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Genuine Leather Uppers, Genuine '9 V, -10-10 Leather Soles, World's Best GOODYEAR WELT construction. Solid Rubber Heel. Full - 12 " 13 10-10'A-1 1 heel counters. Steel shank in the arch, five eyelet Oxfords with heavy •Add $1 P?< pair for wide duty braided laces! YOU KNOW the U.S. would never trifle with less than "the Best!" let us serve with the deluxe Navy Last shoes Support Now you Full unadvertised except by reputation, and you'll cash in on the best there Stance Solid is at the best price in town. Order Now - No Risk - MONEY BACK TRIAL. plentY of HURRY, CIVILIAN PRODUCTION LIMITED! for your BUT the Genuine FINE IMPORTED Fine Imported 95 U.S. NAVY LAST U.S. BOOTS Navy I Last I I TZ7~ I HOW WHAT WHAT 32_H I 2 fOr HABAND COMPANY STYLE MANY? SIZE? WIDTH? ^^^^M* 265 North 9th Street $65 00 OXFORDS Paterson. N.J. 07530 U.S. Navy Last Yes! Send me pairs BOOT 95 9 still available at the of Navy Last Boots/Shoes Black ^ per pair Only 32 for plus $2.40 amazing low price of Also Available: 27 toward postage and handling. Original U.S. Navy Last Be Ready, Friend, to be Delighted! OR CHARGE IT: Visa MC Acct. # OXFORD Haband Company is one of America's very largest shoe retailers Black 95 selling hundreds of thousands of pairs of shoes direct to men in Only 27 every city and town in America by U.S. Mail. Send in your check Exp. and we will be delighted to introduce ourselves to you with (•Guarantee . I understand that if upon receipt I do not choose to the most outstanding shoe value in your life! wear the Boots/Shoes. I may return them within 30 days for a Read our Guarantee and send today! full refund of every penny I paid you. 7A1-44L-44T Duke Habernickel, HABAND President Street Apt. # 265 N. 9th St. Paterson, N.J. 07530 City/State -Zip. THE AMERICAN LEGION The Magazine for a Strong America

Vol. 119, No. 2 August 1985

A R T I C L

FIRST STRIKE! 12 Could this be the USSR's masterplan? By Dr. Robert Jastrow

STAR WARS DEFENSE: FACT OR SCIENCE FICTION? 15

potential is unclear; the is definite. The ofS.D.I, need \

THE OTHER ARMS RACE 16 Nuclear proliferation spawns worldwide peril. By William H. Hudnut III

THE BIG "E" 18 A gallant ship's crew answers the call to war. By Richard F. Newcomb

GREAT AMERICAN BEACHES 20 Join the throng and escape to summer's playgrounds. By Gary Turbak

THE GOLDEN YEARS ARE GETTING BETTER 22

Here's why Americans are living longer, healthier lives. By John Hanly Adams

50 YEARS OF SOCIAL SECURITY 24 This 'contract between generations' remains unbroken.

THE VETERANS' ADVOCATE ON CAPITOL HILL 36 Commander Bacon gets Washington's attention.

VETERANS DESERVE GOOD JOBS 38 Job service offices help veterans find work. By Donald E. Shasteen

PRESERVING THE BREATH OF LIFE 62 Research seeks relieffor emphysema victims. By Edward Edelson

DEPARTMEN T 5 BIG ISSUES 11 Should the United States Withdraw from the United Nations?

PERSPECTIVE 26

Exposing the Big Lie ofMoral Equivalence. By John K. Andrews Jr.

LETTERS 2 LEGION NEWS 38 VETERANS ALERT 44

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 7 VETERANS ADVISER 39 ORBEN'S WORLD 55

DATELINE WASHINGTON 9 LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION 40 PARTING SHOTS 64

VETERANS UPDATE 35 POST OF THE MONTH 42

THE COVER A 1952 nuclear explosion in Nevada. Photri photo

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.5 million members. These military-service veterans, work- ing through 16,000 community-level Posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service, and the wholesome development of our nation's youth. national agricultural policy — a policy Farm Policy Mess conceded by its authors as one of A Melting Pot? Any program in agriculture for 1985 encouraging overproduction, price- Once in a while Congress drafts a must assure our American people that depressing manipulations, etc. — now bill to curb illegal immigration, but it we are preserving the true farm fam- expressing concern over the outcome always falls by the wayside. This ily operation. Too many corporations, of that policy. These people knowingly country is no longer the proverbial investing individuals, or developers sought to divert discretionary spend- "melting pot" of old. Most of the im- have used the government ing from food to the industrial and migrants now want to keep their lan- programs to pay for land investments. service sectors. They did so by sys- guage, customs and dress, but they Tax laws have been used to hide in- tematically encouraging over- have no qualms about our monetary come by the building and land depre- production, largely through Extension system. They refuse to give up their ciation tax incentive, created to assist teachings. They succeeded in driving old ways for a life that many of us business and industry. the cost of food down from 25 percent gave up our lives to preserve. We must have a farm program of family income in 1950 to less than 14 George Hayward which allows an orderly production of percent today, to the point where E. Providence, R.I. food and fiber; and we must be allowed farmers can no longer borrow to make to compete on a free and open foreign up the difference. This has been done market, even to the extent of using a to please the urban voters. Hail the Hero subsidy to match foreign competition. Now the game is over and the farm- "Hail the Hero" (June) by Joseph C. We must make every effort to deny ers who listened to USDA/Extension Keeley said what I have been saying land investors the benefits of a true rhetoric are the casualties. Farm "aid" for several years, only he said it a lot farm program. I believe America will has never been farm aid, but rather better. I see nothing heroic about a support a farm program generous consumer aid, through farmers who ball player who is paid $500,000 or enough to preserve our family farms were too trusting to reject the more for hitting a home run or pushing and land. This, I believe, should be the scheme. It would be appropriate if over a winning touchdown. When the goal of our President and Congress. those in government who hatched and term is used so loosely, I think it Eugene Skaar executed such a disastrous cheap-food cheapens it. I saw several infantrymen Cottage Grove, Wis. policy could be held to account for during World War II who I thought their deeds. deserved the appellation far more, yet It does very little for my confidence Martin S. Harris Jr. no one ever heard of them. in government to read the authors of Vergennes, Vt. As for our rock stars and movie stars being labeled heroes: That is so silly, it's ridiculous. The draft dodgers Shall We HeedAn Ancient Plea? and the people who boosted the com- munists during the Vietnam War are We live in a vio- him amuses you with the name of peace even worse. However, many are lent world, devoid while he carries on the operations of war, idolized. Jane Fonda has received of easy choices. what is left but to defend yourselves? every honor Hollywood could bestow Often we yearn for "You may profess to be at peace, if you since her trip to North Vietnam, and the tranquility of like, as he does . . . But if any man sup- still see simpler ages past as poses this to be a peace which will enable people line up to her movies. we hear each day of your enemy to master all else and attack All of this is a sad commentary on despicable acts of you last, he is a madman, or he talks of a our nation's sense of values. terrorism, wars and peace observed toward him by you, not David Kitchen threats of war, and toward you by him. That is what Philip Poplar Bluff, Mo. the sincere plead- purchases by all his expenditures — the ings of those who beg for moderation and privilege of assailing you without being This was one of the best articles I've restraint lest our nation, by its own ac- assailed in turn. read in a long time. I, too, have been tions, plunge the world into global "If we really wait until he is at war chagrined to see "hero" used for sports holocaust. with us, we are the simplest of mortals, figures, politicians, movie stars and Yet our dilemma is not new; it is as old for he would not declare war even though as mankind itself. If we search the an- his armies were attacking us. Neverthe- media personalities. I agree with Mr. cient writings of civilizations long past, less, whoever moves or advises a meas- Keeley that "today, more than ever, we will find that the choices we face ure of defense is in danger of being ac- we need genuine heroes — to give us today are not much different from those cused of starting a war. an ideal toward which to strive." faced centuries before. Consider, for "Nevertheless, I say move instantly to Stanley J. Bozich example, the following excerpt from an defend yourselves. I say you will be wise; Frankenmuth, Mich. impassioned speech delivered by De- delay it and you may wish in vain to do so mosthenes to his fellow Athenians some hereafter." Korea produced one of our all-time 2,400 years ago, as Philip of Macedonia There is a lesson contained therein that great heroes. While the 24th Infantry growled outside the gates of Athens. is timeless, and the United States would Division was engaged with the "Athenians, is it in our power to delib- do well to heed it, especially as we now Chinese communists, a platoon leader erate on war or peace? If another, having debate the efficacy of building a "Star Stanley had the 12 men arms in hand and a large force around Wars" defense. The Editors named Adams left in his platoon fix bayonets and

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Coots Salutes The Defenders Of Freedom.

then he led them in a charge against 150 of the enemy. He and his men routed them. Adams was given credit for personally killing 50— mostly with his bayonet and gun butt. Eight of Adams' men were killed and Adams and many of the others were badly wounded. For his "genuine heroism." Adams was awarded the Medal of Honor. The real "Blood and Guts" of our armed forces and the real "heroes" of our nation are represented by combat troops like Stanley Adams and his men. Paul A. Fraser The people who never take America for granted are those who've Bend, Ore. defended it. That's why Coors salutes those who would pay any price to protect liberty. We show our absolute support for all the services in a number of Pentagon Waste ways. Coors employees are never financially penalized for fulfilling any military obligation. Coors grants leaves of absence to any employee who A. Ernest Fitzgerald's compelling enlists or is called into active service. tale of the waste in defense contract- Coors is.one of the most supportive firms in our industry of military ing (May) is the latest of this coura- men and women. In fact, nearly one-third of our employees are veterans. geous whistle-blower's reports on this Coors respects and admires what you've done, and we salute you for all problem. Joseph H. Sherick's argu- the sacrifices you've made for your country. In recognition of those ment that DoD is a "competent, capa- sacrifices, Coors has commissioned veteran artist George— Skypeck to paint ble and frugal steward" of our tax a series of six scenes from American Military History "Coors Salutes Those Who Remember America'.' dollars (May) would be laughable, Subjects include World War II, World War II Pacific, Korean were it not such a serious distortion. Conflict, Vietnam War, Armed Forces Expeditionary Service, Reserve continue to read stories Whether we and National Guard. about this appalling condition will prove who is correct about this issue — Fitzgerald or Sherick. To order your series of six full color 27" x 20" posters, enclose a check or money order for $13.95 to: Arrowhead Promotions, RO. Box 2095, Grand Rapids, Minnesota, 55745. Posters Patrick Groff not available individually. San Diego, Calif. PLEASE INCLUDE: YOUR What will it take to stop Americans NAME from robbing and cheating fellow ADDRESS Americans? Why is our government CITY STATE ZI P. expected to police this? Large defense corporations cause the greatest losses. Why not make their executive officers responsible? A chairman of the board or a company president put in jail for © 1985 Adolph Coors Company, Golden, Colorado 80401 • Brewer of Fine Quality Beers Since 1873 such an offense would eliminate the problem in a hurry! Dan Oredson Denver, Colo. Taps Is Tops Pitch in for Americanism "The Story Behind Taps" (May) was most interesting and well done by andprotectyour loved ones. William L. Noyer; however, he missed one bit of research. The words to this beautiful music were well displayed The Only Official American above the art, the but words' origin Legion Life Insurance Plan was omitted. To me, the words seem as beautiful as the story. I would ap- it possible! preciate an additional story about the makes origin of the words. See pages 52, 53 and 54 for details. Reed L. Madsen Richfield, Utah

AUGUST 1985 .

We feature THE AMERICAN GM cars like this Olds Cutlass Ciera LEGION MAGAZINE

Editorial Offices

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The American Legion Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; James V. Kissner, Vice Chairman, Palatine, IL; James R. Kelley, National Com- mander's Representative, Wayne, PA; Nor- Getting about man Biebel, Belleville. IL; Adolph F. Bremer, Winona, MN; Victor Broom, Fulton, MS; Scientific Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; Hal G. Hor- on a Fortress 3-wheeler ton, Topeka, KS; Frank J. Holcshuh, Youngstown, OH; Russell H. Laird, Des is a whole new fun way of life . . Moines, IA; Nathaniel J. McKee, Princeton, NJ; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; J. H. Morris, The Fortress Scientific Model 2000 FS 3-wheeler will Baton Rouge, LA; Wayne J. Painter, Mil- take you anywhere — around the house, to visit waukee, Wl; Bruce E. Penny, Seattle, WA; Dr. friends, to the shopping mall. Reliable, affordable and James t). Shafer, E. Stroudsburg, PA; George Sinopoli. Fresno, L. safe transportation on all types of terrain, including G. CA; Ralph Smith, Bartlesville, OK; Dewey C. Spencer, Mabel- grass, sand and poorly-paved areas. Travels easily up vale, AR; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; inclines. Single hand controls speed, steering and George J. Zanos Sr., Wellsburg, WV; Margaret braking. The 2000 FS operates on batteries which allow M. Matone, Consultant, Trenton, NJ; Casimir you to travel up to 20 miles before repowering from F. Sojka, Consultant, New Rochelle, NY. any wall outlet. Easily transported, the 2000 FS disassembles in minutes for storage in your car trunk.

Medicare and Private Insurance Copyright 1985 by The American Legion Reimbursement Available Price: annual subscription, $12.00; single copy, $1.50 To subscribe, send $12.00 ($18.00 in foreign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

Change of Address: Notify your local Post Adjutant and The American Legion's Circula- CALL TOLL-FREE tion Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Attach old address label, provide old 1-800-331-1750 and new addresses and current membership ask for operator #700 card number. Allow 8 weeks for change of address to take effect. *Home Demonstrations Arranged

please write to: I would like to learn more about the Fortress Scientific To request microfilm copies, Model 2000 FS Three Wheeler. University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann FORTRESS Arbor, Ml 48106 SCIENTIFIC NAME: ADDRESS: A NORTHERN FORTRESS COMPANY Member Audit Bureau of Circulations 137 Bridgeton Avenue CITY: STATE: ZIP Bridgeton, NJ. 08302 1037-C TELEPHONE: THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . .

TheVietnam War Bayonets Of Honor

'

' * * " ll""u "— J ' ' " """" ' A———— ^ - Announcing the world's first limited edition Bayonets. Plated with 24-karat gold and made to full G.I. specifications using original wartime tooling.

Ill

"Our destinies are sometimesfocused • 24-karat gold is thickly plated on the crossguard, two releases, butt, two grip screws and two grip nuts — after on the sharp point ofa bayonet" they are polished to a mirror finish. President John F. Kennedy • After the craftsman carefully files, fits and peens together the 16 components that make up this bayonet, he inspects it in all particulars and tests it -for fit on the M16. Then lost no major battle, though they fought in a the individual limited edition serial number is engraved They land, against ruthless, often unseen strange a on the blade reverse. enemy in America's longest war. • Finally, the numbered Certificate of Authenticity is in this, year of the close of Now, the 10th anniversary the matched with the bayonet, ready to deliver to you. Vietnam War, The American Historical Foundation is proud to help draw national attention to these unheralded Amer- Limited Edition Of 2500 icans and provide a truly individual memorial to them, Although more than 2,500,000 Americans served in Viet- blade reverse. When you place your reservation, you will through the world's first limited edition Bayonets, "The nam, only 2500 of each Vietnam War Bayonet of Honor also be made a Member of The American Historical Vietnam War Bayonets of Honor." will ever be made, to further assure each Bayonet of Honor Foundation, joining men such as yourself in 29 countries A special Vietnam War Bayonet of Honor has been rarity, respect and value as a collectible. Serial No. 1 of around the world who share an interest in — and who created to honor each of the four service branches — the each Bayonet will be presented to the Vietnam Veterans helped make — America's great military history. You will Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force. The first Bayo- Memorial Fund for the recognition they have given to all also receive special information concerning the care and net in the series — now available — honors the U.S. Army. Vietnam veterans. collecting of military arms and advance notice of all Whether or not you or a member of your family served Contributions will also be made by the Foundation to Foundation military projects. in Vietnam, each of these specially made bayonets will Vietnam veterans organizations, to help them perpetuate give you a renewed sense of pride in the Americans who the memory of those who served and to help establish a RESERVATION answered the call to duty. Vietnam War Exhibit in The American Historical Founda- Satisfaction Guaranteed or Return in 30 Days for Full Refund A Bayonet Cannot Be Ignored tion Museum. To: The American Historical Foundation 1142 West Grace Street, Dept. A66 The ba onet is the symbol of combat — willingness First Option, Without Obligation y the Richmond, Virginia 23220 to close with the enemy and fight eyeball to eyeball. It is As an added advantage, you will be guaranteed the Telephone: (804) 353-1812 representative of the courage of the individual trooper opportunity, without obligation, to reserve subsequent 24-hour toll free reservations: (800) 368-8080 who fought the many small actions that characterized the Bayonets of in this series the serial Honor with same Yes, I wish to reserve each of the following limited edition warfare in Southeast Asia. number — so you can systematically acquire a complete Vietnam War Bayonets of Honor with 24-karat gold plating. For this tribute we selected the identical bayonet issued matched set. These tributes — one to the Marine Corps, No shipping charges. Satisfaction guaranteed. to combat troops for use on the M16 Rifle. one to the Air Force and one to the Navy — can be reserved _ Entire Series _ Army _ . Navy Each is first and foremost a combat-worthy Bayonet, by you, one bayonet at a time, in the months ahead. Each .Marine Corps_ .Air Force made of the identical original materials to full G.I. specifi- will have different blade etchings and grip medallions cations. With a total of 16 parts, including two working bearing the symbol of the service branch. Please also send the velvet display case, at $24 each, for spring loaded releases, each Bayonet is tested to fit the M16. You may also reserve the optional display case, which each Bayonet reserved. re-issue Each Bayonet for this Collection is made in the is covered and lined with velvet, with actual ribbon from My deposit (or credit card authorization) of $39 is en- U.S.A. by the Imperial Knife Company using the same the Vietnam Service Medal mounted across the inner lid. closed. Please charge or invoice the balance due original tooling that they used during the Vietnam War. It is fitted with two closure clasps to store and display per Bayonet . . However, that's where all similarity ends. . your bayonet. The cases are color coordinated for each in two equal monthly payments. • The 6Y»" blade is heat treated, high carbon steel, pol- service branch. in full. ished to a mirror finish and deeply etched add with a My payment in full is enclosed ($189 per Bayonet; display How lb Reserve: Satisfaction Guaranteed. tribute inscription and a jungle scene designed by Viet- case, add $24).

nam combat veteran B. J. Weber. The blade is hard flash You may easily place your reservation with a small chromed to assure lasting beauty and gold-gilt and black deposit, and credit cards are accepted. You may call toll Name enamel infilled for contrast. free (800-368-8080), use the reservation on this page or Address • The grips are specially made of highly polished black personally visit. Satisfaction is guaranteed, or return with- phenolic, checkered to the authentic G.I. pattern and in- in 30 days for a full refund. There are no shipping charges.

set with a full color cloisonne medallion of the service For an additional $15 we will personalize your bayonet For Visa, MasterCard or American Express, please send account branch insignia. by engraving your name, rank and serial number on the number, expiration date and signature. Virginia residents add tax. I Due to the soaringcost of GENUINE MOW 88 LEATHER, we cannot hold this qmi y l^T I price much longer. Order now! Am

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'We Can Stand Tall and Proud in Our Accomplishment

HIS is my last magazine mes- veteran's greatest advocate, the most sage as your National Com- prominent proponent and supporter of mander and my thoughts span veterans rights and benefits. a number of areas. Space is not Our programs span all areas of need available to list all of them, but within America and are particularly I do wish to enumerate some oriented to the veteran community. of the most notable ones. A sterling example of this dedication First, my sincere thanks and appreci- to veterans recently has come in the ation to all of you for making this a most form of the first report ofThe American successful year for America, America's Legion—Columbia University Study of veterans and The American Legion. Vietnam Era Veterans (See page 39). Foremost, you can all take pride in the Drs. Jeanne and Steven Stellman, the significant increase achieved in mem- project directors, released this initial bership. We, the 1984-1985 team, have information only a few weeks ago. reversed the downward trend of recent The preliminary information looks years and can stand tall and proud in very promising. The first report our accomplishment—the largest single examines socio-economic consequences increase in membership since 1946. And of service in combat and non-combat we have just scratched the surface. areas during the Vietnam era. The dif- Next year can and should be even bet- ferences for certain age groups are ter, but we must start early and keep startling. Nat'l. Cdr. Clarence M. Bacon our shoulders to the wheel. There abso- Reports in other areas will be forth- lutely is no substitute for "hard work" • National security and foreign rela- coming during the next year. They will and "personal contact". tions — peace through preparedness. address Post-Traumatic Stress Disor- Second, my travels this year have That is keeping America's defense post- der, possible effects of the herbicide taken me to the four corners of the ure sufficiently strong and ready to Agent Orange, family and reproductive world—the Far East, Central America deter any aggressor. health of the study group, and attitudes three times, Europe, all eight regional NOTE: National security of the United and perceptions of the Veterans Admin- leadership conferences, the Lincoln and States is the number one priority ofThe istration medical care system. Eisenhower pilgrimages and to virtu- American Legion; veterans benefits and This is an exciting moment. With the ally every one of our 58 American programs rank second only to national timely release of this information, one Legion Departments. At each location security; more positive step by The American and on each visit I have sought and re- • Children and Youth—get involved Legion on behalf of this nation's veteran ceived the advice and counsel of "grass- in community projects. Help build, grow, population will have been met. The fol- roots" Legionnaires—the backbone of support and increase the well being and lowing months will be ones in which The our great organization. And I am potential, both educational and physi- American Legion once again will be pleased to report that all aspects of The cal, of America's youth; and acknowledged as the leader in unearth- American Legion are healthy, en- • Americanism—remember and ob- ing the true cost of war to America and thusiastic and growing. Our programs serve patriotic holidays and incidents her veterans. are unequaled. We are the largest and such as World War I, World War II, We have made great strides in address- best volunteer organization in America. Korea, Vietnam, Veterans Day, Memo- ing specific needs of various veteran Our membership consists entirely of rial Day, Armed Forces Day and Flag populations, including the aging veter- "wartime" veterans. While our pro- Day. Be especially thankful to those an and the needs of women veterans. I grams are many and varied, they can who have sacrificed fortunes and life to am grateful that, during my year as your be classified within our four major mis- keep America and other nations free national commander, I have had the sion responsibilities: and prosperous. opportunity to initiate the release • Veterans affairs and rehabilita- From its founding, The American of these findings and usher in another tion—service to the veteran and care Legion, the largest wartime veterans phase of American Legion service to all of the veteran's spouse and children; organization in America, has been the generations of America's veterans.

AUGUST 1985 7 Specially Selected for Readers of American Legion YourFavorite Albums! Here are some of the greatest recordings of all time. These truly marvelous collections

rekindle, as only music can, the special memories that everyone treasures. If you missed your chance to order these Limited Edition collections on TV and in magazines, we urge you not to miss out on this one more time offer! Buy any three ... get 1 FREE!

SPIKE JONES "The Wacky World Of Spike Jones." MITCH MILLER "His New Sing-Along Album."

, All o) Spike Jones' famous performers are here including: Tha Barefooted From his golden days on TV, here is Mitch And The Gang singing 33 all-time MITCH MILLER'S Pennsylvanians, Dr. Horatio W. Birdbath, Doodles Weaver, The Saliva Sisters, favorites. StNG ALONG TREASURY Wakakians and more All selections are the original recordings. WHEN YOU WORE A TUUP • I'M FOREVER BLOWING BUBBLES • FOR ME AND MY • : The Wacky A GAL SHINE ON HARVEST MOON • MEET ME IN ST. LOUIS • BILL BAILEY, WON'T YOU PLEASE | true collector's item. COME HOME • SWEET ADELINE • LET ME CALL YOU SWEETHEART • CAROLINA IN THE • • I COCKTAILS FOR TWO • LAURA GLOW WORM • CHLOE • HOLIDAY FOR STRINGS MORNING • WHEN IRISH EYES ARE SMILING • MY WILD IRISH ROSE • IN THE EVENING BY • HAWAIIAN WAR CHANT • LIEBESTRAUM • LOVE IN BLOOM • MY OLD FLAME • DANCE THE MOONLIGHT • POLLY WOLLY DOODLE • WAIT FOR THE WAGON • THE OLD GREY MARE > OF THE HOURS • SHEIK OF ARABY • YES, WE HAVE NO BANANAS • I DREAM OF • DON'T SIT UNDER THE APPLE TREE • LITTLE ANNIE ROONEY • HELLO! MY BABY • BROWNIE WITH THE LIGHT BLUE JEANS • YOU ALWAYS HURT THE ONE YOU LOVE • MOONLIGHT BAY • THERE'S YES! YES! IN YOUR EYES • SINGIN' IN THE RAIN • ALL I DO IS DER FUEHRER'S FACE • WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE • NONE BUT THE LONELY HEART • DREAM OF YOU • TOOT, TOOT TOOSIE GOODBYE • WHILE STROLLING THROUGH THE PARK THE MAN ON THE FLYING TRAPEZE. ONE DAY • IDA SWEET AS APPLE CIDER • A BICYCLE BUILT FOR TWO • PUT ON YOUR OLD GREY BONNETT • I'M JUST WILD ABOUT HARRY • WHEN YOU WERE SWEET SIXTEEN • HOWARD KEEL "Star of TV's Dallas!" SILVER THREADS AMONG THE GOLD • THE WHIFFENPOOF SONG (BAA! BAA! BAA!) • PEG 0' MY HEART « PEGGY O'NEIL. Hear his great voice sing every single classic hit with love-for yesterday, today and tomorrow. Listen with someone you love! THE INK SPOTS "Their Fantastic New Collection!" SEND IN THE CLOWNS • MEMORY • THE GIRL THAT I MARRY • OL MAN RIVER • MAKE • BELIEVE • IF • THIS IS ALL I ASK • WHY DO I LOVE YOU • ROSEMARIE • SO IN LOVE There's never been a collection like it. All the ORIGINAL recordings! 18 fan- • • THEY SAY IT'S WONDERFUL MY DEFENSES ARE DOWN BLESS YOUR BEAUTIFUL tastic hits in all! It is truly a collection that will live forever.

