Jones, John B. A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary. 2 vols. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1866.

Volume 1 Has to leave Philadelphia, papers, 13-14 Baltimore, 14 Beauregard, Bragg, 15 Richmond, 15ff flag, 16 Yankees on train questioned, 16 , reaction in the North, 16-17 Secession, Letcher, Henry Wise, 17-18 John Tyler, 17 Secession banners, parade, Wise, 18-19 convention, secession, 19-22 People’s convention, 20-22 Fears a new conflict between Whigs and Democrats, 21-22 John Tyler, 22 Speeches after secession vote, Wise, Mason, 23 Skeptical of popular vote on secession and suggests getting rid of states, 24 , 24 Baltimore riot, 25 Wise, Lincoln call for troops, 26 Virginians and troops for Jefferson Davis, 26-27 Music, women sewing, 27 Merchants and Jews collecting debts, 27-28 False alarm about fighting, 28 General Kearny, 29-30 Letcher, volunteers pouring in, 30 Retaliation and rumors of outrages in Philadelphia and New York, 31 Democrat, secession ordinance, 31 John Tyler, help in seeking government employment, 31-32 Yankee caught questioning slaves about the war, 32 E. Lee, 32 Virginians appointed to Congress in Montgomery, 32 Newspapers and Letcher appointments, Baldwin, 33 Women and patriotism, 33 John Tyler, 33-34 Travel to Montgomery, , 34ff Ordnance, 34 Patriotic speeches at train stations, often by clergy, 35 Montgomery, 35ff Leroy P. Walker, 36, 38 Hotel, 36 Jefferson Davis, 36-37 War Department employment, salary, 37 Judah Benjamin, 38

1

Christopher Memminger, 38-39 , Walker, 39-40 Fort Pickens, 40 Ben McCulloch, 40 Removing capital to Richmond, 41, 44 Robert M. T. Hunter, 41 War and providence, 42 Fighting, better death than subjugation, 42 Episcopal Church, Montgomery, Jefferson Davis, 42-43 , 43 Alexander Stephens, 43 Northern men seeking appointments as general, 43 Large number of volunteers, 44 War Department offices, Toombs, 47 Prices, 47 Troops arriving in Richmond, 48 Walker ill, 48 Documents missing, fear Yankee spies, 48 A. T. Bledsoe, 49, 52, 55, 58, 61-62, 69, 78 Official letters, 49-50 Big Bethel, 51 Robert E. Lee, 51 Floyd, western Virginia, 52 Johnston, evacuation of Harpers Ferry, murmurs against Davis, 52-53 Henry Wise, West Pointers, 53 , 53-54 Memminger, Sabbath, 54 Davis, St. Paul’s Church, 54 Missouri and , 55 Davis and revision of newspaper article, 55 Comet, 56 Walker, 57 Ashby, 57 Seizing of ships, 57-58 Volunteers, not enough arms, 59 General Winder, 59-60 Toombs, Hunter, 60 Quartermaster General Myers, 61 Defeats in western Virginia, 63 Bull Run, 63- Walker, 63-64 , Hunter, Benjamin, 65 Jefferson Davis, 65-66 Colonel Bartow, 66 Beauregard and Johnston, desire to move on Washington, 68 Prisoners in civilian dress, 68

2

Bull Run, Manassas, 69-70 William Nelson Pendleton, sermon, 70 Information on Confederate troops in New York Herald, 70-71 Winder and police, 71 Judah Benjamin, 71 Davis, Benjamin, Beauregard, 71-72 Zollicoffer, 72 Spies, 72 Davis illness, 72 Alien enemy, 72-73 Benjamin, Davis, Bledsoe, 73-74 Walker resignation, 74ff Congressman Ely as prisoner, 76 Northern preparations, abolitionists, 76 Walker, 77 Joseph R. Anderson, 77 Congress and troops authorizations, 77 Arms, 78 Jews, 78 Walker resignation, Benjamin, 79 Benjamin and release of prisoners, 80, 82 Alien enemies, 81 Alien enemies, 82-83 Passports, 83 et passim Gustavus Myers, 83-84 Henry Wise, western Virginia, 84 Hunter and Benjamin, 84-85 Passports, 85 Ashby, 86 Woman gives Yankee plans, 86 Ball’s Bluff, 87 General Evans, Davis, West Point, 87 , West Pointers, 88 Criticism of Benjamin for allowing enemies to go North, 88 Confederate election, 89 Benjamin, Lovell, Gustavus W. Smith, 89-90 Benjamin and Beauregard, 90 Passports, Winder, Maryland, 91 Unionists burning bridges in East Tennessee, 92 Letters, 93 Mason and Slidell, 93-94 Passport, 94 Breckinridge and Humphrey Marshall, 95 Savannah, 95 Alexander Stephens, 95 Hunter and Benjamin, Senate seats, 95-96

