Gross Anatomical Studies on the Celiac Artery in Cattle Egret (Bubulcus Ibis) with Special Reference to the Arterial Supply of the Stomach E

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa Gross Anatomical Studies on the Celiac Artery in Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) with Special Reference to the Arterial Supply of the Stomach E. F. Khalifa Anatomy Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, EGYPT

With 3 figures, 1 table received May, accepted for publication July 2013

cales, Rr. succi, A. gastroduodenal- Abstract is, A. gastrica dextra then continued The present study was carried out as A. pancreaticoduodenalis. on ten adult, apparently healthy cat- Keywords: Ventriculus- Proven- tle egrets of different ages and sex- triculus- Celiac artery- Cattle egret. es. Each bird was exsanguinated and the descending aorta was can- Introduction nulated and flushed with warm normal saline solution (0.9%), then in- Cattle egret belongs to Family Ar- jected with red colored gum milk deidae, feeds on a wide range of latex. The origin, course and distri- prey, particularly insects and moths bution of the celiac artery were de- as well as spiders, frogs, earth- scribed. The celiac artery erupted worms and fishes and is locally dis- from the right face of the descend- tributed in Nile Delta and Valley. ing aorta opposite to the 4th or 5th The importance of cattle egret to the vertebral rib, on a level with the farmer has initiated an increasing junction of the esophagus and the interest to establish more accurate proventriculus. It gave off the Aa. and specific anatomical facts about esophageales, A. proventricularis the arterial blood supply of the gas- dorsalis, Aa. lienales, and A. hepati- trointestinal tract of cattle egret. ca, then bifurcated into left and right The present study is therefore an branches. The left branch of the ce- attempt to provide some additional liac artery gave off A. proventricu- information on the celiac artery of laris ventralis and A.gastrica ventra- cattle egret; which had received but lis then continued as the A.gastrica little attention in field of veterinary sinistra. The right branch of the celi- anatomy. ac artery released the Aa. Ileoce-

J. Vet. Anat. 1 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa Material and Methods from the right side of the descend- dal to the emergence of the esoph- Ramus sinister arteriae celiacae: ing aorta opposite to the 4th or 5th ageal artery. It gave off 1-2 esopha- The left branch of celiac artery (Figs The current study was conducted on vertebral rib, on a level with the geal branches (Figs 1, 2, 3/6) that 1, 2, 3/ 10) is one of the two diver- ten adult, apparently healthy cattle junction of the esophagus and the proceeded cranially to the esopha- gences of the celiac artery just after egrets of both sexes which obtained proventriculus. The celiac artery ex- gus, and then extended caudally the detachment of the splenic arter- from the farmer farms. Before extended ventrally for about 2-3 cm, along the dorsal aspect of the pro- ies. It passed to the left side be- sanguinations, egrets were anaes- then gave off the esophageal arter- ventriculus to be terminated in the tween the proventriculus and isth- thetized by IM injection of 0.5 cc of ies, dorsal proventricular artery and isthmus of the stomach. During its mus to provide the A. proventricu- 2% xylazine HCL (3 mg/kg), fol- continued caudoventrally to give course on the proventriculus, it de- laris ventralis and A.gastrica ventra- lowed by the injection of heparin about 4-5 splenic arteries and he- tached 2-3 esophageal branches lis, and then continued as the (Cal Heparin, 5000 I.U.) in the wing patic artery. Finally it terminated be- (Figs 1, 2/5a) which ramified in the A.gastrica sinistra. During its course vein to prevent blood clotting. yond the caudal end of the spleen junction of the esophagus with pro- it detached 3-4 small branches to Each bird was then exsanguinated by 1-2 cm into left and right branch- ventriculus and 2 – 3 collateral the isthmus and the cranio-dorsal through the common carotid arteries es of the celiac. It supplied the branches (Figs 1, 2/5b) to the dorsal sac of the ventriculus. and left to bleed for five minutes, the esophagus, proventriculus, ventricu- wall of the proventriculus and Isth- breast muscle and sternum were lus, spleen, liver, duodenum, pan- mus gastris. A. Proventrcularis ventralis: carefully removed to expose the creas, parts of ileum and the cecum. The ventral proventricular artery heart. The descending aorta was Aa. Splenicae (Aa. Lienales): (Fig 3/11) detached from the left cannulated and flushed with normal Aa. Esophageales: The splenic arteries (Fig 1/7) were branch of the celiac artery at the saline. The birds were injected with The esophageal arteries (Figs 1, 2, represented by 5-6 branches, distal third of the proventriculus. It 60% gum milk latex colored red with 3/4) were represented by two arter- sprang from the celiac artery about took a short dorsal course to supply Rotring® ink. (Tompsett and Wake- ies; the first was derived from the 1mm from the origin of the dorsal the wall of the proventriculus with 1- lly, 1965). celiac artery after 3-5 mm from its proventricular artery. The three cra- 2 branches and then terminated into The birds were left in a mixture of origin, the other branch derived from nial branches passed to the cranial 2-3 fine twigs that supplied the ter- 10% formalin, 2% phenol and 1% the celiac artery after 6-8 mm from pole of the spleen, while the caudal minal part of the ventral aspect of glycerin for three days before the its origin just above the origin of the 2-3 branches were distributed in the the thoracic esophagus (Fig 3/11 a). routine dissection. The obtained re- dorsal proventricular artery. The caudal pole of the spleen. sults were photographed using esophageal arteries proceeded cra- A. gastrica ventralis: A. hepatica: Sony® digital camera 12.1 mp, 4x. nially on the dorsal aspect of the The ventral gastric artery (Figs 2 The hepatic artery (Figs 1, 2/ 8) The nomenclature used was that thoracic esophagus, giving off fine and 3/12) emanated from the ven- originated from the celiac artery at recommended by the Nomina Ana- twigs (Figs 1, 3/4a) to that portion tral aspect of the left branch of the the level of the caudal pole of the tomica Avium (Baumel et. al., 1993). and finally anastomosed with the celiac artery at the level of the isth- spleen; entered the porta hepatis esophageal branch of the esoph- mus. It gave off collateral branches then divided into right and left he- Results agotracheobronchial artery. to the ventral aspect of the proven- patic arteries to supply the two triculus and isthmus. It proceeded A. Celiaca: A. Proventricularis dorsalis: lobes of the liver and gall bladder. It caudally along the ventral margin of The dorsal proventricular artery also supplied the duodenojejunal The celiac artery (Figs 1, 2/2) is the the ventriculus giving off collateral (Figs 1, 2, 3/5) arose from the left flexure. first visceral branch of the descend- rami to that portion. Here, it anas- ing aorta (Figs 1, 2/1). It originated aspect of celiac artery, 0.5 cm cau-