• I • I • SAID • HIDE YESTERDAY, WHEN WAS YOUNG AND LOVE YOU SO WHAT SO • • • • • IF I DIDN'T CARE MAYBE WE THREE I'LL GET BY • DO I WORRY? ALWAYS STREET ALWAYS ON MY MIND • I'VE NEVER BEEN TO ME • BORN AGAIN • SOFTLY AS I LEAVE OF DREAMS • A GHOST OF A CHANCE • MY PRAYER • IT'S A SIN TO TELL A LIE • THE YOU. GYPSY • I'LL NEVER SMILE AGAIN • WHEN THE SWALLOWS COME BACK TO CAPISTRANO

• YOU WERE ONLY FOOLING • DON'T GET AROUND MUCH ANYMORE • I DON'T WANT TO • « LES PAUL & MARY FORD "Solid Gold!" SET THE WORLD ON FIRE I COVER THE WATERFRONT TO EACH HIS OWN. All their fabulous solid gold hits are here in one fantastic double-length collection' Their magic sound is a part of America's music that you will treasure again and GUY & RALNA "Most-Loved Songs of Faith" again! A stirring collection of 18 great sacred songs by the TV stars of the fabulous

l TENNESSEE WALTZ • VAYA CON DIOS • WHISPERING • THE WORLD IS WAITING FOR THE Lawrence Welk Musical Family. SUNRISE • TIGER • JUST CHANCE • HOW HIGH THE • BABY'S RAG ONE MORE MOON MY GIVE ME THAT OLD TIME RELIGION • IN THE SWEET BYE AND BYE • THE OLD RUGGED • I'M SITTING ON TOP OF THE WORLD • BYE BYE • I M CONFESSIN COMING HOME BLUES CROSS • SOFTLY AND TENDERLY • IT IS NO SECRET • HE TOUCHED ME • ROBE OF • BIRD HILL • • • I'M MOCKIN' MEET MR. CALLAGHAN JAZZ ME BLUES FOREVER BLOW- CALVARY • PEACE IN THE VALLEY • JACOB'S LADDER • HOW GREAT THOU ART • THIS LIT- ING • IN THE SUMMERTIME • I CAN'T GIVE YOU ANYTHING BUT BUBBLES GOOD OLD LOVE TLE UGHT OF MINE • THE LILY OF THE VALLEY • WHAT A FRIEND WE HAVE IN JESUS • DO • LOVER LORD • IN THE GARDEN • WHISPERING HOPE • AMAZING GRACE • I'LL FLY AWAY. MILLS BROTHERS ''Their Best-Loved Hits." THE HARMONICATS "World Famous!" The fabulous Mills Brothers have made generations of music lovers happy for

over four decades. Hear all their greatest hits in their sensational new collec- s Here in one fantastic collection are all their greatest hits sure to become tion. one of the best-loved treasures in your music library. PAPER DOLL • TILL THEN • GLOW WORM • UP A LAZY RIVER • CAB DRIVER • RUBY • SENTIMENTAL JOURNEY • TWILIGHT TIME • DEEP PURPLE • EBB TIDE • SUNRISE MOONLIGHT BAY • NEVERTHELESS • BASIN STREET BLUES • DADDY'S LITTLE GIRL • SERENADE • MOONUGHT COCKTAIL • PEG 0' MY HEART • CHERRY PINK AND APPLE OPUS ONE • BE MY LIFE'S COMPANION • YOU TELL ME YOUR DREAM • ACROSS THE BLOSSOM WHITE • WHO'S SORRY NOW • BLUE TANGO • FASCINATION • TICO TICO • ALLEY FROM THE ALAMO • SOMEDAY (YOU'LL WANT ME TO WANT YOU) • YOU'RE MAM'SELLE • OVER THE RAINBOW • RAMONA • PERFIDIA SABRE DANCE. NOBODY TILL SOMEBODY LOVES YOU-* THE JONES BOY • YOU ALWAYS HURT THE ONE YOU LOVE • ONE DOZEN ROSES EDDY ARNOLD "The Magic of Eddy Arnold." Eddy Arnold is one of those artists who truly living VAUGHN MONROE "A Ma tNew Album!" can be described as a legend! This magnificent collection is one you and yours will always treasure, The golden voice of Vaughn Monroe on a great new double-length collection featuring: CHARMAINE • MOONLIGHT AND ROSES • THERE! I'VE SAID IT AGAIN • RED ROSES FOR MAKE THE WORLD GO AWAY • ANYTIME • WHAT'S HE DOING IN MY WORLD • YOUR A BLUE LADY • RACING WITH THE MOON • CAROLINA MOON • LOOK FOR THE SILVER CHEATIN HEART • BOUQUET OF ROSES • FOR THE GOOO TIMES • JUST A LITTLE LINING • GHOST RIDERS IN THE SKY • DID YOU EVER SEE A DREAM WALKING • COOL LOVIN' • COOL WATER • SIXTEEN TONS • CATTLE CALL • TUMBLING TUMBLEWEEDS • WATER • DREAM A LITTLE DREAM OF ME • SOMEDAY (YOU'LL WANT ME TO WANT • I REALLY DON'T WANT TO KNOW • TURN THE WORLD AROUNO • STREETS OF LAREDO • • • • • YOU) BALLERINA I WISH I DIDN'T LOVE YOU SO LET IT SNOW! KISS ME AGAIN THE LAST WORD IN LONESOME IS ME • MAY THE GOOD LORD BLESS AND KEEP YOU • THE NIGHT IS YOUNG AND YOU'RE SO BEAUTIFUL. YOU DON'T KNOW ME • TENNESSEE WALTZ. SAMMY KAYE "His Brand New Album!" PERRY COMO "His Greatest Hits." All of your favorites are here, all the original recordings, in this brand new collec- Here on one superb collection are all the truly great hits of the incomparable tion entitled "Swing And Sway With Sammy Kaye." PERRY COMO. When Perry sings, it's time to close your eyes, and simply HARBOR LIGHTS • DADDY • IT ISN'T FAIR • POWDER YOU FACE WITH SUNSHINE (SMILE, relax ... and dream along. I SMILE, SMILE) • BABY FACE • STAIRWAY TO THE STARS • BLUE SKIES • ALEXANDER'S BECAUSE • SOME ENCHANTED EVENING • TILL THE END OF TIME • TEMPTATION • A • • • RAGTIME BAND I LEFT MY HEART AT THE STAGE DOOR CANTEEN THERE'LL BE DREAMER'S HOUOAY • FAR AWAY PLACES • WHEN YOU WERE SWEET SIXTEEN BLUEBIRDS OVER THE WHITE CUFFS OF DOVER • THE GYPSY • CHICKERY CHICK • THE "A "-YOU'RE ADORABLE • IF • PRISONER OF LOVE • CATCH A FALLING STAR • DON'T FOUR WINDS AND THE SEVEN SEAS • THE OLD LAMPLIGHTER • ROOM FULL OF ROSES • STARS GET IN • HOOP • WANTED • NO OTHER • 1 mcHKTu ml LET THE YOUR EYES DE DOO LOVE HOT ~ • • CUDDLE UP A LITTLE CLOSER LAVENDER BLUE (DILLY, DILLY) THE OBJECT OF MY AF- DIGGITY (DOG ZIGGITY BOOM) • ROUND AND ROUND • FOREVER AND EVER. FECTIDN. MAILCOUPONTODAY NOT INGRES Nafl(SK coupoN NAT"KING" COLE "Unforgettable!" I THE GOOD MUSIC RECORD CO., Dept. YS-01-85 ' Here is the one and only Nat 'King' Cole singing all his greatest hits in one I 352 Evelyn Street, P.O. Box 909, Paramus, NJ 07653-0909

magnificent 2-record collection. jl Please rush me the albums checked below on your unconditional money-back

• I I STARDUST • DARLING, JE VOUS AIME BEAUCOUP • WHEN I FALL IN LOVE • PRETEND guarantee. understand that may return any Item and receive a complete refund. ANSWER ME, MY LOVE • WALKIN' MY BABY BACK HOME • TOO YOUNG • RED SAILS IN I Make check or money order payable to Good Music Record Co. • • • • • THE SUNSET NATURE BOY MONA LISA FOR ALL WE KNOW THIS IS ALL I ASK I () RECORD ALBUMS— $8.98 CASSETTE TAPES— $9.98 8-TRACK TAPES— $9.98 SMILE • BALLERINA • THERE GOES MY HEART • THOSE LAZY, HAZY, CRAZY DAYS OF Check Spike Jones Spike Jones Spike Jones • • • • SUMMER FASCINATION IF I GIVE MY HEART TO YOU THERE! I'VE SAID IT AGAIN , box(es) Howard Keel Howard Keel Howard Keel • • jl LOVE YOU) FOR SENTIMENTAL REASONS RAMBLIN' ROSE SOMEWHERE ALONG I to order DLes Paul & Mary Ford Les Paul & Mary Ford DLes Paul & Mary Ford • • THE WAY NON DIMENTICAR UNFORGETTABLE. | Mills Brothers Mills Brothers Mills Brothers Vaughn Monroe Vaughn Monroe Vaughn Monroe Sammy Kaye Sammy Kaye Sammy Kaye MARTY BOBBINS "His Brand New Collection!" Nat "King" Cole Nat "King" Cole Nat "King" Cole |I r _ _ 1 Discovernicrnwor a wholeuuhnlo newnau/ MartyMartv RobbinsOnhhinc asac heho singscinnc THE GREATftBPAT LOVEI CH/C SONGS.CnMGQ YouVnn Marty Robbins Love Marty Robbins Love Marty Robbins Love Frankle Carle Frankle Carle Frankle Carle may just fall in love again! Mitch Miller Mitch Miller Mitch Miller YOU MADE ME LOVE YOU • MY BLUE HEAVEN • I'M IN THE MOOD FOR LOVE • AS TIME I The Ink Spots The Ink Spots DThe Ink Spots GOES BY • MY HAPPINESS • LOVE ME TENDER • ANSWER ME MY LOVE • UNCHAINED Guy & Ralna Guy & Ralna DGuy & Ralna • • • • MELODY I DON'T KNOW WHY (I JUST DO) THAT OLD FEELING TO EACH HIS OWN The Harmonicats The Harmonlcats DThe Harmonicats RETURN TO ME • THE NEARNESS OF YOU • MISTY • TRY A UTTLE TENDERNESS • ARE Eddy Arnold Eddy Arnold Eddy Arnold 1 • • YOU SINCERE TOO YOUNG IT HAD TO BE YOU. Perry Como Perry Como Perry Como

Postage & Handling: Please add $1.25 for single item. Be sure to take FRANKIE CARLE "His Golden Touch!" SAVE ON POSTAGE: Order 2 or more items, add only 1 FREE SELECTION Here is the fantastic new double-length album just recorded by one of the $2.00 Pstg. & Hdlg. to your total for every 3 Items you order. greatest pianists of all time. He's better than ever! enclose full payment of $_ j ! • • • • ITI MasterCard Visa FRANKIE CARLE BLUE SKIES I'VE GOT MY LOVE TO KEEP ME WARM MARIE CHEEK TO CHEEK A ; CHARGE IS LIKE • • • PRETTY GIRL A MELODY YOU'RE JUST IN LOVE EASTER PARADE ALWAYS Account No. . Exp. Date • ALL BY MYSELF • IT'S A LOVELY DAY TODAY • ALEXANDER'S RAGTIME BAND • HOW DEEP IS THE OCEAN • PLAY A SIMPLE MELODY • STEPPIN' OUT WITH MY BABY • PUT- Name IJUJIIJ TIN' ON THE RITZ • SAY IT ISN'T SO • THEY SAY IT'S WONDERFUL • TOP HAT WHITE Address TIE AND TAILS • ISN'T THIS A LOVELY DAY • REMEMBER • LET'S FACE THE MUSIC AND

• I • • . State^ -Zip- DANCE WHAT LL DO CHANGE PARTNERS THERE'S NO BUSINESS LIKE SHOW LCiiL BUSINESS • I LOVE A PIANO • THE GIRL THAT I MARRY. DATELINE WASHINGTON

commission would comprise a cross section of parents and The Russians Are Listening representatives of the educational community, business, If you are living in or near the nation's capital, and one industry, military, government and minority groups, and

day suspect someone's listening in on your phone conversa- would study the causes of, and recommend solutions to, il- tions, you may be right. It could be the Soviets. literacy. The new Soviet embassy is being built on 350-foot high Figures show that this country is spending more each Mt. Alto, just about the highest point in Washington. The year for remedial courses in schools, colleges and govern-

hill used to be the site of a veterans hospital, but was ment agencies. Uncle Sam offers some high school level turned over to the Soviets in exchange for a U.S. embassy courses for employees at taxpayers' expense. Last year the location in Moscow. Army spent more than $14 million to bring its recruits up From an eavesdropping standpoint, Mt. Alto is regarded to a ninth grade level in reading. Surprisingly, 90 percent as a magnificent spot for Soviet electronics experts to listen were high school graduates. to private, commercial and diplomatic conversations, as Zorinsky also pointed out that although Congress passed well as military data transmitted through the air. Although the Education for Economic Security Act for $100 million to the Pentagon and other government agencies have taken improve the quality of math and science instruction in U.S. steps to bar and baffle the interceptions, no one knows if schools, elementary children are unable to read well enough the steps have been successful. to handle science at the secondary level in spite of more Sen. Daniel P. Moynihan, former U.S. ambassador to the remedial reading being offered in schools than ever before. United Nations, has proposed adoption of at least one re- straint on the listening-in practice: Moynihan's bill would Give Senior Citizens a Break authorize expulsion of foreign diplomats who are caught eavesdropping. Senior citizens should get a break from the bureaucratic red tape that plagues Americans, said Rep. Mario Biaggi, who has proposed legislation to reduce the paperwork bur- lipping the Speed Limit den the elderly suffer to qualify for government benefits Twelve years after Congress set a 55-mph speed limit on and services. A recent survey by Biaggi's office pinpointed the nation's roads, resistance in rural and country areas has at least 12 different Social Security forms required for lead to a demand to raise the limit to 65 mph outside urban benefits. centers. In another example, the VA requires individual applica- tions for burial benefits, burial flags, headstone and burial A bill by Sen. Chic Hecht would give states the authority to increase auto speed limits to 65 mph on roads outside markers, and death pension. Biaggi said he feels it is a communities with 50,000 or more people. States currently waste of time for VA employees and beneficiaries, not to refrain from such action for fear of losing federal highway mention a waste of taxpayer dollars, when applicants must construction dollars. fill out four different forms requesting similar information. Hecht pointed out that the 55-mph limitation was im- The legislation would order the Department of Health to information collection posed by Congress in 1973 to help overcome the Arab oil and Human Services review and embargo. Since then, he said, conservation measures, ad- recommend ways to reduce it. The agency is already under ditional energy sources and improvement of automotive court order to simplify Medicare information. technology have reduced fuel consumption. Biaggi said simplification efforts have worked in the past While acknowledging that the lower speed has decreased with the IRS. In 1982, more than 15 million people used the highway fatalities, Hecht also noted that compliance has short form when filing taxes. If the federal government can declined dramatically, with more than 75 percent of drivers provide relief in some areas, said the congressman, the exceeding the limit. same kind of rationale and much-needed change will offer relief for our senior citizens. Illiteracy on the Rise

Despite warnings more than 20 years ago from the late President John F. Kennedy that our country was headed Quote of the Month

for trouble unless illiteracy was stamped out, today we "/ think it's absolutely essential that we do the kind of have 26 million adults who cannot read or write. More than research (on strategic defense) that perhaps we should have 72 million barely read and write on a fifth-grade level, ac- been doing for some years in the past. cording to the Library of Congress, which estimates adult "It's the one thing in all these recent discussions that

illiterates are increasing by 2.3 million each year. they (the Soviets) are most anxious to have us stop . . . Sen. Edward Zorinsky and several colleagues contend it When they exert that amount of effort against a particular is time to take another approach to the problem. They have part of a program, you have to know it's right." proposed the National Commission on Illiteracy Act. The Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger

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Rep. Philip M. Crane, R-l Rep. Tom Lantos, D-Calif.

The United Nations was I We all agree that the United created in the closing Nations has many and se- days of World War II to YES vere flaws. It has not promote a world of peace, prosperity, matched the high expectations that ac- freedom and order. But in the 40 years companied its founding in San Francisco of its existence, the world body has 40 years ago; its members have increas- been turned into little more than a ingly been critical and at times viciously citadel of anti-American, anti-Western hostile to important U.S. foreign policy sentiment. interests; it has proven increasingly ineffective in ensuring Our continued disproportionate monetary support, as international peace and security; and it has become increas- well as our housing of the United Nations on American soil, ingly politicized. is deplorable. We must ask ourselves, is it in the best in- Despite these obvious and well-publicized failings, how- terest of the United States and those nations that share our ever, there are four important reasons why the United belief in freedom and peace, to continue to support this States should continue its participation in this international spy-infested sham of an organization? organization. The United States pays 25 percent of the United Na- First, the United Nations played a positive role in keep- tions' budget. This payment of U.S. taxpayers' money ing the peace in such cases as the Multilateral Peace- comes to more than $1 billion a year. keeping Force in Cyprus and the U.N. mediation effort Twenty-five industrial democracies contribute 74.3 per- during the 1965 India-Pakistani war. cent of the U.N. budget. Communist nations, including the Second, many of the U.N.'s associated organizations Soviet Union, Communist China and 16 other havens of op- quietly play vital technical roles — the World Health Organ- pression, while using the United Nations as a forum to at- ization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United tack the policies of democratic nations, pay 17.1 percent. Nations Children's Fund, the Development Program and I have proposed that if we are to remain in the United the Environmental Program.

Nations, the budget should be distributed proportionately Third, it is important for the United States to participate among member nations according to their population. If in shaping U.N. decisions. On many occasions this has that were the case, the United States would pay 5.14 per- served our interests. The international revulsion against cent, while Communist China would pay close to 23 percent the Soviet shooting down of a civilian South Korean airliner as opposed to the paltry .88 percent it now pays. which was almost unanimously condemned by the United More serious than the U.N.'s monetary imbalance is the Nations —was an important aspect of the vigorous con- total inversion of its original goal as a peacekeeping body. demnation of that barbarous action. The majority of member nations no longer seek true Fourth, the United Nations represents an important peace. Instead, the condemnation and criticism of the symbolic dimension. Although this institution falls far short United States and our allies appear to be the organization's of our expectations, this does not mean that we should sole purpose. abandon all hope. The United States — the leading demo- At the same time, while the Soviets slaughter Afghan cratic society on this planet — must continue to work to see civilians, blunt freedom efforts in Poland, shoot down un- the United Nations reach toward the high expectations that armed civilian jetliners, supply terrorists in all corners of its founders held, and not withdraw when it falls short of the world, the voice of the United Nations is all but silent. these aims. The United States must act with resolve now, as we have In sum, the United Nations is terribly flawed. But it re- in the past, to expose totalitarian regimes and their puppet flects our terribly flawed world. Our interest is to make the nations which engage in terrorism and are guilty of revolt- world — and the United Nations — less flawed. We are in a ing violations of human rights: We must disassociate our- far better position to do this from within than from the selves from an organization which has abandoned its values outside. Remaining in the United Nations is clearly in the and forgotten its goals. American national interests.

AUGUST 1985 11 The Soviets' massive nuclear inventory far surpasses what is needed for defensive purposes. The USSR may now have the potential to cripple the United States with one swift, unprovoked missile attack.

the Soviet homeland in retaliation. Of Because of the Soviet missile By Dr. Robert Jastrow course, the Soviets could also destroy buildup and the resultant threat to our us if we attacked them. This is called retaliatory forces, the whole theory of security through Mutual Assured De- MAD is collapsing like a house of SOVIET UNION has struction, or MAD. An important part cards. If the Soviets have a sufficient created a massive nuclear of MAD is the Anti-Ballistic Missile number of accurate missiles to wipe THEstockpile that seems to be de- (ABM) treaty, which says that the out our own nuclear force in a surprise signed for the destruction of the United States and Soviet Union both attack, they will not be deterred by United States, rather than as a guarantee to keep themselves defense- the fear of retaliation, because we will deterrent to an attack on the less against a nuclear attack by the not be able to retaliate. Soviet Union. It consists of other country. The ABM treaty is That is just what has happened. As many thousands of highly accurate supposed to further discourage an at- a result, this nation faces the greatest nuclear warheads, any one of which tack by ensuring that the retaliation peril it has ever known. can deposit the equivalent of a half a will be devastating. There is no doubt about the deadly million pounds of TNT within a 250- yard radius of a target. Warheads as accurate as this can land close enough to hardened military THE LEGION'S POSITION ON SDI sites to cave them in and demolish American Legion demon- through defensive measures; and, them. These highly accurate Soviet THE strated its support for the be it further warheads have only one purpose — to Strategic Defense Initiative with "Resolved, That we urge Con- destroy the missile silos and other mil- Resolution 229, adopted in Septem- gress to support the President's itary installations of the United States ber 1984 at the 66th National Con- initiatives in re-establishing our and cripple our power to retaliate vention in Salt anti-missile system effort using all against a Soviet attack. Lake City: "Resolved, That we applaud the latitudes available including the For many years the safety of the President's change in the national existing ABM treaties; and, United States has rested on the as- strategy of deterrence from one of "Resolved, That vigorous re- sumption that if the Soviet Union at- mutually assured destruction search and development be under- tacked, we would be able to destroy wherein populations are held hos- taken to increase our anti-ballistic tage to the threat of destruction missile capability using all tech- Dr. Robert Jastrow, founder of the from nuclear weapons, to a strat- niques, including space, as these NASA Institute for Space Studies and egy of protecting our population techniques can be developed." professor at Dartmouth College, is a leading authority on space.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — —

purpose of those Soviet missiles. Their AFTER THE STRIKE A re- accuracy reveals the intent. If the taliatory attempt by the Soviets had built their missiles mainly United States would mean to prevent the United States from at- penetrating an extensive tacking them, they would have done Soviet defense system sup- what we did and placed most of the ported by SAM-2 missiles. missiles on submarines. A missile launched from a submarine is too inaccurate to destroy a hardened mili- tary target made of reinforced con- crete and buried under tons of earth. That requires a nearly direct hit. (The reason for the inaccuracy of sub- marine-launched missiles is simple. The submarine does not know exactly where it is in the ocean, and therefore cannot tell exactly where its warheads will land. Missiles that correct for these errors in mid-flight are being developed, but they will not be avail- able in substantial numbers until the next decade.) A submarine missile can flatten a city because that does not require pin- point accuracy; you do not have to explode a nuclear warhead within 250 yards of Times Square to destroy New York. So, if you want to threaten to destroy the enemy's cities to keep escaped, which would carry less than bombs carried by B-52 bombers and him from attacking you, submarine 100 warheads, would be unable to in- cruise missiles. But according to missiles are very useful. But if you flict any significant damage on Soviet Defense Secretary Caspar W. Wein- want to build a first-strike force, you military sites. berger, the B-52 can no longer pene- put your missiles on the land, where The Soviet nuclear missile force, on trate Soviet air defenses, which are they can be aimed accurately. That is the other hand, includes more than the most massive in the world. The what the Soviets did. 8,000 accurate and destructive new B-1B bombers, just going into warheads. production, are designed to penetrate UNITED STATES also has With two warheads targeted on the latest Soviet air defenses. But some land missiles, with each important military site in the Congress has only approved funding THEwarheads about as accurate and United States, these Soviet missiles for 100 B-lBs, and even this small destructive as the best Soviet could destroy every one of the 4,000 warheads. These are the Min- critical U.S. military sites. The Soviet uteman III missiles with Mark nuclear arsenal is a true first-strike MOBILE MISSILES With a range of 7,456 12A warheads. However, we force. miles, some 300 Soviet SS-18 missiles only have 900 of them. That is not Our nuclear arsenal does contain alone could destroy 80 percent of the enough to place at risk more than a other accurate weapons — the nuclear American ICBM silos. tiny fraction of the 4000 or so top- priority Soviet targets. Targeting two warheads on each hardened site, 900 warheads could take out at most 10 percent of the important Soviet mili- tary sites. Our first-strike missiles would hardly make a dent in the Soviet power to retaliate. In other words, our Minuteman missiles are not a first-strike force. They have the accuracy, but not the necessary numbers, to cripple Soviet military power. But the situation is even worse than that because the Soviet missile buildup has placed our land-based missiles in jeopardy, to the point where up to 95 percent of the American missiles would be destroyed in their silos by a Soviet first strike, according to de- fense experts. The few missiles that

AUGUST 1985 — — a ;

force will not be fully available until can with our land-based missiles. late in this decade. At the present The bottom line is that at the pres- time our bombers cannot be counted ent time the security of the United on as an important deterrent to a States is suspended by a single would a space-based de- Soviet attack. thread — our fleet of ballistic missile fense system against a Soviet | As for the cruise missile, it is submarines. If my these submarines were HOWmissile attack on the United I impression that its effectiveness is ever to lose their undersea cloak of States work? Or would it work! overrated. The current generation of invisibility, that thread would snap. at all? American cruise missiles is vulnerable Several lines of research indicate To get at the answers to to the new look-down, shoot-down that this may happen at some point in these crucial questions, you Soviet Foxhound fighters. In Soviet the 1990s. For example, a submarine have to think in terms of two different tests, a Foxhound at an altitude of churns up cold water from below systems — one using presently avail- 20,000 feet destroyed drone aircraft, depths, creating a cold-water "wake" able technology and the other relying imitating American cruise missiles, that is invisible to the eye but can be on "far out" approaches. Here's how that were hugging the ground at 200 seen clearly by heat-sensitive instru- Dr. Robert Jastrow, author of the

feet. These Soviet advances in air de- ments on satellites. Heat from the nu- foregoing article, puts it: fense may explain why the Defense clear reactor on the submarine also "An advanced defense againstlj Department recently cut its order of creates warm water, which rises to Soviet missiles, using exotic air-launched cruise missiles from 4,348 the surface and produces another kind technologies such as the laser and the to 1,499. of temperature disturbance over the neutral particle beam, may become aj Improved cruise missiles with submerged sub. The two effects don't reality by the end of the century. stealth technology are under develop- cancel each other. The result is a Americans will rest easier when that ment, but will not be available in large thermal "wake" that can be picked up defense is in place, for it will mean j

numbers before the 1990s. Until then, by instruments in satellites. that the prospect of a Soviet first I the air-launched cruise missile also Submerged submarines also create a strike is essentially nil. cannot be counted on as a major deter- surface signal in the form of changes in "Meanwhile, the technologies that rent to Soviet attacks. the "sea-state" — the irregular pattern are already in hand will allow us to put

