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The Swing of a Cricket Ball
SCIENCE BEHIND REVERSE SWING C.P.VINOD CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune BACKGROUND INFORMATION • Swing bowling is a skill in cricket that bowlers use to get a batsmen out. • It involves bowling a ball in such a way that it curves or ‘swings’ in the air. • The process that causes this ball to swing can be explained through aerodynamics. Dynamics is the study of the cause of the motion and changes in motion Aerodynamics is a branch of Dynamics which studies the motion of air particularly when it interacts with a moving object There are basically four factors that govern swing of the cricket ball: Seam Asymmetry in ball due to uneven tear Speed Bowling Action Seam of cricket ball Asymmetry in ball due to uneven tear Cricket ball is made from a core of cork, which is layered with tightly wound string, and covered by a leather case with a slightly raised sewn seam Dimensions- Weight: 155.9 and 163.0 g 224 and 229 mm in circumference Speed Fast bowler between 130 to 160 KPH THE BOUNDARY LAYER • When a sphere travels through air, the air will be forced to negotiate a path around the ball • The Boundary Layer is defined as the small layer of air that is in contact with the surface of a projectile as it moves through the air • Initially the air that hits the front of the ball will stick to the ball and accelerate in order to obtain the balls velocity. • In doing so it applies pressure (Force) in the opposite direction to the balls velocity by NIII Law, this is known as a Drag Force. -
Lacrosse Ball 1O1
HUSTLE SPORTS MASSAGE HOLISTIC HustleHustle SportsSports MUSCLE m o c MassageMassage. e g a THERAPY w s w s w a .H sM ustleSport THE SELF CARE PROTOCOL LACROSSE BALL 1O1 © 2018 Hustle Sports Massage www.hustlesportsmassage.com DISCLAIMER The information contained in this book is not medical advice. It is provided solely for education. Our practice would be greatly pleased to discuss your unique circumstances, needs and options as they relate to these topics. © 2018 Hustle Sports Massage www.hustlesportsmassage.com HOLISTIC MUSCLE THERAPY eep tissue massage is needed to reach the deep layers of the fascia and muscles. It helps the brain to release muscle tensions which Dallow the body to relax and restore the necessary balance needed to perform and function effectively. A Holistic Muscle Therapy massage helps improve body function, ensures reduction in pain, enhances mobility, reduces stress, and produces better sleep. "With correct posture and alignment, gravity will be a friend instead of an enemy, your lifts will become stronger, your muscles will become more efficient, you will be less prone to pain and injury, and you will feel and look a whole lot better." - Excerpt from Holistic Muscle Therapy by Alexander Wade HHP LMT LACROSSE BALL Using a ball is a powerful massage device that is used to HustleHustle relieve pain and improve the function of sore muscles. It SportsSports m m produces a self-myofascial release that helps o o c c . Massage. MassageMassageMassagee eg ga w as eliminates muscle knots and tension. Trigger point w w ss w w sa w .H Ma .H ust porstMs ustlelSepSort therapy massage is used as a guide to relieves sore and tight muscles needed to rejuvenate and revitalize some areas of the body like neck, shoulders, back, arms, hamstrings, legs, and feet. -
Throwing a Lacrosse Ball the Right Way
CALIFORNIA STATE SCIENCE FAIR 2011 PROJECT SUMMARY Name(s) Project Number Brian J. Fleming J0311 Project Title Throwing a Lacrosse Ball the Right Way Abstract Objectives/Goals The objectives of this project are to: 1 - Determine if changing length of a lacrosse shaft will proportionally affect the throwing distance of a lacrosse ball. 2 - Determine if changing the throwing force will proportionally affect the throwing distance of a lacrosse ball. 3 - Determine if changing the throwing angle will proportionally affect the throwing distance of a lacrosse ball. Methods/Materials By building a catapult from construction lumber, barbell weights, and a lacrosse stick, throwing trials with standard lacrosse balls were conducted where each variable combination was tested five times. The changing variables were: 1 - Six different throwing shaft lengths, varied by 6" increments. 2 - Four different throwing forces, varied in 5 lb increments from 5 lbs of force to 20 lbs. 3 - Four different throwing angles, varied by 10 degree increments from 90 degrees to 60 degrees. Results For the first hypothesis, variable shaft length, the longer shaft lengths did cause, proportionally, longer ball throws. For the second hypothesis, variable throwing force, the heavier weights did cause longer throws, proportionally. For the third hypothesis, variable throwing angle, the higher angles did not conclusively cause a change in throwing distance. Conclusions/Discussion The main purpose of this experiment was to test different release angles, shaft lengths, and weights for a more accurate and farther throw. This wasn't completely achieved because of some malfunctions in the shaft extension. However, with the data that was collected, the purpose was semi-achieved because over sixty trials were conducted and good data were collected. -
