m ReportNo.3791 ;_ interimReport -i1 _5 '_ i, 5; NOISE-PRDDUCIHOUSEHOLDNG CONSUMERPRODUCTS '_ 3,1 _' _ m March1978 | i ; t :_ Submittedto: EnvironmentalProtectionAgency CrystalMallBuilding,Ro.2 i.;.:_ F'! 1921JeffersonDavisHighway Arlington,VA 20460 Attention=Mr.TedRicci !i WJ Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. :' _ TABLEOF CONTENTS T,;_ page _ i. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ........................... 1 ,_ I.i Range of Products ................................ 2 • 1.2 Scope of Study ................................... 5 :_: 1.3 Method of Approach ................................ 6 !iilI• _ 1.4 Organization of Report ........................... 6 i_: 2. •PRELIMINARY IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION ......... 8 i:_!W 3. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ' 17 _i 4. CLASSIFICATION ........................................ 125 !_im 4.1 Criteria ......................................... 125 i_i 4.2 Household Appliances ............................. 132 _ 4.3 Power Shop Tools ................................. 136 _ _ 4.4 Outdoor Power Equipment ..................... ..... 139 REFERENCES ................................................ 142 APPENDIX A: NOISE DATA ON CONSUMER PRODUCTS .............. A.I _ _ APPENDIX B: ATTENUATION FROM ONE ROOM TO ANOTHER WITHIN A !._ DWELLING ..................................... B-I I I i ±i i, Bolt Beranekand Ne_nan Inc. l 1. INTRODUCTIONAND BACKGROUND Of the thousands of products that are used in and about the home, many generate noise which affects people to varying degrees. Some, like power saws, food waste disposers, and lawn mowers, !. _ii_ generate noise levels that are obviously of concern to a large •. number of users and bystanders.
    [Show full text]
  • Nano-Silver Products Inventory
    Petition Appendix A: Nano-Silver Products Inventory Compiled by Center for Food Safety Country of PRODUCT TYPE OF PRODUCT COMPANY WEBSITE Marketing Claim Origin http://www.sourcenaturals.com/products/GP1 Wellness Colloidal Silver™ is produced using a unique electrical process Wellness Colloidal Silver™ Nasal 490 which creates homogeneity, minute particle size, and stability of the Spray Personal Care Source Naturals USA silver particles. http://ciko8.en.ec21.com/Vegetable_Fruits_Cle Removing pesticide residues completely from the fruit and vegetables. aner--1059718_1059768.html Powered by four electric oscillators. Nano-silver/Ozone-Extermination Germs. Washing and sterilizing dishes. No more bacteria such as colon bacillus, salmonella and O-157. Defrosting frozen meat or fish in 5 Vegetable & Fruits Cleaner Cooking 3EVER Co. Ltd Korea minutes. http://www.e- NINK®-Ag series, conductive silver ink series of ABC NANOTECH, are djtrade.com/co/abcnano/GC01567926/CA0156 devised for convenient use of piezoelectricinkjet printing on the various 8109/NINK_Ag_(Silver_Conductive_Ink substrates. NINK®-Ag series aremade up of surface modified nano-silver which is developedby a unique technology of ABC NANOTECH. Fine-pitch conductive lines can be demonstrated on the various plates, such as olycarbonate, polyester, polyimide, and ceramics, by using NINK®-Ag series. Nano-sized silver particles can be sintered at lower temperatures, around 150°C, than microsized silver particles can. NINK®-Ag series are applied to conductive line formation in the shorter process than existing conductive line formation methods." .html) NINK®-Ag Silver Conductive Ink Computer Hardware ABC NanoTech Co, Ltd. Korea http://www.evelinecharles.com/product_detail Nano Silver Cleanser is not a soap, it's a revolution.
