epie

1 OUTDOOR Volume IX, Number 8 s11 Issued Monthly

SEPTEMBER, 1942 Permission for publication of all material in this issue is hereby given on condition that we receive marked copies of publications using this material entirely or in part. Responsibility for the return of unsolicited manuscripts and photographs cannot be assumed unless request for return of such material is accompanied by self-addressed and stamped envelope. Address all communications, Editor, OUTDOOR INDIANA, 401 State Library Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind.

4on ten Sdit o l Eo atd

HENRY F. SCHRICKER Governor HIKING-A FAMILY ACTIVITY cover page CHARLES M. DAWSON Commissioner, Division of Agriculture NINE-DAY PHEASANT SEASON S. C. HADDEN page one Chairman, State Highway Commission WAR MAY CUT STRAWBERRY STATE CONSERVATION COMMISSION PRODUCTION page two Wm. Roth, Chairman Ernest Atkins, Secretary J. I. Holcomb Milton Matter EVEN THE "OLD FISHERMAN" page three HUGH A. BARNHART Director, Department of Conservation WATERFOWL HUNTING REGULATIONS page four HARREL MOSBAUGH Director, Division of Fish and Game BERGSONS ENJOY BIRDS, ANIMALS page five CHARLES A. DETURK Director, Division of State Parks, Lands SEVENTY-FIVE BOYS AT 4-H CAMP and Waters page six T. E. SHAW COL. ISAAC W. BROWN Acting Director, Division of Forestry page seven . FRANK N. WALLACE LAKE AND STREAM SURVEY Director, Division of Entomology page eight RALPH ESAREY WATER RESOURCES TO BE LOCATED Director, Division of Geology pape nine CHARLES BECHERT RECORDS FALL AT SHAKAMAK State Engineer page ten

USE SALVAGE MATERIALS FOR BRIDGE page thirteen MARC G. WAGGENER Editor THE EDITOR'S PAGE inside cover A. E. ANDREWS BLODGETT E. BRENNAN Associate Editors THE COVER PAGE Hiking was one of the first activities pro- vided by Indiana's state park system when it Published monthly at 406 State Library Bldg., was established with the acquisition of Tur- Indianapolis, Indiana, by Indiana Division of Agri- key Run more than a quarter of a century ago. It is even more popular today as a family culture, in cooperation with the Indiana Department activity and a high percentage of visitors at of Conservation. Turkey Run enjoy a trip over the scenic foot Entered as second-class matter at the post office at trails which wind through canyons, through virgin timber and along the winding banks of Indianapolis, Indiana, under the Act of June 6, 1900. Sugar Creek. Ii ___I Nine-Day Open Season for Pheasants Will Begin November 10--Hens Protected

H OOSIER sportsmen will have Only Cock Bilrds to Be Taken additional field sport for Hoo- a nine-day open season This Year-B2ag Limit of Two sier hunters. The number of on cock pheasants this year- pheasants propagated was in- no open season on hen birds Fixed for OneDIDay's Hunting creased, as it was found that -which will start Tuesday, food and climatic conditions in November 10, and end on Thursday, November 19. most of the state's area were favorable. Propaga- A daily bag limit of two cock birds and a possession tion was stepped up materially in 1937 when the limit of four has been fixed for the 1942 season. operation of electric brooders by conservation The only change from the 1941 regulations on clubs was inaugurated. Day-old pheasant chicks, pheasant hunting is the closing of the season on hatched at the Jasper-Pulaski and Wells County hen birds, an action which was taken after an game farms, are furnished the clubs by the Divi- extensive survey of the pheasant population of the sion of Fish and Game, the clubs being recom- state and a study of recommendations made by pensed for each bird reared and liberated. This conservationists. Before the 1942 regulations were plan has been most successful in Indiana and has adopted, the Division of Fish and Game made an been a material factor in the improvement in hunt- exhaustive survey of hunting conditions during ing conditions. A similar plan is used for the the past season, the holdover stock of pheasants, propagation and stocking of quail by the clubs. the effect of winter on these birds and the condi- Pheasant hunting has developed into a major tions prevailing during the nesting season. field sport for thousands of Hoosiers in recent Open season dates were discussed by the State years, especially in the central and northern parts Conservation Advisory Committee in two sessions of the state, where these birds are usually found in as members of the committee reported recommen- greater numbers. Hunters have found the pheas- dations from their clubs. The decision to leave the ant an elusive quarry, difficult to locate and hard opening date of the season on November 10, the to hit when flushed. same as in past years, was in recognition of the In recent weeks supplemental reports to the Divi- opening of the quail and rabbit seasons on that sion of Fish and Game from conservationists, con- date by legislative enactment. It was felt that servation officers and sportsmen in all parts of delaying the opening of the pheasant season would Indiana have been most encouraging for some ex- result in confusion among the hunters and would ceptional pheasant hunting. The wide distribution deprive them of a chance to hunt pheasants on of these birds and the increased number reported Armistice Day, a holiday for many nimrods. from most counties is especially advantageous this The surveys conducted by the Division of Fish year as a result of war-time travel restrictions. and Game revealed that there was a good stock of Tire conservation and the rationing of gasoline pheasants, supplemented by the liberation of thou- will eliminate long hunting trips for most Hoosier sands of these popular game birds by the conserva- nimrods this fall, resulting in more short trips and tion clubs which had operated brooders. Propaga- the possible discovery that the hunting is just as tion of pheasants was initiated a number of years good near home as it was fifty or a hundred miles ago by the Division of Fish and Game to provide away.

OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page One War May Decrease Production of Strawberries in Hoosier Centers year increase followed by three Has Meant Cash Income of years of decrease. This is due turbingHE present shadow war, haswhose affected dis- Over Half-Million Dollars T undoubtedly to the fact that 1every phase of agriculture, in growers, after a year of good 3most cases resulting in a greatly Annually to State Growers increased production, has influ- prices, increase their plantings enced some of Indiana's agriculture in just the the next spring. These, of course, do not bear fruit opposite direction. Our state embraces a large until the following year. This increase in acreage, number of industries, not the least of which is the then, does not become evident until two years after production of small fruits. Strawberries are prices were favorable. In years of poor prices, the grown quite generally over the entire state, but opposite is truie. This tendency to overexpand the oldest and probably the largest single area is after good pricees and reduce operations after poor located in the hill country of Floyd, Clark and prices is also fofound in the production of livestock surroundingcounties. and other farming en- A great number of terprises, the length plantings in this area of the cycles depend- are inspected each ing upon how quickly year by the Division the average producer of Entomology of the can get into or out of Department of Con- the business. servation, this work Aside from the fact being carried on for that in accordance the purpose of safe- with the strawberry guarding the indus- cycle which would try by preventing in- have ordinarily pre- sofar as possible, the dicted a decrease dissemination of dis- in new strawberry eased and insect-in- plantings, three addi- fested plants. From tional factors have observations made aided in bringing during this past sum- about a further de- mer by inspectors crease. First, grow- working in this area Beautiful, big Aroma strawberries growing in a ers themselves, in it appears that the southern Indiana field. many cases, have ob- acreage of newly-set tained jobs in nearby plantings has been reduced by 50 or 60 per cent defense factorieses and do not have the time to spare under the acreage set a year ago. Of course, many required by strrawberry raising. Secondly, since one-year-old plantings are being held over so that the outlook for labor is particularly gloomy, many the crop in 1943 will probably not be reduced by growers hesitatete to cultivate a planting with the such a great amount. prospect of losiing a part, if not all, of their crop Mr. E. H. Matzen, in the July, 1941, issue of because of a shlortage of pickers. Thirdly, a very Hoosier Horticulture, writes concerning "The late, wet spriing discouraged many who might Strawberry Cycle" revealing that since 1925 there have set a pla:nting had the weather been more has been a somewhat regular cycle in strawberry favorable. acreage changes. Usually there has been a three- (Continued on Page 12)

Left-Ed Moser, Floyd Knobs, with a crate of prize Aroma strawberries.