3

Robert E. Lee, 96 Congressmen denouncing policy of allowing enemies to go north, 96-97, 99 Dranesville, Stuart, Davis, 97-98 Winder detectives, 99 Edward Johnson, 100 Passports for spies, 100-101 , 101 Mason and Slidell, waiting for England to act, 101 Congressman Ely exchanged, 102 Passport office, 102 Seward, Mason and Slidell, 103 Yankee preparations, 103 Stonewall Jackson, Romney, 103-4 Prices, 104 Jefferson Davis, 104 Congressional election, 104 Henry Wise, 104-5 A. Dudley Mann, 105 Judah Benjamin, passports, 105 Memminger, bonds, 106 Northern papers overestimate size of Confederate armies, 106 Beauregard, 106 Benjamin, Wise, Roanoke Island, 107 Robert E. Lee, 107 Fort Henry, 108 , Benjamin, 108 Roanoke Island, Wise, 109-110 Death of John Tyler, 110 Federal gunboats in East Tennessee, 110 Fort Donelson, 110-11 Jefferson Davis inauguration, 111 Martial law in Richmond, 111-12 Confederate army retreat from Manassas, 112 Evacuation of Nashville, 112-13 Johnston, retreat from Manassas, McClellan. 113 Winder, martial law, 113 Patriotic contributions for the army by state, 114 Passports, office, 114 , 115ff Winder and newspaper editor, 115-16 Joe Johnston and Benjamin, 116 Winder, arrests of druggists, 116 Benjamin Secretary of State, George W. Randolph Secretary of War, 117 Robert E. Lee, 117 Kean chief of Bureau of War, 119 Spies, 119

4

Roanoke Island investigation, Benjamin, Huger, 119 Randolph merely a clerk, 120 Martial law, 120 Health of Davis, religion, 120 Davis and Lee, 121 Women and food for soldiers, 122 Prisoner, 122 Davis family had left Richmond, 123 Destruction of tobacco, foreign consuls, 123-24 Gunboats, 125 Fears abandonment of Richmond, 126 Secessionists and oath, 126-27 French minister Mercier mission, 127 Jackson’s Valley campaign, 128 Extortioners, prices, 128 Balloons, 128 Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Johnston, 129-32 Ambulances and wounded, 130-31 Huger, 132 Johnston wounding, casualties, 132 Robert E. Lee, 133 Beauregard, 134-35 Lee and the Seven Days, 135ff Protests against Lovell, 135-36 Malvern Hill, 140 Wounded, ambulances, 140-41 John Pope, 143 Too optimistic after recent victories, shirkers, 144 Passports, Winder, 145 Winder passports, information going north, 146 Surgeons, 146 Stuart and Jackson, 147 Federal conscription, 148 Cedar Mountain, 148 McClellan withdrawal from the Peninsula, 149 Spy for Pope, 150 Alexander Stephens, 150 Passports for congressmen, 150 Fredericksburg, Jews, prices, 150 Stuart ride around Federal army, 150 Second Manassas, Bull Run, 150-52 Antietam campaign, 151 Ewell amputation, 151 Bragg’s Kentucky campaign, 153ff Davis proclamation of thanksgiving, 153 Conspiracy to make Frémont dictator, Lincoln, 154

5

Prices, wood, 155 Other prices, 155 Union prisoners paroled, 155 Yankees unburied at Manassas, 155-56 Lee, discipline, conscription, 157 Emancipation Proclamation 157, 159 Winder, Davis, Hyde, 159 Expects another battle, Confederates’ diminished numbers, 160-61 Newspapers reduced in size, 161 Telegraph in War Department, 162 Burning cotton and property belong to British subjects, 162 Alexander Stephens, martial law, 163 Kentucky, Breckinridge, 163 Butler, oath, New Orleans, 163-64 Extortionists, Jews, 164 Prices, 164-65 Blockade, substitutes, prices, 165 North Carolinian abusing Davis and administration, 165=66 Congress, martial law, provost marshals, 166-67 Lee and raw recruits, 168-69 Habeas corpus, 169 Jeb Stuart raid into Pennsylvania, 169-72 Randolph, passports, 170 Martial law and passports, 170-71 Prices, 172 Arizona, Apaches, Sibley, 172-73 Northern elections, 173 George W. Randolph, poor health, 174 Conscription, 174 Davis, Beauregard, Bragg, Perryville, 175 Beauregard, Charleston, 176 Bragg, 176 England may demand armistice, 177 Winder, provost police, 178 Davis, European intervention, 178 Robert E. Lee looks healthy, 179 Cotton trade, Benjamin, 180-81 Davis orders, alcohol, 181 A Reconstruction party in the South with Emancipation Proclamation, 182 Impressment, prices, 182 Commissary and Quartermaster cheating the government, 183 Salt prices, extortion, 183-84 Less access to Davis, imperial court, 184 Ship Alabama, Semmes, 184 European intervention, 184 Cotton trade, Pettus, Jew, salt, 185

