ELEMENTS of ART in a 3Rd Grade Art FLEX Curriculum, This Sample Scope and Sequence Shows How All of the Elements of Art Can Be Covered and Explored

BEGINNER: ELEMENTS OF ART In a 3rd grade art FLEX curriculum, this sample scope and sequence shows how all of the elements of art can be covered and explored. Starting with line and ending with form, students can practice their creativity and gain knowledge of the elements of art through a variety of media. FLEX resources can also be paired to support learning.

ELEMENT LINE SHAPE COLOR VALUE TEXTURE SPACE FORM

Lessons

Shape Collaborative Sculpting a Wire Face Relief Printed Line Castles Leaf Prints Moonlit Midnight Texture Dot Prints Mural Community Sculpture

BASIC SHAPES COLOR WHEEL ALL ABOUT VALUE WHAT IS SPACE: TEXTURE? CREATING THE ILLUSION OF DEPTH PRIMARY Value describes the lightness CIRCLE or darkness of a surface. Y ELLOW VALUE CIRCLE SQUARE Texture describes the surface quality of an object.

E YE NG LL A OW Artists use both actual texture (how things feel) and R - -O G W RE O E S LL N VALUE SCALE SQUARE E E implied texture (how things look like they feel).

Y Y C R O Forms are three-dimensional (length, width, { } A OVERLAPPING SIZE G N D E R D N Objects that are closer to the viewer overlap Objects that are far away appear smaller. G E A height) and can be viewed from many angles. O N E objects that are behind them. Objects that are close up appear larger. N R A C Y E R

O Forms have volume and take up space.

GRADIENT

OVAL

PRIMARY OVAL B E

G U

R R

A line is a path made by a moving point O E

through space. It is one-dimensional and can

Resources

vary in width, direction, and length.

TRIANGLE FOCUS PLACEMENT

RECTANGLE

TINT

SECONDARY Objects that are far away appear lighter in Objects closer to the horizon line appear

B color and less clear than objects that are close. farther away.

Y D

A A

M SHADE

T Vanishing Point E

I O

O I

I O T L

TRIANGLE E TONE

RECTANGLE

C Y O R N A D

VALUE PERSPECTIVE Adding shading to two-dimensional shapes Depth can be created through the use of one can make them appear three-dimensional. vanishing point.

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu

Videos

Piet Sarah Helen Rembrandt Vincent van Gogh Barbara Leonardo Mondrian Morris Frankenthaler van Rijn 1853-1890 Hepworth Da Vinci Dutch Painter

HISTORY Famous for use of dense, HISTORY HISTORY visible brushstrokes and Raised by his grandfather in Achiano, Italy, da Vinci left home at HISTORY Rembrandt van Rijn was born in 1606 in Leiden, Netherlands. He HISTORY HISTORY fourteen to serve as an artist’s apprentice in Florence. There, da Vinci Piet Mondrian was born in Amersfoort in the Netherlands in Helen Frankenthaler was the daughter of New York State Supreme began training as an artist in 1620 at age 14. In 1625 he began symbolic colors Sarah Morris was born in Sevenoaks, southeast of London, England. Barbara Hepworth was born in Yorkshire, England. As a girl she worked for Andrea del Verrocchio, an artist trained by Donatello, 1872. He attended the Academy for Fine Art in Amsterdam Court Justice Alfred Frankenthaler and his wife, Martha. She creating small works full of rich detail. He also began making She studied at Cambridge University and then Brown University, traveled the countryside with her civil engineer father, who worked who worked for a powerful family credited with the success of the and worked as a teacher and painter. In the early 20th century, attended Dalton School and Bennington College, graduating in 1949. etchings showing a unique mastery of light and shadow. After where she earned a degree in philosophy and semiotics (the study of for the West Riding County Council. Hepworth attended Wakefield Renaissance movement. While working for Verrocchio, da Vinci he decided to move to Paris--the place where all the newest Frankenthaler was part of the second generation of the postwar moving to Amsterdam, he began creating large-scale, dramatic how signs and symbols create meaning). After that, she was part of Girls’ High School and the Leeds School of Art before moving to studied the humanities, molding his imagination while understanding ideas in art were being explored. He left behind his home in American abstract painters. She was a major influence in taking paintings of biblical and mythological scenes. Despite his artistic FAMOUS WORKS the Whitney Museum of American Art Independent Study Program Café Terrace At Night, 1888 London to study sculpture at the Royal College of Art. A year after relationships between individuals and the world as a whole. the Netherlands in 1911, as well as the woman he loved, to painting from Abstract Expressionism to Color Field painting. success, his family life was marked by tragedy. Three of his while working as an assistant for American artist Jeff Koons. graduating, she was awarded a West Riding Scholarship for a one- pursue his career in art. He became a success, and his work children died within five years, and his wife died shortly after; The Starry Night, 1889 1903-1975 year opportunity to travel abroad. She went to Italy, where a master- went on to influence artists, fashion designers, and even however, he continued creating magnificent works until his death KNOWN FOR carver taught her how to carve marble. furniture designers! KNOWN FOR 1872-1944 KNOWN FOR in 1669. English sculptor Da Vinci is famous for a painting technique called sfumato, which Morris is known for her abstract paintings, which feature bright color Frankenthaler is best known for her “soak-stain technique” that KNOWN FOR Born 1967 blends colors and lines to create a soft effect. He famously used fields, sharp lines, and repeating shapes. She is also a filmmaker impacted abstract painting in unique ways. Frankenthaler would pour KNOWN FOR Dutch Painter KNOWN FOR 1928-2011 1606-1669 KNOWN FOR Van Gogh is best known for his use HISTORY Famous for her simple this technique on The Last Supper, a fresco painted on wet plaster. who focuses attention on the power and control behind places and thinned oil paint onto an unprimed canvas to create loose fields with Hepworth is known for her simple, beautiful works made out of Mondrian is best known for his abstract paintings. His of visible, often curling brushstrokes. Da Vinci is also known for painting realistic facial expressions, such clear color. The thinned paint combined with an unprimed canvas Rembrandt, through his drawings, paintings, and etchings, is Vincent van Gogh began his career as an art dealer in Paris. Upon Modernist forms 1452-1519 British-born American events. For both her painting and her films, she finds inspiration in a wide range of materials. She believed in letting the physical as the Mona Lisa’s famous smirk. Beyond his artistic achievements, paintings did not depict recognizable things such as people widely considered one of the greatest artists who ever lived. His use of color often symbolizes Famous for abstract the architecture and energy of the world’s major cities. American Painter allowed the paint to immediately soak into the canvas, creating an Dutch Painter being fired after ten years of service, van Gogh pursued a career as characteristics of those materials guide her work rather than forcing or objects; instead, his abstractions use colors, shapes, and painter and filmmaker emotion, conveying more than just however, da Vinci is widely recognized for his genius in the world of Artist Bios effect that was similar to watercolor. He was incredibly prolific and innovative, but the works that a preacher. He was also dismissed from this position, as he was seen Italian Painter, Sculptor, work with simple shapes the materials into a shape. Her work is renowned for its brilliant use engineering and science. textures throughout. Mondrian’s style is instantly recognizable receive the most recognition are his portraits, self-portraits, and a subject. In addition to his unique FAMOUS WORKS Famous for abstract Famous for drawing, as being too enthusiastic in his faith. His solution was to become an of form and negative space. She wanted to create pieces that had and Inventor and primary colors for its geometry and simplicity, and his writing about art Famous for her brightly- CAREER illustrations of Bible scenes. He turned etching from a novelty painting style, van Gogh is known for Mother and Child, 1927 artist, as he figured he could spread God’s word through art. a calming effect. To achieve that, she let the landscape and nature influenced a plethora of artists throughout the years. painting using her CAREER his erratic behavior, most famously colored geometric Morris started out making large-scale text paintings that included painting, and into a new form of art, and his mastery of light and shadow is Pierced Form, 1932 CAREER The soak-stain technique was first used in Frankenthaler’s Mountains cutting off his own ear. He created inspire her. Famous for painting The abstract painting wording from sensationalized news stories. She then moved to single- “soak-stain technique” printmaking second to none. He created a number of huge, dramatic paintings Throughout his life, da Vinci held many important roles and and Sea (1952). Her first major show was at the Jewish Museum in some of his most famous works while CAREER Pelagos, 1946 Mona Lisa and The Last FAMOUS WORKS CAREER word paintings based on vocabulary from magazine headlines and showcasing his skill and ability to interpret stories from the past. continuously impressed others through his ingenuity. Early in his advertising. In the late 1990s, she began creating abstract paintings 1960, reflective of the 1969 showing at Whitney Museum of American hospitalized due to mental illness. Unfortunately, van Gogh’s genius was not fully appreciated until Two Figures (Menhirs), 1954-55 CAREER Supper Tableau I (1921) After moving to Paris in 1911, Mondrian created slightly career, da Vinci worked on the Duke of Milan’s court, studying FAMOUS WORKS that use tilted geometric shapes and bright colors to add a sense Art and European Tour that strengthened Frankenthaler’s influence FAMOUS WORKS Despite getting help, van Gogh went after his death, evidenced by the fact that only one of his paintings abstract works, though they were still grounded in realism. FAMOUS WORKS Winged Figure, 1961-62 Hepworth’s early work depicted recognizable figures, but it became human anatomy. He began, but did not necessarily complete, a Composition II in Red, Blue, and on art. Today Frankenthaler’s work is still often displayed in group CAREER into a deep depression, and a year sold while he was alive. His brother Theo, who was also his art The Mirage, 1999 of depth. Morris has had, and continues to have, solo exhibitions Mountains and Sea, 1952 The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes more abstract as other artists’ influences changed her approach. large collection of drawings that explore body movement and Later he moved toward abstraction. He thought beauty came Rembrandt’s style continually evolved during his lifetime; he Yellow (1930) worldwide. She lives and works in both New York and London. exhibitions, such as Women of Abstract Expressionism at the later, died by suicide. dealer and main source of income, believed his paintings would not from simplicity, and he eventually limited his painting palette People’s Bank, 2004 Tulp, 1632 She and her family moved to the seaside town of St. Ives in Cornwall proportions. He later worked as a military engineer and map-maker Mother Goose Melody, 1959 Denver Art Museum in 2016-2017. Frankenthaler has received much worked with different sizes, different media, and different subjects sell because they did not fit the style of the popular Impressionists Composition No. 10 (1939–42) to the three primary colors (red, yellow, and blue) and the at the outbreak of World War II, and she began incorporating the while travelling through Italy. Upon arriving in Florence, da Vinci 1972, 2008 Pink Lady, 1963 recognition. To name just a few, Frankenthaler was on the National The Raising of Lazarus, 1632 throughout his career. He was successful not only as a young of the time. This, along with the style of Peter Paul Rubens, shapes and sights of coastal life into her pieces. Though she had four FAMOUS WORKS began some of his most famous paintings, including the Mona Lisa. Place de la Concorde (1943) three primary values (black, white, and gray). His simple painter and but remained widely popular throughout his career. In Big Ben 2012, 2011 Council of the Arts of the National Endowment for the Arts from 1985 The Night Watch, 1642 influenced van Gogh to change his style, adopting the use of lighter compositions remained an influence on all types of art and Island, 1965 children, Hepworth saw motherhood as an inspiration rather than an The Last Supper, 1498 Following this period, he devoted himself to other studies, including Victory Boogie Woogie (1942–44) to 1992, received a National Medal of Arts in 2001, and was appointed his lifetime, he was known as the greatest etcher in history, and he colors and lighter brushstrokes. His most famous pieces were design, and he is respected as one of the greatest Modernist Chicago, 2011 The Three Trees, 1643 obstacle, and she scheduled daily time for creating her artwork. Her architecture and engineering, developing a flying machine, military Chairman of the Board, 1971 an Honorary Academician of the Royal Academy of Arts in London in was famous around the world for this talent. No matter what he produced after adopting this style. The Mona Lisa, 1503 artists. work was respected and popular throughout her lifetime, but her weapons, and a large crossbow. Da Vinci spent the last years of Grey Fireworks, 1982 2011. The Mill, 1648 created, his artistic skill was evident, and his talent clearly places Vitruvian Man career was cut short when she died in a fire in her studio in 1975. his life in Rome, where he served under King François I. There, he The Goldsmith, 1655 him as one of the greatest artists in history. developed his philosophies on both the sciences and the arts through the arrangement of his lifelong studies and notes, solidifying his Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890). (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from genius before his death in 1519. Arnason, H. H., & Mansfield, E. (2013). History of modern art. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson. Biography - Helen Frankenthaler. (2017). Retrieved from www.frankenthalerfoundation.org/helen/biography. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gogh/hd_gogh.htm Galpin, A. (2015). Women and Abstraction. Winter Park, FL: Cornell Fine Arts Museum. Arnason, H. H., & Mansfield, E. (2013). History of modern art. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson. Curtis, P. (2001). Barbara Hepworth. Revised edition. London: Tate. Piet Mondrian (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2018, from https://www.piet-mondrian.org “Soak-stain” artist Helen Frankenthaler is born. (n.d.). Vincent van Gogh’s Life and Legacy. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from Paul, F. (2015). Sarah Morris: CAPITAL Letters Read Better for Initials. Berlin: August Verlag. Michel, E., Rembrandt Harmenszoon Van Rijn, Wedmore, F. & Levis, H. C. (1903) Rembrandt--his life, his work, and his time // Hepworth, B. (1978). Barbara Hepworth: A Pictorial Autobiography. London: Tate Gallery. Retrieved from jwa.org/thisweek/dec/12/1928/this-week-in-history-soak-stain-artist-helen-frankenthaler-is-born. https://www.theartstory.org/artist-van-gogh-vincent-life-and-legacy.htm#biography_header Piet Mondrian, 1930, Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow [oil on canvas], Kunsthaus, Zürich Sarah Morris (2011). Big Ben 2012 [Screenprint on paper]. by Emile Michel; from the French by Florence Simmonds ; edited by Frederick Wedmore. London: W. Heinemann; New Barbara Hepworth (1946). Pelagos [Elm and strings on oak base]. Leonardo da Vinci. (n.d.) Retrieved January 26, 2019, from https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/leon/hd_leon.htm Helen Frankenthaler (19765). Island [Acrylic on canvas]. Yale University Gallery, New Haven, CT York: C. Scribner’s Sons. Vincent van Gogh (1889). The Starry Night [oil on canvas]. Museum of Modern Art: New York, NY. Leonardo da Vinci’s Life and Legacy. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2019, from Rembrandt van Rijn (1642). The Night Watch [Oil on canvas]. Amsterdam Museum on permanent loan to the Rijksmuseum, https://www.theartstory.org/artist-da-vinci-leonardo-life-and-legacy.htm#biography_header Amsterdam Leonardo da Vinci. (1503). The Mona Lisa [Oil on wood panel]. Louvre Museum: Paris, FR