J. Vet. Anat. 2 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

J. Vet. Anat. 3 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa tomosed with those branches of Aa. ileocecales: the proximal third of the pancreati- denal loop. Along its course, it gave right gastric arteries in the vicinity of coduodenal artery. It proceeded off (Figs 1, 2/23) and The ileocecal arteries (Figs 1, 2/ 16) Rr. pancreatici the caudal sulcus of the ventriculus. dorsally for a short distance, then (Figs 1, 2/24). These were 1-2 branches, detached from Rr. duodenales divided into two branches, one of rami were detached at different levels A. gastrica sinistra: the right branch of the celiac artery them (Fig 2/20 a) supplied the initial and ramified in the corresponding or- after its origin by 1 mm, These The left gastric artery (Fig 3/13) was portion of the jejunum and ended by gans. It also gave of the second jeju- branches entered the short ileocecal the direct continuation of the left anastomosis with the similar branch nal artery (Fig 1, 2/20). ligament and distributed in the cau- branch of the celiac artery beyond of the cranial mesenteric artery dal third of the ileum and the body the detachment of the ventral pro- (Figs 1, 2/3) on this level. Another of the left cecum by short cecal ventricular and ventral gastric arter- branch (Fig 2/20 b) supplied the branches (Fig 2/ 16 a). Discussion ies. It passed in the groove between terminal part of the jejunum. the Pars pylorica (third stomach) Rr. succi: The present study revealed that, the and Ventriculus. The left gastric ar- A. gastrica dexter: celiac artery in cattle egret is the The branches of the Pars pylorica tery had a fan-like distribution as it The right gastric artery (Figs 1, first visceral branch of the descend- (third stomach) (Figs 1, 2/17) were terminated into 6-8 rami in the left 2/21) was represented by a vessel ing aorta, supplied the proventricu- represented by 1-2 branches which ventral aspect of the Ventriculus to of about 2-3 cm long that originated lus, ventriculus, liver, spleen, pan- were released from the right branch supply the craniodorsal tenuis, cau- from the right branch of the celiac creas, duodenum, parts of ileum of the celiac artery just above the doventral tenuis muscles. Along its artery at the level of the ascending and the left ceca. This was in origin of gastroduodenal artery. course it gave of 2-3 collateral part of duodenum. It proceeded for agreement with (Kuru, 2010; Kurtul branches (Fig 3/14) to supply the A. gastroduodenalis: about 2-3 mm on the right dorsal and Haziroglu, 2002; Aslan and Takci, 1998; Silva et al., 1997; distal third of the Proventriculus and The gastroduodenal artery (Figs 1, aspect of the ventriculus and had a Fowler, 1991; King and Mc Lelland, a single branch to the Pars pylorica 2/18) was a short vessel, originated fan-like distribution as it is arborized 1984; Lauper et al., 1975) in domes- (Fig 3/15). from the left wall of the right branch into 8-10 rami to supply the craniodorsal tenuis, caudoventral tenuis tic fowl. Ramus dexter arteriae celicae: of the celiac artery. It was ramified in the pyloric region and the initial muscles and centrum tendineum. The celiac artery was detached from The right branch of the celiac artery portion of the duodenum descen- The last 2-3 branches anastomosed the right face of the descending aorta (Figs 1, 2/9) was the larger of the th th dens. with the corresponding branch of opposite to the 4 or 5 vertebral rib, two terminal branches of the celiac the left gastric artery. on a level with the junction of the artery. From its size and direction it Aa. jejunales: A. pancreaticodudenalis: esophagus and the proventriculus. is considered as the direct continua- The jejunal arteries were represent- While, Haligur and Duzler (2010) re- tion of the parent vessel. It pro- ed by two arteries, the former (Figs The pancreaticoduodenal artery (Figs ported that, the celiac artery arose at ceeded in a caudoventral direction 1, 2/19) originated from the right 1, 2/22) was considered as the direct the level of the 2-3 ribs. On the other reaching the right aspect of the py- branch of the celiac artery at the continuation of the right branch of the hand, (Kuru, 2010; Kurtul and Hazi- lorus. Along its course the right same level of origin of gastroduode- celiac artery next to the origin of the roglu, 2002; Dursun, 2002; Franz and branch of the celiac artery gave off; nal artery. It proceeded caudodor- right gastric artery. It passed along Salomon, 1993; Miladinovic et al., Aa. ileocecales, Rr. succi, A. gas- sally to supply the terminal part of the mesodudenum between the de- 1986; King and Mc Lelland, 1984; troduodenalis, Aa. jejunales, A. gas- jejunum, jejunoileal flexure and ini- scending and ascending limbs of the Lauper et al., 1975) mentioned its trica dextra, then after continued as tial part of ileum. The second artery duodenum where it released a series origin from the descending aorta at A. pancreaticoduodenalis. (Figs 1, 2/20) was detached from of branches to the pancreas and duo- the 5th - 6th thoracic vertebra ventrally. J. Vet. Anat. 4 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa

The celiac artery gave off the esoph- (2010) in the red falcon mentioned pancreaticoduodenalis from which patic artery arose from the left branch ageal arteries, dorsal proventricular that this branch was originated in arose a branch going to the muscular of the celiac artery. On the other artery then extended caudoventrally common with the esophageal artery. stomach and rami ileocaecales to the hand, (Kuru, 2010; Dursun, 2002; giving off 5-6 splenic branches and Nishida et al. (1969) named this ves- middle section of the ceca and the Kurtul, 2002; Aslan and Takci, 1998; hepatic artery, finally it divided into left sel as the right glandular gastric ar- ileum then it continued as the A. pan- Baumel et al., 1993; Nickel et al., and right branches. Silva et al. (1997) tery. The dorsal proventricular artery creaticoduodenalis. 1981; Malinovsky and Novotna, 1977; added that the celiac artery of fowl in egret does not change its name, on The present study revealed that the Malinovsky and Visnanska, 1975; Ma- sent a vessel to the pericardium the other hand this artery continue as left gastric artery was represented the linovsky et al., 1973; Malinovsky, called the cardiac artery. Aycan and dorsal gastric artery that reported by direct continuation of the left branch of 1965; Mc Leod et al., 1964;) recorded Duzler (2000) reported that the celiac Kuru, (2010); Haligur and Duzler, the celiac artery. It had a fan-like dis- that, the right hepatic artery was de- artery in the eagle owl did not bifur- (2010); Aycan and Duzler (2000); and tribution as it was terminated into 6-8 tached from the right branch of the cate and gave off nine branches. Aslan and Takci (1998); while Silva et rami in the left ventral aspect of the celiac artery. In accordance to (Kuru, 2010; Aycan al., 1997 described the dorsal gastric ventriculus, simulating that recorded In cattle egret the splenic arteries and Duzler, 2000; Malinovsky, and artery as a continuity of the pancreati- by Haligur and Duzler (2010) in red were represented by 5-6 branches, Visnansk 1975; Mc Leod et al., 1964) coduodenal artery in birds. falcon. Kuru (2010) in the domestic while they were two branches as rec- in the domestic goose and Nickel et The left branch of the celiac artery in fowl revealed that the left gastric ar- orded in the chicken by Kuru, (2010) al., (1977) in fowl, the first branch cattle egret provided the ventral pro- tery divided into two branches, the and Kuru (1996) and in the Eurasian from the celiac artery is the esopha- ventricular artery, ventral gastric ar- dorsal left and ventral left gastric ar- eagle owl by Aycan and Duzler geal artery. On the other hand, the tery and continued as the left gastric teries. Mahdy (2009) in the ostrich (2000). The number of splenic arteries first branch of the celiac artery is the artery, that in agreement with Kuru added that the left gastric artery gave in chickens has been reported to be dorsal proventricular artery, that re- (2010); Haligur and Duzler, (2010); off 5-7 dorsal twigs and 4-6 ventral 2-8 in domestic fowl by Malinovsky ported by Kurtul and Haziroglu, Getty, (1975). Moreover, Haligur and collateral twigs before its bifurcation and Novotna (1977), 2-6 in the duck (2002); and Silva et al., (1997) in Duzler, (2010) reported that, the left into dorsal and ventral terminal by Pinto et al. (1998), 3-6 in the pi- rooster, drake, pigeons and geese branch of the celiac artery started at branches. geon and 4-6 in the rooster by Kurtul and Haligur and Duzler (2010) in the the right and gave off the right hepatic In this study the hepatic artery origi- (2002). The origin of the splenic arter- red falcon. Baumel et al., (1993) in the artery before coursing to the left. nated from the celiac artery before its ies directly from the celiac artery family Falconidae described the In the present study as well as in the bifurcation, as reported by, Aycan and which was also recorded by Haligur esophageal artery as stemming from domestic fowl by Kuru, (2010), the Duzler, (2000) in Eurasian eagle owl. and Duzler (2010) in red falcon, the aorta. In the present study, the ventral gastric artery was originated While Kuru, (2010); Dursun, (2002); Aycan and Duzler (2000) in the Eura- esophageal artery was not observed from the left branch of the celiac ar- Kurtul, (2002); and Malinovsky and sian eagle owl and Chiasson (1964), to arise from the aorta. tery, and extended caudally along the Visnanska, (1975) mentioned that the Baumel et al. (1993) in the chicken. The present investigation reported ventral aspect of the ventriculus. left hepatic artery was a branch of the While, (Kuru, 2010; Dursun, 2002; that, the dorsal proventricular artery Haligur and Duzler (2010) in red fal- ventral gastric artery in the domestic Aslan and Takci, 1998; Baumel et al., was detached from the celiac artery con recorded that the ventral gastric fowl. In contrast, (Baumel et al., 1993) 1993; Malinovsky et al., 1973; Doguer after 0.5 cm from the origin of the artery was represented by 2-3 ves- in ducks, (Nickel et al., 1977) in and Erencin, 1964) in the fowl, rec- esophageal artery. In the contrast, sels. Nickel et al. (1977) in the fowl chickens, (Malinovsky and Novotna, orded that the origin of the splenic Kuru (2010) stated this distance as 4 mentioned that the ventral gastric ar- 1977) in red falcons and (Haligur and arteries from is the right branch of the mm. While, Haligur and Duzler, tery was continued as the A. gastro- Duzler, 2010) stated that, the left he- celiac artery.