Right - Federal-state inspector checks berries at Paoli shipping shed.

Page Two :: OUTDOOR INDIANA fa 1------.. -C-lli' -i-----4ii--l------P --" ----T-----

Even The Old Fisherman Is Telling Now, How the "Big Ones Got Away"

Cites His ExperieiIces and Those of that plug till only the Now,gittin' by cracky,awful tired I'm ing theend "Whoppers" of the plug was in of hearin' folks make Other Anglers in Los ing the "FWhoppers" its mouth. This was a cracks about the big fish long time afterward, that gits away, because it's the big ones that has too. Then they was a lot more minutes of excite- the weight and power to git away. That's how ment and then the bass jest started away and they got big-by gittin' away. never did stop and he got loose. That Indianapolis Now they is a feller that comes up to northern man come back to his fishin' gang but only showed Indiana every fall from Tennessee, and he says his middlin'-sized bass, sayin' nary a word about out loud and makes his brags that he can go out the big one that got away. But he had a brother with minners any day and troll over a certain place livin' thereabouts and he told the story to his in his favorite Indiana lake and he will ketch fish. brother and said: "By cracky, I didn't say nothin' He surely knows his fishin', that guy does. But he about it, because I've fished nigh onto fifty year loses the big ones, too. and ketched myself a lot of big bass and I tell you Back in the fall of '41 he was trollin' minners honest that was the biggest bass I ever did see." and him and his wife about had their limits of They was two Gary bass, and he hooked a big one and rassled him men that went fishin' around a long time and he didn't have any landin' in Indiana at a lake. net and finally his wife slid the oar out and he They was great pals tried to drag that big bass inboard up the boat oar and wouldn't fish to- and they both got a awful good look at it, and said gether; so they got its side was wide as a separate boats. One meat platter, and that fly fished; t'other bass give a big flop plug fished. The plug when it got laid on fisher got a smallish the boat oar and it bass, say two pound. gotaway. That musts Then he got into a been a whale of a rasslin' match with a bass. big one and lost it, I know a profes- but saved his plug. sional fisherman. Then he got into an- Anyhow he oughta be other big rassle right classed that way, see- away and some folks in' that he's workin' from a neighborin' fer a bait-makin' cottage come out and company. Well, he yelled to him what to knowed where they do, and he scrapped was some old stumps bass fer twenty Adolph H. Welker, Ft. Wayne, in the lake and he that demonstrates that Indiana minutes, and finally lakes still have fishing possi- kept messin' around that fish busted his bilities with these three large- there. The biggest mouth bass which he caught line and got away from Cal's Lake near Warsaw, bass he had would not with his plug. The big in August. go over four pounds ones is the kind that on that trip and he gits away. was lookin' fer old grandpappy. Well, he hooked Well, this feller's A. M. Tully, R. R. 2, Muncie, isS the old gent in the stump waters and that bass partner goes over shown with a six-pound large- partnergoes over mouth bass which he took at t twisted his line up in stumps faster than he could across the lake and Little Barbee Lake during aS untwist, and after about twenty minutes of that fly fishes fer bluegills vacation outing. It was theB caught t the bass got the upper hand of him and give a big and ketches a nice biggest bass he ever and provided some real thrillsS yank and busted his line and went away with his bunch, and don't have before it was landed. fishin' plug. That musta been a whale of a bass, no stringer, and cuts too, because that expert did not have much trouble a chunk of fishin' line to string the fish on, and i ketchin' the three-pounders and bigger. when he starts back he has sich big bluegills that They was a kind of heavy man and good-natured they busted that stringer and every one of 'em that come grinnin' up to the lakes from Indian- gits away, and all them two expert fishermen has apolis, and he hooked a big bass over a weed bed. is mournful tales and one two-pound bass. It's First time up to the boat that bass had his big the big ones that gits away. plug crossways in his mouth. If it wasn't a whale And it hain't always jest the bass er pike er of a big bass it sure had a whale of a big mouth. something like that. Now you can take me fer a Next time up, that bass had yanked and pulled (Continued on Page 12)

OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page Three 1942 FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS FOR HUNTING

WATERFOWL and le/he MIGRATORY BIRDS

IN INDIANA

DUCKS, GEESE, BRANT and COOT (except Ross's geese, Wilson's snipe or Jacksnipe, cranes, swans, and mourning or turtle doves) may be taken October 15 to December 23, both dates inclusive, between the hours of sunrise and sunset. RAILS, SORA and GALLINULES (except Coot) may be taken from September 1 to November 30, both dates inclusive, between the hours of sunrise and sunset. WOODCOCK may be taken from October 15 to October 29, both dates inclusive, between the hours of sunrise and sunset.

B3a 4 d Po sA.d io 2.Lmit. DUCKS: A daily bag limit of 10 in the aggregate except that the daily limit may not include more than three of any one or three in the aggregate of Redhead or Bufflehead ducks. Possession limit, except on the opening day, is 20 in the aggregate except that the limit may not include more than six of any .one or six in the aggregate of Redhead or Bufflehead ducks. GEESE and BRANT (except Ross's geese) : A daily bag limit of two in the aggregate with the addition of four Blue geese. If Blue geese only are taken, the daily bag limit is six. Possession limit except on the opening day, is four in the aggregate with the addition of two Blue geese. If Blue geese only are taken, the possession limit is six. RAILS and GALLINULES (except Sora and Coot) : A daily bag limit of 15 in the aggre- gate and a possession limit of 15 in the aggregate. SORA: A daily bag limit of 15 and a possession limit of 15. COOT: A daily bag limit of 25 and a possession limit of 25. WOODCOCK: A daily bag limit of four and a possession limit of eight.

Sunday hunting with firearms is prohibited in Indiana. Taking waterfowl by means of bait, or by the use of live duck or goose decoys is prohibited regardless of the distance between the bait or decoys and the hunter. Hunters may use shotguns not larger than 10-gauge or bows and arrows, but rifles are prohibited. Repeating shotguns must be plugged and not capable of holding more than three shells in the magazine and chamber combined. All persons over 16 years of age must carry an unexpired Federal Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp for 1942, validated by their signature, when hunting ducks, geese and brant. These stamps are issued at United States Postoffices upon payment of a $1.00 fee. All hunters, regardless of age, must possess and carry a 1942 Indiana hunting license, validated by their signature and must secure permission to enter upon the lands of another. Migratory game birds may be taken during the open season from land or water with the aid of a dog and from a blind or floating craft except a sinkbox, power or sailing craft or any craft propelled or towed by a power or sailboat, or by any aid of an automobile or aircraft. Use of horses, cattle, mules or livestock in taking migratory game birds is also prohibited.

