ANTI=APARTHEID NEWS

ANTI=APARTHEID NEWS Newspaper of the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Price . ADril 1971 The Church in South Africa page 3.

ACTION-~NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL Britain Westland demo ABOUT 300 supporters of the AntiApartheid Movement demonstrated outside the Hayes factory of Westland Helicopters, the manufacturers of the Wasp helicopter which Heath intends to supply to South Africa on March 20. The rally outside the factory was preceded by a march through Hayes shop. ping centre, and Saturday afternoon shopers were greeted by shouts of 'Arms' for Vorster -OUT; Arms for Freedom - IN', and 'Stop the Wasp'. Bob Hughes, Labour MP for Aberdeen chaired the open-air rally, which took p lace on a stretch of wasteland in front of the arms factory. The wall overlooking. the rally had been painted by an unofficial group of opponents of arms sales with the slogan 'No Arms for SAVictory to ANC'. Bob Hughes, after giving a carefully documented account of increasing British involvement in apartheid, emphasised that 'Nothing in this world will stop the people of South Africa from getting their fredons It is a question, though, of how much they will have to pay for that freedonm'. Ernie Roberts, of the Amalgamated Union of Engineering Workers, said that the fight against arms sales was a fight against the Tory government. 'We are responsible for the government and its acts just.as the German people were responsible for the acts of the Nazis'. John Gaetsewe, of the South African Congress of Trade Unions, outlined the malnutrition and suffering endemic among the rural and urban workers of South Africa. 'The day will come when we can march in freedom in South Africa,' he said. 'I am calling on you to support us in our struggle to reach that day.' Pat Lyons. of the Draughtsmen and Allied Technicians Association, said that there were over 200 members of his union working over the wall in the Westland factory. He claimed that the threat of redunancy if the Wasp, contract was not accepted was a Tory red herring 'What's putting our members out of work is thatl the capitalist class ate not prepared to in-' vest enough money in this country, because they want to make a killing in South Africa and exploit the black man for super profits. The arms are an excuse for the British capitalist to make an even bigger killing in South Africa, We want no arms to South Africa. We want an end to exploitation in South Africa. We warn no Wasps made on the other side of that wall' Sharpeville commemoration THE ANTI-APARTHEID Movement held an open-air meeting at Speakers Corner, Hyde Park, on Sunday, March 21, to commemorate the massacre at Sharpeville eleven years previously. The main part of the afternoon's proceedings was a dramatised reading from statements illustrating the record of the Labour and Conservative governments on the question of the sale of arms to South Africa. The readers were Carmen Monroe, Graham Chapman, George Melly and Cosmo Pieterse. The script, which also aimed to give some indication of the meaning of apartheid, had been prepared by a number of people, including Paul Foot, Barbara Rogers and Anne Darnborough. Speeches were given by Rev. Paul Oestreicher. Vicar of Blackheath; Stan Newens, the chairman of Liberation: and Joan Lestor, MP for Slough and Eton, and vice-chairman of the Ati-Apartheid Movement. I The meeting was chaired by John Sprack, co-editor of Anti-Apartheid New$. Hitchin A NORTH Herts Anti-Racialst Group his been set up as a result of a meeting held in Hitchin on March 14. The meeting w as called by the Hitchin Indian Workers' Association to work oat how to combat a march being orgaised by the National Front in Hitchin on March 27. It was attended by a widely representative range of groups, inctuding the Letchworth and Stevenage Trades Councils, the Letchworth and Hitchin branches of the Indian Workers' Association, the local Action Group against racism, Hitqhin Council of Churches, the Labour Party Young Socialists, the Young Communist 'League, the British Council of Churches, the Communist Party, and the Anti-Apartheid Movement. The meeting decided to hold a non-violent counter-demonstration to the National Front's march and to set up a permanent group. Leicester LEICESTER Inter Racial Solidarity Coinmittee held a march to protest agalest the Tories' new Immigration Bill on Saturday, March 13. It assembled at Spinney Hill Park at 2 p.m. and marched through the predominantly immigrant area of the city. Local press and police estimates of the numbers taking part were about 800. Many young Asians and West Indians joined the march on its route. One of the good things about the demonstrations was the unity of purpose which brought together many different organistions. Among them were the Young Communists, Young Socialists, International Socialists, local Labour Parties, local Sikh Temples, the Indian Workers' Association, Indian and Pakistani Association, the Black Peoples' Liberation Party and Socialist Women. The least pleasing part of the afternoon was the attention the demonstration attracted from Colin Jordan and his British Movement. Jordan followed behind in his Land Rover flying the Union Jack and calling on 'all Britons-to keep England white for the sake of their children'. MHnbers of his gang stood along the route of the march. Their open provocation led to the arrest of two comrades - a young Indian and a member of the International Socialists. Progressive and immigrant group have thus made the point to the people of Leicester that in a multi-racial city we are not prepared to accept the repressive and flagrantly discriminatory measures which Maudling and the Tories are proposing, Kensington AAM KENSINGTON and Chelsea Anti-Apartheid Committee's AGM has been postponed to Monday, April 19, at Tot H, 24 Pembridge Gardens, London WI 1. It will begin with a showing of the filni 'Witnesses', followed by Abdul Minty, Hen. Secretary of the Anti Apartheid Movement, and discussion of the group's future activities. Everyone welcome. Further details: Eddie Adams, 13 Cornwall Crescent, London Wl I Tel: 229 1155. York AAM YORK Anti-Aparthlif Movement is to hold, its inaugural meeting on Monday, April 26, at 7.30 prm. at Kings Manor, York, The main Speaker will be John Oaetsewe, London Representative of the South African Congress of Trade Unions. I Everyone interested in helping to foin the branch contact : Paul Blomfield, 3 The Link Copmanthorpe, York. Mid-Sussex AAM ALTHOUGH Mid-Sussex Anti-Apartheid group has existed for nss than a year, its Secretary, Mrs Connie Mager, was able to report an impressive list of activities to its Annual General Meeting on March 16. Most of the AGM was taken up with discussion of future action and plans were laid for a local consumer boycott of South African goods, participation in local events, the writing of letters to the dependants of detainees and a big drive to sell AntiAps'theid News. The guest speakerattheAGM was Roger Trask of the Anti-Apartheid Movement, who warned of the dangers of letting the sale of Westland helicopters to South Africa'go without public protest. He argued that both South Africa and many Conservatives in Britain wanted some form of South Atlantic Treaty Organisatios that would fully commit Britain militarily to South Africa. A new committee was elected at the meeting which was attended by over 30 people. Further details of the group's activities: Mrs Connie Mager, 27 Balcombe Road, Haywards Heath, Sussex. Southend AAM SOUTHEND Anti-Apartheid Group is, planning an evening of mime poetry and folk to commemorate the eleventh anniversary of the Sharpeville massacre, on April 5 at the Liberal Hall, Clarence Road, Southend.. 4 On April 26 there will be a film evening, organised in conjunction with CND, showing 'Dumping Grounds'. On June 7 Mrs Adelaide Main will speak on 'Tbe Liberal Party of South Africa' at 84 Station Road, Southend. Southend Anti Apartheid also publish a. magazine 'Treason', price 6d. Current issue contains articles about the World Council of Churches and Liberation in Southern Africa, on the South African Immorality Act, and on'what is involved in commitment against apartheid, and gives news of Southead AA's activities. Further details: Graham Longley, Chairman Southend and District Anti-Apartheid Group, 364 Southchurch Road, Southen~d. Tel: 01-480 7902 (9.30 to 4.30). Barclays FOUR anti-apartheid activists made sure that school-leavers who attended a Barclays ,recruiting evening at its Kentish Town branch on March 18 sheard the case gaist working for Barclays as well as for it. They quietly handed out leaflets to the 40 scho5ol-leavers attending util they were intercepted by the Barclays Manager and aked to leave. Afterwards six girls, all black, who had attended the session, said they would not consider working for Barclays and another said that she would withdraw her account. NUR blacks coal THE NATIONAL Union of RaflWayinen have suceeded in stopping the d-eliery of 2,500ae tons of South Afrcan coal a ts c sgnee, the Bristol Meehaised Coal Coospany Ltd. " The coal was due to arr ve in Avnuiiu on March 11 on board the 'es Builren'. NUR members refuned to allow rail wagons into Avonmeouth docks for the off-loading of the coal and the ship had to be re-routed to Amsterdam. it now serm pirohable that the coal will ha pce-pcked, by a firm clled Lowel Baldwin Ltd, and then brought into Britain and gold in British supermarkea& The National Coal Board has a controlling I.terest in Lowell Baldwin and an will be implicated in imports of South African coal. Newcastle NEWCASTLE Community Relations Council has become the first CRC to affiliate to the Anti-Apartheid Movement. Now that the connection between the government's 'policy on race in Britain, shown in its immigration Bill, and collaboration with white South Africa is becoming clearer, it is hoped that other CRCs will follow suit. Labour action. FRANK ALLAUN MP, Chairman of the Labour Action for Peace, and Albert Booth MP, Vita President, have written to the Chancellor of the Exchequer asking him to use the occasion of the Budget to cut down military expenditure, including money spent on the 'defence' of the Cape, and to reallocate the money saved to an increase in old age pensions, to education and to improvements in the National Health Service ActionvSACentre PLANS TO set up a South African 'trade Centre in a building in St. Martins Lane, near Trafalgar Square, have been aband- oned after a series of actions which attacked the project. At the end of last November two-foot high slogans were painted on the outside walls of the block which was to house the Centre. A few weeks later smoke bombs were let off inside the Centre's main show' room and the building was filled with orange smoke. Fire alarms were set off throughout the building and two fire engines arrfved outside. Then more.slogans appeared on the outside of the building and an attempt was made to gum up the locks with a quickdrying alloy. The latest incident was when rubbish which had been stacked in the porch of the building caught fire. When plans for the Centre were first announced by SAFMARK, a South African .market research organsation, last September, its director said 'Naturally, we anticiarte some form of demonstration when the yatete opens, but I doubt whether anything iwill be permitted to build up that would 'threaten business operations'. 'Defence and Aid Meeting CLUTTON-BROCK, in his first public speech in Britain since he was deported frot Rhodesia in February, told a packed audience in the Central Hall, Westminster on March 22, that whites in Rhodesia had become obsessed by greed and fear. and that they justified their racism *by calling those who opposed them terrorfSts. Guy Clutton-Brock said that Britain bore a responsibility for what was happening in Southern Africa because it was making a living from the money it had invested there. People in Britain must stop British big business strengthening South Africa with capital and with arms. Rev Colin Davison, who spoke after Guy CluttonBrotck, was also making his first -public appearance in Britain after being deported from South Africa last month. He said the situation so Soulh Atrica wa-s far worse than words could express. The South African goverment was pus suing a policy of systematic extermination of people. Whole communities ware being uprooted and just dumped in the'veldt, with inadequate to -I supplies, little shelter and no medical care. Lord 0i nord, Chairman of the Committea for Freedom in Mozambique, Angola :and Guine, who opened the meeting, said that the wars in the Portuguese colonies were an inseparable part of the fight against racism in Southern Africa. Dame ayBl Thoradike said that the world would be a much more borng place if the colour of everyone's skins was the same. Jeremy TIhorpe MP told the meeting that Heath's decision to sell arms to Sooth Africa betrayed the political prisoners in South Africa's jails, condoned the murders at Sharpeville and drew a sinister veil around deaths like that of Imam Haroun, who was murdered by Security Police in March last year. Hilda Bernstein appeaTed to everyone present to support the work of the Detence and Aid Fund. The meeting was organised by the Defence and Aid Fund to mark the eleventh anniversary of the Sharssville shootings and was chaired by Canon Collins. Ireland Irish AAM itE IRISH Anti-Apartheid Movementiras been active over the past month. On Sunday March 21 it held a commemoration service for the 69 Africans shot dead at Sharpeville. The service was conducted by Father Austin Flannery. Irish AAM's Cork branch held a meeting on Saturday March 20 in the University College, Cork, at which the main speakers were Father Austin Flannery, Chairman of the Irish AAM and Kader Asmal, ViceChairman. The Movement is planning to hold its antal flag day, to collect money for the dependants of political prisoners in South Africa, next month. Many members who sent Christmas cards to the families of political prisoners have received letters in return and requests for help. Contact: The Hon. Secretary, AntiApartheid Movement, 173 Barton Road East, Dublin 14.