With our land-based missiles, bomb- of waves and wavelets that continually into place in the early 1990s a simple ij

ers and cruise missiles vulnerable to crosses the ocean surface. Details of but highly effective defense at a cost I

Soviet forces, what is left? The answer the sea-state can be measured from of roughly $60 billion. A conservative 1

is — submarines. The American fleet of satellites with a new type of radar. estimate of the effectiveness of this ! submarines has become our principal This line of submarine detection is defense is 90 percent, which means protection against a Soviet nuclear at- particularly promising and the USSR that only one Soviet warhead in 10 will:) tack. Each ballistic missile submarine is reportedly pursuing it with vigor. reach its target. This is more than carries enough missiles to destroy all In our present defenseless state sufficient to guarantee devastating j the large cities in the Soviet Union. dictated by the ABM treaty — the loss U.S. retaliation and discourage Soviet Relying on these submarines as our of invisibility for our submarines will leaders from any thought of achieving

j main deterrent does not seem like a be a catastrophe, for we will then have a successful strike. bad idea, because the newest sub- lost our most important means of re- "This limited defense will be based marines have very quiet engines and taliation against Soviet attacks. The on the off-the-shelf technology of the are hard to find, so the Soviets cannot Soviet Union, with its huge first-strike smart bullet. That technology is ma-

count on eliminating most of them in force of land-based missiles, will then ture and unexotic and its deployment i

the first wave of their attack, as they Continued on page 4.8 around the end of the decade involves j

no further research, but only a rela- i tively modest degree of engineering development of existing hardware." These quotes are from Jastrow's new book, "How to Make Nuclear!] Weapons Obsolete" (Little, Brown and j

Company). Providing needed insights S into the technologies behind all the "Star Wars" talk, Jastrow points out ( that a first-step missile defense sys- | tern would consist of two layers — boost-phase defense that tackles j Soviet missiles as they rise above the atmosphere, and a terminal defense j that intercepts the warheads at the end of their trajectories, as they de- scend toward their targets in the United States. The essential element in this system is the "smart bullet" — a projectile that homes in on its target using radar or LETHAL BACK-UP Backing up the Soviet lethal first-strike arsenal Is the SS-21 heat waves and destroys it on impact. nuclear-capable, tactical rocket, designed to eliminate retaliatory attempts by U.S. The interceptor rocket for this phase ground forces and other NATO contingents on the European continent. is seen as an advanced version of the

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

'STAR WARS' DEFENSE: FACT OR SCIENCE FICTION?

air defense interceptors that are in op- erational use in our Air Force today. These weigh about 500 pounds, and the smart bullets they carry (which are non-nuclear) weigh 10 pounds. Jastrow estimates a need for a space-based force of 100 satellites, each holding 150 interceptors, or enough to counter a mass attack from all 1,400 Soviet missile silos. Also needed would be four early-warning satellites in geosynchronous or station- ary orbits and 10 lower-altitude satellites dedicated to surveillance and tracking, plus ground control com- munications and battle management. He sees the system working like this: "The rockets with their smart bullets would be stored in pods on satellites and fired from space. The tracking information needed to guide them would be acquired from satellites orbiting over the Soviet missile fields. "Heat-sensitive eyes on the satel- lites look for the tell-tale flames of the missile launch, follow the course of the missile as it rises, and pass their in- Iformation on to computers which cal- RAILGUN Nuclear-armed, re-entry missiles can be Intercepted and destroyed by ad- culate the probable path of the vanced technology such as this space-based electromagnetic rallgun. missiles. "The high-altitude satellites flash Itheir information to the fleet of satel- on the skin until it softens or melts. tron Beam. Trouble is, as Jastrow ilites at lower altitudes — the battle- Beyond the laser are still more exotic concludes, "the potential of the new Imanagement satellites and those that weapons possibilities, such as the technologies will not be clear for an- Bcarry the weapons to be used against Neutral Particle Beam. As Jastrow other three to five years, and some [the Soviet missiles. These satellites explained, a laser beam is absorbed at years beyond that may be needed to Hbegin to track the moving missiles. In a missile's surface but a NPB beam shape the best of them into practical a few more seconds, they fire." passes right through and enters the defenses against missiles, which The technology used for terminal brains of the missile — the electronic means that these new technologies [J Bdefense would be based mainly on computer that guides it on its may not come into use before the mid Hwhat Jastrow describes as "a small course — driving the missile off its or late 1990s." |homing interceptor, also non-nuclear, proper path so that it begins to tumble Meanwhile, according to Jastrow, |with a heat-seeking sensor, launched and destroy itself. the Russians are going all out to Iby a rocket." Such interceptors, he Then there's the Electromagnetic develop their own military capabilities Iwrote, could be ready for deployment Railgun which uses an intense mag- in space — with the aim of stopping a Inn five years if a decision were reached netic field to propel smart bullets at U.S. missile counter-attack in its to this higher tracks. If the United States then had I follow course. "much speeds than a rocket," Farther out "Star Wars" concepts enabling them to intercept and destroy no comparable space defense system, ipnvision a fleet of satellites similarly missiles far more readily than at pre- the USSR would be able to launch a orbiting over the Soviet Union, each sent. first-strike nuclear attack with little I containing a powerful laser and a large Also being researched are other fear of retaliation. It's this kind of psoncave mirror to reflect the laser deadly devices known as the X-Ray nightmare scenario that lends urgency pbeam toward the missile, focusing it Laser, Excimer Lasers and the Elec- to U.S. "Star Wars" planning.

AUGUST 185 15 —

THE OTHER ARMS RACE NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION IN THE THIRD WORLD

As more nations ac- quire the knowledge By William H. Hudnut hours to produce a number of bombs. needed to build nuclear Finally, there is considerable specula- tion regarding South Africa's nuclear ~~lE HEAR a lot these days weapons, a crucial capabilities, since the South Africans about the U.S. -Soviet arms problem becomes have the technology, the uranium and race and the threat which the motivation to produce nuclear ever-improving Soviet nu- evident How do we weapons. Other countries, though less ad- clear weapons poses to keep the bomb out of American and allied mili- vanced in their efforts toward poten- tary forces and civilian the hands of radicals? tial weapons production, are also targets. We also follow the slow jour- known to have serious nuclear ambi- ney, now 15 years old, of superpower tions. Pakistan, Taiwan and South negotiations to control this competi- Korea are thought to have made con- tion. But, there is another nuclear Western imperialism." If the Shah had siderable progress. Iraq was making arms race — a silent one — that in- developed nuclear weapons, who excellent progress prior to the assas- volves the spread of nuclear weapons would have them now? sination of its chief nuclear scientist around the world. In time, this silent • India and Pakistan have gone to war and Israel's attack on its principal nu- arms race could pose as serious a three times since 1948; Israel and the clear reactor. threat to American security as the ex- Arab countries four times. What if Argentina and Brazil both have the panding Soviet nuclear arsenal. they all had nuclear weapons and war technical expertise to make eventual Nuclear proliferation threatens to began to escalate again? weapons production a possibility, but gain increased momentum through the • Remember the terrorists' car bomb the return to democracy in both coun- remainder of the decade. Many of the that killed our Marines in Beirut? tries, as well as their terrible financial technological barriers to the develop- What if the bomb had been nuclear problems, has lessened their nuclear ment and production of nuclear and detonated in Washington, D.C.? incentives considerably. Fortunately, weapons have been eroded; the knowl- The spread of nuclear weapons, es- edge of how to make these weapons is pecially to radical or unstable regimes, becoming available around the world. or to fanatical, violent groups, SUPPOSE The danger is that these weapons threatens to make the whole world a could come into the hands of states much less safe place in which to live. AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI that are deeply involved in regional Who's got the bomb now? There are IRAN crises or conflicts, or, even worse, into five full-fledged members of the nu- the hands of terrorist organizations. clear club: the United States, the Consider the following: Soviet Union, Britain, France and • Libya's Col. Qaddafi has declared his China. These Big Five all have im- support for radical states and the use pressive and visible arsenals. But of violence to oppose the policies of the there are other tiers of the nuclear United States. What would he do if he club that are more ambiguous. India had a nuclear weapon? set off a "peaceful nuclear explosion" • The Ayatollah Khomeini wants to in 1974, and most experts think it wage a "holy war" against "decadent could build a small arsenal of weapons within months, if it has not already William H. Hudnut III, the mayor of done so. Indianapolis, is a past president of the Despite its vehement claims to the National League of American Cities contrary, Israel is widely thought to and a member of the board of trustees have a "bomb in the basement" — for the Roosevelt Center of American nuclear weapons components that Policy Studies. could be assembled in a matter of

16 Libya has been repeatedly rebuffed in will be more and more difficult in the ful nuclear facilities. Unfortunately, its efforts to purchase a nuclear future. several countries, including two mem- weapon, and it lacks the technical in- Here are some of the arrangements bers of the nuclear club and those frastructure to produce one by itself. that exist to try to limit the prolifera- seeking to join it, such as China, Since the end of World War II when tion of nuclear weapons: France, India, Argentina and Israel, the United States stopped sharing its • The Nuclear Non-Proliferation have refused to sign the NPT. nuclear secrets with its allies, efforts Treaty. Originally negotiated between • The International Atomic Energy have been made to restrict the spread the United States and the Soviet Agency. This United Nations' organ- of nuclear weapons and technology. Union, the NPT was opened for ization establishes safeguards on the Thus far, they have been reasonably signature in 1968. Since then, some peaceful use of nuclear fuels and successful, especially when you con- 127 of the world's 170 nation-states facilities and conducts on-site inspec- sider that some experts had predicted have signed the treaty, which pro- tions to ensure that its safeguards are that 20 or more countries would have scribes them from building or selling being properly implemented. How- nuclear weapons by the 1970s. Unfor- nuclear weapons, and provides for the ever, the IAEA has no real enforce- tunately, holding the line looks like it international inspection of their peace- ment powers, and also seeks to encourage the use of civilian nuclear power and thus the spread of nuclear fHESE MEN GET THE BOMB? technology. • The London Nuclear Suppliers COL. M. QADDAFI YASSER ARAFAT Group. This group of Western UBYA PLO suppliers of nuclear power plants and technology is promoting a stringent set of rules for the export of nuclear equipment to countries which don't have the bomb. However, commercial temptations and competition for mar- kets make it difficult to ensure that these suppliers will always insist on proper safeguards before they provide a country with nuclear technology. • Security Guarantees. Countries may seek nuclear weapons because of very real threats to their security. Sometimes this desire can be miti- gated by a willingness on the part of stronger countries, such as the United States, to provide the country with a Continued on page 56

17 —

CITY Billed AT SEA— as the largest warship ever built, the 75,700-ton Enterprise was the pride of the World War II fleet, carrying more than 4,000 men and 100 aircraft at speeds up to 35 knots. She was Invincible—the only carrier to start and finish the war at sea.

KNOWNAS THE BIG "E," USS by good fortune, were two carriers in the Pacific, the Lexington and the ENTERPRISE WON 20 BATTLE Saratoga. Before the day was out, the American battleships were finished STARS, MAKING IT THE MOST DEC- four sunk, four others badly damaged. Only the aircraft carriers were spared, ORATED SHIP OF WORLD WAR II. and the age of air power had been born. Before the first day was over, don't shoot! Don't shoot! This is an Enterprise recovered her bombing and F. By Richard Newcomb American plane!" And then a torpedo squadrons at sea; their all-day postscript, apparently to his gunner, search for the enemy had found no HE ENTERPRISE riding backwards in the seat behind targets. Her Wildcat fighters, out of launched her Scouting 6 him: "We're on fire. Bail out!" gas and desperate, tried to land squadron shortly after The Enterprise was at war, and so around 9 p.m. at Ford Island, lights dawn to precede her to was America, and the carrier had paid on. Every gun in Pearl Harbor opened Ford Island. The big her first lives in defense of the nation. fire and Fighting 6 lost three pilots carrier was still eight Vice Admiral William F. Halsey, killed, four Wildcats destroyed. Not hours west of Pearl Har- Commander, Aircraft Battle Force, an encouraging opening. T bor. The date was De- was finishing his second cup of coffee At dusk on the 8th, the Enterprise

! cember 7, 1941. in Enterprise's flag quarters when the crept warily into Pearl Harbor and the The Dauntless dive bombers of word reached him from the radio work parties went into action. In a mi- Scouting 6 touched down at Ford room: AIR RAID PEARL HARBOR. raculous eight hours the giant carrier around 8:30 a.m. All but one. Ensign THIS IS NO DRILL. Within minutes took on a full load of ammunition, fuel Manuel Gonzales' last words had been the air was full of radio traffic that left and food and by 4 a.m. the Big E was clearly heard on the carrier: "Please no doubt; this indeed was no drill. dropping down the channel, on her Halsey hurried to the bridge and way to sea and her first war patrol. Richard F. Newcomb, a free-lance watched the signal flags snap out from The Lexington was somewhere at writer and WWII veteran, has the yardarm: PREPARE FOR sea south of Hawaii, the Saratoga was authored three books on World War II BATTLE. in harbor at San Diego, four days in the Pacific theater. The Enterprise was ready, and so, away. For the next year, all through

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — —

the crucial months of 1942, only these aflame and sinking, a crip- carriers and a few more would stand pling loss to America. And as a shield between the enemy and the Yorktown, damaged, began west coast of the United States. The limping toward Pearl Harbor. Big E was there all the way — Enterprise missed the battle sometimes, for short, scary days or by 24 hours; only she and the weeks she was the only American Hornet were intact now in carrier in action against the enemy the Pacific. Unlucky Saratoga and when the year was out she had had caught another Japanese become a legend in the fleet. torpedo in January near Three days after Pearl Harbor, on Hawaii and was in Bremerton December 10, the Enterprise drew her Navy Yard for more repairs. first enemy blood; her planes sank the The next signal to submarine 1-170 off the Hawaiian Enterprise and Hornet came coast. This was the first good news for on May 17: "EXPEDITE the Navy, never mind that the very RETURN" to Pearl. Some- same day Japanese planes were BATTLE OF THE SOLOMONS A bomb thing was up. It certainly was — smashing Britain's premier fighting explodes on The Big "E" flight deck during Midway, the most crucial sea battle of ships, the Prince of Wales and the Re- 1942 action in the Pacific. the war. American intelligence had pulse, off Malaya. cracked the Japanese codes even be- is history. America had a psychological fore Pearl Harbor, and now reaped a in January the Big E's victory it badly needed; Bataan had rich reward. Nimitz and his staff read EARLYsister ship, Yorktown, arrived just fallen to the Japanese. the enemy radio intercepts and finally from the Atlantic and together There was no time to tarry. The Big Nimitz put his finger on a tiny island with Enterprise delivered E turned back for Pearl at high speed, in mid-Pacific, Midway. The biggest Marine reinforcements to but on April 30 was on the way out Japanese fleet ever assembled was Samoa. Then the two carriers again. Trouble was brewing in the heading for Midway. And only two teamed up to raid the Gilbert Coral Sea, in the southwest Pacific American carriers seaworthy. and Marshall Islands on the way back near New Guinea and Australia. From Enterprise reached Pearl on one to Pearl. Only weeks later the May 4-8, the Yorktown and Lexington day, sailed the next, this time with Enterprise was far to the west in the took on a Japanese carrier force in a Raymond Ames Spruance on the Pacific, her planes raiding Wake Is- historic battle — the first naval bridge. Halsey, exhausted, had been land late in February, and Marcus Is- engagement in history in which the put in the hospital by a bad case of land in the first week of March. opposing ships never saw each other. shingles. Just before Big E sailed, Flea bites to the Japanese? Yes, but Yorktown scored first and radioed Nimitz came aboard and hung the the bites worried the enemy because "Scratch one flattop." Her planes had DFC on three of her top airmen: Lt. he learned that America was still gotten the light carrier Shoho, but Commander C. Wade McClusky, Lt. alive, and he knew very well what there was a price to pay. Two tor- Roger W. Mehle, and Lt. Jimmy Yamamoto had said: If Japan did not pedoes got the Lexington, and soon Daniels. In time, those names, and the win in 1942, the United States would the old lady (commissioned 1927) was Continued on page 50 overwhelm her in the coming years. When Enterprise got back to Pearl Harbor, Halsey was awarded the DSM. The admiral told the Big E's crew, "Men, this medal belongs to you. I am so damned proud of you I could cry." They cheered him for five minutes. On April 8, Enterprise sailed out again, with cruisers, destroyers and another carrier, the brand new Hor- net, only six months in commission, and out of sight of land Halsey broke out the signal flags: "THIS FORCE IS BOUND FOR TOKYO." It was the Doolittle raid— 16 of the Army's B-52 Mitchell medium bombers packed on the Hornet's flight deck. Could they launch at sea, from a flight deck only 800 feet long? They did, every one of them, on the morning of April 18 from a spot at sea 650 miles east of Tokyo. Radio Tokyo went off the air that day in mid-sentence at 2 p.m., and the rest

CRASH-LANDING A lame F6F Hellcat crunches Into the Enterprise flight deck after a combat sortie.

AUGUST 1985 — — GreatAmerican

NEW YORK A family of sand builders plays In the sun on an East Hampton Beach. CALIFORNIA Brightly

California flow with the living tide of could stand there and not feel By Gary Turbak beach-loving Americans. dwarfed. Beaches have the unique capacity to But not all beaches rest beside HEN poet John be all things to all people. A surfer can oceans. In every part of the nation lie Masefield said "I test his mettle against the waves. In inland waters with untallied miles of must down to the seas the malleable sand, children of all ages sandy shoreline. To these places flock again," he stroked a build visions of tomorrow. Starry-eyed multitudes of Americans seeking a re- chord in all of us. The lovers stroll hand in hand. Swimmers, spite from the heat and the dulling seashore, the beach, cleansed and refreshed, bob in the sameness of man-made surroundings. has always had a water. Rhythmic joggers punch Sand between the toes feels as great magnetic hold on footholds in the sand. And at places in Montana as in Malibu. mankind. like Coney Island and Atlantic City, Mostly, beaches mean reju- Perhaps, it is because life began in beach goers can combine the best of venation — of mind and body. What a the sea. Or because many of our an- nature with the frivolity of man. swim does for tired muscles, shoreside cestors once stood on the prow of an Beaches have a special beauty, too. contemplation does for the mind.

immigrant ship and first glimpsed The deep blue of the ocean licks at You'll leave renewed . . . and vowing America as a beckoning beach. What- alabaster sand. From distant shores that you, too, must soon go down to ever the reason, the lure is strong. come the twisted forms of gnarled, the sea again. So strong, in fact, that pilgrimages sun-bleached driftwood. At dusk, light to the beach rival baseball as a na- from the setting sun rebounds from Planning a Trip? tional pastime. On any Sunday, the water and bathes the beach in an beaches from Maine to southern amber glow of peace. Remember to use your Beaches also can be citadels of American Legion Gary Turbak, a free-lance journalist, power. At midnight on a Pacific beach, writes articles on U.S. travel for this the tide thunders in and a white line of Family Benefit Plan and other leading magazines. breakers pierces the darkness. Who

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — BEACHES

MAINE A Portland lighthouse stands In silent vigil over a craggy beach.

olored sails snap In a warm Mallbu breeze that propels sallsurfers through the waves.

HAWAII—Palm trees and hotels line one of the world's most popular beaches.

MONTANA Galloping trail riders enjoy splashing along the shore of Holland Lake In the FLORIDA—Strollers share the peaceful- midst of thick forests and lofty mountains of the high country. ness of usually busy Clearwater beach.

AUGUST 1985 21 The "Golden Years" Are Getting Better

FOR MANY, GROWING OLD IN AMERICA TODAY MEANS BETTER HEALTH, LONGER LIFE AND MORE MONEY THAN EVER BEFORE.

ByJohn H. Adams

T'S SOMETHING of a paradox. A baby boom seems to be getting under way again — ask harried school boards in fast-growth areas — yet the number of Ameri- cans 65 and older is increasing faster than ever. And the nation's median age (half of us older, half younger) has crept past the once-significant threshhold of 30 years to 31. It was 26 when World War II began. So the white-capped American eagle is an even more ap- propriate symbol for this country than remains heavily in favor of youth; The rise in oldsters is certain; they it was in the past. some would say obsessed. But the will constitute 13 percent of the nation The "geriatrification" of the nation numbers and clout of the older Ameri- by 2000, barring any medical or en- is a concept that can be overdone, of cans are obviously on the rise. vironmental disaster. course. Regarding people, the United No change is in sight in this basic What is less certain is the increase States still is a vibrant, growing giant. and vitally important population in children and youths. Census "mid- Its 239 million population of 1985 will, trend. Major signals — advances in dle series" guesses show an actual de- in the next 15 years, rise another 29 medical technology, improved nutri- cline of nearly 1 million children (5 million, to 268 million, if the mid point tion, minimum-care levels for all seek- percent) in the under-5 group between ("middle series") of Census Bureau ing aid in their extended old age — now and 2000, and a 4-million (14 projections are borne out. The in- point to a steadily larger group of el- percent) decline in the 18-24 group. crease would be larger if the "highest derly and very elderly. But unpredictable events, such as de- series" proved more accurate, as has The charts on the next page tell some pression or war, can knock age-group happened many times in the past. of the significant parts of the story. "guesstimates" into a cocked hat. That It also is true that American society Numbers: Up. The changing age happened in the 1940s and 1950s. mix that is making a growing force of A striking feature of today's popu- John H. Adams is a Washington- people over 65 will continue through lation trends is the oncoming "next based journalist who has been cover- 2000 and far beyond if Census Bureau wave" of oldsters — those now 45 to 64 ing national affairs since 1940. projections pan out. years old. This middle-age group will

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE grow faster than all the rest of the na- tion between now and 2000, increasing by a projected 16 million (36 percent) versus 413,000 (less than 1 percent) in the under-25s; 6.4 million (9 percent) in the 25-44s; and 5.7 million (20 per- cent) in the 65 and older ranks. In the first part of the next century, as today's mid-agers move into the 65 JVING LONGER and older group, that elderly cohort will rise to an estimated 64 million, constituting one American in every YEARS OF LIFE LIFE EXPECTANCY five, by 2030. And an incredible EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH AT AGE 65 number, by past human history, will (avg for men and women) Men Women be reaching very aged status. Nearly 1920 54.1 1959-61 13 15.9 one American in 10 will be 75 and 1940 62.9 1969-71 13 16.9 older by 2030. 1960 69.7 1975 13.8 18.2 1980 73.7 1980 14.2 18.5 graying of America has 1983 74.7 1981 14.4 18.8 been going on since colonial (latest) (latest) Thisdays, as medical science Source: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics lengthened life spans here and in most of the world. But the process seems to be speeding up in the United States. From 1820 to 1920, our median age rose on the average of one year every 11.6 years. From 1920 to 1983 the median age rose by one year every 11.2 years. So we're getting older faster — at least in the population statistics. I7EWER YOUNGSTERS, Incomes: Up. Another statistical x aspect of the elderly's affairs is the MORE OLDSTERS perceived affluence of those 65 and over as a group. Obviously many el- derly Americans live at or near the UNDER 25 YEARS OLD 25-64 65 And Older poverty level, no matter how it is % of % of % of measured. Yet there seems to be little mil Americans mil Americans mil Americans question that today's retirees are far 1960 81 45% 83 46% 17 9% better off, as a group, than those of 1980 94 42% 108 47% 26 11% earlier decades. From that point on, 1985 92 40% 119 49% 29 12% however, arguments flare. 2000 92 34% 141 53% 35 13% The federal government's official view is summed up in the Council of Source: Basic data U.S. Census Bureau. 2000 projections are "middle series" of estimates. Economic Advisers 1985 Report to the President, as follows: "Thirty years ago the elderly were a relatively disadvantaged group in the population. That is no longer the case. The median real income of the elderly has more than doubled since 1950, and the income of the elderly has increased faster over the past two decades than the income of the non-elderly popula- tion. Today, elderly and non-elderly families have about equal levels of in- More money to spend come per capita. Poverty rates among the elderly have declined so dramat- ically that in 1983 poverty rates for % OF ELDERLY FAMILIES WITH the elderly were lower than poverty AVERAGE INCOME OF INCOMES BELOW THE FEDERAL rates for the rest of the population. FAMILY HEADS 65 AND OLDER GOVERNMENT POVERTY LEVEL "These encouraging statistics do not 1950 $11,780 1960 27% tell fhe whole story. The elderly are 1960 $14,740 1970 16% not a homogeneous group. Those with 1970 $18,260 1980 9% spouses have relatively high levels of 1980 $20,370 1983 9% family income, especially when leisure 1983 $21,420 opportunities, lower tax rates for the Continued on page 61 To show "real income" (buying power of the dollar amounts) in each measured year. Source: Council of Economic Advisers 1985 Report to the President.

