BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS
2012-2016
June 2012 Dr. Yusuf K.Nsubuga Director Basic/ Secondary Education HIV/AIDS Sector Coordinator The HIV and AIDS epidemic continues to be a major development challenge challenge development to major be a continues AIDS epidemic and HIV The existing the already worsened has of epidemic the impact The over. world provide to the ability compromises sector and the education within challenges sports is and sector The education education. quality of levels desirable related AIDS and to HIV due partly attrition in staff increase experiencing an other especially and in schools discrimination stigma and morale, low factors, infection since the behavior by individual is This fuelled institutions. learning do teachers that acknowledges The sector behavior. human of a result is sexual alcohol partnerships, multiple as such sexual in risky behaviors engage expose HIV infection. that them to others sex transactional among and abuse has challenges above to the response Sports, in and Ministry The of Education in Uganda. teachers for strategy communication change a behavior developed among HIV of acquiring and risk spread the reduce to aims strategy This Sports HIV sector and the Education strategy The also compliments teachers. 2011-2015. plan Strategic prevention plan Strategic sector HIV prevention Sports and the Education with line In will strategy strengthen communication change 2011-2015, the behavior strategy will The usedplanning be to guide the HIV. to response the sector’s HIV for teachers specificfor materials and messages of development and prevention. Ministry to of gratitude my extend to I take this opportunity Finally, the initiated that partners especially project Sports, the SPEAR and Education with the working efforts the continued for this and strategy of development HIV interventions. ministry workplace of in the area and knowledge imparting for vehicle a major are teachers all teachers, To should behaviour risky therefore HIV, with coping and/or avoiding skills of example. by live and be fully mitigated FOREWORD FOREWORD
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS ii BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS iii We are also grateful to the teachers who participated in the processes in the processes who participated the teachers also to grateful are We workshop. the development strategy and assessment particularly the rapid Ministry of Education and Sports MoES, the Director Basic and SecondaryBasic and the Director MoES, Sports and Ministry Education of the Nsubuga, Dr.Yusuf AIDS sector Coordinator HIV and Education/ the focal HIV persons Okiror, Opio Mr. Personnel Commissioner Assistant the development strategy in the review of who participated in the MoES and workshop, development meeting, strategy building consensus proposal, complete to appointed the team task meeting. to Also grateful the validation Mrs. and Jessicca in particular Ms. Naluzze process the development strategy of the completion their time to who dedicated Musinguzi Sembatya Florence Mr. advisor particulary AIDS unit the ,the strategy HIV and the Technical Biryahwaho. Roland Makerere University School of Public health CDC HIV/AIDS fellowship health CDC Public School fellowship HIV/AIDS of University Makerere Ms. project SPEAR Vision World to attached the Fellow for programme this strategy. of development and who ledthe processes Lillian Ayebale Lillian funding to for programme the fellowship also to grateful are We also the thank We strategy. Communication Change this Behaviour develop from Basil Tushabe Mr. guided the Lillian processes; through that consultants Mr. and (CDFU) Uganda Foundation Development for Communication the fellow’s forgetting not (MoH) Ministry Health from of Muyonga Michael the Bazeyo from William Prof Associate and Atuyambe Lynn Dr. mentors Health. Public School of The Supporting Public sector workplace Expand Action and Responses to HIV Responses and Action Expand workplace sector Public Supporting The initiating for funded project) (a USAID/PEPFAR project AIDS-SPEAR and the HIV for support the continuous for this and strategy of the development SPEAR thank We the Ministry within Education. of programmes workplace Tukwasibwe Blessing Warren Mr. Party, of the Chief Tanga Erasmus Mr. staff, Communication Turyatemba Odongo Caroline Mrs. manager, the Program specialist, treatment and care Alfred Mubangizi Specialist, Dr. Prevention and the Policy Luboobi George specialist, Mr. the ICB Lubwama Joseph Dr. Ms. Manager, Besigye Administration and Wise the Finance specialist, Mr. supporting for teams field SPEAR the entire and the Accountant Nantale Grace this strategy. developing of process the entire The development of the Behaviour Change communication strategy for for strategy communication Change of the Behaviour development The recognise to the Thewishes sector effort. been has a collaborative teachers support; their invaluable for individuals and organisations following ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1 2 3 4 4 4 5 7 1 4 5 8 II 10 10 13 15 IX IV III V1 VII ...... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CONTENTS...... OF TABLE ...... ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS OF LIST ...... KEY TERMS OF DEFINITION ...... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... INFORMATION 1.0 BACKGROUND ...... in Uganda 1.1 HIV situation ...... teachers among 1.2 HIV Situation ...... teachers for for BCC intervention 1.3 Justification ...... AND OBJECTIVES GOAL VISION, 2.0 SHARED ...... vision 2.1 Shared 2.2 Goal the...... strategy of ...... Objectives Strategy 2.3 Communication ...... FRAME WORK 3.0 THEORETICAL theory Change ...... Behaviour 3.1 Individual 3.2. Social Learning Theory...... PROCESS. DEVELOPMENT 4.0 BCC STRATEGY ...... issues 5.0 Priority sexual...... partnerships 5.1 Multiple use...... condom 5.2 Low ...... favours sex/ sex for 5.3 Transactional ...... FOREWORD CONTENTS
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS iv BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS v 17 19 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 34 22 24 28 ...... abuse 5.5 Alcohol ...... AND CHANNELS MATERIALS 6.0 MEDIA, 6.1 Radio...... spots ...... 6.2 Radio program ...... 6.3 Poster 6.4 Leaflet...... 6.5 Training BCAs...... by Education 6.6 Community ...... Education 6.7 Entertainment meeting...... 6.8 Staff ...... MATRIX IMPLEMENTATION 7.0 BCC STRATEGY PLAN...... AND EVALUATION 8.0 MONITORING ...... Appendix 5.4 Low service5.4 Low ...... utilisation Anti Retroviral Therapy Retroviral Anti Agent Change Behaviour Communication Change Behaviour Uganda of Government Communication and Education Information, Sport and Ministry Education of Ministry Health of Affairs Ministry Internal of Ministry Local of Government AIDS Relief For Plan Emergency President’s Transmission Mother-To-Child of Prevention HIV With Living People International Triangle Research and Action Expand places sector work Public Supporting HIV/AIDS to Responses Development International for Agency States United ART BCA BCC GoU IEC MoES MoH MoIA MoLG PEPFAR PMTCT PLHIV RTI SPEAR USAID LIST OF ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS ACRONYMS OF LIST
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS vi BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS vii A person or group with an interest in the outcome of the of in the outcome interest an with group or A person A coordinated and comprehensive plan for guiding multiple actions actions multiple guiding for plan comprehensive and A coordinated Strategy: Stakeholder(s): BCC strategy. : People already practicing the desired behaviour who behaviour the desired practicing already : People Satisfied users/clients reference of bethen can utilized a point as put that behaviours risky teachers’ reducing at aimed are activities that or HIV infection. of risk them to A person who has great influence over members of a target of a target members Leader:over Opinion influence great who A person has (teachers). audience Peer Educators (BCA): Peer Behaviour Change Agent An interactive process with with process Behaviour (BCC): Change Communication interactive An a variety using approaches and messages tailored develop to communities and promote behaviours; positive develop to channels communication of maintain and societal change and behaviour community individual, sustain behaviours. appropriate DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS KEY OF DEFINITION Studies have revealed that teachers manifest high risk sexual behaviours, yet yet high sexual risk behaviours, manifest teachers revealed that have Studies strategy communication change behaviour systematic no is there currently in the sector for development material and message of the process guiding SportsStrategic and Sector them. The Education among change behaviour in the sexually are teachers of Majority that 2011-2015 acknowledges Plan the service, joined just are especially have those that many, and group age active unknown partners of potential sexually with experimenting are many single; sexual in multiple involved are teachers that also acknowledges It sero-status. and communities workers, teachers, fellow learners, involving relations there etc, transfers to relating favors promotion, cash, for managers education that and subordinates and teachers workers, learners, of sexualis harassment not partners do non-regular with in engaged sex of teachers a fifth nearly out also is pointed 2006). It MoES 2007, MoFPED 2011, (MoES use condoms that consumption in alcohol engaged are managers and teachers many that HIV to partners leading sex non-regular with exposes unplanned them to 2011). (MoES infection that plan strategic sector HIV prevention got the sector has Although does not the plan teachers, of sexual the risky behaviours