The Significance of Anime As a Novel Animation Form, Referencing Selected Works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii
The significance of anime as a novel animation form, referencing selected works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii Ywain Tomos submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Aberystwyth University Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, September 2013 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 1 This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. 2 Acknowledgements I would to take this opportunity to sincerely thank my supervisors, Elin Haf Gruffydd Jones and Dr Dafydd Sills-Jones for all their help and support during this research study. Thanks are also due to my colleagues in the Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, Aberystwyth University for their friendship during my time at Aberystwyth. I would also like to thank Prof Josephine Berndt and Dr Sheuo Gan, Kyoto Seiko University, Kyoto for their valuable insights during my visit in 2011. In addition, I would like to express my thanks to the Coleg Cenedlaethol for the scholarship and the opportunity to develop research skills in the Welsh language. Finally I would like to thank my wife Tomoko for her support, patience and tolerance over the last four years – diolch o’r galon Tomoko, ありがとう 智子. -
The Uses of Animation 1
The Uses of Animation 1 1 The Uses of Animation ANIMATION Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon. Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a flip book, motion picture film, video tape,digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation and digital video. To display animation, a digital camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures. Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24, 25, 30, or 60 frames per second. THE MOST COMMON USES OF ANIMATION Cartoons The most common use of animation, and perhaps the origin of it, is cartoons. Cartoons appear all the time on television and the cinema and can be used for entertainment, advertising, 2 Aspects of Animation: Steps to Learn Animated Cartoons presentations and many more applications that are only limited by the imagination of the designer. The most important factor about making cartoons on a computer is reusability and flexibility. The system that will actually do the animation needs to be such that all the actions that are going to be performed can be repeated easily, without much fuss from the side of the animator. -
INVESTOR PRESENTATION the Future of Sport Has Arrived
INVESTOR PRESENTATION The Future of Sport has Arrived October 2019 Commercial in Confidence This Investor Presentation is restricted to Sophisticated, Experienced and Professional Investors Global Sports Technology sector expected grow to be USD$31 billion by 2024. Sportcor is an Australian sporting technology company which integrates proprietary advanced electronics within traditional sports equipment and licenses the software and data rights globally. Secured a 5 year agreement with Kookaburra. Kookaburra launched their SmartBall with Sportcor electronics in August at the Ashes this year. Investment In agreement negotiations with Gray Nicolls Sports to embed the Sportcor electronics within the broad GNS product range: Steeden rugby league ball, Highlights cricket, hockey, water polo, netball, soccer, clothing, shoes and headgear. First mover advantage on Sportcor’s movement sensor technology, ready to accelerate to capitalise on this growing trend in sport globally. An independently tested and working product which can be applied to multiple sporting goods and wearables. Board of Directors chaired by Michael Kasprowicz (former Australian cricketer and currently a Cricket Australia Board Member, with a strong global network of athletes and administrators), and an experienced management team to drive growth. Commercial in Confidence 2 What is Sportcor Commercial in Confidence Demand for performance & engagement Fans Players are thirsty for want to next level optimise engagement, performance immersion and and training excitement Broadcasters are demanding new competitive content, in new formats, to elevate digital and broadcast audiences Commercial in in Confidence Confidence 4 Sportcor is a sports technology company powering data-driven sports engagement. Sportcor integrates its proprietary, Sportcor powers smart advanced electronics with traditional sporting goods sports equipment produced by leading global sport manufacturers. -
Design of Neck Protection Guards for Cricket Helmets
