WALKING & CYCLING CONNECTIVITY STUDY
DARWEN November 2020 CONTENT:
1.0 Overview 2.0 Baseline Study 3.0 Detailed Trip Study 4.0 Route Appraisal and Ratings 5.0 Suggested Improvements & Conclusions 1.0
OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION Darwen 1.0
GL Hearn has been appointed by Blackburn with around 385 dwellings in total; Darwen Borough Council (BwDBC) to prepare a • The Pole Lane area, comprising 13ha of developable Section 3 – looks in detail at each of the proposed connectivity study to appraise the potential impact land split under two delivery partners, and expected development sites and considers the likely trip of development sites on the local pedestrian and cycle to deliver up to 300 dwellings in total; generation based on the local trip attractors. network. These journeys are individually mapped along the identification of gaps in provision if applicable. • Milking Lane area, comprising of a combination of This study will consider the implications arising from residential and employment sites with the potential the build-out of these sites for pedestrian travel, in to provide circa 200 units as well as a large new Section 4 – is a quality appraisal of all the identified order to identify potential gaps in the existing highway office development. routes within section 3. The routes will be graded and sustainable travel provision. It will also consider, against an agreed set of parameters to assess their at a high level, potential options for any improvements suitability as a pedestrian connection; which may be necessary in order to adequately support • Ellison Fold and Marsh House Lane areas benefited the developments. form the completion of Phase 1 of the DEDC works, completion of the Ellison Fold Way Link Road in Section 5 – considers gaps identified within the 2019 allowing the development of these two sites assessment undertaken in section 4. This assessment Findings will also be used to inform the Local Plan delivering up to 330 homes between them. allows the development of a series of high level Review currently underway that will identify growth interventions required to ensure the quality of and infrastructure needs to 2037. pedestrian and cycle movement within the area. In addition to these large allocated sites, the study also takes into account several smaller plots which Background are currently being developed or have been recently Study Area completed such as Shorey Bank Extra Care Scheme A number of committed residential development sites (Riverside Heights), Tower View and Waterfield Mill The study area is outlined on the plan opposite. In within the study area are under construction, or are These are expected to provide approximately 175 new general, it is bounded by M65 to the North and the close to being granted planning consent. In addition homes within 2020. These sites are not individually wider extents of the boroughs urban boundary to the to these, there are several larger, key masterplan sites, studied, but are considered when analysing routes of south, east and west. which are included as allocated sites within the Local neighbouring developments. Plan. Darwen Town Centre falls roughly central to the study The study will also take into account the highway area and the majority of the larger masterplan housing To the north of the study area, there are several key, improvements that are committed as part of the DEDC areas are found lining the eastern boundary of the proposed and existing employment zones for which (Darwen East Development Corridor). Phase 2 of this study area. local connectivity has also been considered within this scheme is the Greenbank Terrace Link Road. This will document. provide a new link road, new roundabout and better local access. The majority of the key employment zones are found to the north, following the corridor of the M65. When fully built out, these development sites have the potential to deliver up to 1200 new dwellings across Study Structure 14 sites in the south of Blackburn and Darwen area. These development sites are considered in more detail The structure of this report is set out as follows: in following sections of this report, but briefly they include: Section 2 – sets out the extent of the study area and the proposed development sites, and considers • Holden Fold Masterplan area, comprising circa the existing pedestrian, cycle and public transport 17.8ha of developable land, and expected to deliver provision within the study area appraising the accessibility of the proposed development sites. 4 Figure 1 - Study Overview 2.0
BASELINE STUDY 2.0 Darwen BASELINE STUDY
The following section presents an overview of the short car journeys, in particular those under 2km. The level of accessibility on foot and by bicycle from for qualitative data for the routes to be considered existing walking and cycling infrastructure locations Assessment of development sites to this extent is still the development sites is considered in the following during the evaluation process, to support this, the and conditions. It reviews the Public Rights of Way acknowledged as ‘good practice’. sections. Based on these figures the vast majority of team has considered the Healthy Streets Approach within the development area, walking and cycling In line with the CIHT and PPG13 guidelines, walking the study area is within an acceptable cycling distance when formulating the scoring criteria discussed in more routes, non-motorised user accessibility, and the isochrones for distances of up to 15 minutes (c.1km) are of each site and also many of the sites are within detail in section 4. key trip attractors in the area. Recommendations presented on the plan in section 2.2 and illustrate the easy cycling distance of the town centre. However it are made for improvements to general walking and level of pedestrian accessibility from each site in the is considered that conditions for cyclists need to be The Healthy Streets Approach puts people and their cycling conditions within the area. context of the surrounding area. improved to appeal to those with differing levels of health at the centre of decisions about how we design, confidence and to improve their safety and security. manage and use public spaces. It aims to make streets Any gaps in provision are highlighted and potential healthy, safe and welcoming for everyone. Walking Based on these figures it is considered that the improvements considered in section 4 & 5. Guideline walking distances provided in the Institution 2km catchment encompasses the vast majority of of Highways and Transportation (IHT, 2000) document, the facilities within the area for all the proposed The Approach is based on 10 Indicators of a Healthy ‘Guidelines for Providing for Journeys on Foot’ are development sites. It is also noted that the majority Healthy Streets Approach Street which focus on the experience of people presented in the table below. of the development sites to the east of the study area The focus of this study is to consider the existing using streets. If a street is a healthy and inclusive would be able to walk into the town centre within the connectivity of the proposed development sites within environment then we should see improved use for PPG13 30 minute guidelines. the Darwen area and because of this, much of the data walking, cycling and social interaction by the local Criteria Town Commuting/ Elsewhere we have considered has been quantitative, looking at community. 5 HEALTHY STREETS SURVEY Centre Sightseeing distance and availability of routes. It is also important Cycling Desirable 200m 500m 400m Healthy Streets Indicators Advice contained within the superseded PPG13 remains Acceptable 400m 1,000m 800m the most up to date national expression of advice Preferred 800m 2,000m 1,200m on cycling distances; it states “Cycling also has the Maximum potential to substitute for short car trips, particularly Top level those less than 5km (3 miles) and to form part of a indicators Accessibility on foot has been assessed in-line with longer journey by public transport”. Therefore, cycling the CIHT document discussed above and is based on can form an attractive and genuinely viable mode of an average walking speed of 4.8km/hr. transport for short to medium length journeys.