6

People’s war, Jews, Myers, shortages, 186 French business, salt, 187 Butler, cotton trade, 187-88 Davis, Randolph, Holmes, resignation, 188, 190 Northern elections, 189 Davis slave arrest for stealing treasury notes, 189 Joseph Johnston, 189 Gustavus W. Smith, 189 appointed SW, 191-92 Fredericksburg campaign, 192ff Criticism of Bragg Kentucky campaign, Humphrey Marshall, 193 Prices, 194 Davis reducing sentence for cowardice, 194 Suffering in Richmond, wood, prices, 196 Government leather, 196 Pettus, salt, cotton, 198 Vance, state defense, 198 European news, intervention, 199-200 Patriotism mainly in army and among the woman, 200 Speculation, extortion, prices, 200 Have peace and trade, 201 European peace proposals, 201 Shoes, 202 Jewish goods, 202 Slaves and clothing, 202 Little loss in losing slavery, 203 Cotton mill worker exemptions, prices, 203 governor, drafting slaves to work on fortifications, 203-4 Davis message, 204 Davis appointments, 205 Cold, disease, 205-6 What they are fighting for, what can North gain, 206-7 Vance, cotton, railroad, 207-8 Johnston and Wigfall, 209 , 209-20 Davis, Butler, Munford, 222-23 Christmas, 224 Pemberton, 225 Vaccination, 226 Vicksburg, 226-27 Railroad bridge burned, rumors, 228 Bragg, Stones River, 228 Joseph Mayo robbed, 229 Jeb Stuart, 230 Balancing disaster for each side, 230 Generals and loss of officers, 231

7

Extortioners trading tobacco with enemy at Alexandria, 232 Alcohol, railroads, 233 Conscription bureau, 233 Troops to North Carolina, 234-35 Galveston, 235 Prices, 235 Horatio Seymour message, 236 Vicksburg, 236 Prices, 237 Slaves working on Richmond fortifications, 237 Jefferson Davis message, 238 Henry Foote, 238 Outrages in East Tennessee, 239 Notice of blockage runners in Richmond newspaper, 239 Disparate treatment of those making sacrifices, secessionists, 240 Prices, 240 Federals and black troops, 241 Memminger, Perkins, cotton, 242 Rumors of French recognition, 243 Conscription, exemptions, 243-44 Benjamin, Mason and Slidell, 244-47 Small pox, 245 Yankee mistreatment of an old slave, 245 Rains and new shell primer, 246 France, Mexico, Benjamin, consuls, 247 Fort McAlister, 248-51 Zebulon Vance and conscription, 248-49 Northern newspapers and peace, 249 Extortion, speculation, prices, 250, 252-53 Peace rumors, 253 Charleston, Beauregard, consults, 253 Northern prices, gold, 254 Passports, 254 Lee, cipher dispatches, 256 Cabinet, conscription, 257 Room and board, 257 Rat, food scarcity, 257 Unrest in northwest, 258-60 Substitutes, exemptions, 258 Conscription, exemption, 260 Winder detective runs off to Yankees, 260-61 Prices, 261 Gustavus W. Smith resignation, 261 Appeal to people for food for the army, 262-65 Speech for abolitionist in northern Congress calling for peace, 263-64 Northern conscription, 264

8

Joseph E. Johnston, 265 Prices, 265-66 Reagan, 266 Davis, fasting, humiliation, and prayer, 267 Lincoln as dictator, 267 Flour, government seizure, prices, 267-68, 271 Birthday, 269 Davis illness, 269 Toombs resignation, 269, 273 , 270 Blockade running, 271 Fire, government warehouse, 272 Mitchel and Richmond Enquirer, 273 Government laboratory explosion, 273 Prices, 274 Impressment, dictatorship, 274 Foreigners and military service, 275, 279 Slaves on the Peninsula, 278 Prices, 278 Beauregard, Charleston, 278-79 Seddon, impressment, 279-80 Subjugation, foolish Yankee policy, 280 Federal prisoners, 281 Lincoln as dictator, 281 Spring military campaign, 281-82 Famine, prices, 282-83 Richmond bread riot, 285-86 Snow, 287 Surgeon arrested, disloyalty, 287 Charleston and Beauregard, 288 Speculation, Memminger, 288 British and French cotton loan, 289 Jefferson Davis, cotton proclamation, food crops, 290 Danger of another riot, need for a Virginian to command in Richmond, 290 Habeas corpus, 290 Congressional salaries, 291 Prices, 291 Davis and army strength, 291 Oldham, Seddon, 291-92 Albert Pike and Holmes, 292 Conscription, 292-93 Alcohol, 293 Davis, health, eye trouble, 293-94, 297 Shortage of pins, 294 Prices, 294 More danger from internal divisions than Yankee subjugation, 294-95