acknowledges However strategy. communication change a behaviour developing consider distributing IEC/BCC and materials developing considers plan the strategic materials of a process needfor was to guide BCC strategythe them. There change. behaviour in the sector for dissemination and development administering included that teachers among conducted was assessment A rapid districts. Kalangala and in Kampala teachers with questionnaires individual teachers with (FGDs) Discussions FocusGroup also involved assessment The also collected Informant key We level. teaching sex and age, by grouped collecteddata The teachers. the who influence stakeholders key from data reviewed. literature thefrom findings supplemented stakeholders key with workshop development strategy day a three held We (MoH) Ministry Health of representatives, teachers’ who included; Ministry and of Educators District Health representative, UAC representative, also We departments. key from representatives (MoES) Sports and Education formed was a committee and the stakeholder with meeting a validation had finalisestrategy. to the strategy the that issues priority the assessment, rapid the identified from We as, teachers among address to hopes EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS viii BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS ix on the basic facts of HIV and AIDS and AIDS and HIV and the basic facts of on Stimulate community dialogue community Stimulate Increase knowledge and personal perception of risk of HIV infection infection HIV of risk of personalperception and knowledge Increase campaigns. communication multi-dimensional through teachers among HIV utilize and who adhere teachers of the proportion increase To services ART) and (HCT teachers, among the epidemic to contribute that factors theunderlying like structural to factors related settings risk and behaviors risk as such transfers. staff Alcohol abuse Alcohol Multiple sexual partnerships Multiple use condom Low favours sex/ sex for Transactional serviceLow utilisation The strategy will utilise various channels and materials to reach out to the out reach to materials and channels strategy utilisewillThe various materials brail and media print and Mass These will include; audience. target others. among The primary target audience is teachers, Tutors and Student teachers. The teachers. Student and Tutors teachers, is audience primary The target primary in and secondary staff teaching Non include secondary audience target Teacher managers, Education and Principles Schoolschools, administrators, the community. and Parents institutions, training 3. 1. 2. • of reduction to the contribute “to strategyis, of the expectedThe overall impact communication the main And 2016.” by teachers among newinfections HIV are; objectives • • • • BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS x BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 1
1 1,192,372 1,042,711 606,154 149,661 December 2009 124,261 67,163 54,873 24,548 64,016
Adults Women < 15 years Children Total Population Total Adults Women < 15 years Children Total Total
MoH, Estimation and projection group 2010 group projection and Estimation MoH, 1 Indicator people of Number living with HIV People newly People infected with HIV AIDS deaths AIDS deaths According to the 2011 UAIS by geographical location, the Central region had had the Central region location, geographical by the UAIS 2011 to According the highest had (8.2%) regions western Mid Central (8.3%), and 10.6%, North region Mid in Eastern were rates prevalence lowest The rates. HIV prevalence (4.9%) regions. Nile West (4.1%) and Source : Source Table 1: Summary of current HIV situation in Uganda HIV situation current 1: Summary of Table HIV and AIDS epidemic remains a big challenge globally. In Uganda, the Uganda, In globally. challenge a big remains AIDS epidemic HIV and heterosexual with epidemic heterogeneous mature generalized a countryhas all AIDS affect population HIV and transmission. of route the main as contact with living currently are people million one about that estimated is It groups. of 2011 the results The HIV while occur 130,000 new HIV infections per year. 15-49 age adults of 7.3% that indicate Survey (UAIS) AIDS Indicator Uganda summary a of the current shows below The table HIV. with living are years HIV situation. 1.1 HIV situation in Uganda in Uganda situation 1.1 HIV 1.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION INFORMATION 1.0 BACKGROUND
2 . The increase in reported in increase . The 1 projects in Arua, Butaleja Butaleja in Arua, projects Sports. Unpublshed A baseline Sports. Unpublshed A baseline
Demographic and Health Survey and Health Demographic 2006. Care and Treatment services by public sector Treatment services by public and Care that the large majority of teachers are in that the large majority vulnerable to HIV infection because the vulnerable AIDS in Uganda, Work place being a ‘high-risk group’ with respect to Affairs and Education and and Education Affairs and stands at 900,000 people, while an estimated stands an estimated at 900,000 people, while there are still more new infections than AIDS new infections than there are still more . The increase in reported numbers of people who are people who are of numbers in reported . The increase 1 burden of HIV continuing to grow. . Teachers are particularly ‘prone’ or vulnerable to HIV to vulnerable or particularly ‘prone’ are . Teachers . 4 2,3 &Macro International Inc.(2007), Uganda Uganda Inc.(2007), &Macro International Source: 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey (UAIS) Survey Indicator AIDS Uganda 2011 Source: Access and Utilisation of HIV/AIDS Prevention, of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Access and Utilisation . Teachers are particularly ‘prone’ or or ‘prone’ particularly are Teachers . 2,3 report. SPEAR. workers in the ministries of Local Government, Internal of Local workers in the ministries and Mpigi. Mpigi. and Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) &Macro International Inc.(2007), Uganda Demographic and and Demographic Uganda Inc.(2007), International (UBOS) &Macro Statistics of Bureau Uganda USA Survey Maryland, 2006. Calverton, Health services Treatment and Care HIV/AIDS Prevention, of Utilisation and (2009). Access U. Vision, World and and Education Affairs Internal Local in the ministries of Government, sector workers public by SPEAR. A baseline report. Unpublshed Sports. place Work HIV/AIDS in Uganda, (2007). Combating Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, Mpigi. in Arua,and Butaleja projects strategic sports sector HIV prevention and (2011). Education Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, 2011-2015 plan MoES, Ministry of Education and Sports (2007). Combating HIV/ Combating Sports (2007). and MoES, Ministry of Education World Vision, U. (2009). World Vision,
Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) of Statistics (UBOS) Uganda Bureau 3 1 2 The cumulative number of deaths due to AIDS of deaths number The cumulative 1,763,300 are orphans under 17 years teaching profession is relatively young, which means means which young, relatively is profession teaching female is profession teaching the addition, In cohorts. age prevalence HIV highest the HIV/AIDS 1.2 HIV Situation among teachers as out singled regularly are Uganda in Teachers infected with HIV every year is evidence that that evidence is year every HIV with infected into the resulting deaths; related
Calverton, Maryland, USA Maryland, Calverton, infection because the teaching profession is relatively young, which means whichmeans young, relatively is profession becausethe teaching infection age HIV prevalence in the highest are teachers of majority the large that overall yet dominated, female is profession the teaching addition, In cohorts. significantly generally are population the adult among rates HIV prevalence females higher among 1 2 3 4 1.2 HIV Situation among teachers teachers among 1.2 HIV Situation with being a ‘high-risk as group’ singled out regularly are in Uganda Teachers HIV/AIDS respect to Source: 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey (UAIS) Survey AIDS Indicator 2011 Uganda Source: while at 900,000 people, stands to AIDS due of deaths number The cumulative 17 years under orphans 1,763,300 are estimated an numbers of people who are infected with HIV every infected with evidence is who that are people year of numbers the into resulting deaths; AIDS related than new infections still more are there grow. to HIV continuing of burden