'THERE IS NO clash between Church and State' in South Africa, said Vorster after a meeting with the South African Councit of Churches last month. The leaders of the South African churches would be the first to agree with him. In spite of routine condemnations of apartheid, the leaders of the churches in South Africa have no real strategy for overthrowing it. They even practise race discrimination in their own administration and structures. The ferment among churchmen which resulted in the World Council of Churches' grants to guerrilla movements last September has passed South Africa by. John Rees, the South African Council of Churches' Secretary, told the WCC's Central Committee that the grants were 'a tremen. dors setback' to those working for nonviolent change in South Africa: 'Our work is regarded with suspicion and the progress of missionary work has been hampered.' He asked 'Who in the world decided that it was time to se the last resort? What happened to Reconciliation and Love? Has the world body become impatient? Do we want to change things dramatically and violently ovemight?' The Anglican Bishop of Johannesburg, Bishop Stradling, welcomed Vorster's 'no clash' statement and did not contradict him when he went on to say 'I agreed to consider allowing a deputation of the World Council of Churches to come to South Africa for the specific purpose to give the South African Council - who assured me they are violently opposed to the assistance of the World Council of Churches to terrorists - an opportunity to confront the World Council of Churches with this abhorrenit action and thus enable them to make recommendations to their respective churches regarding their future relationship with the World Council of Churches'. Vorster is willing to allow the South African Council of Churches to meet the WCC because he knows that the South African Churches pose no real threat to the government. Instead of evolving a real strategy for change, the Engish-speaking churches have preferred to algn themselves with the i _oa to-lvo 'in rttmen) a tovote thelightof Ch rhis principles'. Essentially this was a call tovote against the Nationalists and for the Progressive Party, since the parties which advocate racial equality have been banned or harassed out of existence. HItoriculty it is the Anglican church which has been most tied in with the Englitsh-speaking 'establismnt'. In the Anglican church in particular the move to break with the establishment and t transform the church into a genuinely multiracial institution has come from the church's Coloured and African members. But it has been largely defeated. In October 1967, three anti-apartheid motions were put before the Cape Diocesai Synod of the Anglican Church meeting in Cape Town, The first, proposed by a Coloured priest. Rev. C H Albertyn, asked that a chapter be added to the Acts of the Synod decreeing that no racial discrimination would be allowed in the life of the diocese and that notices to that effect be displayed in every church. The second motion called on the Synod to declare that apartheid was morally evil and to request the Archbishop of Cape Town, the Most Rev. Robert Selby Taylor, to ask parents and Sunday School teachers to make this known to children, including confirmation candidates, as an indispensable part of their teaching The third motion, proposed by another Coloured priest, Re, Clive McBride, asked thatbecause the Meied Marriages Act (which prohibits inter-racial marriages) was agains Christ's teaching, il clergy of the church should resign as marreage officers of the State. All three motions were heavily defeated. Since then little has been done to root out race discrimination in the Anglican chUrch's own St rctare. The church pays its Coloured and African clergy less than its while clergy. According to an Airican clergyman, Rev. T Nsledi, tn 1968 an African minister with eight years While coitdenming the WCC's grunts the Church of tire South African Province's meeting in November 1q70 adaittet that it hd 'failed to remove racial prejudice within its ranks'. The Roman Catholic Church's Establishment has not even been willing to make public condemnations of apartheid. The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cape Town, Cardinal McMann, refused to sign the January 1970 'Christian Election Manifesto' on the grounds that 'the leclion is a matter for the electorate to decide', As in the Anglican Church black priests have protested that the Roman Catholic Church 'pretends to condemn apartheid and yet, in practice, they cherish it'. In January 11970 five African priests published a satement asking the Roman Catholic hierarchy to open ip new avenues for African priests, ssch as service on the Church's national commissienus and to create a diocese of Soweto which would have an Afeicn bishop. The priests said that the Church, 1practised sgregation in her seminaries, convtfits, hospitals, schols, monasteries, assoctions, and churches, lon before the prese Gover.n.ei. legislated against socIalt Lteoralion. The bishops, 'priests and roeliis- aure divied on the question of alpar eheid., Unlike the Anglicant church, she Russian experience earned £36 a month, while a 'white minister of exactly the same status .received £ 0. . Whsite congregations have refused to accept clergy of other raes. Many Anglicaneruch schools refuse to aespt black pupils. At 'the Cape Town diocese's 1968 Synod the majority of lay delegates argued that the church had no legal control over its schools and that the decision whether or "not to admit black pupils, should be left to the schools' governing bodies. I When the Archbishop of Caterbury visited South Africa last year be was told by Rev Clive Me Bride: 'There are opportanities for white people in the world of cnommerceindustry,banking and the Church. At Church House, in Cape Town, there is not one black clerical worker and never has been, In most diocesan administrations only the sweepers and the tea bdys are black. 'if five people in a parish, let alone 5 per cent, are white, a black man is not allowed to work there. Whites are often appointed in black parishes but blacks are never appointed in white parishes, not even as assistant curates. 'Never in the history of St George's Cathedral in Cape Town has a black man been on the staff. . we have multi-racial ordinations and that is where it ends.' people must worship Presbyterians in St into three churches Church of Souther nonrinally multi-raci of whose niembers ai black Bantu Presby Tsonga Presbyterian A large section Church of Southern plans in September that they would crea in the church. Alone among tfnon-conformist chur have refued to make strut opposing apart The Baptist UnTio aaritheid statement 1968 by the South Churches on the grou and attitudes of an ratters do not enter being justified by fai In JaIuary 1970 refused ts sign th churchmen's hrisitia The Afrikaner pe, are divided assong t titrated Churches. -1 stream, church is th' fornieerde Kerk (NG Minister Vrster's hr The NGK is closely Catholic church ha kaner membership. The Methodisit C has played a hlt Methodists came to sioni re and bei largest mission chu 12 per cent of St people belonged to But like the Ang Catholics, black an South Africa for I separately,. and the black fellow-church any real teeth to position to aparthe .In 1967 white dists opposed the d can Methodist Mis draw more than £6 York bank which-i the South' African g The Chairman of vaul district of the h Stanley Pitts, said tended a meeting of 'We South African great deal of hot a ge-nts. The views of very biased 'In our country is a multi-racial b as a substantial Afri- ist Party and can he relied upon to support Nationalist policy. 'hurchinSouhAfrica The Nederduits Hervormde Kerk lerent historical role. (NHK) has about 185,000 white (and o South Africa as mis- 30,000 black) members and operates :ame South Africa's almost exclusively in the Transvaal. rch. Still, in 1960, over It was sharply split in the mid-1960s outh Africa's African over NHK leaders' 'attack on the liberal the Methodist church. Christian Institute, and in 1967 several of licans and the Roman its most prominent members resigned and d white Methodists in moved over into the Presbyterian, church. he most part worship Since then the NHK has moved sharply presefice of io many to the right, and in February 1968 its men has failed to give Moderature issued a statement pledging white Methodists' op- the NHK's full support to the verkrampte id, Herstgtg Nasionale Party. outh African Metho- The third and smallest of 'the Dutch ecision of the Ameni- Reformed churches, the Gereformeerde ,sion Board to with- Kerk van Suid Afrika (KSA), more million from a New commonly known as the 'Dopoers' is even csn co-operating with more obscurantist thanthe NHK. overnment Allthree Dutch Reformed Churches the Southern Trans- broke with the World Council ofMethodist church, Rev Churches after being instructed to by hat when he b~ad at- Verwoerd in 1961. fthe WCC in Britain The English-speaking churches have had to listen to a denounced apartheid while continuing to ir from other contin- practise it: the mainstream of the Dutch other delegates were Reformed Churches have wholeheartedly endorsed it. the Methodist church ady, even though the But the most telling evidence of the way in which the churches have failed to transcend the dominant social ethic of white superiority is the fact that their black members have deserted them. The last 20 years have seen a steady drift of African Christians out of the white-dominated churches and into inde-' pendent churches of their own' making. Membership of the African Independent Churches grew from 761,000 or 9.6 per cent of the total African population in 1946 to 2,188,303 or 12 per cent in 1960, according to figures collected by the South African Institute of Race Relations. At the same time the proportion of Africans who belonged to the Methodist church, the largest of the mission churches, fell from 12.9 per cent to 12 per cent The African Independent Churches cover a wide range of beliefs and practices. Some have seceded from white mission churches and have retained the organisational structure and teaching of their parent churches, Others d Ce from the American Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in Zion. The Church in Zion was brought to South Africa by an American missionary around the turn of the century. Since then it has splintered into many sects Other of the Independent Churches have retained the structure of the Christian Church, but have replaced Jesus Christ by another Messiah or Saviour, so they can no longer be recognised as Christian. Some look towards the coming of a black Chr'ist, somee expect salvation from an existing leader, and others anticipate the transformation of the world. I In the last few years the African Independent Churches have been moving towards a greater degree of co-operation. The African Independent Churches Association was established in 1965. By separately' 1966 about 100 churches were affiliated outh Africa are split to it, and it was in contact with another s thu Presbyterian 250 churches. Africa whichis' This moveawayfrom thewhite al bet the majority dominated churches has been reflected in e white: and the all- the attitudes of black clergy who have yterian Church and stayed inside them. Delegates at a the Church. ologyseminaratRoodepoort,Transvaal. of the Presbyterian last month, criticised the standard ot ofrica opposed unity training of African theological students 1969 on the grounds in white-dominated seminaries and said te, a black majority African theologians sieeded to be trained to 'think and reflect the African experth English-speaking ence' if their theology wag to be relevant rches the Baptists to the black community. even a verbal state- All thisisnottosaythatAfricanheld. leaderslikeChiefAlbertLuthulihave n opposed us anti- not been profoundly influenced by their issued in November Christian beliefs. African Council of Or that individual church leaders like unds that 'The views Bishop Trevor Huddleston. or Ambrose individual in racial Reeves, Bishop of Johannesburgduringintotherealmof his the TreasonTrialin1956.or Edwardth'. Crowther, Bishop of Kimberley and the Union's leaders Kuruman who was deported from South he English-speaking Africa in 1967. have not played their full it Election Manifestl part in the fight and thrown their full pie of South Africa weight behind the liberation movement. he three Dutch Re- But despite the many people inside Tho biggest, main- them who have stood out against nparth Nederduils Gere- held, the churches as institutions have K). of which Prime failed, and continue to fail, to pay any 'other is Moderator. more than lip-service to the Christian tied to the National- ideal of the brotherhood of man. Z,4crc 4a bi no CqU(T tit c4urI'M

