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IRAKIEN O LAVISITE DE MMEMITTERRAND ET DE M INSTITUT , URD .. DE PARIS Bulletin de liaison et d'information I N° 87-88 I Juin - Jumet 1992 Ce bulletin paraît en français. allemand. an~lais. Rurde. espa~nol et turc. Prix au numéro: France: 30 FF - Etran~er : 30 FF Abonnement annuel (I2 numéros) France: 300 FF - Etran~er 350 FF .. Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication: Mohamad HASSAN numéro de la Commission Paritaire: 659 15A.S. ISSN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE. 106. rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : (1) 48 24 64 64 - Fax: 47 709904 Sommaire • o FORMATION D'UN GOUVERNEMENT D'UNION •1 NATIONALE AU KURDISTAN IRAKIEN o LAVISITE DE MMEMITTERRAND ET DE M. KOUCHNER AU KURDISTAN IRAKIEN , o UNE RESOLUTION DU PARLEMENT EUROPEEN SUR LESDROITS DU PEUPLEKURDE o UNE REPUBLIQUE KURDE DANS LECAUCASE? , , o LEPRIX NOUREDDINE ZAZA 1992 DECERNE A JEAN-CLAUDE BÜHRER o LA MORT DE MMEROUCHAN BEDIR-KHAN o A SIGNALER o CHRONIQUE DE LA GUERRE AU KURDISTAN DE TURQUIE o EN BREF,LA REVUE DE PRESSE FORMATION D'UN GOUVERNEMENT D'UNION NATIONALE AU KURDISTAN IRAKIEN PRÈS plusieurs semaines de consultations avec des l'espoir de devenir la troisième force politique du pays ont partis et des personnalités d'horizons divers le Pre- décliné les porte-feuilles qui leur étaient offerts pour des mier-ministre kurde, Dr. Fouad Maasoum, a formé croisons de principes, car n'étant pos représentés au Parle- un cabinet de 15 membres qu'il a présenté le 4 ment, ils ne pensent pos devoir faire partie du gouverne- juillet à 10 heures à l'Assemblée Nationale du ment». Kurdistan, à Arbil. Composé pour un tiers de personnalités proches du Parti démocratique du Conformément à l'accord intervenu entre Massoud Barzani Kurdistan d'Irak (PDK),un tiers de représentantsde l'Union et Jalal Talabani, respectivement chefs du PDK et de l'UPK, patriotique du Kurdistan d'Irak lUPK)et un autre tiers de les deux formations détenant chacune 50 sièges au Parle- partis et sensibilités politiques non représentés au Parle- ment, le premier ministre est issude l'UPK, il est secondé par ment, ce cabinet symbolise l'union la plus large possible Dr. Roj Shawêsh, vice-premier ministre et ministre de l'inté- du peuple kurde irakien, union jugée indispensable dans rieur, issudu PDK. le président du PariementJewher Namiq la période historique très difficile que connaîlle Kurdistan est un membre du PDK tandis que son adjoint est un UPK. irakien. Seuls le Parti socialiste du Kurdistan (2,57% de Pourne pas prêterleAancà des accusations de sécessionisme, suffrages)et le Parti populaire démocratique du Kurdistan le cabinet kurde n'a ni de ministre des affaires étrangères, Il,23% de suffragesl qui s'apprêtent à fusionner dans ni de ministre de la défense. 2 Bulletin de liaison et d'information Dans la pratique c'est le ministre de l'Action humanitaire et indépendante, ne cesse de mettre des bâtons dans les de la solidarité, Muhammad Tawfiq Rahim, qui s'occupera rouesdes Kurdesd'I rak. Desobstructions à l'acheminement aussi des relations extérieures tandis que son collègue, le de l'aide humanitaire ou au transit des équipes de télévi- général Kemal Mufti, ministre des affaires militaires et des sions occidentales, aux bombardements routiniers de la peshmergas, qui aura la lourde tâche d'unifier les diverses zone frontalière, Ankara