Donald P. Green
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Rational Choice and Security Studies
Rigor or Rigor Mortis? Stephen M. Walt Rational Choice and Security Studies The past decade has witnessed a growing controversy over the status of formal approaches in political science, and especially the growing prominence of formal rational choice theory. Rational choice models have been an accepted part of the academic study of politics since the 1950s, but their popularity has grown signiªcantly in recent years.1 Elite academic departments are now expected to include game theorists and other formal modelers in order to be regarded as “up to date,” graduate students increasingly view the use of formal rational choice models as a prerequisite for professional advancement, and research employing rational choice methods is becoming more widespread throughout the discipline.2 Is the increased prominence of formal rational choice theory necessary, inevitable, and desirable? Advocates of formal rational choice approaches assert that these techniques are inherently more scientiªc than other analytic Stephen M. Walt is Professor of Political Science and Master of the Social Science Collegiate Division at the University of Chicago. He will join the faculty of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in July 1999. I thank the following individuals for their comments on earlier drafts of this article: Graham Allison, Robert Art, Michael Desch, George Downs, Erik Gartzke, Charles Glaser, Joseph Grieco, Robert Jervis, John Mearsheimer, Barry Posen, Jack Snyder, Stephen Van Evera, and the partici- pants at seminars at Princeton, Rutgers, Duke, and the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard. Barry O’Neill provided an exceptionally detailed and useful set of criticisms, for which I am especially grateful, and Ann Ducharme, David Edelstein, and Seth Jones were able research assistants and made valuable suggestions as well. -
Research-Misconduct-SS.Pdf
Research and Scholarship Integrity Program Small Group Discussion 1 Research Misconduct Social Sciences Original text available at: http://www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/how-a-gay- marriage-study-went-wrong How a Gay-Marriage Study Went Wrong May 22, 2015 By Maria Konnikova Last December, Science published a provocative paper about political persuasion. Persuasion is famously difficult: study after study—not to mention much of world history—has shown that, when it comes to controversial subjects, people rarely change their minds, especially if those subjects are important to them. You may think that you’ve made a convincing argument about gun control, but your crabby uncle isn’t likely to switch sides in the debate. Beliefs are sticky, and hardly any approach, no matter how logical it may be, can change that. The Science study, “When contact changes minds: An experiment on transmission of support for gay equality,” seemed to offer a method that could work. The authors—Donald Green, a tenured professor of political science at Columbia University, and Michael LaCour, a graduate student in the poli-sci department at U.C.L.A.—enlisted a group of canvassers from the Los Angeles L.G.B.T. Center to venture into the L.A. neighborhoods where voters had supported Proposition 8, which banned same-sex marriage. The canvassers followed standardized scripts meant to convince those voters to change their minds through non-confrontational, one-on-one contact. Over the following nine months, the voters were surveyed at various intervals to see what those conversations had achieved. The survey highlighted a surprising distinction. -
Northeastern University College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Northeastern University College of Social Sciences and Humanities PROPOSAL Submitted in response to Village of Port Chester #2017-02 Alternative Governance Options for Consideration in Future Village Trustee Elections Statement of Qualifications COSTAS PANAGOPOULOS,Ph.D. Dr. Costas Panagopoulos is Professor of Political Science and Director of Big Data, Quantitative Methods and Networks Initiatives at Northeastern University. He was previously Professor of Political Science and Founder of the Center for Electoral Politics and Democracy and the graduate program in Elections and Campaign Management at Fordham University. A leading expert on campaigns and elections, voting behavior, political psychology, campaign finance, and experimental research. Dr. Panagopoulos has been part of the Decision Desk team at NBC News since the 2006 election cycle. He is also editor of American Politics Research, a peer-reviewed journal published by Sage. In 2015-2016, Dr. Panagopoulos was Visiting Professor of Political Science and Resident Fellow at the Institution for Social and Policy Studies at Yale University. He was selected by the American Political Science Association as a Congressional Fellow during 2004-2005, and he served in the office of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-NY). Since 2012, he has also taught graduate courses in the Quantitative Methods in the Social Sciences program at Columbia University. Panagopoulos is the author of over 60 scholarly articles published in outlets including: American Journal of Political Science, Journal of Politics, Political Research Quarterly, Political Behavior, Public Opinion Quarterly, Political Psychology, Presidential Studies Quarterly, the Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, American Politics Research, PS: Political Science and Politics, Women & Politics, the Journal ofSocial and Political Psychology, Social Influence, Basic and Applied Social Psychology, and the Journal of Political Marketing. -
Field Experiments and the Study of Voter Turnout
This is a preprint of an article published in [Green, Donald P., Mary C. McGrath, and Peter M. Aronow. 2013. Field Experiments and the Study of Voter Turnout. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion, and Parties 23(1): 27-48]. Pagination of this preprint may differ slightly from the published version. Field Experiments and the Study of Voter Turnout1 DONALD P. GREEN*, MARY C. MCGRATH** & PETER M. ARONOW** * Columbia University, USA; **Yale University, USA ABSTRACT Although field experiments have long been used to study voter turnout, only recently has this research method generated widespread scholarly interest. This article reviews the substantive contributions of the field experimental literature on voter turnout. This literature may be divided into two strands, one that focuses on the question of which campaign tactics do or do not increase turnout and another that uses voter mobilization campaigns to test social psychological theories. Both strands have generated stubborn facts with which theories of cognition, persuasion and motivation must contend. For more than a century, voter turnout has attracted scholarly attention from every corner of political science. Some are drawn to the normative question of whether democratic institutions are legitimate when large segments of the electorate fail to vote or are prevented from doing so (Lijphart, 1997; Lipset, 1981; Piven & Cloward, 1988; Teixeira, 1992). Others are troubled by the distributive consequences of unequal turnout rates among socioeconomic or ethnic groups (Burnham, 1982; Hicks & Swank, 1992; Hill & Leighley, 1992; Mebane, 1994; Rosenstone & Hansen, 1993; Verba et al., 1978). Still others regard unusually high rates of turnout with concern, either because high rates suggest coercion (Shi, 1999; Zaslavsky & Brym, 1978) or fraud (Jockers et al., 2010; Myagkov et al., 2007), or because surges in turnout mean greater influence for new voters with weaker commitments to democratic values (Bennett & Resnick, 1990).