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1242 EARLY SOURCES EARLY SOURCES PART I: STANDARD HISTORIES HHS Hou Han shu ⻍㹣㘹:1 Annals 㙭䷫ and liezhuan ⅘ῴ by Fan Ye 剄㘅 (396-446), with commentary [TC] compiled under the auspices of Li Xian 㚏尣, Heir of Tang 䨡ㄸ⡫⪑ (651-684); Treatises ⼘ incorporated from the Xu Han shu ䷍㹣㘹 of Sima Biao ⌹棭⺫ (third century), with commentary by Liu Zhao ⇊㕮 (sixth century) [LC]: Treatise on Pitchpipes and the Calendar ⻌㪸⼘ Treatise on Ceremonial 䣯⁁⼘ Treatise on Sacrifices 䢮䢁⼘ Treatise on the Heavens ⡪㓈⼘ Treatise on the Five Powers ᷕ垍⼘ Treatise on Administrative Geography 怢♌⼘ Treatise on the Bureaucracy 䖿⫙⼘ Treatise on Carriages and Robes 庀㙎⼘; citation by chapter numbers within sections of the work: HHS 1A = HHS annals 1A HHS 11/1 = HHS liezhuan 1 [chapter 11 of the whole work] HHS 101/11 = HHS treatises 11 [chapter 101 of the whole work] pagination to Beijing 1965 punctuated edition of Zhonghua shuju ᵮ匰㘹⮁, with some references to the Palace 㩾⫛ edition of the Wuying dian 㪧刲㬀 (nineteenth century lithograph by the Wuzhou tongwen ᷕ㱳⍍㓈 Publishing House), to the Bona 䖿垳 edition of the Commercial Press ⒇√⊱㘹⫙, Shanghai 1958, and to HHS jijie 昇夤 [HHSJJ] compiled by Wang Xianqian 䋌₉婚 and students, with additional comments jiaobu 㝢堝 to each chapter, in the Wanyou wenku 卭㙊㓈ⷬ edition of the Commercial Press, Shanghai [WYWK]; individual commentators may be indicated after the Jijie reference: e.g. HHSJJ 76/66.2719 Hui Dong Indexes: GoKanjo goi shusei ⻍㹣㘹姟⺚昇ㅑ, Kyoto 1961, and Harvard-Yenching Institute Sinological Index Series No. 41, reprinted Taipei 1966, and Renming suoyin, compiled by Zhonghua shuju: see at * below HS Han shu 㹣㘹 by Ban Gu 䌮☻ (32-92) and others, with commentary by Yan Shigu 析⵬⌥ (581-645) and others; Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1962 JS Jin shu 㖊㘹 by Fang Xuanling ㆀ䋅溢 (578-648) and others; Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1974 JTS Jiu Tang shu 克⑑㘹 by Liu Xu ⇊㕬 of the ninth century, Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1975 SGZ Sanguo zhi ᵊ♌⼘ by Chen Shou 斴⠾ (233-297), with official commentary [PC] compiled by Pei Songzhi 堵㚿ᶌ (372-451) and presented to Liu Yu ⇊堖, founding Emperor Wu 㪧 of the Song ⫌ dynasty, in 429;2 citation by chapter numbers within sections of the work: SGZ 1 = Wei shu 檐㘹 1 SGZ Shu 1 = Shu shu 噁㘹 1 SGZ Wu 1 = Wu shu ⍴㘹 1 1 On the historiography of HHS see Bn 54, Hulsewé 61 and, on the Treatises, MBeck 90. 2 On the historiography of SGZ see deC 70 and deC 90.533-589. EARLY SOURCES 1243 pagination to Beijing 1959 punctuated edition of Zhonghua shuju, with some references to SGZ jiejie 昇夤 [SGZJJ] compiled by Lu Bi 䘨⹽, Mianyang 1936, in the facsimile edition by Yiwen 唞㓈 Publishers, Taipei; Indexes: Harvard-Yenching Institute Sinological Index Series No. 33, reprinted Taipei 1966, and Renming suoyin, compiled by Zhonghua shuju: see at * below SJ Shi ji ⌳奙 by Sima Qian ⌹棭徸 (146-c.86 BC), with commentaries: Jijie 昇夤 by Pei Yin 堵椱 (fifth century); Suoyin 䱣旡 by Sima Zhen ⌹棭察 (eighth century); Zhengyi 㪤仪 by Zhang Shoujie ⹶⫉夤 (eighth century); Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1959 SS Song shu ⫌㘹 by Shen Yue 㯉䱅 (441-513), Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1974 XTS Xin Tang shu 㓱⑑㘹 by Ouyang Xiu 㪑斾Ἧ, Song Qi ⫌䢂 and others of the eleventh century, Zhonghua shuju, Beijing 1975 All other standard histories, Nan Qi shu ⊘溋㘹, Liang shu 㟂㘹, Chen shu 斴㘹, Wei shu 檐㘹, Bei Qi shu ≘溋㘹, Zhou shu ⎩㘹, Sui shu 旌㘹, Nan shi ⊘⌳, Bei shi ≘⌳ and Song shi ⫌⌳ are likewise cited from Zhonghua shuju. Ershisi shi renming suoyin ᷍⊂☜⌳᷻⍎䱣⹖, Beijing 1997, is a comprehensive index of personal names in all editions of