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu BEGINNER: PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN In a 3rd grade art FLEX curriculum, this sample scope and sequence shows how all of the principles of design can be covered and explored. Starting with balance and ending with rhythm, students can practice their creativity and gain knowledge of the principles of design through a variety of media. FLEX resources can also be paired to support learning.

PRINCIPLE BALANCE CONTRAST EMPHASIS PATTERN UNITY MOVEMENT REPETITION

Lessons

The Golden Ratio: City Lights In Oil Pastel Food in Art, Painted Paper Lines and Shapes Texture as From Ordinary to Fact or Fiction? Then and Now Weaving of Unity Movement Fantastic

USING SHAPES TO WHAT IS MOVEMENT IN ART? TYPES OF BALANCE UNDERSTANDING TYPES OF PATTERN WHAT IS HOW IS REPETITION USED POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SPACE PLAN COMPOSITION MOVEMENT IS A Arranging shapes can create balance. UNITY? TO CREATE MOVEMENT? RADIAL PRINCIPLE OF ART. The design emerges from a central point. GREAT EXAMPLES OF BALANCE Positive space is made up of the objects in your picture. MOVEMENT IN ART CAN SHOW ACTION. Negative space is the picture’s background. Unity means that all elements within the artwork are in harmony. Variety within elements adds interest to the composition. Repetition occurs when a line, { } MOVEMENT IN ART CAN shape, or color is used over and over again, in a repeating way. Wide Stripes Thin Stripes Polka Dots LEAD THE VIEWER’S EYE.

MOVEMENT IN ART CAN ADD A SENSE OF ENERGY.

MOVEMENT IN ART CAN

CREATE DRAMA. Repetition can create be used to Gingham Houndstooth Plaid SYMMETRICAL ASYMMETRICAL to move the viewer’s eye across The two sides are the same. The two sides are different, MOVEMENT IN ART CAN the composition. Resources but visually weighted equally. NOT-SO-GREAT EXAMPLES OF BALANCE ADD A FEELING OF EXCITEMENT.

MOVEMENT IN ART CAN ADD INTEREST.