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 2 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 3 . 5 . Kampala: . Kampala: Uganda in Sector Education the on HIV/AIDS of Impact the of IDC. (2008). Assessment Sports. and Ministry Education of These behaviours are attributed to relatively high social status and income, income, and high socialstatus relatively to attributed are These behaviours periods, of long lack their for spouses from away separation/staying spouse for the spouse from away Living abuse. use and alcohol and accommodation casual sex to non-regular with contributor periodsextended a major time is of partners. multiple sexual having partners, and According to SPEAR baseline (2009), although teachers have high knowledge high knowledge have teachers baseline (2009), although SPEAR to According sexual risky in engage they frequently HIV, about the basic factors about had level the high knowledge that support does not practices. Evidence they that reporting respondents 14% of At practice. into been translated 12 months, sexual in the preceding partnerships in multiple engaged have unmarried 33% of sexual sex only irregular with 16% reporting partners and can teachers of proportion sex, a big from abstinence reporting respondents the sexual of most Moreover infection. HIV high of risk be to at beconsidered condom consistent with protected not partners were irregular activities with reported sex transaction of is evidence Baseline2009). There use (SPEAR there 2005). Although 2007, ESWAPI (MoES 1.6 percent at teachers among in the undesirable sex is transactional seems reported small, it percentage teachers. sector especially among education 5 Teachers form a big proportion of public servants in Uganda. Previous Previous servants in Uganda. public of proportion a big form Teachers is there currently them, yet among high sexual risk behaviours show studies and message of the process guiding strategy communication systematic no needto is There change. behaviour in the sector for development material increase and risk of perception and knowledge individual accurate promote of the rights protect as well as behaviours risky avoid to motivation individual the round ideal BCCan strategyis address to all of design The teachers. PHAs the strategy teachers, among Other HIV prevention than behaviours. current to sexuality, both with decrease HIV and will the stigma to associated aim support and care treatment to access encourage and discussion open promote teachers. for 1.3 Justification for BCC intervention for teachers for BCCfor intervention 1.3 Justification Secondly, it is commonly suggested that teachers are more likely to engage in engage to likely more are teachers that suggested commonly is it Secondly, This population. the adult of the rest to compared high-risk sexual behaviour especially off well in when posted rural relatively because they are mainly is one posted from frequently are the local to population), (compared areas sizeable alleged is that it male teachers, in the case of and another, school to theirstudents with sexual relations have numbers Increase knowledge and personal perception of risk of HIV infection HIV infection of risk of personalperception and knowledge Increase campaigns. communication multi-dimensional through teachers among AIDS and HIV and the basic facts dialogue of on community Stimulate teachers, among the epidemic to contribute that factors the underlying like structural to factors related settings risk and behaviors risk as such transfers. staff utilise HIV and who adhere teachers of theproportion increase To services ART) and (HCT 2.3 Communication Strategy Objectives Strategy 2.3 Communication 1 2 3 2.2 Goal strategy the of new of infections HIV reduction to the contribute to strategyis of goalthe The 2016. by teachers among 2.1 Shared vision 2.1 Shared the infected receiving and new infections HIV free of teachers of community A care. HIV comprehensive 2.0 SHARED VISION, GOAL AND OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES GOAL VISION, 2.0 SHARED
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 4 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 5 3.1 Individual Behaviour Change theory in others by influenced are cases individuals most in been that has argued It also can change individual an However, change. to their social environments describes below the The figure others. by being influenced without behaviour key addition, occurs. In change behaviour which individual through process provided. also are stages the different at interventions Different theories of behaviour change informed this strategy although strategy although this informed change of behaviour theories Different next in as highlighted strategy is the on theories basedtwo the specifically, that factors for guidance maximize to attempt sections. The theoryan is mix change: behaviour influence In order to design and implement an effective communication strategy, theories strategy, communication effective an implement design and to order In occurs a process as Communication be to integrated. evidence have and Behaviour remember. and select they see, what interpret People time. over which individuals through the process explain to theories help change people How messages. different react to and it interpret information, receive they believe what shapes they know what they know, what see shape things behaviour influence that they act. Factors how they believeshapes what and (both implication cost the new of the behaviour, benefits include may change the new arise from may that opportunities cost), opportunity monetary and the sustain and change can one self efficacy individual that (belief behaviour, in others the of behaviour environment, the from influence newbehaviour), services. and information of availability and community 3.0 THEORETICAL FRAME WORK FRAME WORK 3.0 THEORETICAL
5 nt stages are also nt stages are about the need to change. tion intervention should determine at what determine should intervention tion rventions at the differe rventions at implementers determine whether the audience audience the whether determine implementers is aware of the problem and knowledgeable is aware of the problem e desired behaviour e knowledge but are not convinced practices the desired behaviour and advocates it to others : is in favour of th sired behaviour sired de the practices : oblem or their personal risk The audience doesn’t know the problem The audience doesn’t know the problem or their risk personal problem the know doesn’t audience The Unaware: and the problem Concerned, of Knowledgeable: aware is Aware, behaviour desired about knowledgeable behaviour the desired of in favour Change: is to Motivated new behaviour behaviour: practices the desired Tries to it new advocates Behaviour: and Sustains behaviour practices the desired others should intervention a communication of implementation and Development implementers program This will is. enable the audience stage what at determine about desired behaviour Aware, Concerned, Knowledgeable: Aware, Concerned, Knowledgeable: Motivated to Change Unaware: Unaware: behaviour new Tries Behaviour: new Sustains • • • • • provided. theory change behaviour individual The 1: Figure behaviour change occurs. In addition, key inte change occurs. In addition, behaviour An audience can be described as: stage the audience is. This will enable program is. stage the audience needs knowledge or they have th Development and implementation of a communica a of implementation and Development
An audience can be can described audience An as: Figure 1: The individual 1: theoryFigure change behaviour
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 6 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 7 This theory by Albert Bandura (1977), recognises the influence of external recognises This theoryby (1977), Albert influence the Bandura and peers of family, the interactions The individuals. on factors environmental behaviour. individual ones shaping for also responsible are the community risk attribute who teachers the among beenmanifested have influences Such from away deployments etc), groups (alcohol peer to influence behaviours This relationship. sexual from resulting benefits their economic spouses, to environment enabling an creating of the importance theory underscores newon to take attempts an individual when example For behaviour. influence be must this change policies, services facilitate to behaviour the products and accessible. and available 3.2. Social Learning Theory The communication strategy for teachers will integrate aspects of peers who willteachers integrate for strategy communication The shaping role in a critical plays since peer influence users” act “satisfied as may teachers. among behaviour determine whether the audience needs knowledge or they have the knowledge the knowledge they have or needs knowledge whetherdetermine the audience the assessment addition, In the need change. to about convinced not are but who then behavior the desired practicing already people some establish can These users/clients”). “satisfied as (such reference of becan utilized a point as services. or products for becan good advocates Increase knowledge and personal perception of risk of HIV infection infection HIV of risk of personalperception and knowledge Increase campaigns. communication multi-dimensional through teachers among utilise HIV and who adhere teachers of the proportion increase To services ART) and (HCT Multiple sexual partnerships Multiple use condom Low sex Transactional serviceLow utilisation abuse Alcohol • • Goal: contribute “to activities is, program Expectedof impact overall 2016.” by teachers among new HIV infections of the reduction to objective: Communication • • • • • Priority Issues: Priority strategy the that issues priority the assessment, rapid the from identified We as, teachers among address to hopes An assessment was made among teachers that included administering administering included that teachers among made was assessment An districts. Kalangala and in Kampala teachers with questionnaires individual teachers with (FGDs) Discussions FocusGroup also involved assessment The also collected Informant key We level. teaching sex and age, by grouped collecteddata The teachers. the who influence stakeholders key from data a day held three We reviewed. literature from the findings supplemented teachers who included; stakeholders key with workshop development strategy representative, (MoH) Ministry Health Kalangala, of and Kampala from MinistryEducation and of Educators District Health representative, UAC also a had We departments. key from representatives (MoES) Sports and to formed was a committe and the stakeholder with meeting validation processalso strategy development TheCommunication finalisestrategy. the below; as strategy for a framework of presentation included 4.0 BCC STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS DEVELOPMENT 4.0 BCC STRATEGY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 8 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 9 Principles and Education managers Education and Principles institutions