AUGUST 1985 23 —

50 YEARS OF SOCIAL SECURITY HOW IT BEGAN

15, 1935, many programs were man- By Quentin and dated by the federal government, but Emmy Lou Schenk old-age insurance was the only federal program. During the three months of hearings the Great Depression, that followed, businesses offered little BEFOREmost Americans assumed that opposition. The trend toward an aging any individual could avoid falling population was already established in into poverty. All it took was the 1930s, and business was top-heavy hard work, honesty and thrift. with older workers, many in their 70s Then, almost overnight, or 80s. The pension plan would pro- traditional values failed. A vide an acceptable way to replace third of the nation's workers were job- them with younger workers. less and destitute through economic When Townsend appeared before circumstances that were totally be- the congressional hearings, front page

yond their control. coverage made it seem that the only SAFETY NET FDR signs legislation mak- The recognition that poverty could real issue was the choice between the ing the Social Security Act law in 1935. strike so casually, so universally and Townsend Plan and compulsory insur- so without warning, was terrifying. ance. Other features were forgotten or Something had to be done. People on Economic Security (CES) and ignored. This was what Roosevelt had wanted not merely to end the Depres- charged its 24-members to come up hoped would happen, the reason he sion, they wanted assurance that such with a unified system of legislation had insisted on an omnibus bill rather a disaster might never again occur. that would fulfill that promise. than one broken down into its compo- Enter the Townsend Plan. Simplis- The safeguards were to include pro- nent parts. tic, said some. Crackpot, said others. grams for national health insurance, When the congressional hearings Even so, Dr. Francis Townsend had unemployment compensation, ma- finished, the House Ways and Means no difficulty setting up thousands of ternal and child aid, vocational re- Committee rewrote the Economic Se- clubs to push his pension program for habilitation, help for farmers, assis- curity Bill, changing its name to the the elderly. According to his plan, tance for the disabled and others. De- Social Security Bill. On April 11, the each person 65 and older would re- spite the enormity of the task, the House passed the bill 371 to 33. ceive a flat grant of $200 a month from CES was to have legislation ready The Senate added several amend- the federal government, this sum to be within six months. ments, then, on June 19, passed the financed through a nationwide sales Rejecting the Townsend Plan, the bill 77 to 6. A conference committee tax. CES opted for a federal pension pro- immediately began reconciling the two The Townsend Plan's popularity gram to be funded by taxing both em- versions. The House accepted the con- helped President Roosevelt decide ployer and employee. National health ference report on Aug. 8, the Senate that the political climate was ripe for a insurance was considered but briefly. on Aug. 9. Roosevelt signed the Social plan of his own; however, he wanted As to unemployment insurance and Security Act on Aug. 14, 1935. much more than pensions for the el- workman's compensation, federal Roosevelt rejoiced in his victory. "It derly. In June 1934, Roosevelt prom- funds would be appropriated to assist was politics all the way through," he ised legislation that would provide a the states in administration, but not to said. "We put those payroll deductions "safeguard against the misfortunes pay actual claims made by the work- there so as to give contributors a that cannot be wholly eliminated in ers. The programs for old-age assis- legal, moral and political right to col- this man-made world of ours." Two tance, for the blind, for crippled chil- lect their pensions and unemployment months later he set up the Committee dren and for aid to dependent children benefits. With those taxes in there, no also were left to the states to adminis- damn politician can ever scrap my so- Quentin and Emmy Lou Schenk, have ter, but would be funded on the basis cial security program." collaborated on many books and arti- of matching grants. Thus, in the bill His supposition has proved correct cles on social issues. Roosevelt presented to Congress Jan. for the past half-century.

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE A CONTRACT BETWEEN GENERATIONS

Now the promise has stopped grow- as the economy remained stable. In- By Louis M. Kohlmeier ing. In 1983 Congress changed the solvency reared its head in the 1970s. course of history by reducing some As inflation grew, benefits auto- benefits, taxing others and decreeing matically increased and trust fund THEIR 1985 report to Con- later retirement in the future. Con- outgo exceeded income. When Con- gress, Social Security trustees gress has not lost its sense of social re- gress tried to reverse the trend in predict "timely payment of (pen- sponsibility. It's just that fiscal re- 1977, President Carter thought Social INsion) benefits well into the next sponsibility has taken over. Security solvent "for the next 50 century." President Roosevelt was right when years." But then double-digit inflation But President Reagan has said he insisted that an enduring Social Se- triggered still bigger benefits. Then, a that, while he never would "pull curity program required a unique fis- deep recession and high unemploy- the rug out" from under Americans cal scheme. The program has endured ment cut into trust fund income. now receiving Social Security benefits, partly because Social Security payroll Solvency was threatened again, and "There is a possibility — well, a taxes fund Social Security benefits President Reagan formed his Social probability — that many people, young exclusively. But the scheme could not Security "reform" commission. people now paying in, will never be ensure that tax income forever would Now the 1983 law, plus economic re- able to receive as much as they're pay- cover benefit outgo. covery, have restored solvency. In- ing." Paul G. Kirk, chairman of the As Congress improved benefits, it come of the trust funds exceeded Democratic National Committee has raised taxes. In the 1930s, workers outgo in 1984 by more than $6 billion. said Congress should consider limiting and employers each paid 1 percent of Social Security will survive the eco- or eliminating benefits of retirees the first $3,000 annual earnings. By nomic troubles. Congress already has "who don't really need them." 1985 the tax rate has soared to 5.7 legislated payroll tax increases past Social Security benefits have been percent of $39,600. The trust funds the year 2000. Further benefit reduc- paid for nearly a half-century, and through the 1960s were solvent, as tions will hinge on the economy's fu- there is no reason to worry that they solvency is denned in Washington. ture. If the economic problems are will not be paid in the foreseeable fu- Social Security is a pay-as-you-go resolved, Social Security faces demo- ture. But the benefits have begun to program. It remained solvent so long graphic troubles in the next century. shrink, and that's the real reason for America is aging. Life expectancy of bipartisan worry in Washington. males now is nearly 72 years and ACT OF FAITH—Social Security is based Social Security is Washington's females, 79 years. In 2000 it is pro- on a "contract between generations," biggest promise to the American jected at 75 years for males and 83 for whereby those who are healthy and em- people. Some 36 million retired or dis- females. The projections mean the ployed contribute to the pensions of those abled Americans last received ratio of to retirees will decline year no longer in the workforce. workers benefit checks totaling $180 billion. sharply. In 1980 there were five Some 119 million working-age Ameri- people of working age for every per- cans and their employers paid payroll son 65 or over. By 2030 the ratio will taxes adding up to $186 billion. be only 2.5 workers for each retiree. Social Security historically has been Future workers thus will have to pay a growing promise of larger benefits, higher taxes. No one knows whether earlier retirement and better medical future generations of workers will be care. Congress on a regular basis, has willing or able to support older Ameri- expressed with benefit improvements cans and their survivors, the disabled, its sense of social responsibility the infirm and the poor. toward' older Americans and their But Social Security always has been survivors, and toward the disabled. a social contract between generations. Workers have paid taxes in the belief Louis M. Kohlmeier Jr., a Washing- that they someday will collect bene- ton-based writer, earned the 1965 fits, and if that belief holds then Social Pulitzer Prize for national reporting. Security may endure indefinitely.

AUGUST 1985 25 ,

P.*.iiMi.ll liMwfflr^ IKtfcw 8 I if S5

Exposing The Big Lie of Moral Equivalence

pathic, totalitarian empire when we phobia, an unnecessary surrender? By John K. Andrews Jr. see one, be sharpened at all by this Part of the problem is America's latest warning from the Kremlin? short historical memory, sometimes These are important questions at a measured literally in months. Other are a forgiving time when U.S. -Soviet arms talks traits in our national character also AMERICANSand forgetful people when it have resumed, an "affable" new boss seem to work against us. Americans comes to moral distinctions sits in the Kremlin, defense cuts are are fair to a fault. We are determined between our system and the trumpeted as the cure for the deficit, to think the best of the other fellow. Soviet Union's. and millions have become persuaded We are painfully earnest about ac- Review the past five years: that it's not aggressor nations but knowledging our own faults and re- The Soviet Union brutally in- weapons themselves that cause wars. forming them. vades neighboring Afghanistan, but Forty years ago this year, the West These impulses are laudable and the ugly fact is soon obscured by won a desperate struggle against the healthy; but they can become almost media sophistries about U.S. actions Nazi totalitarianism of Adolf Hitler, a suicidal when mixed with a strong in Vietnam and Grenada. The KGB dose of 20th century secular reli- masterminds a plot to kill the pope; gion — distrust of all moral and this memory, too, fades quickly. spiritual absolutes, Utopian fantasies Soviet puppets declare martial law in "Why do we listen where the best becomes the enemy of Poland to crush the Solidarity move- politely to those the good, and selfish postponement of ment; Americans murmur but do not death at all costs. The result is our remember for long. descriptions of strange unwillingness to admit that Two hundred sixty-nine lives are "the evil empire" is exactly that, and lost when Russian MiGs shoot a Ko- Afghanistan as 'the our nagging worry that we might ac- rean commercial airliner out of the tually deserve the humiliation our sky, and some Americans blame South Russians' Vietnam?'" enemies demand of us. Korea. Andrei Sakharov is starved French author Jean-Francois Revel and drugged, his house made a virtual devotes an important new book to di- extension of the gulag; public attention man who told of his plans in a book the agnosing this sickness. "The distinc- is briefly roused in the West, then world refused to believe. Churchill tive mark of our century," he writes in turns elsewhere. called it "the unnecessary war." Now How Democracies Perish, "is the Then an American officer, U.S. we confront another totalitarian humility with which democratic civili- Army Maj. Arthur Nicholson, acting power — one that is more dangerously zation agrees to disappear and works within his rights under international armed than Nazi Germany or any to legitimize the victory of its mortal law, is gunned down in cold blood by a other power in history. Lenin's slave enemy." How unnatural, remarks Soviet soldier. And there is not even state was established before Hitler's, Revel, "that the targeted civilization an apology from Moscow. Will our and Lenin's design for putting the should not only judge that its defeat is memory be any longer this time? Will West to sleep and then swallowing it justified, but also provide its partisans our ability to tell good from evil be any was in print long before Mein Kampf. as well as its adversaries ample reason clearer than it was on all those other Why do we so stubbornly refuse to see to regard all forms of self-defense as occasions? Will our instinct for survi- the parallels? immoral, or at best superfluous and val, our ability to add up the evidence Why do we listen politely to those useless, if not downright dangerous." and recognize the menace of a psycho- descriptions of Afghanistan as "the If you think he is exaggerating, lis- Russians' Vietnam," agonize that the ten closer to those who call Nicaragua Soviet-Cuban offensive in Central and El Salvador "our" Lithuania and John K. Andrews America may be our fault, discuss Latvia. Listen as a pop singer says hopefully the prospects of reviving de- that Russians and Americans want Jr. , a former White House speech writ- tente (which was a cynical Soviet con peace but can't get it from their war- er, is now a private job the first time anyway)? Is it the like governments. consultant home- 1930s all over again? Will there be an- Yet the wheel turns. From a U.N. based in Colorado. other unnecessary war— or, given the ambassador in the 1970s who could call western world's irrational nuclear- Continued on page 59

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 2 2 ' , 1

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Health care legislation, h.r. 505, has tax veterans compensation had been dropped. This came as passed the House and another bill addressing the good news in the wake of a major Legion campaign to per- medical needs of aging veterans, S. 876, has been approved suade the administration that veterans compensation by the Senate Veterans Affairs Committee. The Senate and should remain tax free. House bills contain several different provisions which may Apart from the victory on veterans compensation, there make it difficult to come to agreement on a single bill for is one feature of the tax plan which is less encouraging to final passage later this year. the Legion. The plan would allow the Targeted Jobs Tax H.R. 505 would clarify the VA authority to provide re- Credit (see Veterans Deserve Good Jobs, page 38) to ex- spite and hospice care for veterans suffering from long- pire. The program permits employers to deduct a part of term chronic illnesses, enabling them to receive some care the income earned by economically disadvantaged veterans at home. The bill also would allow certain veterans in nurs- and others employed under the program. Rather than ing homes to receive outpatient care, and encourage the VA eliminating the program, the Legion is supporting legisla- to transfer certain patients from VA-run nursing homes to tion (H.R. 983 and S. 1250) to extend it for five years. non-VA homes. In addition, the VA could expand to 25 from Another provision the Legion is seeking to have added to 15 the number of Geriatric Research Education and Clinical any tax reform proposal is one which would allow both

Centers it operates. itemizing and non-itemizing taxpayers to claim tax deduc-

The Senate bill would prevent the VA from allowing reduc- tions for the miles driven in private vehicles during volun- tions in full-time health care employees below ceilings estab- teer activities. Currently, only itemizing taxpayers are lished by Congress. VA hospitals would be restricted to 700 permitted the deduction. beds to keep hospitals at a manageable size and allow more hospitals to be built. The VA would be required to keep statistics on hospital deaths resulting from heart surgery and President Reagan received the fol- kidney transplants. Another provision would permit the VA lowing wire from National Commander Clarence M. to contract for home health care services instead of hospital Bacon: "On behalf of the 2.7 million members of The Amer- care for certain ailments. Thus, a veteran who suffered a ican Legion, we recognize the challenges and frustrations stroke might be provided with someone to care for him, in- with which you are faced in your efforts to achieve a safe stead of having to enter a VA medical facility. release of the hostages from the TWA plane. Be assured that you have the support, as well as the prayers, of all of us in The American Legion. "We recognize that terrorism Immigration reform legislation, is a cancer on the world that must be eliminated. We share S. 1200, has been introduced this year by Senator Alan your deep concern for the safe release of all those hostages K. Simpson. As with past legislation, S. 1200 would provide and you have our continued support in whatever actions stiff civil penalties for employers who knowingly hire illegal you determine necessary." aliens. For verification of work eligibility status, the new measure would require employers to check standard iden- tification documents of all job applicants. The bill also calls According to the law, federal contractors for the establishment of a commission appointed by the with contracts valued at $10,000 or more are sup- President to determine whether employer sanctions and posed to list job openings with the employment service and verification have stemmed the flow of illegal aliens into the consider available qualified veterans before other job appli- country. If the commission found employer sanctions and cants. Unfortunately, things haven't worked out the way verification to be working, amnesty would be undertaken to Congress intended, and the law has never been adequately legalize the status of many illegals already in the country. enforced, creating a climate in which contractors have felt The American Legion has testified in support of em- free to ignore their obligations. In some cases the employ- ployer sanctions, but called upon Congress to strengthen ment service also has been a problem. A case in point the verification provisions by using a tamper-proof identifi- comes from a House Veterans Affairs subcommittee hear- cation system. Once again, this year the Legion has ex- ing held in California. A witness testified that local job pressed its adamant opposition to amnesty in any form, or offices were holding federal contract job listings for veteran for any reason. applicants for only two hours before opening up these job opportunities to all other job seekers. The American Legion has testified before the House's Edu- Tax reform has become a matter of cation, Training and Employment subcommittee, pointing out critical interest to The Amercian Legion since last that the affirmative action tools available to other groups are fall when the Department of Treasury released its plan to more effective in placing people in jobs than those of the overhaul the nation's tax laws. Under the Treasury plan, veterans and that affirmative action for veterans is meaning- veterans disability compensation would be taxable. In May less. As a solution, the Legion calls for equalizing affirmative when the President unveiled his tax plan, the proposal to action enforcement tools for all groups.

AUGUST 1985 35 —

National Cmdr. Clarence M. Bacon

M,l The Veterans' //i' 'Mv Advocate On Capitol Hill

Whether he's testifying before Con- gress or conferring with our nation's leaders, Cmdr. Bacon is working on behalf of all ofAmerica's veterans.

O SOONER had Clarence wide campaign against a growing veterans continue to receive medical M. Bacon taken com- threat to eliminate or reduce veterans' care and other benefits earned mand of the nation's benefits and medical programs. through service to their country. largest veterans organ- Through a special brochure mailed to Throughout a year-long schedule of ization, than he was at each congressman and state legislator, rigorous traveling, extensive planning full stride heading for Bacon succeeded in focusing attention and forceful leadership, the National the nation's capital on on the increasing ranks of America's Commander of The American Legion one of the many Wash- aging veterans. That attention em- continues to be an effective veterans' ington, D.C., trips he phasized the need to ensure that all advocate on Capitol Hill. Q would make throughout the year. In rapid-fire succession he testified on Capitol Hill before House and Sen- ate committees, met with cabinet and military leaders, and spoke face to face with members of Congress about Legion positions on a range of issues. During his stays in Washington, Bacon was briefed on national securi- ty, foreign relations and veterans' programs by cabinet secretaries and high-ranking staff members at the De- partment of Defense, Department of State and Veterans Administration. As National Commande«r, Bacon provided the leadership that set the tone for Legion legislative activities on Capitol Hill. These activities helped accomplish Legion-mandated pro- grams, including congressional ap- proval of the MX missile and appro- priation of funds to support the freedom-fighting Contras. FOREIGN POLICY Briefings from officials such as Secretary of State George P. Shultz Bacon also spearheaded a nation- contributed to Bacon's successful visits to Europe and Central and South America.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — — — —

TESTIMONY With Rep. Steny H. Hoyer at his side, Bacon voices Legion priorities to the House Veterans Affairs Committee.

NATION'S LEADER The National Commander introduces President and Mrs. Reagan at the "Salute to Heroes" inaugural ball, which The American Legion helped to host.

SENATE APPEARANCE After testimony to the Senate Veterans TWIN ADVOCATES A staunch fighter for veterans rights, House Affairs Committee, the National Commander discusses current Veterans Affairs Committee Chairman Rep. G.V. "Sonny" veterans benefit and employment Issues with Sen. Paul Sarbanes. Montgomery talks strategy with the Legion's leader.

AUGUST 1985 37 — AMERICA'S VETERANS DESERVE GOOD JOBS

ment and Training Service (VETS) We tightened our grant agreements By Donald E. Shasteen initiated three efforts to ensure that with the states for the Disabled Vet- our nation's veterans are receiving all erans' Outreach Program (DVOP) and possible services that we can deliver. the Local Veterans' Employment Rep- DISABLED Air Force vet- First, VETS began a nationwide proj- resentative (LVER) program, yet eran recently lost his job of 13 ect to increase the number of jobs we're serving more veterans than years. Despondent, he turned listed with the Job Service under the ever. In fiscal year 1984, the total Job A to his Job Service office. A Federal Contractor Job Listing pro- Service system, including our DVOPs week later, a federal contrac- gram. In March, the State of Alabama and LVERs, provided help to three tor requested several men for began using the Commerce Business million veterans, placing nearly a five-day job and the Job Daily computer service to report fed- 500,000 of them in jobs. For the pro- Service referred the veteran to the job eral contract awards, develop a list of gram year ending June 30, 1985, we site. He was offered a job at $4 per contracts awarded within each state, increased placements to about 550,000. hour. Within two hours, he was the Next year, VETS will set a still higher leader of the new crew but, better goal of placements with approximately than that, at the end of the day, he "Getting recently the same dollar resources. was offered permanent employment at The Emergency Veterans' Job $8 per hour. separated veterans Training Act (EVJTA), which the Sometimes, it's not easy to find the Labor Department and VA jointly into the workforce veteran a job. For example, an army administer, has done what it set out to veteran went to his local Job Service as soon as possible do — place in permanent jobs more office (located in each state, usually than 35,000 hard-core, long-term un- under the state department of em- is our primary goal" employed veterans. The EVJTA ployment), every day for a year look- reimburses employers up to $10,000 ing for work. Occasionally, he would for each eligible Korean War or get hired for some day-work, but and mail the information daily to the Vietnam-era veteran they have in an never got a real job offer. He finally states. Personal follow-up by Job on-the-job training position. left his home state of Oklahoma and Service employees in this effort will But the program also has been a went to Texas, but before long he was increase veteran jobs with companies success in ways that are not docu- back at the Job Service in Oklahoma. awarded federal contracts. mented. For example, through our He was now willing to enter group Second, VETS is strengthening its outreach efforts on behalf of EVJTA, counseling and, even though he had no efforts to increase counseling services we have achieved a tremendous in- resources, through his group he was for out-of-work veterans by establish- crease in employer awareness of the able to get a clean shirt, a haircut and ing closer working relationships and Job Service and its resource of a shave. He was hired at his next job cooperative agreements with VA field highly-qualified veteran job candi- interview and he's now training to be a counselors. Counseling resources are dates. Also, many veterans, eligible repairman for a cash register com- already in place, but there must be for EVJTA or not, have been placed in pany. Fortunately, neither the vet- better coordination so that veterans jobs by employers who were not in the eran representative at the Job Service can receive the maximum services. EVJTA program. nor the veteran gave up. Finally, we are working to help re- The Job Service continues to be our America's veterans deserve jobs cently separated veterans make a most valuable partner in the process of productive, self-fulfilling, family sup- smooth transition from the military to informing employers about the advan- porting jobs. Our task at the productive lives in the civilian labor tages of hiring veterans under the Department of Labor is to provide force. Working with the Department Targeted Jobs Tax Credit program. whatever assistance it takes to get of Defense and the VA, the project That program is designed to encour- them these jobs. will establish a uniform system for age private corporations to hire Viet- This year, the Veterans' Employ- orientation, briefing and pre- nam veterans, the handicapped and separation counseling for persons disadvantaged youth. The program ac- being separated from military service. counted for 29,000 placements of eco- Getting recently separated veterans nomically disadvantaged Vietnam-era I Donald E. Shasteen into the work force quickly is our pri- veterans in the past fiscal year. I is the Department of mary goal. Monetary savings would We are excited about providing our |jl Labor's assistant obviously be achieved. nation's veterans with the employment 1 secretary Vet- v2. for In the past two years, we improved assistance they need. That's the least erans Employment H^^H the delivery of services to veterans, we can do to repay our veterans for *Hfl| and Training. and are giving our veterans and our the sacrifices they made to keep taxpayers "more bang for the buck." America free and safe.

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE LEGION NEWS

LEGION-COLUMBIA U. STUDY VETERANS REVEALS EFFECTS OF COMBAT ADVISER By National Cmdr. Clarence M. Bacon Do you have questions concerning your veterans 1 benefits? The American LITTLE more than two years bat vets appears to be $3,000-$4,000 Legion Magazine will answer as many ago, The American Legion and less than men of that age group who as possible in this column. We regret Columbia University launched did not experience intense combat. that we are unable to provide a per- a study into the effects of serv- • Exposure to intense combat condi- sonal response to each query. Write to ice by American veterans during the tions was found to have an effect on The American Legion Magazine, Vet- "Vietnam era. The long-awaited find- marital status. Men who experienced erans Adviser Editor, P.O. Box 1055, ings now are becoming available. intense combat have a divorce rate Indianapolis, IN 4.6206. In the first report, released late last much higher than other vets who month, Drs. Jeanne and Steven served in Southeast Asia under other Stellman, the project directors, re- conditions or who served elsewhere. vealed some significant post-service • Direct measures of general happi- Qi I am a woman veteran with differences between Americans who ness and satisfaction and reports of four years of service during the experienced combat in Southeast Asia general health are significantly worse Korean War. Am I entitled to medi- and those who served during the "Viet- for men who served under heavy com- cal care from the VA? nam era, but not in combat. bat conditions. The strongest differ- Yes, if you have an illness or in- The study group consisted entirely ences were observed among men born A. jury incurred in military service, of American Legion volunteers from in the years 1944-1949. you are entitled to treatment or hos- six departments. These volunteers The Stellmans have concluded that pitalization. Eligibility for non- were selected from a list of 85,000 the men born between the years 1944 service-connected treatment is based Legionnaires randomly chosen from and 1949 were the group with the larg- on availability of space and financial those departments' membership rolls. est percentage serving in Southeast need, except for veterans over 65. Of the 12,500 members identified as Asia. This was also the group that ex- Vietnam-era veterans, more than 6,800 perienced the most damaging condi- responded to the call for the study. Of tions of war. Qb I have been approved to attend that group, approximately 40 percent "Our analysis shows a clear and con- college under the VA Vocational saw duty in Southeast Asia. sistent adverse social effect of expo- Rehabilitation and Counseling With the combat and non-combat sure to traumatic situations (combat) Program. Does the VA pay for my groups identified, the Stellmans and among members of the study popula- tuition and books? approximately 1,000 Legion volunteer tion. Specifically, we find that as the A Yes. The VA pays the college di- researchers began to gather data and mean level of traumatic combat experi- rectly for the cost of tuition, fees then analyze what they found. The ences rises so does the divorce rate. and books for a disabled veteran who focus of this initial report was on in- Conversely, annual family income de- is pursuing a vocational rehabilitation come, divorce rate, educational attain- clines as do the reported levels of program. ment and reported levels of general general happiness and satisfaction happiness and satisfaction. with increased levels of combat," the It has been a time-consuming proc- Stellmans said. Qb May a veteran who receives a ess. Here are some of the first findings: Because of this and other findings, monthly check for service-con- • Within the total study group the the report noted: "It shows that it is nected disabilities be granted an various educational levels attained by necessary to differentiate among men additional allowance for depen- veterans is not related to exposure to who served in Southeast Asia on the dents? combat conditions. basis of actual wartime experience in — Veterans whose service-con- • As with the general American order to demonstrate some of the major A> nected disabilities are rated at 30 population, veterans in the study effects of service. percent or more are entitled to an ad- group with higher educations earned This is the first of several study re- ditional allowance for dependents. more, whether combat veteran or not. ports which will be released during the • But, when age and education are coming year. Other analyses will ad- taken into account, exposure to in- dress attitudes and experiences involv- Q> How long does a veteran have tense combat has a major independent ing VA medical care; Post-Traumatic to use VA education benefits under effect on family income. The Stellmans Stress Disorder: relations, if any, to ex- the old GI Bill? estimate that among men born in the posure to Agent Orange; and family and _ Ten years from the date of sep- years 1944-1949 (the age group which reproductive health and well-being of A» aration from active duty or until experienced the highest combat levels) the study group. Dec. 31, 1989, whichever comes first. the middle annual income level of com- Legion News continued on page U6