Appropriate walking distances are considered In addition, in respect of acceptable cycle journeys dependent upon the location of the specific distances “Local Transport Note 2/08: Cycling development; more remote locations will see Infrastructure Design” published by the DfT, states 10 evidence- people being prepared to walk further to their end that for many commuter journeys a distance of 5 based destination. Similarly, walking distances are also miles (8km) is not uncommon. dependent upon the standard of existing pedestrian indicators to infrastructure provision, with further walking High level analysis of the accessibility of each of the evaluate distances achievable in locations with extensive and proposed development sites by bicycle has also been how healthy high-quality pedestrian footways, crossings and undertaken using TRACC, using the most up to date London pedestrianised areas. data available at the time of analysis. Accessibility has streets are. been assessed in increments of 2, 3.5, and 5 kilometres It is recognised in the now superseded Planning Policy (km) distance from the proposed site, in order to Guidance 13 (PPG13) outlined by the Government, present the potential for cycling accessibility as a that walking is the most important mode of travel, leisure offer and as a viable option for commuting for and as such offers the most likely way of reducing the sites. Source: Lucy saunders Healthy Streets Approach Key Indicators 7 BASELINE STUDY Overview 2.1
The land use within the eastern section of the study of Blackburn with Darwen in order to create jobs, area is predominantly residential whilst the northern attract and retain a skilled labour force, and strengthen section, closer to the M65 connections sees a greater the borough’s competitive position in the North West. shift towards industrial and commercial. Therefore the eastern section of study area is the primary a point of The plan identifies land allocations which are origin for trips to surrounding external destinations. considered essential to delivering these objectives and sets out the policies against which planning The main trip attractors in the vicinity of the study applications for development will be assessed by the area are the numerous schools, public green spaces and Council. The study area includes a number of allocated employment sites to the north. Darwen Town Centre, housing, employment and green infrastructure sites in which provides a mix of retail and employment sites, both council and private ownership. and the key rail connection is located to the west of the study area, approximately 2km from the major in addition to these allocated sites there are a number development sites along the eastern boundary. of sites within the study area that are a number of privately owned housing sites currently under Proposed Development Sites construction or have recently been completed, The study area consists of a total of 14 residential including the Riverside Heights Site on where 119 development sites, and 6 key employment sites. The extra care dwellings have recently been completed development site locations are illustrated in the figure , Cranberry Lane where 138 homes are under opposite. The proposed development sites and their construction and Tower View where a planning existing connectivity are considered in more detail in application for 16 dwellings was submitted in 2018. Section 3. The study area and it’s immediate vicinity also contains The following section provides an overview of the a considerable proportion of the local plan green major local policy documents relevant to the study infrastructure allocation sites and also green belt with area, with regard to the nature of the proposed key visitor attractions , including Bold Venture Park, development sites. Sunnyhurst Wood, Whitehall Park and Darwen Tower all of which will be key facilities for all residents within the area. Blackburn with Darwen Core Strategy The Blackburn with Darwen Core Strategy was adopted in January 2011 and sets out the priorities for the future Policy 10 ‘Accessibility and Transport’ states that planning and development of the Borough through to ‘Development for uses that are likely to generate large 2026. numbers of trips, other than developments specifically allowed for by other policies, will only be permitted in locations that are conveniently accessible by existing or Policy CS22 ‘Accessibility Strategy’ of the Core Strategy proposed public transport services’. aims to locate new development where it can easily be accessed by non-car means including public Blackburn with Darwen Local Plan Review transport, walking and cycling. The council is in the process of updating its adopted local plan. The new local plan will look at the growth Blackburn with Darwen Local Plan and infrastructure needs, including sustainable Blackburn with Darwen Council adopted the Local Plan transport, for the period 2018-2037. The findings of Part 2 in December 2015. Alongside the Core Strategy this study will therefore inform policy development and which was adopted in January 2011 and forms Part 1 of the infrastructure Delivery Plan. the Local Plan, it aims to shape the future development 8 Figure 2 - Approximate Study Boundary Overlaid on the Blackburn with Darwen Borough Council Local Plan Figure 3 - Trip Attractor Overview BASELINE STUDY Walking, PRoWs & Housing Sites 2.2
The vast majority of the study area is sub-urban in Public Rights of Way nature and typically, the residential streets found here The existing PRoW network in the vicinity of the study have footways on both sides of the carriageway, which area is illustrated in plan opposite, and is presented in are generally 2m in width. From site observations context with the bus stop locations. The existing PRoW they were seen to be in a generally good condition, data has been obtained from GIS data from BwDBC with dropped kerbs and street lighting available in the and verified and cross referenced with data from www. majority. magicmaps.com, www.rowmaps.com
Within the historic, terraced residential areas to the As shown in the figure opposite, there are a number east many of the streets benefit form traffic calming of public footpaths running through the proposed and speed restrictions, but the combination of parked development sites, particularly those along the eastern cars and few controlled crossing areas makes traversing boundary of the study area. It is assumed that these the areas more challenging. public rights of way will be maintained and improved within these developments. The A666, the main north to south route into and out of the town centre is a busy vehicular route, but The vast majority of the study area, within the centre has generous pavements on both sides and lighting of the urban boundary, is devoid of public rights of throughout. There are a number of controlled crossing way as would be expected for an historically built up, facilities on the route a key intersections, but due to the residential area. The vast majority of the public rights busy nature of the road, more could be considered. of way are found along the boundary of the study area within the adjacent greenbelt. These routes are particularly important for connecting local settlements Bold Venture Park The recently opened Ellison Fold Way, creates a much such as Hoddlestone and also connecting residents to needed, attractive pedestrian route running north to key local assets such as Darwen Tower and Sunnyhurst south connecting several key development sites in the Woods. area, without this, connections would be far less direct, through existing residential streets. It is assumed that the proposed Ellison Fold Development will It is considered that the eastern boundary PRoW foster much needed east-west connections between connections are significant in providing links between Roman Road and Ellison Fold Way which at present is some of the major development sites (particularly only served by Marsh House Lane which has footpath Ellison Fold and Holden Fold) and some of the key only on one side of the carriageway and very limited public transport and cycle infrastructure into the town overlooking leading to perceived safety concerns. centre. It is noted, that these connections could be improved by providing improved cycling and footpath connections as they leave the development site,
creating safe attractive routes to the town centre.
