Jonah Elliott Rockoff
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Teacher Applicant Hiring and Teacher Performance: Evidence from Dc Public Schools
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TEACHER APPLICANT HIRING AND TEACHER PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM DC PUBLIC SCHOOLS Brian Jacob Jonah E. Rockoff Eric S. Taylor Benjamin Lindy Rachel Rosen Working Paper 22054 http://www.nber.org/papers/w22054 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 March 2016 We first thank the District of Columbia Public Schools, in particular Michael Gaskins, Anna Gregory, Brooke Miller, Jason Kamras, and Scott Thompson. Generous financial support was provided by the Smith Richardson Foundation. We received helpful comments and suggestions from seminar participants at Brown, Chicago, Clemson, Cornell, Delaware, Johns Hopkins, Kentucky, LSU, New York Fed, NYU, Paris School of Economics, Princeton, Stanford, UC Santa Barbara, APPAM, and AEFP. The authors of this publication were consultants to the District of Columbia Public Schools. The terms of this relationship and this publication have been reviewed and found to be in accordance with the DCPS policy on objectivity in research by the Office of Talent and Culture and by the Office of Instructional Practice District of Columbia Public Schools. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2016 by Brian Jacob, Jonah E. Rockoff, Eric S. Taylor, Benjamin Lindy, and Rachel Rosen. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. -
Explaining Charter School Effectiveness†
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 2013, 5(4): 1–27 http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.5.4.1 Explaining Charter School Effectiveness† By Joshua D. Angrist, Parag A. Pathak, and Christopher R. Walters* Lottery estimates suggest Massachusetts’ urban charter schools boost achievement well beyond that of traditional urban public schools stu- dents, while nonurban charters reduce achievement from a higher baseline. The fact that urban charters are most effective for poor nonwhites and low-baseline achievers contributes to, but does not fully explain, these differences. We therefore link school-level charter impacts to school inputs and practices. The relative efficacy of urban lottery sample charters is accounted for by these schools’ embrace of the No Excuses approach to urban education. In our Massachusetts sample, Non-No-Excuses urban charters are no more effective than nonurban charters. JEL H75, I21, I28 ( ) growing body of evidence suggests that urban charter schools have the poten- A tial to generate impressive achievement gains, especially for minority students living in high-poverty areas. In a series of studies using admissions lotteries to iden- tify causal effects, we looked at the impact of charter attendance in Boston and at a Knowledge is Power Program KIPP school in Lynn, Massachusetts Abdulkadiro g˘ lu ( ) ( et al. 2009, 2011; Angrist et al. 2010, 2012 . Boston and Lynn charter middle schools ) increase student achievement by about 0.4 standard deviations per year in math (σ) and about 0.2 per year in English Language Arts ELA . Among high school stu- σ ( ) dents, attendance at a Boston charter school increases student achievement by about 0.3 per year in math and 0.2 per year in ELA. -
Registry of Efficacy and Effectiveness Studies
Registry of Efficacy and Effectiveness Studies Study Title: An Impact Evaluation of a Math Peer Coaching Intervention on 8th Grade Pre-Algebra and High School Algebra I Achievement (A Proving Ground Project, SY 2020-2021) Registry ID: 4680.1v1 Version History The first version of this entry was published on March 17, 2021 3:40:45 PM EDT Currently viewing this version. Section I: General Study Information PI name: Thomas Kane PI affiliation: Harvard University Co-PI name: Douglas Staiger Co-PI affiliation: Dartmouth College Primary Funding Source(s): Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Award Number(s): - IRB Name: Faster, Cheaper Evidence-Gathering for US Education IRB Approval Date: 2015-07-27 IRB Approval Number: - Other Registration Name: - Other Registration Date: - Other Registration Number: - Study Start Date: - PDF Exported September 26,2021 02:29 EDT. Page 1 Study End Date: - Intervention Start Date: 2020-11-02 Timing of entry: Prior to collection of outcome data Brief Abstract: The study district is piloting a classroom-based math intervention that pairs students together based on a skills assessment and provides them with materials to facilitate structured peer coaching. Students in 8th grade Pre-Algebra and high school Algebra I courses were randomly assigned to either participate in a set number of intervention sessions in addition to their usual math instruction or continue with business as usual. The study will measure the effect of the intervention on students' performance on formative math assessments. Keywords: K12 Proving Ground Algebra Pre-Algebra Math Mathematics High School Middle School Peer Coaching COVID Hybrid Remote Comments: This study is part of a larger project called Proving Ground, a partnership between the Center for Education Policy Research at Harvard University and a network of Local Education Agencies (LEAs), and is being conducted in collaboration with Impact Florida, a nonprofit organization that supports education agencies in Florida. -
Who Benefits from KIPP?