J. Vet. Anat. 6 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa The celiac artery gave off the esoph- (2010) in the red falcon mentioned pancreaticoduodenalis from which patic artery arose from the left branch ageal arteries, dorsal proventricular that this branch was originated in arose a branch going to the muscular of the celiac artery. On the other artery then extended caudoventrally common with the esophageal artery. stomach and rami ileocaecales to the hand, (Kuru, 2010; Dursun, 2002; giving off 5-6 splenic branches and Nishida et al. (1969) named this ves- middle section of the ceca and the Kurtul, 2002; Aslan and Takci, 1998; hepatic artery, finally it divided into left sel as the right glandular gastric ar- ileum then it continued as the A. pan- Baumel et al., 1993; Nickel et al., and right branches. Silva et al. (1997) tery. The dorsal proventricular artery creaticoduodenalis. 1981; Malinovsky and Novotna, 1977; added that the celiac artery of fowl in egret does not change its name, on The present study revealed that the Malinovsky and Visnanska, 1975; Ma- sent a vessel to the pericardium the other hand this artery continue as left gastric artery was represented the linovsky et al., 1973; Malinovsky, called the cardiac artery. Aycan and dorsal gastric artery that reported by direct continuation of the left branch of 1965; Mc Leod et al., 1964;) recorded Duzler (2000) reported that the celiac Kuru, (2010); Haligur and Duzler, the celiac artery. It had a fan-like dis- that, the right hepatic artery was de- artery in the eagle owl did not bifur- (2010); Aycan and Duzler (2000); and tribution as it was terminated into 6-8 tached from the right branch of the cate and gave off nine branches. Aslan and Takci (1998); while Silva et rami in the left ventral aspect of the celiac artery. In accordance to (Kuru, 2010; Aycan al., 1997 described the dorsal gastric ventriculus, simulating that recorded In cattle egret the splenic arteries and Duzler, 2000; Malinovsky, and artery as a continuity of the pancreati- by Haligur and Duzler (2010) in red were represented by 5-6 branches, Visnansk 1975; Mc Leod et al., 1964) coduodenal artery in birds. falcon. Kuru (2010) in the domestic while they were two branches as rec- in the domestic goose and Nickel et The left branch of the celiac artery in fowl revealed that the left gastric ar- orded in the chicken by Kuru, (2010) al., (1977) in fowl, the first branch cattle egret provided the ventral pro- tery divided into two branches, the and Kuru (1996) and in the Eurasian from the celiac artery is the esopha- ventricular artery, ventral gastric ar- dorsal left and ventral left gastric ar- eagle owl by Aycan and Duzler geal artery. On the other hand, the tery and continued as the left gastric teries. Mahdy (2009) in the ostrich (2000). The number of splenic arteries first branch of the celiac artery is the artery, that in agreement with Kuru added that the left gastric artery gave in chickens has been reported to be dorsal proventricular artery, that re- (2010); Haligur and Duzler, (2010); off 5-7 dorsal twigs and 4-6 ventral 2-8 in domestic fowl by Malinovsky ported by Kurtul and Haziroglu, Getty, (1975). Moreover, Haligur and collateral twigs before its bifurcation and Novotna (1977), 2-6 in the duck (2002); and Silva et al., (1997) in Duzler, (2010) reported that, the left into dorsal and ventral terminal by Pinto et al. (1998), 3-6 in the pi- rooster, drake, pigeons and geese branch of the celiac artery started at branches. geon and 4-6 in the rooster by Kurtul and Haligur and Duzler (2010) in the the right and gave off the right hepatic In this study the hepatic artery origi- (2002). The origin of the splenic arter- red falcon. Baumel et al., (1993) in the artery before coursing to the left. nated from the celiac artery before its ies directly from the celiac artery family Falconidae described the In the present study as well as in the bifurcation, as reported by, Aycan and which was also recorded by Haligur esophageal artery as stemming from domestic fowl by Kuru, (2010), the Duzler, (2000) in Eurasian eagle owl. and Duzler (2010) in red falcon, the aorta. In the present study, the ventral gastric artery was originated While Kuru, (2010); Dursun, (2002); Aycan and Duzler (2000) in the Eura- esophageal artery was not observed from the left branch of the celiac ar- Kurtul, (2002); and Malinovsky and sian eagle owl and Chiasson (1964), to arise from the aorta. tery, and extended caudally along the Visnanska, (1975) mentioned that the Baumel et al. (1993) in the chicken. The present investigation reported ventral aspect of the ventriculus. left hepatic artery was a branch of the While, (Kuru, 2010; Dursun, 2002; that, the dorsal proventricular artery Haligur and Duzler (2010) in red fal- ventral gastric artery in the domestic Aslan and Takci, 1998; Baumel et al., was detached from the celiac artery con recorded that the ventral gastric fowl. In contrast, (Baumel et al., 1993) 1993; Malinovsky et al., 1973; Doguer after 0.5 cm from the origin of the artery was represented by 2-3 ves- in ducks, (Nickel et al., 1977) in and Erencin, 1964) in the fowl, rec- esophageal artery. In the contrast, sels. Nickel et al. (1977) in the fowl chickens, (Malinovsky and Novotna, orded that the origin of the splenic Kuru (2010) stated this distance as 4 mentioned that the ventral gastric ar- 1977) in red falcons and (Haligur and arteries from is the right branch of the mm. While, Haligur and Duzler, tery was continued as the A. gastro- Duzler, 2010) stated that, the left he- celiac artery.