9

Prices, 295 Baldwin, innocent man in prison, 296 Charleston, 296 Prices, 297-98 Costs of the war, 298 Assault on clerk of the House, 298 Vicksburg, Pemberton, 298-99 Charleston, 299 Tariff, 299 Organization War Department documents, 300-301 Chancellorsville, 302-14 Vance, D. H. Hill, defense of North Carolina, 303 Protest, Arkansas Post, 304 Jew, 304 Planting potatoes, 306 Alexander Stephens, 306 Federal cavalry, 306-7 Jefferson Davis, 308 Joseph Johnston, suffering of army in the west, 309 Davis and letters, Seddon, 310 Longstreet and Lee, 312-13 Oath, 313 Food shortages, 315 Thanksgiving for recent victories, 316-17 Davis health, 318 Death of Stonewall Jackson, 319 Death of Earl Van Dorn, 320 Cotton, Pemberton, 320-21 Most clerks ought to be in the army, 321 Jackson funeral, 321 Union appeals for more troops, 322-23 Charleston, 323 Schenck, men in Federal uniforms to be treated as spies, 325 D. H. Hill, North Carolina deserters, 325 Lee, raid into enemy country, 326 Enquirer as organ of Davis administration, 327 Davis, health, 328 Vicksburg, 328 Mutual threats of Generals Wise and Dix, 328 Prices, 329 Howell Cobb, 329 Union prisoners, 331 Clerks becoming wealthy, exemptions, 332 Old people in North Carolina driven from home for refusing to take the oath, 333 John Minor Botts, 333 Virginia election, 334

10

Vicksburg, 334-35 Prices, 335-36 Possible slave insurrection in North Carolina, 336-37 Prices, 337 Fraternization, horse, 338 Conscription, overseers and managers, 339 Robert M. T. Hunter, 339-40 Vance and deserters, 340 Spiritualism in northern White House, 340 D. H. Hill, disaffection in North Carolina, 340 A. P. Hill, appointments, 341 Yankees forays in Virginia, kidnapping slaves, 342 Democrats, peace meetings, denunciations of Lincoln administration, 345 Vicksburg, 345-46 Richmond local defense, 348 Blockade, 348 Speculation, Southern Express Company, 350 Winchester, Milroy, 350, 352 Commissary General, rations, 351 Cotton, Europe, 351 Yankee cruelty, drowning of slaves, 351-52 Myers, Jew, Quartermaster General, 354 Northern newspaper dispatches, 354-57 Vallandigham, 357-58 Prices, 358 Rumors of danger to Richmond, 359-62 Yankee cruelty to family, 363-64 Need for vengeance by Confederate soldiers in Pennsylvania, 364 Davis ill, Stephens, 367 Watts and foreigners in Confederacy, 367 Defense of Richmond, 368 Department Guard, clerks, 369 Gettysburg battle, 370-78 Alexander Stephens and possible peace negotiations, 370 Davis and Beauregard, 371 D. H. Hill, 371-72 Davis, ill, 374 Fall of Vicksburg, 374-75, 378 Beauregard and Charleston, 375 Watts, case on trading with the enemy, 376 Davis, military dictatorship, 377 France and England intentions, 377-78 Seddon, 380 Davis, conscription, 381 Starving, 381 , Charleston, 383

11

Woman arrested for giving information to the enemy, 384 Soldiers reduced ration, 385 Money for Trans-, 386 Shortage of bacon for Lee’s and Bragg’s army, 387 Price of substitutes, 387 William L. Yancey death, 391 Davis and Beauregard, 392

Vol. 2

Memminger, money sent to Johnston and Governor Pettus, 3 Bragg, 3 Appointments, 3 Prices, 5 English steamers, 5 William Porcher Miles, Charleston, 5 Flour prices, 7 Extra Bill Smith, 7 Farm income, 8 Mines, Rains, Mississippi, 8 Prices, 8-9 Impressment, sugar, War Department, Attorney General, 10 Commissary General Northrop, reduced rations, 11 Lee’s report on Gettysburg, 11-13 Blockade goods, 13-14 Kirby Smith, meeting in Trans-Mississippi, 14 Story about Lincoln, Davis and war, 15 Davis riding with women in family, 15-16 Peace prospects, morale, 16 Prices, 17 Seddon, blockade running, 18 Finance, Memminger, 18-19 Tullahoma campaign, 21ff Beauregard, William Porcher Miles, Charleston, 21 Fasting, humiliation, and prayer, 20-21 Charleston, Fort Sumter, 21 Post Office, clerk resignations, 22-24 Beauregard, Charleston, 22 Ports, blockade running, 22-23 Memminger, expenditures for army, 23 Whiting, Wilmington, 24 Conscription bureau, 24-25 No execution of black soldiers, 26 Pemberton, 27 Extortioners, speculators, prices, 28