training Teacher the community and Parents Non teaching staff in primary in and secondary staff teaching schools. Non teachers Head School administrators Teachers • • • • • • Secondary audience: Primary audience: • Teachers have reduced extra marital affairs to prevent HIV infection. prevent to affairs extra marital reduced have Teachers each other to faithful remain teachers Married Clark, S. (2004). Early Marriage and HIV Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Studies in Family Planning, 35 35 Planning, in Family Africa. Studies in Sub-Saharan HIV Risks and Marriage S. (2004). Early Clark, 149-160. in in rural marriage within Uganda transmission HIV-1 of (1999). Rates L. M., et al. Carpenter, the partners. AIDS 13(9), 1083-1089. of the HIV sero-status to relation strategic sports sector HIV prevention and (2011). Education Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, 2011-2015. plan 6 7 8 Teachers engage in extra marital sex and multiple sexual partnerships multiple sex in extra marital and engage Teachers Desired behaviour i. ii. Current behaviour Current Studies in multiple Sub-Saharan African countries have shown that married that shown have African countries Sub-Saharan multiple in Studies sexually than infection HIV active of higher rates have increasingly women sexual regular more with associated are Findings unmarried women6. sex from abstain to the ability of the lack and use, decreased condom activity, susceptibility. biological increased women’s by all married, exacerbated once to women as twice likely as were men that showed in Uganda study A separate sexual extra-marital through behaviour7. a marriage into HIV infection bring The HIV infection. for in a higher category risk are marriedwomen Thus, the general within that, found MOTA study- Analysis Transmission modesof occurs within new infections of (43%) proportion the largest population, sexual multiple this study, In couples. heterosexual monogamous” “mutually living women and men among common more significantly were partnerships their homes. from away sexual partnerships multiple that also suggested have MoES by Other studies workers, teachers, fellow learners, involving teachers among common are to relating favors promotion, cash, for managers education and communities engage teachers of revealed 30% that assessment The others8. among transfers sexual partnerships. in multiple 5.1 Multiple sexual partnerships 5.1 Multiple Problem profile 5.0 PRIORITY ISSUES 5.0 PRIORITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 10 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 11 Multiple sexual partnerships can increase the risk of HIV infection the of risk increase sexual can partnerships Multiple sexual in multiple HIV infection the of risk reduce use can Condom partnerships at looking simply AIDS by has HIV or infected who by is tell cannot You the person life your prolong will help condoms using HIV positive, are if you Even carries of a risk condoms without have you that Every sexual encounter HIV infection. Faithfulness in marriage increases trust between partners and reduces trust reduces increases between in marriage partners and Faithfulness HIV. acquiring of risk Now that I have realized the dangers of extra marital sexual relationships sexual extra marital of relationships realized the dangers I have that Now of the number reduce to going sexual I am partnerships, multiple and partners. regular casual and sexual partnerships, in multiple engaging of the dangers I know that Now partner. my to faithful remain to going I am Teachers who engage in extra-marital relationships and multiple sexual multiple and relationships in extra-marital who engage Teachers HIV prevention. for consistently and correctly use condoms partnerships Key Promise Key protecting by will sexual benefit of partners, you the number reduce you If HIV infection. from family your and yourself ii. iii. iv. v. vi. i. Key messages Key To reduce the proportion of teachers who engage in multiple sexual relations sexual relations in multiple who engage teachers of the proportion reduce To 2016. 15% by 30% to from Behaviour Change Objective Desired response action i. ii. iii. Egoism: the belief, especially among men, that they can have more than than more they have can that men, the belief, especially among Egoism: one only to stick who should sexual women, opposed to one partners as sexual partner sexual one than more have to men fellow from the pressure pressure: Peer a time. partner at judgement. ones impairs use that Alcohol The government of Uganda and World Health Organisation (WHO) (WHO) Health Organisation World and Uganda of government The HIV against the ABC in the strategy fight endorses support frameworks national other and strategy prevention national The sexual relationships multiple of reduction Engaging in multiple sexual relations exposes you to a higher risk of a higher of risk to exposes you sexual relations in multiple Engaging HIV infection acquiring sexual relationships in multiple involved people that shown has Research Infection HIV of at higher risk are sex unprotected having often and parts. counter the other to compared charge. free of in all health outlets available are Condoms Debilitating factors that the communication team should be aware should be team aware the communication that factors Debilitating of i. ii. iii. Cultural belief that having more women makes you more of a man i.e. status status i.e. a man of more you makes women more having belief that Cultural symbol minimize the competition to Ways in involved the risks about teachers female both male and of Sensitization sexual partnerships. multiple extra-marital, • • the message for Competition • • • Support points for the promise for points Support
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 12 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 13 . In the . In 10 revealed that, revealed that, 11 . However, teachers do believe that consistent and and consistent do believe that teachers . However, 9 ; Assessing Drivers of HIV Infection Among Among Drivers HIV Infection of ; Assessing study up follow Multiple sexual partnerships can increase the risk of HIV infection the of risk increase sexual can partnerships Multiple MoES, Ministry of Education and Sports (2011). Education and sports sector HIV prevention strategic strategic sports sector HIV prevention and (2011). Education Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, 2011-2015. plan place Work HIV/AIDS in Uganda, (2007). Combating Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, Mpigi in Arua,and Butaleja projects in the Sector Workers Public Targeted Among HIV Infection of Drivers (2011). Assessing SPEAR/RTI. Uganda of Republic while the acceptability of condom use for single men and women was high was women and men single use for condom of while the acceptability This married people. for low was it respectively, percent 71 and 73 percent at assessment. rapid with the is consistent finding correct use of condoms is effective is preventing HIV transmission just as was as was just HIV transmission preventing is effective is condoms use of correct use especiallyamong condom consistent Low in assessment. this the finding HIV of risk them at sexualpartnersputs non-regular with teachers 9 10 11 Key messages Key i. Behaviour Objective Change sexual in multiple engaged teachers use among condom increase To 2016. by 50% teachers 24% to from partnerships Now that I know the dangers of engaging in multiple sexual partnerships in multiple engaging of the dangers I know that Now use a condom. consistently and correctly to going I am a condom, without Desired response action Desired behaviour sexual multiple and relationships in extra-marital who engage Teachers HIV prevention. for consistently and correctly use condoms partnerships Current behaviour Current use sexual condom limited partners with non-regular with engage Teachers Problem profile use with in condom very reveal consistency teachers low among studies MoES sexual partners non-regular 5.2 Low use condom assessment condom use varied with the type of partner and one was more more was one use the varied type partner with and of condom assessment a spouse. partner or the if partner a consistent was use a condom to not likely SPEAR/RTI The Uganda of Republic the in Sector Public Workers Targeted Misconceptions that condom use is a sign of promiscuity use a sign is of condom that Misconceptions feeling natural for Desire use condom Inconsistent use condom correct on knowledge Poor Engaging in multiple sexual relations without a using a condom exposes a condom a using without sexual relations in multiple Engaging HIV infection acquiring a higher of risk to you HIV. getting from you use protects condom consistent Correct and enjoyable is Sex a condom with locally and once internationally quality for tested are All the Condoms distribution. in the they country before arrive a health facility at ask also available, are condoms Female drug health facilities, including, places in many available are Condoms bars. and places work stations, lodges, gas shops, Condom use can reduce the risk of HIV infection in multiple sexual in multiple infection HIV the of risk reduce use can Condom partnerships partner marriage your to Stick at looking simply by AIDS has HIV or who infected by is tell cannot You the person life your prolong will help condoms using HIV positive, are if you Even carries of a risk condoms without have you that Every sexual encounter HIV infection. Competition for the message for Competition i. ii. Alcoholism iii. iv. v. Support points for the promise for points Support i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. Key Promise Key protecting by will benefit you consistently and correctly use a condom you If HIV infection. from family your and yourself ii. iii. iv. v. vi.