Design of Neck Protection Guards for Cricket Helmets T. Y. Pang a and P. Dabnichki School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora Campus East, Bundoora VIC 3083, Australia Keywords: Cricket, Helmet, Neck, Guard, Design. Abstract: Cricket helmet safeguards have come under scrutiny due to the lack of protection at the basal skull and neck region, which resulted in the fatal injury of one Australian cricketer in 2014. Current cricket helmet design has a number of shortcomings, the major one being the lack of a neck guard. This paper introduces a novel neck protection guard that provides protection to a cricket helmet wearer’s head and neck, without restricting head movements and obstructing the airflow, but achieving a minimal weight. Adopting an engineering design approach, the concept was generated using computer aided design software. The design was performed through several iterative processes to achieve an optimal solution. A prototype was then created using rapid prototyping technology and tested experimentally to meet the objectives and design constraints. The experimental results showed that the novel neck protection guard reduced by more than 50% the head acceleration values in the drop test in accordance to Australian Standard AS/NZS 4499.1-3:1997 protective headgear for cricket. Further experimental and computer simulation analysis are recommended to select suitable materials for the neck guards with satisfactory levels of protection and impact-attenuation capabilities for users. 1 INTRODUCTION head and facial injuries (Ranson et al. 2013). Stretch (2000) conducted an experiment on six different Cricket helmets were introduced into the sport to helmets with different features and materials at three protect the head and face of batsman when a bowler different locations. -
Jobs and Education
Vol. 3 Issue 3 JuneJune1998 1998 J OBS AND E DUCATION ¥ Animation on the Internet ¥ Glenn VilppuÕs Life Drawing ¥ CanadaÕs Golden Age? ¥ Below the Radar WHO IS JARED? Plus: Jerry BeckÕs Essential Library, ASIFA and Festivals TABLE OF CONTENTS JUNE 1998 VOL.3 NO.3 4 Editor’s Notebook It’s the drawing stupid! 6 Letters: [email protected] 7 Dig This! 1001 Nights: An Animation Symphony EDUCATION & TRAINING 8 The Essential Animation Reference Library Animation historian Jerry Beck describes the ideal library of “essential” books on animation. 10 Whose Golden Age?: Canadian Animation In The 1990s Art vs. industry and the future of the independent filmmaker: Chris Robinson investigates this tricky bal- ance in the current Canadian animation climate. 15 Here’s A How de do Diary: March The first installment of Barry Purves’ production diary as he chronicles producing a series of animated shorts for Channel 4. An Animation World Magazine exclusive. 20 Survey: It Takes Three to Tango Through a series of pointed questions we take a look at the relationship between educators, industry representatives and students. School profiles are included. 1998 33 What’s In Your LunchBox? Kellie-Bea Rainey tests out Animation Toolworks’ Video LunchBox, an innovative frame-grabbing tool for animators, students, seven year-olds and potato farmers alike! INTERNETINTERNET ANIMATIONANIMATION 38 Who The Heck is Jared? Well, do you know? Wendy Jackson introduces us to this very funny little yellow fellow. 39 Below The Digital Radar Kit Laybourne muses about the evolution of independent animation and looks “below the radar” for the growth of new emerging domains of digital animation. -
Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: a Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers †
Proceedings Bowling Performance Assessed with a Smart Cricket Ball: A Novel Way of Profiling Bowlers † Franz Konstantin Fuss 1,*, Batdelger Doljin 1 and René E. D. Ferdinands 2 1 Smart Products Engineering Program, Centre for Design Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia; [email protected] 2 Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2141, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-3-9214-6882 † Presented at the 13th conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Online, 22–26 June 2020. Published: 15 June 2020 Abstract: Profiling of spin bowlers is currently based on the assessment of translational velocity and spin rate (angular velocity). If two spin bowlers impart the same spin rate on the ball, but bowler A generates more spin rate than bowler B, then bowler A has a higher chance to be drafted, although bowler B has the potential to achieve the same spin rate, if the losses are minimized (e.g., by optimizing the bowler’s kinematics through training). We used a smart cricket ball for determining the spin rate and torque imparted on the ball at a high sampling frequency. The ratio of peak torque to maximum spin rate times 100 was used for determining the ‘spin bowling potential’. A ratio of greater than 1 has more potential to improve the spin rate. The spin bowling potential ranged from 0.77 to 1.42. Comparatively, the bowling potential in fast bowlers ranged from 1.46 to 1.95. Keywords: cricket; smart cricket ball; profiling; performance; skill; spin rate; torque; bowling potential 1. -
Creating New Animated TV Series for Girls Aged 6-12 in Britain