the histories published by Zhonghua shuju. PART II: OTHER PRIMARY TEXTS: BOOKS3 Anon. see QJHHS Baopu zi ㇲ㙵⪑ by Ge Hong 厜㱫 (fourth century), cited by Hui Dong in HHSJJ biezhuan Ⅶῴ see Secondary Biography sub voce Bowu zhi ⊛䆪⼘ ascribed to Zhang Hua ⹶匰 (232-300), cited by Hui Dong in HHSJJ Chuguo xianxian zhuan 㢛♌₉尣ῴ by Zhang Fang ⹶㓺 of Jin, cited by Hui Dong in HHSJJ DGHJ Dongguan Han ji 㚲夁㹣奙 by various authors of the first and second centuries AD,4 in Sibu beiyao ☜怩Ὶ壂 [SBBY] 3 When a fragment of a work is cited by a commentary to Hou Han shu or to Sanguo zhi, the reference is given to that commentator rather than to a modern collection or edition. 4 In 72 Ban Gu was appointed to chair the committee of historians commissioned by Emperor Ming to compile the annals of the reign of Emperor Guangwu ᵗ䢗㙭䱁. Ban Gu and his colleague Yin Min evidently represented the interest of the Dou family, their fellow committee- members Meng Ji and Ma Yan were chosen to represent the rival faction of the Empress Ma, and two other scholars were neutral. Their work, initially known as the "Diary of the Jianwu Period" ⸻㪧㰩奙, became the first part of Dongguan Hanji. In 120 Liu Taotu and his cousin Liu Yi were commissioned to work with Liu Zhen and Li You on the official history of Later Han, later known as Dongguan Hanji 㚲夁㹣奙. The history had been started by Ban Gu and others under orders from Emperor Ming, with the initial title "Diary of the Jianwu Period" ⸻㪧㰩奙. This second instalment contained annals for the period 58 to 106, being the reigns of Emperors Ming, Zhang, He and the infant Shang, together with tables and biographies of leading men, imperial relatives by marriage and noted scholars, and the whole compilation was now entitled Han ji 㹣奙"Record of Han." Early in the reign of Emperor Huan, about 151, the government controlled by the Empress Liang Nüying and her brother Liang Ji ordered a third instalment of the "Records of Han" 㹣奙 Han ji, official history of the Later Han dynasty, known later as Dongguan Hanji 㚲夁㹣奙. The chief scholars involved at this time were Fu Wuji, Huang Jing, Cui Shi, Bian Shao and Yan Du, and the compilation included annals, tables of kings and marquises, accounts of the Xiongnu and the Qiang. Fu Wuji and Huang Jing also compiled a Treatise of Geography ♱䍇⼘, which was evidently edited by Sima Biao to compose the Treatise of Administrative Geography 怢♌⼘ for his Xu Han shu. Through the 150s and early 160s the committee continued work on this third instalment of the official "Record of Han" 㹣䱁, adding a Table of the Bureaucracy and biographies of empresses and other individuals, including the eunuchs Cai Lun and Sun Cheng. Scholars identified as taking part in the project at one time or another include Cui Shi, Yan Du, Deng Si, Bian Shao, Cao Shou and Zhu Mu. Probably in 177 a further continuation was ordered by Emperor Ling. The senior scholar was Ma Midi, and other members of the committee were Cai Yong, Han Yue, Lu Zhi and Yang Biao. Their work included annals for emperors An and Shun, for the infants Chong and Zhi and for Emperor Huan, with biographies updated to the end of the reign of Emperor Huan in 168. It was at this time that the history acquired the name of Dongguan Hanji 㚲夁㹣奙, from the Eastern Pavilion of the Southern Palace, where the library and workrooms were located. In addition to the co-operative compilation, Cai Yong also composed ten Treatises from the official archives and from material passed to him by his former teacher Hu Guang. [These treatises were known as yi ぐ instead of zhi ⼘ to avoid taboo on the personal name of Emperor Huan.] .
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