Page Four :: O'JTDOOR INDIANA I_ _C____~ _~1_1______v77 %

Bergsons Enjoy Discovering Unusual Birds and Animals in State Parks Each Member of Fiamily Contributes with our bows and arrows, ONCEhear in people a while remark we to Identifying Unfamiliar Wildlife shooting stumps and hav- about the wonderful times ing a good time. Suddenly we Bergsons have had in seven ruffed grouse flew the state parks, and so we got to thinking it might across the ravine below us. We paused, thinking be a good thing to tell about how we had those we had frightened the birds, but we had not. We interesting adventures, especially those with wild heard a noise on the dry leaves, as some animal animals and birds. ran down the ravine. Then, suddenly, a gray fox Of course, we've got one advantage over some came into view. Evidently the fox was stalking families-we are a sort of self-sufficient unit. My the grouse and was frightened when it discovered wife, Prunes, is a pretty good naturalist in her way us. It moved. The birds flushed. We got to see and knows a good deal about the birds. My daugh- both the grouse and the fox. To us that was a real ter, Annabel, is always wanting to take photo- adventure. graphs or make sketches of things. Splidge, the Saw Large Raccoon young son, is a kid with plenty of imagination and One time we were strolling along a road in bright a little likely to grow too enthusiastic about what moonlight, and there, ahead of us, was a raccoon, we do and let his imaginings get ahead of the facts. going along at a sort of pacing walk with its back Now you can't just decide you are going out and arched. see a certain animal or bird and then go see that "Boy, I betcha it's a bear," exclaimed Splidge, particular species. The birds and animals may not and the animal hurried into the shadows. It was be there. You take what you get, but you always not a bear, but it was a very large raccoon. get something in the state parks-and it's well Once we got a great deal of excitement by lying worth the while. Sometimes it is something very on a slope and peeping over the top and watching small, too. But important to your enjoyment. wild geese. They were on that little lake in Lin- Camping in February coln State Park. Another time we got into a whole at that park and even Splidge kept I remember one time, in February, we had taken bevy of quail them very closely without our blankets and camped out in a summer cottage quiet and we followed them. The little birds would gossip to in the . We had been flushing sound entirely different from their there a few days and I needed a shave, and had a each other, a call. They must be great gossipers. pan of hot water and was shaving beside a window bobwhite watch out for tracks and they are where I could look right out at the trees. A little We like to parks where there is soft earth. bird walked out on the limb of a red oak, and then best found in the best times for them. I walked around the limb. I laughed at the queer Spring and fall are the once Splidge called to us. He had been thing. Then he went down the tree trunk head remember an unused Brown County State first. Then it got on the under side of a limb and tagging along on when we looked back he was bend- walked along. It was better than a circus, and was Park trail, and so busy and funny that I laughed out loud. I called ing over. it's a panther track," he said. Prunes and she looked and laughed, too, and ex- "I betcha and there was the track of a plained to me that the thing was "just a monkey- We all went back asked some of the park people shiner of a nuthatch." I had always been inter- very large cat. We bay lynx or bobcats in the park and ested in quail, pheasants and wild ducks, but after if there were there were not. But we Bergsons have that I got to looking at these nuthatches and they they said own conviction that they are present there certainly do go through a lot of antics. I had seen our seen. We have seen too many lynx them many times, but never paid any attention though never be fooled altogether by an ordinary cat till that morning when I was shaving. tracks to track. Some day someone will see one of those Some folk go to parks and never see a ruffed or bay lynxes and there will be great ex- grouse. Well, one time we were hunting stumps bobcats These wild cats are harmless, of course, and logs with our bows and arrows early in the citement. fall and were part way down from Weed Patch and very interesting. shelter house but off the trail where there were a Like the Wild Deer few old apple trees. Suddenly a big ruffed grouse We always get a great thrill from seeing a wild flew up from an old apple tree top. We had not deer. We never go to the animal displays; we take expected to see one, but there it was. Another our animals in the wild. And these Brown County time we were driving down the hill leading to Ogle deer are really wild ones. They are smart, too. It Lake in the Brown County State Park, and a ruffed is funny to us to spot a deer in a little clump of grouse was right in the road, dusting itself. sassafras, and then watch it as it stands perfectly Best of all was the time we saw seven grouse. still and stares at possibly a hundred park visitors We were coming up a backbone, just north of the who pass it. A wild deer will see a thousand per- blacktop road on the north slope of Weed Patch sons to one person who sees the animal. Hill. We were on Trail 3, ambling along quietly (Continued on Page 12)

OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page Five Seventy-five Boys Attend Annual 4-H Club Conservation Camp THE 1942 4-H Club Conserva- Forty Countiess Represented set out by Philip Stout. Philip tion Camp, held in July, at McCormick's Creek State bought small pine seedlings marked the seventh State Camp from the state nursery, set them of this sort held in Indiana. Park - Repor :t on Projects in transplant rows for two Seventy-five boys and ten adult years, and this spring planted leaders from forty counties attended this four-day a permanent windbreak west of the farm build- period of conservation training under State Con- ings. When finished, this fine windbreak will be servation Department leaders, Purdue specialists, several hundred feet in length, to shelter the farm and civilian defense workers. home in winter blizzards and add to the appear- Of the seventy-five boys present, many are out- ance the year round. standing junior leaders of conservation work in Though Keith Becker is expecting to join the their home communities. Two excellent group armed forces soon, he leaves a well organized projects, such as the Noble and Decatur County younger group to carry on. The club has as presi- programs, carried on by 4-H or Vocational Agri- dent Philip Lee Stout; secretary-treasurer, Don culture boys deserve special mention. Haas; and song leader, Lee Meyers. Members are For the Noble County group, Keith Becker and Paul Glass, Merlin Friskney, Lee Friskney, Don Philip Stout are the key men. Keith attended Con- Long, Don Bortner, Richard Fox, Bill Frick, Leon- servation Camp several years ago, and as a result ard Frick, and another Bill Frick. The boys are went home and organized the Noble County 4-H each placing an exhibit at the Kendallville fair this Forestry and Soil Conservation Club. In its fifth year, with special emphasis on wartime. year the club has fifteen active members, holds Decatur County boys aided conservation by do- monthly business and social meetings, and has a ing a big job of tree planting when no adult labor fine showing of practical work accomplished on was available. Early in March, Dr. Trevor Mor- the farms of rison of Greensburg received word of a shipment members and of 12,000 trees for his lake and conservation area neighbors. south of town. Through County Agent Hamilton, Examples of the Clarksburg Vocational Agriculture Group un- conservation der Earl Wilson was enlisted for two solid days at work accom- current labor rates. plished are the The class gained good experience, and planted fine classified a large area of gullied land to protect the lake and improved from erosion and silting injury. White, Scotch and woods of Keith red pines, black locust, yellow poplar and black Becker, and the walnut were planted, the first lot through four fine windbreak

Natural history specimens from the Museum at McCormick's Creek added interest to wildlife studies during the camp.

Page Six :: OUTDOOR INDIANA Col. Isaac Washington Brown Was Early Hoosier Conservationist