12

Vance, deserters in western North Carolina, 28 Benjamin, Seddon, and artist passage to Europe, 28-29 Wilmington, Whiting, 30 Capeton, Senate, substitutes, 30-31 Bragg, Chickamauga campaign, 31ff Charleston bombardment, 31 Joseph Brown and , 32 Lee and Davis, campaign plans, 32 Rains, Boteler, torpedoes, 32-33 Resistance to conscription in North Carolina, 33 William Porcher Miles, Beauregard, Charleston, 33-34 Lincoln peace terms, 34 Gold prices, 35-36 Charleston, Beauregard, Sumter, 36, 40 Report on military prisons, 36-37 Privates threatening to leave if not transferred to North Carolina forts, 37 Arms and ammunition, 37-38 Peace proposition, 39 Jew, blockade running, 39 Vance, appointments in North Carolina, 39 Clerks, drilling, 40-41 Attack on Standard office in Raleigh, 41, 45 Post office clerks want food at government prices, 41 Desertion and disaffection in North Carolina, 42 European Loan, McRae, 42 Deserter told Meade of detachment of troops from Army of Northern Virginia, 42 Johnston and Pemberton, 43 Disaffection in North Carolina, Davis, 44 Vance, New York troops for North Carolina, 44, 46 Prices, 46 Mistreatment of Quakers objectors at Kinston, 46 Enquirer attacks Benjamin, 47 Whiting, disaffection in North Carolina, 47-48 Lincoln suspends habeas corpus, 48 Cumberland Gap, 48, 53 Discontented mechanics, subversion, 48 Skeptical of victories in western theater, 49-50 Father who has lost threes sons complains of Bragg, Pemberton, Lovell, 51 Investigation of Huse accounts, friend of Gorgas, McRae, 53 Rumor of Seward on a truce ship, Benjamin, 54-55 Quaker objectors in North Carolina, 55 Medicine prices, 56 Need for food relief, prices, 56-57 Suffering at Gettysburg and in Federal Prisons, 58-59 Shoes, boots, prices, 60 Slaves, overseer, Federal policy, 61

13

Extortioners, selling government stores, 61-62 Mexico, French, 63 Davis, Confederate money, gold, 63-64 Methodist revival, religion and war, 64 Bragg and Chickamauga, 65-66 Mechanics and price legislation, 66, 77 Troop review, 67 Butchers, Seddon, prices, Northrop, 68, 70 Suffering in Missouri, 68-70 Salt works, 72 Military prison, 73 Kirby Smith, French, Mexico, 74-75 Davis in Montgomery, 76 Impressment of free blacks for work on fortifications, 77 Food prices, 78-79 Sermon, revivals, 79 Gambling establishments, 79 1863 northern elections, 80 Seddon letters, 81 Woman wants to see U.S. in a foreign war, 82 Cabinet member selling his land and slaves, 83 Conscription, substitutes, 85 Desire for peace, suffering, 85-86 Davis, Charleston speech, 87 Butchers, Commissary agent, 88 Prices, selling to refugees, 88 Youth and revolution, excitement, 88 Prices, 89 Commissary General’s estimate Northrop, 89 Davis speaking tour, 89-90 Davis and dictatorship, 90 Prices, 90 Clothing prices, 90-91 Northern plot to take Richmond, 91-92 Duff Green, 92 Gorgas, 92 Much croaking in Richmond, 93 Judge Campbell allowing people to go north, disgraced clergyman, 93 Martial law in Richmond, farmers refusing to sell grain, reconstruction sentiment, 95 Prices, 96-97 Debt, foreign powers, 97-98 Prisoners at Fort Delaware, oath, 98 Substitutes, 99 Alexander Stephens and furloughs, 99-100 Impressment of slaves, 100 Famine, grand jury, Seddon, 101

14

Prices, gold, 101-2 Rain, prisoner, Belle Isle, food, 102 Money, gold, 103 Clerks, threatened with army service, 103 Impressment, 104 Bragg, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, 104ff General Stevenson’s sister applied for a job, Memminger, Seddon, 106 Whiting, Jews, substitutes, passage out of the country, 107 Soldiers, food, contracts, red tape, 109 Mine Run, 110 Sugar impressment, Georgia, courts, 111 Vance, impressment, 112 Davis message, 112-13 Henry Foote, 113 Money, prices, 113-14 Passport, Jew, 114 Lincoln amnesty proclamation, 115 Substitutes, 119 Christmas, 119 Vance, outrages by Confederate cavalry, 119 Hunter and Seddon, 120 Ould, prisoner exchange, 121 , 122, 125-26 Food prices, 122 Dictatorship, Davis, 122 Speculators, extortioners, substitutes, 123 Congress and war prosecution, 124 Beef prices, 125 Comparison of privations to Revolutionary War, 125 Vance, clothing and subsistence for North Carolina soldiers, 126 Davis veto, bill clothing Kentucky soldiers, 127 Calls for reconstruction, 128 Winder, alcohol, calls for removal, 128 Hostility to Northrop, prices, 128 Newspaper on treatment of Confederate prisoners, 128-29 Martial law, 130 Prices, 130 Commissary supplies, 131 Mrs. Polk, cotton trade with enemy, 131 Jew, prices, 133 Blacks tried to burn Davis house, 133 Tax bill in Congress, 134 Myers, Lawton, Davis vs. Senate, 134 Lee and cavalry, 135 Belle Isle, prisoners and food, 135 Prices, 136

