Biomes Review 1

Name ______KEY ______Date ______Period ______

Unit 3: Biomes and Ecosystems Review

1. Fill in the table below with the correct type of symbiotic relationship: Type of Symbiosis Description Commensalism One organism benefits, but the other is neither helped nor harmed Parasitism One organism benefits and the other is harmed in some way Mutualism Relationship in which both organisms benefit Predation One organism consumes the other organism 2. Due to poor vision, the snapping shrimp follows a goby fish to avoid predators. The snapping shrimp repays the goby fish by digging a hole that each organism shares. What type of relationship is illustrated? a. Mutualism c. Predation b. Commensalism d. Parasitism 3. What is the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem?  Decomposers break down dead organisms to replenish the nutrients for the ecosystem. 4. How much energy from the 2nd trophic level is available in the 3rd trophic level? How does this affect the size of populations at higher trophic levels?  Only 10 % of the energy in the 2nd trophic level is available in the 3rd. As you move up trophic levels, population size decreases. 5. Match the following types of organisms to the correct dietary habit: B i. Producer a. Carnivore

A ii. Secondary Consumer b. Autotroph

C iii. Primary Consumer c. Herbivore

6. What is the diagram to the right? How can you tell which organism consumes which?  The diagram to the right is a food web. Arrows point to the consumers. 7. According to the diagram, what level consumer is the Emporer Penguin? Explain how you knew.  The emporer penguin is a secondary consumer because it eats the quid, which eats the krill (producer). Biomes Review 2

8. List the biomes in descending order of: a. Yearly precipitation.  Tropical rainforest, temperate rainforest, tropical dry forest, temperate deciduous forest, taiga, savanna, temperate grasslands, chaparral, tundra, desert. b. Average yearly temperature.  Desert (most), tropical rainforest, tropical dry forest, chaparral, savanna, temperate deciduous forest, temperate rainforest, temperate grasslands, taiga, tundra. 9. Identify the biome described by the statements below: a. Very little if any melting of frost layers in summer months. Tundra

b. High temperatures and high, seasonal rainfall. Tropical Dry Forest

c. Cold biome with large, coniferous trees. Taiga

d. Warm biome of mostly tall grasses and little trees. Savanna

e. Our biome. Temperate Deciduous Forest

f. Moderate temperature with high rainfall. Temperate Rainforest

g. Mediterranean climate with frequent summer wildfires. Chaparral

h. Wettest biome. Tropical Rainforest

i. Driest biome. Desert

j. Moderate temperatures with few trees, but many burrowing animals. Temperate Grasslands 10. Which biome would be found in: a. Seattle, WA Temperate Rainforest

b. Central Africa Savanna

c. Siberia Tundra

d. Allendale, NJ Temperate Deciduous Forest

e. Toronto, Canada Taiga

f. Kansas City, MO Temperate Grasslands Biomes Review 3

11. How have plants in the tropical rainforest adapted to the nutrient-poor soil?  Plants in the tropical rainforest often grow across other plants rather than in soil to counter the nutrient-poor soil. 12. Which two abiotic factors are primarily used to classify biomes?  Biomes are classified by temperature and precipitation. 13. Use an example to describe how plants and animals have adapted to conditions in a biome.  Ex: In the tropical rainforest, lower plants have developed long, flat leaves to absorb more of the scarce sunlight available. 14. Use the climatograms to identify the biomes below as temperate grasslands, temperate deciduous forest, tundra, or tropical rainforest.

Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

Tundra Temperate Grassland Biomes Review 4

15. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

 Primary succession occurs in areas where there are no remains of life, including soil. Secondary succession occurs in ecosystems that are heavily damaged, but retain at least soil from before the event.

16. What type of ecological succession is likely to occur after: a. Fire burns all of the plants? Secondary Succession

b. A lava flow wipes out an ecosystem? Primary Succession

17. Match the following statements to the correct nutrient: B i. Does not cycle through the atmosphere. a. Nitrogen

C ii. Is most influenced by human activity. b. Phosphorus

A iii. Must be processed by bacteria before organisms can use. c. Carbon