N EARLY half a century ThisThis isis the firstfirst ofof a series of stories agency in our country and as ago, when the writer of on pioneer conserveaptionists in Indiana a public benefactor he had this article was a knee-pants who, after years of ppublic service, have but few peers in our state's kid in the fourth grade of passe d on. history." school, the principal intro- That is what a Hoosier edi- duced a morning-exercises speaker as Colonel tor wrote to his Hoosier newspaper, and that just Brown, the bird and bee man. Colonel Brown then about tells the whole story. But there are details. gave the first conservation lecture that boy had For example, there is Val Zimmerman, who lived ever heard. backyard to backyard with Brown for many years. Years later, about 1912, the boy, then grown, He knew the man as naturalist, actor, chautau- met Colonel Brown again at Winona Lake, and qua lecturer, brother fraternity member, Helen the colonel led him to a telephone pole beside a Gould protege. But we'll take only one incident, dusty wagon trail in the park, and, though it was showing the colonel's instinct for acting. August, he pointed to a He had a loud voice, mother quail, sitting on the Colonel did. He went her nest at the base of down to Mudlavia, in the pole. He delivered a Warren County, where lecture on how the first a sanitarium plastered nest must have been de- folk with mud for the stroyed by predators or sake of their health, storms, and of how the and, under this treat- birds quit singing about ment of bathing, and August 1. with proper diet, re- Colonel Brown has laxation and sunshine, long been dead. He ex- made sick folk well pectedly quit his lectur- again. The Colonel ing in the month when looked the place over the birds quit their sing- and decided the resort ing, on August 24, 1914, needed purple martins, at Chicago. But his per- but he did not say so. sonality lives on and his He dramatized his peti- teachings have grown tion. This is what hap- and expanded and over- pened: flowed into all the land. A big crowd of guests His life was the inspira- was on the front porch. tion and one of the first The lawn made a stage. impulses toward a bet- Suddenly the Colonel ter knowledge and a appeared from the wing higher appreciation of of the stage. He doffed nature, from the tiny his big, broad hat. He hummingbird to the big slapped himself over the blue heron. The good shoulders and back. The effects of his life are Col. Isaac Washiln gton Brown, the audience observed in as- immeasurable. The late "Bird and Bee Man" tonished silence. Then Henry A. Barnhart, the Colonel said: congressman and publisher of the Rochester Sen- "Darn it, why don't you get rid of these mos- tinel, expressed the idea in a letter from Washing- quitoes?" (He said it, but the saying was audible ton to his newspaper. He wrote, in 1914: for hundreds of yards; he could speak in a big "Fifteen years ago bird life was being slaugh- chautauqua tent.) tered by thoughtless boys and men everywhere, The manager demanded how he could get rid of and birds' nests were being robbed and destroyed them. (Whether any mosquitoes had actually at- as pleasant pastime. Today bird life is not only tacked the Colonel no one has ever bothered to find protected by laws, but public sentiment is so out, but the lesson was a good one and the acting friendly to our feathered songsters that scarcely a was perfect.) hand is raised against them. What influence "Get purple martins," replied the Colonel. brought about this reverence for God in nature, "Where can I buy some purple martins?" asked this human regard for innocent life, this high esti- the manager, meekly, hopefully. Apparently he mate of the worth of birds as harbingers of hap- did not relish the show. piness and helpers in nature's blessings? Isaac "Buy 'em? Buy 'em?" spoke up the Colonel. Washington Brown inspired it more than any other (Continued on Page 15)

OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page Seven Lake and Stream Survey to Produce Better Fishing in Hoosier Waters

two owners of private lakes are of Fish and Cooperative Research Work THEGame, Division cooperating with In- Yields Interesting Data - cooperating by taking a volun- diana University, has again car- tary census. From all these it ried on a research program this Many Subjects Included will be possible to get better summer, to answer some of the answers to the elusive questions questions which fishermen are asking about In- concerning game fish production. diana fishing waters. This Lake and Stream Sur- vey is devoted to finding facts which will improve Fish Growth in Rivers, Ponds and Lakes fishing in Indiana. Both the fish themselves and Determining the growth of fish from their scales the waters they live in are being studied to find has been carried on in Indiana for some years now. the best management practices for maximum pro- Many fishermen of the state have collected scales duction. Several more or less distinct lines of in- and have received reports on the age of their fish. vestigation are being followed. Recently it was possible to prepare a report com- Productive Capacity of Our Lakes paring growth rates of bluegills and sunfish in more than forty lakes. This tells "how the fish are do- How many pounds of fish does Blank Lake pro- ing" in each lake, and assists in determining a duce each year ? How many pounds can it produce ? proper stocking policy. Is it being overfished now, or can the amount of However, there are more than 500 sizable lakes fishing safely be increased? These are questions in Indiana, and information is needed on the blue- of deepest interest to every fisherman in Indiana. gills in some more of But they are not easy questions to answer. Take them. This is particu- the first one-how many fish are actually being larly true of artificial caught now. On a lake lakes, of which only a of a hundred acres, ex- few have been studied perienced fishermen so far. In addition to will give estimates this, there are other anywhere from 500 to kinds of fish, such as 10,000 pounds. The bass, crappies, red- only way to find the eared sunfish and oth- truth is to actually ers, for few of which weigh the fish as they there are adequate are removed through- scale collections from out the summer. A many lakes, as yet. census of this kind has Even sparser are the been tried, so far, only scale collections from Measuring a crappie before it on small lakes, but the river fish. Materials is marked and released. results are already are being collected on very informative. but the Bluegill caught in a gill net is all of these, marked as a part of the popu- Last year the Lake and Stream Survey made a process is slow, and it lation count. fishing census of a 42-acre lake which is probably may be a few years be- more heavily fished than are most lakes of its size. fore reports can be prepared on some of them. It yielded almost exactly a ton of fish, or 48 pounds Here is a place where each fisherman can help per acre. At the same time it was discovered that directly, by collecting scales from his own fish. only about a third of the number of legal fish It is better to collect scales from a couple of dozen present in the lake at any one time was caught out fish from one water, than only one or two from a during the year. To see if there is sufficiently large number of waters. For rates of growth vary rapid growth in the lake to make up the loss by so much that single fish do not give any good idea fishing, the census was repeated this year. The of average growth. Envelopes can be obtained catch, in midseason, seemed about the same as last from the Division of Fish and Game, which are year, so there is no evidence that the stock is being used to preserve the scales and record depleted. information concerning them. Of course Indiana lakes vary a great deal, and the picture may be quite different elsewhere. Red-eared Sunfish Accordingly summer fish censuses are being made on two other lakes. These lakes differ in the kinds Indiana has become celebrated as the home of a of game fish present, in the abundance of coarse northern race of red-eared sunfish, which in the fish, in clarity of their water, in quantity of vege- South is called the shellcracker. Found naturally tation, and in other ways. What effect these dif- in some Hoosier lakes, it has recently been spread ferences will have upon the yield of fish will be into many others by distribution from our Fish known when the census is completed. In addition, (Continued on Page 16)

Page Eight :: OUTDOOR INDIANA - -=-T

Water Resources to Be Located by Electrical Resistivity Surveys MosT of Indiana's public Equipment Secured by Division which are connected with water supply is fur- of Geology Will Aid Cities and the instrument are equally nished with ground water spaced in a straight line which occurs below the sur- Industrial Plants - Other Uses along the ground. An electric face of the ground at vary- current from the instrument ing depths and under different conditions. Ground is then passed into the ground between the two water is also the source of supply for much of the outer electrodes. As the electric current passes state's industrial and domestic needs where public through the ground there is a drop in voltage from water supplies are not available. one point to another due to the resistance of the The most accessible occurrence of ground water material penetrated. This drop in voltage is meas- is in the more porous sand and gravel beds found ured between the two inner electrodes. After the in the glacial drift and stream deposits. Where values of the current and the voltage drop are sand and gravel deposits determined, the resistance are exposed at the surface, of the material through the material is mined and which the current has used for road and building passed is calculated. materials. Buried sand Measurements are re- and gravel deposits below peated with different spac- the water table are satu- ing of the electrodes which rated with ground water in turn give the resistance and not only afford reser- values of the material at voirs of water but usually different depths. From have large enough parti- these data the resistance cles to permit flowage into of the material at regular a well when it is pumped. depths from the surface These buried sand and of the ground down to bed- gravel deposits have been rock is determined for successfully located by each station. Knowing the means of electrical earth general resistance range resistivity surveys made of clay, sand, gravel, etc., by scientific organizations Control panel from wlhicch readings are taken. the type of material at dif- which have carried on re- ferent depths at each sta- search investigations in this field. Electrical earth tion on the survey is determined. From this infor- resistivity surveys are based on the principle that mation the favorable waterbearing deposits within clay, and glacial till, are less resistant to the pas- the area of the survey are outlined and the location sage of an electric current than sand and gravel. for drilling is recommended. As the water-bearing sand and gravel deposits are The Illinois Geological Survey has successfully found only in glacial drift and alluvium, just the employed this method of locating ground water material above bedrock is tested. supplies for municipalities and industries in Illi- In making a resistivity survey four electrodes (Continued on Page 13)

Equipment set up in the field for a test.