Sunnyhurst Woods 10 Figure 4 - PRoW Overview East Lancashire Strategic Cycle Network G CLITHEROE Weavers Wheel and its links to development sites F GREAT HARWOOD
Ramsgreave A2 & Wilpshire Station PARSONAGE RD SAMLESBURY ENTERPRISE ZONE The Enterprise Zone at Samlesbury is being developed for the purposes of advanced engineering and
manufacturing and associated uses NORTH BLACKBURN E L
5 e
DEVELOPMENT SITE e
d
s
L iv e Public Cycle Routes and Infrastructure r BASELINE STUDY A1 p o RISHTON o l
WHITEBIRK C a INDUSTRIAL Rishton n 2.3 a J7 ROE LEE ESTATE Station l DEVELOPMENT SITE
The figure opposite illustrates the local cycle network It is considered that there is scope to improve the offer FURTHERGATE within the study area, in relation to the proposed for cyclists within the study area, with the proposed PHASE 2 - development sites considered in this report. developments providing an opportunity to bring the WHALLEY NEW ROAD IMPERIAL MILL M65 JUNCTION 6 DEVELOPMENT SITE DEVELOPMENT SITE BUSINESS PARK At 90 acres this is the largest future enhancements forward as part of the phasing of each J6 employment site in Lancashire. ACCRINGTON The site has immediate access from As present, the cycle infrastructure within the study scheme. This is discussed in more detail in further 6 Junction 6 (Whitebirk Roundabout) and sections. FORMER the western boundary abuts the urban area is limited with the main focus being the north MARKET SITE 4 area of Blackburn south connection via Spur B and Spur C of the Weavers CATHEDRAL Blackburn Accrington Blackburn QUARTER Bus Station FURTHERGATE Station Wheel. It is noted, that the proposed Holden Fold Billinge Wood College PHASE 1 - development site is located close to this key cycle DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW DEVELOPMENT PLOTS FORMER WAVES SITE D route, direct connections to it need to be developed ST PETER’S QUARTER Blackburn Station Witton FRECKLETON ST to make the route more attractive for less confident Country Youth Park THE WRANGLINGS Zone cyclists. The large masterplan site of Ellison Fold and EMPLOYMENT SITE other housing sites along the eastern boundary of the GRIFFIN DEVELOPMENT ROCKCLIFFE MILL study area are poorly served by cycle connections into SITE the town centre or to tie into the Weavers Wheel. WITTON BUSINESS EVOLUTION PARK, SHADSWORTH RD PARK ALASKA ST HASLINGDEN RD DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE The Weavers Wheel is a 26km route encircling Cherry Tree 1 SITE Station Mill Hill Blackburn town centre, and has been funded through Station PLOT C, the Lancashire Local Enterprise Partnership, delivering SHADSWORTH PRESTON WATERSIDE EMPLOYMENT SITE a strategic cycle network for Blackburn with Darwen Pleasington EWOOD - HASLINGDEN RD 3 Station and forming part of the wider East Lancashire Strategic NEW DEVELOPMENT BLACKAMOOR RD Cycle network. PLOTS DEVELOPMENT SITE Spur B ofLAND the WeaversBETWEEN Wheel Ewood GIB LANE & HEYS LANE Park J5 As mentioned earlier the Weavers Wheel can be found SAPPI 2 DEVELOPMENT SITE PREMIER WAY, WEAVERS WHEEL just north of the study area, ‘Spurs’ B and C enter the WALKER PARK Lee study area from the north and offer connections into ds L FISHMOOR DRIVE ive HEYS LANE rpo H DEVELOPMENT SITE 1 6 WEAVERS WHEEL - SPOKES Blackburn town Centre and on to Manchester to the ol Canal GIB LANE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE FORMER LOWER south. SITE DARWEN PAPER MILL J3 J4 A1 H WEAVERS WHEEL - SPURS The vast majority of the cycle routes, like the PRoW’s, JOHNSON RD, can be found adjacent to the study boundaries within WATERSIDE the areas green belt. These routes are important for COMMERCIAL WAY HOUSING DEVELOPMENT SITES creating connections to local settlements and offer DARWEN CHAPELS PARK - recreational activities, but provide limited scope for NEW DEVELOPMENT PLOTS C offering improved cycling infrastructure for everyday HOLLINS GROVE BWD DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT SITE HOLDEN FOLD OPPORTUNITY SITES tasks such as commuting. DEVELOPMENT SITE
SHOREY BANK EXTRA CARE EAST DARWEN EMPLOYMENT ALLOCATIONS SCHEME DEVELOPMENT CORRIDOR DARWEN Darwen Station B CRANBERRY LANE MANCHESTER DEVELOPMENT SITE, DARWEN Spur B & C of the Weavers Wheel fall within the study boundary 12 POLE LANE Figure 5 - Cycle Infrastructure Overview BASELINE STUDY Public Transport Routes 2.4
This section summarises the existing public transport undertaken using TRACC. Public transport accessibility services that have been made available in the vicinity has been assessed in-line with the CIHT document of the development sites. It presents the existing ‘Planning for Public Transport in Developments (1999)’ public transport routes, locations of the bus stops which recommends a walking distance of up to 400m and train station as well as frequency of services and to bus waiting facilities from new developments, which duration of the journeys to typical destinations of the is equivalent to a five minute walk based on an average regional and national transport network. walking speed of 4.8km / hr during a Tuesday morning AM peak (07:00-09:00). As seen on the plan opposite a number of bus services operate in the vicinity of the study area. These services This has been applied to all sites within the study area provide connections to Blackburn, Hoddleston and (isochrones on the plan opposite) and multiple bus stop Chorley. locations and routes are accessible from the majority of the development sites. Bus travel is a flexible and adaptable form of public transport, without the constraints of fixed It is noted that all the development sites are well track infrastructure and with lower operating and served by bus connections with bus stops located infrastructure costs. comfortably within recommended distances,
Analysis of the accessibility of each of the proposed Darwen Bus Station - Parliament Street Darwen development sites by public transport has been
Route No. Route 1 Blackburn - Bolton 12 Blackburn Circular 24 Blackburn - Chorley 33 Blackburn - Darwen TA01 Bromley Cross - Darwen TA02 Bury - Darwen T03 Darwen T05 / T07 Hoddleston - Darwen TA06 Darwen TA08 Darwen
14 1km Buffer Housing Sites Bus Routes: 1 BLACKBURN - BOLTON 12 BLACKBURN CIRCULAR 24 BLACKBURN - CHORLEY 33 BLACKBURN - DARWEN TA01 BROMLEY CROSS - DARWEN TA02 BURY - DARWEN T03 DARWEN T05 / T07 HODDLESTON - DARWEN TA06 DARWEN TA08 DARWEN
Figure 6 - Public Transport Infrastructure Overview BASELINE STUDY Employment Provision 2.5
This section summarises the accessibility of existing and proposed employment sites within the study area. Proposed Employment Land at Greenbank Terrace
As seen on the plan opposite a number of key, future employment sites exist within the study area, with the majority of them falling within the north of the study area, Flanking the M65 adjacent to existing employment and industrial areas.
