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Sulabh International Museum of Toilets, New Delhi

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Sulabh International Museum of Toilets, New Delhi 300 96SU library 709068980 70 35 896 S? A view of Sulabh International Museum of Toilets, New Delhi SULABH INTERNATIONAL MUSEUM OF TOILETS Britons in ancient time created fantasies in stoneware toilets and bath. A MODEL 0 Sulabh International Museum of Toilets New Delhi Ever wondered what a museum dedicated entirely to the history of toilets would be like? If that peculiar question ever crossed your mind-seek professional help! But if you really want to know, you can visit Sulabh in India. Or, you can save yourself the aeroplane fare and ask. Director- General Billy Cobbett. BILLY COBBETT Director-General, Housing, South Africa L,/8RARY|RC Published in a South African Magazine, ïfA THE HAGUE INTERNOS, in February, 1995 '0669 80 •;• 399 64 B or Co ¿it ¡4-31/ Sulabh International Museum of Toilets 1:1 < ' ,'MmlMlLtUi, , , , , . , , . </> . , WCs with dolphin, lion and floral designs on display. useums as repositories for the points of time. He contacted more than 100 preservation and exhibition of the Embassies and High Commissions of different M objects of historical, scientific and countries based in New Delhi. He wrote letters cultural interest are found all over the world. to each of them with a request to furnish But rare are the museums that display the information on the subject and also to provide evolution of toilets and their various details/photographs of various toilet designs designs. used in their respective countries. More than 60 Embassies and High Commissions Until recently there was one small museum of responded to Dr. Pathak's request and sent toilets in Austria. Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak, the valuable information. Some of the important Founder of Sulabh International Social Service letters have found place in this booklet. Sulabh Organisation, a pioneering non-profit voluntary got some encouraging letters from various organisation (NGO) in the field of sanitation countries including the USA, and the UK. in India, envisioned the need for the setting The Austrian Embassy in New Delhi played up a museum of toilets in the sprawling an extremely significant role in helping campus of his central office at Mahavir Dr. Pathak to materialise his intention. The Enclave, Palam Dabri Road in New Delhi, embassy sent him some valuable information. India. The idea engaged his mind for long, Several other embassies also sent pictures eventually leading him to make hectic world- and some of them supplied the relevant wide search for minutest details of the literature. evolution of toilets, as also of various toilet designs used in different countries at different Sulabh International is grateful to all those [f .<• In Middle Ages, people used to throw excreta from their houses on the roads below who helped it in the collection the materials Phillippe Falisse, Belgium; Mr. Yin Yinoo, for display at the Museum. In particular the Burma; Mr. Octavio Rainho Neves, Brazil; Mr. support provided by Dr. Fritz Uschka, Austria, Barbra Victor, Canada; Mr. Ruben D. Parra, Sphinx, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Ifo, Columbia; Mr. Victor R. Pena, Cuba; Mr. Adolf Sanitar Ontaria. Sulabli is also indebted to Kapic, Chech and Slovak Republic; Mr. B'Jorn the following for encouragment and the Kalmar Hansen, Denmark; Embassy of the necessary support: Mr. Mohammed El People's Republic of Ethiopia; Dr. Regis Manhawi, Egypt; Mr. Daniel E. Amigo, Ballestracci, France; Mr. Laura Kakko, Finland; Argentina; Mr. David W. Evans, Australia; Mr. Dr. Werner Hilgers, Germany; Mr. K.A. Tabi, Suder T. Vachani, Benin; Mr. S. Peltrov, Ghana; Dr. Hans G. Wieck, Germany; Mr. G. Bulgaria; Mr. Lhundoo Dorji, Bhutan; Mr. Avgoustis Greece; Mr. Elemer Rudan, Hungary; Mr. Ravi Chatwal, Iceland; Mr. Gîusto the museum. Sciarabba, Italy; Mr. D am ion Boyle, Ireland; Mr. Maruli Tua Sagola, Indonesia; Mr. Mah'd The Museum was inaugurated on March 19, A. Kaba Jordan and Mr. K.N. Vitisia; Kenya, J 994 by Mrs. Maneka Gandhi, former Minister of Mr. M.M.Lai, Luxembourg; Mr. Chanpheng Environment, Government of India. Thousands Siha Phom, Laos; Mr. S. Rajendran, Malaysia; of important persons have so far visited the Mr. Luis Enrique Franco, Mexico; Mr. J.W. museum and eveiy day a large number of visitors de Waal, The Netherlands; Mr. Chakra P. come to see it (photos on page 12 onwards). Bastóla, Nepal; Mr. K.S. Bhalla, Naura; Mr. These include parliamentarians, political leaders, Rhys Greensill, New Zealand; Mr. J.A. Dada, bureaucrats, academics, social workers, judges Nigeria; Mr. Aslaug Marie Haga, Norway; Mr. and the advocates of the Supreme Court, Luis A. Ponce, Panama; Mr. Rolando B. Herico, teachers, students and the family members of Phillipines; Mr. Zamir Akram, Pakistan; Prof. scavengers (India's sanitarian workers). The M.K. Byrski, Poland; Italy; Mr. R.P. Samuel, museum, everybody remarks, is the first of its Sweden; Mr. M. Zaarour, Syria; and Mr. J.T. kind in the world. A small