J. Vet. Anat. 7 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa

In cattle egret the right branch of the ocecal artery supplied the left ce- also gave jejunal artery. In this re- nithological Club. No:23,Cambridge, celiac artery gave off the ileocecal, cum and the terminal part of the ile- spect in the red falcon (Haligur and Massachusets. gastroduodenal, right gastric arteries um Duzler, 2010), recorded that this Chiasson, B. R. (1964): Laboratory and then continued as pancreaticodu- artery was divided into two branch- In cattle egret, the gastroduodenal of the Pigeon. Brown Company odenal artery. (Kuru, 2010; Aslan and es, one of the bifurcated branches artery originated from the right Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 34- Takci, 1998; Silva et al, 1997; Franz extended along the flexura duodeni branch of the celiac artery. It was 41. and Salomon, 1993; Baumel, 1975) and pars descendens duodeni while distributed to craniodorsal tenuis added that, the splenic arteries, right the other branch was ascertained to muscle, the pylorus and the initial Doguer, S., Erencin, Z. (1964): hepatic artery, ileal arteries also origi- run along the pars ascendens duo- portion of the duodenum descen- Comparative Anatomy of Domestic nated from the right branch of the ce- deni. dens. Similar results were recorded Bird. The Veterinary Medicine Fac- liac artery. In the study, the right by (Kuru, 2010) in the domestic fowl ulty Publishers, Ankara University branch of the celiac artery gave off and (Haligur and Duzler, 2010) in Press, Ankara, pp. 72-73. the jejunal artery and branch to Pars red falcon. On the other hand References pylorica. Dursun, N. (2002): Anatomy of Baumel et al. (1993) reported the Aslan, K. and Takci, I. (1998): The Domestic Birds (in Turkish). In the present investigation, the ile- corresponding vessel in the chicken arterial vascularisation of the organs Medisan Publishing, Ankara, pp. ocecal artery arose from the right as arising from the left branch of the (stomach, intestine, spleen, kidneys, 140-141. branch of the celiac artery. While it celiac artery. testes and ovarium) in the ab- is originated from the pancreati- The current investigation revealed dominal region of the geese ob- Fowler, M. E. (1991): Comparative codudenal artery as reported by, that the pancreaticoduodenal artery tained from Kars surrounding (in clinical anatomy of ratites. J. Zool. Kuru, (2010) and Silva et al. (1997) represented the continuation of the Turkish). Kafkas University, Fac. Wild. Med., 22: 204-227. in domestic fowl and Haligur and Vet. Med. J., 4: 49-53. right branch of the celiac artery, as Franz, V. and Salomon, V. (1993): Duzler, (2010) in the red falcon. On recorded by (Kuru, 2010), in fowl. Lehrbuch der Geflügelanatomie. the other hand, the ileocecal artery Aycan, K. and Duzler, A. (2000): While Mahdy (2009) in the ostrich The anatomy of celiac artery in the Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Sutt- arose from the cranial mesenteric revealed the bifurcation of the right eagle owl (Bubo bubo) (in Turkish). gart. artery as recorded by, (Kurtul and branch of the celiac artery into the Ankara University, Fac. Vet. Med. Haziroglu, 2002) in the pigeon. In Getty R. (1975): The Anatomy of right gastric and pancreaticoduode- this connection, in the fowl, Baumel J., 47: 319-323. the Domestic Animals. 5th ed. WB nal arteries. On the other hand (1975), Malinovsky and Novotna Aves Heart Saunders Company, New York. Nickel et al. (1977) recorded that Baumel, J. J. (1975): (1977) and Nickel et al. (1977) rec- and Blood Vessels. In, Sisson and 1990–1991. the pancreaticoduodenal artery was orded 1-5 ileocecal arteries were Grossman's the Anatomy of the formed by the continuity of the gas- Haligur, A. and Duzler, A. (2010): arising from the duodenojejunal ar- Domestic Animals. Getty R (Eds.), tropancreaticoduodenal artery. In Course and branch of the celiac artery. The ileocecal artery supplied Vol II, 5 th ed. Saunders Company, cattle egret as in the fowl by (Kuru, tery in the red falcon (Buteo rufi- the ileum in the pigeon (Kurtul and Philadelphia, 1990-1991. 2010) the pancreaticoduodenal ar- nus). Vet. Med., 55(2): 79-86. Haziroglu, 2002; and Silva et al., teries run in the mesentery connect- Baumel, J. J., King, S. A., Breasile 1997) and Haligur and Duzler King, A. S. and Mc Lelland, J. ing the ascending and descending , J. E., Evans, H. E. and Berge, J. (2010) in the red falcon. While, in (1984): Birds, Their Structure and parts of the duodenum to the flexura C. V. (1993) : Nomina Anatomica nd the present study and results of Ku- Function. 2 ed., Bailliere Tindall, duodeni, giving off Rr. pancreatici Avium. Published by the Nuttall Or- ru, (2010) in domestic fowl, the ile- England. and Rr. duodenales, in the study it

J. Vet. Anat. 8 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa In cattle egret the right branch of the ocecal artery supplied the left ce- also gave jejunal artery. In this re- nithological Club. No:23,Cambridge, celiac artery gave off the ileocecal, cum and the terminal part of the ile- spect in the red falcon (Haligur and Massachusets. gastroduodenal, right gastric arteries um Duzler, 2010), recorded that this Chiasson, B. R. (1964): Laboratory and then continued as pancreaticodu- artery was divided into two branch- In cattle egret, the gastroduodenal of the Pigeon. Brown Company odenal artery. (Kuru, 2010; Aslan and es, one of the bifurcated branches artery originated from the right Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa, pp. 34- Takci, 1998; Silva et al, 1997; Franz extended along the flexura duodeni branch of the celiac artery. It was 41. and Salomon, 1993; Baumel, 1975) and pars descendens duodeni while distributed to craniodorsal tenuis added that, the splenic arteries, right the other branch was ascertained to muscle, the pylorus and the initial Doguer, S., Erencin, Z. (1964): hepatic artery, ileal arteries also origi- run along the pars ascendens duo- portion of the duodenum descen- Comparative Anatomy of Domestic nated from the right branch of the ce- deni. dens. Similar results were recorded Bird. The Veterinary Medicine Fac- liac artery. In the study, the right by (Kuru, 2010) in the domestic fowl ulty Publishers, Ankara University branch of the celiac artery gave off and (Haligur and Duzler, 2010) in Press, Ankara, pp. 72-73. the jejunal artery and branch to Pars red falcon. On the other hand References pylorica. Dursun, N. (2002): Anatomy of Baumel et al. (1993) reported the Aslan, K. and Takci, I. (1998): The Domestic Birds (in Turkish). In the present investigation, the ile- corresponding vessel in the chicken arterial vascularisation of the organs Medisan Publishing, Ankara, pp. ocecal artery arose from the right as arising from the left branch of the (stomach, intestine, spleen, kidneys, 140-141. branch of the celiac artery. While it celiac artery. testes and ovarium) in the ab- is originated from the pancreati- The current investigation revealed dominal region of the geese ob- Fowler, M. E. (1991): Comparative codudenal artery as reported by, that the pancreaticoduodenal artery tained from Kars surrounding (in clinical anatomy of ratites. J. Zool. Kuru, (2010) and Silva et al. (1997) represented the continuation of the Turkish). Kafkas University, Fac. Wild. Med., 22: 204-227. in domestic fowl and Haligur and Vet. Med. J., 4: 49-53. right branch of the celiac artery, as Franz, V. and Salomon, V. (1993): Duzler, (2010) in the red falcon. On recorded by (Kuru, 2010), in fowl. Lehrbuch der Geflügelanatomie. the other hand, the ileocecal artery Aycan, K. and Duzler, A. (2000): While Mahdy (2009) in the ostrich The anatomy of celiac artery in the Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Sutt- arose from the cranial mesenteric revealed the bifurcation of the right eagle owl (Bubo bubo) (in Turkish). gart. artery as recorded by, (Kurtul and branch of the celiac artery into the Ankara University, Fac. Vet. Med. Haziroglu, 2002) in the pigeon. In Getty R. (1975): The Anatomy of right gastric and pancreaticoduode- this connection, in the fowl, Baumel J., 47: 319-323. the Domestic Animals. 5th ed. WB nal arteries. On the other hand (1975), Malinovsky and Novotna Aves Heart Saunders Company, New York. Nickel et al. (1977) recorded that Baumel, J. J. (1975): (1977) and Nickel et al. (1977) rec- and Blood Vessels. In, Sisson and 1990–1991. the pancreaticoduodenal artery was orded 1-5 ileocecal arteries were Grossman's the Anatomy of the formed by the continuity of the gas- Haligur, A. and Duzler, A. (2010): arising from the duodenojejunal ar- Domestic Animals. Getty R (Eds.), tropancreaticoduodenal artery. In Course and branch of the celiac artery. The ileocecal artery supplied Vol II, 5 th ed. Saunders Company, cattle egret as in the fowl by (Kuru, tery in the red falcon (Buteo rufi- the ileum in the pigeon (Kurtul and Philadelphia, 1990-1991. 2010) the pancreaticoduodenal ar- nus). Vet. Med., 55(2): 79-86. Haziroglu, 2002; and Silva et al., teries run in the mesentery connect- Baumel, J. J., King, S. A., Breasile 1997) and Haligur and Duzler King, A. S. and Mc Lelland, J. ing the ascending and descending , J. E., Evans, H. E. and Berge, J. (2010) in the red falcon. While, in (1984): Birds, Their Structure and parts of the duodenum to the flexura C. V. (1993) : Nomina Anatomica nd the present study and results of Ku- Function. 2 ed., Bailliere Tindall, duodeni, giving off Rr. pancreatici Avium. Published by the Nuttall Or- ru, (2010) in domestic fowl, the ile- England. and Rr. duodenales, in the study it