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 14 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 15 . 12 . Teachers are often transferred and and transferred often are . Teachers 13 l use that impairs ones judgement. ones impairs l use that Misconceptions that condom use is a sign of promiscuity use sign a is of condom that Misconceptions MoES, Ministry of Education and Sports (2007). Combating HIV/AIDS in Uganda, Work place place Work Uganda, HIV/AIDS in (2007). Combating Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, , C Lule, , John Tamale, Jerome Kigongo, Sekirime Wilberforce Mpigi. in Arua,and Butaleja projects diseases sexually transmitted practice about and attitude (2001). Knowledge, Wabwire-Mangen. Fred 1). 1(No Vol Sciences Health African in Kampala. students University among and Demographic Uganda Inc.(2007), International (UBOS) &Macro Statistics of Bureau Uganda Survey USA Maryland, 2006. Calverton, Health Although the percentage reported transactional sex 1.6 transactional seems reported small at the percentage Although sector especiallyamong in the education be to undesirable said is it percent, in sex,performed are as defined sexual acts that Transactional teachers. among favours promotional favours, or transfer gifts, money, for exchange 22% for sextransactional 2006, accounted the UDHS to According others. in 2005 in Uganda new infections of 12 13 Desired behaviour sex. in transactional engage do not Teachers sex. safe for sex negotiate in transactional can involved Teachers Current behaviour Current favours sex/sex in transactional for engage Teachers Studies have shown evidence of reported transaction sex among teachers sex transaction among reported evidence of shown have Studies Problem profile 5.3 Transactional sex/ sex for favours sex/ sex for 5.3 Transactional Alcoho i. Debilitating factors that the communication team should be aware should be team aware the communication that factors Debilitating of ii. Ways to minimize the competition to Ways use. condom about teachers female both male and of Sensitization work away from their homes, move without their families, have poor housing poor housing have their families, without move their homes, from away work engage therefore teachers that urged is It paid. poorly are above and facilities their desires. of some achieve to favours sex sex for in transactional and Low teachers’ salaries teachers’ Low transfers and promotion for Desire Debilitating factors that the communication team should be aware should be team aware the communication that factors Debilitating of promotions. and transfers for the salaries desire and teachers’ Low Ways to minimize the competition to Ways of the dangers about teachers female both male and of Sensitization sex.transactional Support points for the promise for points Support conduct. code of their professional against is teachers sex among Transactional the message for Competition i. ii. Transactional sex can increase the risk of HIV infection the of risk sex increase can Transactional Promise The acquiring the of risk will sex, avoid transactional you of the habit stop you If HIV. Now that I know the dangers transactional sex, I am going to stop this habit. stop to going sex, transactional am I the dangers I know that Now Behaviour Change Objective sex. in transactional engaged teachers of the number reduce To messages Key Desired response action
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 16 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 17 Now that I know the benefit of HIV testing, I will take an HIV test to I test willtesting, an HIV of HIV take the benefit I know that Now status. my establish and care seek to for going I am HIV positive, I am that I know that Now service the nearest from provider. support i. ii. Desired response action Teachers seek for HIV prevention and care services from the available service services care the available and from HIV prevention seek for Teachers providers. Desired behaviour Current behaviour Current services. seek HIV care do not Teachers their HIV status know do not Teachers According to the National ART strategy, health seeking behaviour for ART ART for health seeking behaviour strategy, ART the National to According on the information to limited attributed has been This services still is poor. cited services Other factors service the ART of provided. and location sites service of providers, attitudes Negative include: ART to adherence limit that a long-time, taking drugs of for Fatigue facilities, HIV/AIDS testing Inadequate of being seen taking drugs.) Stigma (Fear and of treatment effects Side of Fear both service Reports baseline report, from providers ESWAPI to According due constraint is ART to access that indicated departments the education and stigma (a of qualitative fear to finding). Problem profile ART. for entry a very point is testing important and HIV counselling services HCT of still is uptake very in been that its low reported However, this scenario. to been contributing cited 25%. Several have at factors Uganda such consequences related and status ones sero of knowing fear These include; the about knowledge inadequate perceptions, risk stigma, low job, of loss as HCT. to related misconceptions and myths HCT, of benefits and sites testing never have who teachers of 75% that out found 2005 baseline ESWAPI The that reported the respondents 90% of however, test to like would but tested services. HCT get could one they where a place knew of 5.4 Low service utilisation Most of the health facilities provide information on ART services ART on information the provide health facilities of Most free IVs provide Centre Health most and hospitals government Major ARVs have health centres private profit for not of while a number ARVs subsidised rates. at scale the to up committed partners is with in collaboration Government the country out through Programme ART If you seek for HIV services early and know your status, you can prevent prevent can you status, your servicesHIV know seek for and you early If HIV. getting from yourself HIV positive, are you that out HIV services seek find for and you early If life. lead a healthy and treatment on be can put you Knowing your HIV status reduces the risk of HIV infection the of risk reduces HIV status your Knowing a live and early treatment get you helps early, HIV status your Knowing good life. accurate. and safe are tests HCT to trained are workers health and confidential remain HIV results Your situation. your secrecy about maintain treatment and care to entry an is point HCT i. ii. iii. Support points for the promise for points Support Key Promise Key i. ii. To increase the proportion of teachers seeking for HIV services. seeking for teachers of the proportion increase To messages Key i. ii. iii. iv. v. Behaviour Change Objective
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 18 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 19
15 17 . There is is also There . 3 . The relationship between alcohol between alcohol relationship . The . Battering of women –and in –and women of . Battering 16 . In Rakai district, south-western Uganda, Zablotska et al. Zablotska Rakai Uganda, district,. In south-western 14 Coldiron ME, Stephenson R, Chomba E, Vwalika C, Karita K, et al C, Karita E, Vwalika R, Chomba ME, Stephenson Coldiron consumption and unprotected sex among known HIV-discordant couples in Rwanda and Zambia. Zambia. and in Rwanda couples HIV-discordant known sex among unprotected and consumption 2008; 12: 594-603 Behavior AIDS and HIV sex and use before Alcohol T. RH, Serwadda Sewankambo NK, Lutalo Gray IB, D, Zablotska AIDS 2006; 20:1191–1196. in Rakai, Uganda. study A longitudinal acquisition: Bull study. in rural violence community-based Domestic F. Nalugoda F, Zhao T, M, Lutalo Koenig 2003; 81: 53-60 Org Health World sports sector HIV prevention and (2011). Education Sports and Ministry Education of MoES, 2011-2015. plan strategic Among teachers, many are also engaged in alcohol consumption that exposes that consumption in alcohol also engaged are many teachers, Among 2011) partners (MoES, sex non-regular with unplanned them to some instances men –has been linked to increased alcohol abuse in marital in marital abuse been –has alcohol increased men linked to instances some sexual and violence physical of forms other and battering As relationships. in equal measures. increases HIV infection the of risk in the home, increase found that alcohol use before sex was significantly associated with inconsistent inconsistent with associated sex significantly was use before alcohol that found study Another women. sexual and partners in men multiple use and condom HIV-discordant sex among safer use between and alcohol the relationship of males who Zambian and Rwandan that found Zambia and in Rwanda couples 1.7 times, 1.5 and were enrollment to prior use in the year alcohol reported in the months three once least sex at unprotected have to likely as respectively, counterparts their non-drinking as enrolment following 14 Teachers have reduced alcohol abuse before sex to prevent risky sexual risky sex prevent to before abuse alcohol reduced have Teachers which