LORD blELCRET Liairnm of the fitlls kw!e Coeqatatlon Ne pfasided oer the deal by whldh the USC h~ea towkeloftigitot Afliot e to 0 ¶NEtI- tS foMAXLT APQ.oteroIe Cotpte~ batseaoser Me e åb * af hyht tot Oitatls a the~ 0 BriItUi sti Corpotioss's tse Vk. Cthe a Instil sone, sl fbyhan Statefroaaslat th Pti LM__tIm wt .ei" ltlrn .ki loc.1 of hditectiroFthemerehart haers il Sä131 Co ~. Ht is. dm mblé ai loe ofivAsm ei e Ciommitie that: diteetsthe SC Gr1 moe thant 15 per cent of who s. 4h for oet f tetlats forthe plita£4Mfi1 fiyt ~ se I fron iheaoth Af.touio åtrets case of iian h et m Soot <éc. a n dto , How thBCsold out to apar theid. (N AUGUST larst year the British Steel Corporationi hantded coritröl of itt South Afriosto holdings to ISCOR, the South, A*kn starte-'bwled trot, and Stået Corporation. ISCOR A son, of the. rnylii Iitrmail wfild the NationalMI g~WlWi.~ ugn8 to trilatl thä South Afrloaec~onoroy and to entorce it&ap aheid poli~. ANTI-APAR'THEID NEWS exarnilies how the. dal ~MnthUroiigh sid how the Tofy oovwnm.t, this tinne througi tl,. Operations of di British naIoUIIad Indu*ty, hat unc. &pn given aportheid fts otur and priacial sup~t'. UHL02k the Drt and Steel Act of 1 467, the British Statt Co~roaior tok o-er f-1.te- majör IJhoasteelmlt tomfpaifis, matty tillt rbi ini South Aft- n0d Rhodesta. As -1ol as shaet it. tOttior South Afri-n cooipapes, t ford Itat! with , tf0 per ceft hodfrg i. haidwi ti ,t[he econcl tafUe t tel liockttioldor in Souith Africa, . 49 pr, cent hold1lg to St«w.tt, old Ltoyd, of Sou.th Aftis, 9outh Afics largost ärthosfatr If tubes and pipes ..d . C~ per cent holdiog toi Dottnein Lotng (Af.ica, South Aftca's St milliorn.-dat£5 hil in R.detiä tho British Ste.t Corporation mt4urod a shotlfy-owned subidiary, Lantashire Stee.(tc(hdesäta> t 1969 6t atAtd that, be-n ofåhetioo,it bad bad abstcly 00 loftt with, Lancashiro 't,[ aoid tt s.w n. 0.e to repat t Ihis stat.enort jo jt t,69 Aossa ttapart, tor t. ccPlsir what it, Positiont w. to rCiaticn to a secott XhWodsiat eubsriay sthib it bad onty just The Brtlish Sttaty Corporationi ~Iud hfvsold out its shAres l. South Afric., At tho Very I-ttitcot.ev pt tho ~roitspais jo whldts it bad hhres inside tho 'fra" eiattrptiso' ,apit.tat camp. With . little dasvro itC-u1d hav, oht.ired tbt extta 7 par anat hölding it .,edd to gami cotiftcyt of itorolso Lottg (Africa> and st could have come to a0 agreermant with Anglo-Atorti vrhla hold tho ~flotdlargeet shlare - 35 per cent joi Stewartsanstd Lloyd, f Sotiath Africa IsedteBritish Start Coporatsost shios. to s.rterdar controt of thes. corrpastes to ISCO R, lo rotistli for a 35 par cent holditig in a atistropattt,ttoniol MJo 4 ndsteotivettot South Africa loS),i whidel ISC<5E otots, . coitroltn50par cent, Bitiosh Steet corporation h.nded er to IPSA iias thrt. in Ottwars r nd Llods and jo D.,osm Long, IPSA te . holis cöopanywicih oow öos 52 per sent of Stewart, and Lloyds,, 52 par cent of D-tman Löttg and 12 par cent of va...... o (Dor5afl Gigs Stateowoed Cecmeio>As a secors part of thoe deal the British Statt Corporation handod aovea Baldwins to Stewart and Lloyd and the S.out h Afficait g.sortiset ibroo to Tribe and Pipa Ind.,tsesSteirrt and Lloyd's T.udrtr the significert. of tho British Steel Corporation's bond over to ISCOb., otr 0.04, ta takea sctoser torsk at the rött ISCOIS pisys in tho South Africats economsy. Any strogth..ieg of ISCOR Aids South Afica goverorffet stfategyin to hrec was. tt fatrihort its aiOt of domtoatiog the rest of Afica thro.gh c-nottat tttpet'tllsOti; it persvidet tomr lesers for tackrling the tedh~ooöy, atid It gives th. goövenstt eddled .wapouts för itse agänast the hig non'Afik.asss capitalisti. Steol prorltstion ha, lorig hoon crtsideed c ~senttal pair of lndopotdent Csot~~i devtlopttiemt besasas tt is vital io prAatltally aivery manuf.ct.udng liaty, tt It i South Africa'sififiteior, that A,,ittle statt as possilyfe shatt bo Podosed to o:ther Åtrti& cpsstrles in ordet t. caerease thocir dopeodoet ~t the h.ppeot occu~fe fast yeer wlien ICO cotiractod to suppty r4a[åwi woith iet products st 15 per tent halow thetr domoslti prics et a time SfhO thor. was »0 erieionnstager of stol ifo S-0th Afbca, ISCOR was tisef fousded --in P929 in rstoe to prömoto induti&[ orlpm by ssrpptytogtcheap iteol, and it hå ot lt.ed t. e ssed ever inrtc fot tho sars. hava gseo thiri itaro of south Africatt steel prodsetlort fatl to t0 partcant of the total, its doilo till lh-t. ,c- tiål itpast, Mot imoportant is tho syeat by sthtth ISCOR sats with ilie gosatoosaf cosstfolltd prices fo, stett piosats. ThIs tovolvs a tita cae.lti.no weighirig toflatloosty offeats, th, balåtts. of paytttobts end tho rie to dmo st. the odrentry bTy ctatillng entaY to tae privat, astlo of tho, tdustry. 'lise 15 par cett pris. tho wbill, WDCO idr ]se ast Inly was tho litst slgttiisat change lo tho prisa of South Afti, an 17"e: fo, tt years, and SouthbAfficnt siel isstill tho ch,åacsl in tho world. l SCORholpeotto itflation to other wayr. tn 196B ISCOR't thoen Chåiitsas, 11 s att Fck, sroottced that ISCOR would dtsy buldinsg a third steiworks to heip tIhe gos'otnmott in its ittsires, agaiot ieflatiotn. As a retult o1fits service tö the State, ISCf55's rttm n capital is . htierthte 2 , per t in ns ~ornoy where weil over l0 par set is ncceded ts attrast tovesimot fro ovoras. Thtt, is the pojot at whish ISCOR has, cot ider attaå,k fromt the rorState eto, of the South Afrie.fa cro omy. Aceording to the yonevrte Miti ISCI>R has imtirodaced 'distotons' toto the ecory. It bas argtad that the time has ,.Mo to stop to..ting 'o. of South Africa's mfost valtaahl o rsoarco as as instrsiuet of pruly' cAd to sart 'rogordisgitt at a.ssos tohich meost maho pi-ofit'. *ISCiO's, ih irodiarctto of . prsi. was mild cooressos to thot kitnl of cmpl..ts,. snd was designted coly to esare a tootpöray rina in the cappty of capital. Tho r-b, thot tho British Ste Corpstiost ptay,, in tho frtist orny is tfuite differot from the ~oI, that ISCOR plys itt the South Affisei. No ted fl.gs we- tiown wheo tho gosetotesot reIat laied h hig British rtat; cotpants in 1967, And tighIty so, hesc.s htttesd of 550010v toståd9 socialserastnddmp,ýite repation of tho 1949 rttmcabouit 'csptainri tho ~nrirnanding holghtsl of tItt ~comy' the goserntmestt otlectirt .as to sh11- thote sttao-captåljst miooopsiy wosits be 'more afficient, to an 'esossonlrac censtharro fl ilt4iÉ *I hed on private s tal. S-byitg wete t. dodlued flisto the heålaede of pi>wer, hetw.ett !Lre govefo)meotan th le "fIish S5l tC.,portoi set dot in tho 1967 Att, thoe politicat orletiAtions of hoth are criscel( to tho disostlots that the Corporattott takes. Smalt wottsior thon at tth. toncatbt st t Labouor .roi Otlitet it ttar ripported Lord Metohett (e dlrector Of the motrlhbot boohert, fimt Chaitmiss. Sfeflbtt has receotly oaophattsed his trucecol~s *helt theo Toles cass. to poser hr, to bleodOtt fb.n.geriat stlyte, ctanp theO tsatshud of ty ie is Corpration have given prtiority to prfits as the kol, to tespastahillty and plogess tinp"t thott etoitns thrat they itnd to -8,1 c tire boffisleot and socially top.e ibOtle- 'utlisatott of heniranresoce Sloc the Tories coto.e to posthiey hava lhad, plats th.t tlle wosld itt ldt.c cell off the Jfritlis Sttt C.rpctkm, pmofltaitle asseo ti tha c lf (roaälty la ,>ngtr,.etiohl talgineerlog atsd ohooliscis, allogedl* cou th, groands th0 atitoneltito is bad pet st. Vet in South Aftife the Tory govocopent is prepared1 to back State coitrol by asisliog tito g-varisroesti t. takt o1vtr mtarets0os womtbi (50 million. Wheur the ido.16gy of fre tytorprho sc ,pposadi to tho id uotogy of white stpremary, itris tho ittöday Club that wtos, What of titt Brittish Stool Corporatbc', oth,, orost in th deal, tf il ~at reatty e.pet to rttak, a..y Additiotsal pröfit" Soth tho (teesin and tho Iohes ,rtrog srar tco a political pi.6 Thay erg.l that oow the Btitish Sýtod Corporettsn has abdlcsted All söstt of i affairs iti South Afttc,, its position will bo ca,-o o tho erit of any piliticat movv, beiog toade agelost Ulf mn'etrttot thore. tt can ålso poiti to the 'futility, of trytg to witlitfaw becase the Soutth Atrican oadhane las. meanr thal ts osslyatoatv stould ho to gIv, ita monol -wy. hatt there is aeother, möte pratt-aÄ reaottfo, the hond over. The British stet Cörpöriott Ihis att ittrt lo South Aftsca, not siply .,t. sotirc of profit, hat Ma at . souf co of 155 main raw mtetrials, iton, matiganete öre coi cokittg soul. On tlitto occsionstlast ysat, th. Timtes and the Financial Times stressad tho impotta-e .f e.p.,tingf thott protiort as bejg crstcal to doshfrc's håaote ofpåyrmls After ahaith. with private c inttl the toapa of Conrsotietad Afric Idocs, it 0050 ~ero, likely thiat ISCOR will sutcedd tn selitg 110 millon tons of tron ome wortis almost £4G0 mllion to Japan, It is how atnios certass that IS(C>R wots this strogglo by offetittt to sitetd- the -ot of tall hotiAge thortgb teliing it, wn cell produrtion and f>orrn long's tocmrotivetid wagönsat s, Ther. may watt be ncitlhct half to the Brtish Ste Compor ciloas dicl stith I SCÖR ondar wiih the. tattith Start Corporation is to ho coffpaoySted fo, ttorman L-ng (nost IPSA>'s t)s.by blop giv, th, option on c,~p trorn oro. tf thisi, to, il maytöt bl at 3-csde1t that th, Di-otorof tho British Star1tCorpo£- atton who ce rfosphile for tuybågtcf-, nriaidntis is W Nt Moslist'Oe Citairan of Stewart, and -löy4s of9~ Africa and former firotos of »tOR anöthar of Soujth Africa's statetföls mång cmsompale, hotit it tf is teresi. Nt ovemsber I69, wifr lgj that 20 per eet of tttane fters the wwl*y .retedf IPSA wotttd b. offeted t the 1,oränfl;hurg -,reck tE-hatge, 'lite stuld have steimt that 1SCQl did not havo tosll over tite new cöiopany. At the ~nt timet tho British steol) co"tsteioi unofficially tofoft-ds the Wts ollefarfonet of ita ihroaab.lai he 5oms. did~oha tt4Wa this otht Mini strsI gev Atyiabsol.ipötRro to h Southe Aftiatof g orsthoo MfoAt ,t sops theedeat ing wont lr;ooh. ftebt 1070 riotng, e'tIt watghid ff010 th e of Stestatt and Llotyds, antd w~etepteert byea British lItee Coepoetion legat esper, J M Ediwardls, wh~ os sbit satosee the deal fttogh. Elslceat dwards wat; made buss of the British Start corporotlon't Ovetes- It,tet tepsrtmett ]The 0vorsea, tlerest opåtmoet it dirested1 by 5 coffimittar, chsitecl by MILtren of thete vc'lart~of the htiill Stsel Coporation and al-o dirnot- of Itt-Tinto Zioc. Pinal ftorm, appee, ts have beeo gitedr just afte, the last Getar-al Fteetion lott jan, and tho deal wa cmpleed At the end öf August. No, so woc tt ,sa made eilher to Patllantent or the Presst. The töro andStool Atrt; 'A meem[,c of tho Co1,tit h inl anystyallrattly or tndiretly tteetd toa costrt made om proposed to be mtd by the Croain om. . . by e sabtdsty. thatt declaf, tho, ntatues of hi, intrest. . and båtl stö take asti part .10n an delibtrattrt t ordecitlosi of the Corpomaion stith respast to thit costitrat.' The Act dlftt thakt dclartion, tf iterststoud b reötded to thieesloutes, tn tho light of tis stoa ho ittting to -a if alt tlit-. of tho British SIt Corprotion' V.,e-Chatrcocn have mAda sce VtChrmnfl m ttioriststi hat brig' diodsong business cotttctlorts, tbsisags nrrtePaasad lustetraalional Moe-tch andf 1),estopmt, stith Sir Hartold M41iiiis, INterio, of Ilorttati Long Afia.VicCheitman i MLilmn- hotdsAdfectohrp ln Ria-T1i.t. Zittc ht-s of RTZ', bejggly prfttt oppearintosg .",rtons st Palahota and its aramem projert sn Nailsibie (South Watt Afrtca) ho has evemy initaes.t hs retebsttg an ac rodtoswith the Southl Afica.s go...rometst. tli-ttor of t>avy-As1bntom which is tiltely lo w-n . Kf, miltbo, contra fj-,u ISfTSK hoitm oportart than what thest tbaec men hava dos. ptonatly, tho British Steel Corporation has ola ouit to South Alrls& hEftaue tItt doel s tas sp-tauti, than, the g4rt.tspi-ss to rtieem ertu aates, we thosild 00t ha hliisded to its losg termt

Anti-Apartheid News April 1971 Page 5 "You'dthink that a, fascist hyena like me would be completely on Vorster's sidewould n't you?" TtHE GAP between the Nixon government's rhetoric on Southern Africa and the pracltce of its policy is now proverbial. ln his reant World Report President Nixon proclaimed that 'racism is abhorrent to the American people, to my administration and to me personally ., . We cannot be indifferent to apartheid'. He atirrmed that the US wil not sell arms to South Africa and will maintain the trade embargo on Rhodesia, He went on to declare that the US coatd not accept the South African claim to Namihia and that the Namihian people should ha accorded the right of tetf-determination But on the exacution of these policies President Nixo's World Report is pretty thin it not sileat. Th fatt of the matter is that the US administration has qaietly conceded to Britai the fullest opportonity to sel arms to South Africa and to reopen negotiatons with the Smith tegima on the hasis of an unspokan de 1at re-ognition of the legtitacy of the Rhodesian repuhttc. Had tta American governmant reatty stood for something Jditferent th oaervotiu- govern.em t in Britain would sover hava heen oblc ta dreani ap the Sisviet noatal thrat in the tedian and South Atlantic oceaes as a pamtes foe supplIng arrs lo Soath Africd. or to ro opei negotiatians , wth the Smith The Datily Titigraph receetty carried o report from Washington to the ef1et that the Chief 01 US Naval Operations gae 'steen w-rning" ahout the Russiaa naval huild up ie the Indidu ocean aea and that American naal oflitets were openly envioos of Britain's 'j,e aatftnavat facitities' at Sinsanstowo and hete-c that South Africa is strategicaly far.mora important to t'he West than is generaly understood' There are also reports to the effeett that Rhodesian chrome continaes to reach the US and that in the latest 'secret" tobacco aaétions in Rhodesia Americans were proninent among the foreign buyers. In the meantime America's trade and in, vestment activities in South Africa cantinue ta expand. with