Paisley Chevron Checkerboard MOVEMENT IN ART Repetition can be used to create implied movement when an object ADDS TO THE COMPOSITION. is repeated and repositioned to create a visual sequence. MOVEMENT IN ART CAN HELP TELL A STORY OR COMMUNICATE A MESSAGE. Scales Camouflage Floral

Keith Haring Yayoi Kusama Vincent van Gogh Sandy Skoglund Henri Frida Takashi 1958-1990 1853-1890 Born 1946 Kahlo Born 1929 Matisse American Pop and Street Murakami Dutch Painter American Conceptual Japanese Sculptor Artist Artist Famous for use of dense, Famous for polka dot Famous for his New York visible brushstrokes and Famous for creating and HISTORY HISTORY artworks and Infinity HISTORY Henri Matisse originally went to school to become a lawyer in 1887, City subway art and symbolic colors photographing dream- Frida Kahlo’s life began and ended in Mexico City. As a child, she Rooms Japanese animation appealed to Takashi Murakami from a young age. but two years later, his mother bought him art supplies following street culture like and fantastical had polio and also survived a terrible bus crash. These incidents left He initially planned to study background art for animations. Instead, his bout of appendicitis. Painting brought Matisse so much joy her with lifelong health problems. At age 22, she married the famous he focused on the traditional Japanese painting style Nihonga at situations that he left law school for the art school Académie Julian in 1891. HISTORY FAMOUS WORKS painter Diego Rivera. They had a tumultuous marriage, actually FAMOUS WORKS the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, where his early FAMOUS WORKS Originally Matisse painted still-lifes and landscapes, but he was also a Keith Haring was the firstborn of four children and raised in We the Youth (1987) divorcing later and remarrying one year later. Kahlo was active in Narcissus Garden, 1966 work reflected the post-World War II relationship between Japan and draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor. Café Terrace At Night, 1888 Pennsylvania. He and his father bonded over drawing and he also politics, and she traveled the world and painted throughout her life. Born 1962 the United States. After graduation, a fellowship in New York inspired FAMOUS WORKS Pop Shop IV (1989) grew up drawing with his youngest sister. Cartoons and book Pumpkin, 1983 The Starry Night, 1889 him to combine his strengths in Nihonga with the Japanese pop Fox Games, 1989 Crack is Wack (1986) illustrations were a major source of inspiration for the young artist. Sunlight, 1998 KNOWN FOR Japanese contemporary culture forms of anime and manga. He created his anime-inspired Radioactive Cats, 1980 Andy Mouse (1986) He began his formal art training in Pittsburgh where he studied KNOWN FOR Matisse was a struggling artist for the majority of his career. However, Dots Obsession, 2003 artist figure Mr. DOB after researching the worldwide success of characters graphic design, but dropped out after only a year. When he was Kahlo is best known for her self-portraits and the pain, passion, and Revenge of the Goldfish, 1980 Untitled (1982) HISTORY like Mickey Mouse and Hello Kitty. KNOWN FOR he is known for being one of the founding members of the “Fauves” 20, he decided to move to the Big Apple where he studied at the Ascension of Polka Dots, 2017 The Green House, 1990 1869-1954 1907-1954 emotion that come through in her work. She filled her paintings with Van Gogh is best known for his use HISTORY group. Fauvism was a movement in the early 20th century that used School of the Visual Arts. It was in New York that he found his Yayoi Kusama was born in 1929 in Matsumoto, Japan. She always Famous fun, colorful HISTORY items inspired by the nature and artifacts of Mexican culture. Her of visible, often curling brushstrokes. The Cocktail Party, 1992 Sandy Skoglund has lived all around the United States, from the strong colors that would not ordinarily be found in the still-life or community, including many now well-known artists. Through the painted as a child, filling her works with thousands of dots. After a KNOWN FOR Vincent van Gogh began his career as an art dealer in Paris. Upon KNOWN FOR original style combined Mexican folk art, realism, and surrealism, and work that mixes fine art His use of color often symbolizes Spirituality in the Flesh, 1992 East Coast to the West Coast, the heart of the Midwest and also French landscape. culture they created, Haring brought art from inside the confines of Mexican Painter KNOWN FOR short time at an art school in Japan, she moved to New York City. being fired after ten years of service, van Gogh pursued a career as Haring is best known for his playfully her self-portraits tell dramatic stories about her life and experiences. and pop culture Known as the Andy Warhol of Japan, Murakami creates bright, emotion, conveying more than just abroad in Paris. Her physical living environments have had an Draughtsman, galleries and museums, outside to the streets. Inspired by a lecture She has had a long career working alongside famous artists and a preacher. He was also dismissed from this position, as he was seen simple depictions of figures. He used given by Christo and Jeanne-Claude about the nature of their piece, Kusama creates work in all colorful paintings, sculptures, and fashion. His classical training a subject. In addition to his unique impact on her art ideas--mostly mundane suburban settings with a Famous for Surrealistic creating unique works. In 2017 the Yayoi Kusama Museum opened in as being too enthusiastic in his faith. His solution was to become an Artist Bios printmaker, sculptor, but CAREER a consistently thick line width to Running Fence, Haring strived to create public art for all people. different media including painting, combined with the “low art” of cartoonish, marketable subject matter painting style, van Gogh is known for touch of whimsy. She has dipped her hands in a variety of mediums CAREER Tokyo, and it is dedicated to showcasing her work. She is known as artist, as he figured he could spread God’s word through art. KNOWN FOR primarily a painter In 1896, Matisse was an associate member of Société Nationale, draw, or paint, on surfaces….often After he was diagnosed with AIDS in 1988, he created his foundation Self-Portraits performance art, fashion, and FAMOUS WORKS blurs the line between fine and commercial art. His Kaikai Kiki Co. his erratic behavior, most famously during the development of her career including cake decoration, Kahlowas an excellent student who enjoyed the arts but did not one of the most important artists to ever come out of Japan. Skoglund blends repetitious meaning that yearly he could show his work without needing to used for outlining the contours of and devoted his efforts towards advocacy and awareness about the writing. But she is best known for 727, 1996 allows him to mass-market his creations, with Murakami providing cutting off his own ear. He created art history, film making, photography and sculpture. She uses these disease. Haring died of AIDS related complications in 1990 at just 31 begin painting until a bus accident left her bedridden for months. her sculptures and installations, artistic oversight while trained assistants do the hands-on work. sculpture in staged installations Famous for founding submit it for review at the Salon de la Société. Originally Fauvism was active people, barking dogs, symbols Wink, 2001 some of his most famous works while CAREER skills to sculpt, curate, stage and paint her unusual, highly crafted years of age. She was encouraged to continue painting by Rivera, already a especially her works featuring especially for photographic unliked; in fact, foreigners appreciated Matisse’s work more than his and lines signifying movement. Bold, CAREER hospitalized due to mental illness. Unfortunately, van Gogh’s genius was not fully appreciated until and repetitious still life scenes before she uses photography as a the short-lived Fauvist famous painter in his own right, whom she later married. She thousands of polka dots; she has Eye Love SUPERFLAT, 2003 representation. She takes the fellow Frenchmen. As his career continued, Matisse became close flat and simplified colors were also FAMOUS WORKS Kusama was raised in Matsumoto and trained at the Kyoto School of Despite getting help, van Gogh went after his death, evidenced by the fact that only one of his paintings means of documentation. continued creating more and more paintings, gaining more and CAREER traditional artform of photography Movement friends with well-known figures such as Pablo Picasso and Gertrude indicative of his work. You could called herself an “obsessional artist.” Jellyfish Eyes, 2013 CAREER Self-Portrait with Monkey, 1938 Arts and Crafts, learning a Japanese painting style called nihonga. Murakami’s first European exhibition coincided with Mr. DOB’s into a deep depression, and a year sold while he was alive. His brother Theo, who was also his art more recognition for her work. She exhibited in New York, Paris, She also creates Infinity Rooms, and turns it inside out with her Stein. find him quickly and intuitively filling She moved to New York City in the late 1950s and was part of the Hollow, 2014 later, died by suicide. dealer and main source of income, believed his paintings would not Keith Haring drew his life away. Starting from when he was young What the Water Gave Me, 1938 and throughout the world in the late 1930s. She continued working increasing popularity in the mid-1990s. He founded the Hiropon surrealist twist on reality. Everything CAREER the space of empty advertisement where lights reflect through a series and really flourishing in his 20’s, he created hundreds of quick art scene for decades, working with Pop Artists and performance Factory, which evolved into the KaiKai Kiki Co., to mass produce sell because they did not fit the style of the popular Impressionists FAMOUS WORKS The Frame, 1938 throughout the next decade-plus before her health severely declined. of mirrors, giving the appearance of Flowers in Heaven, 2010 she creates has a dreamlike essence Her educational history started with a BFA in Studio Art and Art spaces with his drawings in the drawings in a short period of time. His work was booming with artists. She currently creates installations in museums around the of the time. This, along with the style of Peter Paul Rubens, She passed away in 1954. his sought-after creations. In 2000, Murakami presented “A Theory that leaves viewers in wonder of the History from Smith College in Northampton, MA. She then went on The Green Line (Portrait of Madame subways--using white chalk and later The Two Fridas, 1939 endless space. When you are in an exhibitions, press, articles and fame. Haring was not only a product world and is best known for her Infinity Rooms. Her obsession with of Super Flat Japanese Art” at a group exhibition, referring to the influenced van Gogh to change his style, adopting the use of lighter Infinity Room, she makes it difficult familiar mixed with the fantastical. to study abroad in Paris before studying painting at the University Matisse), 1905). he was even commissioned to create of the street culture of NYC, he was a contributing factor. In 1986, dots and her interest in seemingly endless repetition have been colors and lighter brushstrokes. His most famous pieces were Self-Portrait with Thorn Necklace, 1940 two-dimensional nature of Japanese anime and manga while also She uses limited color schemes of Iowa for her MFA. She first came into the art scene with her lasting art in public spaces. He often Haring established the “Pop Shop” in the lower SOHO District of to determine where you end and the hallmarks of her style throughout her career. Dance, 1910 commenting on the shallowness of consumerism. Two years later, produced after adopting this style. infused with vibrant contrast, used the symbol of the “radiant Manhattan, NY, which he considered to be an extension of his body rest of the installation begins! signature style during the late 1970’s. Since then, she has exhibited Woman with a Hat, 1905 Murakami began a collaboration with fashion brand Louis Vuitton, illogical scenarios, repetition of form baby” as his signature marking. of work. He truly believed that art was for everybody! It became her work all over the world and has her art in several collections. a destination for people to come experience his art first hand and and since then he has worked with pop musicians including Kanye and calculated chaos to open up She has even served as a distinguished professor at Rutgers-Newark purchase his art on products. Although the shop closed its physical West, G-Dragon, and Pharrell Williams. He mentors up-and-coming dialogue about the nature of reality. since 1976. The artist lives and works in Jersey City, NJ. doors in 2005, his art can be purchased on a wide variety of items Japanese artists. Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890). (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from Arnason, H. H., & Mansfield, E. (2013). History of modern art. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson. Henri Matisse biography. (2011). Retrieved from www.henrimatisse.org/. through the website that is run by the Keith Haring Foundation. Kusama, Y., & McCarthy, R. F. (2011). Infinity net: The autobiography of Yayoi Kusama. London: Tate Pub Ltd. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gogh/hd_gogh.htm Vincent van Gogh’s Life and Legacy. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2019, from The personal life of Henri Matisse. (2011). Retrieved from www.henri-matisse.net/biography.html. Janson, H. W., Davies, P. J. E., & Janson, H. W. (2011). Janson’s history of art: The western tradition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Yayoi Kusama’s Extraordinary Survival Story (September 26, 2018). Retrieved December 21, 2018, from Fox Games. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://denverartmuseum.org/edu/object/fox-games Prentice Hall. Darling, M. (Ed.) (2017). Takashi Murakami: The octopus eats its own leg. New York, NY: Skira Rizzoli. https://www.theartstory.org/artist-van-gogh-vincent-life-and-legacy.htm#biography_header Henri Matisse (1905). Woman with a Hat [Oil on canvas]. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180925-yayoi-kusamas-extraordinary-survival-story National Gallery of Art (2000, March). Sandy Skoglund: dreams into nightmares. Scholastic Art, 2-3. Keith Haring. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.haring.com/ Estiler, K. (April 2019). ‘Mr. DOB’: Takashi Murakami’s most famous character explained. Hypebeast. Retrieved from National Gallery of Art (2000, March). Food fantasy. Scholastic Art, 4-5. Frida Kahlo (1938). The Frame [Mixed media]. Louvre, Paris, France. La Valette, D., Stark, D., & Fehrle, G. (1997). Keith Haring: I wish I didn’t have to sleep!: Adventures in art. New York, NY: Prestel. Yayoi Kusama (1997). Dots Obsession [Mixed media]. Rice Gallery https://hypebeast.com/2019/4/takashi-murakami-mr-dob-character-history Vincent van Gogh (1889). The Starry Night [oil on canvas]. Museum of Modern Art: New York, NY. National Gallery of Art (2000, March). Creating her own reality. Scholastic Art, 6-7. Sussman, E. (1999). Keith Haring. Boston, MA: Bulfinch. Murakami, T. (2005). Summon monsters? Open the door? Heal? Or die? New York, NY: Hiropon Skoglund, Sandy. (2017, July). Retrieved from http://www.sandyskoglund.com/ Keith Haring (1989). Pop Shop IV [Silkscreen]. Takashi Murakama (2010). Flowers in Heaven [Offset lithograph]. Sandy Skoglund (1980). Radioactive Cats [Archival pigment print].

