Geonoma baculifera LC Taxonomic Authority: (Poit.) Kunth  Global Assessment  Regional Assessment Region: Global  Endemic to region Synonyms Common Names * Gynestum baculifer Poit., Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 9: 389 (1822). Geonoma acutiflora Mart., Hist. Nat. Palm. 2: 10 (1823). Geonoma baculifera (Spruce) Drude in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. Geonoma estevanian Burret, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: Geonoma macrospat Spruce, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11: 105 (1869).

Upper Level Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: LILIOPSIDA Order: Family: PALMAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name:  Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority:

General Information Distribution Geonoma baculifera occurs across the Brazilian Amazon up to the Guianas, Suriname and Venezuela. It may occur as far west as Colombia and Peru.

Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 500  Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: Lower limit: 0  Antarctic Map Status: Depth  Australasian Upper limit:  Neotropical Lower limit:  Oceanian Depth Zones  Palearctic  Shallow photic  Bathyl  Hadal  Indomalayan  Photic  Abyssal  Nearctic Population Noted as widespread.

Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology Occurs in moist lowland rainforests.

System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative  Terrestrial  Freshwater  Nomadic  Congregatory/Dispersive  Is the a wild relative of a crop?  Marine  Migratory  Altitudinally migrant

Growth From Definition Tree - size unknow Tree (any size), also termed a Phanerophyte (>1m)

Threats The general threats in the Guianan moist forest that may affect G. baculifera include: expanding logging operations, road- building, gold-mining and its resulting pollution. In Brazil the ecosystems are mainly threatened by expanding agriculture and raising cattle resulting in widespread deforestation (WWF 2001).

Past Present Future 13 None  Conservation Measures G. baculifera is present in a number of protected areas in Brazil and the Guianas. It is not listed on CITES and seeds from this species are not present in the Millennium Seed Bank, UK. It is listed as 'no amenazades' (not threatened) in Peru (Kahn & Moussa 1994).

In Place Needed 3 Research actions  3.5 Threats  3.9 Trends/Monitoring  4 Habitat and site-based actions  4.4 Protected areas  5 Species-based actions  5.7 Ex situ conservation actions  5.7.2 Genome resource bank 

Countries of Occurrence

PRESENCE ORIGIN Year Breeding Non- Passage Possibly ExtinctPresence Native Introduced Re- Vagrant Origin Round Season breeding migrant extinct uncertain Introduced uncertain only season only Brazil    Amapá    Amazonas    Maranhão    Pará    Roraima    Colombia    French Guiana    Guyana    Peru    Suriname    Venezuela    Venezuela   

General Habitats Score Description Major Importance 1 Forest 1UnsetSuitable 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland1Unset Suitable

Ecosystem Services  Insufficient Information available  Species provides no ecosystem services

Species Utilisation  Species is not utilised at all

Purpose / Type of Use Subsistence National International 8. Fibre  G. baculifera is best suited on the Uaupe, for thatching toldas [awnings] of canoes (Spruce no. 72).

Trend in the level of wild offtake/harvest in relation to total wild population numbers over the last five years: Trend in the amount of offtake/harvest produced through domestication/cultivation over the last five years: CITES status: Not listed

IUCN Red Listing Red List Assessment:(using 2001 IUCN system) Least Concern (LC)

Red List Criteria: Date Last Seen (only for EX, EW or Possibly EX species): Is the species Possibly Extinct?  Possibly Extinct Candidate?  Rationale for the Red List Assessment Geonoma is a well represented in western Amazonia (Montufar & Pintaud 2006). G. baculifera has a wide range spreading across northern Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Generally these areas have a relatively low human footprint and large patches of forest remain undisturbed. However, threats such as habitat loss from agricultural expansion should be carefully monitored. Due to its wide range, occurrence in relatively intact forests and protected areas G. baculifera is rated as Least Concern. Reason(s) for Change in Red List Category from the Previous Assessment:  Genuine Change  Nongenuine Change  No Change  Genuine (recent)  New information  Taxonomy  Same category  Genuine (since first assessment)  Knowledge of Criteria  Criteria Revisio and criteria  Incorrect data used  Other  Same category but previously change in criteria Current Population Trend: Stable Date of Assessment: 08/04/2009 Name(s) of the Assessor(s): Loftus, C. Evaluator(s): Notes:

% population decline in the past: Time period over which the past decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): % population decline in the future: Time period over which the future decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): Number of Locations: Severely Fragmented: Number of Mature Individuals:

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