15

Party at Confederate White House, Davis, 136 Extra Billy Smith, more men in state service, 137 Proposal to buy slaves to give to soldiers, 138 Conscription act, 138 Prices, 139 General Pillow, 140 Women as clerks, 140 Rumored arrest of Toombs, 141 Expects troubles for North in coming year, divisions at home, 141 Government pay increase, 142-43 Conscription, 142 Peace propositions, 143-44 Clerks and pay, 144 Mobilizing clerks and others for defense, Butler, 144-45 Union meeting in Greensboro, North Carolina, 145 Howell Cobb, 147 Food price, 148 Martial law, 148 Embargo, food prices, 148 Capturing escape prisoners, 149 Davis slaves runs away, 150 Proposal for taking Nashville from Tennessee and Kentucky congressmen, 151 Sugar prices, 152 Davis discontinues even receptions, 152 Currency bill, 153 Davis is master of Congress, 153 Paper money, 154 Not enough food, his ribs stick out, 154 Winder, Ould, prisoner exchange, 154 Fast day, prices, 154 Northern organization for revolution, 155 Robbery of a Jew, 155-56 Maury, Mobile, 156 Food shortage, gold price, 156 Bragg, 157-59 Pork price, 159 Forrest, 159 Prices, 159-60 Congress vs. Davis, 161 Army short of food, 161 Shelling near city, Seddon, 162 Martial law in North Carolina, 162 Myers case, 163 Cavalry raid on Richmond, clerk killed, 163-68 Vance, habeas corpus, 164 Winder and Libby Prison, 164

16

Money, prices, 164-65 Memminger and clerks, 165 Butler on the Eastern Shore, 168 Dahlgren’s body, 169 Coming campaign, Richmond defense, clerks, 170 Vicksburg, Johnston, Pemberton, 172 Hood, troops at Dalton, Georgia, 173 Fires, incendiary Yankees, 174 Mrs. Seddon, wine, 174 Return of prisoners, 174-75 Davis and young women, 175 William Porcher Miles, Charleston, 176 Bragg, cavalry companies, 178 Memminger, treasury notes in , 177 Fort Pulaski, 178 Treasury notes, food prices, 178 Conscription, clerks, 179 Clerks paid in new money, 179 Lincoln proclamation, 180 Pay, prices, famine, 180-81 Ould, prisoner exchange, 181 Quarrel between Seddon and Memminger over clerks, conscription, 181-82 Memminger, Treasury notes, 182 Prices, speculators, extortioners, 183 Fasting, humiliation, and prayer, 183 Seddon and Bragg, 184-85 Famine, prices, food, 185 , 186 Alexander Stephens, habeas corpus, 187 Army supplies, Express company, bribery, 187 Forrest, Fort Pillow, 188-89 Food prices, 188 Famine, salary, 189 Officials sent to Montgomery, 189 Rumors about moving government to or Alabama, 190 Railroad regulation, 190 Vance and conscription, 190 Impressment, 191 Fort Pillow, Lincoln, 192 Food prices, 193 Robert E. Lee, food, 194 Memminger, money from New Orleans banks, 195 Roger A. Pryor, cavalry, 196 Davis message, funeral of his son, 196 Tornado, 197 , 198ff

17

Battle of the Wilderness, 198-203 Memminger, cotton sales, 198-99 Resolution on limit chaplain’s political prayers, Saulsbury of Delaware, 199 Robert M. T. Hunter, 200 Hunter and Ould, alcohol, 201 Richmond defenses, shopkeepers and extortioners, 201-2 Spotsylvania Courthouse, 202-8 Preparations made for departure of Davis and cabinet, 207\ Hunter and other members of Congress hang about War Department for news, 208 Bragg, 209 Davis, Seddon, 210 Correspondence largely ceased for four days, 211 White and black men working on fortifications, 212 Prices, 212 Military officers worried about success of Grant, 213 Funeral, soldier, 214 Mallory and Seddon, 215 Prices, 218 Newspapers attack Bragg, 220 Rumors, Beauregard, 220 Prices, 221 Prices, 222 Conscription, 223 Joseph Johnston, Atlanta, 223ff Beauregard plan, Bragg, 224 Hunter and Seddon, 224 Robert M. T. Hunter, 225 Southern Express company bribes quartermasters, 225 Staunton, defeat, 227 Grant, alcohol, 227 Potatoes, prices, 229 Sheridan, 230 Lee, dictator, Foote, 230 Petersburg, 232ff Beauregard, 233ff Better news from Petersburg, 236 Cutting of Danville, railroad, morale, 237 Siege of Richmond, 237 David Hunter, Valley, 238 Beauregard in disgrace, 238 Commutation, prices, gold, 239 Capture of raiders, John H. Reagan, Seddon, black flag, 240 Petersburg, prisoners, 241 Pay, food prices, 242 Enrollment of Maryland and foreign conscripts, 242 Wilson-Kautz raid, prisoners, 242