museum exists in Albinana, Spain. Austria. Many of them hope that it has the prospects of becoming an institution of Dr. Pathak himself searched vigorously for international standing. literature and photographs of historical significance. In each of his visits to several OBJECTIVES countries around the globe, he made it a point The Museum has been established with the to collect information bit by bit from anyone following objectives:- and any institution that had in its possession (i) to educate students about the the material Dr. Pathak was looking forward historical trends in the development to obtain for this purpose. This intense search of toilets; resulted in the accumulation of a significant (ii) to provide information to reservoir of information on the subject. All Ihis researchers about the design, information, (books, pamphlets, photographs) materials,, and technologies adopted has now been imaginatively arranged and in the past and those in use in the displayed in the Sulabh International contemporary world; Museum of Toilets. It took Dr. Pathak over (iii) to help policy makers to understand three years to fulfil his ambition to establish the efforts made by predecessors in this field throughout the world; (iv) to help the manufacturers of toilet equipment and accessories in improving their products by functioning as a technology storehouse; and (v) to help sanitation experts learn from the past and solve problems in the sanitation sector. THE MUSEUM The Museum has a rare collection of facts, pictures and objects detailing the historic evolution of toilets from 2,500 BC to dale. It gives a chronology of developments relating to technology, toilet related social customs, toilet etiquettes, the sanitary conditions and legislative efforts of the times. It has an Mrs. Mancka Gandhi, former Union Minister of extensive display of privies, chamber pots, India, inaugurating the Sulabh International Museum of Toilets toilet furniture, bidets and water closets in use Auto Control Publk- Toilet - Paris from 1145 AD to the modem times. It also has a rare collection of beautiful poems, some of which have been included in this booklet. The pictures displayed at the Museum makes one aware of how the world looked like when societies did not have the benefit of water closets (W.C.) and the change that had been brought by its invention. Ornately carved and painted urinals and commodes attract attention and are a source of amusement to many. The pictures of medieval commodes immediately are noteworthy. The picture of medieval mobile commodes in the shape of a treasure chest, whcih the English used while camping out for a hunt, is fascinating. The Museum also displays how the Roman empire used to have toilet pots made of gold and silver. The Museums has a rare record of the flush pot devised in 1596 by Sir John Harrington, a courtier in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The Museum displays sewerage system of the Early decorated stoneware bath - Britain Mohenjo-Daro and Harappan civilisation and maintains a detailed record of how modern toilet pans have emerged over a period of time. Ahmedabad in Ijothar, in India, the Museum documents travel all over Europe where most The Museum offers a minefield of interesting of the early technological developments in the anecdotes associated with the development of evolution of toilets took place. The national toilets. Tracing the history of toilets from Indus flags of different countries from where the Valley Civilisation, where a highly developed pictures of toilets have been collected are also drainage system existed, 62 kms from displayed. Toilet model of the period - 1905 The Museum receives a stream of visitors from India and abroad. Most of them have found the project inspiring and unique. Dr. Pathak is busy collecting more information from all over the countries. He desires to develop the Museum of an international «fe. standards. HISTORICAL EVOLUTION 'Hiere is a story that the Indian Emperor Akbar the Great asked his "nine gems" (chosen courtiers) as to what was the happiest moment in one's life. Different courtiers answered differently; some said it was good food, merry- making, women etc. But Birbal said that the morning bowel movement was the happiest thing to happen in one's life. The Emperor became angry and threatened to punish Birbal for showing disrespect to the court. Birbal, clever as he was, asked for time lo prove the point. One day, Birbal arranged a huge sumptuous party on ferries floating on the river. The ferry Chamber pots for ladies; period 1794- party had everything - good food, dance and 1800 AD music. As the dawn neared, the Emperor asked Birbal to take the boat ashore so that King Louis the XII, actually had a commode he could ease himself. But Birbal said that under his throne, which prompted his court when everything was available on the boat, jester to remark that he found it a bit strange what was the necessity for his Highness to go that while the king preferred to eat in privacy, to the shore? The Emperor got Birbal's point he chose to ease himself in public.
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