the major Amercan eörporations setting up produatton lines ts the Repulic, participating in namerous mining veni.res through the Engelhardt empire and developing a stake in the apartheid system which increasingly rivals that of Britain. In the Portuguese colonies American companies are active in wianing mining and other coneessions and this has been central to, the decision of the major European banks and finance houses to .tase capital to finance the Cahora Bassa High Dam project in Mozambiqae. The Portuguase military have been advised '1Y the Pestagon on how to p rsu the counter' reolutionary war in Angola and mach of the eeceotly reportel offensive of the Portuguese army in northern Angola was the oatome of US-Portuguese military discassons is Washington. NATO grms continue to Blom, freety to Portugal far ts colonial wars i' Africa. Natihia is now likety to present a real test for the US administration and especially President Nixon's World Report. if the World C urt does deare as is Lkety, that the UN holds the right to enforce s authortty in South West Africa and to ex pe the South African regime, will the US s-ppr; the attions of the UN necetsary to achieve ts mandare or will the US one aguis ton with the other Western powers, sabotage te sUN and aid reuge in its diseredced 'peacefutl change' strategy? Whocms aboutliberty and equality? SINCE 'HE governmeots of the US and Britain implemented a partial arws embargo aguinst South Afriea seven years aga, France has hecoma the principal supplier of weapus ta the Pretoria ragime Not only has Franco violated UN resatutions on the arms embarg,. hat it has detihoratety sahotagad tha eftorts af those couaátries which have enforced a partial embargo. It has solitd urders for weaposs which ot11r countri s have refusd to accapt and ii has also instituted toant cooperation' i, constrating them within , South Africa. In August 1963 tho Freech goversment assured the UN Seturity Councit that 'The Frenct authorities wll tak e atlt ea1ures *necessary to prev ent tho sala to the governmet mi South Africa. weapons that might ho osed tor purysoses ist repressio'. Since thon. in Octsober last ycar. PresitIelt Pompidou assured President Kounda of Zamhia that France would not se[I any 4 wenapons likety to ha used tor enforcing ; apariheid. However. tho rocord irf arers sales and prr isiion uri ticences and other focilities tur na turunt s ir within South Atrfca reflet a dittereuv piciare. Panhard armoured cars are manutattaed Undei Frroch h-cncr n hccth Atri.a *E'ngins for ihese vehic:les are sometieres supptied cfirectty trirm 1 ranca ur svta Djihouti ln March 196l 1rance sold South Africa 20 4Hd engines lur t.110. lao moaths tator it s1d 20 AML am oured cars "fot c59'. 910. ; Francr atsio stipyties cartain types. ist ammniti n and onesis which Siuth Africa is ;unal e iiosmasstifaxtire ln August 1969 gun paris tsorth h725. 90(1 sere sold sia Switzertandl. ln April 1960 1rance sup jeied South Atrica tu ith '20 tuirpedos ciist ten £2,400.000. n 1960 aire it supplied Soh Atrica ~pith misile systems (ground to olrI cirsting 1.4 miltiin. Alt thott wouapons constiute anty a smalt part af. the French commItment to 1elp maintain apartheid The South African Air Force is equipped almost entirely with Freoch planes. There ara at rast 31 Mirages (fighter homhers and iterceptors) equipped with air t- surface and air to-air mies fni r Mirage III-RZ ond 30 F-86 Mark 6 as weIl as 409 Sabr inteeceptors; nuie Tronsatl trOop carriars und fremghters; six Alouetoa tt, 50 Alouette I1 and 16 Suiper Freton helicopters. te aditoon to lhasa, mora recent parehasas include 47 .Matra 530. 26 SA 3305 munoeuvre helicopiers, a furthar 16 Super Frelons and at the moment.nagtiations are heing conductad for the soa of hetmeen t and 1011 ground attack airarft catled the Dassault Milan. The South African nvy ia pròvidad with thre Daphne submarines made ut tho Nantes" shipards and its cre has haen irained in France. There are a'Sso reports of current oegotuattoos Iaking place for the purhase of minesweepers and frigate. Al these wapons, togther with the jisuatly daveluiped 1 ácts alt weather suirtace ad air missasl systom, reflect adecade of lorctFnch mittary support fo the Siouth Atica's defence planning and operation prakes ni dishnctin ,etwern extornat a nd internt defeneco tt ix inconcoisahie to imagina that swhen the apartheid system is effectively threatenad hy internat resistance it will not usa att the mititary resourc!es at iis disposal. lndved i South Atrica's 1 \ titerrorist esercisesthe Army. Navyand Air 1,iore have taken t part togPther euippod with strust ofi the weaprn's uhich are descrihed hY ,Franco as haing tor exaluvely anternal usa. Bot ovan if this woro Irae- that some w eapons can ioly.ho osed tor externat defenca "attacks itu couniries such as Zambia would citni within soch a category. 1ranch arns sales to Soth Africa have hee t ,folliwed hy On increse in Franch trade with Souih Atrca in othor heds Sotuth Africa'-s purchasos from France almost trohied heturren 1960 and 1969 and iis sales tr Franco alsi rusa considerably The net bance of trade hetween France and Sioth Atrica to in Francos fa1our his tradig pattrn. iakn together with griwig French invastent in tIto apartheid system. mSakes France tho principat supporter of Situih Arca's cloims tor a special status o, ihin the FFC. Frenh pari.ipatit in the constriction of tho Cabora Bass dans in Mozanibique rellects tho iscreased invnlsenent of that cirsntry to Souttirn Afric as a .hol. Taken titgether isith Federal Garmany. Ohich hus aso incrased iis involveurent int Siruihrn Africa, tho white regimes have piuerful odcircates thin thie eEC. And ,if Ftrtats lotus tho (oiruton Moarket tho Conseruattve governmeoot tuill qertamtly theow te iis I ton tho si'de oft Siouth Atrica. T*his. in tho years to come it will nt isnly hz tr[taln that nill ha deopty invotvoil iis Southorn Africa: tho t- rtech and flerman stauke ts likety lsteancrs ovan mora in the post toiw y kes. The [alr Wsitrd n outries are integrating their eonoeis even further into the system of race rule in Southern Afrtca. As for tha white regines in Africa they dram additional comfort and encourage ment at their success in lining up France and Germany with Britain as motor external allios. [t is vital that the people of France are alorted to what is be-ng done in their name. And it is not only tiese bilatarat Itks with South Africa that are important. France, by virtue of the speial influeoce it is able to exerise over the poticies ut carloin African countries ahs already suceeded in persuading them to estahltsh diret liks with' South Africa , It is significont that those African states wsich are the most entlusiastic about establishing lirks with South Africa and promoting a dialogue to this end also happen to be the ex French African countries. tt is of oven greater importance to ensure that the faets about Southern Africa are welt known in independent African stutet and particularly ihose wvhose 'goeenments are o ready to be ent ced hy the 'ottwardtooking' enbrace of the apartheid system. Abdul Minty Trade between France and South Africa SouthAfrican SouthAfricanexports imports 1960 £16.473 £13,496 1965 £21.701 £27,347 1969 £25,074 £35,697

"We.ntinuebuilding a i OVER the past few'years, international attention has been focused on the military struggle waged by the people of Mocambique,Angola, and Guine against the Portuguese. But equally important is the progress which is being made towards reconstruction in tltose areas which have been freed from the colonialists. The fate of the revolution in Southern Africa is bound up with the successes achieved in these areas. This monthr,ANT R-APA THEID NEWS publishes anacount of what is being achieved in these liberated areas, together with an urgent appeal for hel, from people in this country who ae prepared to do something practical in order to help. Ibrtugal poisons Angolan crops. Medical services within the ltberated areas of Angola are run by the Medical Assistanee Services of MPLA the major liberation movement within that country. Much liha been accomtplished, particularly in training medical petsonnel, and malaria, which has been endemic over much of Angola, is gradueally being brought undenr ontrol, Closely linked with thse question of~ health is that of nutrition. People constantly in a state of hypermialnutrition are in a condition of lowered resistance to disease, in addition to the increased mortality resulting from star- ation.. It is in this context that fhe PortoF, ese use of herbicides aid defoliants against crops in the liberated areas, must be seen. Among the chemical agents used by the Portuguese are 2,4,5TF; cocodvlic acid, and picloran (from Dow Chemical Compa y, commercial name Tardon). 2,4.5T (full name 2,4,5, trichloro. phenoxyacetic acid) acts on pregnant women, cansing congenital malformation. Cocadvlic acid contains arsenic, and is highly poisonous, the lethal dose being only one granme for every kilogrammeof body wnight. As for picloraa, is a test conducted in a Puerto Ricani equatorial forest, trees sprayed with the chemical rentained without leaves for two years. Measures taken to counter these Portuguese atrocities cannot take effect immediately. MPLA have issued an urgent appeal to their supporters for material help to avert the threat of famine resulting from this chemical warfare. 20,000 children at school in Free Mozamibique. THE AREAS of northern Mocambique were among the least developed in the country when they were liberated by Frelimno. Some of the Teconstruction activities Ihave been carried out within the liberated areas of Mocambique itself, others, like the school camp at Tundur - are done in southern Tanzania. In Free Mocambique, there are now Left: This little boy lives in Niassa province in northern Mozambique. Beow: FRELIMO's Centre at Tu Below right: Dr. Eduardo dos Santos, ehief of the MPLA medical services at work in Moxico District i 20,000 chil liberation n a complete , for Africtr taught abo about Afri, About vaccinated ert sate in drought, andl relieve th1e pe Napahr Guine I PAIGC now thirds of Gui Cabral, at world and

Aati-Apartsed News A0111 1971 Page life in the liberated areas. Amilcar Cabral, Secretary General of PAIGC independent states which aren't as free as we are But the liberated areas are subjected to constant- almost daily - napalm attacks. In December alone, the Portuguese burnt 12 villages, killed 1 5people and wounded 13 others during napalm rads. They also bombed a rural hospital built by PAIGC, and dropped 30 napalm :bombs on a school in the east of the country. Cabral has explained the Portuguese strategy in this way: 'hemain feature. of the Portu.ese operations is heavy bombing of the civilian population in the liberated areas. The-Portuguese had counted on being able to destroy our bases with bombing attacks, but have found that there are no bases in out * country. We have eliminated the perrn-ual ent bases because our country is too small - a plane vhich takes off from Bissau can cover the whole country- inanhour. . 1 'We have eliminated the bases; out fighters are always in motiott. Under these, conditions, it is impossible fo'rthe Portuguese colonialists to strike militasy. blows agaitit us, so they try to 'strike at the popuaion of the liberated agreat,As a reslt PAIGC constantly ibeeus money an material to repair the damage being dune b the Portuguese., Limf mvements from 06iain. nfla Cmt~p stee for' tFreddom in MNfIcanbique, Angola and Gune have just shipped their first ton of clothing and .medical supplies to FRELIMO. A few months ago they sent an ambulance to Frelimo. *Now they have begun collecting for their second ton, which will be sent to Angola. Mach of the burden in mobilising people on this score must lie with the local -branches of the Anti- Apartheid bMoyenent. , Thi list which follows has been compiled from requests by FRELIMO, MPLA and PAIGC. Quantities are not given, since any amount can be used, In s6me cases (e.g. farming tools) it is cheaper to send money which can be used to buy the goods in Africa. In other cases, it is cheaper to buy them here and ship them out. , - The list is not exhaustive, but it covers the essential goods which all *three movements constantly need. Medical aid: bandages, syringes, - forgpskidney traysstethoscopes, instruments used in minor surgery Food: condensed or powdered milk, tinned vegetables, protein foo concentrates Clothing: cotton textiles, shirts, trousers, children's clothing -(including woollens), sweaters, boots and shoes fBlankets Equipment: farming tools, domestic utensils, treadle sewing machines Educational supplies: exercise books, pencils and rubbers, slates and slate pencils, dip pens, nibs, ink. Where equipment or donations in money are sent, they can be earmarked for a particular liberation rhovement or pOrojtf Doinatios to, sand detailt from, Committee for Freedom in Mocambique, Angola and Guine, 53 1, Caledonian Rd., London N.7. Nothing sent for the liberation movements is kept for administrative overheads,. hern Tanzania includes an agricultural research unit where new seeds and techniques are tested before they are introduced into the liberated areas of Mozambique. ye right: FRELIMO fighters learn to do everything for themselves-in * Free Mozambique. Here a member of a FRELIMO unit is making clothes with a Singer sewing machine.

