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Migration Radar Summary T2 Januarydevelopment - Andapril Expectation 2020 of Asylum-Related Migration May - August 2020

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Migration Radar Summary T2 Januarydevelopment - Andapril Expectation 2020 of Asylum-Related Migration May - August 2020 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 Migration Radar Summary T2 JanuaryDevelopment - andApril expectation 2020 of asylum-related migration May - August 2020 1 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 Publisher's information Title Migration Radar Summary. Development and expectation of asylum- related migration May - August 2020. Contents The Migration Radar Summary is an analysis product, centring on the monitoring of asylum-related migration to the Netherlands. The data from the relevant triannual period have been supplemented by data from previous months and from the same period a year ago. In addition, information is provided on developments in countries of origin in the relevant triannual period and policy developments in the Netherlands and Europe. The Migration Radar provides the organisations cooperating in migration with an analysis to support policy and implementation. Reporting period The Migration Radar Summary is based on data from various databases (IND, IOM, UNHCR), media reports, public Frontex data, and public country information from IND/TOELT. The Migration Radar Summary is published once per triannual period. Cooperation The Migration Radar is an analysis product of the Immigration and Naturalisation Service (IND), (Strategy and Implementation Advice (SUA)/Research and Analysis (O&A) and the IND service centre DV/Country and Language Research and Expertise Team (TOELT)), and has been written through cooperation with the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (KMar), the Ministry of Justice and Security (J&V/Directorate General for Migration (DGM)), the Repatriation and Departure Service (DT&V), Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers (COA), Police and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (BZ). IND Strategy and Implementation Advice (SUA) Research & Analysis (O&A) Ministry of Justice and Security Immigration and Naturalisation Service (IND) Rijnstraat 8 | 2515 XP | The Hague Postbus 16275 | 2500 BG | The Hague 2 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 Contents 1 ASYLUM APPLICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................4 1.1 FIRST APPLICATIONS IN THE NETHERLANDS ...................................................................................................... 4 1.1.1 Asylum applications by persons coming from “safe countries of origin” .......................................... 5 1.1.2 Asylum applications by persons coming from visa-free countries .................................................... 6 1.1.3 Asylum applications by unaccompanied minors (UAMs) .................................................................. 7 2 SELECTED NATIONALITIES ........................................................................................................................7 2.1 SYRIA ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 Figures............................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 Developments ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 TUNISIA .................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 Figures............................................................................................................................................. 10 2.2.2 Developments ................................................................................................................................. 10 2.3 TURKEY .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.3.1 Figures............................................................................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 Developments ................................................................................................................................. 11 3 OVERVIEW OF ROUTES AND DEVELOPMENTS ....................................................................................... 14 3.1 ROUTES .................................................................................................................................................. 14 3.2 IMPORTANT SOCIO-POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE REGIONS ......................................................................... 14 3.1.1 Middle East ..................................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.2 Africa ............................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1.3 Asia – Afghanistan .......................................................................................................................... 19 4 POLICY AND OTHER DEVELOPMENTS .................................................................................................... 21 4.1 EUROPEAN AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY AND OTHER DEVELOPMENTS ................................................................. 21 4.1.1 Emergency measures relating to Covid-19 .......................................................................................... 21 4.1.2 General policy developments .............................................................................................................. 22 4.2 POLICY AND OTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS ............................................................................... 24 4.2.1 Emergency measures relating to Covid-19 .......................................................................................... 24 4.2.2 General policy developments .............................................................................................................. 24 3 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 1 Asylum applications 1.1 First asylum applications in the Netherlands In the second triannual period of 2020, 3,612 first asylum applications were submitted in the Netherlands. The number of applications has decreased in comparison with both the preceding triannual period (-1,133, - 24%) and last year in the same period (-3,554, -50%). Figure 1.1 shows that the influx sharply decreased from March 2020 and increased again from June. It is clear that the number of first asylum applications in T2 still remained below the pre-corona level. Figure ‎1.1 Course of the number of first asylum applications in the Netherlands 2.500 2.000 1.500 1.000 500 0 jul-19 jul-20 jan-20 jun-19 jun-20 okt-19 feb-20 apr-20 sep-19 dec-19 aug-19 aug-20 mrt-20 nov-19 mei-20 mei-19 Most asylum applications in triannual period 2 were submitted by Syrians (1,120). This is comparable to the preceding triannual period (-43, -4%) and last year in the same period (-3, 0%). Unlike other nationalities, the number of asylum applications by Turks in the second triannual period (358) rose compared to the preceding triannual period (+99, +38%). There was however a decrease in comparison with last year in the same period (-89, -20%). 4 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 Figure ‎1.2 Top 20 nationalities who made asylum applications in the Netherlands in T2 Figure ‎1.3 Development of the number of first asylum applications by the top 5 nationalities 2.000 1.800 1.600 1.400 1.200 T2 2019 1.000 T3 2019 800 T1 2020 600 T2 2020 400 200 0 Syria Turkey Algeria Morocco Nigeria 1.1.1 Asylum applications by persons coming from “safe countries of origin” In the second triannual period of 2020, two out of the five largest groups of asylum seekers came from countries placed on the list of safe countries (hereinafter safe-country nationals), namely Algerians and Moroccans. In total, 17% of the first applications by asylum seekers came from safe-country nationals. This is comparable to previous triannual periods. The relative share of safe-country nationals remained the same in T2, but the absolute number of first asylum applications by safe-country nationals (627) decreased sharply in comparison with the 5 Migration Radar Summary May-August 2020 preceding triannual period (-310, -33%) and in comparison with last year in the same period (- 725, -54%). This has to do with a fall in the number of first asylum applications by (almost) all safe-country nationals. Figure ‎1.4 Development of the number of first asylum applications from the top 5 nationalities from safe countries of origin 600 500 400 T2 2019 300 T3 2019 T1 2020 200 T2 2020 100 0 Algeria Morocco Georgia Tunisia Serbia 1.1.2 Asylum applications by persons coming from visa-free countries In the second triannual period, no visa-free country was among the top ten nationalities of asylum seekers. The number of first asylum applications by citizens from visa-free countries (158) sharply decreased, compared to both the preceding triannual period (-283, -64%) and last year in the same period (-652, -80%). About a third of the applications from visa-free countries were submitted by Georgians. The number of applications by Georgians in the second triannual period (60) is comparable to the preceding triannual period, but did decrease in comparison with a year ago in the same period (- 90, -60%). Only the number of applications by Brazilians (11) shows an increase compared to previous
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