18

Coffee, 243 Subjugation, abundant wheat crop, Lee, local defense, 243-44 Federal conscription, 244 Cotton, Wilmington, 244 Food prices, 245 Clerk assaulted an officer, 245-46 Expedition from Wilmington to liberate prisoners at Point Lookout, 246 Joseph R. Anderson, Tredegar, workers going off to Yankees, 247 Government price schedule, 247 Breaking up Andersonville prisoner, 248 in Maryland, Monocacy, 248ff Grant and Pemberton, 249 Kirby Smith campaigns, 1864, 250-51 Removal of Johnston, Davis, 252-53 Prices, 253 Beauregard, Federal deserters, Davis, 254-55 Bragg, Benjamin, 256 Conscription, purchasing exemptions, 257 Opposition to Davis, Bragg, 257 Petersburg mine, 257-58 Dead cat, chicken, 258 Campbell allowing questionable characters to pass through lines, 259 Signal Bureau, 259 Price schedule, 259-60 Northern papers on Grant at Petersburg, black soldiers, 260 Watermelon prices, 261 Pemberton, Deep Bottom, 262 Prices, flour, 263 Supplies drawn by Seddon for his family, 264 Bacon and flour prices, 264 Davis and Seddon, appointments, 265 Petersburg fighting, 265-66 Meat prices, 267 Grant failure, 268 Election of 1864, 269 Deserters, 269 Foreigners forced to fight, 269 Food prices, 270 Weldon Railroad, 271 Davis as hard worker, 272 Conscription, rich men and slaveholders, 272 Bragg, Hood, conscription, 274 Davis and applications, 275 Nomination of McClellan, 275-76 Women clerks, 276 Alabama militia, Davis, 277

19

Forrest, 279 Horses and mules, Robert M. T. Hunter, 279 Extortioners, clothing and food, 280 Landowners and slaveholders not in ranks, may have an army that will not fight, 281 Prices, 281 Conscription, Bragg, Davis, 281 Criticism of Davis for removing Johnston, 282 McClellan, slavery, Lincoln, Seward, 282 Alexander Stephens, reconstruction, 283 John Hunt Morgan funeral, 283-84 John B. Hood and John Hunt Morgan, 284 Prices, 284 Wade Hampton, captures cattle and prisoners, 284-85 Lincoln, McClellan, acceptance letter, 285 Confederate money, gold, 285 Conscription bureau Bragg, 287 Impressment in Virginia, 287 Herschel Johnson, Joe Brown, Stephens, peace meeting, 287 Beauregard, 288 Winchester defeat, 288-89 Rich and poor and war, 289 Foote favors a convention, 289 Stephen Mallory, high living, 290 Vance, blockade running, 290 Lee, black soldiers, 291 Fisher’s Hill, 291 Joe Brown, militia, Davis, 292-93 Fort Harrison, 295, 297 Defense of Richmond, 296 Artillery fire, 297-98 Pemberton, 298 Males required to have passes, 298 Doctor charges, 298 U.S. Flag, 299 McClellan meetings, denounced as traitors, 299 Food prices, 300 Clerk killed by sharpshooter at Chaffin’s Farm, 300 Details of men revoked, 300 Detailed mechanics, wages, 301 Pemberton, 302 Beauregard, Brown, Cobb, 302 Arrest of exempts, Gardner, Barton, 303 Deserters, 304 Wheat purchases, 304 Arrest of men, despotism, 304 Conscription, exemptions, 305

20

Habeas corpus, 306-7 Fears Lincoln’s reelection, 307 Details revoked, farms now coming in to serve, 307 Deserters, 308 Conscription, details, farmers, 308 Prisoner retaliation, Butler, 308-9 Bragg, conscription, General Preston, 310 Conscription, bank officers, 311 Money, gold prices, 313 Butler released captured clerks, 313 Clerks in the trenches demoralized, 314 Benjamin, Mason, Federal debt, 315 Winder, passports, 314 George Davis opinion on clerks in army, 316 Able-bodied men being arrested, 317 Defense of Richmond, Lee, 317 Jubal Early, 318 Rations, food prices, 318 Beef, John H. Reagan, Seddon, 319 Food prices, 320 Governor Yates, Illinois predicts Richmond capture, 320 Davis, women, details, 320 Fasting, humiliation, and prayer, 321-22 Extra Billy Smith, exemptions, 322, 332 Conscripts hiding in White Oak Swamp, 322 George Davis, exemptions, presidential power, 322-23 Food supply, extortion, 323 Loss of Plymouth, North Carolina and ironclad, 323 Governor Henry W. Allen, , 324 Grant and Lincoln reelection, 324 Beauregard, 324-25 George W. Randolph has left for Europe with family, 325 Seward, conspiracy for fires on election day, 326 Davis message to Congress, 326 Reelection of Lincoln, 326-27 Davis, slave soldiers, 327 Coal price, 328 Clothing, price, 328-29 Prices, speculators, Senator Sparrow, 329 Dictatorship, centralization of power, 329 Seddon resignation rumor, 330 Money changers and speculators, 330 Davis talking to congressmen in the street, 330 Fasting, humiliation, and prayer. 331 Clerks in the trenches, 331-32 Coal price, 332