lead HIV infection. behaviours 15 16 17 Teachers engage in sexual activity under the influence of alcohol. in sexual the influence under activity engage Teachers Desired behaviour Current behaviour Current Problem profile judgment, impair can of alcohol in sex the influence under Engaging A study sexual risky increase behaviour. and relations, power compromise number greater a with useassociated was alcohol that Africa South in found frequent more and intercourse unprotected of sex partners,higher rates of failures condom 5.5 Alcohol abuse evidence that alcohol use increases the risk of physical, sexual and emotional sexual emotional and physical, the use of risk increases alcohol evidence that 2003) et al. (Koenig in the home violence Some people feel that they can’t spend a day without taking any alcoholic alcoholic taking any without spend a day they can’t that feel people Some drink to do courage them the gives alcohol drinkers that among The belief a sexual relationship. initiate e.g. things, Alcohol abuse exposes you to a higher risk of acquiring HIV infection acquiring a higher of risk to exposes abuse you Alcohol judgement impairs Alcohol If you reduce alcohol use before sex, you will benefit by making correct making correct by will sex, benefit you use before alcohol reduce you If HIV from family your and yourself protecting and sexual judgment infection other for cater to will money safe you consumption alcohol reduce you If concerns development You may not use a condom correctly when you take alcohol when you correctly use a condom not may You judgement sense of your impairs Alcohol personal perception risk your reduces Alcohol sexual partners multiple of risk at you puts Alcohol Alcohol use can impair judgment, compromise power relations, and and relations, power compromise judgment, impair use can Alcohol HIV infection the of risk which increase sexual risky increase behaviour violence sexual emotional and physical, the of use risk increases Alcohol in the homes
ii. Competition for the message for Competition i. Support points for the promise for points Support • • Key Promise Key i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. Key messages Key i. ii. Now that I have realized the dangers of alcohol abuse before sex, I am going going sex, I am before abuse alcohol of realized the dangers I have that Now alcohol. of intake my reduce to Behaviour Change Objective 2016 50% by alcohol who abuse teachers of the proportion reduce To Desired response action
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 20 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 21 . problems people’s away takes alcohol The belief that Debilitating factors that the communication team should be aware should be team aware the communication that factors Debilitating of Ways to minimize the competition to Ways sex. before consumption alcohol of the dangers about teachers of Sensitization There are special skills which would need to be enhanced and a focus would focusspecialwould be a and need to are skills would be enhanced which There Agents-BCAs. called Change Behaviour Education in Peer trainers of trainers needswill especially communication of Efforts to identify made training be be addressed. which would nature A leaflet with more or less similar information as the posters willas the posters be developed. information similar or less more A leaflet with in all teachers Theseto schools. willavailed be 6.5 Training 6.4 Leaflet 6.3 Poster 6.3 Poster will be behaviour risk more or one HIV and on (A2, art paper) A poster from brief a creative given A designer will and developed. be contracted MoES willreviewedby be concept The a concept. willwhich he/she develop the among will in English pre-tested drafts be and stakeholders other and final The will poster finalized.revisedand be schools All audience. intended will these with HIV messages. be availed 6.2 Radio program style willmagazine of a The be developed. radio talkshows Thirty minute The selected on radio stations. a week, once will be broadcast programs The answers. and questions speakers, discussions, guest will feature program officials in the HIV MoES experts will speakers guest in the HIV field, include willpre- be programs The professionals. other and members TAAG sector, recorded. 6.1 Radio spots use will be condom and sexual multiple partnerships on spots radio The group marketing Health Uganda like Partners even adopted. or developed among spear head this campaign to board on will(UHMG) be brought the furthest will to teacher be explored. reaching for Avenues teachers. 6.0 MEDIA, MATERIALS AND CHANNELS AND MATERIALS 6.0 MEDIA,
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 22 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 23 6.8 Staff meeting 6.8 Staff for opportunity a great are and these meetings staff regular have Teachers will messages Specific for be designed messages. change behaviour on passing meetings. such HIV during on teachers to communicate to a peer educator It has been observed that people learn best when the education sessions are are been sessions has observed learn best people when the education that It Drama and Music Dance Specifically, entertainment. with accompanied AIDS willand on HIV be keymessages with film-shows plus (MDD) audiences. the target key for developed 6.7 Entertainment Education 6.7 Entertainment 6.6 Community Education by BCAs Education BCAs 6.6 Community by as Agents-BCAs Change will Behaviour be aid materials Some to developed chart will the for A flip BCAs be developed sessions. small group theyconduct manual. a and messages different with packaged and
Student teachers teachers Student and distributed distributed and brochures)
Partners Partners Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, materials procured procured materials IEC(Posters, leaflets& leaflets& IEC(Posters,
Quarterly Quarterly 2012/2016 MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES Peers Teachers, Teachers, Number of IEC IEC of Number d) Procure & distribute distribute & Procure d)
MTCT
condoms, SMC,P SMC,P condoms,
Student teachers teachers Student services e.g. e.g. services
Partners Partners Dispensers, peers peers Dispensers, Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, accessing prevention prevention accessing Condom Provision/SMC Provision/SMC Condom
Continuous Continuous 2012/2016 MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES Mass media, media, Mass Teachers, Teachers, Number of teachers teachers of Number c) Prevention services e.g e.g services Prevention c)
Student teachers teachers Student
Partners Partners Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, shows held shows
Quarterly Quarterly 2012-2016 MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES media Mass Teachers, Teachers, b) Radio Talk shows shows Talk Radio b) c) Number of talk talk of Number c)
30%-15%
relations from from relations
media media of teachers trained trained teachers of multiple sexual sexual multiple
Mass and print print and Mass out b)Number b)Number out who engage in in engage who
Student teachers teachers Student /seminars carried carried /seminars of teachers teachers of
2012-2016 Partners Partners (BCA); (BCA); Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, training workshops workshops training & seminars) seminars) & proportion proportion
Quarterly Quarterly Years - - Years MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES Peer Educators Educators Peer Teachers, Teachers, a)Number of of a)Number a) Trainings(workshops Trainings(workshops a) To reduce the the reduce To
ISSUE 1: MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERSHIP SEXUAL MULTIPLE 1: ISSUE
Office Objectives Objectives
Frame Persons/ Audience Audience Change Change
Frequency Time Time Responsible Responsible Channels Activities /Strategies Activities Output Output Target Target Behaviour Behaviour 7.0 BCC STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION MATRIX IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY BCC 7.0
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 24
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS
25
b) Expert talks Expert b) out Workplace policy Workplace
brail materials materials brail student teachers student workshops carried carried workshops Code of Conduct and and Conduct of Code
Dev partners Dev print media and and media print Lecturer and and Lecturer dissemination dissemination Teachers’ Professional Professional Teachers’
Annually Annually 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, tutors tutors Teachers, Number of of Number c)Disseminate the the c)Disseminate
b) Expert talks Expert b)
brail materials materials brail student teachers teachers student transactional sex sex transactional
Dev partners partners Dev print media and and media print lecturers and and lecturers sensitized on the dangers of of dangers the on
Monthly Monthly 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, tutors, tutors, Teachers, Number of teachers teachers of Number b) Sensitize teachers teachers Sensitize b) Zero
Foundation Uganda ) ) Uganda Foundation sex from 1.6%- from sex
teachers for Developments Developments for transactional transactional