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu INTERMEDIATE: STEAM & INNOVATION When bringing STEAM connections into a middle school curriculum, FLEX lessons can build on one another and pair with resources to support deeper learning. ENGINEERING & MATH

RESOURCES RESOURCES RESOURCES LESSON OPTIONS

Theo Jansen’s ARTISTS WHO MAKE BASIC KINETIC SCULPTURES SCULPTURE VOCABULARY Strandbeests Alexander Calder

a three-dimensional artwork made from clay, wood, stone, metal, or Sculpture other found materials. Both Alexander Calder’s father and grandfather were artists. His family did not a person who creates artworks by modeling, carving, constructing, or want him to follow in their footsteps, so he Sculptor assembling materials together. studied mechanical engineering in college.

an object you can see from many sides; it has three dimensions: length, When he lived in Paris, a toymaker suggested Form width, and height he make toys, and he made his first sculptures about the circus. Later he made sculptures that hung from the ceiling and moved with the gentle breeze. These the bottom part on which an object rests or is supported; delicate sculptures were known as mobiles. Base sculptures are often attached to a base to support them in position.

Pedestal the support on which a statue rests.

a metal skeletal support over which clay or wax is molded. Armature Jean Tinguley a structural, vertical, cylindrical support form usually made of stone; Column buildings often have columns supporting the roof. Jean Tinguely was a Swiss sculptor known for his sculptures that incorporated movement. Monument a large-scale sculpture that represents an important person or event. His sculptures exhibited a sarcastic view Theo Jansen is a Danish sculptor who wanted to create art that a detailed three-dimensional work built on a smaller scale and used as a towards modern technology. Some of his has a life of its own. For over 20 years, he has worked on his Model plan for a larger artwork. “metamechanics,” as he called his sculptures, Strandbeests, sculptures that move and act on their own using the made drawings, music, or even self-destructed. power of the wind. He studies biology to make his sculptures more TYPES OF SCULPTURE organic and give them more autonomy. In-the-Round a three-dimensional sculpture meant to be viewed from all sides. Jansen uses simple materials - plastic pipes, rubber tubing, and Relief a sculpture that projects from a flat surface. plastic soda bottles. His sculptures live on the beach in Denmark. Liliane Lijn Additive building a sculpture up by adding to a base or armature to create a form. The sculptures collect energy from the wind in the soda bottles and

Subtractive removing unwanted material to create a form. use it to move over the beach. They can sense when they get too In the 1960s, Liliane Lijn was one of the first feminist artists close to the water and will reverse course. Jansen hopes that one to explore new electronic technologies in her work. She Mobile a sculpture designed to move freely in the air. day his sculptures will evolve to the point that they can reproduce makes sculptures that spin and use light to create a sense of pulsation. Kinetic a sculpture whose parts are designed to move mechanically. without him.

a sculpture made up of small colored pieces of tile or glass that are Mosaic cemented to a wall or floor to create a picture or a pattern.

MAKING SHAPES FROM STRAWS THE GEODESIC DOME CONSTRUCTING AN AXLE

A geodesic dome is a structure based on a repeating polyhedron pattern. It is a STEP hemisphere. A geodesic dome is a very strong structure, as the load on the building STEP Cut drinking straws to is distributed along the lines of the alternating triangular supports. Cut two slits in a desired lengths. plastic lid.

STEP STEP Cut a regular straw Cut some chenille stems the length of desired into 4” lengths. axle. Cut a jumbo straw slightly shorter.

Slide two chenille stems into Double up a pipe STEP the end of a straw. For older STEP cleaner segment, and students, a drop of hot glue on push it through the the chenille stem before insertion slit in the plastic lid. will make for a more stable shape.

STEP STEP Place a drop of hot Attach segments to make glue on the pipe Although not the inventor of the geodesic dome, R. Buckinster Fuller the desired shapes. cleaner, and push it popularized it in the U.S. He was teaching at Black Mountain College in into the regular straw. North Carolina when he began experimenting with the geodesic shape for constructing buildings.

Some famous buildings that are based on the geodesic dome structure STEP are the aviary at the Queens Zoo in New York, the American Pavilion at the STEP Slide the jumbo straw Continue until achieving 1967 World’s Fair in Montreal, and the Spaceship Earth at the Disney Epcot onto the regular the desired shapes. Center. straw, and secure the other wheel.