21

Johnston report and Atlanta, 333 Congress, Davis, exemptions, 333 Food supply, prices, 334 Foote speech on peace, 335 Exemption of state officers in North Carolina, 335-36 Good, wood, prices, 336 Gold price, 337 Dream, 337 Seddon and young aides, 339 Iron furnaces, 340 Lost communication with the front, 340 Joe Brown, militia, 341 Black soldiers on picket duty, 342 Roger Pryor captured, 342-43, 346 Pickett’s troops, desertion, 343 Clothing prices, 344 Landlord prices, 344-45 Overseer exemption, 347 Prices, 347 Wheeler, Savannah, 351 Lincoln message, emancipation, pardon, 352 Opposition to black soldiers in Confederate army, 353-54 Clothes, 354 Davis ill, 355-57 Henry Foot, 359-60 Transportation problems, 363 Clerks, trenches, 364 Christmas, 364-67 Hardee, Savannah, 366 Saltville, 367 Morale, 368 Lee dictator, 368 Great need for fighting men, 369 Prices, 370 Food for Lee’s army, turkey, 371 Assessment of Jefferson Davis, 372 Black soldiers, 372 Davis, St. Paul’s, Minnegerode, 372 Slave hiring, 372 Henry Wise, 373 Government selling gold, 373 Clergy salaries, 373 Importation of shoes, bacon, saltpeter, cannon, 373 Wilmington, prices, 373-74 Blockade running, 374-75 Davis conscripts in western North Carolina, 375

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Youth, passports to Europe, 375-76 Slave impressment, 376 South Carolina defense, 376 States and Confederate army, worsening conditions, 377 Women clerks, 377 Food prices, 378 Judge Campbell, 378 Congress, Davis, 379 Detailed men in officers to go into army, 379 Fort Fisher, 380 Robert M. T. Hunter, 380-81 Savanah mayor, submission, 381 Pemberton, 381 Giving up slavery, 381 Food prices, 381 Jew, passport, 382 Edward A. Pollard returned from being a prisoner, 382 Enemy obtains too much military information, 382 Trenholm, cotton prices, 383 Ould and Seddon, 383-84 Note bureau may move, 384 Frank Blair, Sr. in Richmond, 384, 386-87 Prices, 384 Rumors of evacuation of Richmond, 385 Federals deserters sent to work on Lynchburg fortifications, 385 Arrest of Henry Foote, 385, 389 Salt, hoarders, 386 Clerks and supplies, 386 Robert M. T. Hunter, Wilmington, 387 Jews removing flour, impressment, 387 Singleton, peace, slave soldiers, Benjamin, 387-88 Breckinridge, Seddon, 390 Flour price, 391 Lee as commander in chief, 392 Henry Foote speech, 392 Howell Cobb, opposed to arming slaves, 393 Seddon resignation, 393, 396 Trenholm selling cotton and tobacco, 393 Rumor that Judge Campbell has resigned, 394 Rumors of cabinet changes, 396 Blair and amnesty, 397, 400 Virginia and a separate peace, 398 Robert E. Lee and slavery, 398 Prices, 398-99 Lee as commander in Chief, 399 Few beggars on streets except northern or foreign women, 399

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Good price, 400-1 Breckinridge and Seddon, 401 , 402ff Lee as general in chief, 405 Shortage of soap in army, 406 Chase, Fillmore and Pierce, peace, 407 Flour, prices, 407 Hampton Roads conferences, 409-11 All hope of peace with independence gone, 411 Meeting in African church, Extra Bill Smith, Davis, Oldham, 411 Pegram killed, 412 Alexander Stephens, 413 Meeting in African Church, Hunter, 414-16 Seddon resignation, 415 Women more patriotic than the men, 418 Grant threat to Southside Railroad, 419 Unconditional submission or extermination, 421 Davis vs. Congress, 421-22 Point Lookout prisoners, oath, 424 Black soldiers, Lee as emancipationist, 424 Food prices, 425 Davis and aides riding, 426 Abolishing conscription bureau, 428 Gold prices, 428 Washington’s birthday, 429 Wilmington, cotton speculators, 430 Preachers want to go on stump seeking food for troops, 430, 437 Senate and black soldiers, 431 Prices, 432 Lee and black soldiers, 432-33 Rumors about evacuation of Petersburg, 423 Robert M. T. Hunter, 434 Possible evacuation of Richmond, 435 Disaffection in Georgia, 435 Mississippi and Georgia call for a convention, 436 Benjamin, Tobacco, 438 Flour, meal, prices, gold, 438 Josiah Gorgas, Lee, 439 Meat, 439 Vance, North Carolina exemptions, 439 Gorgas, removal of workshop machinery, 440 Gold prices, 440 Fasting, humiliation, and prayer, 441, 444 Preparations to evacuate Richmond, 442 Judge Campbell, conscription and passports, 442 Packing the archives, 443

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Lincoln, second inaugural, 443 Cloth, cotton prices, 443 North Carolina deserters, 444 Food prices, 444 Judah Benjamin, 444 Davis vetoes, 447-48 Davis, Benjamin, Breckinridge, 448 Davis message, 449 Habeas corpus, 451 Black soldiers, 451 Food prices, 452 Adjournment of Congress, 454 Robert M. T. Hunter, reconstruction, 454 Selling furniture and renting houses, 455 Conscription, 456 Food prices, 457 Flour prices, 458 Attack on Fort Steadman, 459, 462 Reconstruction, 460 Varina Davis and children have left Richmond, 461, 456 Petersburg, fall of Richmond, 465ff Explosions, 467 Fire, 468ff Lincoln in Richmond, 471-72 Clergymen and cburches, 472-75 Surrender of Lee, 474 General Weitzel order, 477-78 Lincoln assassination, 479-80

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