Whilst these individual employment sites have not been considered as trip generators individually and trips to these sites will not be studied in detail in further sections, it is valuable to consider the potential accessibility of these sites from the proposed housing developments.
The plan opposite takes the proposed employment sites and marks them with an accessibility isochrone. The isochrone marked is 2km, the preferred commuting distance,and as you can see, all of the proposed housing sites are easily accessible from at least one employment zone and many fall within less than 1km.
Tower Business Park, Commercial Road 16 Figure 7 - Local Employment Provision 3.0
DETAILED STUDY STUDY 3.0 Introduction DETAILED STUDY
The following section considers each of the individual development sites identified previously. The key trip attractors have been considered and mapped for each site to allow interrogation to show any obvious gaps in provision.
The sites have been considered for their accessibility, by both bike and on foot, to a number of key services Darwen Vale High School locally, including, but not limited to:
• Local Schools • Darwen Town Centre • Rail Connections • Local Public Amenity Space • Local Bus Routes • Local Shops • Local Community Services
Darwen Market
Ewood Park
Figure 8 - Study Overview Darwen Tower 19 DETAILED STUDY Cranberry Lane 3.1
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 St. Barnabus Primary School 0.5km 6mins 2 Whitehall Newsagents Convenience Store 1.1km 13mins 3 Watery Lane Bus Stop 0.9km 10mins Bus Routes 1, TA02 Bolton, Blackburn, Bury 4 Whitehall Park 1km 12mins
20 3.2 Pole Lane DETAILED STUDY
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Priory Convenience Stores / Londis 0.5km 6mins 2 Telegraph Convenience Store 1km 12mins 3 Ashton Park 1.1km 13mins 4 St Barnabus Primary School 0.8km 9mins 5 Carus Centre 1.3km 15mins 6 Chapter Road, Bus Stop 0.1km 1min Bus Route TA08 Darwen 7 Mayfield Flats, Bus Stop 0.6km 7mins Bus Routes 1, TA02 Bolton, Blackburn, Bury 21 DETAILED STUDY Fountain Street 3.3
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Bold Venture Park 0.3km 4mins 2 St. Josephs Primary School 0.2km 3mins 3 Holy Trinity Primary School 0.5km 6mins 4 Ashton Park 0.5km 6mins 5 Sainsbury’s Supermarket 0.7km 8mins 6 Darwen Tower 1.8km 21mins 7 Darwen Market Square 0.7km 8mins 8 Darwen Health Centre 0.8km 10mins 9 Darwen Leisure Centre 0.8km 10mins 10 Mill Gap Street, Bus Stop 0.2km 2mins Bus Routes 1, TA06, TA02 Bolton, Blackburn, Bury, Darwen 22 3.4 Belgrave Mill DETAILED STUDY
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Holy Trinity Primary School 0.1km 1mins 2 Primary Shopping Area 0.2km 3mins 3 Darwen Leisure Centre 0.4km 5mins 4 Darwen Health Centre 0.4km 5mins 5 Darwen Market Square 0.3km 4mins 6 Bold Venture Park 0.3km 4mins 7 Darwen Tower 2km 24mins 8 India Mill, Bus Stop 0.1km 1mins Bus Routes 1, TA06, TA02 Bolton, Blackburn, Bury, Darwen 9 Darwen Train Station 0.6km 7mins Train Service Manchester, Clitheroe
23 DETAILED STUDY Marsh House Lane 3.5
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Priory Convenience Stores / Londis 0.6km 7mins - 2 Sudell Primary School 0.9km 11mins - 3 Carus Centre 1km 12mins - 4 St Pauls Primary School 1.1km 13mins - 5 Roman Road, Bus Stop 0km 0min TA01, TA05/TA07 Hoddleston, Darwen, Bromley Cross
24 3.6 Ellison Fold DETAILED STUDY
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Darwen St. James Primary School 1km 12mins 2 Darwen Valley Community Centre 0.4km 5mins 3 Sudell Primary School 0.2km 2mins 4 Premier Convenience Store 0.3km 4mins 5 Carus Centre 0.9km 11mins 6 St Pauls Primary School 1km 12mins 7 Cambridge Street, Bus Stop 0km 0min TA08, T05/T07, TA01 Hoddleston, Bromley Cross, Darwen 8 Darwen Train Station 1km 12mins Train Service Manchester, Clitheroe
25 DETAILED STUDY Holden Fold 3.7
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Darwen St. James Primary School 0.9km 11mins 2 Premier Convenience Store 0.6km 7mins 3 Darwen Valley Community Centre 1km 12mins 4 Shorey Bank Park 1km 12mins 5 Darwen Resource Centre 1.2km 14mins 6 Lidl Supermarket 1.2km 14mins
7 Darwen Train Station 1.3km 15mins Train Service Manchester, Clitheroe
26 3.8 Hollins Grove DETAILED STUDY
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Hollins Grove Doctors 0.5km 6mins 2 Londis Convenience Store 0.3km 4mins 3 Avondale Primary School 0.7km 8mins 4 Shorey Bank Park 0.5km 6mins 5 Darwen Resource Centre 0.7km 8mins 6 Lidl Supermarket 0.7km 8mins 7 Lloyd Street, Bus Stop 0.4km 4mins 1 Blackburn, Bolton
27 DETAILED STUDY Junction 4 3.9
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Lower Darwen Recreation Ground 0.7km 8mins 2 Darwen Vale High School 0.2km 2mins 3 Darwen Mini-Market Convenience Store 0.2km 2mins 4 St Edwards Primary School 0.5km 6mins 5 The Redeemer Primary School 1.2km 14mins 6 Earcroft/Darwen Vale High School, Bus Stop 0.2km 2mins Bus Routes 1 Blackburn, Bolton
28 3.10 Milking Lane DETAILED STUDY
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Lower Darwen Primary School 1km 12mins 2 Lower Darwen Recreation Ground 0.2km 2mins 3 Ewood, Bus Stop 1.5km 18mins Bus Routes 1 Blackburn, Bolton
29 DETAILED STUDY Ewood Park and Albion Road West 3.11
ID Primary Connection Distance* Time* Secondary Connection Destination 1 Aldi Supermarket 0.1km 1min 2 Ewood Medical Centre 0.1km 1min 3 The Redeemer Primary School 0.6km 7mins 4 River Darwen Parkway 0.2km 2mins 5 Our Lady of Perpetual Succour Primary School 1km 12mins 6 Longshaw Infant School 0.7km 8mins 7 Longshaw Green 0.7km 8mins 8 Bus Stop 0km 0min Bus Routes 1, 24 Blackburn, Bolton, Chorley
30 3.11
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ROUTEROUTE APPRAISAL APPRAISAL 4.0 Introduction ROUTE APPRAISAL
The following section builds upon the desktop analysis It is also important that the Healthy Streets approach XX undertaken within section 3. In Summer/Autumn was considered in the marking criteria. It was felt that XX 2020, members of our team undertook detailed marking the ten individual indicators would be too assessment of all the routes identified in section 3. complex for this piece of work so the indicators were combined into groups as below: All routes were walked, photographed and graded following the criteria outlined with section 1 of this 1. Cohesion Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) document. The template opposite was completed 2. Directness Connections Connections allowing us to evaluate the quality of both the cycling 3. Safety and walking provision in the area. This information Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Cohesion Way finding Way finding is combined with the statistical information in the 4. Comfort 5. Attractiveness previous section to create a ‘real world’ assessment of Distance Distance the connectivity in the area.
