TRACY CHARLES BROWN

Professional Archaeologist

QUALIFICATIONS

Administration

Managed a rapidly growing corporate environmental research group with projects involving numerous United States military installations nationwide. Responsible for all aspects of group operations from routine administrative activities to strategic planning. Participated actively in business development efforts. Coordinated the planning, costing, and scheduling of new projects. Conducted staffing efforts to simultaneously satisfy short-term project needs and build the capabilities of the group to meet long-term objectives. Guided the start-up of new projects and assured successful completion of ongoing projects. Developed and maintained strong relationships with customers. Secured the group's most ambitious project. Increased staff by 100 percent. Received a letter of commendation and a substantial pay increase for outstanding administrative effort.

Oversaw and coordinated implementation of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) Section 106 review process for nuclear power plant projects nationwide (2005-2009). Determined the applicability of NHPA, 36 CFR 800, and other federal/state cultural resource management (CRM) requirements to each project. Identified competent firms to perform Phase I intensive surveys of the designated areas of potential effect. Developed written statements of work and solicited competitive bids from firms. Selected and hired firms on the basis of proposal quality, cost proposals, and potential for excellent performance. Maintained responsibility for all activities of the hired firms from project kickoff to final project clearance by the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). Performed reviews of submitted archaeological reports and assisted firms with responding to SHPO review comments.

Archaeological Research and Investigation

Conducting a long-term research project on portable petroglyph stones (limestone slabs) from Mississippian period sites in the Middle Cumberland region of . These slabs exhibit various iconographic elements and motifs that were engraved into their surfaces between 1000 and 1450 A.D. Many of these slabs have disappeared over the past 90 years. In addition to searching for the missing slabs, the overall study examines the historical circumstances of their discovery, the locations where they were found, the persons involved in their discovery, and the original archaeological contexts of the slabs. It also involves a detailed description of each slab, an in-depth study of the observed iconography, and an assessment of interregional Mississippian iconographic affinities. Research efforts have received coverage in metropolitan and local newspapers, in archaeological society newsletters, and on Internet archaeology sites.

Performing multiyear archaeological surveys to identify and record prehistoric and historic archaeological sites in Anderson County and Sumner County, Tennessee. Work in Anderson County is focused on a stream valley in the Cumberland Mountains. This survey is an attempt to relocate archaeological sites mentioned in the William E. Myer papers (National Anthropological Archives, Suitland, Maryland), and it is also focused on the identification of new archaeological sites. The survey work in Sumner County is focused on the Portland-Bethpage-Castalian Springs area. Relocated archaeological sites and newly identified sites are recorded in detail on electronic Archaeological Site Survey Record forms, which are submitted to the Tennessee Division of Archaeology for archiving in the Tennessee Register of Archaeological Sites.

Developed strong research and investigation skills on archaeological and environmental protection projects. Served as Graduate Research Assistant in the Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Performed an intensive review, analysis, and interpretation of field and laboratory records on the Parks Site (40CF5B), which was the largest and most complex prehistoric site excavated during the Normandy Archaeological Project, Coffee County, Tennessee. Prepared a massive final report on archaeological investigations at 40CF5B. Led and participated in numerous environmental investigation and protection projects for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) installations.

Human Osteology and Prehistoric Mortuary Practices

Conducted osteological analyses of prehistoric human skeletal remains from the Jernigan II Site (40CF37) in the Normandy Reservoir. The results of these analyses were published in the final site report on 40CF37. Analyzed human skeletal remains from Fort Loudoun (40MR1) and 40SU24. Performed a detailed diachronic study of prehistoric human mortuary practices (Late Archaic-Mississippian) in the upper Duck River Valley of Middle Tennessee. The results were reported in an M.A. thesis entitled Prehistoric Mortuary Patterning and Change in the Normandy Reservoir, Coffee County, Tennessee.

Cultural Resource Management

Worked in depth with the challenging and complex archaeological/architectural resource management efforts at the 3,777-acre Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) in Piketon, Ohio. This included providing technical advice, integrating the past and real-time results of cultural resource surveys and inventories into ongoing Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study reports, and updating detailed archaeological survey summaries to support consultations with Native American tribal representatives and other interested parties. Learned how to effectively and responsibly manage cultural resources through the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 and its applicable, relevant, and appropriate requirements (ARARs) rather than through the typical NHPA Section 106 review process.