AUGUST 1985 39 —1 1

LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION

battle involved, gale-force winds, ever- From monuments honoring the nation's present snow, and the remoteness and heroes, to American flags standing in silent altitude of the site. However, veteran Raymond H. Swentek, whose brother vigil, Legionnaires paid Memorial Day tributes Lt. Edward T. Swentek was one of the nine, has found a bush pilot who to "the other Legion that did not return." says he can fly into the site and extract the remains. To raise funds for the expedition, Swentek has organized he fallen are often forgot- at the Lakeview Cemetery. ices While a tax-exempt public trust at L'Enfant ten, and those return are fre- the event participants 10 who drew few Plaza, P.O. Box 23490, Washington, however, this quently ignored. Today, years ago, year more than 200 DC 20026. we acknowledge all debts to these persons from 12 veterans' organ- men and women." izations attended. This Memorial Day homage was Kenny Grafton helped raise $12,000 %J Id, , veterans never die written by a 17-year-old high school to erect on Memorial Day a marble . . .they just keep serving The senior in Rockingham, N.C., as part of monument containing the names of American Legion," is the philoso- a special tribute to I county residents who gave their lives phy of 89-year-old Elmer E. Kuhs. area veterans. The during World Wars I and II, Korea A Navy veteran of full text was in- and Vietnam. Grafton, a member of World War I, Kuhs scribed on a bronze Harford Post 39, Bel Air, Md., and joined the Legion in plaque and at- chairman of the War Memorial com- 1919 and was com- tached to a marble _ mittee of Legionnaires and VFW mander of Post 40 in monument erected ?'*ir" members, coordinated county-wide ef- 1946. When that post on the lawn of the Richmond County forts to raise the funds. disbanded , Kuhs Courthouse. Legionnaire James B. joined Quentin Standridge Jr., Post 49, was chairman Roosevelt Post 1, St. jTml 17-year-old vision of city of the Richmond County Veterans Louis, Mo. He still maintains a busi- streets filled with American flags Council that hosted the event. He said ness and can be found daily in his in noble tribute to America's mili- the statue — a bust of a local soldier office. He drives to work every day tary heroes has become a reality for from World War II — honors past, and is active in other civic organ- Crawford-Hale American Legion Post present and future local veterans. izations. Under his direction, the post 92, Vandalia, 111. E. Dale Slater said Legionnaires at Gardner Post 129, raised $1,200 for child welfare pro- his post began building its avenue of Gardner, Mass., celebrated their grams. For the past 20 years he has flags in 1968. For each flag donated, Memorial Day in similar fashion by served as treasurer for the St. Louis the post furnishes pole and brass erecting a special black granite monu- a a Past Commanders Club. This year plaque on which is inscribed the name ment dedicated to Vietnam-era veter- Kuhs was elected Post 1 commander, of the veteran, branch of service, war, ans. Local citizens helped to pay for and is fulfilling all the duties of the and donor's name. The post has in- the monument. commander in addition to running his than in its Al Sirat Grotto Post 392, Cleveland, vested more $13,000 nearly business. Ohio, continued a decade-long tradi- 700 American, state and foreign flags, tion of conducting Memorial Day serv- which are displayed on Memorial Day and other patriotic occasions. What- ^ laying the numbers and still ever the event, it has become such a going strong is Edgar C. (Tom) Ac- popular tradition that CBS News re- ton, since 1919 a member of Gillen ported on the flags a few years ago. Post 33, Bedford, Ind. Acton, 86 has Glen Pederson Post 1 in Spencer, been married for 68 Iowa, also has had an avenue of flags years to the same program for community and post woman; has been aj ' :• members since 1963. The post started Legionnaire nearly 67 with 90 flags, and has built its patri- years; rode bikes and

I I t Mtiiuii.if 4 tt t » • , otic inventory into a 694-flag collec- motorcycles for 55 tion. years; operated his own wholesale fruit and vegetable busi- JL n 1948, in the rugged wilds of ness for 21 years; worked as a used car Vancouver Island, B.C., a U.S. salesman for 33 years; and has lived in LIBERTY FACELIFT Through card par- Navy aircraft with nine crewmem- the same house for 46 years. ties, donation cans in local businesses and bers crashed into a mountain. When other fund-raising projects, Leonard the wreckage was discovered years Hughes, Buddy Pockett and members of later, attempts recover the remains nthusiasm and genius were Post 49, Fair Haven, Vt, joined forces In a to E labor of love to raise $1,000 for the Statue were considered by government offi- the twin pillars of success that of Liberty restoration fund. cials, but dismissed because of the cost earned Gus Albrecht the Missouri

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

Department's honor award for his get 17 acres of land donated to the outstanding contributions. A 1919 team for its use. charter member of Rucker-McAllister Wilson does equally well in the Boys LEGIONNAIRE Post 7, Brunswick, Mo., Albrecht State program, an assignment he's chaired the post finance and member- enjoyed for 21 years. He's established OF THE MONTH ship committees almost continuously a permanent Boys State position in for 50 years. He helped achieve an local schools. He gets five delegates All-time-high of 578 members im- sponsored annually and ensures the mediately following World War II. Al- 30 to 40 students bound for Boys though membership has declined State each year get a free send-off mainly through natural attrition, it breakfast. remains a strong 306, Albrecht also served as the third and final drum embership is the fuel that major of the post's drum and bugle M runs Wilburn Moore's universe. corps of World War I veterans. His Described by fellow Legionnaires greatest achievement was to raise during $65,000 to build The American Legion as a "high achiever" his more than 30 years with hall in Brunswick. the Legion, Moore has held every elective position in Post 49, M t's called "Big Sky Country," Athens, Ala., includ- but Montana has many other attri- Finis Gold ing his current posi- butes to crow about, especially two tion as commander. dynamo Legionnaires at Hellgate WE had more men like Although in Post 27 in Missoula, who, between active Boys State and 111 Finis Gold, we'd have them, have 73 years of Legion experi- 200,000 Legionnaires in oratorical programs, Moore has ence. John Wilson, with 33 years in made IFMissouri. I can't think of his mark in membership recruitment. the post, and Fred Burnell, with 40 anyone more deserving of He averages more than 100 members years in the Legion and 24 in the post, being named Legionnaire of per year, a record he's maintained for have been through all post positions, the Month than Finis," said more than 20 years. plus many district, department and Dept. Adj. Lloyd A. Foulkrod. national appointments. A World War II veteran and charter Burnell is the creative genius behind D ashing boldly through the member of Nixa Memorial Post 434, the post's successful baseball program. deadly skies of war-torn France, a Gold was post commander in the '50s. The team won the state championship gallant World War I American Asked to retake command in 1984, last year for the first time since 1942. flying ace, Lt. Howard C. Knotts, with membership at 86, he agreed only Under his direction, more than displayed extreme grace under if post members and the Auxiliary annually is $30,000 raised to support pressure at the controls of his British would work to recruit members from the team, and last year he managed to Sopwith Camel as he coolly dispatched among Korean War and Vietnam War eight enemy fighters. When he was veterans. shot down and be- By June 1985, post membership had |^'"''Wgfi|p^B^| came a temporary increased to 126 and included 23 Viet- POW, he managed nam veterans signed up by Gold, to destroy seven Foulkrod said. more planes on the Gold has been a service officer for 33 ground. His dare- years, a member of the National Vet- devil escapades got erans Preference Committee for seven him shot down years, and has served one term as dis- twice, wounded trict commander and two terms as vice twice and cited for gallantry and ex- commander. ceptional bravery twice. After the As clerk of the Nixa American war, Knotts became a founding Legion Rural Fire Dept., he worked member of Springfield Post 32, on campaigns to upgrade the town's Springfield 111., and one of the nation's emergency equipment, and he per- leading experts in civil aviation law. sonally raised $5,500 for needy He also produced the first complete families at Christmas time 1984. WHEELS OF HOPE Helping veterans to aeronautical code in the United States. "I don't know of any post in the achieve Independence Is one of the alms To keep the memory of Knotts and his state that has more community in- of Post 262, Cloquet, Minn., which do- alive, local volvement than Nixa Memorial," said nated a much-needed wheelchair to Clar- achievements Post 32 and ence Krler. On hand to deliver the chair community members dedicated a Foulkrod. "Gold has done an outstand- were Merit Walt (left), post service officer, memorial lounge in his name at the ing job." and Post Cmdr. Luke Anderson. Springfield Airport.

AUGUST 1985 41 I^~whI I Wl I I RHm IWIIwi « I I I

Posf 128, Sidney, Iowa Rodeo Changes Life in Town \ I OW about a rodeo?" labor throughout Fremont County, con- "The town and the post both need |1 That suggestion in 1924 tributing significantly to the success of each other's help to make things HLJb brought skepticism and post and community projects. work," Schaaf said. "We get along VI laughter to the meeting of Post Cmdr. Hawley Schaff said the well. The chamber of commerce helps S I Williams-Jobe-Gibson Post town let the post build rodeo stands us by sponsoring the parade and color 128 in Sidney, Iowa, but 61 overlapping city land. The post, in guard competition, and the churches H H annual rodeos later Sidney turn, designated some of its rodeo help us by sponsoring dinners to raise calls itself "Rodeo Town U.S.A." and grounds for use as a city park, which money for our projects. It takes the post is a keystone of the community. is maintained by Legionnaires who $125,000 each year to sponsor the An unheard-of event in Iowa in the volunteer their time and equipment to rodeo." '20s, the rodeo was suggested as a supplement the post's mower. Although a profitable enterprise means to provide entertainment for during most of its years, the rodeo has the Grand Army of the Republic re- lost money the past two years because union and encampment, held annually "The town shuts down, of the area's depressed economy. But near Sidney since 1889. Schaaf said he is optimistic that this The Sidney Rodeo today is a cham- stores are closed year's event on Aug. 7 to 11 will be pionship event in a 9,000-seat stadium more profitable. He said he is sanctioned by the Professional Rodeo and the bank presi- enthusiastic about more assistance Cowboys Association. It draws 250 to coming from nearby communities. is helping 350 contestants to the week-long com- dent out Schaaf said he is pleased by the way petition in this town of 1,200 people, to sell tickets" people are supporting the rodeo. "A and has become a focus for cooperation few years ago, there were some and community effort that has spread jealousies, and other towns wouldn't to nearby towns in Fremont County. The post also has donated land to do anything with us, but now that we Iowa Dept. Adj. James R. Quinlan the city for a swimming pool and to need the help they have all gotten be- estimated that 95 percent of the town- the county for Fremont County 4-H hind us, he said." ship's eligible veterans belong to the fairs. Working together, Legionnaires The rodeo is not the only post activ- 336-member post. He described the and community members built six ity, although it helps fund other activ- post as "a magnet" because it draws buildings on the donated land for 4-H ities and keeps its members involved members from nearby towns and from activities. in other projects, which include annua! towns in bordering states, professional This sharing escalates during Au- sponsorship of four to six students for cowboys from other states, and former gust each year when the rodeo hits Boys State; a Christmas party for area residents of Sidney who return an- town. Schaaf said rodeo activities so pre-school children; making Christmas nually to work in the rodeo. dominate the community that "The "care" packages for residents of the Quinlan said the post's "unique excel- town shuts down, stores are closed Knoxville, Iowa, veterans home; mak- lent rapport with the community" has and the bank president is out helping ing regular visits to a nearby institu- made possible a sharing of property and to sell tickets. tion for the mentally handicapped; and helping with entertainment programs at the veterans hospital in Omaha, Neb., 50 miles away. Volunteers at the Omaha hospital are given free, front-row tickets to the rodeo and special recognition during the events. The post also sponsors baseball teams for all ages. Volunteers work the games to raise $800 to match the same amount from the chamber of com- merce for team uniforms. Schaaf said that what really makes the rodeo and other post projects pos- sible is the continuous working rela- tionship between Legionnaires and the community. "I hardly ever hear an argument," he said. "We're a close- knit bunch of people who realize that RODEO TIME — Post 128 flag bearers lead the Sidney, Iowa, band In parade to open the we need each other to make our com- annual rodeo. This year's rodeo, Aug. 7-11, will be the 62nd. munity a success."

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — —

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VETERANS ALERT

242-5153 HQ&HQ Btry., 13th F.A. Brigade (Oct-Fayetteville, NC) 530th, 560th, 561st, 562nd, 686th Aircraft Warning Kenneth Williams, 22 Eldorado St., Toms River, NJ OUTFIT REUNIONS Cos. (Oct-St. Louis) Vincent Long, 5964 Berkley, St. 08757 Louis, MO 63134 IV Corps HDQ's Assn. (Oct-St. Louis) Marvin Seigel, Guidelines— Outfit Reunion notices are published 534th AAA Bn. (Aug-Alton, IL) Harold Rayfield, 56 11103 Riazza Sq., St. Louis, MO 63138 for Legionnaires only and must be submitted on offi- Rayfield Ln., St. Charles, MO 63303 (314) 441-6367 Light Horse Sq. 105th Cavalry (Sept-Milwaukee) Robert cial forms. To obtain forms, send a self-addressed, 550th AAA AW Bn., 3rd Army WWII (Oct-Westfield, NY) Dix, 2836 N. 46th St., Milwaukee, Wl 53210 stamped envelope to O.R. Form, The American Legion Vince Calarco, 112 E. Main. Westfield. NY 14787 Los Angeles MP Organ. (Sept-Ft. Wayne, IN) Thurman Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. (716) 326-2320 Williams, 1165 Holgate Ave., Maumee, OH 43537 (419) Notices must be received at least seven months before 551st QM Rid. Co. WWII (Aug-Seattle) Leroy Levens, 893-6471 reunions are scheduled and will be published only on a 5013 J Pky., Sacramento, CA 95823 Military Railway Serv. Vets. WWII (Sept-Milwaukee) Don first-come, first-served basis. 625th Ordn. Ammo Co. (Aug-Canton, OH) M. J. Chat- Hughes, 422 Harrison Ave., No. Mankato, MN 56001 terelli, Box 362, Beach City, OH 44608 NAMWON, Korea EX-POWs (Sept.) Andy Anderson, 1st Conv. Hospital (Sept-Grinnell, IA) Richard Park, 626th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Bedford, MA) Fred 1009 Washington St., Leavenworth, KS 66048 (913) Box E, Victor, IA 52347 (319) 647-2221 White, 18 Spring Park Ave., Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 682-1137 1st Sig. Assn., 7th Army (Sept-Columbus, OH) John 635th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Topeka. KS) Ray S.I.S. (Australia, New Guinea, Luzon) (Oct-Louisville, Hinkle, 4274 Rudy Rd., Columbus, OH 43214 (614) Spangler, 2762 SE Granger, Topeka. KS 66605 (913) KY) Grace DeJarnette, 1205 Castlewood Ave., Louis- 451-3833 267-1619 ville, KY 40204 (502) 451-8494 4th Ivy Inf. Dlv. (OH Chapter) (Oct-Colubus, OH) Elmer 693rd M.G., AW, AB (Aug-Wauseon. OH) Dale Lantz, Society of the Third Inf. Dlv. (Sept-Tampa, FL) Col. J. S. Klaus, 2397 Bennett Rd., Madison, OH 44057 (216) Archbold, OH 43502 (419) 445-6441 Cole, 2350 Middlecoff Dr., Dunedin, FL 33528 428-1983 698th Engr. Maint. Co. (Aug-Ft. Carson, CO) W. R. Station Hospital (Ft. Bragg) (Nov-Fayetteville, NC) 5th Arm'd Dlv. (Midwest) (Sept-Grand Island, NE) Austin, 404 1st Ave., NW, B4A, Dodge Center, MN Remus Adams, 4004 Karen Lake Dr., Fayetteville, NC James Burrell, 9245 Rochester, Topeka, KS 66617 55927 (507) 374-2316 28303 (919) 867-0841 (913) 288-1534 704th Tank Destroyer Bn. Assn. (Oct-Bastogne, Bel- U.S. Army Hospital Ship Thistle (Oct-Charleston, SC) 10th Mtn. Dlv. (Nov-Charleston, SC) Charles Hunt, 210 gium) Richard Bowman, 71 Rt. 25A, Smithtown. NY Donald Holte, Box 656. Surf City, NC 28445 (919) 328- Claxton Dr., Greenville, SC 29611 11787 (516) 265-2560 1702 10th Mtn. Dlv. (New England Chapter-WWII) (Sept-Mt. 721st Engr. Depot Co. (Sept-Baltimore) Allen Hamel, Y-Force, FATC (CBI) (Sept-San Francisco) Jack Sweet, Sunapee, NH) H. H. Richards, Rt. 1, Box 79H. Center 7007 Coolridge Dr., Camp Springs, MD 20031 (301) Box 325, Kentfield, CA 94904 (415) 461-5526 Harbor, NH 03226 (603) 253-6135 449-5610 14th F.A. Observ. Bn. (Sept-St. Paul, MN) Nick Kenitz, 733rd Engr. Depot Co. (Oct-Nashville, TN) Nick 312 2nd Street East, Wabasha, MN 55981 (612) 565- Biesecker, 8239 Elaine Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15237 Navy 3827 745th Tank Bn. WWII (Oct-Oakbrook, IL) A. G. Spencer, 15th Major Port T.C. (Oct-Cincinnati) Roland Schaef- 760 Glen Ave., Marseilles, IL 61341 (815) 795-4838 544- fer, 1805 Sybil Ct., St. Louis, MO 63125 (314) 749th Tank Bn. (Midwest) (Aug-Dayton, OH) Robert 18th Special N.C.B. (Oct- Virginia Beach, VA) John Taylor, 2262 Myers, Box 35. Englewood, OH 45322 (513) 836-5995 2304 Turnpike Rd. Portsmouth, VA 23704 (804) 393- 19th Combat Engrs. WWII (Oct- Alexandria, LA) Mahlon 749th, 756th Tank Bns. Assn. (Oct-Fresno, CA) George 4017 Campbell, 307 Rogers Rd., Norristown, PA 19403 (215) Montgomery, 11625 W. Barstow Ave., Fresno. CA 35th Seabees (Aug-Providence, Rl) Phil Silver, 924 Strat- 539-9140 93705 (209) 266-2958 ford Ct., Westbury, NY 11590 (516) 334-3424 24th Sig. HV Constr. Bn. (Aug-Wooster, OH) Ted Mar- 820th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Ft. Mitchell, KY) 107th Seabees (Aug-Vincennes. IN) John Kornfeind, 613 tin, Killbuck, OH 44637 (216) 276-6430 George Verbeke, 16085 Veronica, East Detroit, Ml Elm Ct., Spooner, Wl 54801 (715) 635-8302 27th Dlv. (Sept-Kerhonkson, NY) Joe Nader, 125 Elliott 48021 (313) 779-8046 Composlt Sq. VC 90 (Oct-Orlando, FL) R. A. Wilkens, 14 Ave., Yonkers, NY 10705 824th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Hicksville. NY) H. Lizak. Chesney Ct.. Palm Coast, FL 32037 32nd General Hospital WWII (Sept-St. Louis) Ralph 24 Coachman Ln., Levittown, NY 11756 (516) 796- National Yeomen (F) (Aug-New Orleans) Anne Kendig, Baker, 1 Elwood Lane, Hagerstown, MD 21740 (301) 4853 67 Ocean Bay Club Dr.. Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33308 739-3889 825th T.D. Bn. (all companies) (Oct-Knoxville, TN) Seabee Vets of America (Aug-Ft. Lauderdale, FL) Ben

40th Combat Engrs. Assn. (Natl.) (Aug-Arlington. VA) Elmer Berry, Rt. 1, Box 6825, Fairview Rd., Corryton. Ladenthin, 225 SW 1 1th Ct., Pompano Beach, FL 33060 George Weiler Jr., 1753 Tamarack St., So. Mil- TN 37721 (615) 687-7915 (305) 781-4237 waukee, Wl 53172 (414) 764-4697 853rd Engr. AVN Bn. WWII (Sept-Dayton, OH) Rodney USS Aquarius AKA 16 (1944-45) (Aug-Washington) Larry 40th Station Hospital WWII (Oct-Kansas City. MO) Art Berger, 11815 Wakeley Plaza, #11, Omaha, NE 68154 Pelletier. 8660 Devonshire Ct. #103, Manassas. VA Sawyer, 402 Herrick Park Dr., Tecumseh, Ml 49286 (402) 330-1632 22110 (517) 423-2695 945th F.A. Bn. (Nov-Des Moines, IA) George Buck, 726 USS Belknap APD 34 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Richard 45th Inf. Dlv. Recon. Troop WWII (Sept-Oklahoma City) 50th St., Des Moines, IA 50312 (515) 255-4269 Nitkulinec, 304 Congress Ave., Johnstown, PA 15905 Harvey York, 812 N. 2nd, Marlow, OK 73055 (405) 974th, 975th F.A. Bns. (Aug-Pennsylvania) James (800) 255-4455 658-3090 McDonald, Rt. 1, Grampian, PA 16838 (814) 583-7478 USS Blackhawk, Assigned Destroyer Dive. (Sept- 55th QM Base Depot Assn. (Oct.) Forrest Ingram, 856 1905th Engr. AVN Bn. (Aug-Baton Rouge, LA) Winston Kansas City, KS) G. H. Mason. 5112 21st St. NE, Puyal- Mendoza Dr., Kissimmee, FL 32758 (305) 933-0945 Carroll. 7186 Government St., Baton Rouge, LA lup, WA 98372 (206) 863-8666 65th Dlv. (Sept-Charleston. SC) Fred Cassata. 123 Dor- 70806 (504) 927-1060 USS Brooklyn CL 40 Hist. Soc. Inc. (Sept-Green Bay, chester Rd., Buffalo, NY 14213 (716) 886-2960 3440th Ordn. MAM Co. (Oct-Saginaw, Ml) Maurice Mel- Wl) Anton Pflanzer, 841 Nicolet Ave.. Green Bay, Wl 75th Station Hospital (Sept-Lancaster. PA) Edward lor, 1466 Coolidge Blvd., Saginaw, Ml 48603 (517) 54304 Dickson, 433 Sycamore Rd., West Reading, PA 1961 793-5054 USS Canberra CA 70/CAG 2 (Sept-Brisbane, Australia) (215) 376-9657 3518th Ordn. MAM Co. (Aug-Ft. Mitchell, KY) Forrest Jerry Der Boghosian. 168 Blake St., Lewiston, ME 89th Dlv. Soc. WWII (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) E. C. Webster, 869 Rosewood Dr.. Villa Hills, KY 41017 04240 (207) 782-5211 Buchanan, 2419 37th St.. Des Moines, IA 50310 (515) (606) 341-8931 USS Carina AK 74 (Sept-Minneapolis) Joe Commerford, 255-0736 "A" Btry., 93rd AAA Gun Bn. (Sept-Marquette, Ml) 2828 38th Ave. So., Minneapolis, MN 55406 94th Sig. Bn. (Aug-Phoenix, AZ) Lester Sell, 401 E. Raymond LaCosse, Box 693, Stambaugh, Ml 49964 USS Chemung AO 30 (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Ralph Seifert, Echo Ln„ Phoenix, AZ 85020 (602) 944-3053 (906) 265-9529 Box 762, Asbury. NJ 08802

112th Sta. Hosp . 263rd Gen. Hosp. (Calcutta) (Nov- "A" Co., 30th Engrs. Topo Bn. H&S Co., 655th Engrs. USS Coates DE 685 (Oct-Newport, Rl) Charles Katan, 5 Dayton, OH) Keith Straight, 1521 S. 29th St., LaCrosse. Topo Bn., Cadres (Sept-Newburgh, NY) Bill Tilden Rd., Danbury. CT 06810 (203) 748-3036 Wl 54601 (608) 788-0461 McClurg, 330 Fostertown Rd., Newburgh, NY 12550 USS Delta AR 9 (Aug-Poughkeepsie, NY) Joe Liguori, 25 131st QM Truck Co. (Oct-Pottsville, PA) Howard Long, (914) 564-2970 Wasson Dr., Poughkeepsie, NY 12603 (914) 297-7604 437 Pine St., Shoemakersville, PA 19555 (215) 562- "A" Co., 387th Regt., 97th Inf. Dlv. (Aug.) Charles USS Eldorado (Nov-Rochester, NY) Robert Persichitti, 7881 Hunt. 10686 Creeknoll Ct., Cincinnati, OH 45242 903 S. Lincoln Rd., East Rochester, NY 14445 (716) 147th Engr. Vet. Assn. (Oct-Louisville. KY) Les Detrick, (513) 791-1353 586-6984 508 W. 9th St., Marion, IN 46953 (317) 664-8281 "B" Btry., 449th AAA AW Bn. (Oct-Rocky Hill, CT) John USS Emmons DD457/DMS 22 (Oct-Pennsylvania) David 164th Inf., II Island Command, 294th AGF Band (Oct- Markoya, 1083 Capitol Ave., Bridgeport, CT 06606 Jensen, 87-26 259th St., Floral Park. NY 11001 Fargo, ND) Art Nix, 1012 6th Ave., So., Moorehead, (203) 336-2000 USS Escambia AO 80 (Sept-Sacramento) Virgil Grier, MN 56560 (218) 233-3883 "B" Co., 604th Ordn. Bn. (Aug-Kansas City, MO) Victor 2144 S. Everett, Wichita, KS 67213 (316) 943-0526 204th F.A. Bn. (Korea-1951-53) (Aug-Salt Lake City) Liddle, 3605 Blue Ridge Blvd., Independence, MO USS Gambler Bay CVE 73 (Oct-Nashville, TN) Tony John Richardson, Rt. 21, Palmyra, NY 14522 (315) 64052 (816) 353-6890 Potochniak, 1100 Holly Ln., Endicott, NY 13760 (607) 597-961 "C" Btry., 67th AAA Gun Bn. (Oct-Providence, Rl) Tim 748-3284 260th Arty. Assn. (Oct-Clinton, MD) James Roberts. Sullivan, 49 Moss St., Fall River, MA 02720 (617) USS Grayson DD 435 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Frank Erdos, 5808 Larpin Ln., Alexandria, VA 22310 (703) 971-4642 679-6149 2310 Canal Bluff PI., Sarasota, FL 33581 (813) 921- 311th Ordn. Depot Co. (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Jack "C" Btry., 112th Gun Bn. WWII (Nov-Falmouth, MA) 3265 Scott, Box 961, Princeton, WV 24740 (304) 425-8051 Robert Ruthven, 61 Cedar Knolls, Branford, CT USS Jarvis DD 799 (Oct-lndianapolis) Robert Becker, Box 328th Inf. WWII (Oct.) Bob Clapp, IN CT 208 Aspinwall Ave , 06405 2451, Kokomo. 46902 Brookline, MA 02146 "C" Btry., 389th F.A. Bn. (Oct-Peru, IN) Rolland Maus, USS Johnston DD 557, USS Hoel DD 553 (Oct-St. Louis)