Each of these criteria have been split into several sub Gradients Gradients Directness Directness The quality scoring, when considered alongside a sections to aid scoring. These criteria have all been routes importance, allows us to identify key areas graded between 0 (Red - poor quality) to 2 (green - Speed differences Speed differences on shared surface on shared surface for future improvement that will have the greatest high quality). A combination score of all these criteria Safety provides us with an over all grade for the route, Safety Complex Complex impact on pedestrian connectivity for the area. These design/layout design/layout conclusions and suggested improvements will be marked out of a possible 26 points.
outlined in section 5 of this document. Surface quality Surface quality Total score: Effective width Effective width 0-10 Red (low quality) without conflict without conflict 11-16 Amber (requires improvement) Comfort Comfort 17-26 Green (high quality) Way finding Way finding
Accessibility Accessibility The summary of all these results have been mapped graphically on remaining pages within this section and Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived have been separated into both pedestrian and cycle vulnerability vulnerability connectivity. Minimise street Minimise street clutter clutter
Street Furniture Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness Conclusions and suggested improvements will be parking considered further within section 5 of this document. Audit Score Total Audit Score Total
Healthy Streets Approach Key Indicators
33 CrossCranberry Field Lane Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.1
CL1 CL2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 1 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 0
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 0
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0 CL2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total n7 CL1
34 4.24.1 Cycle Routes CrossCranberry Field Street Lane
CL1 CL2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 0
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 0 CL2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 0
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 1 parking 0 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 8 CL1
35 CrossPole Lane Field Street Pedestrian Routes 4.2
PL1 PL2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 2 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex PL5 design/layout 2 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green)
PL1 Comfort Comfort Way finding 1 Way finding 1 PL3 Connections 1 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived 2 2 Distance PL5 vulnerability vulnerability 1 Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1 Gradients Directness 1 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Speed Furniture 2 Furniture 1 differences on shared surface 2 Audit Score Total Audit Score Total
22 15 Safety Complex design/layout 1 PL3 PL4 Surface quality 2 PL4 Effective width without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Accessibility 2 Continuity and Continuity and Social safety
PL2 Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding and perceived 1 1 1 vulnerability Minimise Distance Distance 0 1 street clutter 1 Street Gradients Gradients Attractiveness Directness 1 Directness 1 Furniture 1 Speed Speed Audit Score Total differences on differences on 17 shared surface 2 shared surface 1
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 0 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 0 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 0 Furniture 1 36 Audit Score Total 11 Audit Score Total 14 4.2 Cycle Routes Cross FieldPole Street Lane
PL2 PL4
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 2 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
PL1 Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 0
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) PL1 Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1 Connections 1 PL3 Continuity and Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Cohesion Way finding 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived Distance 2 1 2 vulnerability vulnerability PL5 Minimise Minimise Gradients street clutter 1 street clutter 1 Directness 2 Secure cycle Secure cycle Speed Attractiveness Attractiveness differences on parking 2 parking 0 shared surface 2 Audit Score Total Audit Score Total
Safety Complex 15 13 design/layout 2 PL3 PL5 Surface quality 2 PL4
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Accessibility 1 Connections 1 Connections 1 PL2 Social safety Continuity and Continuity and
and perceived 2 Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding vulnerability 1 1 Minimise Distance Distance street clutter 2 1 2 Secure cycle Attractiveness Gradients Gradients parking 0 Directness 1 Directness 1 Audit Score Total Speed Speed 19 differences on differences on shared surface 2 shared surface 1
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 0 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 13 Audit Score Total 15 37 CrossFountain Field Street Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.3
FS1 FS2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 0 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 2 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 0 Accessibility 1 FS2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2 FS3 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 14 Audit Score Total 17 FS3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) FS1 Connections 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 2
Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Street Attractiveness Furniture 1 38 Audit Score Total 21 4.24.3 Cycle Routes CrossFountain Field Street Street
FS1 FS2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 1 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 2 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0 FS2
Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2 FS3
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 2 Audit Score Total 14 Audit Score Total 16 FS3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) FS1 Connections 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 1
Safety Complex design/layout 1
Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 1 Audit Score Total 19 39 CrossBelgrave Field Mill Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.4
BM1 BM2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 2
BM1 Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise 2 Minimise 1 BM3 street clutter street clutter BM2 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 2 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 20
BM3 BM4
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 0
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 BM4 Speed Speed differences on differences on shared surface 2 shared surface 2
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 40 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 14 4.24.4 Cycle Routes Cross FieldBelgrave Street Mill
BM1 BM2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2 BM1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1 BM3 BM2 Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 1 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 19
BM3 BM4
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed BM4 differences on differences on shared surface 1 shared surface 2
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 1
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 0 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 14 41 CrossMarsh FieldHouse Street Lane Pedestrian Routes 4.24.5
MH1 MH2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2
MH3 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total Audit Score Total MH1 18 23
MH3
MH2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 2
Surface quality 1
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 1 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 2
Street Attractiveness Furniture 1 42 Audit Score Total 19 4.24.5 Cycle Routes CrossMarsh Field House Street Lane
MH1 MH2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2 MH3 Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 0 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 20 MH1
MH3 MH2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 1
Safety Complex design/layout 2
Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 0
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 2
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 1 Audit Score Total 20 43 CrossEllison FieldFold Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.6