Who Benefits from KIPP? Joshua Angrist, MIT Susan Dynarski, University of Michigan Thomas Kane, Harvard Graduate School of Education Parag Pathak, MIT Christopher Walters, MIT Education Policy Initiative Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy 735 S. State Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 EPI Working Papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by EPI co-Directors. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Education Policy Initiative or any sponsoring agency. EPI Working Paper 03-2010 | February, 2010 WHO BENEFITS FROM KIPP? Joshua D. Angrist Susan M. Dynarski Thomas J. Kane Parag A. Pathak Christopher R. Walters Originalyl posted as NBER Working Paper #15740 The authors are grateful to Josh Zoia and Esther Vargas at KIPP Academy Lynn and to Carrie Conaway at the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education for data, patience and assistance. We received valuable assistance from Sarah Cohodes and Jon Fullerton. We also thank Eric Bettinger for helpful comments. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Education Policy Initiative. © 2010 by Joshua D. Angrist, Susan M. Dynarski, Thomas J. Kane, Parag A. Pathak, and Christopher R. Walters. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Who Benefits from KIPP? Joshua D. Angrist, Susan M. Dynarski, Thomas J. -
The Challenges of Staffing Urban Schools with Effective Teachers
07 5564-7 jacob.qxp 1/15/2007 10:26 PM Page 129 The Challenges of Staffing Urban Schools with Effective Teachers Brian A. Jacob Summary Brian Jacob examines challenges faced by urban districts in staffing their schools with effective teachers. He emphasizes that the problem is far from uniform. Teacher shortages are more severe in certain subjects and grades than others, and differ dramatically from one school to an- other. The Chicago public schools, for example, regularly receive roughly ten applicants for each teaching position. But many applicants are interested in specific schools, and district offi- cials struggle to find candidates for highly impoverished schools. Urban districts’ difficulty in attracting and hiring teachers, says Jacob, means that urban teach- ers are less highly qualified than their suburban counterparts with respect to characteristics such as experience, educational background, and teaching certification. But they may not thus be less effective teachers. Jacob cites recent studies that have found that many teacher charac- teristics bear surprisingly little relationship to student outcomes. Policies to enhance teacher quality must thus be evaluated in terms of their effect on student achievement, not in terms of conventional teacher characteristics. Jacob then discusses how supply and demand contribute to urban teacher shortages. Supply factors involve wages, working conditions, and geographic proximity between teacher candi- dates and schools. Urban districts have tried various strategies to increase the supply of teacher candidates (including salary increases and targeted bonuses) and to improve retention rates (in- cluding mentoring programs). But there is little rigorous research evidence on the effectiveness of these strategies. -
Improving Educational Outcomes for Poor Children
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES IMPROVING EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES FOR POOR CHILDREN Brian Jacob Jens Ludwig Working Paper 14550 http://www.nber.org/papers/w14550 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 December 2008 A version of this paper was presented at the Institute of Research on Poverty conference "Changing Poverty," which was held at the University of Wisconsin-Madison May 29-30, 2008, with financial support from the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Russell Sage Foundation. This paper is forthcoming in fall 2009 in the Russell Sage volume Changing Poverty coedited by Maria Cancian and Sheldon Danziger. Thanks to Helen Ladd, Betsey Stevenson, the editors, and conference participants at the University of Wisconsin’s Institute for Research on Poverty and the Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank and University of Pennsylvania for helpful comments. All opinions and any errors are of course ours alone. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2008 by Brian Jacob and Jens Ludwig. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Improving Educational Outcomes for Poor Children Brian Jacob and Jens Ludwig NBER Working Paper No. -
Covering the Costs by Caroline M. Hoxby