Creating New Animated TV Series for Girls Aged 6-12 in Britain Lindsay Watson This article focuses on the development and marketing of animated female lead charac- ters on television for an audience of girls aged 6-12 in Britain. Using strategic marketing theory it asks the questions: “What do girls want (to see on screen)?” “How do they get it?” and “How do we (the animation industry) sell it?” The paper reviews 87 starring fe- male lead characters worldwide and finds that most are: 2D in design, feature characters with American accents, have a cast of either group or independent characters and are of either a ‘dramatic’ or ‘dramatic/comedic’ genre. The article concludes that the types of television shows girls are watching could be improved to better meet their needs. It encourages content creators to be brave and test new ideas and offers practical tips to executives, producers and commissioners on development and positioning of new ani- mated television series that will engage their audiences. Personal Preface As an animation producer, academic, and campaigner for indie animation and women’s rights I decided in 2013 that I wanted to answer the question: Why aren’t there more animated female characters on British children’s TV? That year also happened to be the year I launched Animated Women UK – since then a lot has changed! The 1980s was a great time for empowered animated female leads in TV series as merchandisers recognised audience buying power (Perea, 2014). This didn’t translate to the big screen as from 1995 to 2012 most of Pixar’s films featured male leads. -
THE ANIMATED TRAMP Charlie Chaplin's Influence on American
THE ANIMATED TRAMP Charlie Chaplin’s Influence on American Animation By Nancy Beiman SLIDE 1: Joe Grant trading card of Chaplin and Mickey Mouse Charles Chaplin became an international star concurrently with the birth and development of the animated cartoon. His influence on the animation medium was immense and continues to this day. I will discuss how American character animators, past and present, have been inspired by Chaplin’s work. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND (SLIDE 2) Jeffrey Vance described Chaplin as “the pioneer subject of today’s modern multimedia marketing and merchandising tactics”, 1 “(SLIDE 3). Charlie Chaplin” comic strips began in 1915 and it was a short step from comic strips to animation. (SLIDE 4) One of two animated Chaplin series was produced by Otto Messmer and Pat Sullivan Studios in 1918-19. 2 Immediately after completing the Chaplin cartoons, (SLIDE 5) Otto Messmer created Felix the Cat who was, by 1925, the most popular animated character in America. Messmer, by his own admission, based Felix’s timing and distinctive pantomime acting on Chaplin’s. 3 But no other animators of the time followed Messmer’s lead. (SLIDE 6) Animator Shamus Culhane wrote that “Right through the transition from silent films to sound cartoons none of the producers of animation paid the slightest attention to… improvements in the quality of live action comedy. Trapped by the belief that animated cartoons should be a kind of moving comic strip, all the producers, (including Walt Disney) continued to turn out films that consisted of a loose story line that supported a group of slapstick gags which were often only vaguely related to the plot….The most astonishing thing is that Walt Disney took so long to decide to break the narrow confines of slapstick, because for several decades Chaplin, Lloyd and Keaton had demonstrated the superiority of good pantomime.” 4 1 Jeffrey Vance, CHAPLIN: GENIUS OF THE CINEMA, p. -
Lacrosse Sticks
Deyohahá:ge: Indigenous Knowledge Centre Hodinohso:ni Art Lesson #8 Lacrosse Sticks Is that a Lacrosse Stick or Snowshoe? This photo shows a man holding a lacrosse stick which has a highly carved handle. The old style lacrosse sticks were called “bats” because they had a wide, long netting that was used to hit the lacrosse ball and throw if forward. They did not have the same kind of “pocket” like sticks to day, so it was more difficult to carry the ball in the “racket.” Notice that the netting, made of rawhide, is about three feet in length. The size of this netting changes through time. Lacrosse Sticks 1 Deyohahá:ge: Indigenous Knowledge Centre Hodinohso:ni Art Lesson #8 The short handle of this lacrosse stick is elaborately carved. It is difficult to see the detail on the enlarged photos, however, it is very similar to a carved lacrosse stick in the collections of the University Museum of Philadelphia. We can see two hands shaking as a gesture of friendship. There is a carved band with the image of a deer, symbolizing fleetness of foot. At the end is a hand holding a ball. Oren Lyons, Onondaga faithkeeper and Lacrosse Hall of Famer, believes that this symbolizes the medicine origins of the game. The ball, going back and forth, is like a form of medicine. Lacrosse Sticks 2 Deyohahá:ge: Indigenous Knowledge Centre Hodinohso:ni Art Lesson #8 This Mohawk team carries the kind of lacrosse stick seen above. Carving on the handle was thought to improve the grip.