EF1 EF2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex EF5 design/layout 1 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2 EF4 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1 Connections 2 Accessibility 1 Accessibility 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived 2 2 Distance vulnerability vulnerability 1 Minimise Minimise EF2 street clutter 1 street clutter 1 Gradients Directness 1 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Speed Furniture 1 Furniture 1 differences on shared surface 2 EF3 Audit Score Total Audit Score Total
18 21 Safety Complex design/layout 2 EF3 EF4 Surface quality 1
Effective width without conflict 1 EF1 Comfort Way finding 2 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) EF5 Connections 1 Connections 1 Accessibility 1 Continuity and Continuity and Social safety
Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding and perceived 1 0 1 vulnerability Minimise Distance Distance 1 1 street clutter 2 Street Gradients Gradients Attractiveness Directness 2 Directness 1 Furniture 1 Speed Speed Audit Score Total differences on differences on 19 shared surface 2 shared surface 2
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 1
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 44 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 18 4.24.6 Cycle Routes Cross FieldEllison Street Fold
EF2 EF3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 2 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
EF1 Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 0
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 0 EF4 Connections 2 Continuity and Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Cohesion Way finding 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived and perceived Distance 2 2 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise Gradients street clutter 1 street clutter 2 Directness 1 EF2 Secure cycle Secure cycle Speed Attractiveness Attractiveness differences on parking 0 parking 2 shared surface 1 Audit Score Total Audit Score Total
Safety Complex 20 17 EF3 design/layout 1 EF4 EF5 Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 1 EF1 Comfort Way finding 1 Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Accessibility 1 Connections 1 Connections 2 EF5 Social safety Continuity and Continuity and
and perceived 2 Cohesion Way finding Cohesion Way finding vulnerability 1 2 Minimise Distance Distance street clutter 1 2 2 Secure cycle Attractiveness Gradients Gradients parking 2 Directness 1 Directness 1 Audit Score Total Speed Speed 18 differences on differences on shared surface 1 shared surface 1
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 0
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 2 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 1 Audit Score Total 18 Audit Score Total 20 45 CrossHolden Field Fold Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.7
HF1 HF2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 1 Distance 0
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1
Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 15 HF3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance HF1 1
Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 2 HH2 Surface quality 1
HF3 Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Street Attractiveness Furniture 1 46 Audit Score Total 17 4.24.7 Cycle Routes Cross FieldHolden Street Fold
HF1 HF2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) 2 Connections 2 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 2 Distance 0
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on 1 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 0 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1
Social safety Social safety and perceived 1 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 2
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 2 Audit Score Total 13 Audit Score Total 14 HF3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 1 HF1 Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 1
Safety Complex design/layout 2 HH2 Surface quality 1 Effective width HF3 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 0 Audit Score Total 15 47 CrossHollins Field Grove Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.8
HG1 HG2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 1 HG1 Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 19 HG3 HG4 HG2 HG3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 2 HG4 Continuity and Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 1 Distance 0
Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on differences on shared surface 2 shared surface 1
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 1
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 48 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 12 4.24.8 Cycle Routes CrossHollins Field Street Grove
HG1 HG2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 1 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 0
Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 1 HG1 Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 0 parking 0 Audit Score Total 17 Audit Score Total 15 HG3 HG4 HG2 HG3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 2 Continuity and Continuity and HG4 Cohesion Way finding 1 Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 1 Distance 0
Gradients Gradients Directness 0 Directness 1 Speed Speed differences on differences on shared surface 1 shared surface 1
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 2 design/layout 1
Surface quality 1 Surface quality 1
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 0 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 1 street clutter 1
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 0 Audit Score Total 15 Audit Score Total 11 49 CrossJunction Field 4 Street Pedestrian Routes 4.24.9
JN1 JN2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 2
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2 JN2
Comfort Way finding 2 Comfort Way finding 1
JN3 Accessibility 2 Accessibility 1 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 2
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 21 Audit Score Total 21 JN3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Continuity and JN1 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1
Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 1
Safety Complex design/layout 1
Surface quality 1
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 2
Street Attractiveness Furniture 1 50 Audit Score Total 17 4.24.9 Cycle Routes Cross FieldJunction Street 4
JN1 JN2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 2 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 1
Gradients Gradients Directness 2 Directness 2 Speed Speed differences on 0 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 0 design/layout 1
Surface quality 2 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 1 without conflict 2 JN2 Comfort Way finding 2 Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 2 Accessibility 1 JN3 Social safety Social safety and perceived 2 and perceived 2 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 2
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 2 parking 2 Audit Score Total 19 Audit Score Total 21 JN3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2 JN1 Distance 1
Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 1
Safety Complex design/layout 1
Surface quality 1
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 1
Accessibility 1 Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 2 Audit Score Total 17 51 CrossMilking Field Lane Street Pedestrian Routes 4.104.2
ML1
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 0 Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0
Distance 0
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on 2 shared surface
Safety Complex design/layout 0
Surface quality 0
Effective width without conflict 0
Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 0
Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise 2 ML2 street clutter Street Attractiveness 1 ML1 Furniture Audit Score Total 7
ML2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2
Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 2
Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Street Attractiveness Furniture 0 52 Audit Score Total 22 4.10 4.104.2 Cycle Routes Cross FieldMilking Street Lane
ML1
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 1
Distance 0
Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on 1 shared surface
Safety Complex design/layout 0
Surface quality 0
Effective width without conflict 0
Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 0
Social safety and perceived 1 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1 ML2 Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 1 ML1 Audit Score Total 7
ML2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 2