CHAPTER 9 Covering the Costs Caroline M. Hoxby Most Americans, whether employers or parents or people who do business internationally, recognize that our students’ achieve- ment is mismatched with our economy. The growing sectors of our economy are highly skill-intensive, and only the shrinking sec- tors require unskilled laborers. Yet, as evinced by scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), the share of our population that is capable of performing highly skilled jobs is no greater than it was forty years ago. Our students’ achievement is mediocre compared to the achievement of the people world- wide with whom they will have to compete for jobs in the future. For instance, American fifteen-year-olds scored below the aver- age in mathematics in 2009 among students in member nations of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). They merely scored at the average in reading.1 Moreover, in the future, US students will not compete only with OECD stu- dents. They will compete with millions of people from countries like India and China where the number of well-educated young adults is growing very rapidly. FinnSousa_WhatLiesAhead.indb 149 12/19/13 8:15 AM 150 Covering the Costs The recognition that American students must improve is not enough, however. The United States needs to find the methods and the resources to make the improvements. In this paper, I examine some of the methods that hold the greatest promise and argue that they are affordable with the resources we already have. If the past few decades are anything to go by, we might scoff at the idea of improving American students’ skills at no additional cost. -
Downloads/Decoupling- Wage-Growth-And-Productivity-Growth/Decoupling of Wages and Productivity.Pdf)
US ELECTION ANALYSIS NO. 4 Inequality and Opportunity: The Return of a Neglected Debate US income and wage inequality have risen dramatically since the 1970s. The share of the top 1% (those with incomes over $400,000) was as high in 2007 as at its historical peak in 1928. Income and wage differentials between the richest 10% and the poorest 10% have also risen in tandem. The US has the highest income inequality of all rich countries. The only OECD countries with a higher ‘Gini coefficient’ of inequality are Chile, Mexico and Turkey. Workers in the middle of the earnings distribution have fallen behind those at the top of the distribution over a period of 40 years. Those in the bottom 10% fell behind the middle until the mid-1990s. Median real hourly wages have risen by 20% since 1972, whereas productivity has risen by 85%. The difference in the growth of wages and productivity is mainly due to the rise in wage inequality and an increase in non-wage (especially healthcare) costs. But since 2000, profits have risen as a share of GDP as the growth of total labour compensation has lagged behind productivity. Social mobility over people’s lifetimes has not increased to make up for the rise in inequality. In fact, social mobility between generations is worse in the US than in most countries where it is measured. President Obama wants to allow the Bush tax cuts to elapse for households on incomes over $250,000 (which would mean, for example, that the highest federal tax rate would rise from 35% to 39.6%). -
The Association for Education Finance and Policy 41St Annual Conference March 17-19, 2016 Denver Marriott City Center, Denver, Colorado
The Association for Education Finance and Policy 41st Annual Conference March 17-19, 2016 Denver Marriott City Center, Denver, Colorado Please note: this program is subject to change without notice. Wednesday, March 16, 2016 03:00PM to 06:00PM Conference Registration 03:00PM to 05:30PM Board of Directors meeting Thursday, March 17, 2016 07:00AM to 05:00PM Conference Registration 08:00AM to 12:00PM Pre-Conference Workshop 08:00AM to 09:30AM Concurrent Session I 09:45AM to 11:15AM Concurrent Session II 11:30AM to 12:45PM Past Presidents' Lunch (invitation only) 11:30AM to 01:00PM Concurrent Session III 01:15PM to 02:30PM First General Session 02:45PM to 04:15PM Concurrent Session IV 04:30PM to 06:00PM Concurrent Session V 06:00PM to 06:30PM New Member, Graduate Student & International Reception 06:30PM to 07:30PM Welcome Reception and Announcement of Outstanding Service Award Friday, March 18, 2016 07:00AM to 05:00PM Conference Registration 07:00AM to 08:00AM Education Finance and Policy Editorial Board Breakfast (invitation only) 08:00AM to 09:30AM Concurrent Session VI 09:00AM to 03:00PM Elections at Conference Registration 09:45AM to 11:15AM Concurrent Session VII 11:30AM to 01:00PM Concurrent Session VIII 01:15PM to 02:45PM Second General Session 03:00PM to 04:30PM Concurrent Session IX 04:45PM to 06:15PM Poster Session 06:30PM to 07:30PM Cocktail Hour & Greet Newly Elected Board of Directors Saturday, March 19, 2016 08:00AM to 09:30AM Concurrent Session X 09:45AM to 11:15AM Concurrent Session XI 11:30AM to 01:00PM Concurrent Session -
Nber Working Paper Series School Choice, School