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu INTERMEDIATE: CHOICE-FOCUSED Teachers utilizing a choice-based approach can use FLEX materials to create dynamic centers. This example shows a set of FLEX watercolor resources to help students experiment with media and create original ideas. WATERCOLOR PAINTING STATION & CENTER

RESOURCES RESOURCES RESOURCES LESSON OPTIONS

USING WATERCOLOR BASIC WATERCOLOR TECHNIQUES WATERCOLOR VARIATIONS Here are some variations that can take your watercolor painting to WET/DRY DRY/DRY the next level. Experiment-worthy watercolor variations include: • Wet brush/dry paper • Dry brush/dry paper • Used for basic imagery • Used for details PLASTIC WRAP Fill a water dish half full with water. RUBBING ALCOHOL Disperses wet watercolor paint. Adds fractal texture to wet watercolor paint.

Activate the colors (add a drop or two of water to each paint pan with a brush).

Add additional water to the color you want to use, then bring the brush to the paper. DRY/WET WET/WET • Dry brush/wet paper • Wet brush/wet paper SALT RESISTS • Used for soft lines and shapes • Used for washes and gradients Adds crystallized texture to (wax crayons, oil pastels, watercolor masking) wet watercolor paint. Remain unpainted under watercolor paint. Use the brush to gently apply the paint to the paper.

If white paper starts to show through, apply more water and paint.

Cubist Self-Portrait

BRUSH CHART WATERCOLOR PAINTING CRITIQUE GUIDE THE EMOTION OF COLOR Student name: ______Class: ______

FLAT Good for: bolder strokes, large washes, filling wide spaces. 1 What watercolor painting techniques do you recognize in this piece? • Can use it on it’s edge for thinner lines. ______• Creates straight edges and stripes. • Long bristles are great for varnishing. ______RED strength BRIGHT Good for: short controlled strokes. What watercolor painting techniques stand out as successful? Why? determination 2 BLACK PINK ______passion luxury sensitivity • Can handle thick, heavy color. ______mystery compassion grief sincerity 3 What other watercolor techniques could be added? Where? ROUND Good for: outlining, detailed work, controlled washes, filling in small areas. ______• Creates thin to thick lines - depending WHITE ORANGE on pressure applied.

• Best used with thinned paint rather than purity friendliness thick paint. 4 Could this piece benefit from the addition of other media, such as pen and ink or marker? innocence confidence ______simplicity bravery Good for: fine lettering and lines. RIGGER ______

• Can hold lot of paint and create long, thin lines. 5 What emotions does the use of watercolor evoke in this piece? ______VIOLET YELLOW ______royalty joy Good for: blending, soft rounded edges like flower petals. FILBERT creativity energy ambition cheer • Very versitile. 6 What memory does this remind you of - place, experience, time? • Can create curves like a round but cover ______BLUE GREEN more space. ______honesty growth wisdom balance FAN Good for: blending and feathering. 7 What is one word that can be used to describe this painting? peace nature ______• Creating textural effects like grasses, clouds, and leaves on trees. ______

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu ADVANCED: INTRO TO ART COURSE — THE ELEMENTS OF ART This sample scope and sequence shows how all of the elements of art can be covered in a secondary Intro to Art course. Using a variety of media, students can learn to bring each of the seven elements of art into their work and see how they will serve as the building blocks of later course concepts.

ELEMENT LINE SHAPE COLOR VALUE TEXTURE SPACE FORM

Lessons

Bauhaus Relief Design Analogous Fruit Mid-Century Layered Paper Digital Contour Zen Rocks Felted Painting Mashup Self-Portraits

WHAT IS ORGANIC VS WHAT ARE VALUE SCALE PRACTICE NEEDLE FELTING MIDCENTURY DESIGNS ADDING VALUE TO CREATE FORM Student name: ______Class: ______MIDCENTURY DESIGN describes architecture, furniture, and graphic design from ANALOGOUS COLORS? the middle of the 20th century - 1940 to 1965. Clean lines, geometric shapes, CONTOUR LINE? GEOMETRIC SHAPES TOOLS AND MATERIALS natural woods, and tweed elements were inspired by Bauhaus and Danish Remember, a full range of value creates a more dramatic artwork! VALUE: The lightness or darkness of a color Modernist movements. At this time, American style was all about embracing the Analogous colors are 3-5 colors directly next future. It was the era of Sputnik, of astronauts hurtling into space, the Twilight TINTS: Colors with white added to them to each other on the color wheel. Zone and The Jetsons. TONES: Color mixed with gray A contour line is the outside edge of a shape. FELT GEOMETRIC SHAPES ORGANIC SHAPES SHADES: Colors with black added to them Artists use contour lines to show the edge YELLOW YELLOW- Non-woven fabric creating by interlocking loose fibers GREEN through the use of heat, moisture, pressure, and/or friction. YELLOW- of an object and to illustrate texture. ORANGE Create a value scale from dark to light in the rectangle below. GREEN

RECTANGLE ORANGE GREEN BLUE- NEEDLE FELTING Learn to “think and see like an artist” through contour lines. TRIANGLE Using sharp needles with small barbs on the ends to piece

There are two specific types of contour drawings. RED- through raw wool or roving, causing the fibers to hook ORANGE

together and form felt. BLIND CONTOUR DIAMOND RED OCTAGON

Blind contour drawings are created without ROVING looking at the paper. A blind contour drawing A bundle of fiber, usually wool. The wool has been cleaned Resources allows an artist to examine an object very and carded but not spun. closely. This type of drawing is a great exercise for practicing hand-eye coordination. Often, OVAL these drawings look very wonky and out of proportion! TINT WET FELTING Adding water (and usually soap) to fiber and agitating it, HEXAGON

MODIFIED CONTOUR/PARTIAL BLIND CONTOUR ORANGE causing the fibers to hook together and form felt. CURVE = Blending change SQUARE RED- TONE GAP = Instant change Modified contour drawings are created by looking at both the object and the paper as the artist RED BOUNCED LIGHT makes your life easier! draws. This technique allows the artist to check FELTING PAD/BRUSH BLUE the placement of their drawing tool as they CIRCLE An “underlayment” for the felting project that protects the RED- RED- needles and table top while felting. create the drawing. VIOLET VIOLET SHADE BLUE- VIOLET VIOLET