359th S/L Bn. AAA (Sept-Bedford, PA) C. R. Zielinski, Rt. 1, Denver, IN 46926 (317) 985-2466 R. M. Billie, Rt. 7, Box 655, Alexandria, MN 5T308 6015 Fullerton Ave., Cleveland, OH 44105 "D" Btry., 460th AAA (Aug-Ft. Wayne, IN) Frank Ring- USS Lardner DD 487 (Aug-Madison, Wl) Wallact Bulgrin, 5i>3-3857 386th AAA AW Bn. WWII (Oct-Gloversville, NY) ler, 51636 E. Gatehouse Dr., South Bend, IN 46637 428 Robert St., Ft. Atkinson, Wl 53538 (414) Matthew Russo, 14 3rd Ave., Gloversville, NY 12708 (219) 277-1536 USS LSM 40 (Aug-Pittsburgh) E. L. Fitzpatrick, 250 E. (518) 725-4065 "F" Co., 156th Inf., 31st Dlv. (Nov-Breaux Bridge, LA) Colorado, La Grange, TX 78945 (409) 968-3340 445th Ordn. HAM Co. (Sept-Lexington, OK) Leroy Law, Wayne Savoy, Box 156, Breaux Bridge, LA 70517 USS LSM 83 (Sept-Terre Haute, IN) Leonard Snyder, Rt. 3, Box 175, Lexington, OK 73051 (405) 872-3052 (318) 332-2925 2227 1st Ave., Terre Haute, IN 47807 (812) 232-2505 E. 502nd AAA Bn. (Sept-Gettysburg, PA) James Seibert, "H" Co., 389th Inf., 98th Dlv. WWII (Oct-Orlando, FL) Bill USS LSM 133 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Lyell Wegner, 302 1310 Valley View Ave., Wheeling, WV 26003 (304) Bray. 34A Bruan PI., Clifton, NJ 07012 Wilson, Elmhurst, IL 60120

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE USS LST 325 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Chet Conway, 233 Oak- Langhill Dr., Hacienda, CA 91745 (213) 330-9627 wood St., Hammond, IN 46324 (219) 933-7558 830th Bomb Sq. (Oct-Brownsville, TX) Lyle Talbott, 310 USS LST 588 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Jim Barger, 6520 Post Mohican Dr., Crooksville, OH 43731 (614) 982-2816 LET'S GET TOGETHER Town Rd., Dayton, OH 45426 (513) 854-2156 Martin Prov. Grp. Assn. (B17-WWII) (Aug-Dayton, OH) USS LST 611 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Ted Brand, 620 Ed Sexton, 472 W. Union St., E. Bridgewater, MA 02333 Notices of proposed reunions will be published on a Montgomery Ave., Chambersburg, PA 17201 (717) Woman's Army Corps Vets Assn. (Sept-Kissimmee, FL) first-come, first-served basis. Requests for inclusion 263-1355 Fern Hunter, 1695 Lee Rd., #A101, Winter Park, FL must list the unit name, branch of service, contact USS LST 851 (Sept-Springfield, IL) Sidney Zeilstra, 18906 32789 name, address, including zip code and American Wildwood Ave., Lansing, IL 60438 (312) 895-6253 Legion membership card number. Submit your request USS Manchester CL 83 (Aug-Manchester, NH) Frank Hel- to: "Let's Get Together," The American Legion Maga- fenberger, 13340 19th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98125- zine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 4115 Air Force USS P.G.M. 25 (Oct.) Robert Rogers, 1740 Highland Pky., St. Paul, MN 55116 699-0674 (612) 7th, 19th, 28th LSS (Oct-Harlingen, TX) Paul Schlachter, Army USS Russell DD 414 (Oct-San Diego) Walter Singleterry, 608 Richmond, Norman, OK 73071 4544 62nd St., San Diego, CA 92115 (619) 582-1337 12th E.F.T.S. R.C.A.F. (Sky Harbour) (Aug-Ontario, USS St. Lo CVE 63 (Oct-St. Louis) John Ibe, 1477 Canada) Harold Bettger, Box 364, Goderich, Ontario, 24th Depot Brigade Co. (Camp Funston) Charles McMil- Lakeridge Ln., El Cajon, CA 92020 (619) 458-9822 N7A 4C6 Canada len, 801 W. Walnut, Herington, KS 67449 USS Thorn DD 647 (Aug-Bethlehem, PA) Kaj Swenson, 41st Bomb Grp. (M), 47th, 48th, 396th, 820th Sqdns., 51st Engr. Combat Bn. WWII Charles Attardo, Rear 77 2190 Allwood Dr., Bethlehem, PA 18018 (215) 867-1245 7th A.F. WWII (Oct-Las Vegas, NV) Gene Olsen, 2100 Durkee St., Forty Fort, PA 18704 USS Whipple DD 217 (Sept-Overland Park, KS) Ed Kult, Meridian Park Blvd., Concord, CA 94520 (415) 825- 440th AAA AW Bn. Russell Hage, 17660 Woodbridge Rt. 3, Box 98, Coon Rapids, IA 50058 (712) 684-5473 8151 Rd., Spring Lake, Ml 49459 (616) 846-7876 41st Radio Sq. Mobile, 7011th Personnel Proc. Sq. 787th F.A. WWII. Mort Chertack, 767 Banks Rd., Margate, (Bremerhaven, Germany) (Sept-Kansas City, KS) FL 33063 (305) 973-4164 Glenn Brown, 10042 Knox Dr., Overland Park, KS "A" Btry., 75th CA AA, "I" Btry., 75th CA Prov. Bn. Marines 66212 (913) 492-6455 Orlando Warp, 1893 Cottonville Ave., Star Rt., Arkdale, 54th Ftr. Sq. p-38 (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Truman Wl 54613 Hermanson, 3520 Bowdoin St., Colorado Springs, CO "A" Co., 798th MP Bn. (1944-46) Aaron Pyles, 108 2nd Marine Dlv. Assn., G-2-6, 6th Mar. Regt. (Sept-San 80904 (303) 633-7262 Southside Dr., Campbellsville, KY 42718 Diego) Bob Groves, 1709 Columbia Dr., Richardson, TX 57th Ftr. Grp. WWII (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Thomas "B" Btry., 134th F.A., 37th Dlv. WWI. L P. Isenman, 75081 Tilley, 1638 Collins Rd., Colorado Springs, CO 80918 3225 Pinecrest St., Sarasota, FL 33579 (813) 924-6641 6th Marine Dlv. Assn. (Sept-Clearwater Beach, FL) (303) 598-5322 "M" Co., 4th Inf., 3rd Div. WWI. (Rhine River, Germany George Booz, 125 6th St. No., Safety Harbor, FL 33572 75th Troop Carrier Sq. (Sept-Charleston, SC) James 1918-19). Charles Marshall, 2512 Borica Way, Sac- (813) 725-3438 Nelson, 97 Duncan St., Whitmire, SC 29178 (803) 694- ramento, CA 95821 17th AAA Bn. (Aug-Ft. Myers, FL) Arnold Mervin, 2523 2398 HQ & HQ Co., 7703 Trans. Major Port (APO 21, SE 22nd Ave., Cape Coral, FL 33904 79th Ftr. Grp., 85th, 86th, 87th Sqdns. (Aug-Boston) Rochefort, France). Frank Werschey, 445 W. Broad "B" Co., 4th Inf. Bn. (Korea-Duluth, MN) (Aug.) Ed Edwin Newbould, 1206 SE 27th Terr., Cape Coral, FL St., Newton Falls, OH 44444 McKeever, 1120 N. 11th Ave. East, Duluth, MN 55805 33904 (813) 574-7098 Marine Corps Institute Detach., 8th & I Barracks 98th Bomb Grp. Vets Assn. (B24, B29, B47) (Oct-San (1952-54) (Oct-Washington) John Ryan, 166 Saratoga Antonio, TX) Cory Orne Jr., Box 553, Lake Pleasant, NY Ave., Waterford, NY 12188 237-0978 (518) 12108 Navy VMB 423, MAG 61 (Green Is.-Emirau) (Oct-Philadelphia) 304th Ftr. Sq. Assn. (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Tracy Little, William Dunn, 3310 Edge Ln., Thorndale, PA 19372 3011 Westover St., Shreveport, LA 71108 635- (318) VS 69 WWII. Victor Leone, 57 Middlesex Ave., 2426 Swampscott, MA 01907 (617) 595-3089 312th Ftr. Control Sq. (Sept-Dayton, OH) Ray Allen, 3012 USS Agawam (1943-46). D. W. Gitschier, 837 W. 9th St., S. Clay St., Green Bay, Wl 54301 (414) 336-1114 Army Air Forces East Liverpool, OH 43920 328th Ftr. Cont. Sq. (Sept-St. Louis) John Elwood, 5716 USS Brush DD 745. Ted Dvorak, 8418 15th Ave., N. 34th Dr., Phoenix, AZ 85017 Kenosha, Wl 53140 (414) 658-1997 2nd Emerg. Air/Sea Rescue Sq. (Dec-Philadelphia) John 349th Air Engr. Sq., 86th Air Serv. Grp. (1944-45) USS Dayton CL 105. Edwin Chapman, 36 Rossen PI., Crawford, 10 Filbert Ave., Stratford, NJ 08084 (Sept-Columbus, OH) Franklin Watson, 2521 18th St., Bloomfield, NJ 07003 (201) 338-8410 6th Photo Comp. Sq. Assn. WWII (Oct-St. Louis) Columbus, IN 47201 (812) 379-9249 USS PGM 17 WWII. Harold Evans, 3407 Berea Rd., William Pearce, 13925 NE 16th Ct., No. Miami, FL 352nd Ftr. Grp. Assn. WWII (Oct-Wichita, KS) Dick Richmond, KY 40475 33181 (305) 891-8083 DeBruin, 234 N. 74th St., Milwaukee, Wl 53213 (414) 8th Combat Carao Sq., 2nd Comb. Cargo Grp. 771-0744 (SWPA-WWII) (Oct-Orlando, FL) Paul Vaughan, 4916 354th Ftr. Grp. (Mustang) (Oct-Myrtle Beach, SC) Wortser Ave., Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 (213) 747- George Bickell, 4212 Majestic Ln., Fairfax, VA 22033 Marines 0241 367th Ftr. Grp., 392nd, 393rd, 394th Ftr. Sqdns., 9th 18th Pursuit Sq. WWII (Oct-Bakersfield, CA) Arthur A.F. (Nov-Boston) Harold Chait, 356 Auburn St., Whit- 2nd Airdrome, 17th AA Bn. (SpW). Charles Henry Jr., Crettol, Box B, Wasco, CA 93280 (805) 758-2249 man, MA 02382 (617) 447-3920 6596 Lochober Cove, Memphis, TN 365- 26th F.S., 51st F.G. (Aug-Tucson, AZ) Gordon Spence, 385th BGMA (Sept-Los Angeles) Sam Lyke, 4992 SE 38119 (901) 6530 1464 W. Beverly Dr., Anaheim, CA 92801 (714) 535- Princeton Dr., Bartlesville, OK 74006 (918) 333-4939 9630 529th A.C. & W. Grp. (All Sqdns. Okinawa) (Oct-Dayton, 35th Ftr. Cont. Sq., 13th A.F. (1942-43) (Oct-Colorado OH) N. E. Cole, 2732 Warwick Dr., Bloomfield Hills, Ml Springs, CO) Kenneth Bogart, 512 W. Kirwin, Salina, 48013 Army Air Forces KS 67401 (913) 823-3604 Shermanfleld 3rd Staff Sq. (Sept-Leavenworth, KS) Ros- 40th Bomb Grp. (Sept-Denver) Otis Cox, 21 W. 111 coe Swenson, 2053 Highland, Salina, KS 67401 (913) Coronet Rd., Lombard, IL 60148 827-2577 77th Pursuit Sq. (Hamilton Field), 303rd Pursuit Sq. (Sarasota- WWII). 2512 E. 42nd Serv. Sq., 329th Serv. Grp. WWII (Oct-Baton Thomas McCowan, Washing- ton, Apt. 10, Bloomington, IL 61701 (309) 662-8266 Rouge, LA) Howard Brosset, 5848 Menlo Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70808 "A" Co., 599th Slg. Air Warning Bn. (Hawaii, Guam- WWII). Michael Gregorio, 7 Walden PI., Huntington, NY 55th Ftr. Grp., 442nd Air Serv. Grp. (Oct-Colorado Coast Guard 11743 (516) 423-7382 Springs, CO) Irv Geeslin, Box 30798, Gahanna, OH 43230 Lafayette 70th AAF Flying Trng. Detach. Robert Dietz, Callaway 35 (Aug-Portland, Wallace USS APA OR) Ivan Ct., East Liverpool, 386- 313th Wing., 6th, 9th, 504th, 505th Bomb Grps. (Nov- 13633 OH 43920 (216) Shipp, 5319 Manning PI., NW, Washington, DC 20016 3813 Omaha, NE) William Gibson, 5214 Pierce Ave., Og- (202) 363-3663 den, UT 84403 (801) 479-4885 USS Joseph T. Dickman APA 13/131 (Oct-Annapolis, 314th Comp. Wing., HQ & HQ Sq., 5th A.F. (Johnson MD) Ron Reese, Rt. 1, Box 140-50, Bunker Hill, WV Field, Japan) (Sept-Louisville, KY) L. J. Buddo, Box 25413 (304) 229-2345 Air Force 35372, Louisville, KY 40232 (502) 459-1121 USS L.C.I. (L) 85 (Nov-Oklahoma City) Elmer Carmichael, 315th Bomb Wing (VH) (Sept-Omaha, NE) G. E. Har- Box 401, Okeene, OK 73763 (405) 822-3699 rington, 4600 Ocean Beach Blvd., Apt. 505, Cocoa 90th Sq., 3rd Bomb Grp. WWII. Jim Lee, 400 Summit* BeBch, FL 32931 (305) 784-0342 St., Farmersville, TX 75031 (214) 782-8326 336th Serv. Sq. WWII (Oct-Winter Haven, FL) Giles 9414th A.F. Reserve Recovery Sq., 8508th AFRR Gp. Lakeman, 3993 Simpson Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45227 Miscellaneous (GSW, Ft. Worth, TX). Ken Adcock, P.O. Box 4001 , Ft. (513) 271-8191 Worth, TX 76106 (817) 624-8116

339th Army Sq. (Sept-Reno, NV) Phil Zito, 4 Villa PI., Air Forces (WWII, CBI, Chabau-Dlnjan-Sookeratlng Novato, CA 94947 (415) 897-7383 Medlterranean-Corslca-So. France Vets (Sept-Nice, Vets). Mac Alama, 115 Searlwyn Rd.. Syracuse, NY 348th Air Serv. Sq. (Oct-Milwaukee) Leonard Klafka, France-Corsica) Dieter Friedrich, 1405 E. Vegas Valley 13205 2144 S. 107th St., West Allis, Wl 53227 (414) 545-1795 Dr., Las Vegas, NV 89109 (702) 737-6653 Sioux City Air Base (354th B.S., 224th Comb. Crew, Nat'l Assn. of Civilian Conserv. Corps (Sept-Little Rock, Base Unit, 828th B.S., 485th B.G., Personnel-Mil. or AR) NACCA, 7245 Arlington Blvd., Falls Church, VA Miscellaneous Civ.) (Sept-Sioux City, IA) Joe Lukac, 506 Jackson St., 22041 (703) 573-3883 Port Clinton, OH 43452 (419) 734-1695 Survivors of Bataan-Corregldor (Aug-Fontana Dam, NC) 397th Bomb Grp. (M), 596th, 597th, 598th, 599th Wayne Carringer, Box 46, Robbinsville, NC 28771 (704) Special Elite Forces. China "Shanghai" Ley, Box 9925, Sqdns. (Oct-San Diego) Thomas Bejarano, 14533 479-6201 Kansas City, MO 64134-0925 (816) 763-9355

AUGUST 1985 45 I

LEGION NOW! Get in on the NEWS PROFITS in CW dMAll MEMBERSHIP AWARDS PROGRAM ENGINE SUPPORTS GOAL OF 3 MILLION REPAIR! Work part time, full time- PSSST! Hey, Legionnaire. savings bond; each of the next eight right at home -we help Looking to make a quick will receive a Croton precision quartz way, you every step of the $1,000? How about a precision movement wristwatch; and the final 15

No doubt about it. . . as a small engine pro, you can cash quartz wristwatch? A sterling will earn sterling silver rings. in on the huge demand for qualified men in one of Amer- ica's fastest growing industries. You'll be able to command silver American Legion membership In addition to post, district and de- top hourly rates of from $25 00 to $30.00 per hour — and ring? To get one you only need to re- partment membership recruiting that's just for labor. A simple tune-up earns as much as cruit members. will receive na- $49.95 for less than an hours work, and parts, engines new awards, winners also and accessories will add even more to the profits. The National Membership and Post tional awards to recognize and em- Plenty of business waiting lor qualified men. Activities Committee developed the phasize performance in membership 65,000,000 Small Engines Are In Use Today! idea for the 1986 national membership recruiting. Recruiting from five to That's the official count from the Engine Service Assn., awards program to help support the nine new members will earn a new- and one-million new engines are being built each month With fully accredited Foley-Belsaw training, you can soon membership goal of 3 million member recruiter certificate; 10 to 19, to make top money ser- have the skills and knowledge Legionnaires. the certificate plus a new-member re- vicing these engines People will seek you out and pay you well to service their lawnmowers, tillers, edgers, The Legion's top new-member re- cruiter lapel pin; 20 to 29, the certifi- power rakes, garden tractors, chain saws, minibikes. cruiter will be named the "National cate, pin and a new-member recruiter snowmobiles, generators, go-carts, paint sprayers, Membership Recruiter of the Year," belt buckle; and 30 and above, the snowblowers ... the list is almost endless and receive an expense-paid trip to the certificate, pin, buckle and a $25 gift National Convention in Cincinnati, and certificate. recruiter and spouse will receive an The American Legion membership expense-paid trip to the Caribbean for goals for 1986 are quite simple — each a seven-day cruise. post has a minimum goal of exceeding Second place winner will earn a its 1985 membership by at least one home entertainment center with color member. Department goals are estab- television, stereo and videocassette lished by the department's 1985 final recorder; third will receive a $1,000 membership, plus one per post. Professional Tools and Equipment, PLUS 4 H.P. Engine

ALL YOURS TO KEEP. . . All at No Extra Cost. NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY! You don't need to be a born mechanic' or have any prior experience You can master this profitable trade right at home 1948 Dividend Hoax in your sparetime Lessons are fully illustrated so clear you can't go wrong, and with our famous 'learn-by-doing' method you get practical hands-on' experience. We also show you Makes the Rounds how to get business, what to charge, where to get supplies

wholesale , all the inside tricks of the trade you need to assure success right from the start. in Veterans Groups

Send for FREE Facts -Do It TODAY! about the "1948 NO Obligation -NO Salesman Calls! HOAX risk nothing by accepting this offer to see how rHESpecial Dividend" on National You easily you can learn the skills you need to increase Service Life Insurance is back your own. your income in a high-profit business of again, resulting in thousands Just fill in and mail coupon below (or send postcard of inquiries to the VA. with name and address) to recei ve full information by return mail. A variety of official-looking forms, bearing the address of a VA insurance RUSH COUPON TODAY FREE center, claims that dividends on can- Foley-Belsaw Institute BOOKLET! 50718 Field Building Send tor your celled insurance are available for the Kansas City, Mo. 64111 copy today asking. The dividend referred to as the FOLEY-BELSAW INSTITUTE "1948 Special Dividend," amounted to 50718 FIELD BUILDING KANSAS CITY, MO 64111 almost 3 billion dollars, and was paid PAST NATIONAL CMDR.—S. Perry Brown in 1950 and 1951, to some 16.5 million (1948-49) died June 8 at San Marcos, , YES, please send me the FREE booklet that gives 92. his I full details about starting my own business in Small veterans. Texas. He was During 66 years of

Engine Repair I understand there is No Obligation and Legion membership, Brown held | Claims for any dividends declared PNC that No Salesman will call on me I numerous post, department and national before Jan. 1, 1952, must have been NAME appointments, Including President, the filed within six years after the date of American Legion Endowment Fund declaration. ! ADDRESS Corporation from 1979-81, and at the time Dividends are paid automatically to of his death was serving as Its director.

I CITY current veteran policyholders on an PNC Brown was a life member of Post 33, annual basis without their asking. Beaumont, Texas. STATE ZIP.

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The Affordable CENTURY A ward- Winning FIRST STRIKE Continued from page 13 MOBILE HOME COMMUNITIES Communities of Florida YOURS FOR: • PERMANENT RETIREMENT have achieved a true nuclear superior- LIVING ity for the first time. • SECOND HOME In the years from 1945 to about 1975, LIVING when the United States first had a nu- • INVESTMENT HOMES clear monopoly and then had nuclear superiority, we did not make use of our AT $15,900! nuclear weapons to conquer the world, although we could have done so if we Century Communities offer you a wide range of Fun-in-the-Sun choices in new had wished. But a world dominated by

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pools . . . plus many other amenities. the strongest measures to protect our- Some are double-wide communities with prices from $29,900 and some are single- selves against this eventuality. wide communities with prices from $15,900. That is the main reason why we need SDI — the American defense All 11 Communities have Learn about the choices along with the advantages avail- against Soviet nuclear missiles. As to as Florida's largest provider of new Guaranteed Lifetime Leases able you offered by mobile home communities: and are Developed MAIL TO: and Operated by CENTURY COMMUNITIES (813) 647-1581 — C E N T U R Y — P.O. Box 5252 • Lakeland. FL 33803 Choice locations include Name XRlRUDENCE Ocala, Leesburg, Wildwood, Street Address Tampa-Plant City, Winter REQUIRES THAT City State. Zip- Haven, Lakeland, Haines

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48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE fact will deter the Soviet leaders from planning an attack. By deterring the Coinage history was made . . . Soviet leaders from an attack, our defense will protect the people of When the U.S. Mint produced America from destruction. 7 different Cents in 1982! There are other reasons why we for the first time in history, the U.S. Mint need SDI. The biggest one is the size In 1982, Cents to of the Soviets own "Star Wars" effort. produced 7 different Lincoln — due Large varieties, production at 2 different Dr. James Fletcher, former head of and Small Date change in metal from copper to zinc. NASA, who chaired a panel of experts Mints, and a 1982 D These 7 Lincolns are very difficult to find and assem- in a thorough study of missile defense, Large Date ble on your own. had full access to all the intelligence Zinc For a limited time, you can get all 7 different 1982 reports on the Soviet Union's pro- Cents, in a special holder, for ONLY $2 FROM gram. Here is what Fletcher had to LITTLETON! This is a special introductory offer, say after seeing those reports: "The limit 3 sets per customer. Plus you get the most won- Soviet Union is pursuing their [Star derful price lists of U.S. coins in America, along Wars] program at the fastest pace with other offers on approval. Adults only please. their technology allows. It is unlikely Full 45 day money-back guarantee of satisfaction. they could accelerate their effort more Hurry for this special low price! than they have, whatever we do." Littleton Coin Company One example shows the magnitude Dept. SL111, Littleton, New Hampshire 03561 of the Soviet "Star Wars" effort. Fig- "Serving collectors nationwide since 1945" ures released by Weinberger indicate that the Soviets are spending roughly

$2 billion a year on lasers alone. That Send name, address and $2 for each set to: | | is times as much as the United Littleton Coin Company, Dept. SL111, Littleton, NH 03561 five | | States is spending this year for laser no. of sets (limit 3) $ total enclosed^^ research in Lt. Gen. James Abra- | hamson's SDI. It is twice as much as the President is asking the Congress for in next year's budget. The meaning of these facts is plain: 1982 P If we do not get cracking, we will have Large Date . Zip . Copper I no defense against Soviet missiles in the 1990s, but the Soviets will have a good "Star Wars" defense against our missiles, as well as a powerful first- GIANT DO-IT- strike force. They will have the means HEAVY DUTY YOURSELF KITS to destroy the United States with nu- Build Your Own Grandfather Clock clear weapons, and no reason to fear INFLATABLE BOATS the consequences of their actions. Prices Starting Never before in the history of this 2 MAN $38 Under nation have we had to contemplate the ?280 3 MAN $50 (including movement and dial) possibility that a potential adversary • Do-it-yourself case could destroy our entire land people, 4 kit, parts pre-cut — MAN $65 • Finished clocks cities, industry, everything. Before Midnight • Solid 3/4" hard- One might ask, "Why would the For The Next 30 Days woods: black As part of an advertising test, Dunlap Boat Mfg. will walnut, cherry, oak Soviets want to do this?" I do not send any of above size boats to anyone who reads • Heirloom quality • direct prices know the answer to that question. All and responds to this test before the next 30 days. Factory • Solid brass West I is that they are busily Each Boat Lot No. (Z-26 PVC) is constructed of do know German chiming tough high density fabric (resistant to abrasions, acquiring the means to do it, and movements sunlight, salt & oil), electronically welded em- prudence requires that we protect • Money back bossed seams, nylon safety line grommeted all guarantee ourselves. around, heavy duty oar locks, 3 separate air cham- • Prompt shipment bers for extra safety (4 air chambers in 4-man), self- This is what the President wants to • No woodworking locking safety valves, bow lifting & towing handle experience do, but he is meeting a lot of resist- and are recommended for marine, ocean and fresh necessary ance in Congress. The funds requested water recreation, camping, fishing or a family fun boat. Each boat will be accompanied with a LIFE- WRITE FOR FREE for SDI are $3.7 billion. That is 1.25 TIME guarantee that it must perform 100% or it will COLOR CATALOG percent of the Defense Department's be replaced free. Add $7 handling & crating for entire budget. There is no better use each boat requested. Dunlap Boat Mfg. pays all EMPEROR of the taxpayer's defense dollars than shipping. If your order is received within the next CLOCK COMPANY ten days you will receive FREE a combined hand/ this WORLD'S LARGEST MANUFACTURER — a defense that protects the foot inflator/deflator bellows style pump for each OF GRANDFATHER CLOCKS American people from destruction. boat requested. Should you wish to return your Dept. 1603, Emperor Industrial Park Fairhope. Alabama 36532 • Phone 1-205-928-2316 The President needs our help. In my boat you may do so for a full refund. Any letter post- I am interested in Do-It-Yourself Kits marked after 30 days will be returned. LIMIT three view, we have to help him persuade Finished Clocks (3) boats per address, no exceptions. Send appro- Congress that in spite of the concern priate sum together with your name and address to: Boat Name. over the deficit, the money for SDI Dept. #303B, Dunlap Boat Mfg., 2940 W. Pico Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90006. Or for must be spent. With the stakes no less Street. fastest service from any part of the country call than the survival of the Republic, the 1-800-824-9988 for Boat Dept. #303B (Calif, resi- City dents call collect 213-735-9363), before midnight question is not whether $3.7 billion is State- -ZIP- seven days credit a week. Have card ready. (please print) too much, but whether it is enough.