b) Expert talks Expert b) and students students and CDFU(Communication CDFU(Communication who engage in in engage who
brail materials materials brail Lecturers, Lecturers, e.g. UHMG, PACE PACE UHMG, e.g. of teachers teachers of
Dev partners partners Dev print media and and media print Tutors, Tutors, broad on board on broad with other stakeholders stakeholders other with the number number the
Annually Annually 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, Teachers, Number of partners partners of Number a) Create Partnerships Partnerships Create a) To reduce reduce To
ISSUE 3: TRANSACTIONAL SEX/SEX FOR FAVOURS FOR SEX/SEX TRANSACTIONAL 3: ISSUE
b) Expert talks Expert b) use
brail materials materials brail Student teachers Student consistent condom condom consistent condom use condom
Partners Partners print media and and media print Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, on proper and and proper on proper and consistent consistent and proper
Monthly Monthly 2012/2016 MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, Teachers, Teachers sensitised sensitised Teachers c) Sensitize teachers on on teachers Sensitize c)
b) Expert talks Expert b)
brail materials materials brail Student teachers Student
Partners Partners print media and and media print Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, with teachers with
Quarterly Quarterly 2012/2016 MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, Teachers, b) ABC strategy Talks strategy ABC b) number of talks held held talks of number
c) Expert talks Expert c) 24% to 50% to 24%
b) brail materials materials brail b) teachers from from teachers
Student teachers Student use among among use
Partners Partners media media Tutors, Lectures Lectures Tutors, campaigns held campaigns condom condom
2012/2016 Biannually Biannually MOES & Dev. Dev. & MOES a) Mass and print print and Mass a) Teachers, Teachers, a) Condom Campaign; Condom a) Number of of Number To increase increase To
ISSUE 2: LOW CONDOM USE CONDOM LOW 2: ISSUE
Office Objectives Objectives
Frame Persons/ Audience Audience Change Change
Frequency Time Time Responsible Responsible Channels Activities /Strategies Activities Output Output Target Target Behaviour Behaviour
b) Expert talks Expert b) out Workplace policy Workplace
brail materials materials brail student teachers student workshops carried carried workshops Code of Conduct and and Conduct of Code
Dev partners Dev print media and and media print Lecturer and and Lecturer dissemination dissemination Teachers’ Professional Professional Teachers’
Annually Annually 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES a) Mass and and Mass a) Teachers, tutors tutors Teachers, Number of of Number b)Disseminate the the b)Disseminate abuse alcohol abuse
student teachers teachers student teachers who who teachers
dev partners partners dev expert talks talks expert lecturers and and lecturers sensitised sensitised dangers of Alcohol abuse Alcohol of dangers proportion of of proportion
Quarterly Quarterly 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES Mass media and and media Mass Teachers, tutors, tutors, Teachers, Number of teachers teachers of Number a)Sensitize teachers on on teachers a)Sensitize To reduce the the reduce To
ISSUE: 5 ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOL 5 ISSUE:
wrap around services around wrap
partnerships made partnerships service providers for for providers service
Dev partners partners Dev Continuous Continuous 2012/2016 partners Dev Number of of Number e) Partner with other other with Partner e)
providers providers services providers services
Once 2012/2016 partners Dev Documentation partners Dev Documented service service Documented d) Publicize HIV HIV Publicize d)
TAAG client talks made talks client client talks client
Quarterly Quarterly 2012/2016 Dev partners, partners, Dev talks Expert TAAG Number of expert expert of Number c) PHLIV giving expert expert giving PHLIV c)
Dev partners partners Dev and community community and sensitized SMC,ART & PMTCT & SMC,ART HIV services HIV
Quarterly Quarterly 2012/2016 MOES and and MOES media Mass Teachers, TAAG TAAG Teachers, Number of teachers teachers of Number b) Sensitize teachers on on teachers Sensitize b) seeking for for seeking
community community of teachers teachers of
Dev partners partners Dev surrounding surrounding reached proportion proportion
2012/2016 Quarterly Quarterly Mass media media Mass MOES and and MOES Teachers and and Teachers a) HCT outreaches HCT a) Number of out out of Number Increase the the Increase
ISSUE 4: LOW SERVICE UTLIZATION SERVICE LOW 4: ISSUE
Office Objectives Objectives
Frame Persons/ Audience Audience Change Change
Frequency Time Time Responsible Responsible Channels Activities /Strategies Activities Output Output Target Target Behaviour Behaviour
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 26
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS
27
partner partner irregular partners irregular
irregular irregular they engage in with with in engage they
use with an an with use condoms whenever whenever condoms
report condom condom report teachers to use use to teachers
teachers who who teachers motivation for for motivation
-Percentage of of -Percentage To increase the the increase To ii.
partnerships
multiple sexual sexual multiple partnerships.
marital and and marital multiple sexual sexual multiple
in extra extra in marital and and marital
risks involved involved risks involved in extra extra in involved
who know the the know who about the risks risks the about
Reports reports of teachers teachers of Increase awareness awareness Increase i. Objective]
Monitoring Monitoring MoES Quarterly Monitoring Monitoring -Percentage -Percentage Communication Communication
by 2016 by
records
from 30% to 15% 15% to 30% from
educators’ educators’ partnerships among teachers) among
among teachers teachers among
evaluation -Peer -Peer multiple sexual sexual multiple partnerships partnerships
sexual partnerships partnerships sexual
of-term of-term reports in reported reported in multiple sexual sexual multiple
Reduce multiple multiple Reduce i.
unit & end- & -Progress -Progress reduction reduction (Reduced (Reduced
Survey report Survey -MoES HIV AIDS AIDS HIV -MoES Mid-term Mid-term -Surveys -Surveys Percentage Percentage Desired Outcome Desired
Issue 1: Multiple sexual partnerships partnerships sexual Multiple 1: Issue
Teachers, tutors, student teachers teachers student tutors, Teachers, Audience: Target
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative 8.0 MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN PLAN EVALUATION AND MONITORING 8.0
partners
non regular regular non
engage with with engage
whenever they they whenever partners.
evaluation use condoms condoms use in with non regular regular non with in
end-term end-term teachers who who teachers whenever they engage engage they whenever
term and and term the number of of number the to use condoms condoms use to
mid- reports increase in in increase motivation for teachers teachers for motivation Objective
Report MoES Baseline, Baseline, -Review -Review Percentage Percentage To increase the the increase To Communication Communication
condoms.
consistently use use consistently
surveys correctly and and correctly 50% by 2016 by 50%
evaluation evaluation state that they they that state correctly from 24% to to 24% from correctly HIV prevention] HIV
end-term end-term teachers who who teachers consistently and and consistently and consistently for for consistently and
term and and term reports proportion of of proportion that they use condoms condoms use they that condoms correctly correctly condoms
reports Partners mid- -Progress -Progress increase in the the in increase of teachers who state state who teachers of [Teachers use use [Teachers
Evaluation Evaluation MoES Baseline, Baseline, -surveys Percentage Percentage Increased proportion proportion Increased Desired Outcome Desired
Low condom use condom Low : 2 Issue
peers trained peers HIV infection HIV
-Number of of -Number partnerships & risk of of risk & partnerships
staged on multiple sexual sexual multiple on
radio shows shows radio received messages messages received
drama and and drama of teachers who have have who teachers of
-Number of of -Number Increase percentage percentage Increase
collection collection produced
data data and messages messages and
reports Partners quarterly quarterly of materials materials of
Progress Progress MoES Activity reports Activity Baseline, Baseline, -Number -Number Desired Outputs Desired
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 28
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS
29
negotiate risk risk negotiate
safe sex. safe carefully carefully
negotiate for for negotiate sex who can can who sex
surveys sex but can can but sex transactional transactional
of term term of transactional transactional involved in in involved
and end end and involved in in involved of teachers teachers of
midterm midterm Reports Reports teachers still still teachers percentage percentage
Survey reports Survey MoES Baseline, Baseline, Surveys Surveys Percentage of of Percentage Increase the the Increase ii.