Assisted with NHPA and 36 CFR 800 compliance activities for a Manhattan Project facility on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This included reviewing the Phase I survey report and related correspondence to assist with answering specific compliance-related questions.

For Duke Energy Carolinas LLC and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), prepared in-depth Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) support documentation on cultural resources for inclusion in the Environmental Report (ER) portion of the combined license application (COLA) for the William States Lee III Nuclear Station in County, South Carolina. Researched and described the existing cultural resources environment, assessed potential plant construction and operations impacts on cultural resources, and wrote the related environmental impact assessment sections in the ER. Provided CRM support to regional electrical utility companies under the NRC license renewal process for operating nuclear power plants.

Prepared Section 106 consultation letters and map attachments for federal agency officials, SHPOs, and Tribal Historic Preservation Officers (THPO). Continued the consultation process with the SHPO, THPO, and other interested parties. Conducted background archival research using libraries, map

2 collections, state records on historic sites, and state archaeological survey files. Led and participated in pedestrian reconnaissance surveys and Phase I intensive surveys to identify and record archaeological sites. Performed Phase II testing of archaeological sites and recommended potentially eligible sites for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Participated in Phase III data recovery excavations at prehistoric and historic archaeological sites.

Prepared National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 documentation for proposed federal actions at DOE and DOD installations nationwide. Under the EIS for the Spallation Neutron Source, assessed the potential impacts of the proposed action and alternatives on cultural resources in Tennessee, New Mexico, Illinois, and New York. Contributed a comprehensive CRM summary to a large environmental information document designed to support preparation of the site-wide EIS for the DOE Pantex Plant in Amarillo, Texas. This summary resulted in a Battelle Key Contributor Award for Customer Satisfaction. Assessed potential impacts of the proposed Hazardous Waste Treatment and Processing Facility on cultural resources at the Pantex Plant. As part of the Environmental Assessment (EA) process, assessed the potential impacts of proposed Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 corrective actions and white space response actions on archaeological and architectural resources at PORTS. In another EA, determined the potential impacts of the proposed action and alternatives on cultural resources at Andrews Air Force Base, Camp Springs, Maryland. Reviewed CRM sections in the EA for a proposed federal action on the ORR.

Museums and Curation of Collections

Under a contract with the , served as Assistant Curator of Collections for the Owl Hollow Archaeological Project at the Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Worked in the archaeology laboratory at the Frank H. McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture. Served as a volunteer at The Trousdale Place, a large house museum that was once the early 19th century home of Governor William Trousdale in Gallatin, Tennessee.

Acquired extensive experience with museum operations at The Parthenon, which is the metropolitan museum of art in Nashville, Tennessee. Curated a large collection of out-of-context prehistoric artifacts from the southeastern United States, Mesoamerica, and Peru. Assisted with the setup of contemporary art exhibitions in four major galleries. Participated in the care and periodic exhibition of the James M. Cowan Collection, a large and permanently housed group of original paintings by famous 18th and 19th century American artists such as Benjamin West, Winslow Homer, Thomas Moran, and Frederick Church. Conducted museum tours and fielded numerous archaeological, historical, and architectural questions about the museum collections and the building—the world's only full-sized replica of The Parthenon as it existed in Athens, Greece, from 432 B.C. to 1687 A.D. Assisted with all gift shop operations, including customer service, taking inventories, and keeping sales records. Performed frequent security walkdowns of the museum.

Technical Communications

Authored and coauthored more than 115 scientific reports, journal articles, and manuals. Wrote public relations articles for publication in a daily newspaper and a corporate newsletter. Prepared and revised organizational capabilities guides and brochures. Participated in writing proposals. Consistently recognized by employers and colleagues as the best writer on staff. This resulted in a dual role as Technical Editor for seven environmental firms. Received customer commendations for delivering the best-written research documents.

3 Reviews of Archaeological Manuscripts

Conducted reviews of draft archaeological manuscripts. Recent author-acknowledged reviews include the following:

Ball, Donald B. and John C. Waggoner, Jr. 2012 “Megaliths in the Upland South: Imposing Stones of Uncertain Function.” Journal of Archaeology, Volume 56, No.1, Alabama Archaeological Society.

