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The Native Forest Birds of Guam

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The Native Forest Birds of Guam (ISBN: 0-943610-38-9) THE NATIVE FOREST BIRDS OF GUAM BY J. MARK JENKINS Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources Department of Agriculture Government of Guam ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 31 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION WASHINGTON, D.C. 1983 FRONTISPIECE.Abo•'e.' Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillata) from Truk. CarolineIslands. illustrating a typical white-eye posture. Photo by D. Roberson. Below.'Male Cardinal Honeyeater (Myzomela cardinalis sa•brdl) illustrating the tendencyto perch on exposedbranches. Photo by H. D. Pratt. THE NATIVE FOREST BIRDS OF GUAM ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS This series,published by the American Ornithologists'Union, wasestablished for major paperstoo long for inclusionin the Union'sjournal, The Auk. Publi- cationhas been made possiblethrough the generosityof the late Mrs. Carll Tucker and the Marcia Brady Tucker Foundation, Inc. Correspondenceconcerning manuscripts for publication in the seriesshould be addressedto the Editor, Dr. Mercedes S.•Foster, USFWS, NHB-378, Nationair Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. 20560. Copies of OrnithologicalMonographs may be ordered from the Assistantto the Treasurerof the AOU, Frank R. Moore, Department of Biology,University of Southern Mississippi, Southern Station Box 5018, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406. (See price list on back and inside back covers.) OrnithologicalMonographs No. 31, x + 61 pp. Editor of AOU Monographs, Mercedes S. Foster SpecialReviewers for this issue,Murray D. Bruce,Turramurra, New South Wales; H. DouglasPratt, Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State Uni- versity, Baton Rouge Author, J. Mark Jenkins;present address: Ecological Sciences Section, De- partment of EngineeringResearch, Pacific Gas and Electric Co., 3400 Crow Canyon Rd., San Ramon, California 94583 First received, 22 January 1982; revision completed, 30 March 1983; accepted 16 April 1983. Issued 9 December 1983. Price $9.00 prepaid ($7.00 to AOU members) Library of CongressCatalogue Card Number 83-72897 Printed by the Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas 66044 Copyright ¸ by the American Ornithologists'Union, 1983 ISBN: 0-943610-38-9 iv THE NATIVE FOREST BIRDS OF GUAM BY J. MARK JENKINS Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources Department of Agriculture Government of Guam ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 31 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION WASHINGTON, D.C. 1983 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................................1 STUDY AREA .............................................................................................................................................................................1 METHODS ........................................................................................................................................................................................3 ROADSIDE COUNTS ........................................................................................................................................................5 STATION COUNTS .............................................................................................................................................................6 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE .................................................................................................................6 SPECIES ACCOUNTS ......................................................................................................................................................6 YELLOWBITTErn'4 (IxoBRYCHVS S•NœNS•S) ..................................................................................... 6 WHITE-THROATEDGROUND DOVE (GALLICOLUMBAXANTHONURA ) ............... 9 MARIANAFRUIT DOVE (Pr•œ•NOPVSROSœ•CAP•LLA) ......................................................... 14 GRAY SWIFTLET(AERODRAMUS VANIKORENSIS BARTSCHI) .......................................... 18 MICRONESIANKINGFISHER (HALCYON C. CINNAMOMINA)............................................. 21 MAmANACROW (Co•vt•s/CVBA•Y0 ......................................................................................................25 GUAM FLYCATCHER(MY•AGe•4 r•EYC•NET•) ...............................................................................33 RUFOUSFANTAIL (Rme•DUe•4 •Ur•rRONS Ue•qNZAE).......................................................... 36 MICRONESIANSTARLING (APLONIS OPACA GUAMI) ................................................................39 CARDINALHONEYEATER (MYZOMELA CARDINALIS SAFFORDI) ................................ 44 BRIDLEDWHITE-EYE (ZOSTEROPS C. CONSPICILLATA)...................................................... 48 OTHER NATIVE SPECIES ........................................................................................................................................50 MIGRANT SPECIES ...........................................................................................................................................................51 NON-NATIVE SPECIES ................................................................................................................................................51 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................................................................51 POPULATION DECLINES .............................................................................................................................................52 CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................53 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................................................54 SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................................................................................55 LITERATURE CITED ......................................................................................................................................................55 APPENDIX I, THE BIRDS OF GUAM, STATUS AND ABUNDANCE ... 57 APPENDIX II, INDICES OF SPECIES ABUNDANCE ON GUAM ............60 vii LIST OF FIGURES Frontispiece: Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillata) and Cardinal Honey eater (Myzomela cardinalis saffordO............................................................. ii Figure 1. Map of the Mariana Islands........................................................................................................... 2 2. Locations of the 11 forest bird census stations and other localities mentioned in the text ..............................................................................................................................4 3. North, South, North-central, and Northwest Field roadside bird census routes....................................................................................................................................................... 5 4. Distribution and abundance of the Yellow Bittern on Guam, 1978-1979 .............................................................................................................................................................9 5. Male White-throated Ground Dove ...................................................................................10 6. Distribution and abundance of the White-throated Ground Dove on Guam, 1978-1979 .............................................................................................................................12 7. Mean number of White-throated Ground Doves observedduring roadside counts on the North and South Routes ..............................................13 8. Mean number of White-throated Ground Doves observedduring roadside counts on North, Northwest Field, and North-central Routes .......................................................................................................................................................................14 9. Mean number of Mariana Fruit Doves observedduring roadside counts on North, Northwest Field, and North-central Routes ....... 16 10. Distribution and abundanceof the Mariana Fruit Dove on Guam, 1978-1979 .............................................................................................................................................................17 11. Distribution and abundance of the Gray Swiftlet on Guam, 1978-1979 .............................................................................................................................................................20 12. Distribution and abundance of the Micronesian Kingfisher on Guam, 1978-1979 ......................................................................................................................................21 13. Mean number of Micronesian Kingfishersobserved during road- side counts on North, Northwest Field, and North-central Routes ..........................................................................................................................................................................22 14. Distribution and abundance of the Mariana Crow on Guam, 1978-1979 .............................................................................................................................................................24 15. Mean number of Mariana Crows
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