usede toutessortesde pression sur forces de peshmergas et de former une armée nationale les dirigeants kurdes d'Irak. Téhéran et Damas réitèrent kurde unifiée, fera office de ministre de la défense du régulièrement leur opposition à la création d'un Etat Kurde Kurdistan irakien. dont le nouveau gouvernement leur semble constituer une étape préliminaire. le cabinet kurde compte une femme, Mme. Kafia Salman, ministredes municipalités et du tourisme, un chrétien issudu Resteà connaître maintenant l'attitude, dècisive, des pays Mouvement démocratique assyrien, Younadine Youssouf occidentaux. Vont-ils,comme vient de le faire explicitement Kaffa, ministre des travaux publics et du logement, un .lePariemeint européen dans sa résolution sur les droits du islamiste, Muhammed Mulla Kadir, .ministre des awqaf peuple kurde, reconnaître ce gouvernement issudu suffrage (biens religieux de main mortel ainsi qu'un communiste; .. universel et doté d'une légitimité populaire incontestable? Kamal Shakir, ministre des affaires sociales et de la santé. Ou bien, à l'instar de la Turquie, continueront-ils à traiter uniquement avec les chefs de partis kurdes comme si le l'Assemblée nationale du Kurdistan, au cours de sa séance gouvernement kurde n'existait pas? du 4 juillet, a approuvé à l'unanimité ce gouvernement d'union nationale. Ensuite les ministres ont un à un prêté un Voici la listecomplète du Conseil des ministresdu Kurdistan serment de loyauté au serviè'èdu peuple du Kurdistan. irakien: l'investiture du gouvernement kurde a coïncidé avec la - Premier ministre, Dr. Fouad Maasoum (UPKI. visite au Kurdistan de Mme. Mitterrand et de M. Bernard - Vice-Premier ministre, ministre de l'intérieur, Kouchner qui ont été reçus par le cabinet kurde au complet. Dr. Roj Shawêsh (PDKI. la formation de ce cabinet salué avec sympathie par - Ministre de l'Industrie et de l'énergie, l'opinion publique kurde et étrangère a été vivement Amcen Hawloud (PDKI. dénoncée par Saddam Hussein. De leurs côtés Ankara et - Ministre de la Culture et de l'information, Téhéranont rapidement fait connaître qu'ils ne reconnaîtraient Sherko Bekas IUPKI, pas le gouvernement kurde. - Ministre de l'Action humanitaire et de solidarité, Mohammed Tawfig (UPKI, Prenant à contre-pied sOnpremier ministre, le président turc . - Ministre des Finances et de l'èconomie, Özal a, lui, prôné, dans une interview au quotidien Hürriyet Dr. Solahadin Hafeed IUPKI, du 15 juillet, la coopération étroite avec les Kurdes d'Irak: - Ministre de l'Agriculture, Qadir Aziz IUPKI, «Ce n'esl pas en enfonçanl noIre lêle dans le sable pour ne - Ministre des municipalités et du tourisme, pas voir cer/ains problèmes que nous empêcherons l'exis- Dr. Kafia Salman IUPKI, len,ce de ceux-ci. TonI que Saddam Hussein reslera au . -Ministre des Affaires militaires et des peshmergas, pouvoir la Turquie aura à abriler sur son sol la force alliée général Kamal Mufti IUPKI, de protection de Kurdes d'Irak, Nous devons aider, y - Ministre des Affaires sociales et de la santé, compris éconqmiquemenl, ces Kurdes, Nous devons dis- Kamal Shakir (Pq, ' cuter de loul avec eux, y compris de l'éventualité d'une . ~ Ministre de Reconstruction et du développement, fédération commune.... Hamun Brefkani (PDKI. ---..:.Ministre des Awqaf lbien religieux de main mortel, En réaction à cette déclaration le vice-premier ministreErdal Mohammed Mola Kadir (PDKI. Inönü, président du