Steponaitis, Vincas P., Vernon J. Knight, Jr., George E. Lankford, Robert V. Sharp, and David H. Dye 2011 "Iconography of the Thruston Tablet." In Visualizing the Sacred: Cosmic Visions, Regionalism, and the Art of the Mississippian World, edited by George E. Lankford, F. Kent Reilly III, and James F. Garber, pp. 137-176. University of Texas Press, Austin.

Public Education and Outreach

Developed and administered the Archaeology in Tennessee blog, a publicly accessible Internet blogspot devoted to original posts on Tennessee archaeology, history, and related topics. Performed as an on-the- air member of the broadcast team for a weekly WUOT (91.9 FM) radio course in cultural anthropology at the University of Tennessee. Functioned as Geology Teaching Assistant in the Department of Geology at Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, Tennessee. Taught General Educational Development Test courses for federal job training programs. Counseled and instructed adolescents in a summer jobs program sponsored by the Human Resource Agency.

Archaeological and Historical Interests

Major areas of interest include interdisciplinary research, North American prehistory, human cultural ecology, material deposition and site formation, settlement/community patterning, Mississippian iconography, prehistoric sociopolitical organization, ancient mortuary practices, human osteology, forensic medicine, paleopathology, and restoration of historic buildings.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELDWORK AND LABORATORY WORK

Cultural Resource Surveys

Position: Project Director Project Name: Cumberland Mountains Survey Project Location: Anderson County, Tennessee Project Type: Stream Basin Survey Site Designation: None Site Description: Not Applicable Sponsor: Oak Ridge Archaeological Research Institute Consultant: Private Cultural Resources Consultant Principal Investigator: Tracy C. Brown Date: 2012-Present

Position: Project Director Project Name: Survey of the Cannon Ridge Farms & Stables and Deshler Farm

4 Project Location: Castalian Springs, Tennessee Project Type: Focused Site-Specific Survey Site Designation: 40SU224 Site Description: Mississippian Period and 19th–20th Century Buildings Sponsor: Ron Dunn and Charles Deshler Consultant: Private Cultural Resources Consultant Principal Investigator: Tracy C. Brown Date: 2004-2005

Position: Project Director Project Name: Survey of Proposed Industrial Site Project Location: Tennessee Industrial Park, Greene County, Tennessee Project Type: Phase I Intensive Survey Site Designation: None Site Description: Not Applicable Sponsor: Barge, Waggoner, Sumner, and Cannon Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville (Cultural Resources Committee) Principal Investigator: Tracy C. Brown Date: 1979

Position: Project Assistant Project Name: Survey of a Proposed Housing Development Site Project Location: Newport, Tennessee Project Type: Phase I Reconnaissance Survey Site Designation: None Site Description: Not Applicable Sponsor: Holston Valley Investment Company Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville (Cultural Resources Committee) Principal Investigator: Dr. Patricia A. Cridlebaugh Date: 1979

Archaeological Testing and Site Excavations

Position: Field Technician (Volunteer) Project Name: Archaeological Excavations at the Nicholas Gibbs House Project Location: Knox County, Tennessee Project Type: Site Excavation Site Designation: 40KN124 Site Description: Historic Period (Late 18th Century Log Home Site) Sponsor: Nicholas Gibbs Historical Association Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Charles H. Faulkner Date: 1988

Position: Assistant Field Director Project Name: State Route 705 Right-of-Way Project Location: Hamblen County, Tennessee Project Type: Phase II Testing Site Designation: Marshall Site (40HB9) Site Description: Late-Terminal Archaic and Mississippian Periods

5 Sponsor: Tennessee Department of Transportation Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Charles H. Faulkner Date: 1982

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Weaver Pottery Site Project Location: Knoxville, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: 40KN63 Site Description: Historic Period (Late 19th Century Ceramics Manufacturing Shop) Sponsor: Tennessee Department of Transportation Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Charles H. Faulkner Date: 1980

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project Project Location: Vonore, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: Site (40MR23) Site Description: Middle Woodland Period Sponsor: National Park Service/Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Jefferson Chapman Date: 1977