OUTDOOR INDIANA " " Page Nine , pl,

Part of the crowd attending the dedication exercises. Records Fall at Shakamak Meet with National Title-Holders Competing

S WIMMING and diving rec- Dedication of Modern Beach Featuring the opening day ords of previous years and Bathhouse Opened Two- was the dedication of the new went into the discard at Shak- n bathing beach and the bath- amak State Park in August Day, All-Star Aquatic Event house, completed a few weeks when the eighth annual swim- earlier after almost two years ming and diving championships were staged with of work. Presentation of the improvements was an all-star list of more than two hundred entries made by Hugh A. Barnhart, director of the Depart- from a dozen states. Competition was exception- ment of Conservation, in a short address, during ally keen in almost every one of the thirty-six which he paid tribute to the late Martin Goshorn, events staged during the two-day meet. who had served as a member of the State Conser-

Left-Attorney-General Beamer speaks at the dedication.

Below - Margaret Reingold "broadcasts" as Mayor William Slough, Jasonville, presents the championship sweater and Di- rector Sanders holds the "mike."

Right-Sammy Lee and Miller Anderson in one of their exhi- bition dives from the 10-meter platform.

Page Ten :: OUTDOOR INDIANA

I------I --~------I~

Night (above) and day views of the championship swimming course and diving tower.

vation Commission and had been superintendent meter platform. In addition to participating in of Shakamak State Park for eight years. J. W. the titular event, Miss Reingold joined with Hostetler of Jasonville Sammy Lee, newly-crowned men's National A. accepted the improve- A. U. platform diving champion, and Miller An- ment on the part of the derson, runner-up to Lee, in a series of exhibition people of the state, while George Beamer, attorney-general of In- diana, 'represented Governor Henry F. Schricker, in accepting the improvements for the state. The 1942 meet was distinguished by hav- ing the National A. A. U. Women's Platform Diving event added to the program, the first time that a National A. A. U. event had been Finish of a swimming race. Inset-James Lenny, 11-year-old assigned to Shakamak. contestant, who traveled from East St. Louis by himself. Miss Margaret Rein- gold, Lakeland, Flor- dives which brought round after round of ap- Margaret Reingold. ida, runner-up in this plause from the enthusiastic audience of approxi- event for the past two mately five thousand spectators. The diving events years, was unopposed and was awarded the title and other highlights of the meet were recorded after presenting a series of dives from the 10- (Continued on Page 14)

Steve Kenney, Tarboro, S. C., receives the Sammy Lee, left, and Miller Anderson Joan Fogle, Indianapolis, gets a award for the youngest contestant traveling with the trophies presented after their National Junior award after her the greatest distance, from Bill Walters II. platform diving exhibition. victory.

OUTDOOR INDIANA :; Page Eleven War May Decrease Production Bergsons Enjoy Parks (Continued from Page 2) (Continued from Page 5) The Clark County berry country has been fa- People wonder how we have such good times and mous for its raspberries and strawberries for many find so many adventures. Perhaps this will give years. It is reported that around 1875 two enter- you a few hints. Sometimes we go for only a day prising young farmers in the Borden hill country or a few hours. Sometimes we have gone for days, of Clark County, one William Fordyce and one before the rush of war work. But always we have Bernard Roerk, began growing red raspberries for found something, in any park we visited, to make commercial profit and found that the soil in this the trip well worth the while. We like to travel. area was well adapted to their growth. A few In fact, we have visited some of the biggest parks years later John and Emery Fisher began the cul- in North America; but we are always glad to come tivation of strawberries and by 1893 they and back home and see, once again, our typical lakes others had good, producing plantings. Prices were and streams and native trees and shrubs, and espe- good and that year definitely established this crop cially to watch the wild birds and animals. There as a permanent and profitable commodity with the is nothing anywhere to surpass the Indiana state farmers, especially in the upland, where the cleared parks. acreage suitable for cropping is limited. From that date the growth of the industry was rapid and has since spread over several counties. Even The Old Fisherman Tells (Continued from Page 3) Marketed Cooperatively terribul example. I like to ketch bluegills with In the early days berries were marketed on con- flies-big bluegills that bend your rod double and signment, being shipped by express mostly to Chi- snort and do everything but jump outa the water cago, with lesser amounts going to Indianapolis and growl at you. Boy, that's fun. and Lafayette and later when red raspberries, were Well, my leader was gittin' kinda old, and so I grown extensively, the crop was sold "on the took time out to peel off a new one about nine feet street," buyers from commission houses bidding long and it was three-pound test so the wet flies I on each lot and shipping them from Borden station used would look natural like and the 'gills would by the trainloads-"Raspberry Specials." Since not see the leader. Well, sir, I was ketchin' blue- those days, the red raspberry has given way to gills more'n nine inches long by the ruler and the strawberry and in the '20's Berry Grower havin' a lot of fun and I jest got to thinkin' about Cooperative Associations were organized. Hav- how queer it was that in all my fishin' I'd never ing passed through the stage of internal strife had a fish hit the fly so abrupt, sudden and em- experienced by most young cooperative organiza- phatic that it would bust the leader. I was mar- tions, the present associations point with pride to velatin' over this phenomenon and thinkin' of the their strength and the loyalty of their member- time when a smallmouth smashed my son's fly and ship. They are now serving as the marketing jest went away from there with the fly and part agencies for the strawberry, raspberry and black- of the leader, and thinkin' I must be a lot smarter berry crops. In the southern part of the state fisherman than some of these guys. there are five associations, one each in Orange, Dubois, Clark, Floyd and Washington Counties. Didn't Pull Loose Indiana's average strawberry yield of 73 24- Well, sir, jest then a big two-tonner of a bluegill quart crates per acre compares favorably with the rises right up at the edge of the spatterdocks and United States average of 66 crates per acre in the smacks his lips at a bug the way you fishermen very early states, 59 crates per acre in the second have all heard 'em do, and I jest laid a nifty cast early states, and 66 crates per acre in the interme- over there, the fly settlin' down and sinkin' right diate states. These figures are the average yield where that fish come up. They was a terriful com- during the 10-year period from 1931 to 1940. Of motion under the water and that bluegill jest went twenty states listed in the above groups, only back in the pads and I thought he had pulled loose Washington with 75 crates, New York with 81 because I felt the tug and strain. I cast two or crates, and New Jersey with 87 crates per acre three times before I found out they wasn't no fly have a higher average yield than Indiana. on the end of that there leader. Which jest goes to show that I wasn't'so terribul smart after all Income Nearly a Million Dollars and that these bluegills has got a lot of power to Strawberries in Indiana have accounted for an bust a new three-pound leader like that. I'm still average annual income of nearly $600,000 to an callin' that bluegill a two-tonner and nobody can average of 3,000 farmers during the past ten years. prove different. If the 3,400 acres harvested in 1942 yielded an You can go to any crick or river, or to any lake average of 100 crates per acre (as early reports in this state and you'll hear the stories about the indicated was probable) and the 340,000 crates big ones that gits away. And don't git it into your sold at an average of about $2.65 per 24-quart head that it's all fiction-by cracky, it's the truth. crate (this is merely an estimate and not official), It's the big ones that gits away. They have the the approximately 3,500 farmers must have had a weight and power. I could relate you a lot more gross income of a little over $900,000 this year. stories to prove the point.

Page Twelve :: OUTDOOR INDIANA - - .------. . -- T -7 .-...

The two views of a bridge recently completed on Road 48, east of Jasonville, indicate how state highway workers are meeting wartime construction problems.

