SECTION READING STUDY GUIDE WITH ADDITIONAL SUPPORT Jeffersonian Democracy

Before, You Learned terre The Federalists dominated eveview Terin politics under President Adams. Ss & Names Now You Will Learn e JudiciJudiciary Act of 1801: : allowed the presidenti toto fillfi federal judgeships After a tied election, Jefferson e John Marshall: chiefjustice of the Supreme Court rate became president and reduced e judicial review: the Supreme Courthasthe final say on the powerof the government. what the Constitution means

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Presidential election of 1800: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republicans) vs. President John Adams (Federalists) A New Party Comes to Power

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Reading Study Guide with Additional Support McDougal Littell American History 73 Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816)

SECTION 1: JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY, CONTINUED

A New Party Comes to Power Jefferson and Democracy Thomas Jefferson defeated President John President Jefferson made many changesin Adamsin the presidential election of 1800. the government. He ended many Federalist However,Jefferson had the same number of programs. Healso cut the number of votes as Aaron Burr, the vice-presidential government workers and reduced the size of candidate. This meant that Jefferson and the military. Burrhadtied for president. To breakthetie, Jefferson also changed the financial the House of Representatives had to choose policies set up by the Federalists. Alexander between the two candidates. They voted 36 Hamilton believed that government should owe timesbefore electing Jefferson as president. a debt to the people. Jefferson did not agree. Burr becamevice-president. He used moneyfrom tariffs and landsales to pay off the government's debt. 3. Circle the names of the candidates in the election of 1800. Underline the name of 4. Name two things that Jefferson did the candidate who becamepresident. to reduce the power of the central government.

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5. Underline the pro-Jefferson slogan.

6. Draw dots below the anti-Adams Houghton slogan. of

7. Circle the eagle in the campaign division banner. a

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This campaign banner declared: “Thomas © Jefferson—President of the U.S.A—John Adams—no more.” (Copyright © Smithsonian Institution National

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74 McDougal Littell American History Reading Study Guide with Additional Support Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816) Name Date

SECTION READING STUDY GUIDE WITH ADDITIONAL SUPPORT 2 |The Louisiana Purchase and Exploration

Before, You Learned After a tied election, Jefferson jeanyeview Term, €iNames Peceview becamepresident, and the _ Democratic-Republicans e Meriwether Lewis: American explorer reduced the power of the government. e William Clark: American explorer e Sacagawea: Shoshone woman whohelped the Lewis and Now You Will Learn Clark expedition ¢ Louisiana Purchase: land purchased from France in 1803 The nation doubled in size e Lewis and Clark when Jefferson acquired the expedition: group that explored the Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase. ¢ Zebulon Pike: leader of a southern expedition in the Louisiana Purchase

1. CAUSE EFFECT / CAUSE EFFECT

Because New Orleans Surprisingly, France The Louisiana Purchase is closed to American offersto sell all of the shipping, Jefferson offers Louisiana Territory to the to buy it from France. United States,not just New Orleans.

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Reading Study Guide with Additional Support McDougal Littell American History 75 Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816)

Name Date SECTION 2: THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE AND EXPLORATION, CONTINUED

The Louisiana Purchase Exploring the Louisiana Territory By 1800, thousandsofsettlers were moving Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis to lead an westward across the Appalachians. Meanwhile, expedition to explore the LouisianaTerritory. France and Spain were negotiating for Lewis asked William Clark to co-lead the the Louisiana Territory—the vast region journey west. Along with a groupofvolunteers, between the Mississippi River and the Rocky the expedition set out in the summerof 1803. Mountains. The explorers reached the Pacific Coast in NewOrleans was an important port city Novemberof 1805. on the Mississippi. Jefferson offered to buy ” They returnedto St. Louis the following New Orleans from France. He was surprised year. The expedition brought back important whenFranceoffered to sell all of the Louisiana information aboutthe land. Their descriptions Territory, not just New Orleans. In 1803 the of plants and animals and their maps opened Louisiana Purchase was approved for $15 the way for other explorers—like Zebulon million. The size of the United States doubled. Pike. Pike led an 1806 expedition south from St. Louis. The group entered Spanishterritory, 2. DRAW YOUR ANSWER Draw a got arrested, and werelater returned to the diagram that shows the boundaries of the United States. Lousiana Purchase, based on thefirst paragraph above. 3. Underline the gains that resulted from the Lewis and Clark expedition.

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Primary Source Quotation @ Mark It Up! Company. “The sight of this Indian woman... [assured the Native Americans] of our Mifflin 4. This excerpt from William Clark's friendly intentions. ... No woman ever journal entry mentions Sacagawea's accompanied a warparty in this quarter.” role in the Lewis and Clark expedition. Houghton —WilliamClark, journal entry, October 19, 1805 of ° Circle the reference to Sacagawea.

e Underline how Sacagawea helped division

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76 McDougal Littell American History Reading Study Guide with Additional Support Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816) —————————— ———

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SECTION READING STUDY GUIDE WITH ADDITIONAL SUPPORT The War of 1812

Before, You Learned ce After Jefferson acquired the g review Term, & Names Louisiana Purchase, the nation arn doubledin size. ¢ Embargo Act of 1807: law that forbade American ships from sailing to foreign ports and closed Now You Will Learn Americanportsto British ships The nation gained confidence e Tecumseh: Shawnee chief and worldwide respect as a ¢ war hawk: supporter of the War of 1812 result of the War of 1812. ¢ Oliver Hazard Perry: U.S. navalofficer RR

1807 Embargo Actforbids 1813 American ships from sailing to foreign ports; closes American ports to British ships.

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Reading Study Guide with Additional Support McDougal Littell American History 77 Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816)

SECTION 3: THE WAR OF 1812, CONTINUED

The Path to War The War of 1812 In 1803, war broke out between France and On June 18, 1812, the United States declared Great Britain. Britain capturedall ships sailing waron Britain. At this time, the U.S. Navy had to France, including Americantradingships. only 16 warships. However, their ships won They also kidnapped Americansailors to work key victories. The most important naval victory on British ships. took place in September 1813 when Oliver To avoid war, Congress passed the Embargo Hazard Perry defeated the British on Lake Erie. Actof 1807. This madeit illegal for American British forces burned the Capitol and the ships to sail to foreign ports. Unfortunately, White House in August 1814. On January 8, this law hurt American merchants, wholost 1815, U.S. troops defeated the British in the income. The act was soon repealed. Battle of New Orleans. But by then, the war wasalreadyover. It had ended with the Treaty 2. DRAW YOUR ANSWER Draw a of Ghent, which was signed on December24, cause-and-effect chain that shows the 1814. effects of the Embargo Act of 1807. 3. DRAW YOUR ANSWER Draw a timeline that shows key events in the war. LOOk Cl@ser

CANADA York Lok (Toronto) fal, & Mark I+ Up! champain, a \ Ontario NA NY. 4. The map showslocations of forts ey Company. andbattle sites in the War of 1812.

¢ Rereadthe section called “The Mifflin Warof 1812.” Underline the ATLANTIC OCEAN site of the most important U.S.

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¢ ye American victory naval victory. of | Pt British victory Mississippi \ \ ° Circle thesite of this victory on Teniton \ Ga, =» British blockade

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78 McDougal Littell American History Reading Study Guide with Additional Support Ch 10 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816)