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project Project Location: Vonore, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: Bacon Bend Site (40MR25) Site Description: Late Archaic Period Sponsor: National Park Service/Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Jefferson Chapman Date: 1977

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project Project Location: Vonore, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: 40LD75 Site Description: Early Woodland Period Sponsor: National Park Service/Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Jefferson Chapman Date: 1977

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project

6 Project Location: Vonore, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: Bacon Farm Site (40LD35) Site Description: Early Archaic Period (Deep Stratified Kirk Component) Sponsor: National Park Service/Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Jefferson Chapman Date: 1977

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Jersey Miniere Zinc Company (Transmission Line Corridor) Project Location: Clarksville, Tennessee Project Type: Phase II Testing Site Designation: Unavailable Site Description: Late Archaic Period Sponsor: Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: Mr. Danny Olinger Principal Investigator: Mr. Danny Olinger Date: 1977

Position: Field Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project Project Location: Vonore, Tennessee Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: (40MR5) Site Description: Historic Period (18th Century Town) Sponsor: Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Alfred K. Guthe/Dr. Gerald F. Schroedl Date: 1976

Archaeological Laboratory Operations

Position: Assistant Field Director (Laboratory Phase) Project Name: State Route 705 Right-of-Way Project Location: Hamblen County, Tennessee Project Type: Phase II Testing Site Designation: Marshall Site (40HB9) Site Description: Late-Terminal Archaic and Mississippian Periods Sponsor: Tennessee Department of Transportation Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Charles H. Faulkner Date: 1982

Position: Laboratory Supervisor Project Name: Averbuch Archaeological Project Laboratory Location: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Designation: Averbuch Site (40DV60) Site Description: Large Mississippian Period Settlement

7 Sponsor: National Park Service Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. William M. Bass/Dr. Walter E. Klippel Date: 1978-1979

Position: Laboratory Technician Project Name: Columbia Archaeological Project Laboratory Location: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Description: Various Sites (Paleo-Indian to Historic Period) Sponsor: Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. D. Bruce Dickson/Dr. Walter E. Klippel Date: 1974-1975 and 1979-1981

Position: Laboratory Technician Project Name: Tellico Archaeological Project Laboratory Location: Frank H. McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Description: Various Sites (Paleo-Indian to Historic Period) Sponsor: Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Alfred K. Guthe/Dr. Jefferson Chapman/Dr. Gerald F. Schroedl Date: 1976-1978

Position: Laboratory Technician Project Name: Normandy Archaeological Project Laboratory Location: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Project Type: Phase III Data Recovery Site Description: Various Sites (Paleo-Indian to Mississippian Period) Sponsor: Tennessee Valley Authority Consultant: University of Tennessee, Knoxville Principal Investigator: Dr. Charles H. Faulkner/Dr. Major C. R. McCollough Date: 1975-1977

EMPLOYMENT HISTORY

VETCO, LLC/Restoration Services, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 2010-2014 Enercon Services, Inc., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 2005-2009 Shaw Environmental, Inc., Knoxville, Tennessee, 2000-2005 Enterprise Advisory Services, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1997-1999 Battelle Memorial Institute, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1991-1996 Science and Technology, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1986-1991 East Tennessee Human Resource Agency, Knoxville, Tennessee, 1986 Anderson County Job Training Office, Clinton, Tennessee, 1985-1986 Economic System Analysis, Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1984-1985 Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1982-1984 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 1974-1982

8 EDUCATION

M.A. Degree, Anthropology/Archaeology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee B.A. Degree (summa cum laude), Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee Minor (32 hours), Geology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee

TRAINING

Roane State Community College, 40-Hour OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations Training

SECURITY CLEARANCE

DOE Q Clearance (inactive)

HONORS AND AWARDS

Enercon Comanche Peak COLA Award Enercon Bellefonte COLA Award Battelle Key Contributor Award Battelle Recognition Award Graduate Research Assistant Dean's Student Academic Council Roddy Memorial Scholarships Dean’s List (all quarters)

PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES

Congenial. Versatile. Works well alone or on a team. Highly detailed. Comprehensive. Follows through on assignments. Willing to work late and go the extra mile to get the job done. Described by former employers as “extremely reliable” and “the best employee I have.”

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