Use Salvage Materials to Construct Bridge on State Highway Extension U SE of salvage material for Demonstrates How Wartime state highway maintenance construction of bridges Construction Problems Are workers in the Vincennes dis- on state highways is making trict. When this road was possible improvement work Being Met on State System taken over by the State High- which could not be carried on way Commission, it was found otherwise due to the wartime restriction on steel that the existing bridge was in bad condition. The and other critical materials normally employed on new structure, shown above, is 32 feet long and such structures. A number of such "war" bridges has a 24-foot roadway. It was constructed on con- have been completed in Indiana and others are crete footings for the abutments and piers. Creo- planned to meet emergency needs on highways soted railroad ties, salvaged after the rails had which are not classified as military routes and for been removed, were employed for the bents, sal- which new steel and other critical materials can- vaged "I" beams were used for stringers, and a not be obtained. creosoted wood floor was laid on the stringers. Pictured here is a bridge completed recently on It is anticipated that the bridge will serve traffic a new section of Road 48, east of Jasonville, by needs during the emergency.

Water Resources to Be Located of ground water supplies throughout Indiana. (Continued from Page 9) Through this service, which will be made upon nois and the Survey is now engaged in locating request and is rendered free of charge, the Depart- ground water supplies for ordnance plants and ment of Conservation will assist in the location of agencies engaged in the war effort. water supplies for ordnance plants, various schools With the lowering of the water table due to in the War Department, industries engaged in the droughts and increased demands on our water war effort, and municipalities needing new or addi- supplies, the development of new ground water tional water supplies. supplies is greatly needed in many areas in the The electrical resistivity instrument has also State of Indiana. been used to determine the depth to bedrock where The Department of Conservation, Division of this information was needed for highway con- Geology, is inaugurating a program of using elec- struction. Also, it is used to outline areas of com- trical resistivity surveys to assist in the location mercial sand and gravel deposits.

OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page Thirteen

L - -- Records Fall at Shakamak Shakamak Open Women's 200-Meter Free Style--Betty Bemis, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, (Continued from Page 11) 2: 43. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Lois Wenzel, Shawnee Country Club, by cameramen for four newsreel organizations, Chicago, Ill., 2:47.6, in 1940.) another recognition of the national reputation held Another New Record by the Shakamak meet as the outstanding outdoor Shakamak Open Men's 400-Meter Free Style-Jack Hill, Ohio aquatic event of the middle west. Following the State, 5:12.9. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Rene close of the 1942 meet, plans were inaugurated by Chouteau, Yale University, 5:16.4, in 1940.) National Women's Senior Platform Diving, Ten Meters- Indiana A. A. U. officials and representatives of Margaret Reingold, Lakeland, Fla., unattached. (Unop- the Department of Conservation for bringing the posed.) National A. A. U. Shakamak Open Girls' 100-Meter Breaststroke-Anne Hen- meet to Shakamak in 1943 if son, Tarboro, N. C., 1:40.1. (New Shakamak record. Old war conditions permit the holding of such an event. mark by Patsy Brogan, Hoosier Athletic Club, Indianapolis, The 1942 meet was again staged by the Depart- 1:43.7, in 1940.) Shakamak Open Boys' Twelve and Under, 50-Meter Free ment of Conservation with the cooperation of the Style-Gene Clark, Tarboro, N. C., :36.6. Jasonville Industrial Bureau, of which W. A. Shakamak Open Men's 200-Meter Breaststroke-James Coun- Oeffier is president and "Bill" Walters is chairman silman, Ohio State, 2:53. Shakamak Open Women's 300-Meter Relay-Riviera Club of the Shakamak Swimming Committee. The meet (Betty Bemis, Joan Fogle and Mary Ann Walts), 4:20.1. was directed by W. Leo Sanders with Paul R. Jor- Shakamak Open Men's Three-Meter Springboard Diving- dan, president Floyd Stauffer, Olympic Beach and Pool Club, Columbus, of the Indiana Association of the Ohio, 135.50 points. A. A. U., and other members of the association Shakamak Open Men's 300-Meter Individual Medley-James serving as officials. Counsilman, Ohio State, 4:26. National Junior Women's 100-Meter Breaststroke - Joan These officials, coaches of the competing teams Fogle, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 1:32.6. and contestants gave their enthusiastic approval to Shakamak Open Boys' 150-Meter Medley Relay-St. Louis the improvements at Shakamak. Athletic Club (Heidemen, Mueller and McKenna), 1:51.4. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Hoosier Athletic Shakamak Swim Champs for 1942 Club, Indianapolis, 1:57.4, in 1940.) Shakamak Shakamak Open Men's 800-Meter Free Style-Jack Hill, Ohio Open Women's 100-Meter Free Style--Betty Bemis, State, 11:03.1. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Rene Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 1:11.6. (New Shakamak Chouteau, Yale University, 11:26.5, in 1940.) record. Old mark by Ann Hardin, Lakeside Club, Louis- Shakamak Open Women's 400-Meter Free Style Betty ville, Ky., 1:15.5, in 1938.) Bemis, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 5:45.2. (New Shakamak National Junior Men's 10-Meter Platform Diving-Floyd record. Old mark by Lois Wenzel, Shawnee C. C., Chicago, Stauffer, Olympic Beach and Pool Club, Columbus, Ohio, Ill., 6:00.4 in 1940.) 112.76 points. Shakamak Shakamak Open Men's 100-Meter Backstroke-James Coun- Open Women's 150-Meter Individual Medley Re- silman, Ohio State, 1:16.5. lay-Joan Fogle, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 2:09.6. Shakamak Open Shakamak Open Women's 100-Meter Backstroke--Joan Men's 200-Meter Free Style-Jack Hill, Ohio State, 2:24.3. Fogle, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 1:22.3. New Shakamak record. Old mark by Joan Fogle, 1:26.7, in 1940.) Shakamak Open Boys' 100-Meter Breaststroke--Bill Car- rithers, Vincennes, Ind., Y. Shakamak Open Boys' 100-Meter Free Style-Jim McKenna, M. C. A., 1:33. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Bruce Reep, Missouri Athletic Club, St. Louis, Mo., 1:00.1. (New Shak- Vincennes "Y," 1:34.8, in 1940.) amak record. Old mark by David Jordan, Lakeside Club, Louisville, Ky., 1:16.1, in 1940.) National Junior Women's 400-Meter Relay-Chicago Lake Shore Club (Wilson, J. Wilson, Colley Shakamak Open Girls' 100-Meter Free Style-Ruby Hudson, and Burke), 5:17.9. Shakamak Tarboro City (N. C.) Swimming Club, 1:21.6. Open Women's 200-Meter Breaststroke--Joan Fogle, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 3:30.8. Shakamak Open Men's 200-Meter Breaststroke - James National Counsilman, Ohio State, 3:03.6. Junior Men's 150-Meter Medley Relay--Indiana University (LeBerteaux, Vogel and McCool), Shakamak Open Girls' 50-Meter Free Style-Sue Gastineau, 1:37.1. Indianapolis, unattached, 37.5. Shakamak Open Women's 200-Meter Backstroke - Betty Bemis, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 2:59.1. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Joan Fogle, Riviera Club, 3:07.2, in 1940.) Shakamak Open Men's 100-Meter Breaststroke -- James Counsilman, Ohio State, 1.13. (New American record. Old mark by Counsilman, 1:15.3, in 1941.) Shakamak Open Women's 100-Meter Breaststroke -- Joan Fogle, Riviera Club, Indianapolis, 1:32.5. Shakamak Open Women's 3-Meter Springboard Diving-Mar- garet Reingold, Lakeland, Fla., unattached. Shakamak Open Girls' 150-Meter Medley Relay-Tarboro, N. C., City Swimming Club (Henson, Kinney, Moore), 2:05.8. National Junior Women's 100-Meter Free Style-Jeanette Colley, Lake Shore Athletic Club, Chicago, 1:14.3. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Ann Hardin, Lakeside, Louisville, 1:15.5, in 1938.) Shakamak Open Girls' 100-Meter Backstroke-Ruby Hudson, Tarbara City (N. C.) Swimming Club, 1:36.8. Shakamak Open Boys' 100-Meter Backstroke-Ray Schakel, Indianapolis, unattached, 1:21.2. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Warren Bogard, Hoosier A. C., 1:28.4, in 1940.) National Junior Men's 800-Meter Relay-Downtown Y. M. C. A., St. Louis (Deppe, Vierhellor, Classen, Straub), 10:20.4. (New Shakamak record. Old mark by Ft. Wayne Y. M. C. A., 11:20.0, in 1940.) Charles Dierking (left), secretary of the Aurora Fish and Shakamak Open Men's 100-Meter Free Style-Robin Middle- Game Association, is ready for a coon hunt with his favorite man, Milwaukee, Wic., A. C., 1:02.8. (New Shakamak rec- dog, Jack. Posed with him is Miss Dolores Drew, majorette of ord. Old mark by Jack Carney, South Bend A. C., South the Aurora High School Band and secretary of the Coon Dog Bend, 1:04.8.) Field Trial held Sept. 20 by the Aurora Club. Also shown are Shakamak Open Boys' 200-Meter Free Style Relay-Tarboro four thousand pieces of mail sent out in connection with the City (N. C.) Swimming Club (Jokins, Hart, Fountain and 1942 trials. One-third of the receipts from the trials went Clark), 2:20.1. into war funds.