AUGUST 1985 49 .

EARN UP T ble. The United States bought that THE BIG 'E' victory at Midway with the lives of the Continuedfrom page 19 brave young men and the life of one 12 AN HIiur ii carrier, Yorktown. The Japanese set her afire and finally finished her off with torpedoes. INYOUROWI names of many other Enterprise air- One other great test of 1942 awaited SPARE * men and crewmen, became household the Americans — Guadalcanal and the words in the Pacific Fleet. They were fight for the Solomons. The Marines TIME or the first heroes, and they were badly and the Army carried the land battle needed. The Enterprise and her on Guadalcanal, the Navy carried it at FULL TIME! men — those magnificent young men in sea in an epic naval confrontation, SHARPENING BUSINESS! their magnificent machine — gave a with no less than seven major battles whole nation a rise in spirits in that in the remaining months of 1942. ON OUR You risk nothing by accepting this desperate year of 1942. Enterprise, Wasp and Saratoga offer to see how easily you can turn your spare time into big Cash On June 4, 290 miles north of Mid- covered the landings on August 7, and 30-DAY Profits with your own Complete way, reveille came on Enterprise at from that day on it was constant fight- Sharpening Shop No selling . - FREE no previous experience needed 3:30 a.m. Nearby was the Hornet, and ing on land and sea. On August 24, Our famous Sharp-All and TRIAL show-how instruction set you up huffing and puffing up from Pearl Enterprise came under attack for the to make $200 $500, $700 a OFFER month CASH sharpening Saws. came the Yorktown, the yard work- first time, in the Battle of the Eastern Knives Scissors Lawnmowers men from Pearl Harbor still aboard Solomons. Late in the afternoon, 30 Shop and Garden Tools all cutting edges and still patching up her Coral Sea Val dive-bombers came after her, and

Send for all the facts! wounds. Three carriers against in three minutes scored with three Our free Book tells how to Yamamoto's armada of battleships, heavy bombs — first a 1,000-pounder start a profitable, lifetime home sharpening business, cruisers and carriers. that hit aft, penetrated five decks and how we help you grow, how By mid-morning, battle was joined exploded deep within the ship; 30 sec- we II finance you and played out like a ballet. First onds later a second bomb, close after Send for FREE details — mail coupon below or postcard TODAY' Foley Belsaw Co. 60499 Field Building, Kansas City, MO. 64111

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FOLEY BELSAW CO. 60499 FIELD BLDG . KANSAS CITY. > y |g HO. 64111 please send me the FREE BOOK that gives full details. JL HEH ENTERPRISE MANEUVERED SPLENDIDLY AND DODGED NO LESS THAN NINE TORPEDOES.** Free came the American torpedo bomb- the first, and then a third bomb, strik- Fund ers — low, slow and vulnerable, a ing the flight deck. bloody sacrifice by men who knew The ship was soon an inferno of Raising they'd never get out alive. (Of one burning gasoline, exploding ammuni- whole squadron, Torpedo 8 from the tion, ruptured steam pipes, flaming oil Hornet, not one of the 15 planes re- and paint. Her rudder was jammed Ideas turned, and only one man survived.) and her planes waited overhead to But then came the dive-bombers. land. One hour later, the Big E was Catalog McClusky was again leading Bombing back on course, recovering planes, her 6 from Enterprise (32 Dauntless fires under control. It took 38 minutes Each year. Revere Company helps fat. of lives. thousands ot school, church, civic and SBDs) and the target was Shortly heroism, and 74 The next day, social groups (just like yours) earn the after noon McClusky led Earl Gai- Enterprise buried her dead at sea, put money they need. Our colorful catalog ner's wing down on the carrier Kaga her planes ashore at Guadalcanal, and contains all of the latest, most lucrative products and programs available to fund (Increased Joy) and Dick Best's wing started for Pearl 2,700 miles away. raisers. You can have a free copy sent took on Akagi (Red Castle). In min- Just a routine miracle. Japan had lost directly to you simply by calling toll-free or mailing this coupon. Order now! utes both carriers were flaming and a carrier, Ryujo, and another 70 sinking. At the same time, Yorktown's planes and pilots she couldn't replace. 1-800/528-6050 Ext. 147 dive-bombers caught Soryu (Green The Big E was back in the Solomons In Ariz. 1-800/352-0458 Ext. 147 Dragon) rearming and blew her apart October 23, not only repaired, but also To Revere Company with 1,000-pound bombs. Just at dusk, with new AA guns, and not a moment Department Q17 Enterprise and Hornet found Hiryu too soon. On August 31, the Saratoga Scranton, PA 18504-0119 (Flying Dragon) and set her afire and had been torpedoed again, this time Please send me Revere latest ol s Catalog adrift. had brought four south of Guadalcanal, and headed back Fund Raising Ideas Yamamoto big carriers, he had none. He still for more repairs. Two weeks later, on Name now had 10 battleships, 15 cruisers and 45 September 15, the Wasp was tor- Group destroyers, but at 4 a.m. on June 5 he pedoed in the same area, and hurt Address made the bitter decision — run for fatally; American ships sank her. Now City/State/Zip home. He had lost air superiority, and there were just the Enterprise and the without that he dared not fight. In ef- Hornet. fect, he had lost the war; victory was On October 26, the Japanese were AMERICA'S FOREMOST FUND RAISING CONSULTANT still a long way off, but it was inevita- back again, this time for the wild,

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE two-day Battle of the Santa Cruz Is- Free Airfare, 10% OffFor Legionnaires! lands, and now it was Hornet's turn. She was badly damaged by enemy planes on October 26, and finished off the next day. She was barely one year Ck) Ultra Deluxe old when she sank. Again the Big E performed a small miracle. She turned back the Japanese fleet and fought for her life in a 13-hour battle with attack- ToThe Canal,Riq ing planes. She took two bombs, a 550-pounder that didn't go off and a 500-pounder that did, causing a heavy Caribbean. the af- The explosion below decks. During ternoon of the 26th, surrounding ves- sels watched in admiration as the Enterprise maneuvered splendidly and dodged no less than nine torpedoes, using her four powerful screws to make the big carrier dance like a lady at the court ball. Then she got away and ran for re- pairs at Noumea. Eleven days later Halsey called her back. She sailed with Seabees and Navy repairmen still patching her up, and got in on the three-day naval Battle of Guadalcanal, November 13-15, Japan's final attempt to reinforce her garrison. The Big E's planes helped sink the battleship Hiei on Friday the 13th, and the heavy Sagafjord and Vistafjord—rated cruiser Kinugasa the next day. On SAGAFJORD/VISTAFJORD In addition, the carrier pilots Ultra Deluxe by the respected World SCHEDULE blasted aWay at the transports coming Ocean and Cruise Liner Society— Sept. 15 15 or fresh sparkling entertainment down The Slot with 13,000 you enjoy 20 days TransCanal troops for Guadalcanal. By November and the ultimate in personal atten- Oct. 5,19 14 days TransCanal 15, only four transports were left, tion; dine magnificently at an Nov. 2* 21 days South America with 2,000 men, minus their weapons, unhurried single sitting; and stay Dec. 7* 14 days South America food and supplies. By mid-afternoon, shipshape in the famed "Golden Dec. 7 6 or the battle for Guadalcanal had been Door Spa at Sea."® 12 days Caribbean decided. The Japanese lost. Panama Canal. Visit the Caribbean Dec. 19 16 days TransCanal On December 7, the first anniver- Riviera and sail the Dec. 21 15 days Caribbean sary of Pearl Harbor, the Big E was in and the Mexican the Coral Sea, loaded and ready for Canal—one of man's great achieve- Jan. 6 14 days TransCanal bear. As 1943 came in, she had met ments. Departures from Florida, Jan. 31 15 days TransCanal every challenge given her and was the California, Texas. Feb. 15 14 days Caribbean darling of the fleet. A long war lay Rio via Concorde—and more! Mar.l 14 days Caribbean there all the ahead, and the Big E was Discover Rio, Buenos Aires, Monte- Mar. 15, 29 14 days South America start the war way, the only carrier to video and must-see Caribbean Apr. 18 14 days TransCanal and finish it at sea. ports; departures from Florida, * Concorde available. By mid-1943 the brand new Essex San or Rio. Specially reserved rolling out to Juan class carriers were Ships registered in the Bahamas. Cunard/ British Airways Concorde flights sea — including a new Lexington, NAC reserves the right to cancel the Yorktown, Wasp and Hornet. But no between Rio and Miami or New Concorde program without prior notice. new Enterprise; none was needed, not York, only $995 more! in that war. The old reliable went back Connoisseur's Caribbean. The Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays, Box 462, to the United States for a nine-month Cruises from Fort Lauderdale to 277 Northern Blvd., Great Neck NY 11022. modernization and a presidential cita- Haiti, Guadeloupe, Barbados, Rush me details on the special 10% discount tion, the first carrier so honored in Grand Cayman, St. Barts, for Legionnaires and their families aboard World War II. And by late 1943 the Sagafjord and Vistafjord. St. Maarten, Curacao, others. Enterprise was back in action, ready free roundtrip airfare NAME for the final battles, all the way from Enjoy the ."Great Marianas Turkey Shoot" between 71 gateways and the ship. ADDRESS APT. NO. Battle of the Philippine Sea, June But don't delay. Phone Mr. Les 1-800-645-2120. 19-20, 1944, which cost the Japanese Kertes toll-free: In CITY STATE over 400 carrier planes, to downtown New York, call collect: (516) 466-0335. Tokyo in 1945. © 1985 CUNARD The Enterprise was scrapped after E40213 the war, but some sailors believe she's /i still out there, and still, as Halsey said, "the Galloping Ghost of the Pacific." Queen Elizabeth 2 Sagafjord Vistafjord

AUGUST 1985 51 Pitching in forAmericanism.

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These vital programs Good family protection plus help secure youth support, priced right our Nation's future. Maybe for you. A wise buy you you never knew this, so we'll tell you. can make right now. just$24 The American Legion is a lot more than per unit, per year (only 460 a week) pro- parades, more than great fellowship. In vides up to $12,000 in supplemental term Legion programs nationwide, today's insurance protection. Our full twelve units youth are being helped to meet deliver up to $144,000 for only $288 tomorrow's challenges. a year, depending on age. Programs like American Legion Added dollars for child-rearing, for Baseball, Boys' Nation, oratorical con- mortgage needs, for paying off debts, for tests, Junior Uniform Groups, Boy building your estate. Money needed most Scouts, too. All are vital, all are needed when you're not here to provide it. to start tomorrow's leaders on the right path. Act nOW tO apply. As a Legion- naire under age 70, able to meet the helps to keep the Who health requirements of the plan's under- programs going? Each year, writer, you are eligible to apply. Complete for almost twenty years, The American your application on the next page. The Legion Life Insurance Trust has provided choice of units is yours to make. Mail supporting dollars. We hope you agree application with check or money order that it's a wise investment for our nation's for the correct premium amount. We'll future. process your application promptly. Exclusions. No benefit is payable Here's how you can get for death as a result of war or an act of war, or within six months after termina- It's Make involved. easy. tion of service in the military, naval or air a modest investment in The American force of any country or combination of Legion Life Insurance Plan . . . it's the larg- countries. est of its kind worldwide. Dependable, trustworthy. Now in its 27th year, more than $50 million benefit Make your pitch dollars have been paid to Legionnaires' beneficiaries. for Americanism, mail application on next page today! THE ONLY AMERICAN LEGION Join the ONLY Officially Approved Plan. LIFE INSURANCE to 12 Units. PLAN Get up 20% Benefit Bonus.

APPLY TODAY Select the num- BENEFITS—Yearly Renewable Reducing Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-781) ber of units from the chart at Benefits determined by age at death and include 20% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths right, fill out the application be- occurring during 1985. Maximum coverage limited to 12 units. low and enclose your check or 12 Units 11 Units 10 Units 8 Units 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money order for the prorated Age at Death $288 per yr. $264 per yr. $240 per yr. $192 per yr. $144 per yr. S120 per.yr. $96 per yr. $72peryr. $48peryr. $24peryr. premium indicated to provide Through age 29 $144,000 $132,000 $120,000 $96,000 $72,000 $60,000 $48,000 $36,000 $24,000 $12,000 coverage for the rest of the cal- 30-34 115,200 105,600 96,000 76,800 57,600 48,000 38,400 28,800 19,200 9,600 endar year. 35-44 64,800 59,400 54,000 43,200 32,400 27,000 21,600 16,200 10,800 5,400 45-54 31,680 29,040 26,400 21,120 15,840 IF YOU LIVE IN FL, IL, NJ, NY, 13,200 10,560 7,920 5,280 2,640 55-59 NC, OH, PR, TX, or Wl send for 17,280 15,840 14,400 11,520 8,640 7,200 5,760 4,320 2,880 1,440 60-64 special application. Applications 11,520 10,560 9.600 7,680 5,760 4,800 3,840 2,880 1,920 960 65-69 7,200 and benefits vary slightly in 6,600 6,000 4,800 3,600 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,200 600 70-74* some areas. Make check or 4,752 4,356 3,960 3,168 2,376 1,980 1,584 1,188 792 396 75*-0ver 3,600 money order payable to: The 3,300 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,500 1,200 900 600 300 American Legion Life Insurance Prorated Premiumf $96 $88 $80 $64 $48 $40 $32 $24 $16 $8 Plan. No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance. 9 and 7 units also available. Please write for details. tPRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR APPLICATION. The INCONTESTABILITY Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has premiums shown above are for the balance of 1985 for approved been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date. applications effective Sept. 1 , 1985. Premiums for applications effec- tive Oct. 1 or later are proportionately less, by $2 PER UNIT PER MAIL TO: The American Legion Life Insurance Plan MONTH, and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 accompanying non-approved applications will be refunded in full.

EFFECTIVE DATE Your insurance effective the first becomes on day of Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. the month coinciding with or next following the date your application is received, subject to Insurance Company's approval. Insurance Application Subject to Underwriter's Approval may be maintained in force by payment of premiums when due.

ENR0LLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE LEGION OF INFORMATION AMERICAN

Information regarding your in-

Full , Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Name_ Last First Middle Mo. Day Year fidential except that Trans- america Occidental Life In- Permanent Residence- surance Co. may make a brief Street City State Zip report to the Medical Informa- tion Bureau (M.I.B.) a non-profit Name of Beneficiary. Relationship Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones. A/of "Mrs. H. L. Jones" membership organization of life insurance companies which Membership Card No.. Year -Post No.. -State. operates an information ex- change on behalf of its I apply for the number of units indicated: [~] members. Upon request by another member insurance The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this company to which you have ap- enrollment: Answer all questions. plied for life or health insurance, Present occupation?. . Are you now actively working? or to which a claim is submit- Yes No If no, give reason- ted, the M.I.B. will supply such Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, company with the information it length of stay and cause. may have in its files. During five years, had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, The Company may also release the last have you lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood information in its file to its rein-

pressure or alcoholism? No Yes If yes, give details , , . surers and to other life in- surance companies to which you may apply for life or health I represent that to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true

and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. insurance, or to which a claim I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to is submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of

Dated . you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- , 19 Applicant offers this Life closure of any information it The American Legion Insurance through Transamerica Occidental Insurance Company, Home Office: Los Angeles, California cone may have in your file. Medical GMA300 19 12 79 (Univ.) information will only be dis- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION closed to your attending physi- cian. If you question the ac- I have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information at left. Further, I authorize any curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person rection in accordance with the having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica Occidental Life In- procedures set forth in the Fed- surance Company any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. The address of the Bureau's in- formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated , 19 Signature of Applicant

Essex Station, Boston, Mass. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is —— 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. — . .

ORBEN'S WORLD 1000 RETURN ADDRESS*|49 LABELS

1000 gummed economy name and address la- bels printed in black with ANY name, address, zip code. Up to 4 lines.

August is the month when you start Order S717 Set of 1000 Economy Labels (boxed) . . $149 looking forward to family vacations 250 to end. Crystal-Clear RETURN $' ADDRESS 8 LABELS 2?

No use talking, I've got to lose some The color of your sta- _ tionery shows through weight. Even tan is too tight. my these transparent la- bels. Sharp black printing on self-stick see-through labels. Order P2031 Set of 250 Cryttal-Clear Labels (boxed) $2.98 250 Life is the detour you follow while Self-Stick looking for the main road. WHITE (Anp GLOSS VX LABELS fc

Glossy white self-stick labels cling to any Middle-age is when you try to con- smooth surface - no moistening. Sharp black printing up to 4 lines. vince yourself it's only the weather. Order P6030 Set of 250 WhiteGlon Labels (boxed) $2.98 ~~ August is you keep your at when office 3348Drake Bldg. the same temperature you complained Walter Drake Colorado Springs, CO 80940 about in December. NAME ADDRESS CITY & STATE .ZIP. S717 1000 Labels @ $1.49 each $ P2031 Crystal-Clear Labels@$2.98 $ Maybe it's time we put things into P6030 White Gloss [email protected] $ perspective. There are 1 billion Add 30C per set for shipping & handling $ Chinese experiencing this same sum- I SATISFACTION GUARANTEED _ TotalJ mer and not one of them is complain- ing about the reruns on television, the kids borrowing the car, the pool need- ing cleaning and the restaurant not Ride up taking reservations. and down stairs safely Last year we had the best vacation ever. Every day we'd get up real early and pile the kids, the dog, sandwiches, Cheney has the lift you need. The potato chips and soft drinks into the deluxe Wecolator for straight, curved camper— then we'd go back to bed and spiral staircases or the economi- cal Liberty™ Lifts for straight stair- and sleep. Theme parks beguile vacationing ways. You'll ride safely from floor to families by saying one price covers floor in the home you love. • Wide comfortable seats and everything . This statement does not footrests apply to families with kids who eat, • Folds out of the way for normal drink, or lust after balloons, stuffed stair use • Individualized options, decorator animals or beanies that light up . . . colors To such families, the price admis- of • Unmatched limited warranties sion is like putting a $10 down pay- Contact your local Cheney represen- ment on a car. tative or call Darlene Lewis 1-800-782-1222.

helping people help themselves The CHENEYCompany Dept. LE, P.O. Box 188, New Berlin Wl 53151 Life sometimes plays cruel tricks on 414-782-1100 us. For instance, my wife and I always wanted to have children. And we did!

$200 $10,000 CASH I've reached the age where, when I Our kids are very finicky eaters. We TOLL FREE 800-435-5119 PAID bend over to pick up the paper, I'm have a son who thinks that child abuse lapanot- Militan Decorations & liermun VIVUI Relics (especiall) daRgerM Wanted all not that sure it's going to be a is spinach. David E J Pepin—Member NBTHK, Tokyo, Japan AM.P O Box 353, Grant Park, IL 60940 round trip. 1985 Robert Orben Dept.

AUGUST 1985 55 »

MAKE UP TO allowed to watch this plant, since the n ARMS RACE gas it would produce is not im- *26 anH0UR Continuedfrom page 17 mediately useful for building the bomb. This proposed transaction brought

Hundreds ol FOUY-BaSAW trained into play all the influence the United lave succeeded in this fascinating security guarantee. This was effective States could bring to bear on its allies. —and highly profitable lleld... in turning South Korea off the nuclear The administration leaned heavily on You Can Do It Too! ...BE A road in the 1970s. Belgium to block the sale, and that ef- BOOKLET In view of all of these arrange- fort has worked. Belgium is "rethink- ments, why worry about future prolif- ing" its cooperation with Libya in light eration? of the key is of pressure. Never before have money-making opportunities been so One problems U.S. great lor qualified Locksmiths Now lucrative regular that the basic material used to make One would hate to see atomic bombs lock and key business has multiplied a thousandfold as millions seek more protection against zooming crime. bombs is a by-product of nuclear in the hands of a country whose diplo- Yet there's only one Locksmith for every 17,000 peo- ple! Train FAST at Home — Collect CASH PROFITS power plants, which are being built as mats shoot automatic weapons out Right Away You're in business ready to earn up to $26 00 an hour a few days after you begin Foley- a cheap, reliable source of energy embassy windows. That image of the Belsaw's shortcut training Take advantage ot today's unprecedented opportunities in Locksmithing tor year- throughout the Third World. As coun- slain British policewoman could be round EXTRA INCOME in spare time — or full time in a high-profit business of your own Hundreds we've tries develop the facilities and scien- much larger — it could be a slaugh- trained have done it So can YOU' All tools plus profes- sional Key Machine given you with course These plus tific expertise to use nuclear power, tered city. Apparently, even the practice materials and equipment, plus simple illus- trated lessons, plus expert supervision, plus business- they also produce the materials and Soviet Union has drawn the line. The building guidance will enable you to KEEP THE MONEY knowledge necessary to make nuclear Soviets have been negotiating with COMING IN! Ideal for retirement — good jobs, too 30 DAY NO SEND FOR EXCITING FACTS — NO OBLIGATION! RISK TRIAL weapons. International safeguards are Libya over a proposed nuclear power PRO KEY MACHINE YOURS TO KEEP f rEE ALL SPECIAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT hard to enforce, especially when more plant since 1977, and not one stone has This machine can add up INCLUOED $200 a month lo your In than a few countries are capable of been laid to begin building it. come. - it won't cost you a penny eitra with your supplying nuclear technology. The nuclear "genie" has been out of training. FOLEV-BELSAW IVSTITI Tt FIND OUT ABOUT IT Even countries that do not have the the bottle for some 40 years now, and 10723 FIELD BLOG RUSH COUPON TODAY KANSAS CITY. MO 64111 infrastructure to support a nuclear in- wish though we might, it can't be put There is NO OBLIGATION* NO SALESMAN Will Call -ever! dustry are now probably capable of back. It is unreasonable to expect that FREE FOLEY- BELSAW INSTITtTE putting together the technical skills future nuclear proliferation can be

10723 FIELD BLDG. . KANSAS CITY, MO 64111 necessary to turn the raw materials of halted completely — there are simply PLEASE RUSH FREE BOOK "Keys lb lour Future" nuclear power — uranium and too many trends working against it. NAME plutonium — into weapons-grade qual- However, this does not mean that we ADDRESS ity, and to design a bomb mechanism. should give up all hope of managing

CITY-STATE-ZIP As the number of countries working the process of proliferation and, wher- with uranium and especially plutonium ever possible, restraining it. The increases, so does the opportunity for United States does have means — from FOR ALL VETS! AND. VIETNAM • DESIGNS terrorists to gain possession of these quiet diplomacy to multinational T-SHIRT $8.99 SWEATSHIRT $11.99 deadly materials. Even in the United agreements to economic rewards or brochure Sizes: M, L, XL free States, where you would expect secu- sanctions — to discourage other na- rity to be very tight, tests by law tions from building nuclear weapons. enforcement officials have shown that For example, in a little noticed recent it would be possible for terrorists to meeting, the United States and the steal enough plutonium to make a Soviet Union reached an agreement bomb. Security arrangements in other (despite the relatively poor current countries may be less stringent. Pos- state of overall relations between the sessing plutonium does not in itself superpowers) to jointly monitor and give terrorists a nuclear capability, work to prevent further proliferation. but any group that made the effort to And if preventing proliferation be- steal it would probably have developed comes impossible, perhaps the United i mm* D & G P.O. BOX 12105 COLUMBUS. G A 31907 or stolen the means to make it into a States should cooperate with a country bomb. acquiring nuclear weapons in order to There have been some successes ensure that those weapons have the when our national leaders realize that best and most sophisticated possible Turn Logs Into the stakes are high enough to bend safeguards against accidental or un- Lumber — And Cash every effort. One involves Libya, a authorized use. Portable » Precise country that embodies what the world Next month in Geneva, Switzerland, Accurately could come to if everybody gets the the United States and other nations cuts a log 30" dia. X 16' long bomb. will gather for the regular five-year better We It ufactu quality In the early 1980s, a Belgium firm review of the NPT. What pos- so you cart cut quality lumbe Information send St 00 10: That's why we sell more WOOD-MIZER. Dept F12. agreed to sell Libya a uranium tetra- sible opportunity could our govern- portable bandsaw " "t 10th Street mills than anyone else Indianapolis. IN 46224 fluoride plant. That gas is not useful ment have to take a tough, critical Or Call (317) 271-1542 for nuclear weapons, but it easily can look at the current arrangements to be transformed into the uranium gas prevent proliferation, and to rededi- CRAPS — BLACKJACK used to make enriched uranium in cate itself to delaying and restricting How to Play — How to Win! nuclear to other MAXIMIZE your winnings, gaseous diffusion plants. Libya's the spread of weapons, MINIMIZE your losses A signature on the NPT is increasingly countries? Above all, the United Ined and proven system that anyway, because of its state- States must not stay quiet about this gives you the edge instead ot the house $2.50 each suspect /specify l BOTH lor only $4 00 sponsored export of international ter- silent arms race, which profoundly .-. . . ' M.W , ., k VETERAN Cash check or Money Order £ 235 Ljnco|n R

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . -

Experts Report. . . Once Established . . . Water Just Once A Week ... Be Absolutely Amazed As All Growing Season Long—Week In, Week Out. ..Compared To Even The Majestic Black Spruce.. .WONDER SHADE TREE.,. ZOOMS TO THE SIZE OF A 15 YEAR OLD TREE IN JUST ONE SINGLE YEAR! YES, ROOF-HIGH IN JUST ONE YEAR! IT'S ALMOST LIKE GROWING and keeps on skyrocketing 30-40-50 EVEN UP TO INSTANT SHADE 60 FEET HIGH OR MORE in less time than most trees nudge themselves a few feet off the ground.