Ani-Apartheid News April 1971 Page 8 INSIDE SOUTHERNAFRICA side the Magisterial District of Johannes- Afnicanstoinfiltratethepolicetoe,army.outh A f ca burg to Jan Smuts Airort so that she Can trade unions, teahing organisations. and A fru ' . cometoLondon. sportingbodies.Thisletterhadanote Last month Shanti Naidoo forced the attached which contained a programme of Ministry of the Interior to grant her an action within Rhodesia, and a request for Exit Permit, but it is only validanti! settingupamessengerservicewiththe15shotin April28., ZAPIU headquarters. Shanti Naidoo was released from prison Another document said 'The organisation busfaresprotest lastJuneafterspending371daysinsolitary shouldbruninItchaway that in every confinement Immediately after her release district there will be places where militants she was banned, can be kept while they teach others how to ALMOST exactly It years after the shoot- Shanti Naidoo's lawyers are now consider. use weapons. ings t Shurpeville. South African police- ing taking an unprecedented court action in Although he agreed thatthelette werewee againopenedIe on unarmed whichtheywowldashforasorder corn mere in his possession, Chadzingwa denied rowdthisfill"atthe oourdt p pthathefavouredviolence - his interest in codClourt hi p peing the Minister-of Justice to grant her pecifism and nro-violence was evidenced by of Oetvandate. outside Port Elizabeth permission to leave Johannesburg and South the biographies of Martin Luther King, and Atleast12peoplewereinjured,including Africa. MahatmaGandhi.Buttheregimes' desire to a 5 Jyear-otd girl who was shot in the chest The two cases show beyond all doubt that ge nd a pregnant woman who was shot in the the South African government has reversed member of Cold Comfort Farm was tewarstomach. 'Others were shot in the hand, its Policy of allowing its opponents to leave dend Arth C adzingwa was eeie mouth,neckandback. SouthAfricaon,conditionthattheynever toafineof1th (or4 months hard labour) tn the early afternoon f Sunday. March return there. It no longer feels strong enough as welt as a -year's suspended sentence. 7. a huge crowd about 10,000-attended to allow them to join the fight against it a meeting at Gelvaqdale Sports Stadium to from exile. protest against incrasds in bus fares. Atabout3p. policetriedtoarrta Policerefuseto o C01ouredmanf drinkinginpublicatthe e P ortu l Stadiui. The gwd started stoning a police vehicle, and b~esweredamagedinaroad e near.theStadium. togun e is. 17aircraftblownup Then about 2.000 people moved off to elvandaie police station, Stones were thrown and a large forceofpolicemoved PETER MAGUBANE,oneofthe22 Lisb out ol fie station, throwing teargas canisters people held for 16 months without trial and near on. an-d practising combat clubbing and drove then acquitted last September. has been detie crowd back into thetownship. tainedagainbytheSecurityPolice FOURTEEN military helicoptersand More police arrived from other stations He was taken from his home in Diep- t armed with sten guns. other fire arms, riot kloof, Soweto, the African township near te training aircraftwereblownupin clubsand policedogs! Johannesburg.bythreedetectives onSun- an attack at the Portuguese air force base The police then went berserk, driving day, March 7 and nothing has been heard of at Tancos. 100 miles north of Lisbon, on through the township in patrol vans and riot him since. His lawyer told the Rand Daily March 8. trucks, breaking into houses and assaulting Mail: 'I have no idea Where he is. I have Armed Revolutionary Action (ARA), people. It seems to have been now that the sent two letters to the officer commanding the group which claimed responsibility Worst hoo ing incidents occurred, the Security Police at John Vorster Square for the attack, said that it had been done **A Riiol Daily Mail reportr said: asking where he is being held and under in protest against 'the shameful colonial "Travlling behind a'riot truck last night J what law.but Ihavehad no reply. war contraryto the interests of the saw police entering several houses, clubbing His hother wentto John Vorster Square Coloured men and aiming their firearms in with some clothes for Peter. but the police Portuguese people waged by the Portuthedarkat whatseemedtobefleeing deniedanyknowledgeofhim.' guesefascistsand colinialists against the Coloureds: PeterMagubaneusedtoworkfor the peoples of Angola, Guine and MozamIn one part of the township, people threw Rand Daily iail as a photographer and has bique who are fighting for their independup street barricudes made of furniture, sew ' on 14 international awards for fis photo- c.e'. eragy pipes and refuse material to tryand graphs His work has appeared in Lit, ARA's statement said that the success keeptheeaoetacst.* magazine thoseiroperation - due to 'gr wo g When t ic pgs pi~ts~e in ( oturt onr,~ If' Asseseedta-ite Ws l-qso f miens. jso -,lrd hiarm sn taow.1 Prtwin nest Thursday some of them said that they l st Septei Iber he was bunned. ast macb glut soldier thesonsfthep ein hadbeenassaultedbythepolicewhilethey WinnieMandeta NelsonMad' sIfe t or "", cm hed i c.tdv.InMal-srte andarld- 1[122.wasco(ic'dof I Th'lreemonth ago ARA cInnedout m igade a court order allowing a doctorto breakingherbanningorderbecausePeter a visithem. MagUhanehadvisitedheratherhome threesimuilaousbonb,attacks agaiast the Lisbon police cchool, the library of 455policemenhave Fourmoreheld theUSEmbassyandawarehouse.Th bombs exploded successlly, but did not criminalrecords. in 'terrorist'swoop. causealy iynjor damage. The conmado that attacked Tancos 4u POLICEMEN have bee intelt ohe AT LEAST tour more people,twoIndians airbase used much more powerful bombs, years after beg found guilty of offences of from Durban and two Johannesburg Afri- causing a fire that wasputoutonlyafter7* cans,havebeendetainedundertheTerror- three hours by firemen. violnce2 ofthem hadpreviousconvic ismAct what seemsto epatofthe The Portuguese guvernmenthaspublions,24ofth foasult Icountrywldeswoopinwhichatleast21 lisheda typically terse communique statBut former Police Deputy Cdmmissioer people were arrested lust month (see March ing that they have arrested six men in Brig adier Rocco de Vitliers commented: I AnApariheid Newt). Three of the original connection with the attack, two ot whomfeet rordpoictheworld o the 21have been released aerhold Gem paports But the govern The latest detainees are M. C. Moodliar, crmewithintheirranks.' alawyerandP.APillay.anarticledclerk, nuthasbecomeso discredited that the Last year South African policemen shot and Johanson Sija and Sidwell Mabutu. communique is generallyseen as an atto death 54 people and wounded 149. They are alleged to be members of the tempt to save face. Unity Movement of South Africa or of the .m iners paid African People's Democratic Union of paid SouthAfrica(APDUSA). Kaundadenounces £2.50 a week. PROTESTS against the re-detent'ion of Peter Maghae, against he deteniun of th eatsofwar. 4VERAGE cash r rmings for African the 22 people still being held after last month's swoup, and against the South PORTUG b hacked by South Africa. has minserr are £10.66 a nithi aciirdii li African government's refusal to allow become no worried by Zambia's attempts to the South African Chaiher of Mines. Robert Sobukwe and Shanti Naidoo to leave re or c t h The average ivuge per shift is 35p. South Africa should besentto:J.B. takingcounr Ieasre,to harass Zambia's A Chamber of Mines Spokesin Vorster,Prime Minister's Office. Govern- economy claineid that 'fringe benefits received by ment Buildings,'Pretoria. South Africa. It has used she alleged kidnapping and Africaniniierswereworth£280iit.tti murderinZambia6fbyePortuguese experts nearlydoitblethecashwage., r ,l nllen frim Mozmbicue as a pretextfor ordering M b"k/illiPJ4JBera port irkerstodelayhandiggoods hobndfnrP amia k and '"Con Pesideni Kaunda said at a Press Confer Cold o rt March 22 that Portugal had threatS anti Naidoo enei war aga ns Zambia cannotleave. sentenced. Ill, hadiad,4f)Fordein tcursons into /-umi in the last 21 months The persecution of Cold Comfort Farm and 50 Zambian' civdias had been killed, ROBERT'SOBUKWE, former President of continued last month with the successful intured. rktdinpped the banned Pan Africanist Congress. has prosecution of Arthur Chadzingwa, who was' The Itra newspaper Vssiiri'i la Bii, beet refused permission to leave Kimberley the assistant Treasurer of the Farm. edited by a railway official Victor Comes. in order to go into exile into America. He was charged on three counts, that he who has d -n very well stat of defending. Earlier he had won a legal battle with the was in possession of photographs of the Portugal's 'ciilssg issin. has siggestled Deportment of the Interior to force it to leaders of banned African parties, and of what thehgovernment s nest step may be On grant him a one-way Exit Permit. But the other revolutionaries such as Che Guevara. March 15 i asked' 'Hsw much longer can Department of Justice has refused to lift that he was an officer of the Zimbabwe Pdrtugal keep her African ports open to his banning order, which confines him to African People's Union (ZAPU), though ths Zambian tratio :s the face of repeated pr o Kimberley, in order to allow him to travel was dropped almost immediately; and finally vocation, aggression, and crimes against to it point from which he can leave the that he was in possession of documents of a Moeamique csmmitted by that conry coi"ti'. highlysubversivecharacter.isedurialwhichisbound10bringin STheD epartment of Justice has also re- One lettel, from a ZAPU exile in Lusaka i more advertisements from the railways fused to allow Shanti Naidoo to travel out. spoke of the need for politically aware administration and other public services, ,en , i say ha C ised patiene hcls t limits. We are incapable I rho same crimes committed by Zambia, but this does riot mean that we are not capable o paishinrg them'. Later. the writer called President Kaunda a 'murderer'I Brazil moves back into the fold. PORTUGAL and Brazil have agreed to give their citizens the benefit of dual Brazilion Portuguese nationality, The Portugues press has hured this as a prelude to a possible confederation in which 'a man born n Rio De Janeiro. or Luanda, or Loureneo Marques. or Lisbon would be a Portuguese Brazilian citizen. In the same way as Portugal is-dragging the Western European countries into its colonial wars. by offering them concessions for the exploitation of mineral ores and ail and by involving them in projects like Cabora Bassa, it is trying to draw in Brazil, On the other side the Brazilian govern ment is interested in the big African markets that it thinks closer links with Portugal will open up to it, Guine Guind struggle spreads to Cape Verde. THE PORTUGUESE are in a very difficult situation in Guine. with the number of Tilr casualties steadily increasing, according to a member of the PAIGC (Party for the Independence of Guine and the Cape Verdns) Politbureu. in an interview with ANTIAPARTHEID NEWS Ho maid that last year PAIGC 'attacked alttheurbancentresinGuidewttheeception ofBissauandBa .... e at sitnation ill the (ale yev niulehiib thgavlhatgon meuly 'In qupe Verde, the situotion is not like Gine, bug it is nevertheless very good. I consequence of the orgaeisution of th a, pry and of its political actiot, me cull noe ,see same resut. Foe example, there is always tension between the population and the Portuguese, epecially the soldiers 'In Sunto Anton, theme was u pasants' stere, which wan very important, and ther-e wax also a strike of students at the' lyee, In the hush, the paty is well advunced There are, of cese, many people in pron for party uctivities, So. in general, we are now preparing intensively, especially for the launching of the armed stJuggle ani we are now teainng muny of our comrades from Cape Verde.' (Iastnt ine the Portugue-backed Cnvasomn t ino the Pirtugeaeder said it had favourable consequences for us. As a resilt l this attack, people became more aware of us. and some African eounrtieIs took the decision t increase theiil ad to us through the OAU Namibia Portuguese troops clashwith SWAPO. PORTUGUESE troops have entered the northern parts of Namima and hav clushed with SWAPO fighters there, according to Misheke Muongo, the Acting Vice-President of SWAPO Mr Muyongo fold an ANTI' APARTHEID NEWS correnpoerdent 'Ou , etveral occasions oar militants have clashed git t ards tguebe, with Apglal they go thewrtu me npde? with A ugoshe The South Afercan and Portuguese forces say" Misheke Muyongo, putelo the hordes cones on alternate daysInd pursue freedom fghters either into Namihia or into Angola, SWAPO has lled several Portugae soldiers and has lost several lighters who have been captured 'Mapy times', n ust Misheke Mupong, our soldiers had got to go to the eten't If killing Portuguese. Some uniforms have been captured We have also evperienced anes where some of our fighters thae 'P o ptusereny thI te Portge. Lrte the Portgese deny thet tues le front Namibia, but say they are from Angola.'