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES SCHOOL CHOICE, SCHOOL QUALITY AND POSTSECONDARY ATTAINMENT David J. Deming Justine S. Hastings Thomas J. Kane Douglas O. Staiger Working Paper 17438 http://www.nber.org/papers/w17438 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 September 2011 This project was funded through grant number R305E50052 from the U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences. We would like to thank Lawrence Katz, Susan Dynarski, Brian Jacob and Christopher Jencks for reading early drafts of this paper and for providing essential guidance and feedback. We benefited from the helpful comments of Josh Angrist, Amitabh Chandra, Caroline Hoxby, Brian Kovak, Bridget Long, Erzo Luttmer, Dick Murnane, Seth Richards-Shubik, Lowell Taylor and seminar participants at the NBER Summer Institute, Harvard University, Columbia University, the University of Michigan, RAND and the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) and Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness (SREE) meetings. Special thanks to Andrew Baxter at CMS and Sarah Cohodes and Eric Taylor at CEPR for help with matching the student files to the NSC. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2011 by David J. Deming, Justine S. Hastings, Thomas J. Kane, and Douglas O. Staiger. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. -
School Choice and College Attendance Evidence from Randomized Lotteries
David Deming DRAFT – DO NOT CIRCULATE September 2009 1 School Choice and College Attendance Evidence from Randomized Lotteries David Deming Justine Hastings Thomas Kane Douglas Staiger This is a preliminary draft. Please do not circulate or quote it without prior permission. Comments are welcome and appreciated. ABSTRACT In 2002, Charlotte Mecklenburg school district implemented an open enrollment policy that allocated slots at oversubscribed schools via random lottery. To assess the impact of gaining admission to a highly demanded high school, we match administrative data from the district to the National Student Clearinghouse, a national administrative database of postsecondary enrollment. We find strong evidence that high school lottery winners from neighborhoods assigned to the lowest-performing schools benefited greatly from choice. Girls are 12 percentage points more likely to attend a four-year college. Boys are 13 percentage points more likely to graduate from high school but are less likely to attend a four-year college. We present suggestive evidence that changes in relative rank within schools may explain these puzzling gender differences. In contrast with the results for students from low-performing home school zones, we find little evidence of gains for students whose home schools are of even average quality. David Deming DRAFT – DO NOT CIRCULATE September 2009 2 School choice is an increasingly important feature of the U.S. education policy landscape. Scarce public resources and the rising return to education have led to a focus on policies that can enhance schools’ productivity. Proponents of school choice espouse policies which decouple neighborhood residence and school attendance, breaking the monopoly power of local school districts and causing schools to compete for students (Hoxby, 2003.) Aside from competitive pressure, school choice could also enhance welfare by improving match quality between students and schools (Hoxby, 2003). -
Navigating the Job Market
Newsletter of the Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession Fall 2007 Published three times annually by the American Economic Association’s Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession Navigating the Job Market Introduction Tips for Interviewing at Economic Careers in Once You Have a Job by Anna Paulson page 3 Liberal Arts Colleges Litigation Consulting: Offer—What Next? Web Resources and by Sarah E. West page 5 The Road Less Traveled by Janice Eberly page 7 Reminders page 4 by Anne Layne-Farrar page 6 Board Member Board Member Biography Biography CONTENTS CSWEP Board of Directors page 2 Martha L. Fiona Scott From the Chair page 2 Olney Morton Board Member Biography: Martha L. Olney and Fiona Scott Morton After class early in the I signed up for the intro- pages 1, 8, 9 term, a student walked up to me. “Don’t ductory economics sequence when I arrived Feature Articles: Navigating the Job take this the wrong way,” he began. I at Yale College as a freshman. I found the Market pages 3–8 braced. “I like your class. My friend had discipline interesting, intuitive, and useful CSWEP Sessions at the Western you last term and said I totally should take at explaining the world around me. I was Economic Association Meeting your class. She said you’re eccentric but then very lucky to be able to work as an page 9 good.” RA for Professor Martin Feldstein at the I’ve spent the weeks since pondering NBER the summer after my freshman year.