Videos

Jackson Pollock Sarah Mark Vija Celmins Maya Lin Barbara Banksy 1912-1956 Morris Rothko Born 1938 1959-present Hepworth American painter Latvian-American Visual Chinese-American Artist Architect and Sculptor HISTORY Famous Abstract The identity of the street artist known as Banksy remain in question. He wishes to remain anonymous and his fans do not want to know Expressionist known HISTORY HISTORY Famous for her work as Famous for Famous for HISTORY for his drip painting a Photorealist, capturing the Vietnam Veterans who he is either. He did sit for a photograph for Time magazine in 2010 with a paper bag over his head, still concealing his identity. In technique Sarah Morris was born in Sevenoaks, southeast of London, England. Mark Rothko emigrated from Russia to the United States when he natural environments Memorial in Washington, Barbara Hepworth was born in Yorkshire, England. As a girl she She studied at Cambridge University and then Brown University, was 10. He graduated from his Portland, Oregon, high school in only traveled the countryside with her civil engineer father, who worked addition to this, he also appears in film “Exit Through the Gift Shop” where she earned a degree in philosophy and semiotics (the study of three years and spent the next two years at Yale. He found a job and phenomena in her D.C. for the West Riding County Council. Hepworth attended Wakefield where his face remains unseen behind the shadows of a dark hood. FAMOUS WORKS how signs and symbols create meaning). After that, she was part of in New York, where he wandered into an art class to meet a friend paintings and drawings Girls’ High School and the Leeds School of Art before moving to the Whitney Museum of American Art Independent Study Program 1903-1970 and was inspired to enroll in classes himself. Rothko also loved the London to study sculpture at the Royal College of Art. A year after Going West, 1934-35 FAMOUS WORKS KNOWN FOR HISTORY while working as an assistant for American artist Jeff Koons. theater and unsuccessfully tried his hand at acting. Biographers say graduating, she was awarded a West Riding Scholarship for a one- Banksy is known for his provocative and thought provoking street art. Mural, 1943 FAMOUS WORKS 1903-1975 his experience painting theatrical scenery influenced his artwork, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, 1982 year opportunity to travel abroad. She went to Italy, where a master- Born approximately Jackson Pollock was born in Wyoming, but his family left there Russian-American Untitled (Ocean), 1970 He views modern day advertisement as the trespassing of the mind, Full Fathom Five, 1947 particularly his murals. Groundswell, 1993 carver taught her how to carve marble. 1974 before his first birthday and moved from place to place in Arizona KNOWN FOR Painter in a sense. And in that way, he views his art as a way of rebelling Autumn Rhythm: Number 30, 1950 Desert, 1975 English sculptor and California throughout his childhood. Pollock recognized he The Wave Field, 1995 against the messages creeping into society’s brain. Ads lead people Morris is known for her abstract paintings, which feature bright color Strata, 1983 HISTORY The Deep, 1953 Born 1967 Eleven Minute Line, 2004 Anonymous British to a brand name to sell people on a product or an idea. His art is was not a naturally gifted artist and described his own drawings fields, sharp lines, and repeating shapes. She is also a filmmaker KNOWN FOR KNOWN FOR Famous for large Night Sky #19, 1998 Born in Latvia, Vija Celmins immigrated to the United States in 1948. as “rotten” and “cold and lifeless.” Nevertheless, in 1930, he moved Water Line, 2006 HISTORY Famous for her simple Graffiti Artist the antithesis of that–he is creating art as a free thinking individual who focuses attention on the power and control behind places and abstract color field Rothko was known for his large abstract color field paintings. He was After graduating with both a BFA and an MFA in art, she taught at Hepworth is known for her simple, beautiful works made out of to New York, where he and his older brother Charles both studied British-born American Untitled (Web #1), 1999 Maya Lin was born in Athens, Ohio, to a poet and a ceramicist. Her Modernist forms in a public arena, often with wit, humor and a hard truth. In 2018, he KNOWN FOR events. For both her painting and her films, she finds inspiration in paintings a master of color and used it to convey emotion and spirituality in his the collegiate level before gaining international recognition with her What is Missing?, 2009 a wide range of materials. She believed in letting the physical with Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League. From the unveiled a show-stopping work, now titled Love is in the Bin, which painter and filmmaker the architecture and energy of the world’s major cities. work. He fought for artists’ freedom of expression and refused to sell renditions of natural scenes based on photographs. Her mastery of parents, who fled China during the rise of Communism, encouraged characteristics of those materials guide her work rather than forcing Famous for his Artist Bios Pollock was a leader of the Abstract mid to late 1930s, Pollock developed his skills – and earned a steady partially self-shredded itself through a hidden shredder concealed in his work when he didn’t feel the buyer’s purpose fit with his personal detail and accuracy using different media, such as charcoal, oil, and their children to express themselves through art, often sharing the materials into a shape. Her work is renowned for its brilliant use politically charged and Expressionism movement. His early KNOWN FOR FAMOUS WORKS the frame during a live auction at the Sotheby’s. Banksy pushes the paycheck – working in the Easel Division of the WPA’s Federal Art FAMOUS WORKS vision. He turned down an award from the Guggenheim Foundation studio space as a family. Growing up, Lin was a hardworking student of form and negative space. She wanted to create pieces that had work was mostly small landscapes Famous for her brightly- CAREER Vija Celmins creates subtle, often printmaking processes, have brought her many awards. KNOWN FOR Mother and Child, 1927 controversial street art Project. who found interest in nature, animals, art, and architecture. While boundaries of art through his work. Whether his art is mounted on a Crucifixion, 1935 because he didn’t believe that art should be competitive. a calming effect. To achieve that, she let the landscape and nature and figurative scenes, but he became colored geometric Morris started out making large-scale text paintings that included delicate monochromatic paintings, During her senior year at Yale, wall in a gallery or sprayed outdoors, his art always has something to traveling through Denmark as a student at Yale University, Lin Pierced Form, 1932 inspire her. increasingly interested in mural drawings, and prints, largely based Lin submitted a blueprint design abstract painting wording from sensationalized news stories. She then moved to single- Entrance to Subway, 1938 CAREER experienced significant racism, leading her to address social justice say. painting and then in “veiling” figures CAREER on her own photographs of nature. for a Vietnam veterans memorial. Pelagos, 1946 word paintings based on vocabulary from magazine headlines and Oedipus, 1944 CAREER For more than five decades, Celmins has been creating issues through her art. FAMOUS WORKS with poured paint. He was known for In 1936, Pollock helped at muralist David Siqueiros’ Experimental To do this, she uses graphite, erasers, Fourteen hundred anonymous Two Figures (Menhirs), 1954-55 advertising. In the late 1990s, she began creating abstract paintings Expressionism influenced Rothko’s early work, but in the 1940s he mesmerizing, exquisitely detailed small-scale artworks of the CAREER Love is in the Bin, 2018 his drip paintings, where he poured, Workshop, where he learned industrial painting techniques, such as Four Darks in Red, 1958 electric erasers, and charcoal dust to submissions were considered by the CAREER FAMOUS WORKS that use tilted geometric shapes and bright colors to add a sense moved to a more abstract style. At the end of that decade, he took physical world, including oceans, desert floors, and night skies. One Winged Figure, 1961-62 Hepworth’s early work depicted recognizable figures, but it became splashed, and dripped paint all using spray cans for application and pouring paint onto canvases on Untitled, Black on Gray, 1969 explore spatial implications. Clemins’ public, and Lin’s plan was chosen. CAREER Balloon Girl, 2002 Banksy first trespassed over railroad tracks to initial his graffiti The Mirage, 1999 of depth. Morris has had, and continues to have, solo exhibitions recognizable figures out of his pieces and began painting soft-edged of the few women to be recognized as a noteworthy artist in 1960’s more abstract as other artists’ influences changed her approach. over his canvases to create unique the floor. About 10 years later, when Pollock was looking for more worldwide. She lives and works in both New York and London. work leaves the viewer with a sense Because she was an unknown name After completing Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Lin continued to Walled off Hotel, 2017 group’s initials on a wall when he was a teenager. Between then and People’s Bank, 2004 blocks of color, or “sectionals,” a technique he continued for the rest Los Angeles, she moved to New York City, where she continues to She and her family moved to the seaside town of St. Ives in Cornwall and inventive compositions. He abstract ways to express himself, he began throwing paint to create of wonder and quietude. with no connection to the Vietnam now, he has created countless “bombings” or graffiti art messages of his life. From 1964-1967, he created 14 large black murals for The live and work. In early 2019, her global debut To Fix the Image in design memorials while also building sculptures from her New at the outbreak of World War II, and she began incorporating the would put a canvas on the floor and the webs of color for which he is best known. Art collector Peggy 1972, 2008 War, Lin was asked to defend her around the world. He has displaced museum art, created a 9 room Rothko Chapel in Houston, Texas. The black in these paintings varies Memory at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art featured more York studio. Soon after, she expanded her practice by using shapes and sights of coastal life into her pieces. Though she had four physically move around it, shaking a Guggenheim became Pollock’s dedicated patron in the 1940s, work to the United States Congress. statement hotel that you can visit in Palestine called, “Walled Off Big Ben 2012, 2011 with each day’s light, so every visitor experiences a slightly different than 140 paintings, drawings, and sculptures. landscape and earth to create her sculptural work. Lin’s interest in children, Hepworth saw motherhood as an inspiration rather than an paint-covered stick or brush, rarely giving him his first solo exhibition and putting him under contract. Their apprehension resulted in a environmentalism has lead her to activism. What is Missing?, one of Hotel,” and even produced a film titled, “Exit Through the Gift Shop.” Chicago, 2011 version of the artwork. Sadly, Rothko died in 1970, before the chapel’s obstacle, and she scheduled daily time for creating her artwork. Her He is one of the most prolific and well-known street artists living and touching the application tool to the Despite additional contracts with other dealers, Pollock’s alcoholism opening in 1971. compromise: Lin would construct her her more recent works, addresses climate change and its impact on work was respected and popular throughout her lifetime, but her working today. His art fetches millions of dollars at auction and is also canvas. increased, and his work output decreased. He died in a car wreck in memorial, and a traditional bronze animal habitats. career was cut short when she died in a fire in her studio in 1975. 1956 at just 44 years old. Arnason, H. H., & Kalb, P. (2003). History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. Fifth edition. Upper statue would also be commissioned available to be seen for free in public spaces. Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. to be put near her work. Vija Celmins. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.artsy.net/artist/vija-celmins Galpin, A. (2015). Women and Abstraction. Winter Park, FL: Cornell Fine Arts Museum. Breslin, J. (1993). Mark Rothko: A Biography. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. Vija Celmins: To Fix the Image in Memory. (2019). San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Curtis, P. (2001). Barbara Hepworth. Revised edition. London: Tate. Banksy, McCormick, C., Schiller, M., Schiller, S., & Seno, E. (2010). Trespass: A history of uncommissioned urban art. Koln: Taschen. Frank, E. (1983). Jackson Pollock. New York: Abbeville Press. Paul, F. (2015). Sarah Morris: CAPITAL Letters Read Better for Initials. Berlin: August Verlag. Rothko, C. (2015). Mark Rothko: From the Inside Out. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press Retrieved from https://www.sfmoma.org/exhibition/vija-celmins/ Hepworth, B. (1978). Barbara Hepworth: A Pictorial Autobiography. London: Tate Gallery. Ellsworth-Jones, W. (2013). Banksy: The man behind the wall. New York, NY: St Martins Press. Ingram, C. (2014). This Is Pollock. London: Laurence King Publishing. Britannica, T. E. (2018, October 01). Maya Lin. Retrieved January 20, 2019, from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maya-Lin Sarah Morris (2011). Big Ben 2012 [Screenprint on paper]. Mark Rothko (1958). Four Darks in Red [Oil on canvas]. Whitney Museum of American Art, New York. Vija Celmins. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.artnet.com/artists/vija-celmins/biography Barbara Hepworth (1946). Pelagos [Elm and strings on oak base]. Fisher, I. (2017, April 16). Banksy Hotel in the West Bank: Small, but Plenty of Wall Space. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes. Solomon, D. (1987). Jackson Pollock: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster Maya Lin’s Life and Legacy. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2019, from Vija Celmins (1970). Untitled (Ocean) [Graphite and acrylic on paper]. com/2017/04/16/world/middleeast/banksy-hotel-bethlehem-west-bank-wall.html Jackson Pollock (1943). Mural [Oil on canvas]. University of Iowa Museum of Art, Iowa City. https://www.theartstory.org/artist-lin-maya-life-and-legacy.htm#biography_header (n.d.). Retrieved from http://walledoffhotel.com/index.html Maya Lin (1982). Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Washington, D.C. Banksy (2002). Baloon Girl [Stenciled on concrete]. Southbank, London