Gradients Directness 2 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 2
Surface quality 2
Effective width without conflict 1
Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 2 Social safety and perceived 2 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 1
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 2 Audit Score Total 23 53 CrossEwood Field / Albion Street Pedestrian Routes 4.114.2
EA1 EA2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 0 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2
Surface quality 0 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 0 Accessibility 1
Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 2
Street Street Attractiveness Attractiveness Furniture 1 Furniture 1 Audit Score Total 12 Audit Score Total 20 EA1 EA3
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0 EA3 Distance 0
EA2 Gradients Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 1
Surface quality 0
Effective width without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 0 Social safety and perceived 0 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 2
Street Attractiveness Furniture 0 54 Audit Score Total 9 4.11 4.114.2 Cycle Routes CrossEwood Field Street/ Albion
EA1 EA2
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 2 Connections 1 Continuity and Continuity and
Cohesion Way finding 0 Cohesion Way finding 2
Distance 1 Distance 2
Gradients Gradients Directness 1 Directness 0 Speed Speed differences on 2 differences on 2 shared surface shared surface
Safety Complex Safety Complex design/layout 1 design/layout 2
Surface quality 0 Surface quality 2
Effective width Effective width without conflict 2 without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 1 Comfort Way finding 2
Accessibility 0 Accessibility 1
Social safety Social safety and perceived 0 and perceived 1 vulnerability vulnerability Minimise Minimise street clutter 2 street clutter 2
Secure cycle Secure cycle Attractiveness Attractiveness parking 1 parking 2 Audit Score Total 13 Audit Score Total 21 EA3 EA1
Critical0 (Red)1 (Amber)2 (Green) Connections 1 Continuity and Cohesion Way finding 0 EA3 Distance 1
Gradients EA2 Directness 1 Speed differences on shared surface 2
Safety Complex design/layout 1
Surface quality 0
Effective width without conflict 2
Comfort Way finding 0
Accessibility 0 Social safety and perceived 0 vulnerability Minimise street clutter 2
Secure cycle Attractiveness parking 2 Audit Score Total 12 55 5.04.0
SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTSROUTE APPRAISAL 5.0 Darwen IMPROVEMENTS
The following section outlines conclusions and • Empty sites or highly vegetated areas which Key improvements: suggested improvements to the routes assessed in are not overlooked by properties creates a sense • Improvement of road crossings and introduction section 4. of vulnerability and reduced social security; of new crossing points especially along key infrastructure routes; Where the route has been assessed as amber or red • Low quality of surfacing and obstacles blocking (0-10 low quality or 11-16 requires improvement), it entrances creating accessibility issues; • Opportunities for proposed housing developments has been highlighted on the diagrams overleaf. For the to incorporate and improve PRoW connections; purposes of these diagrams, both pedestrian and cycle • Conflict between cars and cycles where the cycle routes have been displayed separately. lanes are poorly maintained or non existent and • Improvements to surfacing, including widening where cars are parked on the road, causing pavements and re-surfacing; It should be noted though that when comparing the obstacles for the cyclists; pedestrian vs cycle many of the results are in the same • Demarcation and segregation of cycles and category and many of the routes overlap with routes of • Conflict between cycles and pedestrians on pedestrians in lanes, on off-road footpaths; other development sites. narrow off-road footpaths; • Improvements to cycling infrastructure providing Suggested improvements have been mapped • Gradients of roads and footpaths steep in places; on-road cycle lanes to access the Weavers Wheel graphically. Due to the overlapping of routes, this from development sites diagram, focuses on specific areas of improvement throughout the development site routes, rather than • Limited crossing points on roads along major routes • Introduce measures to discourage on-road/ looking at each route individually. creating crossing/accessibility problems; pavement parking along the busier roads;
As many of the improvements benefit both pedestrians • Narrow footpaths/ no footpaths in a small • Open up access, via unlocking/adding gates or and cycles, improvement suggestions have been number of cases; clearing overgrown vegetation; combined. • Poor Signage • Management of vegetation along routes to avoid Key Issues: encroachment onto footpaths and roads; • Majority of PRoW’s are located within adjacent • No lighting to some of the footpaths that are part green belt only offering recreational activity of the adopted highway. • The addition of signage at entrances to off-road routes. • Lack of dedicated cycle connections from proposed housing sites to Weavers Wheel. • Inclusion of a new bus loop to better serve the proposed developments in the south western • Poor cycle infrastructure along main highways, section of the study area; heavy reliance on Spur B of Weavers Wheel which is not all lit for evening cycling • Inclusion of lighting on certain key footpath routes and within existing parkland settings to encourage • Reliance on proposed development sites creating these routes to be used more frequently, especially east to west connections from Roman Rd to Ellison in winter months. Fold Way
57 Red & Amber Routes Pedestrian Routes 5.1
Figure 9 - Pedestrian Routes Requiring Improvement 5.1 Cycle Routes Red & Amber Routes
Figure 10 - Cycle Routes Requiring Improvement IMPROVEMENTS Issues 5.2
No footpath present and grass mound along route creates accessibility issues towards park. (EA1)
Although Weavers Way is well surfaced and signed, the east- west connections are lacking surfacing and are overgrown with vegetation. Feeling of social vulnerability due to woodland setting and lack of natural surveillance and lighting. (EA1 & EA3)
Footpath has been stopped up, therefore route is inaccessible at this point. (HG1, HG2 & HG3)
No footpath along narrow road making it Busy Road without cycle lane increases conflict. (JN1) dangerous for cyclists and pedestrians.
There are PRoWs in this area, however they are long distance and are not surfaced. This inaccessibility restricts movement to Blackburn in this direction.
One way system in place, restricts access Lack of cycle connectivity from development on routes for cyclists. (HG1, HG2 & HG3) sites to Spur 2 of Weavers Wheel
Footpath at the back of houses, wayfinding is difficult and surfacing could be improved. (HF2)
Steep gradient. (MH3, MH1 & EF5)
No pedestrian crossing point to access the Crossing points near roundabout do train station. (BM1 & HF2) not feel sufficient for the speed of the road. (MH3, MH1 & EF5) Good quality surfacing and route, however gradient and low sense of perceived safety as surrounded by vegetation. Lack of lighting increases this at nigh-time. (HF1) Cars parked within cycle lane along road increases conflict. Cars dominate the town centre creating conflict between (ML3 & EF5) cyclists, pedestrians and cars. (BM1, BM2 & FS2)
Cars parked within cycle lane along road increases conflict. (FS3)
Very steep gradients surrounding Fountain Street No formal surfacing through site. (FS1, FS2 & FS3) fields along PRoW and difficulty wayfinding. (PL3)
Signage and wayfinding is present on route up to Darwen Tower, however could be updated and improved. (FS3)
Work yards on either side of the reduce sense of feeling of social perceived safety. (PL4) No official road crossing increases risk of conflict. (PL3) Wayfinding issues at the end of Clough Street. Outbuildings reduce feeling of social perceived safety. Although well surfaced at Watery Lane entrance, footpath surface deteriorates in fields and is hard to wayfind. (CL2) No official road crossing increases risk of conflict. (PL4 & PL5)
Street clutter and increased conflict as cars parked on pavement and road. (CL2)
Footpath is not overlooked with high hedging and overgrown vegetation adjacent. Some signage No official road crossing increases risk near new bridge development, however this is of conflict. (CL2) general information boards rather than wayfind- ing signage. (CL1)
Figure 11 - Issues Overview 5.3 Suggested Improvements IMPROVEMENTS
3
2
1
30
26 27
25
29 4
28 5
7
6
8 13 9 12 10
15 16 14
11 17 18
20
24 19
22 23
21
Figure 12 - Opportunities Overview Appendix Darwen Summary Table A
Please refer to section 5.3 for reference locations and illustrative diagram of proposals.