Page Fourteen :: OUTDOOR INDIANA _ I__ ~ _~

Col. Brown Was Early Conservationist toured the western wheat fields to report on crop (Continued from Page 7) futures to "Old Hutch," then king of the Chicago "God grain market. His friends and his descendants Almighty does not sell his song birds. Put do not completely up martin houses and you'll have 'em and they will explain him. And why should eat up all these confounded they? It is enough to know that when Colonel mosquitoes." Brown Mudlavia got martin houses right away began crying in that wilderness of destruc- quick- tion and martins, too, of course. And if there were any half a century ago, he rapidly changed the mosquitoes about, the martins ate them. public attitude toward wildlife. The idea of con- servation Acting, you say? Yes, it was took the place of the savage and heedless acting. But it was impulse impressive. The Colonel was always impressive. of destruction. It was from Colonel Brown that we He was impressive when at sixteen he ran away learned that "God does not sell his song from his Carroll County home, where he birds," nor his wild ducks, nor his fish nor his was born rabbits and raccoons. May 27, 1848, to join the 135th Indiana Infantry regiment and do his bit in the war of the states. He was impressive as a broker on the Chicago exchange. He was so impressive that he attracted the attention of Helen Gould and was financed in his lectures about the United States. He was im- pressive and a showman when he substituted at the then famous chautauqua at Owensboro, Ken- tucky, and stole the show despite the handicap of being a substitute. He was always impressive when he gave his lecture, "The Bridal Trip of a Blue- bird." Was Chautauqua Speaker His showmanship, his dignity, This buffalo fish was taken with an artificial bait from his ability to put Greenfield Bayou near Terre Haute, when M. 0. Campbell an idea over with his audience, caused the citizens of that city was casting with an artificial bait. The fish of Rochester to put him on the road as a chautau- is not large for a buffalo, 5/4 pounds, but it is seldom one is taken with an artificial lure. Holding the fish is Sharon, qua speaker before Helen Gould ever heard of him. daughter of Mr. Campbell. A committee met and went over a folder written by Val Zimmerman. The committee even went Seventy-five Boys Attend Camp into details and arranged for him to wear his (Continued from Page 6) famous cutaway coat. With his beard and his height and dignity, he was a great figure on the inches of soft snow which covered the ground on platform in those days when chautauquas were March 31st. the custom and the inspirers of thought. The boys in this group were David Power, Ken- Mary Emma Brown, his wife, known in Roches- neth Wallpe, William Denvert, Carl Walter, Lloyd ter as Grandma Brown, died in 1937, when eighty- Corbin, Robert Metz, Richard Donald, Robert eight years old, and she lived to be present when Hamilton, William Nesbit, Edward Denning, Paul the Indiana Audubon Society erected a monument Stagg, and Howard Richardson. in the Rochester cemetery. Other fine conservation work in wildlife, soil How fitting that monument is. It is a gla- conservation, entomology and forestry was re- cial boulder - granite, reddish brown - probably ported at camp this year, but space permits no weighing tons. One surface is faced, and on the details. The boys learn from a fine staff of leaders, face is a tablet with these words: including such men as H. F. Mosbaugh, Director "1848-1914. Erected and dedicated by the In- of the Division of Fish and Game, and T. E. Shaw, diana Audubon Society and friends in loving mem- Acting State Forester. Other leaders included: ory of Isaac Washington Brown, known over the Howard Michaud and Miss Edna Banta, Park United States as 'the bird and bee man.' He trav- Naturalists; William B. Barnes and Ralph Plumb, eled by various methods all over the country and Pittman-Robertson workers; George McCullough, spread the gospel of bird protection which has biologist, Minneapolis; Russ Johann, State Fire been of untold sentimental and economic benefit to Marshal's office; Mr. Lung, Fisheries Department; mankind. Erected 1931." and James Peneton, Assistant State Forester. From Purdue came W. O. Mills, Gordon Fredine, Taught Conservation in Schools J. L. VanCamp, R. O. Cole, J. J. Davis, Glen Lehker Thousands of school children, now gray or bald and W. R. Amick, the latter having acted as Camp or dead, got their first idea of conservation from Director for the seventh straight year. V. G. Moser Colonel Brown, and spread it onward by an occa- of Selma and Glendon Sears of Grant County were sional remark, or example, or attitude toward wild assistant directors, with Earl Wilson, Bert Brink- things. Later thousands more heard his great erhoff, Walter Zronning, Forest VanPelt, Emery chautauqua lectures. Whence came his original Harrison and Sheldon Irish as Adult Leaders. idea, no one knows. Perhaps it came from his own Boys are doing men's work in these war times, observation, or sentiment, or love of nature. Others and conservation is the stronger for these junior say he first observed the birds at work when he workers in improving every natural resource.

L OUTDOOR INDIANA :: Page Fifteen. Lake and Stream Survey mine exactly what fish occur here and what is their (Continued from Page 8) distribution, county by county. This year work Hatcheries. As yet it has not become as abundant was carried on principally in central and south- as the familiar bluegill, and in some lakes it is still western Indiana. Two new fishes, unknown here- not often taken. Fishermen who like the fat, meaty tofore in the state, have already been discovered. red-ear, or who simply enjoy variety in their worm fishing, are asking why the red-ear is not caught Barren Marl in Lakes more often. Are they really common, but just Some of Indiana's northern lakes are reverting don't bite as well as bluegills? Or are there some from a weedy to a barren condition, apparently lakes not well suited to them, where they cannot owing to an accumulation of marl on the bottom, become numerous? If so, is it because some neces- which is deposited by the plants themselves. This sary food is scarce ? process, if carried too far, might seriously reduce Answers for these and similar questions are be- the capacity of a lake to produce game fish. For ing sought in a general study of the red-ear, started in among the vegetation the insects on which fish this year. The initial work is mostly being done on feed are far more numerous than on bare marl a Steuben County lake, where red-ears have been bottoms. No one wants a lake to be choked with noted for their apparent abundance and for their weeds, for that makes swimming and boating diffi- large size. Later, comparisons will be made with cult, and may eventually hinder fishing. On the other lakes. other hand, reasonable weed growth is thought to improve fish production. Survey of Indiana's Fishes To see what barren marl lacks in the way of There has never been a comprehensive survey of plant nutrients, and to see how the lack can best Indiana's fishes, such as has been carried out in be remedied is the purpose of another Lake and some neighboring states. To supply this lack, the Stream Survey research project. It is quite pos- Lake and Stream Survey has systematic collections sible that some simple and inexpensive treatment in progress, which are now in their third year. will be found practical and can be used wherever Collections are made throughout the state to deter- necessary.