Copyright © The Art of Education University, LLC theartofeducation.edu ADVANCED: INTRO TO ART COURSE — THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Following the elements of art, many teachers move into the principles of design. This sample scope and sequence shows how all of the principles of art can be covered and explored. Starting with balance and ending with rhythm, students can practice their creativity and gain knowledge of the principles of design through a variety of media.

PRINCIPLE BALANCE CONTRAST EMPHASIS PATTERN UNITY MOVEMENT MOVEMENT

Lessons

Collage and Canvas Complementary Identity Objects in Pattern Plates Recycled Vinyl Superimposed Creating a Collide Portraits Sequence Painting Emotion Signature Mark

WORKING WITH COLLAGE MATERIALS FEELINGS, MOODS, TYPES OF COMPOSITION HOW TO MAKE A TEMPERA PLUS HOW TO MAKE MOVEMENT THUMBNAILS FOR Ever wonder how to introduce collage to your students? Here is a VISIBLE IN ARTWORK Student name: ______Class: ______comprehensive guide to follow! AND EMOTIONS TEXTURE ROLLER There are a variety of ways to demonstrate movement in two- dimensional art. Line, repetition, value, rhythm, and progression Construction paper Book & magazine pages panels are all possible ways to create movement in art.

Painted paper Newspaper REPETITION & OVERLAP DIRECTIONAL LINES

DIAGONAL LAYERED Tissue paper Junk mail & envelopes A diagonal arrangement moves Parts of the artwork are the viewer’s eye quickly across arranged into vertical or Kraft paper Photographs the composition. horizontal sections. POSITIVE EMOTIONS NEGATIVE EMOTIONS Draw lines, shapes and patterns Handmade paper Calendar pages Happy Frustrated 1 with a pencil on the roller. Amazed Annoyed Parchment Paint sample strips Proud Ashamed Apply a bead of hot glue over the Silly Bored 2 drawn designs. Tempera Paint with Tempera Paint with SHAPES VALUE & SCALE Colored Pencils Oil Pastels Aluminum foil Natural materials Peaceful Confused After the glue cools, roll the (leaves, petals, etc.) Hopeful Jealous PYRAMID FOCAL MASS L-ARRANGEMENT Inspired Scared 3 texture roller on top of a clay slab Gift wrap This grouping uses a triangle The elements are arranged The composition is arranged to make an impression. Energetic Shocked Resources arrangement to ground the into grouped areas of into a shape that mimics an “L.” Fabric Surprised Worried elements. various size and density. This can be horizontal or vertical. Wallpaper Confident Lost Colored and printed napkins Courageous Hurt Specialty papers Calm Nervous Loving Irritated (i.e., banana, bamboo, rice, etc.) Dollies Respectful Disgusted Joyful Shy PANELS Origami paper Duct Tape Trusting Sad Valued Angry RADIAL COMPOUND CURVE Old maps Washi tape Content Fearful Grateful Ashamed Shapes, lines, and colors radiate Lines and shapes in the artwork from a central starting point. create a path that flows across Serene Furious Brown paper bags Adhesive vinyl This arrangement creates a the painting. This composition Thrilled Envious strong sense of movement. creates a sense of depth. Delighted Doubtful Sources: Thoughtful Annoyed Day, Layla. “10 Classic Compositions.” Electronic Portfolio. N.p., n.d. Web. March 2017. Tempera Paint with Tempera Paint with King, Jennifer. “Great Paintings by Design”, The Artist’s Magazine, March 1999, p. 54-59. Kind Impatient Kent, Sarah. Eyewitness Art: Composition. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1995. ISBN 1 56458 612 X Pastels Gel Pens