Ref Location Key Issue Suggested Improvement 1 PRoW between St. Kits Close and Sandy Lane. Footpath here has been stopped up, making the route inaccessible at this point. Open up access here and reinstate footpath.
2 Footpaths within woodland to the east of Ewood Although the Weavers Way cycle connection is in good condition, the footpaths running east-west Vegetation management, introduction of lighting and re-surfacing of east-west footpaths. Park. are overgrown with vegetation and lack proper surfacing. Lack of lighting along these paths at night and high tree coverage increase social vulnerability. 3 Longshaw Green. Access from cul-de-sac at Peel Close to Manxman Road difficult due to lack of formal path. Open up access at this point, introducing a formal path.
4 Footpaths between Ash Grove and Ivinson Road. Footpaths run behind properties and look like alley ways making wayfinding difficult. Surfacing Improve surfacing and add signage for wayfinding. needs improvement. 5 Footpath near Shorey Bank, connecting Nelson Street Sense of vulnerability increased in darker hours due to lack of lighting. Introduce lighting along footpath. to Edward Street. 6 Borough Road, Bury Street and Arch Street in Darwen Poor cycle provision on busy roads increases conflict between cyclists and cars. Introduce segregated cycle lanes. town centre. 7 Roads surrounding Darwen Railway Station (Atlas Bus Route no longer runs to the railway station, limited crossing points or cycle provision which Introduce cycle lane along Atlas Road/Railway road, extend bus route to pass railway station and Road/Railway Road) increases conflict between cyclists, pedestrians and cars. introduce new crossing points across the road. 8 Junction of Church Street and Bank Street Surfacing outdated and tired. Improve surfacing at junction.
9 Darwen Town Centre Not enough crossing points or cycle provision within the town centre. Improved crossing points and introduction of cycle lanes.
10 Bank Bottom One way street restricts access for cyclists and no pavements either side of the road increases con- Open up access for cyclists and introduce safer footpath routes. flict between pedestrians (including school children accessing Holy Trinity C of E Primary) and cars. 11 Footpath linking Belgrave Road to Darwen Tower Signage present but outdated and tired. Refresh signage and add segregated cycle and pedestrian routes along footpath.
12 Marsh House Lane and Roman Road Crossing points at junction of roads are not sufficient for speed of the road and cyclists do not have Introduce cycle lanes along Marsh House Lane and improve and formalise crossing points at the segregated lanes, although it is a key route from Hoddleston to Darwen. junction. 13 Hoddleston Road Cars parked within cycle lane causes conflict between cars and cyclists. Discourage on-street parking at this section of road and advertise the presence of a cycle lane more.
14 PRoW between Hoddleston and Pole Lane PRoW through field without formal surfacing. Lack of surface decreases wayfinding ability through Formalise and surface the PRoW and introduce signage at either end of the route. fields. 15 Blacksnape Road No crossing point across Blacksnape Road where PRoW crosses to Heys Lane. Introduce crossing point here.
16 Priory Drive Footpath on one side of the road only, without footpath access to existing bus stop, and no road Introduce crossing point near junction with Pole Lane and introduce footpath on both sides of Priory crossing point at junction with Pole Lane. Drive. 17 The Sidings, formally Spring Vale Railway Station Residents in the south of Darwen do not have easy access to train service provision. Potential re-opening of former Spring Vale Railway Station.
18 Grimshore Street, Sough Lane and Pole Lane No formal crossing point at busy junction. Introduce formal crossing point at junction.
19 Watery Lane Car parking along road and pavement creates conflict between cyclists, pedestrians and cars. Discourage on-street parking at this section of road.
20 Green Corridor between Grimshore Street and Wa- Poor access through green corridor means non-direct route needs to be taking when traveling to Open up access through woodland and create a cycle and pedestrian link. tery Lane Ashton Park. 21 Junction of Bolton Road and Watery Lane No formal crossing point for access to Whitehall Park. Introduce formal crossing point in this location.
22 Cranberry Lane Footpath not overlooked which increases sense of vulnerability. Development for natural surveillance at Cranberry Lane (already in progress). Appendix Darwen Summary Table A
Please refer to section 5.3 for reference locations and illustrative diagram of proposals.
Ref Location Key Issue Suggested Improvement 23 Knowlesly Road Overgrown vegetation along footpath and lack of wayfinding. Introduce wayfinding signage and vegetation maintenance.
24 The Clough Surfacing and sense of safety good near to junction with Watery Lane, however further to the east Introduce surfacing along length of footpath and introduce wayfinding signage. along the footpath the formal surfacing is no longer present, a number of outbuildings and lack of natural surveillance increase social vulnerability. 25 Between Goose House Lane and Hoddleston Limited east-west links from the north of Darwen to Hoddleston. Re-purpose the dismantled railway line as a pedestrian and cycle route.
26 Lower Eccleshill Road No cycle provision along busy road. Introduce segregated cycle lanes.
27 Roman Road No footpaths along narrow rural road increases conflict and creates accessibility issues for cyclists Introduce segregated pedestrian and cycle paths running adjacent to the road in adjoining field. and pedestrians using the road. 28 Harwoods Lane to Johnson Road Limited east-west links between Darwen and Hoddleston. Improve and upgrade bridleway to connect into the proposed railway line link.
29 Holden Fold to Weavers Wheel Limited cycle connections running east-west to connect in with the Weavers Wheel cycle path. Introduce cycle lanes and routes from the larger sites, including Holden Fold, towards the Weavers Wheel to increase connectivity to Blackburn. 30 PRoW off Tottenham Road Busy roads of Duchess Street and onto Greenbank Terrace without adequate cycle provision. To avoid narrow roads of Duchess Street and onto Greenbank Terrace, utilise the PROW from the end of Tottenham Road and cross the River Darwen, finishing at the bottom of Paul Rink Way. Crossing point across the River needed to open up access here, suggest a timber bridge.