Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Battle Royale I Karya Koushun Takami

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Kritik Sosial Dalam Film Battle Royale I Karya Koushun Takami KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM FILM BATTLE ROYALE I KARYA KOUSHUN TAKAMI 高見公俊の『Battle Royale I』という映画における社会批判 Skripsi Diajukan untuk Menempuh Ujian Sarjana Program Strata 1 dalam Ilmu Bahasa dan Kebudayaan Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Oleh: Agung Cahyadi NIM 13050113120027 PROGRAM STUDI S1 BAHASA DAN KEBUDAYAAN JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG 2019 KRITIK SOSIAL DALAM FILM BATTLE ROYALE I KARYA KOUSHUN TAKAMI 高見公俊の『Battle Royale I』という映画における社会批判 Skripsi Diajukan untuk Menempuh Ujian Sarjana Program Strata 1 dalam Ilmu Bahasa dan Kebudayaan Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Oleh: Agung Cahyadi NIM 13050113120027 PROGRAM STUDI S1 BAHASA DAN KEBUDAYAAN JEPANG FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG 2019 ii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN Dengan sebenarnya penulis menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini disusun tanpa mengambil bahan hasil penelitian baik untuk memperoleh suatu gelar sarjana atau diploma yang sudah ada di universitas lain maupun hasil penelitian lainnya. Penulis juga mengatakan bahwa skripsi ini tidak mengambil bahan dari publikasi atau tulisan orang lain kecuali yang sudah disebutkan dalam rujukan dan dalam Daftra Pustaka. Penulis bersedia menerima sanksi jika terbukti melakukan plagiasi/penjiplakan. Semarang, Agustus 2019 Penulis, Agung Cahyadi iii iv v MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN “Sesungguhnya bersama kesukaran itu ada kemudahan. Karena itu bila kau telah selesai ( mengerjakan yang lain ) dan kepada Tuhan, berharaplah” -Q.S Al Insyirah : 6-8- “You can’t. make up for lost time. You can only do better in the future” -Ashley Ormon- “We can never go back and change what has been said and done. but we can always learn the lesson to make things better next time” -Unknown- Skripsi ini kupersembahkan untuk kedua orangtuaku dan keluarga tercinta, yang selalu memberi doa dan dukungan. vi PRAKATA Segala puji dan syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas selesainya penulisan skripsi ini dengan judul “Kritik Sosial dalam Film Battle Royale I karya Koushun Takami”. Tanpa petunjuk, hidayah dan rahmat serta segala hal baik yang telah dianugerahkan kepada penulis, mustahil skripsi ini bisa diselesaikan. Dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini, peneliti menerima banyak bantuan dari berbagai pihak baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, penulis menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada: 1. Ibu Dr. Nurhayati, M.Hum., selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Semarang; 2. Bapak Budi Mulyadi, S.Pd., M.Hum, selaku ketua Prodi Bahasa dan Kebudayaan Jepang Universitas Diponegoro Semarang; 3. Ibu Fajria Noviana, S.S., M.Hum, selaku dosen pembimbing I dan Ibu Dewi Saraswati Sakariah, S.S., M. Si, selaku dosen pembimbing II dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Terima kasih atas bimbingan, masukan, kritik dan saran, sehingga penulis bisa menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 4. Bapak Zaki Ainul Fadli, S.S., M. Hum, selaku dosen wali penulis hingga semester 7 dan Ibu Yuliani Rahmah, S.Pd., M. Hum, selaku dosen wali pengganti. Terima kasih atas segala arahan, jasa dan kebaikan yang telah diberikan kepada penulis. vii 5. Seluruh dosen Bahasa dan Kebudayaan Jepang Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Terima kasih telah memberikan ilmu yang bermanfaat, bantuan, dan motivasi selama ini. 6. Kedua orang tua tercinta Bapak Dedy Sunarto dan Ibu Entar Mintarsih, adikku Olipia Rahayu, dan kakak-kakak sepupu serta keponakan- keponakanku. Terima kasih atas do’a dan semangat yang telah diberikan kepada penulis. 7. Sahabat-sahabatku Hasim, Andrian, Kiki, Cimeng, Rosel, Yeni dan teman- teman penghuni kontrakan Superhero. Terima kasih atas tawa, canda, kenangan, dan motivasi yang telah diberikan kepada penulis selama ini. 8. Teman-teman pejuang skripsi bimbingan Novi Sensei dan Saras Sensei dan teman-teman Sastra Jepang angkatan 2013. Terima kasih atas cerita, kenangan dan kebersamaan yang tidak akan pernah terlupakan. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam skripsi ini masih ada kekurangan. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran dari pembaca guna perbaikan pada waktu yang akan datang. Semoga skripsi ini memberikan manfaat bagi orang lain sebagaimana penulis mendapatkan pelajaran yang berharga selama proses mengerjakan. Semarang, Agustus 2019 Agung Cahyadi viii DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................. ii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................. .iii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .............................................................................. iv HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... v MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN ........................................................................ vi PRAKATA ............................................................................................................ vii DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... ix INTISARI .............................................................................................................. xi ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ xii BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang dan Permasalahan ................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Perumusan Masalah............................................................................ 6 1.2 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................... 7 1.3 Ruang Lingkup ............................................................................................... 7 1.4 Metode penelitian ........................................................................................... 8 1.4.1 Tahap Penyediaan Data ...................................................................... 8 1.4.2 Tahap Analisis Data ........................................................................... 8 1.4.3 Tahap Penyajian Hasil Analisis.......................................................... 9 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................... 10 1.6 Sistematika ..................................................................................................... 10 BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA TEORI 2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka ............................................................................................ 12 2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu....................................................................................... 18 2.3 Kerangka Teori .............................................................................................. 20 2.3.1 Teori Struktur Naratif ........................................................................... 21 2.3.1.1 Cerita dan Plot ........................................................................ 22 2.3.1.2 Elemen Pokok Naratif ............................................................ 22 ix 2.3.1.3 Hubungan Naratif dengan Ruang........................................... 26 2.3.1.4 Hubungan Naratif dengan Waktu ........................................... 26 2.3.2 Unsur Sinematik ................................................................................... 28 2.3.3 Sosiologi Sastra .................................................................................... 29 2.3.4 Kritik Sosial dalam Karya Sastra.......................................................... 32 2.3.4.1 Kritik Sosial ............................................................................ 32 2.3.4.2 Jenis-Jenis Kritik Sosial .......................................................... 35 BAB 3 PEMBAHASAN 3.1 Analisis Struktur Naratif ................................................................................ 38 3.1.1 Struktur Naratif Film ............................................................................ 38 3.1.1.1 Cerita dan Plot ....................................................................... 38 3.1.1.2 Hubungan Naratif dengan Ruang ........................................... 41 3.1.1.3 Hubungan Naratif dengan Waktu ........................................... 43 3.1.1.4 Elemen Pokok Naratif ............................................................ 48 3.1.2 Mise-En-Scene ...................................................................................... 70 3.1.2.1 Setting ..................................................................................... 70 3.2 Kritik Sosial dalam Film Battle Royale I....................................................... 87 3.2.1 Kritik terhadap Pemerintah yang Diktator........................................... 89 3.2.1.1 Penyalahgunaan Undang-Undang untuk Kepentingan Pemerintah............................................................................... 89 3.2.1.2 Tindakan Pasukan Kemanan yang Melebihi Batas ................. 93 3.2.1.3 Penyalahgunaan Teknologi.............................................. ....... 95 3.2.2 Kritik terhadap Pendidikan ................................................................... 98 BAB 4 SIMPULAN……………………………………………………………108 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... …112 YOUSHI…………………………………………………………………………………. 114 BIODATA………………………………………………………………………117 x INTISARI Cahyadi, Agung.
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