Depth to Water (D) Parameter Recharge (R) Parameter Intrinsic Groundwater Vulnerability Map Net Recharge (R) Parameter of

Port Hardy

!(

Holberg Depth to Water (m) !( 1 (30.5+) 2 (23.0 - 30.4) 3 (15.3 - 22.9) Port McNeill Recharge (mm/yr) 5 (9.2 - 15.2) !( !( ³ 6 (103 - 178) ³ 7 (4.7 - 9.1) 8 (179-254) 9 (1.6 - 4.6) 10 (0 - 1.5) 9 (255+)

0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 Lakes Kilometres Lakes Kilometres

Unmapped Areas 1:1,750,000 Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000

Sayward !( !(

Port Alice MOUNT WADDINGTON

Aquifer Medium (A) Parameter Woss Aquifer Media (A) Parameter !(

!(

!( Zeballos Aquifer Medium Campbell River 1 (clay) 2 (silty/gravelly/sandy clay) !( STRATHCONA Intrinsic Aquifer Vulnerability 3 (intrusive & metamorphic rock) 4 (volcanic rock) DRASTIC Classification 5 (fine grained sedimentary rock) 6 (coarse grained sedimentary rock) ³ Low (59 - 100) 7 (sand) COMOX 8 (sand and gravel) Moderate (101 - 160) VALLEY 9 (gravel) 0 10 20 30 40 Lakes Courtenay High (161 - 218) Kilometres !( Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000 Gold River !( Cumberland Rivers !( Lakes Unmapped Areas

SoSiol iMl Medeidai (uSm) P (aSr)a Pmaeratemreter

Qualicum Beach Topography (T) Parameter Topography (T) Parameter !( Parksville ALBERNI-CLAYOQUOT !(

!( Soil Texture 1 (nonshrinking and nonaggregated clay) !( NANAIMO 2 (muck) 3 (clay loam) 4 (silty loam) !( 5 (loam) 6 (sandy loam) 7 (shrinking and/or aggregated clay) ³ 8 (peat) 9 (sand) 10 (gravel and/or 'thin or absent') COWICHAN VALLEY !( 0 10 20 30 40 !( Lakes Kilometres Topography (% slope) Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000 1 (19+) 3 (13-18) 5 (7-12) ³ Duncan !( !( 9 (3-6) !( 10 (0-2)

0 10 20 30 40 Lakes Kilometres

Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000

Sidney !( ³ 0 5 10 20 30 40 Kilometres Saanich Impact of the Vadose Zone (I) Parameter !( Impact of the Vadose Zone Hydraulic Conductivity (C) PHaryadmreatuelric Conductivity (C) !( CAPTIAL 1:450,000 (I) Parameter Parameter Projected Coordinate System: BC Albers Datum: NAD 1983 !( !( !( Jordan River Created by: P. Newton !( Victoria For: Vancouver Island Water Resources Vulnerability Explanatory Notes: This map illustrates the intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater to contamination Mapping Project (VMP) Data Sources: across the phase 2 study area of the Vancouver Island Water Resources Vulnerability Mapping Project (VMP). It is a regional screening tool, developed to aid in the improvement of land-use BC Ministry of Environment (MoE), decision making, with specific interest in the protection of groundwater quality. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), The DRASTIC methodology, developed by the U.S. EPA, was used to prepare this map. This method identifies seven BC Integrated Land Management Bureau (ILMB), Forest Renewal BC, Vadose Zone Medium parameters that influence intrinsic groundwater vulnerability: D – Depth to Water; R – Net Recharge; A – Aquifer Medium; S – Soil Medium; T – Topography; I – Impact of the Vadose Zone; and C - Hydraulic Conductivity. Climate BC, 1 (clay) BC Geological Survey (BCGS), 2 (silty/gravelly/sandy clay) All parameters are mapped and their attributes rated from 1 to 10, as shown in the inset maps. The rated parameters are then combined to determine the intrinsic vulnerability of a region using the following weighted sum equation: Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), 3 (intrusive & metamorphic rock) Conductivity (m/d) 5D + 4R + 3A +2S + 1T + 5I + 3C = intrinsic vulnerability BC Watershed Atlas 1 (4.0 E-2 to 4.1 E0) 4 (volcanic rock) The result is a qualitative index, with potential vulnerability values ranging from 23 to 230. Values of 23 represent areas of low vulnerability to contamination; values Date: 16 April 2010 5 (fine grained sedimentary rock) 2 (4.2 E0 to 1.2 E1) of 230 represent areas of high vulnerability to contamination. The results of the VMP phase 2 analysis range from 59 to 218, and have been classified into three 6 (coarse grained sedimentary rock) 4 (1.3 E1 to 2.9 E1) categories – high, moderate, and low – as shown in the map above. The results vary slightly from those obtained in the pilot study for the RDN and CVRD, due to 7 (sand) ³ 6 (3.0 E1 to 4.1 E1) ³ differences in data and methods used. 8 (sand and gravel) 8 (4.2 E1 to 8.2 E1) The extent of the intrinsic vulnerability mapping is limited by the availability of well data used to complete the D parameter; the map shown above is limited to within 9 (gravel) 10 (8.2 E1 +) 5 km of these wells. For a more detailed description of this methodology, refer to the following two documents: 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 Lakes Kilometres Lakes Kilometres Liggett, J. and Gilchrist, A., 2010. Technical Summary of Intrinsic Vulnerability Mapping Methods in the Regional Districts of Nanaimo and Cowichan Valley. Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000 Regional District Boundaries 1:1,750,000 Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 6168. 64 pp. Newton, P. and Gilchrist, A., 2010. Technical Summary of Intrinsic Vulnerability Mapping Methods of Vancouver Island. Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC. 45 pp.