Earl Stephens (left), Osgood, and Ray McNew, Ripley, West Virginia, are shown with a 12- pound blue catfish which they caught in the lake at Milan.

John H. Gividen, Fort Wayne, a member of the Berne Con- Thurman C. Crook, South servation Club, was happy Bend, landed this 4-pound as the picture shows, when he largemouth while fishing in 3 landed this 4 /4-pound large- Lake Bruce in Fulton County, Bill Gruppe, Hobart, holds a Robert Minch, 13, R. R. 4, mouth bass while fishing at and is an ardent booster for string of silver bass taken at Marion, was proud of this Clear Lake. Indiana fishing. Shafer Lake. 7V4-pound blue catfish.

Page Sixteen :: OUTDOOR INDIANA Conservationists "Carry On" have taken active parts in all community pro- grams, contributing to making Much has been said about the responsibilities of that community the folks who remain at home while their sons and and the state a better place in which to live. brothers are fighting the war on land, on sea, and With the outbreak of the war the conservation in the air. That responsibility must include the organization throughout the state immediately conservation of the natural resources which are swung into action. The services of the clubs such a large part of Indiana and which are a part and their members were tendered to Governor of the way of life for which this war is being fought. Schricker. Many thousands of dollars of club funds The conservation clubs and similar organiza- have been invested in war bonds and stamps, the tions throughout Indiana have sent thousands of clubs have been active in all war activities and their members into the armed forces, assuming the their members are leaders in all war programs. responsibility of carrying on the activities of the clubs until those members come home. Twenty- five years ago, when thousands of Hoosiers also Department of Conservation marched away to war, there was no definite natural resource conservation program operating in Indi- ana. There was no network of conservation clubs or program of club activities. The following employees of the Depart- Now there is a widespread appreciation of In- ment of Conservation are now in the armed diana's natural resources as a wartime as well as services of the United States: a peacetime asset and a determination that the con- servation of these resources not be neglected in the Division of Fish and Game stress of war. Laurence Rolli Alvin Shank Rodger Higgins Ernest Clauser The Hunting Season John Schlagenhauf Omer Swisher Paul Risser Everett Fry A few more weeks will bring the beginning of Edgar Bennett Eldon Clark the open season on pheasants, quail and rabbits in George Miller Wain Westfall Indiana, affording opportunities for outdoor rec- Wilbur Alberding Gene Wilson reation and relaxation to thousands of Hoosiers Don F. Bline Maurice Rooves John Walkey Henry Ernsburger who will welcome a chance to get away temporarily Ralph Brinneman from their normal activities. It is not too early to remind these hunters that Division of State Parks in the enjoyment of their sport they have certain Carl Jeffries Eddie Valentine responsibilities. They must carry a license, the Clyde O'Neal Ross Hamilton fee which they pay providing the funds for the Lloyd Rayhill Loyd Wampler Newton Yost Wyatt Mier improvement of hunting in Indiana; they must James Krieger Max Stark obtain permission to hunt on the lands of another Ralph Hough Richard Fetters and when that permission is given they must give Tom Cravens John Knapp the same consideration to the owner of the land as Cecil L. Cox Roger Truville they would expect if conditions were reversed; Division of Forestry and, they cannot be real sportsmen if they kill or Waldimar Hanson Cornell Kemper attempt to kill everything that they see. Henry A. Beadell Theodore Davis Donald Wilson Paul A. Yost Autumn in Indiana Charles Martin Robert Spain Brilliant autumn foliage will soon flame over the Division of Geology wooded hills of southern Indiana, heralding the end John R. Harris Willis L. Smith of summer and the approach of winter. It is a spectacle which in recent years has drawn thou- Division of Engineering sands of motorists to Brown County and other Harold L. Ballard Claude Coyne areas in the southern part of the state. This year Denzil Doggett with tire rationing and the emergencies of war, Division of Entomology many Hoosiers will be unable to enjoy their annual James Clark pilgrimages for the first time, but it is expected that many of them will include at least one such Conservation Officers outing in their preparations for dark winter days. Larkin Ferguson Charles White James Hughes Albert Watson War Activities Carl Laker Paul Mitchell Ted Overholser Manfred Lamont Hoosier conservationists in recent years have Vincent Silver Aden Meeks not limited themselves to activities which were Edward Snamen directly a part of the conservation program. They -. i '_'! T-

+rr

b ? "I- i~i r .-e6:, Playground the Mi dlewest

Public ~ te in Chalarge of m0- Lh $S p . t+2111. F i' the Dep nent of Con-2 2

set nation. Vr

1. McCormick's Cteeli'Stat e Park. '-2:.7 2. . .~ Aube0 3. Muscatatuck State Park . 10 ~ L 4. . 5. Indiana Dunes State tar rk. 25" 6. . 7. Clark County State Forrest and i ". Nursery. 8. Kankakee State Game IPreserve. /119 $. 1, ,O 1 "1 "'ro7 9. Brown County State Ga.me *..-16 Preserve. 331.ad 2 10. Bass Lake State Fish H[atchery. ~ ^ ;~~~~sB ~ )~; I~~I CI Wawasee State Fish Haitchery. o 38 12. Tri-Lakes State Fish Hahatchery. e sbu 13. 'Riverside State Fish.Hatchery. Avoca State Fish Hatcheery. IS

15. Deamn Oak. .. 16@ nlu 3,n4 .. n Tippecanoe Battlefield. 16. Corydon State Capitol. orial. 6 F. D. Lanier Men 18.1*4. James 19. Nancy Hanks Lincoln M

20. Shakamak State Park. 7 o13

13 31+ 6pF 11 17.21. . nPreserve o 5 w 1 1 22. Pigeon Roost Memorial. 23. ,The 24. Morgan-Monroe State F forest. r25. Jasper-Pulaski State Ga~me 21 Preserve. 26. Brown County State Par k. ir Fr , n8..=23 0 4 27. Harrison County State F'orest. a 6 orest." - C11 " a rs Ae 2 lanes 1C - 28. Jackson County State F Forest. dda - r« 9 a 4 nX3 , . cR y 1. v.1191 110C"E 29. Martin County State Fo 50 25 9 11 11re ~I 30. Scales Lake State Forest . e~'rest. oral. "k. .n q 31. rInim 6Acrnl' EMS!J7ECr 6'7 0 . 32. Bass Lake Beach. NS 3.3. Salamonie River State I 34. Wells County State Gan emeP1724e 1 and Forest. 38 35: 'S ow:l.. ,< I nwn,1 4 bwnG xi uo~rn ."Nwe Lincoln State Park. w.Nb ' 35. athr. ;5 u.+NaRI ' ,, 8'7, 2 3& tl lororn . Greene-Sullivan State F 83 / 36. e Forest.I10E o1 7$ 37. Pike County State Foresit. IS 354.03 2 38. Frances Slocum State F orest. 39. Constitution Elm. 'or st.. .n fi Y mi Flatchery. Rwp~t Rcmnt M 29 40. Fawn River State Fish am 9 .a,.au 4 6132 i . . 1464 31 a .j314r 1Er nnxN.I ,A , .o a ,H2 41. Driftwood State Fisth H; L 71~-i 42. Hovey Lake State Game Preserve.rk. 41 rc J<. S'-aburg , 43. Yellbwwood State Foresl 44. Martin County Land Us