Soia. esodia ägChief Taegwena pve th fosingitee toe ta eia eisout to be ehared u~te the Law and Oder (Mst.mnae ) art too thatr pt in psohÉll the ittteiw *fca th.y sae to Betswans lagt narrth. Tony Milfdarn h Klhazi i' tfi, ssto tfl the presenst tinrdý What are --u feelingt otd the feel/eigsofe Wo s. ngiy ahoust what i, ha'ppenng. Tills lanid is ""' , and -ottiey ythatit ho, oltbeong t.Afalfi. Thye-tcod h en d ,t~ mypeopl..eybs . rtgon worn.. . ito is still in hoapith, up t.thissdey. 'Théty errent my pephe rud gv thant pil/es wten-o, thel people gr"ed to 9' te TIlay -D, enod-rd to at thetfiydo new want telo is she fnaltoo withi tsimi. Wilan the LYitflslt Cossslionler tdnllsad tmhis oded te toand p. ffni thatla en not land in -rde, t. flotase .te pa lo hetile. wo d. not w-nt t. g.nte na ,fl. Oe,tnstest will he-t.l ha/id . j.li fril ersouald t. all M]y peplie. We d. -n.t ~Ast tö gio .iitil, w. want o-,e atldt h»rkonatlliland, This tOCy ~asattOsalbot we dio not -at te fighst. Wc dö not want t. sasiettly acua. enyhsody;'w- de rim wea/t te ahasn at n/sbody; -s do n.t want to the/t sines at nalvsd;-t want t. livl/es/atally with ... tyhoedy tt is the Esiropeas wholst h o,, s~ te dist u/li is, .teoss desrvr p-lppity. te Zptite a. of thO. SCathf Äf ot land. fliý , tieforgivahlo My peoepkiu h- fset/ok That. oattle that th"a ase dtoäng ~Y awk klop awary tay sea 1/luig to ateo-ke m y peeple t that thay mnny shdotr ss with t114ott h-ee .aed.eenalaw.D-ee this Tsy de ye- not adelýt, " ,Ooe Howt mt fpostrevstnn ssa~tst-e of pt/oee/pl,, WIsan & pet- n. hya -9t habea n- Ol holäes ut t e. TI gosa/ennott is oser- Ing on to footak6 oas, haritago. We will not lake bilhos; T1.y san Itop thott ineo we wll koo 2 tsat hptisng, to -55 This is an ate. sahfth -t isshelilod. W, td. not like B-odd Tisi -s osole. Htere h tito, hedis of out a.tts, itsd lhiri fatlhet, hforot thdns. les/il the Aftiani tontint wa,ý i-vdetd biy tho Etiserpexno wci weTe helit. Whd/t s gsing ta happen/ to he entucnion of the tttt/sf t/to Ta7soona feaOpid 0f thay sl- th 11/0 1' l 'et the, tlilreng' fall/er, tio not edtacted. 11 the ,h.ol Sthsfh aislo froo the Tng-n.s psspl Is iet,.topd tntha le fhildren will ha,, to ,esfatt .oedsanted. We .n se t odsitad, hot wai es /ese4ätlu,,r. Sealimtg we1,1 not het. halpoal .,. Oif the effii4renofe this ,-tfitry ,ahe ha-n hson to cahrult .9ny at fil sut/ettog They staat hecaste f laohof joh,. WIsy 4hesid thay b h -fedsclsl L.s0 yen, lnnyeus sIkt at tIhe usioity, yeu are[hA tita studels, of thCdni. J~ losing tsteI with thedpeople and thiti santo. How do yo lee thisai Ont thast point the edvsaslod yoetig hla lik. witld animsals. We nr, kickad with bt, tack h-et, f ttk yo.,g M. /a ef htdto v T'hay heat sts. Otliots jetis the CIf>. Do you tlink 11151 they are people soneeä1sa ift, sitsated? Ti. Distlt Comssiaoneais not a gend Ideoselt 1 my ba isaå wel. t is killer wlst s-t, to -0..os iSm. whli tianssy like a snA- whiel5 swaliew - thaig it .dndoe ,how. The Jistrwt Corå.siofld deanC ~o wvant to me an Africa, IIiS Wi811 is te) daet/ny tho Ats/os harete oflc Isthf this weata ito yo- se Yourelf, hreafa , otea ani, do you -o y,-relf Pleytg , roon ptomnisont //Ofitl tota i,5 rhe ttfr 1 s. noet . pelltest. l tu.lspy ,,ant yii igtgs. E titk that this coumty shonl bl frod sthat ~tvay indvid.al -Wd hats, a sarYi thi, goriseoitt. If th, Estepeai wota tons ,-]o and opetin1 thir govt -itt we ~1,1d dolet/nisne 1/osivs in consssltatio5i atli ose oth-isr Tis, ~osld ha gee<[. The srso thotald s.et tIl 1000 ss, /k ss, set this haldongs to me; that halos lo sas; -oaythiog helong, to s-e WtorewasthoA\fti~t lnog whos tho klsropoaon läst ,,amna They fosifti ss ho-, llhosd w, lis into 1o todlayt lt/-t plats that they fin/it lo bea gd thay sy haton5s te (ham God and ta/Iiis land they want fet thaltsO we Affeansha "nd/Vh inte tho msountains. What is thare, for on toe3 os"Is this not d1,tletivil It is. it vs , of-n4a that rhe ,tfft ti 9heden i, ti1/d by f,,,. Dov youOhnk that ihis is the fensel> We fe-t Wc f-,r hocsse they 0t-sa to shoot sswith geOs. Whs annh wo go9 Thaey or/ot onaj tetst sa, en tito , hit ss with tho britts of Ihamo gusss Hows can yes a.y mythinr? 1f yes Ooii. yromr amoth yes sshit with the heitt of å gi.s. They show ynsD iSe guon 4d tlh/rétt. las ht. Whero ;aew go? esthav se optio- hut lo fe.,r tho gn that yln, can sa. The WatId Co-nätafChIhsea Pioa metantly tocde n estt/are/em soome/ in Sootiten Africa. In a -en.e this inmple.s eso/eo,/ f -iet chang, i, tset/as, iwi/t /opstite o ish, tate /- the de>, Watt e, tc ffaing, 1-ust this det//ioS' iTbese ar goDJ poople who wisha oaly le help othts. W, say that thay sre man of God to ~/tlwth osving tha sonls of othots. They ats good imen who alt with ,osrage, like that. Gi-s the oet/a 1sfsarts of rita Ritodeslan stitton. da ou sie, at the moment, er a/s/t s to -I-Ian things esd/ens Ftitiog end, ,,f/eing, tO, opfncgs... hao. heoinnis ~bmjos to other forcas Wo vsauld my that tnd wii r-mn te on ifw scok his grace Dr you see tho -estfl,en/ o hhed of .dfusta.- as be/oge trii1 at i/or i, the deeopnidsst ofiAfr/ten Ha//ene/ism in this This nsetai- rits se ds ...... s.o P/toeer by ( 0isi asir Cofpyt/git 'The ObOe/rep1 CHIEF Retenyl- Tarigvemt is te be ho with senhetios by te Smui magss T.tgýeambehaý seni/aene11ticklanda d leing ieb Mountinsln the lEtst of Rhoesia. Nobody kinows whnae Cief Tanwatow insat. If wo ignor it wo htall timd that we ha-a ae-mo no -s-r Iha. oawo to pall wageits with ropos titd resi oui, m- ks. TtiosBo,,, will tend ss hy tho haltt. This is tho testh. Wo ar troshled, ¶'oss Gestds not sem to like s. Wo shlI alStays teel thast li is onfi. This skn alhfh ha ges ., ske , it diffCstl tor s is this soiety; hiwi ha gien on wtsite skirsa wo -1,1l hatoe tho guno and stayhae this country wosald ha bollar th.n it is. Thor ewoild ho Dn pedvostio/s. Whot ,1-,e -DoA/ yvu g-e to J-,P fe/ o, Aff/tet /m the, stnl, fot this My wor t adsitt t. tho Aftita ptopie stthat wo she/sIld rotals froms tighintg snooti.Wo ~.1i1d hav Sola/anta 1in this cosstty. 11a-air f ens set s sielani stan, ,ndl I wint nt ted/sat osymtlf te ltlilen-o What we want is a jusst peace. Wha we want is,

REVIEWS Books Soledad Brother. The Prison Letters of George Jackson. Published by Cape, £250 and by Penguin Books, 35p. Because They're Black by Derek Humphry and Gus John. A Penguin Special, 30p. GEORGE JACKSON has been officially imprisoned for ten of his twenty-eight years, though he ares has entire life, as a black man in America, as having been spent in captivity. (He writes: 'This is my tenth year of this, actually my twenty-eighth, but I was too numb tcafeel the first eighteen.') - At the age of seventeen, in 1960, he was implicated in the theft of seventy dollars from a petrol station.Despite evidence pointing to his innocence, the lawyer appointed to defend him persuaded him to plead guilty, to save court costs, as he would be sure to get a light' sentence. The 'light sentence' turned out to be 'one-to-life' under which a prisoner can be held indefinitely, but can apply for parole each year. Jackson was never given parole. His own comment is: 'No black will leave this place if he has any violence in his past, until they see that thing in his eyes. And you can't fake itresignation, defeat - if must be stamped clearly across the face.' In January 1970, at Soledad Prison,where Jackson was then being held, three black convicts were gunned down by a white guard during a fight between black and white prisoners us the exercise yard. When, three days later, it 'was announced over the prison radio that the Salinas County grand jury had found that the guard's action was 'justifiable homi-" cide', a white guard (not the one who fired the shots) was, within half an hour,, found beaten to death. Six days later, three black convicts, one of whom is George Jackson, were accused of the murder. According to their attorneys, the three were accused, not because of substantial evidence of their guilt, but because they were known to be black militants, The trial (at the time of writing this) is pending. If George Jackson is convicted, then, under California law, the death sen-. tence is mandatory, since his previous 'oneto-life' sentence counts as 'life'. The letters written by George Jackson from prison, between 1964 and 1970, and now published in Britain, constitute the most outstanding book yet to appear on white oppressiveness and black resistance in the United States today. It is not only the most effectively political book (and it seems to me to be this by far); it is the most moving, the most beautiful, and the one which feels most true. It is the extraordinary story of how a fierce, sullen, sensitive young delinquent, held in near-concentralion-camp conditions, became a wholly dedicated Marxist revolutionary, at once passionate and disciplined. Reading, thinking, studying (he has taught himself five languages - significantly, those of people who have suffered under colonial oppression), doing a thousand press-ups a day to keep physically fit (for much hf his time in prison, he has been confined to his cell for 23 hours a day), not allowing himself more than three hours sleep a night, he has tempered himself to a piercing blade of steel, He writes: 'With the pursuit of food and shelter relegated to the state, I have been able to channel all my thoughts to important things, significant things. So I attempt to bend this experience' to our benefit rather than let them weaken and destroy me as they would like ... these places ... will either bring out the best in an individual or rum him entirely.' And again; 'I don't carehow ong I live. Over this I have no control but I s. io care about what kind of life I live, and I :an control this. I may not live but another "ive minutes, but it will be five minutes tefinitely on my terms.' It is rewarding to trace the development if George Jackson's perception and undertanding as time passes. In 1967, he wrote: Women like to be dominated, love being trong-armed, need an overseer to suppletent their weakness .. It is for them to bey and aid us ... not to attempt to think.' 'ompare this with what he is saying in 1970: understand exactly what the woman's role iould be. The very same as the man's. stellectually, there is very little difference etweer male and female. The differences c see in bourgeois society are all condit,ned and artificial.' In 1964, he was attribring the world's ills to 'one source, the 'il and malign, possessive and greedy Euro'ans.' But by 1970, he is writing, 'The anket indictment of the white race has tre nothing but perplex us, inhibit us.' This growth in understanding springs iefly from his development of a Marxist isition. He notes that both Martin Luther ink and Malcolm X were assassinated when they turned their attention to 'Vietnam and economics.' ... 'they let him (Malcolm X) rage on muslim nationalism for a number of years because they knew it was an empty ideal, but the second he got his feet on the ground, they murdered him.' He writes, to Angela Davis, that the CIA attacks a 'black person the moment he attempts to explain to the ghetto that out problems are historically and strategically tied to the problems of all colonial people. This means that they are watching you closely. I worry.' He had reason to worry for Angela, in this context, he also had reason to worry for himself. I wish that I had space here fully to explute the fascinating second theme which runs through these letters. While he fights on one front against white oppression, Jackson is engaged, at the same time, in another battle. In his letters to his parents, Robert and Georgia, he is. constantly striving to undermine an older generation's acceptance of their oppressors' values. When he understands that his father is ashamed that he is in prison, he writes to him: 'I never realized that I was a source of embarrassment to you. I thought most blacks,especally those at our economic level, understood, vaguely at least, that these places were built with us in mind, just as were the project houses, unemployment offices, and bible schools.' To his mother, he declares, 'Black Mama your overriding concern with the survival of our sons is mistaken if it is survival at the cost of their manhood.' This seed fell ultimately upon fertile soil. When, with her older son George facing possible execution, Georgia's younger son Jonathan was shot while attempting to free him, she made a heroic speech at his funeral. George writes: 'She didn't cry a tear. She is, as am, very proud. She read two things into his rage, love and loyalty.' Shattered by the power of Jackson's testimoney fromr 'the belly of the beast', a term recenily used by Angela Davis to describe the United States, the reader may feet that the English scene, described in "Because They're Black", is worlds away. Yet perusal of this splendidly concrete, admirably clear survey (totally free from sociological jargon) of race prejudice in Britain may arouse uneasy second thoughts. Its authors' vivid studies of actual experiences of black people in this country reveal a terrifying perspective of white fgnorance, malice and callous indifference.The chapter entitled 'The 'birth of a Black Panther' shows reactions to a hostile environment which are very elevant to similar reactions in the USA. And another, 'The enemies of black people' reveals that naked incitatory hatred is by no means a prerogative of the Ku Klux Klan. (The chapter describing the case of West Indian parents imprisoned for beating their child who had stolen money needed, literally, for survival, is essential for all micdle-class humanitarians who feel they might benefit from a short sharp attack of cultural schtaophlaeni) This acute book deserves a place on the shelf of any British person concerned that his country should never be described as 'the belly of the beast'. Caroline de Crespigny Destroy This Temple, the voice of Black Power in Britain, by Ohi Eglhuna. Published by MacGibbon and Kee, £1.95. THIS BOOK tells Black and White alije what Black Power really means, what it Implies, what its aims are and how wide of the mark most 'interpretations' of the senstinal press have been. Most of the essays which comprise the mass body of the bcok were written "'virg the six months the author spent oo .a in Brixton Pison, awaiting trial at the Central Criminal Court after a document, written by the author and handed to the police by an informer, had been interpreted as an incitement to murder policemen. The story of Obi Egbuna's arrest and trial forms part of the introduction to the essays, though the text of the document in question is not quoted 'for reasons which can best be explained by lawyers.' Obi Egbuna, regarded at the time of the trial as the arch-villain and prime mover of a Black Power 'conspiacy', has written a deeply moving account of the experiences Which formed his character and made of him the man he is today The essays unfold the story of his development from early boyhood days in his native Nigerian village - education the White man chose for him, a God and a religion the White man chose for him -his first encounter with White Europe and America, his search for, a 'Shangri La' he never found and his subsequent btter disillusionment. Each essay deals with a different aspect of the Black Man's world and psyche, his reactions to his own lnd t the White Man's world. 