by 2016 by
1.6% to 0% 0% to 1.6%
favours sex form form sex
surveys sex/sex for for sex/sex transactional transactional transactional sex] transactional
of term term of transactional transactional involved in in involved not engage in in engage not
and end end and involved in in involved teachers teachers [Teachers do do [Teachers
reports midterm midterm of teachers teachers of number of of number
Evaluation Evaluation MoES Baseline, Baseline, Survey Percentage Percentage Desired Outcome Desired Reduce the the Reduce i.
Transactional sex/ sex for favours for sex sex/ Transactional : 3 Issue
trained
peer educators educators peer
-Number of of -Number
aired
shows/spots shows/spots
radio talk- radio use use
collection -Number of of -Number consistency condom condom consistency
data data records produced about correct and and correct about
quarterly quarterly -Peer education education -Peer and messages messages and received messages messages received
reports and then then and reports of materials materials of of teachers who have have who teachers of
MoES Progress Progress Baseline, Baseline, -Activity -Activity -Number -Number Desired Output Desired Increase the number number the Increase
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative
SMC
HCT facilities HCT service providers service service providers] service
services like like services
evaluation Records for for Records from the available available the from from the available available the from
take up the the up take
centers in Uganda in centers end-term end-term PMTCT SMC PMTCT and treatment services services treatment and and care services services care and
willing to to willing -Other testing testing -Other term and and term centres for HCT, ART ART HCT, for HIV prevention, care care prevention, HIV HIV prevention prevention HIV
teachers are are teachers -AIC mid- provider provider teachers who go go who teachers of teachers who seek for for seek who teachers of [Teachers seek for for seek [Teachers
Assuming Assuming Reports -MoES Baseline, Baseline, Service Service Proportion of of Proportion Increase the proportion proportion the Increase Desired Outcome Desired
Low service utilisation service Low : 4 Issue
trained
peer educators educators peer
-Number of of -Number
aired
shows/spots shows/spots
of radio talk- radio of
- -Number -Number -
Marketing Group Marketing produced transactional sex transactional
Uganda Health Health Uganda and messages messages and have abandoned abandoned have
reports Partners like, like, Partners of materials materials of who report to to report who
Progress Progress MoES Quarterly Reports -Number -Number Number of teachers teachers of Number Output Desired
being
to improve their their improve to
alternative ways ways alternative transactional sex transactional
sex for for sex well being other than than other being well
transactional transactional to improve on their their on improve to
abandoning abandoning to use alternative ways ways alternative use to
of teachers teachers of motivation for teachers teachers for motivation Objective
-surveys -surveys Quarterly MoES Survey reports Survey Percentage Percentage To increase the the increase To Communication Communication
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 30
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS
31
related NGOs related
communication- before sex] before
x before se before
-All health health -All evaluation before sex before drink alcohol alcohol drink
alcohol alcohol
NGOs end-term end-term drink alcohol alcohol drink 50% by 2016 by 50% teachers that that teachers
stop taking taking stop -All health-related health-related -All term and and term of teachers who who teachers of alcohol before sex by by sex before alcohol proportion of of proportion
willing to to willing -MoH mid- the proportion proportion the of teachers who drink drink who teachers of [Reduction in in [Reduction
Teachers are are Teachers Reports -MoES Baseline, Baseline, surveys Reduction in in Reduction Reduce the proportion proportion the Reduce Desired Outcome Desired
Alcohol abuse Alcohol : 5 Issue
expert talks expert
-Number of of -Number
aired
shows/spots shows/spots
radio talk- radio service centres service
collection -Number of of -Number from the available available the from
data data produced and treatment services services treatment and
quarterly quarterly and messages messages and HIV prevention, care care prevention, HIV
then then of materials materials of teachers who seek for for seek who teachers
Reports centres -HCT Baseline, Baseline, surveys -Number -Number Increase in number of of number in Increase Output Desired
service providers. service
evaluation from the available available the from
centers in Uganda in centers end-term end-term services and treatment services services treatment and
-Other testing testing -Other term and and term seek for the the for seek HIV prevention, care care prevention, HIV
-AIC mid- teachers who who teachers of teachers seeking for for seeking teachers of Objective
Reports MoES surveys Baseline, Baseline, Proportion of of Proportion To increase the number number the increase To Communication Communication
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative
aired
shows/spots shows/spots
radio talk- radio
-Number of of -Number
with teachers with
related NGOs related meetings held held meetings sex
communication- evaluation -Number of of -Number drinking alcohol before before alcohol drinking
-All health health -All end-term end-term produced the risks involved in in involved risks the
NGOs term and and term and messages messages and correct messages about about messages correct
-All health-related health-related -All mid- of materials materials of teachers who have got got have who teachers
Reports -MoEs, MoH -MoEs, Baseline, Baseline, surveys -KAPB -Number -Number Increase number of of number Increase Output Desired
sex
alcohol before before alcohol
drinking drinking
involved in in involved
related NGOs related dangers dangers
communication- evaluation about the the about
-All health health -All end-term end-term knowledge knowledge alcohol before sex before alcohol
NGOs term and and term have got the the got have involved in drinking drinking in involved
-All health-related health-related -All mid- teachers who who teachers about the dangers dangers the about Objective
Reports -MoEs, MoH -MoEs, -KAPB surveys -KAPB Baseline, Baseline, Proportion of of Proportion Increase awareness awareness Increase Communication Communication
& analysis &
Organization collection collection
Officer/ of data data of Verification Summary
Deliverables Assumptions Responsible Responsible Frequency Frequency Improvement target Improvement Indicator Means of of Means Narrative Narrative
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 32 BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 33 Designation Designation PEO/PS SPO/HRD B/S Health Educator Teacher Tutor Coordinating Centre Teacher Teacher Teacher Teacher Teacher Teacher Teacher teacher Head teacher Head Teacher Teacher Teacher Head Teacher Teacher Place of work Place of MoES MoES MoH UAC KCCA high school Kololo Kibanga-Kalangala Primary School Nakasero Primary school Nakasero valleyBat primary school Primary school Valley Bat School Demonstration Kibuli School Demonstration Kibuli secondaryKibuli school Bbeta Primary school-Kalangala Primary School-Kalangala Kibanga Senior School Mengo College School Makerere Primary school Munyonyo Primary school Mackay Nateete Senior Secondary School Kololo Florence Sembatya Sembatya Florence Musinguzi H.S Jesca Naluzze Muyonga Micheal Joyce Namulondo Kadowe Micheal Tabuzibwa Nelson Adyanget Joseph Lubega Kyabukasa Daphrosa Tumwiine Susan Achieng Sahu Mulindwa Florence Mabaale Katongole Mariat Amina Namakula Badru H Segujja Josephine Namutebi David Tusuubira Oidu Leticia Anyokot Lukwago Kenneth Paul Gulaale Frank Kaboyo Charles Anguzu Name Name Appendix in the BCC workshop development strategy Participants
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR HIV PREVENTION AMONG TEACHERS 34