J. Vet. Anat. 9 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa

Kurtul, I. (2002): Comparative Malinovsky, L. (1965): Blood sup- Nickel, R., Schummer, A. and moshata). Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. macroanatomical investigations on ply to stomachs and adjacent or- Seiferle, E. (1981): The Anatomy of Sci., 35: 103-106. the pattern and branches of the aor- gans in Buzzard. Folia Morphologi- the Domestic Animals. Vol 3, Verlag ta descendens among the rooster, ca (Praque), 13: 191-201. Paul Parey, Berlin, 95. Silva, Carneiro, F. O., Severino, drake, and pigeon (in Turkish). [PhD R. S., Santos ALQ, Drummond, S. Malinovsky, L. and Novotna, M. thesis.] Fac. Vet. Med. Ankara Nishida, T., Paik, Y. K. and Ya- S., Bombonato, P. P., Santana, (1977): Branching of the celiac ar- Univ., pp. 24-37. Blood vascular tery in some domestic birds. III. A. suda, M. (1969): MIS., Lopes, D. and Marçal, A. V. supply of the glandular stomach (1997): Origin and distribution of the Kurtul, I. and Haziroglu, R. M. Comparison of the pattern of the (Ventriculus glandularis) and the artery celiacae in birds (Gallus gal- (2002): Comparative macroanatom- celiac artery in three breeds of the muscular stomach (Ventriculus lus domesticus-Ross linage). Re- ical investigations on the pattern domestic fowl (Gallus gallus f. do- muscularis). Jpn. J. Vet. Sci., 31: vista da FZVA,4 (1): 64-76. and branches of the descending mestica). Anat. Anz, 141: 136-146. 51-70. aorta among the rooster, drake, and Tomsett, D. H. and C. W. Wakeley Malinovsky, L. and Visnanska, M. pigeon (in Turkish). J. Fac. Vet. Pinto, M. R. A., Riberio, A. A.CM. (1965): Anatomical Techniques. 1st (1975): Branching of the celiac ar- Med., Ankara Univ., 51: 1-6. Os ar- Edition. E & Living Stone Ltd. Edin- tery in some domestic birds, II. The and Souza, W. M. (1998): ranjos configurados pela arteria ce- burgh and London. Kuru, N. (1996): Macroanatomical domestic goose. Folia Morphologica liaca no pato domestico (Carina investigation of course and branch- (Prague). 23: 128-135.

ing of aorta in domestic chick and Malinovsky, L., Visnanska, M. and Table (1): Summary for the main arteries supplying the stomach of egret New Zealand rabbit (in Turkish). Roubal, P. (1973): Branching of a. Artery Origin Distribution [PhD thesis] Faculty of Biology, Sel- celiaca in some domestic birds. I. 1-Dorsal proven- Celiac artery -Dorsal aspect of the proven- cuk University.30–37. Domestic Duck (in Czech). Scripta tricular artery triculus. Kuru, N. (2010): Macroanatomic Medica, 46: 325-336. -Isthmus gastric. -Thoracic esophagus. investigations on the course and McLeod, W. M., Trotter, D. M. and 2- Ventral proven- Left branch of the -Ventral aspect of the proven- distribution of the celiac artery in Lumb, J. M. (1964): Avian Anato- tricular artery celiac artery triculus. domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domes- my. Burgeaa Publishing Company, -Thoracic esophagus. ticus). Scientific Research and Es- 3- Ventral gastric Left branch of the -Ventral aspect of the proven- 82: 133-134. says Vol.5 (23), pp. 3585-3591. artery celiac artery triculus. Miladinovic, Z., Popoic, S. and -Ventral aspect of the ventric- Lauper, N. T., Unni, K. K., Kottke, ulus. Jojic, D. (1986): Vascularization of B. A. and Titus, K. L. (1975): Anat- - Isthmus gastric. the glandular stomach of the hen 4- Left gastric ar- Continuation of the - Ventral aspect of the ven- omy and histology of aorta of White (Gallus domesticus). Acta Vet., 5(6): tery left branch of the triculus Carneau pigeon. Lab. Invest., 32: 335-342. celiac artery -Ventral aspect of the proven- 536-551. triculus. 5- Right gastric Right branch of -Dorsal aspect of the ventricu- Mahdy, E.A.A. (2009): some ana- Nickel, R., Schummer, A. and artery the celiac artery lus (craniodorsal tenuis, cau- tomical studies on the stomach of Seiferle, E. (1977): Anatomy of the doventral tenuis muscles and ostrich (Struthio camelus).M.V.Sc. Domestic Birds. Verlag Paul Parey, centrum tendineum) Berlin. 6-Gastroduodenal Right branch of the - Pyloric region and the initial Thesis, Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig Univ. artery celiac artery portion of the duodenum descendens.