'Mlack Power or Death'confronts Martin Luther King's Christia ethics with the ideology of Bleck Power which, in the author's 6piniont is the only force to 'Overcome' the violence of White American society which Fratz Fanon has called the "greatest lunatic asylum in the world.' The essay 'The Little Boy of Brussels' taies to analyse the Black man's relationship to White women in a ruthlessly logical way, but remains stuck in mere theorising about sex, denying the possibility of any deeper feelings. This crude asselsment of 'love' ,between Black, and White contrasts strangely with the author's compassion, hii sensitivity and "his capacity for love and understanding as expressed in 'Letter from Brixton Prison' which has passages of exquisite beauty and poignant tenderness. 'A Word About My Home', written towards the end of the Nigeria-Biafra war, probes into the background of the conflict and the final essay, Destroy This Temple' sums up the Black Power philosophy and in particular its application to the British scene. 'Destroy This Temple' is a frank, outspoken book which does not try to 'please' anybody - Black or White. It has its lessons for both. For the Black man that he must fight his own battles, that no one can winhis liberation for him. For the White man of good will that he must allow his Black friend the choice of weapons in this struggle, and for the White oppressor it spells a crystal-clear warning that the Black mans patiencehas at long last - run out. Nadia Fowler The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia by Terence Ranger. Published by Heinemam, g2.00. tHIS IS the first volume of a series which will deal with African attitudes and political views in the period between the 'primary' rlesislance to European colonialism, and the rise of the modern nationalist movements in the 1950s and 1960. This particular volume is a natural sequel to Ranger's study of the Chimurenga of 1897 ('Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1897') which was published in 1,967. Both books reflect Ranger's careful use of original sources and his integrity in the application of these sources. He does not seek to make African attitudes coipletely uniform. Both are written in Ianger a clear style. Although he is a scholar of international renown. and this book is a direct product of this scholarship, it can be safely recormended to the non-specaist and to thegeneral reader interested in the history of African. thodghts and views in Southern Rhodesia. To those deterred by the price, the public library should be badgered into purchasing a copy. He begins with Mashonoland and Matableland immediately after the uprisings had been put down: Mashonalend, resentful, still conducting some sort of guerrilla resistance till 1902, and trying (with partial success until after the First World War) to avoid contact with Europeans; Matabeleland, making its prace (literaily) with the white man but then later realising that it had yet again been swindled. The Matabele had a much greater initial contact with the white economy and people, but at the same time, they had a focus for resistance i the persona of the descendants of the defeated King Lobengula. After the first World War, the Shona and Ndebele opposition was much more united as their situations became more similar. They gave up the old gods they had not proleeted them against the Europeans - and there was a swing to Christianity. Some joined the European missionary churches, some joined the African 'Ethiopian' churches and some started churches of their own Matthew Zimba was one such, and he wrote in 1915 to the European offieal who was trying to suppress his church 'Probably you envy me because I want to be a master for myself in so great a work, but don't think so, for he that ordained me to do this work is greater than the European supervision that you wal use to be under him,' Later the even more mI lant Watch Tower Movement caused Native Department cancers, and the implicitly anti-white Vapostori church was formed. These were real, if not obviously political, ways of reacting to European dominatie. Political reactions included what today seem reformist movements, They were an attempt to meet European politics on its awn grolnd. An example is a speech (reported, imevitablyin the CID flev) by John Mphauba of the Industrial cod Comuserical Workers Union in 1929 'You wilt All understand that a man who is hungry wIl never he quilt We want the Government to understand that the native is starving.... We ask the Government 10 give us sufficient pay, bat we do not want the samne pay as Europeans We will he obedinut, hut We must complain... We were all made by God and God has given us minds to think. We have been given talents - I but we do nothing with them.' Other statements were stronger, and when such movements began to make headway in the rural areas, the Government stepped in. Ranger finally tries to show the relevance of these attitudes to today's movements. 'Probably the most important link is that of the common predicament - the European has the physical power in the country, and African nationalists, then and now, have to work out relevant means of dealing with this power. Furthermore, they must convince the African population that their methods offer a real chance of success. Kees Maxey Settler Colonlism in Southern Africa and the Middle East, by George Jabbour. Published by the University of Khartounm, 1970. THE CONCEPT that the anti-Semitie leaders of South Africa, with their history as convicted Nazis, should have good relations with the Starte of Israel. in whose collective mind the memories of Auschwiaz and the Hilterie massacres still loom large, seems at first sight to belong to the world of fantasy than to the world of reality. Yet,' in particular over the past four years, it is a concept that has steadily become one of reality. Apart from a pamphlet by Professor Richard Stevens, of Lincoln University, Pennsylvania, on the relations between the South African Governments sin~e 1948 and the South African Jewish community, this book by George Jabbour 'Settler colonialism in Southern Africa and the Middle East', is the first to study the topic of Israeli-South African relations. Jabbour has taken the two, together with Rhodesia, and has attempted to draw parallels between the three, in the fields of their methods of es tablishment, the gaining of legislative power, their conflicts with the imperial power, in each case Britain, their legal system by which the indigenous population has been controlled, the resistance to them and the international hostility. There seem, certainly, to be some parallels in these fields, and indeed, sinca the three are all essentially settler stales which rely for their existence on the maintenance of their control over the indigenous population, this is to be expected. In some ways, however, thre bookr Is incor,iivt. No4et only is there a failure to assess the significance of divisions within the settle, community, repi resented in South Africa by the Congress of Democrats and other, whites who support the liber-tion movemeet, and in Israel by such groaps as Matpen, who follow a sirmtal rote, but also in the field of the construction of a broad political model This, in fact, is a task that some political scientil might like to tackle, There have been individual studies of settler states before, but the comparative study of them has not before been attempted. George Jabbour ex plicitly states in his introduction that this is a task which he is not trying to do, but it remains a task nevertheless, that needs to be done. Moreover, some kind of comparison be tween the settler states which are either de facto or de lure independent, and those which remain in the final analysis under imperial control, such as. Angola and Mozambique, and pre independence Algeria, still needs to be attempted. If a broad model is applicable to the independent states, then surely some modification of that model would provide a useful tool for ,analysis of other settler communities. There have been for some years growing indications of relations between Israel and South Africa, despite the anti-apartheid sentiments uttered by some of the Israeli leaders. The visit by Ben Gurion to Vorster, that by the Chief of Staff of the Israeli Air Force to thd South African staff college in 1967 to lecture an the June war and' its blitzkrieg tactics, the expansion of trade between the two coantries, especially since the formation of the Israeli-South African trade Association, the special concessions made by the South African Government to allow the outflow of capital to Israel. the claims by fur.rillas in Angola that they hive cap tured Israeli weapons from the Portugiese, and the reports from Palestinian sources that there, are South African military per sonnel operating with the Israeli armyall these seem inconceivable in terms of the pshlicly stated, and publicly assumed dier elrs. Yet with the backrourd of pafaltels beitween the Iwo 'countries presented by Jabboers book. the links become sightly more espicable. The implicatoes of relations between Israel and South Africa pose rnous problems for the African liberation movemeais Already as reported in precious assIr of Anti-Aprtheid Nes,, the PAIGC in Guinea have accused the Israelis at helping the Poritguese. and SWAPO's President. Sas tNujomna, accused the Isr-1, South Africans during his te the Fourt Committee of the Clearly the public image taken at face value. If the real, then apartheid, its col and its satellites in Angola and Zimbabwe, have backis foreseen source that enhance With Israel's influence. i Africa, from Congo (Kinsha *Coast and even Zambia, it c wishes, as a major opponent George Jabbour has paint of a picture of grave sign details can be filled in-a established above the broad identified - then not me SAfrica and the Arab world but the whole of the African such details-if availabler required. sofheiping the avoid the mounting thriat than an indeestimonybefore endent and prosperous neighbouring uN last autumn. Africa will represent, the Portuguese, aided should not he byequallydesperate South Africans and connections are neo'imperialists elsewhere, can be expected 'ny in Namibia, to want to regain some kind of initiative by. , Mozambique interfering in the internal affairs of African ig from an un- countries. In other words, from a progress their stability. sive point of view, things in Africa might n independent get worse, before they get better. s) to the Ivory But in.the end the natural course of hisan operate, if it' tory will bring the reckoning of Portuguese of liberation, colonialism. The authors quote a phrase by ted the iutilines the late Angolan rebel leader Americo ificance. If the Boavida from his book, pubished jn Brazil, nd if the linksi '5 Centuries of Portuguese Exploitation' parallels can be which is very eloquent in its simplicity: rely Southern 'Tomorrow, or after tomorrow, Angola is will be affected, going to change.' continent It is Only in the forties and fifties, indeed, as that are now this book on 'Angola' clearlyshows, no one, least of, all colonialist Portuguese, could, vistaalise a time when their African 'moleque': Peter Hellyer servants, would rie from the status of 'bandits' and 'terrorists' to that of 'ideological enemies'. This revolutionary process, however slow, will inevitably lead to independence and no one would disagree witlh Angola, by Douglas Wheeler and Rese P elisder. Published by Pall Mali Library of A rican Affairs. E3.75, IN LITTLE more than a decade, British and American authors have provided the E .nglish language with the best bibliography, on Portuguese-ruled African territories that. can be found anywhere in the world, in-. e eluding Portugal, where all that is regarded as un Portuguese is carefully kept unpublished in police and government records. Not that all non-Poruguese authors ar reliable-a certain number of books have r been published that seem to have been written on order by the Portuguese Information Office. But starting with the, pioneering books of Basil Davidson and, James Duffy, there is now a valuable: English-language library on the oldeet and' latest of European African empires. in point. of fact, with Penguin's books on Moambique, by the late Eduardo Mondlane, and Guinea.Bisau, by Basil Davidson, plus the numerous writings by the Guinean Amsslar, Cabral already translatedlinto English, thist book on Angola is very timely. The associate authorship between an American and a, Frenchman has worked' rather well. Although by no means written ", from a 'revolutionary' point of view, it is certainly progressive enough in its approach, to command respect. The concluding re"> marks on the inevitability of the independene of Angola, and warnings that the Angola situation might develop into a Vietnam or Korean-like crisis, are the more eonsvincing as they seem to bearriyed at by two authors who were clearly more concerned with analysis rather than opinion. From their study it emerges that the Portuguese have no military or political* solution to offer. That is what makes Portu-, guese imperialism so dangerous. Io order to the late Americo Boavida that whether the Portaguese want it or not, freedom is at long last getting nearer. Antonio de Figueiredo Panphlets Ithodlesla: The Blritish Dilerna, byE E.K M. "Mlambus. Published by Internalonial Defence and Aid Fund, l5p. AFRICA has never loomed large o Edward Heath's list of interests, His onl' visit there appears to have been to former, *British colonies in East Africa before independence.. His reported remarks, while' 'leader of the Opposition, on Southern 'African affairs in relatZill to British policy, are scanty. This detachment before his election as Prime Minister seems to have lft him in ignorance of the potential reaction when he took up Sir Alec Douglas-Home's early 'plea for a resumption of arms soles to 'South Africa. He presumably did not rea'fise, when he embraced the issue so heartily, Ithat he would be busy arguing its merit up and down the world against united opposition, to the exclusion, as it seemed for several months, of any other political activity. 'Heath no P1oubt thought that matters Southern African generally had received too much attention and that a brisk agreement to arms sales with Vorster followed by the South African leader's help with tan -Smith in Rhodesia, would bring a speedy settlement of both problems with a mini- mum of fuss. The loud long and determined opposition to his arms sales policy has no doubt been the reason why we.lave had to wait nine months beforehearilgaWhisperofRhodesia. . 1 During the four and a half years that' Labour was responsible, for British policy 'towards the rebel regime, it was a Tory delusion, despite successive visits to Salisbury by Opposition MP's, that the lack of agreement between the two countries was due to Harold Wilson's intransigleance. Heath, in'one of his rare referendes to Rhodesia, told a meeting of Glasgow Tories last March, that he would have failed in his duty if he did not make one more effort to reach a solution, on becoming Prime Minister. 