    [Show full text]
  • Measurement of Hair Iron Concentration As a Marker of Body Iron Content
    BIOMEDICAL REPORTS 3: 383-387, 2015 Measurement of hair iron concentration as a marker of body iron content CEM SAHIN1, CIGDEM PALA2, LEYLAGUL KAYNAR2, YASEMIN ALTUNER TORUN3, AYSUN CETIN4, FATIH KURNAZ2, SERDAR SIVGIN2 and FATIH SERDAR SAHIN5 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sitki Kocman University, Orhaniye, Muğla 48000; 2Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri 38039; 3Department of Pediatric Hematology, Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Kayseri 38010; 4Department of Biochemistry; 5Graduate School of Health Sciences Stem Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri 38039, Turkey Received October 12, 2014; Accepted November 10, 2014 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.419 Abstract. The aim of the present study was to define the Introduction possible association between blood parameters and hair iron concentration in patient groups showing a difference in body Iron, which is one of the most important essential elements for iron content. The study population comprised subjects with the human organism, has a role as a co-factor in several vital iron deficiency anaemia and transfusion‑related anaemia with metabolic reactions. Iron deficiency is the most commonly different body iron contents and a healthy control group. All observed metabolic dysfunction, as iron is not only associated the cases included in the study were examined with respect to with haemoglobin and myoglobin functions, but simultane- hair iron concentration, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity ously acts in various stages correlated with protection and (TIBC), transferrin saturation and erythrocyte markers in the obtaining energy (1). total blood count with ferritin values. Differences in hair iron As well as iron deficiency, excessive iron in the body is concentration were evaluated between the groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Bathroom Tip Sheet.Pdf
    tip sheet 148 advanced parkinson’s Bathroom Bathing, toileting, personal hygiene and grooming are basic activities of daily living that advancing Parkinson’s makes more challenging. The following tips will help make these activities easier. Using the Toilet » Bladder changes in Parkinson’s may create the need to use the toilet more frequently, so create a regular toileting schedule to help decrease accidents during the day. » Limit fluid intake during the evening hours if the person with Parkinson’s has difficulty getting up at night. (It is still important to have adequate fluid intake during the day to prevent dehydration and manage constipation.) » Use a stool softener such as Miralax (recommended by the American Academy of Neurology for treating constipation in PD) to help produce more regular bowel movements. Avoid bulk fiber laxatives, as these require significant fluid consumption to work properly. » Install an elevated toilet or place an elevated seat on the existing toilet to make getting on and off the toilet easier. Some elevated seats have sturdy arm rests attached, or a grab bar can be installed on the wall next to the toilet. This can be helpful to hold onto before pivoting to sit down, or to hold when standing up during the process of hygiene/wiping and clothing adjustment. » Make sure your loved one gets close enough to the toilet seat with body properly aligned before attempting to sit down. Marking the floor with colored tape may help to signal proper foot placement during the transfer. » Have moist, flushable hygiene wipes available in addition to toilet paper to achieve proper cleaning after toileting.
    [Show full text]
  • JPL Receiver Onboard Weather Satellite
    I n s i d e April 7, 2006 Volume 36 Number 7 News Briefs . 2 CloudSat Launch Nears . 3 Special Events Calendar . 2 Passings, Letters . 4 Lew Allen Awards . 2 Classifieds. 4 Jet Propulsion Laborator y generation space instrument designed by JPL, called the BlackJack JPL space receiver, has been proven on missions including the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP), the Argentine Satelite de Alicaciones Cientificas-C (SAC-C) and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment receiver (GRACE). This has led to the development of the Integrated GPS Occul- tation Receiver (IGOR) for COSMIC by industrial partner Broad Reach onboard Engineering. “Based on early analysis of CHAMP and SAC-C data and simulation weather studies,” noted Dr. George Hajj of JPL’s Orbiter and Radiometric Systems Group, “we expect COSMIC to have a significant impact on weather satellite analyses and forecasts.” He cited improved 24- to 96-hour forecasts, typhoon forecasts and cyclone prediction. “It is expected that the COSMIC data will become one of the main Launch due April 14 data streams for weather centers worldwide,” Hajj said. “It is a big accomplishment.” A globe-spanning constellation of six satellites JPL will be a processing center for COSMIC data. Hajj’s group will By Mark Whalen expected to improve weather forecasts, monitor climate change and provide preprocessing and data calibration. enhance space weather research is scheduled for an April 14 launch “The self-calibrating property of GPS occultations makes these mea- from Vandenberg Air Force Base. JPL designed the mission’s primary surements particularly attractive to establish a stable, long-term record instrument, a science Global Positioning System (GPS) space receiver, for climate monitoring,” Hajj added.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Powered and Manual Toothbrushes for Plaque Removal by 4- to 5-Year-Old Children Joseph Silverman, DMD, MBA R
    Scientific Article Comparison of Powered and Manual Toothbrushes for Plaque Removal by 4- to 5-year-old Children Joseph Silverman, DMD, MBA R. Glenn Rosivack, DMD, MS Pamela B. Matheson, MA, PhD Milton I. Houpt, DDS, PhD Dr. Silverman is a former postdoctoral student, Dr. Rosivack is clinical professor, and Dr. Houpt is professor and chair, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dr. Matheson is associate dean for Planning and Assessment, New Jersey Dental School, Newark, NJ. Correspond with Dr. Silverman at [email protected] Abstract Purpose: This study compared the small head Oralgiene 60 Second Time Machine pow- ered toothbrush, used for 60 seconds, with the Braun Oral-B Mickey Mouse powered toothbrush and a manual toothbrush (Oral-B Rugrats 20), each used for 2 minutes, for efficacy in plaque removal and reduction of gingival inflammation in young children. Methods: Fifty-eight children, ages 4 to 5 years old, were randomly assigned to one of the 3 toothbrush groups. At visit 1, plaque and gingival indices were recorded for all subjects. Then, the children did not brush for 24 hours. At visit 2, 24 hours later, plaque indices were recorded, the children brushed with their assigned toothbrush, and plaque indices were recorded again. Six weeks later, plaque and gingival indices were recorded again. The data was analyzed to detect plaque reduction after a one-time use (visit 2, prebrushing and postbrushing) as well as plaque and gingival inflammation reduction after 6 weeks of use. Results: The Oralgiene toothbrush removed significantly more plaque during the one- time trial and reduced significantly more gingival inflammation during the 6-week trial.
    [Show full text]