Georges Seurat Käthe Kollwitz Georgia O’Keeffe Kehinde Wassily Kandinsky Hokusai Teresita Fernandez 1859-1891 HISTORY 1887-1986 1866-1944 1760-1849 Born 1968 Käthe Kollwitz’s life began in Kӧnigsberg, Germany, where she Wiley French Painter was born to Katharina and Karl Schmidt in 1867. She grew up American Painter Russian Painter Japanese Painter and American Sculptor and with supportive, middle class parents in the peaceful small town Printmaker Installation Artist Famous for leading environment. They fostered her artistic talents and encouraged her Famous for her HISTORY Famous for being the the Neo-Impressionism to pursue art as a young adult. While she was studying art, she met paintings of flowers, Famous for woodblock Famous for her her husband Dr. Karl Kollwitz and together raised their sons. It was Kehinde Wiley was born in Los Angeles in 1977. He was always first abstract painter movement and using the during WWI that their second born son died as a casualty of war. deserts, cityscapes, interested in art growing up, and his parents supported him and paintings and Hokusai prominent public technique of Pointillism This experience of child loss led to a lifelong motif of grief expressed and landscapes sent him to after-school art classes. After high school, he attended Manga art manuals sculptures and through art. She passed away mere days before the end of WWII. the San Francisco Art Institute, where he developed his technical FAMOUS WORKS unconventional use of FAMOUS WORKS skills. Later, while studying at Yale, he began exploring social and materials KNOWN FOR FAMOUS WORKS political issues that still influence his paintings. Composition IV, 1911 FAMOUS WORKS Sunday Afternoon on the Island of Color Study, Squares with Black Iris, 1926 The Great Wave off Kanagawa, La Grande Jatte, 1885 Kollwitz is known for her haunting images representing suffering, Concentric Circles, 1913 FAMOUS WORKS 1830-32 social injustice, misery and the overall effects of war on ordinary Radiator Building, 1927 KNOWN FOR Grandcamp Evening, 1884-1886 Composition VII, 1913 Bamboo Cinema, 2001 people through figurative works. Figures that appear frequently in Wiley is appreciated for his creativity and originality, of course, South Wind at Clear Dawn, 1830-32 Red Poppy, 1927 Fire, 2005 HISTORY 1867–1945 her work are the poor, mothers with their children and herself. Over but also for his technical skill. Transverse Line, 1923 the course of her career, she produced over 100 self-portraits and Cow Skull with Red, White, and Stacked Waters Cinema, 2009 Several Circles, 1926 KNOWN FOR An uncle introduced a young Georges Seurat to painting. This many of the women in her pictures shared a striking resemblance to HISTORY HISTORY Blue, 1931 Born 1977 The sharp lines, crisp look, detail, and realism in all of his paintings Epic I, 2009 Seurat is best known for Pointillism. interest prompted Seurat to take a drawing course at night school German Expressionist her characteristics. Her drawings evoke intense emotions. She often Wassily Kandinsky was born in Moscow and spent his childhood KNOWN FOR During Hokusai’s time, it was typical for Japanese artists to change HISTORY Sky Above Clouds IV, 1965 make his work stand out. He appropriates images from art history, Nocturnal (Horizon Line), 2011 This painstaking process of painting and then enroll in art school where he studied the masters of the expressed these themes through starkly contrasting monochromatic in Odessa, Russia. After graduating from art school, he moved to In 1811, Hokusai began a new period their names frequently; therefore, Hokusai has been known by Born in Miami to a Cuban immigrant family, Teresita Fernandez HISTORY American Painter then gives them a contemporary feel, incorporating modern life Golden (30 Dissolves), 2012 small dots to create a picture is quite Louvre. While serving a compulsory year in the military, Seurat etchings, engravings, woodcuts and lithographs of her drawings. As KNOWN FOR Moscow to study economics and law. While working as a professor, around 30 names. Hokusai learned the style of woodblock paintings, Famous for emotional Georgia O’Keeffe was born in 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. She when he created “Hokusai Manga” studied at Florida International University and then completed her a printmaker, she was able to reproduce editions of her original works and hip-hop culture. More recently, he was selected to paint the opposite the spontaneous method spent all his free time drawing and reading on theories of color and Kandinsky is best known for being he began studying art more seriously. He worked in art and art manuals. These were simple otherwise known as ukiyo-e, from his mentor Katsukawa Shunshō. MFA at Virginia Commonwealth University. During a residency in and high contrast prints in mass to allow for an affordable price point for everyday people knew from the age of 12 that she wanted to be an artist. She worked official presidential portrait of Barack Obama. Artist Bios of Impressionism. The technique vision. Conveying emotion through color and lines, Seurat’s art is KNOWN FOR Famous for paintings one of the first artists to create education throughout his life, moving between Germany, Russia, drawing lessons created in hopes After his mentor died, Hokusai started investigating European art, Japan, she was profoundly impacted by both the elegance and KNOWN FOR suffering from the effects of war times. as a teacher from 1911 to 1918, continuing to paint and exhibit her is a forerunner of the modern intellectual, influenced by the scientific attitudes of the nineteenth depicting the horrors of eventually leading to him painting landscapes and Japanese daily O’Keeffe was fascinated by nature, work during this time. In 1918 she moved to New York City, working mixing old style, art history, abstract paintings. His abstract and France as necessitated by the wars and politics of his time. of attracting more students. These Best known for integrating utility of traditional Japanese lifestyle and architecture. She was an methods of photoengraving, color century. living through war CAREER life. whether it be plants and flowers, on art full time and collaborating with the photographer Alfred and contemporary culture works are large, colorful, and Mangas and manuals are similar to architecture and the optical artist-in-residence at Artspace in San Antonio and a fellow of the reproduction, television, and digital CAREER bones and skulls, or the desert expressive, featuring very little the Manga genre (similar to comic Stieglitz. In the late 1920s, she began spending long parts of the Wiley began his career copying works of the old masters in order CAREER effects of color and light, Teresita American Academy in Rome. imaging. Käthe Kollwitz began her artistic career with aspirations to become landscape. She loved to travel and to develop his skills. in the way of shapes or lines. He books) known today because of CAREER year in the Southwest United States, eventually moving permanently Kandinsky had an extensive career in both teaching and creating CAREER Fernandez’ work is characterized a painter. Through her schooling, she met influences such as let the sights and scenes influence FAMOUS WORKS thought color was better used to the sketches; however, Hokusai did Seurat created huge compositions with tiny detached brush strokes, FAMOUS WORKS to New Mexico. art. He worked for a long time in Germany and Russia, creating Hokusai often changed his name like other artists, and his career by an interest in perception and the CAREER printmaker, Max Klinger, who heavily influenced her trajectory. She her--she even had a mobile art He now hires models off the street—in New York City, where express emotion than to capture not have storytelling involved in which made his paintings shimmer with the play of light. One of his Self-Portrait from the Front (1923) President Barack Obama, 2018 and artwork can be separated by the periods when he changed psychology of looking. Fernandez quickly realized that her talents were better suited in the graphic a new style of painting focused on emotion and color. These Fernandez is pushing the boundaries of sculpture and installation studio in her car! She challenged he lives. He brings them into the studio, poses them in the the look of a subject. Kandinsky was these collections. Hokusai was best draws her inspiration from landscape early paintings was rejected at a prominent art exhibition while a Le Roi a la Chasse, 2006 abstract works, as well as his theories and writings, were incredibly names. For example, in the 1820s, Hokusai went by the name “Iitsu” art into the fields of architecture and landscape architecture. Self-Portrait (1933) arts of drawing and printmaking. As a mother and an artist, it was ideas on composition, experimented CAREER style of the old paintings or Renaissance sculptures, and gives influenced by music, saying that known for his The Great Wave off later painting, La Grande Jatte, brought much interest, both positive when he became popular in Japan. He felt that as he grew older, his and natural phenomena, as well difficult to strike a balance but she was disciplined to create every Saint Denis, 2012 influential. He taught at the Bauhaus school in Germany and Her work has appeared worldwide in numerous solo and group The Survivors (1923) with abstract work, and developed After attending art school, O’Keeffe played an important part in the paintings a contemporary look and feel. The paintings are “music is the ultimate teacher.” He Kanagawa (1830-1834) that brought as from diverse historical and and negative. During his last exhibition, Seurat exhausted himself day. People recognized her as a master of her craft--she was highly continued teaching and creating throughout his later life despite the work became stronger, and he hoped he would live long in order to exhibitions. The idea of responding with your senses and a truly unique personal style. the development of modern art in America. She was one of the Shantavia Beale II, 2012 often 20 to 30 feet long, with colorful, detailed, and textured also wrote extensively on the theory international recognition after his cultural references. Using common as an organizer of the event and caught a chill, which caused his The Call of Death (1936) skilled in drawing and the various hand pulled printing techniques. political upheaval surrounding him. truly master bringing his art to life. Hokusai produced his best work collaborating with an object to make meaning underlies Fernandez’ Her combination of realism first female painters to gain respect in New York’s art world in the backgrounds. His balance between traditional art methods and of art, believing spirituality played death in 1849. building materials, her room-sized death. In addition to seven monumental paintings, he left 40 smaller Her work was distinctive with it’s monochromatic contrast of black Femme Piquée par un Serpent, 2008 after the age of 60. Some of Hokusai’s largest collections include studio practice. Her work is found in numerous exhibitions and The Widow (1923) and abstraction is immediately 1920s. She had a unique way of seeing the world, and her new style contemporary ideas keeps his work fresh and interesting. an important role in all types of paintings and sketches, along with several sketchbooks and about and white. Kollwitz was successful during her lifetime--garnering Thirty-Six Views of Mt. Fuji (1826-1833) and a 15-volume Hokusai installations evoke quietude and recognizable and shows a personal of painting--in particular her way of simplifying natural shapes and creation. collections worldwide. She lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. 500 drawings - quite impressive considering his short life. multiple exhibitions and awards. Towards the end of her career, she Manga with nearly 4,000 sketches. mystery, inspiring viewers to see a started creating three-dimensional artworks in bronze and stone. She touch that lets viewers understand forms--made her a groundbreaking artist. new relationship between man-made lived and worked during a tumultuous time in history, marked by fear her thoughts and feelings. and natural environments. and devastation, that spanned both world wars. Courthion, P. (2019, February 10). Georges Seurat. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Schur, R. (2007). Post-Soul Aesthetics in Contemporary African American Art. African American Review, 41(4), 641-654. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Georges-Seurat Arnason, H. H., & Mansfield, E. (2013). History of modern art. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson. Biography of Katsushika Hokusai. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.katsushikahokusai.org/biography.html. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25426982 Teresita Fernandez. (n.d.). MacArthur Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.macfound.org/fellows/841/ Georges Seurat Biography. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.freeart.com/gallery/s/seurat/seurat.html National Gallery of Art. (1993/1994, December/January). Expressionism: Featuring Käthe Kollwitz. Scholastic Art, 24(3), 3-15. Arnason, H. H., & Mansfield, E. (2013). History of modern art. Seventh edition. Boston: Pearson. Janson, H. W., Davies, P. J. E., & Janson, H. W. (2011). Janson’s history of art: The western tradition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Lane, R. (n.d). Hokusai: Japanese artist. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hokusai#ref3258 Thompson, K. (2009). The Sound of Light: Reflections on Art History in the Visual Culture of Hip-Hop. The Art Bulletin, 91(4), Prentice Hall. Teresita Fernandez. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.artnet.com/artists/teresita-fernández/ Tansey, R. & Kleiner, F. (1996). Gardner’s Art through the Ages II: Renaissance and Modern Art. Tenth edition. Fort Worth, TX: National Gallery of Art. (1984/1985, December/January). Käthe Kollwitz: Working with Light and Dark. Art & Man, 15(3), 2-16. Janson, H. W., Davies, P. J. E., & Janson, H. W. (2011). Janson’s history of art: The western tradition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: 481-505. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27801642 Hokusai. (1830-32). The Great Wave off Kanagawa [Woodblock print; ink and color on paper]. The Met. Teresita Fernandez. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.artsy.net/artist/teresita-fernandez Harcourt Brace College Publishers. National Museum of Women in the Arts. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/kathe-kollwitz Prentice Hall. Wassily Kandinsky (1913). Composition VII [Oil on canvas]. Moscow, The State Tretyakov Gallery Kehinde Wiley (2012). Saint Denis [Oil on canvas]. Georges Seurat (1885). Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte [Oil on canvas]. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Teresita Fernandez (2005). Fire [Silk yarn, steel armature, epoxy]. Prelinger, E.,Comini, A., & Bachert, H. (1992). Käthe Kollwitz. Retrieved from Georgia O’Keeffe (1927). Red Poppy [Mixed media]. Weisman Art Museum https://www.nga.gov/content/dam/ngaweb/research/publications/pdfs/kathe-kollwitz.pdf