'Our purpose will be to see whether the (white) Rhodesians place value on the connection with Britain sufficient to induce them to agree to a settlement which is honourable and acceptable to both sides,' he. said. It is too much to hope that British officials engaged in the current talks about talks with Rhodesia will themselves read, and urge the Prime Minister to read, the new pamphlet published by the Defence 'and Aid Fund, written by E. E. M. Mlambo, -called 'Rhodesia: the British Dilemma'. * FoT in it they would find all the reasolis .why there is no question that White Rhodesians will play footsy with Britain, Tory Government or no. if a settlement 'honourable and acceptable to both sides' is in-sisted upon. Heath and the Tories do not' seem to have understood that Harold Wilson with both his Tiger and his Fearless offers to Ian Smith went well beyond what many would call 'honourable and acceptable' arrangements. It was the rebels who were intransigent. Heath does 'not seem to have grasped that white Rhodesians believe what politicians soy, and they think that an agreemnt on the basis of the five principles actually would involve 'unimpeded progress to majority rule'. Agreement on the five principles, laid down, let us remember, by Sir Alec Douglas-Home himself when he negotiated' with the Rhodesian Front in 1963 and 1964, while still in office, is out of the question, and Mlambo's booklet tracing the constitutional history of the colony spells why. The booklet comes at the right time. The negotiations now going on presumably mean that Rhodesia will once again enjoy the political limelight. It has been some time since its last appearance, and some of the gruesome facts which form the bus of the dispule may have been forgotten by our readers, as they certainly have -by our rulers. - ...... , A read through Defence and Aid's pamphlet will remind them of the repressive legislation preventing effective political or industrial action -on the part of the black majority in Rhodesia, of how this legislation hA jiepn used to detain and imprison -thousands ,of opponents ot wane supremacy who still wait for their freedom: and will remind them above all of the direct British responsibility for the rotten social condition of Rhodesia over a hundred years. Anne Darborough South African Studies No. 1- 5Guerilla., Warfare' is published by the African National Congress of South Africa, and is obtainable from their ofie at 49 Ratsbooe Street, London WIA 4NL It is the first issue of a quarterly series. * WHY DID the liberation movement in South Africa adopt armed struggle? Why are the forces of the African National Con *ges and the Zimbabwe African People't 'Union engaged in battle in Zimbabwe. 'What art the prospects for revolution in South Africa? What form will the post-! .revolutionary society take? Most supporters of the Anti-Apartheid. Movement will have been confronted with these questions at one time or another. The' first edition of 'South African Studies', en-I tiied 'Guerrilla Warfare', goes a long wayl towards answering them. It consists of a series of communiques, discussion documents and first-hand accounts of the revolutionary struggle for freedom in South Africa. For example, it contains the full text of the declaration of the ANC- ZAPU Military Alliance, and the subsequent statement by those two organisa tions to the Organisation for African Unity. There is a report on the guerrilla activity in fre Wankie and Eastern areas of Zimbabwe by ANC veterans of the battles which took place there. Discussion documents by Joe Matthews and Joe Slovo deal with the various subjective and objective factors. which the liberation movement took into account in deciding to launch armed struggle, and which show that the victory of .the revolution is certain, even though the path to it will be a long one. 'Apartheid in South African Industry. 'Published by the South African Congress of Trade Unions, 49 Rathbone St., London WI 'THIS short pamphlet shows how the apartheid system affects the lives and working conditions of the majority of workers in South Africa. It outlines differentials in wage rates, in manufacturing where the average white worker earns £142 per month and the average black worker £26, and in other sectors. It.describesSouth-Aftica's antistrike legisottion;,the differentials in social security provisions for whites and for blacks; South Africa's colour bar legislation; restrictions on the freedom pf movement of Africans. AgermofhopeforEnoch Powell. THE TORY government's Immigration Bil is designed to keep black Commonwealth ciizens out of Britain and to let wite ones, including Rhodesiam, in. It introduces a system whereby black people must produce proof of their eligibility to live in Britain that can be compared with the South African pass laws. Rev. Wilfred Wood, a black clergyman who came to Britain in 1962 and is now working in West London, examines the effects of the Bill on Britain's black popunlation. A FEW DAYS ago I was in a train travelling 'from Balham to Victoria, and for once my mind was wrestling with a problem which had nothing to do with race relations in this country. The train paused at Clapham Junction station, and in the comparative quiet I was able to hear the man in the next compartment speaking almost at the top of his voice: 'What we want,' he was affirming in tones that brooked no questioning, 'are vigilantes patrolling the beeches, srned, and with the right to shoot in case of illegal' 'immigrants.' It is this kind of mentality that the 1971 Immigration Bill, now going through Parliament, not only panders to, but makes reasonable. For see how high a social priority this government places on the need to keep black people out that they propose to 'give police and Immigration Officers the power to arrest without warrant and to search premises without warrant if they 'suspect that an immigration offence has been committed. In the case of murder, a warrant must be applied.for and ob- tained before an arrest can be made, but for an immigration offence, no warrant is necessary, and suspicion is enough. In order to bring immigration under control, this Bill now proposes to give to millions of people in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Rhodesia, the right (which at present they do not have) to come and settle and work in this country free of any control whatever on the grounds that they have a parent or grandparent who was born in this country even though these people already enjoy the citienship of the countries in which they were born and where they now live. At the same time government denies this right to British citizens who have no other citizenship and who, even now, must leave countries like Kenya and Uganda. Supporters of the Bill point out that there is nothing racialist about it: it is pure coincidence that the millions now given the riphlt, to come and go as they please are likely to be white, and that. those British citizens who are being denied this right are likely to be non-white. Clause 29 of the Bill is the clause, in which Mr Powell sees a seed and germ of hope for the future (his very words). This clause deals with repatriation, and Mr Powell has already pointed out that no one who followed the Conservative Party's campaign could suppose that assistance 'was to be limited for immigrants who voluntarily applied for it. Spokesmen for the Bill are loud in asserting that it does not affect immigrants who are already here. Either they believe that a black immigrant who ar- rives in this country before July looks very different from a black 'immigrant who will arrive after July so that it will not be necessary for police or Immigration Officers to question anyone to find out, or perhaps new immigrants will be treated with some process which will be sensitive to detectors so that the rest of us who look the same, speak in the same way and do from time to time also lose our way in the streets of London, will be 'spared the embarrassment of having to explain over and over again to zealous policemen and Imigration Officers that even though we have never seen Buckingham Palace or the Tower of'London we have in fact been in this countify longer than five years. It will be the final irony if while blacL people in South Africa are burning pasl books, black people in this country wil be requesting them - for their own protection. It is when one considers the conditions attaching to the admission of an immi-, grant for employment that one realises 'that this Bill will succeed in its political objectives, namely to create a system of control which will make it increasingly unattractive to be an immigrant in Britain, particularly an immigrant outwardly identifiable by colour. Such an immigrant will be admitted for one year only to a specific job in a specific place. For him to, break this contract is to' make himself liable to be ejected from the country. His contract must be renewed each year, and if after five. years, he wants to remain in this -country, he may apply for patrial status and provide proof of good character. If 'his application is turned down, he cannot appeal. So. suffering the disadvantage of being a bad risk for hire-purchase, mortgage and other credit facilities, unable to question his employer about any dis,agreeable aspect of his employment .(since dismissal might mean a 4,000-mile trip beck whence he came) attracting the contempt and hostility of his white fellow workers who see him as scab labour undermining the concessions and rightis they have wrung out of employers, he must be a credit to the society in whichhe lives for eventually he will need toprovide proof of good character. Woe betide him if he stands up to a -gang of skin-heads and finds himself involved in a court case! And what odds .will you offer that the fifth extension of the work permit (opening the way for an application for permanent stay) may prove just a wee bit elusive. In a few years the people who are now sponsoring and supporting this Bill will ;be saying that because of their humani-, tarian feelings for the poor immigrants who arebeing exploited by unscrupulous' men, for their own good no more immi, grants should be allowed to enter: it sl'ouldn't be fair to them! I I THE R UNNYMEDE TRUS2 'is poducedh useful pamphlet which explains the peovisiqn :of the Immigration Bill. It is availabl from Thi Runnymede Trust 2 ArndeF St, It-ndon WC2R 3DA. ice lOp.

SA arms mission sneaks in by the back door. AS ANTI APARTHEID NEWS goet to press, I South Afncan arms shopping mission is stil touring Britain. It arrived here on or around March 17. It began by visiting the Ministry of Def ence, and thnn went on a shopping sprie around a series of arms firms which certainly opa¢luded Westland Aircaft at Yeovil, and pnbably British Aircraft Corporation at Bristol Yareow Shiphuilders ot Clydeside, Vosper Thorreycroft in Portsmouth,'and wHawker Siddetey n l ondon A l these firnis manutacure misitos, aircraft and frigates S whoch South Africa nould likt to huy "The Bitish govrimett has clearly been anxions to conceal tlo tire state of British publc opinion on the arma ssue and to y' prevtnt any public display of anger at the visit ofthe South African team. This x plains m ,hythe isit hai been hasbed up, and the atineary kept as a closely guarded secret Some sources have suggested that the guverument is entbarraased by the haste with wbch the SouthAfricanshavefollowed lup the pledge made by Sir Alec DouglasHome on March 3 He stated then that'the governmrnt woald reserve its right to sett weapons to South Africa beyond those ,Wasp hetcoplers whach at claims t is obliged to "sil under the Samonatown Agreement But af the misason was going -to be an embarrasmet, then at cold have hen told that it was not welcome. The Tories appear to he plungog ahead'with their plats to sell radar eqtipmevt, missile,shtps, aircraft and whatever else the mission dtcidts it Wats. nt of thr first orders which the South Africans milt probably place will be with British Asr raft torporation. It was disclosed sa March that BAC was already workting on plats for a guided misile system for South Africa. According to some reports, the system will include Thunderhrd ground-to-air missiles, and ancillary radar equipment. Accordag.to otrs, it ticlúdes thr wort expnnste and sopliasticated BAC Rapier massie. Either may, Plessey and sobiadiaraev of the gant GEC-g sh Etecit ic cemHne will be.susolvrd in the contract with BAC At the vamr time av.it haa given the gq ahead for the negotiation of wort arma contracis, the goernment iv prtparirg to open talks with the Smith regine. Peepaations for the talks - to be held, iv Cape Towanow arem to be far advanced. The Bntivh ambassador in South Africa, Sar Arthur Snellig, tros bern recalled to Londot for iat conaultations ,At home, the Toris avue ahown ther mereasang commitment to white supremacy, South Afncan.style, by the introdation of the racist Immigraion Bill. ANTIAPARTHEID NEWS has consstently pointd out that the preservatio of bridges between Britain and the whites in Southern Africa Will lead to a strengthening of the racialist lobby within this country. It is the clear duty of thos who oppose racialisn to oppose it welever it occurs. As the racalast offenvive gathers momen tum, the ore consolation which We hase is that opposition to the government's polcy of racasm at home and abroad wil ao gather strength. Activists within the AntApartheid Movenment Will share the task of channelling that opposition into effective action. Top: Opponerts of the supply of Wasp helleopter to 5 Above: lihe wall of the Westland factory, which overlo apårtleid supporters with the slogans 'No arins for SA Soledad Defence Fund SUNDAY APRIL18 MERMAID THEATRE Concert IntrQduced by Bernadette Devlin, with Cy Grant, Annie Ross, the Dudu Pukwana Sextet, Ginger Johnson and his Aftican Drummers. TUESDAY APRIL20 6-10pm .CENTRAL HALL SPEAKERS: JAMES BALDWIN MRS. JACKSON JOHN THORNE Funher information: 607 7633 World Premiére BEHIND THE LINES (filmed in the liberated areas of Mozambique) and THE FIRST COMMUNE Sunday May23 2.30 pm Paris Pullman, Drayton Gardens, swiO Tubae: Gloucester Road Doors open: 2pm Tickets available from Committee for Freedom in Mozambique, Angola and Guine, 531 Caledonian Rd., London N.7 or Anti-Apartheid Movement, 89 Charlotte St., W. Procteds to the Committee for Frendom in Mozambique, Angola and Guine. Conference for teachers and studebts Teaching about Sout Kingsway Day College, Sidi Saturday May 15 Details: AAM An Evening of Folk, Film and Poetry GOODMAYES METHODIST CHURCH Percy Road., Goodmayes, Essex. (Nearest station: Goodatyes) SATURDAY APRIL 10 8 pm Film: 'End of Dialogue' Folk: Shirjey Bland Poetry: Tully Potter Admission 2Sp. Proceeds in aid of the Anti-Apartheid Movement. JointheAnti-Apartheid Movement. Receive ANTI-APARTIH EID NEWS and regular inforrmation on anti-apartheid actK ities. Nadme Address Telephone Metnbership t] pa. 10 - for tuaents. Affilidtion: £20 etudetit union: £5 nationai organisations; £2 local organisations. Anti-Apartheid Movement, 89 Charlotte Stree[, London WIP 2DQ Tel: 01-580 5311. Published by the Anti-Apartheid Movement, 89 Charlotte St. London W 1 and printed by SW (Litho) Printers Ltd. (TU), 6 Cottons Gardens, London E 7-