J. Vet. Anat. 10 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa Kurtul, I. (2002): Comparative Malinovsky, L. (1965): Blood sup- Nickel, R., Schummer, A. and moshata). Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. macroanatomical investigations on ply to stomachs and adjacent or- Seiferle, E. (1981): The Anatomy of Sci., 35: 103-106. the pattern and branches of the aor- gans in Buzzard. Folia Morphologi- the Domestic Animals. Vol 3, Verlag ta descendens among the rooster, ca (Praque), 13: 191-201. Paul Parey, Berlin, 95. Silva, Carneiro, F. O., Severino, drake, and pigeon (in Turkish). [PhD R. S., Santos ALQ, Drummond, S. Malinovsky, L. and Novotna, M. thesis.] Fac. Vet. Med. Ankara Nishida, T., Paik, Y. K. and Ya- S., Bombonato, P. P., Santana, (1977): Branching of the celiac ar- Univ., pp. 24-37. Blood vascular tery in some domestic birds. III. A. suda, M. (1969): MIS., Lopes, D. and Marçal, A. V. supply of the glandular stomach (1997): Origin and distribution of the Kurtul, I. and Haziroglu, R. M. Comparison of the pattern of the (Ventriculus glandularis) and the artery celiacae in birds (Gallus gal- (2002): Comparative macroanatom- celiac artery in three breeds of the muscular stomach (Ventriculus lus domesticus-Ross linage). Re- ical investigations on the pattern domestic fowl (Gallus gallus f. do- muscularis). Jpn. J. Vet. Sci., 31: vista da FZVA,4 (1): 64-76. and branches of the descending mestica). Anat. Anz, 141: 136-146. 51-70. aorta among the rooster, drake, and Tomsett, D. H. and C. W. Wakeley Malinovsky, L. and Visnanska, M. pigeon (in Turkish). J. Fac. Vet. Pinto, M. R. A., Riberio, A. A.CM. (1965): Anatomical Techniques. 1st (1975): Branching of the celiac ar- Med., Ankara Univ., 51: 1-6. Os ar- Edition. E & Living Stone Ltd. Edin- tery in some domestic birds, II. The and Souza, W. M. (1998): ranjos configurados pela arteria ce- burgh and London. Kuru, N. (1996): Macroanatomical domestic goose. Folia Morphologica liaca no pato domestico (Carina investigation of course and branch- (Prague). 23: 128-135. ing of aorta in domestic chick and Malinovsky, L., Visnanska, M. and Table (1): Summary for the main arteries supplying the stomach of egret New Zealand rabbit (in Turkish). Roubal, P. (1973): Branching of a. Artery Origin Distribution [PhD thesis] Faculty of Biology, Sel- celiaca in some domestic birds. I. 1-Dorsal proven- Celiac artery -Dorsal aspect of the proven- cuk University.30–37. Domestic Duck (in Czech). Scripta tricular artery triculus. Kuru, N. (2010): Macroanatomic Medica, 46: 325-336. -Isthmus gastric. -Thoracic esophagus. investigations on the course and McLeod, W. M., Trotter, D. M. and 2- Ventral proven- Left branch of the -Ventral aspect of the proven- distribution of the celiac artery in Lumb, J. M. (1964): Avian Anato- tricular artery celiac artery triculus. domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domes- my. Burgeaa Publishing Company, -Thoracic esophagus. ticus). Scientific Research and Es- 3- Ventral gastric Left branch of the -Ventral aspect of the proven- 82: 133-134. says Vol.5 (23), pp. 3585-3591. artery celiac artery triculus. Miladinovic, Z., Popoic, S. and -Ventral aspect of the ventric- Lauper, N. T., Unni, K. K., Kottke, ulus. Jojic, D. (1986): Vascularization of B. A. and Titus, K. L. (1975): Anat- - Isthmus gastric. the glandular stomach of the hen 4- Left gastric ar- Continuation of the - Ventral aspect of the ven- omy and histology of aorta of White (Gallus domesticus). Acta Vet., 5(6): tery left branch of the triculus Carneau pigeon. Lab. Invest., 32: 335-342. celiac artery -Ventral aspect of the proven- 536-551. triculus. 5- Right gastric Right branch of -Dorsal aspect of the ventricu- Mahdy, E.A.A. (2009): some ana- Nickel, R., Schummer, A. and artery the celiac artery lus (craniodorsal tenuis, cau- tomical studies on the stomach of Seiferle, E. (1977): Anatomy of the doventral tenuis muscles and ostrich (Struthio camelus).M.V.Sc. Domestic Birds. Verlag Paul Parey, centrum tendineum) Berlin. 6-Gastroduodenal Right branch of the - Pyloric region and the initial Thesis, Fac. Vet. Med. Zagazig Univ. artery celiac artery portion of the duodenum descendens.

