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Excursie Wenen 20180507-20180511 EXCURSIE WENEN 20180507-20180511 INHOUD 4 KAARTPROGRAM 6 WEENSEWONINGBOUW I 11 WEENSEWONINGBOUW II 37 PASMETRO 38 OVERALARCHITECTUUR 46 METRO 48 SARGFABRIK ‘BE NOT AFRAID OF BEING CALLED UN-FASHIONABLE‘ 66 SERGISONBATES ADOLF LOOS 68 WIENERWERKBUNDSIEDLUNG 79 FLEDERHAUS 80 KOMTVOORDEBAKKER 82 ALTERLAA 2 3 KAARTPROGRAM 10 9 8 9 8 4 5 DESIGN LIVING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY TRANSPORTATION BUSINESS ENERGY SLIDESHOWS " # (/DESIGN/) (/LIVING/) (/SCIENCE/) (/TECHNOLOGY/) (/TRANSPORTATION/) (/BUSINESS/) (/ENERGY/) (/SLIDESHOWS/) (/) ADVERTISEMENT Zoekt u een Betaalbare traplift van alle merken, zowel 5 WEENSEWONINGBOUWtraplift? I nieuw als gebruikt. (/lawn- Design (/design/) / Green Architecture (/green-architecture/) garden/8-natural-homemade- insecticides-save-your-garden- How does Vienna build such terrific without-killing-earth.html) housing? Lloyd Alter (/author/lloyd-alter/) ! lloydalter (https://twitter.com/lloydalter) Nu 5 jaar garantie en 100 (/author/lloyd-alter/) August 8, 2017 dagen op proef. (mailto:?subject=How does Vienna build such terrific housing? - Treehugger&body=How does Vienna build such terrific () () () housing? %0D%0A%0D%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.treehugger.com%2Fgreen-architecture%2Fhow-does-vienna-build- most popular right now such-terrific-housing.html) 1 How to avoid getting sick from E. coli (/health/how-avoid- e-coli.html) (/health/how-avoid-e- coli.html) 2 Koop nu de QuickDrive. (/green- food/so-what-does-white-castles- plant-based-impossible-slider- what's hot on facebook taste.html) 3 things that brought this woman back from Alzheimer’s (/health/3-things-brought- (/health/3- woman-back-alzheimers.html) things-brought- woman-back- alzheimers.html) 3 They've12 companion been doing this a long time/ Lloyd Alter/CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en) plants to grow (/lawn- alongside your It alltomatoes starts o! with national policy. "Vienna’s a!ordable housing is largely funded by federal taxes. Vienna Keurig tells people to (/lawn- recycle their coffee uses these taxes to subsidize a!ordable housing construction, rehabilitations, and preservation.” But unlike garden/12-companion-plants- garden/12- pods; city says don't (/corporate- grow-alongside-your- muchcompanion- of North America, it mixes market housing with subsidized housing in the same building. It has also tomatoes.html) plants-grow- responsibility/keurig- (/corporate- beenalongside- doing this for decades, so everyone is pretty much used to it. tells-people-recycle- responsibility/keurig- your- their-coffee-pods- tells-people-recycle- tomatoes.html) city-says-dont.html) their-coffee-pods-city- When a site comes up for a new project, they have competitions among groups to pick the best project. says-dont.html) © Mike Eliason/ that doesn't look like social housing! 4 The 1948 Dover How to keep Sun HouseTeams used compete to develop and receive subsidies for individual projects, and are judged by ants out of your phase change (/green- house naturally Seattle architect Mike Eliason describes what he learned about their housing policies. materialsa diverse to store panel on the economics of the project, the architecture, ecology of the building, (/green- heat home/how- (/green-architecture/1948- After a trip to Vienna for a Passivhaus conference I wrote about the remarkable housing there, and how much architecture/1948-and the social mix. The city has e!ectively leveraged its purse to push the price of home/how-keep-ants-out-your- keep-ants-out- dover-sun-house-used- dover-sun-house- house-naturally.html) phase-change-materials- your-house- of it is actually social housing owned by the city. (https://www.treehugger.com/green-architecture/ben- used-phase-construction down, making developers compete on the merits and economics. naturally.html) store-heat.html) change-materials- carson-would-not-approve-viennas-social-housing-its-too-nice.html) Seattle architect Mike Eliason was store-heat.html) Praying mantises at the same conference. He puts what he learned about Vienna and Austrian housing policies together in two released for pest control are hunting (http://cityobservatory.org/housing-policy-lessons-from-vienna-part-i/) articles hummingbirds (http://cityobservatory.org/housing-policy-lessons-from-vienna-part-ii/) in City Observatory and what he (/animals/praying- mantises-released- (/animals/praying- thinks it can teach us in North America. pest-control-are- mantises-released-pest- hunting- control-are-hunting- 6 7 hummingbirds.html) hummingbirds.html) (https://www.treehugger.com/slideshows? campaign=rail/) Seestadt Aspern/ Lloyd Alter/CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en) Courtyard in Seestadt Aspern/ Lloyd Alter/CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en) Koop nu de QuickDrive. But the key di!erence is zoning. Where I live in Toronto, there are hundreds of tall residential towers packed Vienna seems to build consistently mid-rise, about 8 storeys, which I have noted is a function of their together on what was formerly industrial land, far away from