Actually Soars Into A Magnificent Tree VITAL STATISTICS FROM LEADING EXPERTS IN JUST ONE YEAR! MATURE GROWTH SIZE: as much as 40 to 65 feet Yes! Based on amazing growth rates reported by plant MATURE SPREAD: as much as 30 to 35 feet

scientists—it grows SO FAST. . arches out SO WIDE ZONE OF HARDINESS: Hardy from the deepest South ... you can actually take a ruler and measure the to as far North as Vermont. Minn., Quebec, British incredible difference in height every 2 to 3 days! OR, to Columbia. Winter Hardy in areas where temp, drops as really leave your neighbors gasping in awe and wonder, low as 30 degrees below zero. give them a yardstick and let them measure the dif- ference IN FEET every 2 to 3 weeks! LIGHT NEEDS: Grows beautifully in Sunny location.

Yes, goes on to thrust itself so high, so fast that it DECORATIVE MERITS: Highly recommended by land- actually towers over even a Japanese Red Maple, scape architects as beautiful decorative specimens for

Cherry Tree or even the most graceful silky willow in homes, parks, highways, etc., where exceptional fast such a ridiculously short time you will simply refuse to growth and beauty are required. Perfect for fast screen- believe your eyes! Think of it! ing and privacy.

GROWS MORE IN JUST ONE MONTH THAN MOST RAPID RATE OF GROWTH: Experts report growth rates TREES GROW IN AN ENTIRE YEAR! on specimen trees that measure up to 8 FEET THE VERY FIRST YEAR ALONE. That's more than most Because according to plant experts, Govt, scientists

shade trees grow in 3 ... 4 ... 5 .. . even 7 years. and Botanical Gardens who researched this wonder- Yes, once established will grow ranch-house-roof high hybrid . . . once established, you merely water it once- IN JUST ONE SINGLE YEAR, that's right—The very a-week, and be absolutely floored as, during its next year after planting! Experts also report it soars an SUPER-SOARING growing season, it GROWS AS amazing 5 to feet each year for YEARS thereafter. MUCH AS A FULL 14-FOOT WEEKLY AFTER EVERY 8 Naturally results are based on optimum growing condi- TIME YOU WATER IT! tions. Takes but 10 minutes to plant and normal care That's right! Grows higher than even a full grown rewards you with a lifetime of beauty starting this very Flowering Dogwood IN JUST ONE SINGLE SEASON! year. Grows higher than even a full-grown Star Magnolia IN JUST ONE SINGLE YEAR! CARE: Nothing special —just normal garden care Water fully once weekly Naturally resistant to most PLANT NOW—REACH OUT AND TOUCH ITS LUSH, diseases, pests or insects. THICK BRANCHES FROM YOUR SECOND STORY BEDROOM WINDOW BY THE NEXT SUMMER! WE HAVE AT THIS MOMENT ONLY A LIMITED

No doubt about it. There's just not another "instant" SUPPLY AVAILABLE FOR RELEASE TO THE

Shade Tree like it on this planet! Because thanks to this PUBLIC—FULL SUPPLY WON'T BE READY UNTIL miracle of plant science, instead of spending a small 1986 SO ACT NOW!

fortune on a tree and then waiting half a lifetime for it to Now the price of this super growing shade tree is not

grow. . . get set for the garden-wonder of your life as $20 or $30 as you might expect, but a mere $3.95! this super-soaring hybrid rockets forth from a prize That's right, only $3.95 for this magnificent Beauty nursery-grown plant to a tower of roof-high beauty in that rewards you with such a glorious display of growth less time than ever dreamed possible. you IN JUST ONE SINGLE YEAR. However, our supply is GROWS IN VIRTUALLY ANY SOIL—REQUIRES NO limited! Full supplies from the growing fields will not be SPECIAL CARE—SOARS INTO A MASTERPIECE OF ready until late 1985 or early 1986. Therefore, all orders BEAUTY IN JUST A MATTER OF MONTHS! must be shipped on a first-come, first-shipped basis.

To make sure you don't miss out . . . ACT NOW! in in Best of all, unlike most trees that demand constant Grows More One Month Than Most Other Shade Trees Grow An Entire Year More in One Season Than Ordinary Shade Trees Grow in 2 Years, care, constant pampering . . . about the only thing you — 3 after Years or Even 5 Years! (Illustration shows magnificent size, spread and do you plant this super-growing wonder-hybrid is SATISFACTION GUARANTEED it it! in water and enjoy That's why leading botanical beauty of mature Populus hybrid-fam. Salicaceae.) \ OR MONEY BACK!

gardens . . . landscape artists . . . garden editors . . . Remember: Satisfaction is fully guaranteed. can't stop raving about its indescribable beauty ... its You must be thrilled in every way with this MAIL NO-RISK COUPON TODAY trouble-free care . . . its surging, towering growth. spectacular f-a-s-t growing shade tree or RE- Small wonder that leading experts hail it in the most TURN AT ANYTIME within 90 days for a full Spring River Nurseries, Dept. AL-885 glowing terms . . . recommended it again and again for refund of purchase price . . . ANYTIME within Spring River Road, Hartford, Michigan 49057

homeowners stunning . . who want a display of beauty 1 year for free replacement. Could anything be

both a wind and privacy screen and deep, cool shade fairer? Now is the time to order and replant— Yes, please send me for proper planting time in my area the SUPER ... and with practically no more work than a thorough send no-nsk coupon today! GROWING HYBRID(S) indicated below: watering each week! (#001) 1 for only $3.95 plus 75e postage and handling. (#002) 2 for only $6.95 (SAVE OVER $1) plus $1.00 postage and handling. JUST MINUTES TO PLANT-REWARDS YOU WITH A LIFETIME OF BEAUTY! (#004) 4 for only $1 0.00 (SAVE OVER $7.00) plus $1 .50 postage and handling. (#010) 10 for only $20.00 (SAVE OVER $20.00) plus $3.00 postage and handling. (#020) 20 for only $30.00 (SAVE OVER $55.00) plus $5.00 postage and handling.

If after receiving my order I am not fully delighted, I may return anytime within 90 days and you will refund my purchase price in full (less postage and handling, of course). Total amount enclosed $ (Mich, residents add sales tax.) No C.O.D.'s please. Name Here's a luxurious sight you don't Picture your patio bathed in the Just a tew minutes planting have lo wait hall a lifetime grow- cool beauty of this show-stopping time—a tew seasons' growing Address ing—a matched pair of these low- miracle tree from early spring to time, rewards you with twin low firingflna thow>h pieces the first snows of winter. nrs ol boauty City St.ilo Zip .

Exciting Breakthrough Grow Full Size Apples, For Suburban Peaches, Cherries & Gardeners! More ... on Stark Bro's dwarf size trees!

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DWARF FRUIT TREES EXCLUSIVE VARIETIES PLANT THIS FALL Nothing compares with the Since 1816, Stark Bro's has Most fruit trees can be fall sweet, juicy taste of fruit offered fruit growers the best planted in many parts ofthe picked fresh from the tree. fruit tree varieties available. country, often bearing a year With Stark Bro's dwarf fruit Many of Stark Bro's earlier than those planted

trees (only 8 to 10 ft. tall), varieties are so unique the following spring. Check you can grow delicious, they're protected by a U.S. our valuable zone map.

full-size fruit even in the Plant Patent. Our exclusives Plus . . . SAVE 20% when A tiller/cultivator smallest yards. beat all others hands down! you order this Fall! exclusively designed for small, backyard gardens. FREE CATALOG YES! Please send me, at no obligation, your FREE full-color Fall 1985 Fruit Tree and No longer do you have to choose All-new, 60-page, full-color Landscaping Catalog. AT238E between a yank-you-along front-tine catalog offers hundreds of 9urk Tm BmU FwiL Sot* Wfc tiller and an expensive, hard-to-guide, varieties of fruit, shade and Print Name

rear-tine tiller. Now there's Mantis . . nut trees, berries, shrubs, the 20-pound wonder that makes every roses and more. All items Address gardening job a breeze! Mantis starts covered by exclusive 1-year City State Zip

with a flick of the wrist . . . turns on a Promise of Satisfaction. Home phone no. dime . . . weeds an average garden in Mail to: Stark Bro's, Dept. (Area Code) 20 minutes . . . and runs all day on a A1238E, Louisiana, MO 63353 Mail to: Stark Bro's Nurseries, Dept. A1238E, Louisiana. MO 63353 gallon of gas. |

Mantis tills a full 8" deep, or deli- cately cultivates the surface for preci-

sion weeding. And, because it's so easy to maneuver, women and older people (many of whom had almost EARN A CASH COMMISSION given up gardening) find Mantis an absolute joy. with every order for Mason Shoes For fastest service call TOLL FREE 1-800-826-7030 Ext. 655 No Investment Required. That's right. A part time Mantis is so easy to guide that you No cost or obligation! business that pays you instant cash without any can cultivate right around plants, WI residents call 1-800-472-7003 Ext. 655 investment. Sell quality Mason Shoes to your along crop rows and up tight to fences friends, neighbors and relatives and earn $100-$300, MASON SHOE MFG. CO. Dept. F-642 I . . . without worrying about running or more per month. Just take orders from your Chippewa Falls, WI 54774 into your growing flowers and Mason full-color catalog with over 400 shoes for Please rush giant FREE catalog & starting kit to: vegetables. work and leisure. They're America's finest shoes at reasonable prices. All you do is make the sale, take a And, with its easy-on/easy-off preci- cash deposit which you keep for your instant sion attachments. Mantis quickly commission. Write for details.

becomes a Planter/Furrower . . . a KIT Border Edger . . . a Lawn De-Thatcher SEND FOR FREE SALES

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Best of all, Mantis costs a fraction of what you'd pay for a big tiller! Get the whole wonderful story on

the remarkable Mantis . . . the little AWARD CASES machine that has made gardening Hardwood, walnut finish. YOUR HELP IS URGENTLY such a joy. Full 1" between glass and NEEDED BY THE TUSCA- velvety mounting board. RORA INDIAN TRIBE ON 5"x7".J18.45. 8"xl0"$23.45 LIMITED TIME BONUS DROWNING CREEK RES- g U-xl4--$28.45 Includes UPS ERVATION. FREE $41.00 Border/Edger! Andrei Fuller Co. An an American you take Box 2071 -L, Pawt.RI 02861 Mantis Manufacturing Co. pride in the contributions of Brochure $1.00 (refundable) ancis 1458 County Line Rd.. Dept. 733 American Indians to our way lA Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 of life. To show your support, CHIEF WISE OWL of the TUSCARORA INDIAN Please send more information on the OVER 3.000 NEW FULLY ASSEMBLED TRIBE invites you to become an Honorary Lifetime 8U D s^S?) Mantis-20 Tiller/Cultivator and your n.r.j^ / 1985 RIDING MOWERS special FREE limited time offer! Member of his Tribe. Your contribution of $20! or more will help American Indians of limited means to pur- 95 chase the necessities of life. Mail your donation today. $499. ea. Name Have the satisfaction of knowing that as an Honorary Compare at 769°° Tim ralMnb nil] til Free brochure while they lest. Address Member of the Tribe, you are helping American In- CONTINENTAL MFG. dians live a more useful life. City 3205 E. Abremi St. 26" Arlington. TX 76010 State .Zip. CHIEF WISE OWL ROUTE 2 BOX 108 DEPT. AL • MAXT0N, NC 28364 817-640-1198 CUT WRITE OR CALL ANYTIME

58 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE L — —

a fairly good nose for threats to its se- must be exposed and shamed by a big- curity, and know a gangster regime ger truth. And that truth must also THE BIG LIE when they see one. The ones who have sharpen some basic distinctions in re- Continued from page 26 lost their moral compass are the elite cent history. One country saved its al- minority of opinion leaders and word lies and enemies alike from starvation wielders whom we practical folk tend after two world wars; the other in- to trust with the all-important task of vented in the Ukraine 50 years ago a Castro's African legion a stabilizing interpreting the world to us. tactic of terror-by-famine which its force and could liken the history of Ethiopian stooges are still using to- American race relations to present to- day. One's soldiers fell in Saigon de- talitarian states, we at least moved on fending freedom; the other's fell in in the 1980s to a U.N. ambassador "V- Budapest denying freedom. One has whose values are right-side up. been Israel's lifeline for a generation; Mrs. Jeane Kirkpatrick, before leav- E ARE the other settled a Nazi score with ing the Reagan administration this Holocaust resistance hero Raoul Wal- year, warned eloquently against what DETERMINED lenberg, and continues persecuting she calls the Doctrine of Moral TO THINK THE Jews to this day. Equivalence, the notion that in fun- In an America that is really thinking damental moral respects the democ- BEST OF THE straight, committing Moral Equiva- racies and communist states are lence ought to carry at least as much already much alike. The fact that OTHER FELLOW.'* social stigma as making a racial slur or Moral Equivalence is patently absurd preaching the flat- Earth theory. That does not keep it, like all big lies, from day is coming. gradually attracting more respectabil- Tempting as it is for the rest of us to The greatest evil that can befall a ity to itself and throwing a fog of leave the intellectuals to their foolish man is that he should come to think ill "complexity" around its opposite fashions and get on with real life, they of himself, Goethe said. For a man or a truth — the more it is repeated in the have acquired far too much power in nation, such sickness of the soul is the echo chamber of media, academia, our information-saturated society for beginning of the end of a reason to politics and popular culture. that to be safe. Ideas have conse- live. Who are the Moral Equivalizers? quences, and today's Moral Equiva- Not for you the lies that enslave and Not the great majority of average lence mouthings from an influential the dreams that ensnare, America. Americans. Left to their own God- few can become tomorrow's policy Yours is the truth that makes free fearing common sense, they take an turning point for millions. and the freedom that honors truth. intelligent pride in their country, have The big lie will not just go away. It Reprinted by permission from the Indianapolis STAR.

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60 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE that lead to low levels of income at all GOLDEN ages. These factors include education, race and work history. The principal YEARS exception to this generalization may be for elderly women who lose a Continued from page 23 spouse, either through death or di- vorce. Although the loss of a spouse generally lowers household income at elderly, non-cash transfers, (food any age, the young and men of all ages stamps) and assets are taken into usually remarry after a divorce or the account. death of a spouse; older women usually "A good deal of evidence indicates remain single. Elderly widowed men that the elderly with spouses are, on have remarriage rates that are about average, more financially secure than seven times higher than those of el- the non-elderly. But many of the el- derly widows. derly live alone and these individuals, "The economic status of the elderly particularly women, often have very is likely to improve in the future. To- limited financial resources; they are morrow's elderly will earn more in- "Off-Season" Savings now in effect! Right now is often poor. Poverty rates for elderly come throughout their lives than ear- the best time ever to learn about the amazing blacks and the very old are also high. lier generations, and thus will accumu- TROY-BILT Roto Tiller-Power Composter...the - - "Conflicting statements about the late more resources for retirement." machine that allows anyone of any age with any soil — to easily have a fabulously fertile, pro- economic status of the elderly can Clout: Up, for now. Controversy over ductive garden! For free complete details, prices, sometimes be traced to these differ- these and other points may be setting write today to: ences among the elderly but they also the stage for a spasm of so-called "gen- TROY-BILT 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 arise for other reasons. The resources eration gap" politics, pitting younger TROY-BILT Roto Tiller-Power Composters of the elderly include voters against older voters. income after Dept. A2488 taxes and assets, as well as transfers A whiff of this shows up in reactions 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, M.Y. 12180 both from the government and from to new federal government policies Please send the whole wonderful story of TROY-BILT® Roto Tillers including prices and OFF-SEASON-SAVINGS families. such as the one allowing states to re- now in effect lor a limited time. "Many of these resources, particu- quire children to pay part of the costs larly those that are more important to for parents in nursing homes under Name the elderly than to the non-elderly, are medicaid (the welfare program for in- Address. hard to evaluate. In addition, state- digent individuals). Dry ments about the financial security of If such disputes do grow, the nu- State. -Zp- the elderly are relative statements; merical odds appear to favor the ex- they are based on a comparison of the panding ranks of late middle-agers and measured resources of the elderly with over-65s with their track record of the resources of the elderly when they political activism. But too much can be were younger, with other groups, or, made of this possibility. REGISTERED U.S. PATENT OFFICE in a few cases, with a measure of the Only about 5 percent of elderly 120 Years of Proven Results! needs of the elderly. Different com- Americans live in nursing homes. The parison's can lead to different conclu- majority, even among the very aged, END THE AGONY OF sions about the economic status of the live with their families or independ- ITCHING INSTANTLY! elderly as a group. ently alone, in a style and atmosphere "Financial distress among the el- of well-being never equalled in the PSORIASIS derly is not so much a function of past for so many, over so long a span aging as it is a function of the factors of time. ECZEMA HEMORRHOIDS

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% REPORTING THEY VOTED 1980 7982 Presidential Race Congressional Age Group (Reagan vs Carter) Elections 18-20 36% 20% 21-24 43% 28% Source: Statistical 25-34 55% 40% Abstract of the 35-44 65% 52% U.S., 1985 edition. 45-64 69% 62% r More Information DuplK 65 and older 65% 60% I St. apolla, IN 46224

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AUGUST 1985 61 OR HEALTH

PRESERVING THE BREATH OF LIFE

It's possible to al- In emphysema, the alveoli tear and By Edward Edelson break down, forming larger sacs with leviate the pain less surface area. In addition, the cilia, HEN Soviet leader tiny hairs that sweep debris out of the Konstantin Chernenko of emphysema, but respiratory tract, are also put out of made his last television service. The end result is a chronic appearances before his the damage done shortage of oxygen. death, viewers saw a is irreversible. Do Basic research on how this damage tottering old man, so happens centers on two compounds weak that he could your lungs afavor: found in the body, elastase and alpha-1 barely gasp out his Quit smoking. antitrypsine. Both are enzymes that W words. The autopsy re- normally work in coordination. Elas- port issued by the Kremlin said that tase is sort of a garbage collector that Chernenko suffered from a variety of breaks down tissue in the alveoli walls ailments, including hepatitis and approaches to stopping smoking are for disposal. Alpha-1 antitrypsine neu- cirrhosis. not successful." tralizes elastase to prevent it from But the chief cause of his death was Cohen is a leader of another effort going too far. What seems to happen a breath-robbing lung disease called to reduce the toll of emphysema, in emphysema is that the alpha-1 anti- emphysema. which killed anywhere from 15,000 to trypsine is somehow neutralized, so American doctors who saw that 59,000 Americans last year. (The that elastase becomes excessively report knew immediately that range is so wide because emphysema destructive. Chernenko was a cigarette smoker. is classified as one of several chronic As early as 1962, Swedish research- Smoking causes 90 percent of em- obstructive lung diseases, which are ers noted the relationship between low physema cases, the American Lung lumped together for statistical blood levels of alpha-1 antitrypsine Association estimates. Those doctors purposes.) and emphysema. The role of elastase also know that what happened to This effort started with basic re- was identified primarily by Dr. Aaron Chernenko is happening to hundreds search that showed how emphysema Janoff at the State University of New of thousands of American cigarette destroys lung tissues, and has pro- York at Stony Brook. That basic re- smokers: A steady destruction of lung duced drugs that already can help stop search now is being used to help tissue that progressively makes it im- the disease in some patients and hold patients. possible for the body to get the oxygen promise for helping many more. Studies have found that between 2 it needs. What happens in emphysema is a percent and 5 percent of emphysema One way to conquer emphysema steady deterioration of the fine tissues patients are fated to get the disease would be to get all Americans to give on the surface of the lungs and bron- because of a genetic flaw: Their bodies up smoking, but lung experts know chi, the tubes through which air do not make alpha-1, the antitrypsine that won't happen. reaches the lungs. This respiratory they need. "There's no question that if people system is one of nature's miracles, de- "One approach to the disorder in didn't smoke, an enormous burden of signed to get the maximum productiv- these people is to think about it in the disease would be lifted from this coun- ity in a limited space. The task of the same way you think about hemo- try and the life span would be lungs is to get oxygen from the air into philia," said Dr. Ronald Crystal of the lengthened for many people." said Dr. blood, and carbon dioxide from blood National Heart, Lung and Blood Insti- Allen B. Cohen, executive associate into the air. tute. "In hemophilia, we replace the director of the University of Texas The exchange of gases needs as missing factor that allows the blood to Health Center in Tyler, which spe- much surface area as possible. The clot. In emphysema, we can try to re- cializes in lung diseases. "But most lungs consist of countless tiny sacs place the missing alpha-1 called alveoli that provide that service. antitrypsine." Edward Edelson, a science writer for If you were somehow able to smooth Tests using alpha-1 antitrypsine the New York Daily News, specializes out the entire surface of your lungs, it extracted from human cells are under in science and medicine writing. would cover the area of a tennis court. way at the institute. "Four years ago

62 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

HELPING THEMSELVES Emphysema sufferers can find relief by giving up smok- ing and by exercising regularly.

vent human suffering but also to pro- duce a profitable compound. "A lot of different companies are working on a lot of different drugs," Janoff said, and each of them, understandably, wants to win the race. But even if the new drugs work as hoped, the best they can do is to stop the progression of the disease. Nothing can restore alveoli once they are damaged. "You can't give back air sacs," Crystal said. "Once they're gone, they're gone." A lot can be done to help patients make the most of their remaining lung function, said Dr. Norman Edelman, consultant for scientific affairs for the American Lung Association. Doctors use antibiotics to prevent the infec- tions that plague emphysema patients and use many methods to keep their respiratory tract as clear as possible. Research has shown many valuable methods, Edelman said. One is to have the patient breathe pure oxygen. "You can show that oxygen makes emphysema patients more comfortable and prolongs life," he said. Another helpful effort is to strengthen the muscles of breathing. "If you improve the strength of mus- cles for breathing, you improve the performance of patients with em- physema," Edelman said. And nutrition is getting increased attention. Emphysema is a wasting disease and there is evidence that the we did a test to see if we could build "It could be used in the recalcitrant wasting process makes the emphysema up blood levels of the enzyme," Crys- heavy smoker who shows signs of em- worse, Edelman said. A number of re- tal said. "The answer was yes, we physema but won't stop smoking." searchers are working to improve the could by once-a-week injections. Now The idea is to use the new wizardry nutritional status of patients, "and we're doing a six-month trial on 20 of genetic engineering, Janoff said. there's some early evidence that it may patients." Biologists can alter the alpha-1 anti- be an important way to improve the It won't be easy to prove that the trypsine molecule just enough to fit status of these people," he said. injections can stop lung damage in persons with the genetic form of em- physema, Crystal said. In most patients, the disease develops over many years, even decades. STRENGTHENING breathing muscles, "To show that you can slow down the rate of the disease you need a very improving nutrition and inhaling oxy- large trial with lots of people," he said. gen can make emphysema patients There's another approach that is being financed by a number of phar- more comfortable and prolong life. maceutical companies and is aimed at helping the great majority of em- physema patients. It is based on the belief that ciga- their needs. Then they can insert the While the research goes on, em- rette smoke leads to emphysema be- gene for the altered molecule into bac- physema's toll continues to rise. What cause it oxidizes the alpha- 1 antitryp- teria, which pump out large quantities we're seeing now, Edelman said, is the sine molecule, making it ineffective of the compound. result of the upswing in cigarette against elastase. Researchers are reluctant to talk smoking that began during World War "We've now made a form of alpha-1 about the details of their work, be- II. The best long-term hope is that antitrypsine that is resistant to oxida- cause they are in a highly competitive Americans will do their lungs a favor tion by cigarette smoke," Janoff said. field and their goal is not only to pre- by discontinuing to smoke.

AUGUST 1985 63 PARTING SHOTS

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Scrawled on the walls of a London pub are the words: "The meek shall inherit the Earth." Underneath it someone wrote: "If that's okay with the rest of you." — Paul Short

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August is the month you can't open They now have coffee dispensers for Egotism: I infection. the bus window that you couldn't close office use that look exactly like filing —Frank Tyger in December. cabinets. These will match up with a —Henry E. Leabo lot of coffee drinkers who look exactly like office workers. —John B. Klein Eagle Eye A husband told the judge he wanted I'm Tough! a divorce because his wife did bird im- pressions. When it's time for me to face life's "Bird impressions?" the judge greatest computer, I hope it can be asked. told that though I'm spindled and "Yes, your Honor," the man said. mutilated, I did not fold. "She watches me like a hawk." —Abner W. Smith —Oliver E. Frazier Brain Strain Reruns Husband coming home from the Experience is a marvelous thing. It office to wife: enables you to recognize a mistake "What a day! The computer broke whenever you make it again. down and we all had to think." "I'm not good at foreign languages, — Shelley Bassett — Oscar Thornbuckle but that $Jf.95 looks appetizing to me."

64 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . . .

Presenting... VICTORY AT IWOJIMA A magnificent pewter sculpture of one of the greatest moments in American history "The ground of liberty must be gained by inches," wrote Thomas Jefferson during the Revolutionary War. In World War II, Jefferson's wisdom proved itself on Iwo Jima. Thou- sands of brave Americans gave their lives to wrest that small island from our enemies. When, after four days of fierce and courageous battle, they finally took the tallest moun- tain on "Iwo", five Marines and one Navy corpsman strained to raise the Stars and Stripes. This epic moment, captured on film by Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal, has become a symbol of American heroism and pride. Now, the Danbury Mint is proud to offer Victory at Iwo Jima, a magnificent pewter sculpture recreating that his- toric scene.

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RESERVATION APPLICATION S27

The Danbury Mint VICTORY AT IWO JIMA Please return 47 Richards Avenue promptly. P.O. Box 5250 Norwalk, Conn. 06857 Please accept my reservation for Victory at Iwo Jima, a pewter sculpture of the raising of the American Flag at Iwo Jima. A hardwood display stand will be included at no additional charge.

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