J. Vet. Anat. 11 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa

Legend for figures (1-3) I-V: Costae (numerical), a- Kidney, b- Heart, c- Liver, d-Esophagus, e- Proventriculus, f- Gizzard, f1- Pars pylorica (3rd stomach), g- Descending duodenum, h- Ascending duodenum, i- Pancreas, j- Jejunum, k- Ileum., l- Coloaca, m- Gall bladder, n- Spleen, o- Left cecum, p- Colorectum, 1- Aorta descenedens, 2- A.celiaca, 3- A.mesenterica cranialis, 4-A. esophagealis, 4a- Rr. of A. esophagealis, 5-A. proventricularis dorsalis, 5a- Rr. esophageales of 5, 5b- Rr. collaterales of 5, 6- A. esophagealis of 5, 7- Aa. Lienales, 8- A. hepatica, 9- Ramus dexter arteriae celicae, 10- Ramus sinster arteriae celicae, 11- A. proventrcularis ventralis, 11a- Rr. esophageales of 11, 12- A. gastrica ventralis, 13- A. gastrica sinistra, 14- Rr. collaterales of 13, 15-R. of Pars pylorica, 16- Aa. ileocecales, 17- Rr. succi, 18- A. gastrodudenalis, 19- A .jejunalis of 10, 20- A .jejunalis of 22, 21- A. gastrica dextra, 22- A. pancreaticoduodenalis, 23- Rr. Pancreatici of 22, 24- Rr. duodenales of 22.

Fig (2): A photograph showing branches of the celiac artery in Cattle egret, right lateral view.

Fig (1): A photograph showing branches of the celiac artery in Cattle egret, right lateral view.

Fig (3): A photograph showing branches of the left ramus of the celiac artery in Cattle egret left lateral view. J. Vet. Anat. 12 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Celiac artery of cattle egret E.F.Khalifa Legend for figures (1-3) I-V: Costae (numerical), a- Kidney, b- Heart, c- Liver, d-Esophagus, e- Proventriculus, f- Gizzard, f1- Pars pylorica (3rd stomach), g- Descending duodenum, h- Ascending duodenum, i- Pancreas, j- Jejunum, k- Ileum., l- Coloaca, m- Gall bladder, n- Spleen, o- Left cecum, p- Colorectum, 1- Aorta descenedens, 2- A.celiaca, 3- A.mesenterica cranialis, 4-A. esophagealis, 4a- Rr. of A. esophagealis, 5-A. proventricularis dorsalis, 5a- Rr. esophageales of 5, 5b- Rr. collaterales of 5, 6- A. esophagealis of 5, 7- Aa. Lienales, 8- A. hepatica, 9- Ramus dexter arteriae celicae, 10- Ramus sinster arteriae celicae, 11- A. proventrcularis ventralis, 11a- Rr. esophageales of 11, 12- A. gastrica ventralis, 13- A. gastrica sinistra, 14- Rr. collaterales of 13, 15-R. of Pars pylorica, 16- Aa. ileocecales, 17- Rr. succi, 18- A. gastrodudenalis, 19- A .jejunalis of 10, 20- A .jejunalis of 22, 21- A. gastrica dextra, 22- A. pancreaticoduodenalis, 23- Rr. Pancreatici of 22, 24- Rr. duodenales of 22.

Fig (2): A photograph showing branches of the celiac artery in Cattle egret, right lateral view.

Fig (1): A photograph showing branches of the celiac artery in Cattle egret, right lateral view.

Fig (3): A photograph showing branches of the left ramus of the celiac artery in Cattle egret left lateral view. J. Vet. Anat. 13 Vol 7 No 1, (2014) 1 - 13

Animals of this issue Some gross morphological studies on the internal Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) anatomy of the scaled common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) in Egypt

Farag, F.M.M., Wally, Y.R., Daghash, S.M. and Ibrahim, A.M. Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo Univer- sity

With 11 figures received November 2013 and accepted for publication January 2014

was two chambered and was phy- Abstract sostomous type. The kidneys were The present work was carried out differentiated into head and trunk on fresh ten scaled carp fish of kidneys. The ovaries were large weight range 1.5 – 3.5 kg. The fish- oval bodies that occupied most of es were subjected to fine dissection the abdominal cavity. The testes to demonstrate the anatomy of the Kingdom: Animalia & Phylum: Chordata & Class: Aves & Subclass: Neomithes & Infraclass: consisted of 5-6 irregular lobes Neognathae & Superorder: Neoaves & Order: Pelecaniformes & Family: Ardeidae & Genus: digestive, respiratory and urogenital Ardea & Species: A. cinerea The obtained results were photo- organs. Carp fish had a terminal graphed, described and discussed mouth, no teeth on both jaws and The Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) is a cosmopolitan species of heron (family with their corresponding features of this was compensated by well- Ardeidae) found in the tropics, subtropics and warm temperate zones. It is the authors who performed earlier stud- developed pharyngeal pad and only member of the monotypic genus Bubulcus, although some authorities ies in other fish species. regard its two subspecies as full species, the Western Cattle Egret and the pharyngeal teeth. No stomach could be observed but the beginning of ، Eastern Cattle Egret. Despite the similarities in plumage to the egrets of the Keywords: Anatomy, Fish, Scaled the intestinal tract formed an intesti- genus Egretta, it is more closely related to the herons of Ardea. Originally native common carp. to parts of Asia, Africa and Europe, it has undergone a rapid expansion in its nal swelling. The intestinal tract distribution and successfully colonised much of the rest of the world. throughout its length formed three U-shaped loops. The liver was rela- Introduction The positioning of the egret's eyes allows for binocular vision during feeding, tively large and formed of multiple The common carp (Mabrouk in Ara- and physiological studies suggest that the species may be capable of hepatic fragments that surrounded bic) is a widespread freshwater fish crepuscular or nocturnal activity. Adapted to foraging on land, they have lost the and dispersed between most of the in lakes, ponds and large rivers in ability possessed by their wetland relatives to accurately correct for light viscera. The gall bladder was a Europe and Central Asia, but has refraction by water. large sac situated on the right side been introduced practically every- This species gives a quiet, throaty rick-rack call at the breeding colony, but is of the intestinal swelling. Five pairs where outside its native geograph- otherwise largely silent. of gill arches were observed and the ical and climatic range. It is on the last pair was united forming the List of the world's 100 worst inva- Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia pharyngeal bone. The swim bladder