the single family residential areas where the building codes; that’s how high a fire truck’s ladder can reach and pick people o! balconies. The buildings NIMBYs live. (Read about density creep! (https://www.treehugger.com/urban-design/density-creeps-are- are full of courtyards with gardens and play areas, but achieves pretty high densities. Mike notes that coming-city-near-you.html)) Mike describes a similar situation in Seattle. Not in Vienna: “though they are dense, they provide amenities unheard of in Seattle – especially for non-luxury housing.” The form of tenure is di!erent, which gives some security to occupants: The amount of land zoned exclusively for single family houses in Vienna is zero. Just 9% of the dwelling units in Vienna are single family homes. In Seattle, 44% of dwelling units For one, housing contracts in Austria are primarily indefinite, versus one-year contracts. are single family homes and almost 75% of non-industrial parcels are reserved for this This reduces the stress of constantly having to find new housing or accept rent increases. least dense, least sustainable form of housing. We’re constantly digging out of a hole, and As an added security, because Vienna’s social housing is intended to result in until we start thinking more holistically and at a drastically larger scale, we’ll never get economically diverse communities, there is only a limit upon starting tenancy, and out. increased wages do not result in households being pushed into market rate rentals. Additionally, depending on the type of unit, some can be passed on to family members. This ensures that there are no neighborhoods that are overwhelmingly wealthy or poor, but rather a diverse mix. 8 9 WEENSEWONINGBOUW II WOLFGANG FÖRSTER 80 YEARS OF SOCIAL HOUSING IN VIENNA INTRODUCTION “Vienna is different”. For years this has been the logo of the city of Vienna. It seems that for no other part of the administration this is so correct as for Vienna housing. Vienna’s social housing originated from an internationally acknowledged reform programme in the 1920s and has been developing for eighty years. 60 % of all Vienna households live in subsidised apartments, including 220,000 in council housing. Today nearly 1,7 million inhabitants live in Vienna. Therefore, continuities and changes in the history of Vienna social housing have to be Courtyard in Seestadt Aspern/ Lloyd Alter/CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en) investigated: starting with the housing situation in the capital of the Habsburg Empire which offered to most of its residents incomprehensible poverty rather than glory and fortune; via Mike thinks that Vienna is an ideal model for Seattle; it really is for just about any successful city in North the revolutionary self-help movement of the ‘Vienna settlers’ after the collapse of the America. monarchy, their demand for a self-determined life and housing in democratic communities. But our zoning, our lack of vision and leadership, our lack of comprehensive planning, Following this movement ‘Red Vienna’ emerged as the world’s first metropolis governed by our lack of innovation, and most importantly, our lack of funding make such a model Social Democrats which built ten thousands of Gemeindewohnungen (council houses) for the weakest strata of the population in spite of very severe economic conditions, and thereby di"cult to obtain. Vienna is doing almost everything right. Perhaps it is time for Seattle developed radically new urban qualities. to, as well. After break during fascism and war Vienna proceeded with public housing. The general We can only wish. Read it all: understanding that housing should not be fully left to the free market has formed the basis for Housing policy lessons from Vienna: Part I (http://cityobservatory.org/housing-policy-lessons-from- reconstruction, new housing, industrialised housing production, and last not least ‘soft’, i.e. vienna-part-i/) residents-oriented urban renewal. For this purpose the municipality has established legal, Housing Policy Lessons from Vienna, Part II (http://cityobservatory.org/housing-policy-lessons-from- financial and administrative instruments; important conditions, concerning for example vienna-part-ii/) infrastructure, are defined and financed by the municipality in advance, and a similar approach is taken concerning the architecture. Housing is always seen in connection to city Austria (/tag/austria/) Housing Industry (/tag/housing-industry/) passive house (/tag/passive-house/) Seattle (/tag/seattle/) planning. related content on treehugger.com At the same time residential housing must further be developed. Globalisation and new media influence the society and bring up new challenges. With experimental Themensiedlungen (theme-oriented settlements) the city tries to set incentives: ecological 1 10 11 housing estates, traffic free housing estates, gender mainstreaming in planning, new forms of increased at any time. One-month contracts were common for workers’ households making a living and working, and integrative projects. Many of these experiments are later transferred large part of the population nomads.
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