Parti social-démocrate populiste ISHPI, - Ministre de l'Education, Dr. Nasih Ghafur IKDP), a fait savoir dans le quotidien Mi Iliyet du .16 juillet, que «la - Ministre des Travaux publics et du logement, Turquiene doit pas avoir peur d'un ElatKurde indépendanl. Younadine Youssouf Kaffa (MDAl Si un tel Etaleslcréé el'si un jour ilcherche à nous nuire, nous - Ministre de Transport et de communication, le combattrons el nous saurons y faire face par nos propres Dr. Idris Madi (KDPI, moyens .... Erifaitdepuis les élections kurdesde mai dernier, la Turquie, A l'heure où nousmettonsnotre bulletin souspresse, le porte- craignant l'émergence. d'une. entité kurde autonome ou feuille de la justice n'avait pas encore été attribué. Bulletin de liaison et d'information 3 lA VISITE DE MMEMITTERRAND ET DE M. KOUCHNER AU KURDISTAN IRAKIEN ADAME Danielle Millerrand, présidente de la et de M. Bernard Kouchner. Ceux-ci ont continué leur fondation Franc~ibertés, et M. Bernard Kouchner, voyage à Halabia où ils ont pu voir l'ampleur des destruc- ministre de la Santé et de l'Action humanitaire, ont tions de celle citée démolie maison par maison après le effectué du 4 au 7 juillet une visite de solidarité et gazage de 5 000 de ses habitants en mars 1988. Au d'information au Kurdistan irakien. Arrivant au bord retour de celle visite bouleversante, ils se sont rendus à d'un hélicoptère allié de Diyarbakir, au Kurdistan l'hôpital de Souleimanieh pour s'incliner devant les victimes e Turquie, ces deux personnalités françaises, très de l'attentat et s'enquérir de l'état de santé des blessés. populaires dans l'ensemble du Kurdistan, ont été ac- Après avoir passé la nuit à Souleimanieh, ils ont regagné le cueillies à Chaqlawa par les principaux dirigeants kurdes mardi 7 juillet Chaklawa, escortés tout au long du trajet par dont fv\assoud Barzani, le premier ministre kurde Fouad plusieurs milliers de peshmergas passant au peigne fin les Maasoum et son cabinet qui venait juste d'obtenir l'inves- abords de la route. A partir de Chaklawa, situé au dessus titure,jewher Namiq, présidentdu Parlement,Dr. fv\ahmoud du 36ème parallèle, limite géographique de la zone de Osman, Somy Abdurrahman et une foule très nombreuse. protection alliée pour les Kurdes, ils ont pu poursuivre leur les deux visiteursde marque se sont rendu à Arbil, capitale voyage de retour à bord d'un hélicoptère allié qui les a administrative du Kurdistan où le parlement réunien séance transportés à l'aéroport de Diyarbakir. A son retour en spéciale les a chaleureusement reçus et ovationnés. les France, Mme. Millerrand a déclaré à la presse que cet Kurdes, qui ont de la mémoire, n'ont pas oublié qu'au allentat n'entamait en rien sa détermination à plaider la moment de leurs épreuves les plus tragiques, ces deux cause des Kurdes. «Jecontinuerai mon action jusqu'à ma personnalités françaises avaient été parmi lesraresvoix qui mor" a-t"€lIeconclu. Quelques jours plus tard, elle a écrit, s'étaient élevées en Occident en leur faveur. l'engagement avec Bernard Kouchner, une longue et émouvante lellre au à titre personnel, souventà contre courant de la diplomatie Secrétaire général de l'ONU portant témoignage de sa française, de l'épouse du chef d'Etat a joué un rôle visiteau Kurdistan, lettrepubliée dans LeMondedu 18 juillet considérable dans la prise de conscience par les occiden- 1992 (cf.
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